赵丽词汇课堂

赵丽词汇课堂介绍１一、计划ﻫ本课程词汇集中在20０0~6000,都是一些基本的词汇,生活中常用的词汇，背单词要有目的性，清楚自己参加什么考试,要有针对性,才更有热情。

根据自己是哪类人，在一星期内复习相关词汇，力求反复掌握。

背单词过程：看-认-背-用。

现阶段只停留在前两阶段。

ﻫ背单词一次只需了解１～２个词意,然后在阅读中不断扩展。

可用新概念４做为阅读材料,定期背诵。

ﻫ二、英语单词的构成1、基础词汇：无特别记忆、需建立与汉语词意间的联系ﻫｎaive 天真的——奶壶，喝奶的孩子很天真ﻫ2、希腊神话(听故事记单词)taｎtalus （本能的）诱惑v．——人名，宙斯与人类之子，出自希腊神话ｔaｎtａlize 逗引或招惹ﻫriｍ边缘——只有rim是边缘brim边缘——前面加b含义不变ﻫｇrim恐怖的——前面加ｇ（鬼）真恐怖ﻫｔrｉｍ修剪整齐——前面加ｔ才修剪整齐ﻫprｉｍ呆板的——p在rim前真呆板proｓe 单调、散文——扑(p)到玫瑰上更单调ﻫplｉght 困境——扑（p）灭了光就陷入困境ｐray 祈祷——扑（p）在光线下才是祈祷课堂介绍 2３、外来词汇ｃhａos 混乱、紊乱——吵死flirt 调情——抚摸着她,逗她笑ﻫquaｉnt 古怪的——拼音ｇuai,怪ﻫaｃqｕaint 熟悉,见怪不怪——ａc前缀,一再。

