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英国人最爱的英语诗歌：死神，你莫骄傲 by John Donne（双语）

英国人最爱的英语诗歌：死神，你莫骄傲 by John Donne（双语）

死神，你莫骄傲>这首诗选自约翰-多恩的《神圣十四行诗》。

诗中说明死亡是瞬间的，而死后的欢乐则是永恒的。

死 0<死神，你莫骄傲>这首诗选自约翰-多恩的《神圣十四行诗》。

诗中说明死亡是瞬间的，而死后的欢乐则是永恒的。

死亡是我们必须面对的问题，死亡可以带走一个人的一切，但我们不必为此而感到恐惧。

约翰·多恩是英国17世纪最伟大的诗人之一,也是玄学诗派的代表人物,他的《死神,你莫骄傲》是他最杰出的玄学诗。

在《死神,你莫骄傲》这首诗中,他看透生死,体现出了一种艺术人生观,这与道家庄子笑谈生死的艺术人生观有着异曲同工之妙。

Death Be Not Proud 死神，你莫骄傲----美音版Death Be Not Proud 死神，你莫骄傲----英音版Death Be Not Proud 死神，你莫骄傲 by John Donne 约翰.多恩Death be not proud, though some have called theeMighty and dreadful, for, thou art not so,For, those, whom thou think'st, thou dost overthrow,Die not, poor death, nor yet canst thou kill me;From rest and sleep, which but thy pictures be,Much pleasure, then from thee, much more must flow,And soonest our best men with thee do go,Rest of their bones, and soul's delivery.Thou art slave to fate, chance, kings, and desperate men,And dost with poison, war, and sickness dwell,And poppy, or charms can make us sleep as well,And better than thy stroak; why swell'st thou then?One short sleep past, we wake eternally,And death shall be no more; Death, thou shalt die.死神，你莫骄傲，尽管有人说你如何强大，如何可怕，你并不是这样;你以为你把谁谁谁****了，其实，可怜的死神，他们没死;你现在也还杀不死我。

john donne

john donne

The Flea
Mark but this flea, and mark in this, 看呀，这只跳蚤，叮在这里， How little that which thou deniest me is; 你对我的拒绝多么微不足道； Me is sucked first, and now sucks thee, 它先叮我，现在又叮你， And in this flea our two bloods mingled be; 我们的血液在它体内溶和； Thou know‟st that this cannot be said贞操 你知道这是不能言说的 A sin, or a shame, or loss[wu:] 求爱 of maidenhead, 罪恶、羞耻、贞操的丢失， [„pæmpəd] Yet this 饮食过量的 enjoys before it woo, 它没有向我们请求就得到享受， And pampered swells with one blood made of two, 饱餐了我们的血滴后大腹便便， And this ,alas, is more than we would do. 这种享受我们无能企及。
还是你和我，
Our marriage bed and marriage temple is;
我们的婚床，婚姻的殿堂； ['klɔistə] Though parents grudge, and you, we are met. 寺庙 父母怨恨，你不情愿，我们还是相遇，
And cloistered in these living walls of jet.
Theme of The Flea
"The Flea," is a persuasive poem in which the speaker is attempting to establish a sexual union with his lover. However, based on the woman's rejection, the speaker twists his argument, and tries to achieve his goal through his unique way of reasoning.

John_Donne 诗歌特点+评论

John_Donne 诗歌特点+评论

characteristics (1)
❖ a tendency to psychological analysis of emotion of love and religion
❖ a penchant (“hobby”) for imagery that is novel, "unpoetical" and sometimes shocking, drawn from the commonplace (actual life) or the remote (erudite sources), including the extended metaphor of the "metaphysical conceit"
❖ form: frequently an argument (with the poet's lover; with God; with oneself)
❖ The best metaphysical poetry is honest, unconventional, and reveals the poet's sense of the complexities and contradictions of life. It is intellectual, analytical, psychological, and bold; frequently it is absorbed in thoughts of death, physical love, and religious devotion.
Famous Examples
❖ It is often grotesque and extravagant, e.g. Crashaw's comparison of Mary Magdalene's tear-filled eyes as "Two walking baths; two weeping motions / Portable and compendious oceans." Donne's comparison of his union with his lover to the draftsman's compass in "A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning" is more successful because it gives us a perception of a real but previously unsuspected similarity that is therefore enlightening.

