刘芳论文

科学技术进步奖公示内容一、项目名称：急性心肌缺血损伤的机制及防治研究二、提名单位：河北省卫生和计划生育委员会三、项目简介：心血管疾病是目前人类致残、致死率最高的疾病之一，其中缺血性心脏病是威胁人类健康的主要的心血管疾病。

对缺血性心脏病的发病机制进行广泛而深入的研究，寻找新的治疗靶点，开发安全、可靠、高效的药物，对其进行有效的预防和治疗，一直是目前医药研究领域的重要课题。

本研究利用langendorff离体心脏灌流、在体心肌缺血或缺血再灌注、心肌细胞培养等动物模型，采用功能学、形态学、流式细胞学、免疫组织化学和分子生物学等多种先进方法和技术，从整体、离体、细胞、蛋白、基因水平多层次、多方面系统分析探讨了急性心肌缺血损伤的发病机制, 并观察了异丙酚和硫化氢（H2S）不同给药剂量、不同给药时间对正常大鼠和糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血损伤的影响及其作用机制。

研究结果证明：①氧化应激、核因子-κB信号途径、炎性细胞因子、细胞凋亡、自噬相关调控基因及其产物的改变在心肌缺血损伤中具有重要作用。

②糖尿病情况下心肌超微结构的改变和氧化应激的增强可能是糖尿病加重心肌缺血再灌注损伤的原因。

③异丙酚可通过清除自由基、改善并保护线粒体功能，抑制线粒体途径的细胞凋亡，抑制核因子-κB的活化及炎症相关因子的表达；同时还能通过上调细胞自噬相关蛋白p-mTOR表达、下调mTOR表达，从而减轻缺血/再灌注损伤。

④硫化氢/胱硫醚-γ-裂解酶（H2S/CSE）体系参与了急性心肌缺血损伤的发生和发展，急性心肌缺血后应用H2S 供体硫氢化钠（NaHS）治疗，可明显增加H2S生成，改善心功能，减轻心肌损伤，其作用机制可能是通过减少氧化应激、保护线粒体功能，抑制核因子-κB信号途径、下调IL-1β、TNF-α和ICAM-1等炎性因子的表达，抑制急性心肌缺血后心肌细胞的凋亡从而发挥心肌保护作用。

进一步研究还证实了NaHS通过激活GSK-3β/β-catenin信号通路，促进GSK-3β磷酸化，增加β-catenin的表达，发挥抗心肌细胞凋亡作用。

奇妙的数字规律连云港市赣榆区门河中心小学四年级三班陈天祥创作指导老师刘芳我喜欢学数学，因为不仅可以用学到数学知识解决生活的问题，而且简单的数字世界里还藏着许许多多巧妙而有趣的数学规律。

比如：今年学完用计算器探索了一些规律后，我便沉迷于研究数字，我发现12345679是一个非常独特的数，它包含了1～9这9个数中的8个，独缺数字8，我就称它为“缺8数”。

用9的倍数乘“缺8数”，可得到一座数字宝塔。

12345679×9＝11111111112345679×18＝22222222212345679×27＝333333333……100多年前，这座数字宝塔在法国数学家卢卡的《数学娱乐》一书中出现过。

看来，数学家也对“缺8数”感兴趣。

“缺8数”独缺1～9这9个数字中的8，我们让它与8相乘，看看结果如何。

12345679×8＝98765432乘积是98765432，包含了1至9这九个数字中的8个，唯独缺数字“1”，数字98765432也是一个独特的数。

我先用它做一些简单的运算。

第一步：用98765432÷2，得到49382716。

巧的是，其商中“来”了个1“走”了个5。

第二步：用第一步的计算结果49382716除以2，得到24691358，商中“来”了个5，“走”了个7。

第三步：用第二步的计算结果24691358÷2，得12345679，商就是“缺8数”。

第四步：用12345679×5，得61728395。

乘积中缺数字4。

第五步：用第四步的计算结果61728395与第二步的计算结果2461358相加，和是86419753，缺数字2下面把“缺1数”98765432以及上面（1）至（5）的计算结果分别×9，看看结果如何。

98765432×9＝88888888849382716×9＝44444444424691358×9＝22222222212345679×9＝11111111161728395×9＝55555555586419753×9＝777777777规律出现了，你看，如果原数所缺的数字为n，那么乘9后，积会重复出现9个一样的数字，这个数字是（9－n）。