charisma领袖气质——中国（ch）升起了(arｉｓ）毛泽东（ma)orison祈祷——太阳（o)升到半空(risoｎ）,于是祈祷ﻫｍirth 高兴的——妈妈（m)看到你出生(irth）很高兴blｅar 模糊——不（ｂ)清楚（leａｒ）ﻫclｅａr清晰拉丁语系讲究构词法，重点记忆词根、词缀ﻫﻫｐｏｓe 姿势、v.放——词根ﻫeｘｐｏse 暴露——前缀ex：出来，放在外面=暴露ﻫcompｏse 组成——前缀cｏm:共同，共同放在一起=组成decompｏsｅ分解——前缀de：向下，把组成的东西向下=分解ｄeｐｏse免职——前缀de：向下,ｐoｓe放,向下放＝免职desｐise 轻视、蔑视——前缀de：向下；spiｔ:吐口水;低头吐口水＝轻视dｅposｉt 存款、下蛋、沉淀物——前缀de=向下；pos:放出来;向下放出来=下蛋rｅposｅ休息——前缀ｒe：放回来,往回，反复;放回去->休息ﻫrｅtｉｃeｎt 沉默不语的——rｅ：阿姨;ti:提;ceｎt:分，钱;阿姨提钱->沉默不语的ﻫinｔimate 亲密的——在心里总提（ti)到他，特指情侣间的亲密ﻫvigorous 精力充沛的——ｖｉ:六；go：个；rous:人;一个人具备六个人的精力->精力充沛的ﻫ[liberty:流鼻涕没人管-＞自由]三、谐音记忆法ﻫｐoｎｄｅrous 笨重的——胖的要死->笨重ﻫbｏfｆ狂笑——暴富－＞狂喜ﻫquaｆｆ痛饮——夸父,追日极渴->痛饮ﻫsting蜇、咬——死叮ﻫscowl皱眉头——思考ﻫﻫeｘhauｓt 耗尽、精疲力尽的——一个早死的他ﻫｒobust 强壮的——乐百氏，四肢发达,头脑简单luxｕrｙ奢侈——力士香皂，住在天河(milkwａｙ）边的仙女的皮肤->奢侈Nｉke 胜利女神——耐克,希腊神话中的胜利女神ｃａstｅ等级制度——卡死他frugal 节俭的——腐乳就够了->节俭ﻫmｉsｅrly小气的、吝啬的——小气鬼李先生ﻫ3、代码联想记忆法ｌoｏｍv.若隐若现ｎ.织布机blｏｏｍv.开花ｂlasｔ爆炸igｎiｔe v．点燃ignore v.忽视ﻫoｓtｒiｃｈn．鸵鸟stigma 耻辱、污点ﻫｓtroll 闲逛stiｎk 恶臭ﻫpｒｅstiｇe 名声、名誉ﻫgｌｏom郁闷的ﻫaｂide 忍受孤独的ﻫabｓｕrd 荒谬的eｃho 回声ﻫecｈoｌoｃａtｉoｎ回声定位ﻫaｍｏrous 好色的mｏrｏｓe郁闷的４、行之有效的记忆法：向别人复述单词3遍第1课第1题1．Liｖｉng in ｔｈat_____ house ｏver tｈｅｒe haｓneaｒlyｄrivｅn the heｒo of tｈeｓtｏry mａd.Ａ. bｌeaｋ B. ｈauntedC. gａuntＤ.acumeｎbｌeak荒凉的——不(ｂ)漏水（ｌeak）也是荒凉的ﻫlｅaｋ漏,漏水ﻫｇaunｔ憔悴的，苍白的——鬼（ｇ）阿姨（ａunt）的脸色苍白憔悴,考GRE（g)的姑姑（ａunｔ)脸色憔悴ｖaunt 吹牛——五个（ｖ）姑姑/大娘(aunt)在一起吹牛flaｉr 天赋,本能——天（ａir)高任鸟（ｆl)飞flee逃离，逃跑——飞离(谐音）ｆlaunｔ炫耀——飞(ｆl)姑姑(aｕnt),小龙女，为了引人注目而炫耀ﻫhａunt 常来常往的地方，鬼神出没的地方——姑姑(aunt）家(h）是常来常往的地方ﻫｊaunt短途旅行——短途旅行回来，去接(ｊ)姑姑（auｎt)ﻫdａuｎｔ恐吓,威胁——打（d）姑姑（aunt）->威胁saｕｎtｅr闲逛,四处逛ﻫacumeｎ敏锐,聪明——男人(men）削尖了脑袋-＞明智的男人；阿Q们ﻫａcuｔｅ尖的，敏锐的，灵敏的，急性病ﻫcutｅ可爱的，聪明的chroniｃ慢性病,慢性的ａcｕpｕｎctuｒｅ针灸——用尖的东西(acｕ）来点（punctuｒe）->针炙puncｔｕaｌ准时的,按时的puｎctuaｔｉｏn 标点第１课第2题2．His body ｔｅmpｅｒatuｒe is__＿＿__for ｔｈｒee ｄayｓ,thｅｈigｈest ｐointreaching to ４0.5ｄegrｅｅcentigｒade.A. unｃoｍｍｏnB. disｏrｄeredＣ. abnorｍalＤ. extraordinaryﻫcｅntｉgradｅ(摄氏)温度ﻫcenｔｕrｙ世纪,百年——ｃentiｐede 蜈蚣——百（ｃeｎtｉ)脚（pｅde)动物－＞动物ｂｉped两足动物——bi（两）pｅd（脚）ｐadｄle 踏板,桨——脚蹬、踏板pｅｒcｅnt 百分比——peｒ(每）cent(百)ｃeｎt 分,一分钱ﻫdeｃeｎt 合适的，体面的，正派的——冲着钱(ｃent）的面子de（低头）->待遇是合适的、体面的ﻫindeｃent 不合适的，下流的,不妥当的——iｎ：否定前缀ﻫinnocent无辜的,天真的,单纯的——我的兜里(ｉn）没有（no)一分钱->无辜的;孩子兜里没有一分钱－>天真的ﻫincenｔivｅ（金钱方面的)鼓励,刺激ﻫretｉcent 沉默不语的——阿姨提到钱ﻫintimaｔｅ亲密的——在心里老提到的那个人intｉｍate relatioｎship亲密的关系grade 年级deｇｒaｄe降级——de向下ｕpgrａde 升级——uｐ上升ﻫdeｇraｄed 低级的,品位低俗的deｇrａde tasｔ品位低俗的despｉｔe 蔑视,鄙视ｓpｌit 分裂，分开——用l把sｐit分开wallｆloweｒ壁花，丑小鸭，局外人ﻫﻫａｂnorｍal 不正常的,异常的，反常的——离开(aｂ）标准（ｎormal）－>反常ﻫnｏｒｍaｌ标准的ａｄｊ.nｏrm 标准n.ﻫabｉde 忍受，遵守（法律法规）ﻫaｂｕｓe 滥用(职权)——离开(ａｂ)正常的使用范围(uｓe）-＞滥用eｎｏrmous 相当多的,大量的，巨大的——超出（e）标准的->大量的trｅmｅｎdous 巨大的，高速的,可怕的——令人颤抖（ｔｒem)的结果(end）－>可怕的ﻫtremble 颤抖——船泊在水中晃ａｔtrｅmｅnｄous speｅd 以极快的速度ﻫirritate 激怒ｉrｒiｔable 激怒的——激怒的是桌子(table）irrigａtｅ灌溉——灌溉的是大门（ｇatｅ）castｉgａte惩罚,严惩——扔掉(caｓt）大门(gate）受惩罚ｔoleｒaｎcｅ忍耐力,耐受力ﻫtoｌeｒate 忍受，容忍ﻫdisgｕisｅ伪装——dis不是,guｉ->guｙ家伙，不是那个却半夜成那个－>伪装ｄiｓgust 恶心的,肮脏的，下流的——把自己伪装成她(如花)－>恶心ｒeｐulsive 恶心的——(小强在你的胳膊上)反复蹦pulse 心跳，脉搏retch 干吐,恶心ﻫwretch 悲惨,不幸的人——我（ｗ)吐也吐不出来awfuｌly 恶心的，非常，可怕的You arｅaｗfully beauｔiｆul.你非常美ﻫcommｏn 平常的，普通的ﻫthe coｍmon person老百姓，平民,大众ﻫuncommon不常见的,不普通的——un否定前缀ﻫｃｏmmｏnｓｅnsｅ有常识的nｏｎsense 性情古怪的，胡说八道cｏmmonpｌace 平凡的,平庸的，陈腐的——平常地方所见的都是平凡的ﻫｏrｄer 顺序disoｒdｅr 杂乱无章，使神经错乱,混乱——dis否定前缀disｃovｅｒ发现ﻫcｏver 覆盖ﻫclose 关闭ﻫｄisclose 揭示，揭露like 喜欢ﻫdｉslｉke 不喜欢,讨厌ﻫmeｎｔａl ｌy dｉsｏrdered 精神错乱mantle 地幔cruｓt 地壳ﻫcorｅ地核,核心ﻫｓeｎtｉmenｔal 感伤的,伤感的,多愁善感的——三屉馒头,吃了N多必须减肥,愁啊ﻫdelicate 娇弱的,纤细的,(皮肤）细腻的，敏感的，哀婉的,(五官）精致的，精细的(尤指眼科手术），(化装，颜色，味道)淡淡的——林黛玉同学……第2课第1题3．Texas, the ｓecoｎｄlａｒｇest stａte o ｆAmeｒiｃａ, is ____＿__ in nａturaｌrｅsouｒｃes．ﻫA. ｗealthy B．abundantＣ. scattｅred D. ｄeｐｏsiｔed ﻫａbundant 丰富的，充裕的ﻫreｄunｄａnt 多余的，过剩的——reｄ（红）undａntﻫabsｕrd 荒谬的,可笑的——爱不死的(谐音）,很荒谬ﻫaｍbｉｇuoｕs 模棱两可的,似是而非的——两边（amｂi）,安必归（治精神病的良药）ﻫambie ｎce 环境ﻫﻫdｅpｏsｉt 下蛋，沉积物，存款——de（向下)pos(下放)ﻫexpoｓe 暴露ｒeｐｏse 休息ﻫcomｐoｓe 组成,作曲ﻫｉmposｅ强加于,征税——往里（im）放(pｏｓ) proposｅ提出建议,求婚——往前（pro）放(po ｓ）deｐｏse免职，降职decompoｓｅ分解第2课第2题4. __＿__ tｏsome paｒｔｓof Soｕth Amerｉca is ｓtｉll ｄiffｉcｕlｔ, becａusｅpａｒts ｏf ｃontｉnentａre still ｃovｅr ｅd with ｔｈick forestｓ.A．Orientａtion B. ＡcｃｅssC. ＰrocessｉｏｎD. Ｂｌigｈt ｏrｉentatｉon 东方，定位ﻫorieｎtal 东方的——o（太阳)ri（升起)enｔ（进入)ﻫorisｏn 祈祷ﻫｒay光线ﻫprim 呆板ﻫprosｅ散文,诗歌,平淡无奇plｉght困境prａy祈祷pｌunｇe into 投入,跳入(水中)——中间有个肺lung 肺ﻫﻫentｅr 进来ﻫpotｅntiaｌ潜力，潜能——ｐot（罐子)enｔ（进入),联想阿拉丁的灯神pｅrmaneｎt 永久的，永恒的——ｐer（每个）ｍan（男士）eｎｔ(进入)一种追求永恒爱情的境界ﻫeternａl永恒的，永久的ﻫEtｅｒｎaｌCitｙ永恒的城市,罗马pｌedge 发誓ｐledge ｏｎｅ＇ｓeteranｌｌｏｖe 发山盟海誓ﻫｅternal fiｒe 长明灯ﻫｉnternaｌ内部的ﻫexteｒnaｌ外部的ﻫﻫaccess接近——cｅｓs词根表示走路ﻫhａve ａccessto 接近,使用ﻫprｏｃess前进,加工——pro(往前）cｅss（走）ﻫprｏｃessｉon 队列，行列reｃesｓiｏn休息,(企业)停业整顿——re（阿姨）cｅｓs(走，回来)，停业eｘｃess 过度,过分，剩余——ex（过度）cｅss（走)ﻫconｃesｓion妥协,让步——coｎ（共同,各)cess(各走一步)，妥协ﻫｉｎcessant 不断的，连续的blemish 缺点,污点——ｂliｅ(布来)mish(迷失)，是污点ｂlot 肮脏，污点——虽然不（ｂ）多（loｔ),但也很脏ﻫblight 枯萎——ｂ（不）liｇｈt(光)，见不到光就枯萎ｂlast 爆炸——ｂ(不)laｓt(持续）,就爆炸ｂlame 责备，责怪——炸坏了腿（ｌａｍｅ),别(b）怪我第2课第3题5. Iｈｏpe my teacher will taｋe me recentilｌneｓs intｏ_____ wheｎjudging mｙexaminａtｉon.A．accounｔ B. coｕntingC. regａｒdＤ. ｏbｓeｒｖaｔioncｏunt 计算ﻫaccouｎt 计算,说明——aｃ（一再）ｃount(数）,考虑take into ａccouｎt考虑在内cｏuｎt （ｍe) in 算我一个ﻫcount (me) ouｔ别算我cｏuntlｅss数不过来的,不计其数的ﻫreｇａrｄ(ａs) 认为ﻫｒeｇａrd 凝视,注视ｂeｓｔｒegardｓ最好的祝福XXOO 亲亲抱抱ﻫｒeｇａｒdless （oｆ) 不管,不顾ﻫpeep 偷窥ﻫgliｍpse一瞥ﻫlove ａtｆirｓtglimpse一见钟情ﻫleｅr 斜视,送秋波ｇaｐｅ吃惊地看——g(看到)ａpｅ(猿猴)ａpe猿猴ﻫnigｈｔmaｒe 噩梦——夜（nｉgｈt)里看到床上一个母马（ｍaｒe）,噩梦ﻫmare母马ﻫｇazｅ凝视,(感兴趣地)看ｉllｕsｉon 幻觉——(谐音)一路走近的美女是幻觉ｉllｕming 照亮，点亮——（谐音）一路明ﻫﻫobsｅrvａｔｉon 观察，引用，评述rｅfeｒence 典故comｍｅntary 评论，解说ｐenａlty点球，惩罚ﻫ该组：观察储备,觉得是值得保存的：obsｅrｖｅ观察，遵守rｅseｒvｅ储备deserｖe 值得ﻫconserve 保存ｃonservatiｏn 保存ﻫcoｎsｅrvatｉｖe 保守的ｒeseｒvation 印第安人保留地第3课6．Ｉ'd＿_＿_ ｈｉｓｒeputation withotheｒfarｍers aｎd busineｓs ｐeopｌｅiｎｔhｅcomｍunity aｎd tｈeｎｍakｅａdeｃisioｎabouｔwhｅtｈeｒoｒｎot tｏaｐprove a ｌoａn.A. take ｉnto aｃcountＢ. ａcｃｏuｎtforＣ．maｋe up forＤ. mａｋe outｒeputａｔｉon 名誉，声望——rｅ（重复）put(计算）ationcoｍpute 计算compuｔｅｒ计算机ﻫprestigｅ声望,威信——pｒe(前面）ｓt(街)上……ﻫnaｓty肮脏的，下流的,恶心的——na(那)st（街）上为（y)何什么那么脏ﻫ一个故事:……申请（aｐply）留学，获得批准（ａｐprove),非常感激(appｒecｉate)新东方ﻫ。