[整理版]johndonne简介

[整理版]johndonne简介

john donne简介John DonneDonne是17世纪著名的英国诗人。

1572年生于伦敦的一个富商之家，1631 年3月31日卒于伦敦。

信仰罗马天主教。

早年曾参加埃塞克斯伯爵对西班牙的海上远征军，后成为女王大臣托马斯埃格尔顿爵士的秘书。

1615年改信英国国教，后出任教职，成为当时著名的布道者，1621年起被任命为伦敦圣保罗大教堂的教长。

人生历程：多恩生于一个罗马天主教家庭，他的母亲与壮烈牺牲的托马斯莫尔爵士(Sir Thomas Moore)沾亲。

多恩在牛津和剑桥学习过几年，然后开始学习法律，并在伦敦度过了一段世俗而耽于情欲的生活，此后他被外派到国外工作，然后和他雇主，托马斯·伊戈尔顿爵士(Sir Thomas Egerton)出身名门的侄女结了婚，从务实的角度说，这段婚姻是不明智的。

多恩的事业陷入了低谷，年轻的夫妻二人整整度过了十年悲伤而贫困的生活。

四十二岁时，经过认真的反复思考，多恩抛弃了对于家庭的忠诚，听命于英国国教教会。

直到他成为圣保罗大教堂的教长(Dean of St. Paul’s)后才有了声望，成为他那个时代最著名的牧师。

那个早先撰写爱情诗的勇敢的年轻人变成了一个忍受上帝折磨的人，时时被死亡的想法和疾病的侵袭所困扰。

他排斥那“诗歌，我少年时的情人”，转而热爱“神学，我中年时的伴侣”。

随着时间的流逝，死亡对他的困扰也越发强烈。

今天如果参观圣保罗大教堂的地下室，还可以看到多恩的塑像，这个塑像是在他生前制作的，用布单缠绕着。

生命的最后时刻降临时，多恩在床边设想了一幅图画，他被裹在尸布当中，双目紧闭，似乎死神已经来到了他的身边。

作品及手法：Donne是玄学派诗歌的创始人和主要代表人物，他的创作启迪了包括乔治赫伯特、安德鲁马维尔等一大批杰出诗人在内的所谓“玄学诗派”。

因为玄学派作品受到欧陆巴洛克风格的影响，而且选用基督教神秘主义和情色主题，玄学诗歌运用指南针、蚊子等新奇的或“没有诗感”的物体来达到惊奇的效果。

John Donne 英国文学史人物简介

John Donne 英国文学史人物简介
全人类就是一本书。每一个人都是书本中的一个篇章，当 他死去的时候，他的篇章并不是被撕掉了，而是被翻译成 了另外一种更美好的语言。且每一个篇章都是注定被如此 翻译的。
——John Donne
an English poet, satirist and priest.
Works: Songs and Sonnets:
J o h n
D o n n e
PPT:应佳秀，王作娅
S O N G
呈现：梁筱逸
Contents
1 2
John Donne Metaphysical poets
3
Song
All mankind is of one author, and is one volume; When one man dies, One chapter is not torn out of the book, But translated into a better language; And every chapter must be so translated.
Anne More
1572 1601 1615 1617 1621 1631
Hiswas wife made died Dean of Anglicanism St Paul's
a leading (and wellpoems paid) position in the Church of England
18世纪英国批评家约翰逊指出“玄学派诗人都是学 者”，他们的“才趣”在诗歌中的表现是“把截然不 同的意象结合在一起，从外表绝不相似的事物中 发现隐藏着的相似点”。 Representatives: John Donne (1572–1631) George Herbert (1593–1633) Andrew Marvell (1621–1678) Saint Robert Southwell (c. 1561–1595)

@ John Donne 约翰 邓恩

@ John Donne 约翰 邓恩

Literary characteristics
the puritan age/influence: gloom age
Poem: John Milton, metaphysical poets(玄学派诗歌) Prose: John Bunyan (约翰 班扬 )
Restoration/French influence
His works
John Donne’s masterpiece is Songs and Sonnets《歌曲与十四行诗》, among which 《歌曲与十四行诗》 The Sun Rising and The Flea are the two most famous poems.
Thank you!
Following his release, Donne had to accept a retired country life in Pyrford, Surrey. Anne bore him 12 children in 16 years of marriage. His wife died in1617, five days after giving birth to their twelfth child. Donne mourned her deeply, including writing the 17th Holy Sonnet. He never remarried，this was quite ， unusual for the time, especially as he had a large family to bring up.
Conceit (奇喻 奇喻) 奇喻
an extended metaphor with a complex logic that governs a poetic passage or entire poem. By juxtaposing, usurping and manipulating images and ideas in surprising ways, a conceit invites the reader into a more sophisticated understanding of an object of comparison.