化工论文范文化工产业是国家经济的重要支柱。

随着经济社会的发展,国内外环境污染突发事件时有发生,造成当地经济较大程度的损失,同时也严重影响了人类健康和社会的和谐稳定。

下面是店铺为大家推荐的化工论文，供大家参考。

化工论文范文一：邮寄废水处理中臭氧氧化技术的运用摘要：臭氧氧化作为一种有效的有机废水处理技术,对难生物降解的有机废水具有良好的降解效果。

臭氧一般不能氧化彻底有机物，由此衍生了一系列的臭氧组合工艺，本文介绍了臭氧的性质及氧化机理,分析了臭氧氧化和衍生技术在处理农药废水、焦化废水、垃圾渗滤液、纺织印染废水等难降解有机废水中的应用,并指出了臭氧氧化技术存在的问题。

关键词：臭氧氧化技术;有机废水;废水处理世界人口的疯长及日益发展的工业是越来越多的水体遭受污染。

而臭氧具有较高的氧化还原点位和很强的氧化性，可以氧化多种化合物，对于生物难降解的有机物具有反应速度快，处理效果好，不产生污泥等特点。

随着工业技术的革新，人们发现臭氧消毒的效率要远优于氯消毒，不会在消毒过程中产生对人体有害的三氯甲烷(THMS)，并且还可以有效去除水中的色、臭、味、和铁、锰等无机物质，并能降低UV吸收值、TOC、COD及氨氮。

因此，臭氧氧化技术被广泛地应用于产业废水处理中[1]。

1臭氧的特性臭氧，一种浅蓝色具有刺激性气味的气体，氧原子以sp2杂化的方式形成π键，臭氧分子形状为V形。

臭氧的ORP比水处理中常用消毒剂氯气高0.7V，其氧化能力也远远高于氯气高。

在水中的溶解度比氧气约高13倍[1]。

经臭氧处理后的水中通常含有较多的杂质，成分比较复杂，还含有许多有机污染物，所以臭氧在水中很不稳定，会迅速分解成氧气分子[2]。

2臭氧氧化及其衍生工艺臭氧氧化有机物的过程分为两种反应：直接反应和间接反应。

直接反应即是通过亲核反应、环加成、亲电反应的方式。

间接反应则是通过臭氧与水的自由基诱发反应生成HO?。

HO?通过抽氢反应、电子转移及加成反应与大部分有机物进行复杂化学反应，从而将部分有机物矿化为CO2和H2O。

郭永怀奖学金二等奖获得者－刘芳刘芳同学是中国科学院力学研究所2006级硕博连读生，导师梁乃刚研究员。

确定材料的应力应变关系，特别是复杂加载条件下的本构关系是固体力学最基本而又困难的任务。

固体材料或结构在其服役过程中一般会经历弹性、塑性、损伤到破坏的变形阶段。

对于不同的变形阶段，涉及不同的本构理论，需要确定不同的模型参数，且不同阶段的本构理论的参数之间往往缺乏联系。

在超出弹性范围的复杂变形条件下，变形通常诱发材料的各向异性及对变形历史的依赖性，基于不变量理论的等效方法不再普遍适用。

另外，材料和结构的变形常常超出小变形的研究范围。

刘芳同学的博士论文根据材料微观物理变形机制与材料单元的力学行为研究了多晶材料的弹塑性损伤本构理论，选题具有重要的学术意义和应用前景。

论文取得的主要研究成果如下：(1) 基于微观物理变形机制的构元组集模型导出了一种弹塑性损伤本构关系。

模拟了典型材料从弹性变形、塑性变形到损伤破坏的全过程，以及材料在复杂加载条件下的变形行为与变形诱导的各向异性；(2) 研究了含预制裂纹三点弯曲梁的裂纹扩展问题，给出了应力-位移关系曲线，并从材料损伤演化的角度对结构裂纹扩展过程做出了物理解释；(3) 将构元组集模型推广到有限变形情况，建立了有限变形条件下的弹塑性损伤本构关系。

给出了迭代算法，研究了模型参数的标定过程和物理意义；(4) 研究了两种加工硬化铝合金材料在单轴拉伸、纯扭转和拉扭组合比例/非比例加载下后继屈服面和弹性常数的演化。