naive 天真的，幼稚的nai+ve，奶+喂。

喂奶，给小孩native 土著人native去掉t，比土著人还要少一点，就是天真的，幼稚的；也可以理解成naive加上t，天真+很土(t)=土著人***tantalize 逗引或招惹。

逗弄，使干着急。

tantalus 致命的诱惑tantalizing 诱人的tantalizing smell 诱人的气味希腊神话，tantalus，因其将其子剁碎给众神吃而受到惩罚，被打入阴间并被罚站立在水中，当他想去饮水时水即流走，其头上挂有水果，但当他想拿水果时却退开。

***rim 边缘brim 边缘b+rim，不+rim。

b加在rim前意思不变。

grim 恐怖的g+rim，鬼+rim。

鬼站在边缘上，很恐怖。

trim 修剪整齐t+rim，剃+rim。

剃掉多余的部份，修剪整齐。

zjprim 呆板的prose 单调，散文p+rose，铺+rim。

铺天盖地的玫瑰，很单调。

另，散文经常写的是爱情，玫瑰是爱情的象征，铺天盖地的玫瑰，铺天盖地的爱情，就是散文。

plight 困境p+light，扑+light。

把光给扑灭了，就陷入困境。

pray 祈祷p+ray，扑+ray。

舞台上，一个人扑倒在一束光线的下面，在祈祷。

口决：只有rim是边缘；前面加b，含义不变；前面加鬼，真恐怖；前面加t才修剪整齐；p在rim前真呆板；铺到玫瑰上更单调；扑灭了光，就陷入困境；扑在光线下才是祈祷。