基于滑移构元的硬化规律和包氏效应对后继屈服面在比例和非比例加载下的演化规律进行了解释，给出了不同加载路径下后继屈服面之间的等效性质。

理论模拟为实验结果的误差来源分析提供了依据。

刘芳同学关于后继屈服面演化的研究结果已发表在International Journal of Plasticity。

硕博连读学习期间发表SCI或EI收录论文6篇，其中第一作者文章3篇。

获得一等奖学金1次，三等奖学金1次。

怎样飞得又稳又久
连云港市赣榆区门河中心小学四年级三班尚可欣创作指导老师刘芳假期里，我和爸爸在家折纸飞机玩，谁折的飞机飞的久、飞的稳，谁就是胜利者。

我细心构思，折了一架有双层机翼、装饰精美的纸飞机。

再看看爸爸，他只是折了一架最简单的纸飞机。

我不由暗自窃喜，以为自己十拿九稳会获胜。

比赛开始了，我的飞机一飞出去就一头栽在了地上；而爸爸的纸飞机却在房间里滑行了很久才轻轻的落在地上。

我很好奇，为什么会这样呢？
仔细对比这两架纸飞机，我发现爸爸折的纸飞机虽然简单，但是他始终是按照一条对称轴来对折的，这样能使纸飞机在空中飞得又稳又久。

而我折的纸飞机却是两边不对称，一松手就只能栽下去啦！
想想课堂上我学过的轴对称图形，比如飞机、蝴蝶、蜻蜓它们都是两边图形完全一样且方向相反，可以沿一条对称轴使两面完全重合，所以这样的图形可以保持平衡。

我再联想到生活中那满天飞舞的风筝，无论设计的形状是如何精美漂亮，它们其实都是按各自的对称轴来制作的。

而在天空中真正飞翔的大飞机，更是严格按照轴对称来设计的，随后再去进一步加工制造。

原来简单的事情中也蕴藏着不简单的数学知识，数学让我们的生活更加多姿多彩。

社会与经济行为研究中心教授刘芳博士
刘芳博士，苗族，1983-1987年就读中央民族学院民族学系，获学士学位; 2005年毕业于中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院民族学专业，获法学博士学位。

长期从事民族学、社会文化人类学、民族与宗教问题研究。

作者专著《枧槽高山苗——川滇黔交界处民族散杂区社会文化变迁个案研究》（2006年）获2006年中央民族大学“国家211工程”专项出版资助、云南省哲学社会科学学术著作出版专项资助。

此外，分别在《中央民族大学学报》、《广西民族研究》、《黑龙江民族丛刊》、《云南民族大学学报》、《云南行政学院学报》等核心期刊发表学术论文20余篇。

近年来，参与过1995—1997年国家94BKSO14课题，领衔两个子课题的研究工作；1998—2002年云南社科基金“九五”规划重点课题《云南社会主义精神文明基本特点》主要参与及撰写者之一，领衔子课题《宗教与社会主义精神文明建设的关系问题》；2002—2006年国家民委民族研究中心课题《中国少数民族风俗志》编写中承担《德昂族风俗志》、《景颇族风俗志》的研究撰写工作；2004—2006年中央民族大学少数民族研究中心课题“中国少数民族非物质文化遗产研究项目”中领衔子课题“景颇族历史文化遗产”研究撰写工作。