***chaos 混乱，紊乱chao+s。

吵的复数，混乱，紊乱。

***flirt 调情抚摸着她，逗她笑。

调情。

***quaint 古怪的guai怪，古怪。

acquaint 熟悉，见怪不怪ac+quaint，ac-词根，表示“一再的”。

一再的怪，到最后就熟悉，见怪不怪了。

***charisma 领袖气质cha+ris+ma，china+rise+mao。

中国升起了毛泽东，毛泽东具有领袖气质。

chari+s+ma，chair+s+man。

赵丽词汇笔记如何记笔记，把笔记打成三格单词词汇重要性词汇当先1. 阅读离不开词汇2. 听力离不开词汇3. 写作离不开词汇人在什么情况下记忆力最好1. 半饥饿状态2. 大脑皮层兴奋的时候记住单词的“音、形、义”1. 一个人的智商分为三部分：记忆力、计算力和理解力中文助记方法Unit 0单词aunt音标[B:nt]中文姑姑，伯母舅妈，阿姨n. 家，家乡，本国，产地，避难所h(ome) [hEum] adj. 家庭的，国内的，有效的adv. 在家，回家，深入地，在本国常来常往地方haunt [hC:nt] 鬼神出没的地方萦绕心头难以忘记gaunttrivialvicar bishop bicycle [^C:nt][5triviEl][5vikE][5biFEp][5baisikl]憔悴琐碎的，不重要的牧师主教自行车古墓派(小龙女姑姑的家)(大8 岁，鬼迷心窍的感觉haunted room 鬼屋memory haunted me 往事历历在目鬼阿姨tri vi al “三姑六婆所关心的事”三六alltrivial things 琐事一个拥有 6 辆汽车的人拥有 2 家商店的人两个轮助记方法听写：1.鬼神出没的地方 2. 琐碎的，不重要的 3. 憔悴 4. 牧师 5. 主教单词 bride groom shanghai sanguine音标 [braid] [^rum, ^ru:m] [FAN5hai] [5sAN^win]新娘 新郎中文 助记方法不是骑马的人 在屋里等待新娘的哥哥 拼音联想 san gui ne 三 贵 呢 发米呢vt. 欺骗,伤害,诱拐 脸色红润的, 乐观的 n. 费用,旅客,食物 vi. 遭遇,进展,进步 经营，过活fare entertainment famine famish 谐音法： ponder ponderous ambition curse 口诀法： rim brim grim trim[fZE][entE5teinmEnt] 娱乐 [5fAmin] [5fAmiF]n. 饥荒 v. 使……饥饿听写：新娘 新郎 牧师 脸色红润的 欺骗、伤害、诱拐 饥荒[5pCndE] [5pCndErEs] [Am5biFEn] [kE:s] [rim] [brim] [^rim] [trim]思考 笨重的 野心勃勃， 雄心壮志 诅咒 边缘边缘(盆边，帽子边) 恐怖，严酷的 v. 修剪 adj. 整齐的 端庄的 散文；单调cut my hair short cut my hair (剃光头)扑到玫瑰上，狂写爱情 ‐‐> 散文； prose[prEuz]Eros （爱神‐希腊神话）Cupid （爱神‐罗马）‐‐> 妈妈：Venus 冇肉丝morose[mE5rEus]郁闷的冇玫瑰 ‐‐> 没爱情 under the rose 秘密的(用鲜血浇的玫瑰是红的，看不出血)[plait]plight困境扑过去，把光扑没了No one can be a hero in the plight.没人可以在困境中成为英雄，一分钱难倒英雄汉 Every dog has its days (风水轮流转)pray[prei]祈祷口诀： P 在 rim 前真端庄，扑(P)在玫瑰(rose)上更单调扑(P)灭了光就陷入困境，扑在光线下才是祈祷。

☆★揭开“赵丽词汇”神秘的面纱丽丽老师关于背单词的语录：——不求一词多义，但求迅速突破词汇，哪怕只记住一个意思[解释] 每个人的记忆能力有限，智商由计算能力、理解力、记忆力三方面组成。

如果一天记50个意思，一个单词记25个意思，只能记2个单词，回去做阅读没有成就感，因为可能碰不见；每个单词只记一个意思，做阅读也不可能全碰见，但总有个别的能碰见。

——要有兴趣，兴趣是可以培养的——在不同时间不同地点见过10遍以上一定能记住——关于同义词辨析，翻字典看英英解释区分单词含义——背单词要定计划，每天规定一定数量口诀记忆法口诀一：rim: 边缘brim: 边缘grim: 恐怖的trim: 修剪整齐prim: 呆板的prose: 单调、散文plight: 困境pray: 祈祷只有rim是边缘，前面加b意义不变，前面加鬼（g）真恐怖，前面加t才修剪整齐，前面加p真呆板，扑（p）到玫瑰（rose）前真单调，扑（p）灭灯光陷入困境，扑在光前来祈祷。

[扩展] 看到g想成“鬼”，看到p想成“扑”口诀二：blemish:污点blot:肮脏，污点blight:枯萎blast:爆炸blame:责备布莱迷失是污点，虽然不多但也挺脏，见不到光就枯萎，不持续就爆炸，炸瘸了腿别怪我。

[解释] “布莱”想成英国首相“布莱尔”[扩展]见到b想成“不”口诀三：lag：落后flag：旗帜lash：鞭打flash：闪电lame：瘸的flame：火焰are：是flare：熊熊燃烧，闪耀flip：轻击lip：嘴唇flight：飞行light：光落后的旗帜，鞭打着闪电，残废的火焰，是在熊熊燃烧，轻击着嘴唇，飞翔在光中。

口诀四：（by 火舞）light 光delight 高兴slight 轻微的，苗条的alight 点亮的blight 枯萎flight 飞行plight 困境depart 离开只有light才是光，light加s 是灯泡（light）前面加a是点燃，前面加b是枯萎弟弟（de）见光真快乐,（s）在光前真苗条口诀五：fledging：小鸟flake：雪花，薄片flair：本能flaunt：炫耀flock：（禽、畜等的）一群flout：蔑视flatter：溜须拍马，奉承flurry：困惑的，惶惶不安的flack：严厉批评飞在边缘是小鸟，飞入湖中是雪花，飞在空中是本能，飞来的姑姑在炫耀，锁到一起是一群，飞出去却遭到蔑视，后飞来的却在那溜须拍马，只是听起来真是很flurry，缺乏的却是严厉批评。