华中师范大学本科课程论文（设计）题目Death ---the Major Theme in Emily Dickinson's Poems院（系）化学学院专业英语年级09级学生姓名刘璇学号2009210371任课教师赖燕、刘芳评定成绩二O一二年一月目录1. Introduction (3)1.1 General Summary Emily Dickinson and her poems (3)1.2 Emily Dickinson's attitudes toward death (4)2. Analyse the death poems (4)2.1 Synthetical analyse the death poems (4)2.2 Analyse the poem"I heard a fly buzz---when I died" (5)2.3 Analyse the poem "Becuase I could not stop for death" (6)3. Conclusion (8)4. Bibliography (9)1. Introduction1.1 General Summary Emily Dickinson and her poemsEmily Dickinson, regarded as one of America’s greatest poets, is also well known for her unusual life of self imposed social seclusion. Living a life of simplicity and seclusion, she yet wrote poetry of great power; questioning the nature of immortality and death, with at times an almost mantric quality. Her different lifestyle created an aura; often romanticised, and frequently a source of interest and speculation. But ultimately Emily Dickinson is remembered for her unique poetry. Within short, compact phrases she expressed far-reaching ideas; amidst paradox and uncertainty her poetry has an undeniable capacity to move and provoke.Dickinson's poetry is unique and unconventional in its own way. Her poems have no titles, hence are always quoted by their first lines. In her poetry there is a particular stress patten, in which dashes are used as a musical device to create cadence and ocapital letters as a means of emphasis. The form of her poetry is more or less like that the hymns in community churches, familiar, communal, and sometimes, irregular. Dickinson's irregular or sometimes inverted sentence structure also confuses readers. However, her poetic idiom is noted for short, rarely more than twenty lines, and many of them are centered on single image or symbol and focused on one subject matter. Due to her deliberate seclusion, her poems tend to be very personal and meditative. She frequently uses personae to render the tone more familiar to reader, and personification to vivify some abstract ideas. Dickinson 's poetry, despite its ostensible form simplicity, is remarkable for its variety, subtlety and richness; and her limited private word has never confined the limitless power of her creativity and imagination.Dickinson's poem are usually based on her own experience,her sorrows and joys. But within her little lyrics Dickinson addresses those issues that concern the whole human beings ,which including religion, death, immortality, love and nature. In her love poems, one group of them treats the suffering and frustration love can cause. The other group of love poems focuses on physical aspect of desire. At the same time, her also wrote many poems about nature, in which her general skepticism about the relationship between man and nature is well-expressed. However, the most prominent theme in her poem is death.In her nearly one thousand eight hundred poems , a quarter of them have involved death. She wrote poetry of death and immortality ranging over the physical as well as the psychological and emotional aspects of death. She look at death from the point of view of both the living and the dying. She even imaging her own death , the loss of her owe body, and the journey of her soul to the unknown . Perhaps Dickinson's greatest rendering of the moment of the death is to be find in " I heard a Fly buzz - when I died - ", a poem universally considered one of her masterpieces.1.2 Emily Dickinson's attitudes to deathThe question of mental cessation at death was an overtone of many of herpoems. The imminent contingency of death, as the ultimate source of awe, wonder, and endless questions, was life's most fascinating features to Dickinson. Dickinson challenges the mysteries of death with evasion, despair, curiosity or hope in her poetry in a journey or dream and on the dividing line of life and death. One can see that Dickinson points to death as the final inevitable change. The intensity of Dickinson's curiosity about dying and her enthusiasm to learn of the dying's experience at the point of mortality is evident in her poetry. She studied the effort of the death's disappearance, on the living world; in a hope to conjecture something about the new life they are experiencing after death. From this view of point, Emily Dickinson has crossed over the death.Somebody say Dickinson is an interrogator of death and immortality and death made her beauty eternal. She regards death as a fearful destroyer and a ruthless corrupter at one hand, but at the other hand regards death as a shelter from miserable life, a particular procedure of sleep and threshold to immortality. Her ambiguity attitude toward death well embodied in her many poems. In the following pragraph, I will make a detail analysis to Dickinson's death poem.2.Analyse the death poems2.1 Synthetical analyse the death poemMany of Dickenson's poems deal explicitly with concepts of death.One group of them regard death as a fearful destroyer and a ruthless corrupter. In"Death is a dialogue between", death is a defeated enemy. Dickinson tries her hand at dramatic poetry with a conversation between Death and Spirit. In "Dust is the only secret", death is once again the enemy, who is time and time again thwarted by the mercy of Christ. Dickinson personifies and employs a list of adjectives to describe death.The other group regard death as a shelter from miserable life, a special kind of honor , which represents the bright and happy future and brings hope to humans.In "Because I could not stop for death" Dickinson personifies death as a kind stage coach driver taking its visitor, not to some ghastly abode, but toward eternity with Immortality. In "Drowning is not so pitiful" , she describe death as an eternal resting place, yet few of us are in a hurry to get there. In "So proud was she to die" Dickinson uses irony to describe the living as jealous of one who is dying. Although some may regard the dying woman in the poem as suicidal, the context indicates that the dying woman has been on the brink of death for quite some time and welcomes the end of Earthly pain.In some poems, She imagines her friends' and relatives' death, and even imagines her own death and the loss of her owe body. In "If anybody's friend be dead" Dickinson comments on the grief experienced by those who have lost loved ones. In "If I should die" Dickinson reverses the roles in "If I should die." She declares that if she dies, life goes on, and she is, therefore, relieved that those left behind will continue to experience life. The most famous poem " I heard a Fly buzz - when I died - " give us the just as the real experience of death. In the following paragraphs, I will take this poem and the poem " Because I could not stop for death" for examples to doa more in-depth analysis.2.2 Analyse the poem"I heard a fly buzz--when I died"I heard a fly buzz- when I died-The Stillness in the roomWas like the Stillness in the Air-Between the Heaves of Storm-The Eyes beside-had wrung them dry-And Breaths were gathering firmFor that last Onset-when the KingBe witnessed-in the Room-I willed my Keepsakes, Signed awayWhat portion of me beAssignable-and then it wasThere interposed a Fly-With Blue, uncertain, stumbling Buzz,Between the light -and me-And then the Windows failed- and thenI could not see to see-In the first stanza the narrator states, "I heard a Fly buzz- when I died-". An annoying fly is usually not of utmost importance when one is dying. Death is perceived as a serious time in life. Emily Dickinson sets the tone of the poem intending to shock the reader, which is what happens.The speaker describes a "Stillness in the Air-/Between the Heaves of Storm-" (3-4). Furthermore, the room quiets as the narrator and the mourners are waiting for the last breath of life to leave. The atmosphere of the room is like the calm before the storm. There are no trumpets or harps from Heaven playing, God, a higher power, or any beautiful angels to be seen. In the room there is just a quiet waiting and the pesky fly. The family of the narrator are in mourning for what is to come, "The Eyes around- had wrung them dry-" (5). The family grieves and now they are waiting, "For that last Onset-when the King/ Be witnessed-in the Room-" (7-8). In the first part of this line, the author uses an oxymoron by stating "that last Onset". Last means an "end," while the definition of onset is a "beginning." The king is a symbol of God or death. The narrator is signifying a belief in religion with the mention of the "King." The writer is affirming a belief in life after death.There is sadness in the narrator stating, "I willed my Keepsakes" (9). Making a will is the last and final way of ensuring the narrator's previously-owned possessions staying with loved ones after death. Most people fear death, the tone of the narrator is merely one of sad acceptance. At the moment of disclosing the narrator's will, "There interposed a Fly-," which means the fly once again is interrupting (12). The description of the fly changes in stanza thirteen as the narrator states, "With Blue-uncertain stumbling Buzz-," thus explaining the fly is no ordinary house fly but a metaphorical figure representing death. Writers often