赵丽词汇8000讲义开场白赵丽主页：8000课程介绍从4000起，讲到8000止词汇8000教材词汇8000正文TOEFL100个优秀背颂句子分类记忆词表词根表词源核心词表准备一个笔记本分成三部分：－含义－助记方法背单词的注意事项半饥饿状态记忆最好，大脑皮层要兴奋找一个背单词的伙伴（合作背单词，效果最好）性格内向的人，背单词时准备一个小镜子笔记：难的单词的特点：无记忆方法sanguine 乐观的，血色的，脸色红润的rim（记起来更难）边缘骉尽量在外形、音等方面搭建一个桥梁建立词性转换库笔记：-ceive 拿conceive 设想，构想conceive a plan-per 每一个perceive 觉察到deceive 欺骗receive 收到-ception n.-ceptive adj.建立同义词库笔记：nude 全裸矛盾：controversy / contradiction / paradox / dilemma词对记忆近形对照法loyal 忠诚的royal 皇室的笔记：topic 主题tropic 热带friend 朋友fiend 恶魔第一讲loyal 忠诚的- loyalty n.royal 皇室的- royalty n.royalty 版税snake 蛇sordid 猥琐的sneak 鬼鬼祟祟的走naked 全裸的- nude 全裸的peer 看东西有困难而努力地看peer atnudedenude 剥离，脱离denude your propertyample 丰富maple 枫树example笔记：matchmaker 媒婆Cupid 丘比特cupidity 贪婪构词转换法-ifyample 丰富amplify 放大，扩大amplifier 放大器clear 清楚clarify 弄清楚，弄明白mode 模式modify 修饰modifier 修饰语modification 修饰-izeauthor 作者authorize 授权mini- 小minimizein- ... -atetimid 胆小的intimidate 恐吓vigor 精力invigorate 使......精力充沛toxic 中毒的intoxicate 上瘾笔记：tonic 补药Tonic invigorates you.brassy 厚颜无耻的assassin 刺客assassinate 暗杀，刺杀vibra 摆动vibrate 摆动，振动vibrationblush 脸红liberty 自由fury 愤怒的，怒火中烧infuriate 使......愤怒，激怒......e- ... –atelaborelaborate 精心制作笔记：elegant 优雅的value 价值evaluate 评价longelongate 延长，拉长vapor 水蒸气evaporate 蒸发ad--opt 选择adopt 采纳，收养笔记：optionlev 轻，高alleviate 缓和，减轻笔记：elevate 提高elevatorlifttoilettoil 辛苦的工作gravity 重力aggravate 恶化，变坏借力使力trench 壕沟，战壕wrench 扭伤French笔记：shanghai 伤害，欺骗，诱拐pajamas 睡衣拼音形象联想：s: 弯弯曲曲的一条蛇sway 摇摆oo: 一对大眼睛lookee: 一对小眼睛peerpreen 骚首弄姿b: 不blight 枯萎blear 模糊bold 大胆blast 爆炸法国人把他扔进了壕沟/ 战壕里，我把他扭伤口诀法literate 有文化的iterate 重复说adulterate 掺假illiterate 文盲preliterate 无文字记录的obliterate 删除，抹掉笔记：loom 若隐若现（100m以外的MM看也看不清楚）isolate 使隔离，使孤立（夜深还有谁为爱等待得如此晚？）I feel very isolated.pretext 借口obscene 猥琐一个有文化的人，爱上了重复说话，长大以后学会了掺假，生病以后变成了文盲，之前无文字记录，离开后只能删除lank 瘦长的blank 空格flank 侧翼plank 厚木板rank 排名crank n. 曲柄；v. 蜿蜒曲折frank 坦白prank 恶作剧笔记：be flanked with treesThe road is flanked with trees.A small river cranked into the small village.cliche 腐朽的，陈词滥调的只有lank瘦又长，b在lank前变空格，f在lank前是侧翼，p在lank前厚木板，lank变rank 是排名，前面加c是曲柄，前面加f真坦白，前面加p才是恶作剧。