associate flies with death and decay. Flies also feed on rotting flesh. The blue buzz indicates a noise that is blue, which is impossible because a sound cannot be a color. However, blue is often associated with the sky, which is related to thoughts of Heaven or tranquility.The fly cuts the narrator's connection with life much like the Grim Reaper might, "And then the Windows failed- and then/I could not see to see-"(16). The narrator's eyes used in this life are now closed. The narrator could not see, but could still hear. Hearing is the last of the five senses to go before death. There are odd and disconnected feelings toward death throughout the entire poem, when in fact the narrator has been dead the entire time. Ironically, the buzz from the fly seems to be the only sign of life in the entire poem. The passage of death has an unsettling, disconnected tone but is not scary or painful.Emily Dickinson's poem "I heard a Fly buzz- when I died" is told by a narrator who uses past tense to describe the final moments of their life. The poem gives the reader an inside look into the final moments of death from someone who has already died. The fly is the central figure representing the oncoming of death. The poem is full of many metaphors and similes, such as the king mentioned in the poem who represents a belief in religion. The wording of the poem affirms Emily Dickinson's belief in life after death. The poem has a short title but is deep in meaning. Death is inevitable to all who are born, although not all deaths are disturbed by a pesky fly.“I heard a Fly buzz” employs all of Dickinson’s formal patterns: trimeter and tetrameter iambic lines (four stresses in the first and third lines of each stanza, three in the second and fourth, a pattern Dickinson follows at her most formal); rhythmic insertion of the long dash to interrupt the meter; and an ABCB rhyme scheme. Interestingly, all the rhymes before the final stanza are half-rhymes (Room/Storm, firm/Room, be/Fly), while only the rhyme in the final stanza is a full rhyme (me/see). Dickinson uses this technique to build tension; a sense of true completion comes only with the speaker’s death.2.3 Analyse the poem "Becuase I could not stop for death"Because I could not stop for Death -He kindly stopped for me -The Carriage held but just Ourselves -And Immortality.We slowly drove - He knew no hasteAnd I had put awayMy labor, and my leisure too,For His Civility -We passed the school, where Children stroveAt recess - in the Ring -We passed the Fields of Gazing Grain -We passed the Setting Sun -Or rather-He passed Us -The Dews grew quivering and chill -For only Gossamer,my Gown -My Tippet -only Tulle -We paused before a house that seemedA Swelling of the Ground -The Roof was scarcely visible -The Cornice - in the Ground -Since then - 'tis Centuries - and yetFeels shorter than the DayI first surmised the Horses'Heads Were toward Eternity -In the first stanza we find that death is personified, death has been given human attributes. Death is personified as a gentleman or a suitor calling on a young lady. This seems to say that the young lady has a date with death. This is shown in lines 1 and 2, "Because I could not stop for death, / He kindly stopped for me." The poet gives death the character traits of being kind, seen in line two. It even seems that the woman is somewhat flattered in the kind nature of her suitor.In lines 3 and 4, "The carriage held but just ourselves / And Immortality." These lines give us the impression that 'Immortality' is the chaperon for this two, the lady and the gentleman. The poem written in the 19th century shows us what the norm is; that is it would be very unbecoming for a young man and lady to be alone without a chaperone.The second stanza, line 5 "We slowly drove, he knew no haste." Death has no concept of time, this is an earthly concern. This Drive could also symbolize that the young woman is slowly dying or perhaps even is already dead and in a coffin moving slowly at the speed of a funeral procession.Lines 6 and 8, "And I had put away my labor and my leisure too, / For his civility" People are too busy with their own lives to think about death. The poet however, sets aside all her on goings to go with death. She then proceeds to comment once again on death's good manners. This is the second time that she comments on his manners. This comes as a surprise, because we often consider death as grim and is almost never welcome by human beings.In the third stanza, lines 9 through 12, the poet speaks of the things that they passed as they drove. "We passed the school, where children strove/ at recess- in the ring." This symbolizes childhood. "We passed the Fields of Gazing Grain." This could symbolize maturation just as the ripening of the grain. "We passed the setting sun" This symbolizes old age. This stanza signifies the stages of life, the progression from childhood through death. Perhaps, it could also be that she now that she is dying she is now more aware of her surroundings more than ever before. Notice how the word'passed' is repeated in the stanza. It conveys the feeling of being outside time.Fourth stanza, the speaker suggests that they did not pass the sun but rather passed them. Lines 13, "Or rather, he passed us." Once again we find that death has no concept of time. The sun indicates our earthly concept of time; at the beginning of the day, it rises and in the evening, it sets. Line 14 through 15, "The dews drew quivering and chill/ For only Gossamer, my Gown/ My Tippet-only Tulle-." According to the dictionary, gossamer is a very light thin cloth, tulle is a thin fine netting used for veils and scarves while tippet is a covering for the shoulders. The speaker says that she is getting cold, this suggests that the speaker is dead.Lines 17 through 20, "We paused before a house that seemed/ a swelling of the ground-"The roof was scarcely visible-/ The Cornice-In the ground-." The 'house' symbolizes the grave. The speaker perhaps calls it a 'house' because this is where her body will be housed or will stay for eternity. The speaker describes the 'house' as a swelling of the ground, clearly giving us a picture of a fresh burial ground. We note that the speaker does not say how long that they 'paused' at this house.The last stanza, lines 21and 22 "Since then- 'tis centuries- and yet/ feels shorter than the Day." Exaggeration is clearly used as centuries can never be longer than a day. We sometimes feel that some moments are somewhat longer than the actual time frame that they actually occur. This is what maybe the speaker experiences in her last moment in this time related world; and to her this moment seems to last forever. It is as if she gets a revelation. The final two lines, "I first surmised the horses' Heads /Were toward Eternity-." The speaker guesses that the carriage is now heading to their final destination, towards eternity."Because I Could Not Stop for Death" reveals Emily Dickinson's calm acceptance of death. It is surprising that she presents the experience as being no more frightening than receiving a gentleman caller—in this case, her fiancé(Death personified). Her description of the grave as her "house" indicates how comfortable she feels about death. There, after centuries pass, so pleasant is her new life that time seems to stand still, feeling "shorter than a Day."The overall theme of the poem seems to be that death is not to be feared since it is a natural part of the endless cycle of nature. Her view of death may also reflect her personality and religious beliefs. On the one hand, as a spinster, she was somewhat reclusive and introspective, tending to dwell on loneliness and death. On the other hand, as a Christian and a Bible reader, she was optimistic about her ultimate fate and appeared to see death as a friend.3. ConclusionDeath is one of the foremost themes in Dickinson’s poetry. No two poems have exactly the same understanding of death, however. Death is sometimes gentle, sometimes menacing, sometimes simply inevitable. In "I heard a Fly buzz–when I died–" Dickinson investigates the physical process of dying. In "Because I could not stop for Death - " she personifies death, and presents the process of dying as simply the realization that there is eternal life. In"Behind Me dips - Eternity" death is the normal state, life is but an interruption. In "My life had stood - a Loaded Gun - " the existence of death allows for the existence of life. In "Some - Work for Immortality - "death is the moment where the speaker can cash their check of good behavior for their eternal rewards. All of these varied pictures of death, however, do not truly contradict each other. Death is the ultimate unknowable, and so Dickinson circles around it, painting portraits of each of its many facets, as a way to come as close to knowing it as she can.4. Bibliography张伯香英美文学选读外国教育与研究出版社1999；517-519侯斌，丁亚丽对死亡的矛盾心理—艾米莉·狄金森之死亡诗解读宜宾学院学报第三期March．2008刘其刚困惑的心灵—对比分析艾米莉·狄金森的两首死亡诗Science & Technology Informatiom 2007年第22期Wang Xinxin The Ambiguity of death in Emily Dickinson's Poetry Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University Sep.2006 V ol.35Chen Han-ning Emily Dickinson: An Interrogator of Death and Immortality <zwwx@ >。

浅析汽车4S店售后服务毕业论文文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-浅析我国汽车4S店售后服务毕业论文毕业设计（论文）标题：浅析我国汽车4S店售后服务学生姓名：刘芳系部：汽车工程系专业：汽车技术服务与营销班级：高汽营0901班指导老师：王冰株洲职业技术学院教务处制目录摘要 I引言11、售后服务的重要性12、我国汽车4S店售后服务现状与分析12.1售后服务理念淡薄22.2质量服务体系不完善22.3标准和法规体系不完整32.4信息反馈的不重视32.5汽车零配件价格高且质量不稳定33、提高汽车4S店售后服务的对策43.1提高服务人员整体素质43.2提升服务质量53.3 规范服务标准53.4发展连锁经营开展全方面的网络服务63.5严格控制零部件的质量和成本7结论 8参考文献 (9)后记 10摘要目前，在我国汽车发展总体状况下，汽车4S店的售后服务市场有着广阔的发展空间，服务在整个4S店销售过程中的重要作用，以及售后服务对顾客满意度提高的关键作用，更没有意识到主动追求品牌形象塑造的重要性，导致目前4S店的售后服务仍然停留在维修、保养、检测上，近80％的购车者认为配件价格高的离谱，客户在维修服务过程中很被动，一些合理建议得不到应有的重视等。