赵丽词汇一、计划本课程词汇集中在2000〜6000,都是一些基本的词汇，生活中常用的词汇，背单词要有目的性，清楚自己参加什么考试，要有针对性，才更有热情。

根据自己是哪类人，在一星期内复习相关词汇，力求反复掌握。

背单词过程：看-认-背-用。

现阶段只停留在前两阶段。

背单词一次只需了解1〜2个词意，然后在阅读中不断扩展。

可用新概念 4做为阅读材料，定期背诵。

haunt :常来常往的地方，鬼神出没的地方，萦绕心头难以忘记 aunt 姑姑 h（ome）家姑姑的家-〉常来常往的地方haunted room 鬼屋memory haunted me 往事历历在目gaunt 憔悴鬼g阿姨显得很憔悴trivial adj.琐碎的，不重要的，琐碎的事三姑tri六婆vi所关心的事，是不重要的vicar 牧师有六vi辆车的人是牧师 bishop 主教有两个bi商店的是主教 bicycle 自行车两个轮的，很形象bride 新娘现代新娘不 b骑马ride bridegroom /groom 新郎在屋里等待新娘的哥哥shanghai 欺骗，伤害，诱拐二、英语单词的构成1、基础词汇：无特别记忆、需建立与汉语词意间的联系naive 天真的奶一壶2、希腊神话（听故事记单词）tantalus 诱惑tantalize 逗引或招惹泰坦希腊神话rim 边缘 rim是边缘brim 边缘加B也不变 grim 恐怖的加鬼真恐怖trim 修剪整齐加T修剪整齐 prim 呆板的加P真呆板 prose 单调、散文扌卜在玫瑰下真单调plight 困境扑在光下是困境pray 祈祷扑在光线下才是祈祷3、外来词汇chaos 混乱、紊乱齐汉语拼音：“ chao ”吵死了flirt调情汉语拼音：抚弄他，逗她笑-调情quaint 古怪的（把 q 看成 g，拼音：guai怪）acquaint 熟悉，见怪不怪 ac是一再 charisma领袖气质中国一升起的毛（泽东）oris on 祈祷 O 太阳升起 ris，就在 on 祈祷mirth 妈妈看到孩子出生（yirth"）—高兴的clear 清晰blear 不是（ b）清晰—模糊拉丁语系讲究构词法，重点记忆词根、词缀pose 姿势、v.放expose 暴露ex放在夕卜面compose 组成 com 共同，共同放在一起decompose 分解 de 是向下、反意，组成的反意就是分解depose 免职向下放despise 轻视、蔑视 de-spit，向下吐口水deposit 存款、下蛋、沉淀物向下放它repose 休息 re 是往回返回放回来休息reticent 沉默不语的记忆法：阿姨（re）提（ti ）钱（cent ）—沉默不语的 intimate亲密的记忆法：在内心深处（in ）总提（ti）到的伙伴（ mate ），肯定是亲密的vigorous 精力充沛的记忆法：伟哥vigo老师rous肯定是精力充沛的三、记忆法拆分法sanguine 脸色红润的，乐观的陈圆圆从门外进来一掀门帘脸色红润，面泛桃花问一声：三桂呢？fare 路费entertainment 娱乐谐音法pon der 思考胖的人都喜欢思考 ponderous 笨重的胖得要死，很笨重 ambition 野心勃勃，胸心壮志俺必胜ambition to docurse诅咒克死人家，很形象吧？famine 饥荒 -> famish 使 ......... 饥饿Fa发mi米ne呢，饥荒的时候要发大米吧？boff 狂笑暴富的人是不是在狂笑？ quaff 痛饮“夸父”追日太口渴，在狂饮水sting 死叮—蜇、咬scowl 思考—皱眉头exhaust 一个早死的他—耗尽、精疲力尽的robust乐百事，四肢发达头脑简单—强壮的luxury "力士香皂，奢侈”—奢侈Nike胜利女神caste "卡死他”—等级制度frugal "腐乳就够了”—节俭的miserly “ miser李”—小气的、吝啬的口诀法rim 边缘brim 边缘grim 恐怖trim v.修剪 adj.整齐的只有rim是边缘前面加b含义不变前面加g （鬼）真恐怖前面加t才修剪整齐prim 端庄的prose 散文；单调Eros （希腊神话）爱神Cupid （罗马神话）丘比特爱神cupidity 贪婪爱是贪婪的venus 维纟纳斯morose 郁闷的无玫瑰，感到很郁闷的 plight 困境扑（p）灭了光就陷入困境No one can be a hero in the plight.Every dog has its days.pray 祈祷p 在rim 前真端庄扑（p）到玫瑰上很单调扑（p）灭了光就陷入困境扌卜（p ）在光线下才是祈祷under the rose 秘密的近形对照法adapt / adopt / adeptadapt 适应adopt 收养；采纳adept熟练的，有技巧的o 想象成圆圈，套圈的时候，你套什么就是你选择了什么，在采纳意见的时候有所选择 a 靠近 a的就是 a，近朱者赤，这就是对环境的适应性e想成郭晶晶在跳水，挑水需要技巧的mortal死亡的头都无啦，肯定死了 immortal 不朽永远不会没有头，不朽了 liberty 自由留鼻涕的自由女神 blush脸红不拉屎，憋得脸都红了wiggle 摆动喂狗时狗在摇尾巴brass 厚颜无耻把 bra 戴在屁股 ass 上！01-1 Unit 11. Living in that _ house over therehas nearly driven the hero of the storymad.B. hauntedC. gauntD. acumen bleak荒凉的不漏雨的小亭子，也很荒凉bold大胆的，勇敢的，鲁莽的不老的，那必然就很勇敢大胆，还比较鲁莽 bold face 黑体字blight 枯萎不见光就枯萎blast 爆炸不持续就爆炸leak 泄漏立刻就漏了take a leak 去洗手间May I go somewhere ? 我要去下洗手间where is john? where is jane?john男洗手间 jane女洗手间 toilet 马桶 toillet it out toil 辛苦的WC = water closet 公共厕所因为不老，才大胆 bold，见不到光就枯萎blight，不持续就爆炸blast，只是不漏bleak，也很荒凉姑姑系列：0.小龙女姑姑的家一活死人墓haunt神出鬼没的地方1. 飞姑姑fl-想成“飞"，姑姑在炫耀轻功flaunt 炫耀2. 打姑姑一恐吓姑姑说要打她daunt 恐吓，威胁3. 五个”V”姑姑一女人在一起肯定吹水啦vaunt 吹牛4. 接姑姑一接姑姑去短途旅行一下啦jaunt 短途旅行5. 傻姑姑一射雕中傻姑到处闲逛saunter 闲逛，四处逛6. 吐T姑姑一李莫愁向姑姑吐口水嘲弄她taunt 嘲弄7. 鬼” G”姑姑一憔悴的鬼阿姨gaunt 憔悴的，苍白的flair “fl飞，天高任鸟飞”天赋，本能flee “飞离”逃离，逃跑acumen 敏锐，聪明，明智的阿Q们是明智的，懂得精神胜利法比较明智acu- 尖的A^ute 尖的，敏锐的，灵敏的，急性的cute可爱的，聪明的chronic 慢性的，慢性病acute angle 锐角论坛punctual 准时的，准点的punct -点punctuation 标点符号acupuncture 针灸 acu -尖的和 punct -点的，用尖的东西去点你01-2 Unit 12. His body temperature is ___ for three days, the highest point reaching to 40.5 degree centigrade.A. uncommonB. disorderedC. abnor malD.extraordinarycentigrade （摄氏）温度一百 cent 个等级century 世纪，百年centipede 蜈蚣 ped 是脚一百只脚，百足biped 两足动物两只脚 bi分开的，两个 paddle踏板，桨脚踏的东西percent 百分比 per每一个cent 分，一分钱decent合适的，体面的，正派的将钱的重要性放低点才是正派的合适的。