当我国汽车销售不断增长的同时，汽车售后服务变得越来越重要并逐渐成为我国汽车4S店的主要利润来源。

但目前我国4S店的售后服务存在着很多问题，使得4S 店的经营模式受到强大的挑战和威胁。

关键字：汽车、售后服务、现状、对策AbstractAt present, the overall development of China's auto market conditions, the growing aftermarket, automotive 4S stores have a broad space for development, services in the 4Sstores the important role of the sales process and after-sales service to improve customer satisfaction a key role also not aware of the initiative to pursue the importance of brand image building, led to the current service 4S shops still remain in the repair, maintenance, testing, the nearly 80% of car buyers that the ridiculously high price accessories, customer service process are passive, some reasonable recommendations given due attention so. When growing in China, while car sales, car service becoming more important and gradually become the main vehicle 4S shop source of profits. However, after-sales service in China 4S shop there a lot of problems, making 4S shop business model with strong challenges and threats.Keywords: automotive, service, status, strategy引言随着我国居民生活水平的不断提高，汽车这一昔日的奢侈品目前已进入千家万户。

饮料对人体的利与弊随着饮料行业的飞速发展，饮料多元化需要将整个饮料行业带来了新的市场机遇.饮料越来越受到广大人民群众的喜爱，但是随着新闻里频频报道某或卫生不合格而倒闭。

这些消息引来了不少人的深思.饮料对人家饮料企业因涉嫌往饮料里头添加国家违禁的食品添加济类是利还是弊呢?饮料，是以水为基本原料，由不同的配方和制造工艺生产出来，供人或牲畜直接饮用的液体食品。

饮料中含有不等量的糖、酸、乳、钠、脂肪以及各种氨基酸、维生素、无机盐等营养成份，因引有一定的营养。

最早的饮料生产是谷物造酒.中国古代的酿酒技术已有相当高的水平。

还有在公元前三百五十年的中国辞书《尔雅》中有关于茶和茶树栽培的记载。

世界饮料工业从二十世纪初已有相当庞大的生产规模。

六十年代以后，饮料工业开始大规模集中生产并且高速发展。

矿泉水、碳酸饮料、果汁、蔬菜汁、奶、酒类、茶类饮料等都已形成了大规模自动化体系.饮料品种繁多，按生产工艺可分为酒精饮料和非酒精饮料两大类。

酒精饮料几乎都是以大梁、大麦、稻米等为原料，有些则是以水果为原料的调配酒和汽酒。

酒精饮料都是经发酵酿造造成或者是通过蒸馏而来的，包括各种酒、调配酒。

非酒精饮料是以水果、蔬菜、植物的根部、茎部、叶子、叶芽、花或动物的乳汁等为原料，经过压榨或浸渍抽提等方法取汁后加工而成，包括软饮料、热饮料和乳制饮料.市面上，最受人们欢迎的几种饮料分别是：碳酸饮料、果蔬饮料、功能饮料、包装饮用水、酒精饮料、茶类饮料.碳酸饮料，经过调查发现，现在大多数人称常喝碳酸饮料容易变胖.经过走访各大医院的医生我们得知,以可乐为代表，一罐两百五十毫升的可乐所含有的热量相当于吃一两个巴掌大的馒头所生成的能量和正常人散步四十分钟所消耗的能量，仅仅一罐可乐所含有的热量为一百四十四kcal,就跟一顿干所产生的热量差不多。

而且可乐中的糖分被人体吸收的速度非常快，成为脂肪的速度相当惊人.印度医生专家发现，凡是碳酸饮料消费量大的人群中，食道癌发生的几率都有增加，这意味着喝碳酸饮料跟食道癌的发病有某种必然关系。

爱的传递作文800字议论文爱的传递作文800字议论文三篇爱是一朵花，需要人人都献出温暖的阳光，甘甜的雨水与悉心的呵护;爱是一条河流，需要人人都拾出河水中的杂物与阴影;爱是一块褶褶生辉的鹅卵石，无论时间的溪水怎样冲刷，它永远光辉四射。

爱没有宝石的闪耀，因为爱是平凡的点点滴滴传递在每个温暖的人心中。

不怕艰苦的人民英雄们，为了追求人民的自由与和平，勇往直前不怕牺牲，取得了莫大的胜利，开国大典那天，当毛主席用高昂的音调宣布中华民族从此站起来的时候，举国欢庆，大街小巷游行庆贺。

还记得红军战士吗?万里长征过雪山，爬草地，饿了吃树皮，在凛冽的寒风中前行，最终，长征胜利。

为什么?什么给予他们莫大的动力。

是爱，是对一个民族，对于一个国家的热爱，爱国精神传递在每一位人民英雄心中。

她被评为烟台最美女孩，在一个昏黑的大雨天气，她与丈夫开车经过马路，天黑路滑，隐隐约约，一个女孩倒在地上，她没有来得及思考，冒着大雨救起了女孩，可自己却被来往的车辆撞倒了，女孩终于获救了，可她失去了，永远失去了自己的一条腿。

采访中，她说道：“用我的一条腿换来一条人命，值了!〞为什么，什么给予她如此的果断救助?是爱，是对一个社会的爱。

广东佛山小悦悦的悲剧不能再次上演，救人老婆婆的爱传递给了这位最美女孩，传递在每一个人心中。

人民的好女儿，人民的好公仆，她叫任长霞。

一位无私奉献，热心可亲的警花。

在任长霞分子毫不畏惧，人民大大小小的事都找她，她总会热心帮助，就这样坚持着，坚持着，直至有一天，她因公殉职了。

为什么，是什么力量使她如此坚持不懈?是爱，是对于人民的爱戴，对于工作的热爱，尽守职责，人民心中的爱早与任长霞的'爱相融于一体，鼓励着更多的人。

孟佩杰，一个平凡的名字，却有着不平凡的故事。

父亲离去，养母瘫痪，她成了家里唯一的顶梁柱，什么都还不懂的她，操办了家里的一切家务，每天她还要上学，照顾母亲，但是就这样经过数年的风风雨雨，她坚持下来了。

为什么?什么使它走过风雨，最终天晴云开见日?是爱，是对母亲，对亲人永恒的爱。