赵丽词汇5500讲义精校版UNIT 11 Living in that _____ house over there has nearly driven the hero of the story mad.A．bleak B．haunted C．gaunt D．acumen2 His body temperature is ______ for three days, the highest point reaching to 40.5 degree centigrade.A．uncommon B．disordered C．abnormal D．extraordinary 3 Texas, the second largest state of America, is ______ in natural resources.A．wealthy B．abundant C．scattered D．deposited4 _____ to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of continent are still covered with thick forests.A．Orientation B．Access C．Procession D．Blight5 I hope my teacher will take me recent illness into _____ when judging my examination.A．account B．counting C．regard D．observation6 I’d ____ his reputation with other farme rs and business people in the community and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.A．take into account B．account for C．make up for D．make out7 His long service with the company was ____ with a present.A．admitted B．acknowledge C．attributed D．identified8 Ms Green has been living in town for only one year, yet she seems to be _______with everyone who comes to the store.A．balked B．admitted C．admired D．acquainted9 Although most birds have only a negligible sense of smell, they ____ vision.A．vigorous B．exact C．acute D．vivid10 The newcomers found it impossible to ____ themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent home in the new country.A．shatter B．adapt C．regulate D．coordinate11 By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have ___ opportunity to change his mind.A．accurate B．urgent C．excessive D．adequate12 My camera can be ______ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny condition.A．treated B．adjusted C．adopted D．remedied13 His argument does not suggest that mankind can _____ to be wasteful in the utilization of these resources.A．resort B．grant C．afford D．entitle14 what were your _______ wages last year?A．entire B．aggregate C．complete D．terse15 I should like to rent a house, modern comfortable and _____ in a quiet neighborhood.A．all in all B．above all C．after all D．over all16 Most people who travel in the course of their work are given traveling _____.A．income B．allowance C．wages D．pay17 Professor Smith and Professor Brown will ____ in giving the class lectures.A．alter B．change C．alternate D．differ18 when traveling, you are advised to take traveler’s checks, which provide a secure____ to carrying your money in cash.A．substitute B．selection C．preference D．alternative19 Fortune-tellers are good at making ______ statement such as “ Your sorrows will change”.A．philosophical B．ambiguous C．literal D．invalid20 The school master _____ the girl’s bravery in is opening speech.A．applauded B．enhanced C．elevated D．tantalized21 I was unaware of the critical points involved , so my choice was quite _____.A．arbitrary B．rational C．serene D．unpredictable 22 The famous scientist _____ his success to hard work.A．imparted B．ascribe C．sauntered D．acknowledged 23 Everybody _____ in the hall where they welcomed by the secretary.A．assembled B．piled C．joined D．accumulated 24 The patient has been _____ of the safety of the operation.A．assured B．guaranteed C．entrust D．confirmed25 In a typhoon, winds _____ a speed greater than 120 kilometer an hour.A．assume B．accomplish C．attain D．assemble26 We _____ Edison’s success to his intelligence and hard work.A．subject B．attribute C．owe D．refer27 What the correspondent sent us is an ____ news report. We can depend on it.A．evident B．authentic C．ultimate D．immediate 28 In fact, there is no _______ liberty in any country.A．adequate B．absolute C．private D．practical29 The manager director took the ____ for the accident , although it was not really his fault.A．guilt B．blame C．charge D．accusation 30 They spent many years _____ for oil in this small island.A．exploring B．exploding C．exposing D．exploitingUNIT 21 The lost car of the less was found _____in the woods off the high way.A．vanished B．abandoned C．scattered D．rejected2 Children are ____ to have some accidents as they grow up.A．obvious B．indispensable C．bound D．obtuse3 John assured his boss that he would ____ all his energies in doing this new job.A．call forth B．call at C．call on D．call off4 The archaeologists examined the ____ of ancient pottery.A．fragment B．fragrance C．flagrance D．retinue5 The president ____ a nation holiday for the event.A．proclaimed B．distinguished C．acclaimed D．exclaimed6 Wealthy Romans collected _____ of Greek statues and paintings.A．recreations B．enjoyments C．reproductions D．entertainments 7 If the ____ in the test is too small, we can not get a good result.A．sample B．meagerness C．leisure D．flight8 Dark glasses serve to ____ eyes from the glare of the sun.A．dismay B．shelter C．shield D．defend9 Anna was ____ to give up her poverty by her treacherous uncle.A．impelled B．expelled C．compelled D．repelled10 In order to improve our condition, this new scheme must be _____.A．adopted B．adapted C．adept D．addicted11 Insulted by my opponent, I _____ at him with closed fists.A．glared B．peeped C．glanced D．stared12 The girl took cheese and _____ to eat.A．commenced B．commended C．commanded D．commented13 Being extremely _____ to the cold, I don't like skiing.A．sensitive B．senseless C．sensible D．insensitive14 Since she knows a terrible _ _ as they waited to hear who had been killed in the plane crash.A．diffusion B．impression C．stimulation D．tension15 Barbara _____ in doing it again though she had failed more than a dozen times.A．consisted B．resisted C．assisted D．persisted16 This is a purely _____ problem, not a political one.A．additional B．assiduous C．adamant D．academic17 After criminals were caught , they were accused and put on _____ .A．death B．verdiction C．trial D．sentence18 I struggled out of the ditch and my jeans were ____.A．spoiled B．scattered C．spilled D．spotted19 On turning the corner, we saw the road _____ steeply.A．departing B．depressing C．decreasing D．descending20 Before he started to work, I asked the builder to give me an of the cost of repairing the roof.A．assessment B．announcement C．estimate D．evaluation21 Although not an economist himself, Dr. smith has long been a severe critic of the government's ______ policies.A．economic B．economical C．economics D．economy22 It is rather _____ that we still do not know how many species there are in the world today.A．misleading B．embarrassing C．boring D．demanding23 The old building is in a good state of _____ except for the wooden floors.A．observation B．preservation C．conservation D．compensation 24 The ceremony will _____ as soon as the minister arrives.A．complete B．commence C．disperse D．descend25 Gasline is _____ by ten spark plugs in the engine.A．ignited B．inspired C．excited D．illuminated26 The person who _____ this type of research deserves our praise.A．originated B．manufactured C．generated D．estimated27 Dogs are often praised for their ____; they almost never abandon their masters.A．faith B．loyalty C．trust D．truthfulness 28 When business is _____, there is usually an obvious increase in unemployment.A．degraded B．depressed C．reduced D．lessened29 He believed that the greatest of his _____ was that he'd never had a college education.A．griefs B．misfortunes C．disasters D．sorrows30 Although most birds have only a negligible sense of smell, they have _____ vision.A．vigorous B．exact C．acute D．vividUNIT 31 By moving the radar beam around slowly in circles, we can _____ the surroundings.A．explore B．expose C．exploit D．addle2 The lady dressed in the latest Paris fashion is ____ in her appearance but rude in her speech.A．elaborate B．excessive C．elegant D．exaggerated3 A window in the kitchen was _____; there was rubbish everywhere, and the curtains and carpets had been stolen.A．scattered B．scraped C．scratched D．smashed4 As a _____ actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments.A．flexible B．versatile C．sophisticated D．productive5 There are not many teachers who are strong ____ of traditional methods in English teaching.A．sponsors B．contributors C．advocates D．performers6 On weekend , my grandma usually ____ a glass of wine.A．subscribes to B．engages in C．hangs on D．indulges in7 At the party we found that shy girl _____ her mother all the time.A．depending on B．coinciding with C．adhering to D．clinging to8 The education provides them _____ to economic progress.A．admission B．acceptance C．access D．approach9 This can _____ the worry between a couple that they don't understand each other.A．release B．relent C．relieve D．relay10 Many distinguished men have ____ from slums.A．emanated B．appeared C．loomed D．emerged11 The most advanced communication ____ can pass information to any member state in no more than five seconds.A．furniture B．facilities C．equipment D．ornaments12 The evidence showed that the hanged man could be ____ of murder.A．ignorant B．innocent C．indecent D．tolerant13 The outward _____ may increase as anti-immigrant fever spreads in the united states.A．departure B．exodus C．contagion D．adage14 They work long hours but don't earn enough to ensure a _____ living for themselves and their families.A．reticent B．decent C．innocent D．descent15 Worldwide demand for more _____ technology continues to grow.A．subtle B．experienced C．sophisticated D．refined16 Mr Russel is a good teacher, but he often gives ____ lectures.A．excellent B．extensive C．sound D．tedious17 A ____ heart beats around seventy-six times a minute.A．delicate B．normal C．formal D．peculiar18 Mr Johnson had given no ____ that he was intending to resign.A．distinction B．direction C．information D．indication19 Color-blind people often find it difficult to ____ between blue and green.A．separate B．distinguish C．compare D．contrast20 The choir stood in four rows according to their ____ heights.A．respective B．respectable C．respected D．respectful21 There are few areas of our lives in which tools don't play an _____ part.A．indispensable B．independent C．indistinguishable D．indiscriminate22 He is such a(n)_____ person that he gives money to whoever is in need of his help.A．amiable B．agreeable C．generous D．hospitable23 A man who doesn't like to talk about himself or to make his feelings known to others is called a______ man.A．reserved B．conservative C．tolerant D．preserved24 He reads so ____ that he knows almost everything about various fields of learning.A．extensively B．intensively C．closely D．exclusively25 The light was too ____ for the boy to read the letter.A．illuminating B．implicit C．explicit D．dim26 None of us was ____ when Bill ask for help.A．attainable B．approachable C．available D．applicable27 His final remarks had a tremendous _____ on audience.A．collision B．impact C．uplift D．uproar28 He was a brilliant musician as a boy but he never _____ his early promise.A．completed B．concluded C．fulfilled D．performed29 Tom has been ____ of sight for many years.A．busy B．disappointed C．ashamed D．deprived30 The actress were dressed in ______ costumes.A．elaborate B．deliberate C．delicate D．delinquentUNIT 41 His employers could not complain about his work because he was ____ in the performance of his duties.A．derelict B．penetrating C．diversified D．assiduous.2 I met a remarkable man who had been traveling the world over in search of __ _ and romance.A．adventure B．novels C．literature D．jeopardy3 The person who ____ this type of reform deserves our praise.A．generated B．estimated C．originated D．manufactured 4 He always does something casually. So casualty is a _____ in his character.A．proficiency B defect．C．virtue D．appendix5 He _____ certain passages from the original book in the new edition.A．concluded B．included C．excluded D．secluded6 He has never liked meat, and has always had a ______ for vegetables and fruit.A．admiration B．preference C．substitution D．compensation 7 I was moved and grandpa was equally_____. Rarely had I seen him so worked-up.A．infected B．affected C．inflicted D．afflicted8 Education is ____ for the development of a country.A．indispensable B．accountable C．deliberate D．deficient9 Everybody _____ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.A．assemble B．accumulated C．piled D．joined10 By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have _____ opportunity to change his mind.A．accurate B．urgent C．excessive D．adequate11 Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been fairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is _____.A．granted B．implied C．exaggerated D．remedied12 Young people are not _____ to stand and look at works of art, they want art they can participate in.A．conservative B．content C．confident D．generous13 In Britain people _______ four million tons of potatoes every year.A．swallow B．dispose C．consume D．exhaust14 Some diseases are _____ by certain water animals.A．transplant B．transformed C．transported D．transmitted15 If Japan _____its relation with that country , It will have to find another supplier of raw materials.A．precludes B．terminates C．partitions D．expires16 The wealth of a country should be measured ____ the health and happiness of its people as well as the materialgoods.A．in line with B．in terms of C．by means of D．in favor of17 That part of the town is completely ____ of interest for visitors. There is no scenery at all.A．suspicious B．demonstrative C．void D irrespective．18 _____ to the mountain towns is often difficult because of bad roads.A．aversion B．orison C．Incentive D．access19 At the tide ____ from the shore, we are able to look for shells.A．preceded B．proceeded C．acceded D．receded20 Though it was less attractive, John knew the metal box would be more _____.A．terminal B．durable C．persistent D．ultimate21 They could not go to the theater together because his free time never _____ with hers.A．collide B．comply C．coincide D．cope22 Everyone in the auditorium was weeping by the time he finished the ____ tale.A．perpetual B．vigorous C．ultimate D．pathetic23 We have taken all the ____ we can against the painting being stolen.A．precautions B．admissions C．concessions D．transactions24 The ____man would go his own way, in spite of all warnings.A．obedient B．obstinate C．digital D．elaborate25 Some flowers , like roses, are famous for their strong _____ .A．fragrance B．flavor C．demon D．outline26 The amateur team was _____from the contest in the first round.A．detached B．excused C．distracted D．eliminated27 He is planning another tour abroad, yet his passport will_____ at the end of this month.A．expire B．exceed C．terminate D．cease28 All the off __shore oil explorers were in high spirits as they read _____ letters from their families.A．sentimental B．affectionate C．intimate D．sensitive29 Please ____ yourself from smoking and spitting in public places, since the law forbids them.A．restrain B．hinder C．restrict D．prohibit30 The elderly Russians find it hard to live on their state____.A．pensions B．earnings C．salaries D．donations。

第四讲access n.1.进入2.接近excess 走多了，过度了，过剩了excessionexcessiveaccessible 可接近的inaccessible 不可接近的process 前进，加工processionconcession 妥协recession 停业，整顿，企业处于萧条状态incessant 连续不断的beckon v.招手或点头示意concur v.1.同意；意见一致2.同时发生occur 发生recur 复发，重现incur 招致，导致precursor 祖先ancestor 祖先excursion 探险，远征descendant 后代successor 后任predecessor 前任denounce v.当众指责allege 宣布claim 声称sert 塞insert 插入assert 断言desert 遗弃，沙漠desserts 甜品stressedrevoke 撤销announce 宣布renounce 撤销He was denounced as a coward and traitor.他被指责为懦夫和卖国贼。

recreant 懦夫fray v. 1．争吵；斗争2．磨损；磨破afford 负担，承担afford 负担，承担affable 和蔼可亲的affinity 关系密切，亲属关系affray 争吵loot 打劫＝plunderbetray 出卖，背叛stray 迷路pray 祈祷tray 盘子ashtray 烟灰缸array 排列an array of 大量的The first blow makes the anger,but the second makes the fray.第一拳引起愤怒，第二拳招致争吵。

阿弗为光线在争吵，赌博为光线被出卖；大街上光线在迷失，只好到光线下去祈祷；钩住光线的是盘子，装灰的盘子是烟灰缸。

hamper v. 阻碍tamper 篡改tamp 纵容tramp 踩瓷，夯实Heavy clothing hampered the movements of the climbers.笨重的衣服阻碍了登山者的行动。