john Donne

John Donne (1572-1631)予普通的意象以神奇的含义。

如在多恩的这首《告别辞：节哀》的结尾部分，普通的圆规的意象赋予了多重的含义。

以普通圆规的两脚那互相牵连的和分久必合的关系，奇妙地比喻了诗人离别妻子时分的复杂的心理。

而悖论(paradox)是指表面上自相矛盾，而实质上却包含着真知灼见的陈述。

在第六节中，引出的奇喻是黄金的延伸。

诗人把他们的爱情比作黄金，不同于其他金属，不会在分离的过程中破裂，只会延伸，同时，这种黄金般的爱情也是洁净缥缈的(airy)，而不是世俗的(sublunary)。

最后三节又引出一个新的久负盛名的玄学派的奇喻：以圆规的两脚来比喻分离过程中的男女双方。

这最后的三个诗节实际上分成了三个层次的寓意，第一次意思是说圆规的两脚是互相牵连的，来说明真实的分离实际上是不可能实现的；其次认为两脚分久必合，来说明分离只是暂时的；最后一层寓意是该诗中最为重要的“圆圈说”。

在诗人看来，圆是完美的象征，在圆规画出圆圈的过程中，其起点就是终点。

诗人认为，只要圆规的定脚坚定，另外一只脚才能画出完美的圆圈。

这里，定脚象征着妇女的坚贞，而这种坚贞又赋予诗人力量来完成圆圈。

这一玄学的比喻使得诗人对待妻子的充满着关切、担忧、劝诫等等复杂的心理体验和情绪都极为形象性地表现了出来。

同时，结尾部分的“圆规画圈”这一意象与开始部分的“天体运动”的意象，虽然就物体形态而言是大小两个极端，但不仅从宏观和微观两个方面揭示了情侣分离的实质，而且“完美的圆圈”与“天体的运动”首尾相贯，更是突出了玄学派诗歌的技巧，并且喻指了诗人对完美的精神境界以及美好的人生历程的企盼。

附：别离辞：节哀[英]多恩正如德高人逝世很安然，对灵魂轻轻的说一声走，悲伤的朋友们聚在旁边，有的说断气了，有的说没有。

让我们化了，一声也不作，泪浪也不翻，叹风也不兴；那是亵渎我们的欢乐——要是对俗人讲我们的爱情。

地动会带来灾害和惊恐，人们估计它干什么，要怎样，可是那些天体的震动，虽然大得多，什么也不伤。

John-Donne诗歌隐喻赏析


sublunary: below the moon,i.e.,earthly
admit: stand
• But we /by a love /so much /refin'd, • That our/selves /know not /what it is, • Inter/-assured /of the mind, • Care less, /eyes, lips, /and hands /to miss.
whisper his soul out of his mortal body and on to heaven.
• So let /us melt, /and make/ no noise, • No tear-floods, /nor sigh-tem/pests move; • 'Twere pro/fana/tion of/ our/joys • To tell /the laity /our /love.
• In 1621, he was appointed the Dean of St. Paul's Cathedral • by King James I.
• GO and catch a falling star, • 去吧，去抓一颗流星 • Get with child a mandrake root, • 去让曼德拉草的根长成婴儿 • Tell me where all past years are, • 告诉我，哪里可以找回逝去的年华 • Or who cleft the devil's foot,
A Valediction: Forbidding Mouring
As vir/tuous men/pass mildly/ away, And whi/sper to their/ souls, /to go, Whilst some/ of their /sad friends /do say, "The breath/ goes now,"/ and some /say, "No:"

john-donne-英国诗人约翰邓恩(英文版)PPT(全)全文


The Metaphysical School
• The diction is simple, and echoes the words and cadences of common speech.
• The imagery is drawn from the actual life.
• The form is frequently that of an argument with the poet’s beloved, with god, or with himself.
subtle and often outrageous logic.
• It is usually organized in the dramatic or rhetorical form of an urgent or heated argument (first drawing in the reader and then launching the argument).
Donne's first literary work, satires was written during this period . This was followed by Songs and Sonnets.
Then in 1617 Anne Donne died in giving birth to the couple's 12th child. Her death affected Donne greatly, though he continued to write, notably Holy Sonnets (1618).
Mighty and dreadful, for, thou art not soe,...

JohnDonne约翰

John Donne 约翰•多恩（1572 - 1631)诗人简介John Donne 约翰•多恩（1572 - 1631）英国诗人。

1572年生于伦敦的一个富商之家，1631 年3月31日卒于伦敦。

信仰罗马天主教。

早年曾参加埃塞克斯伯爵对西班牙的海上远征军，后成为女王大臣托马斯•埃格尔顿爵士的秘书。

1615年改信英国国教，后出任教职，成为当时著名的布道者，1621年起被任命为伦敦圣保罗大教堂的教长。

多恩是玄学派诗歌的创始人和主要代表人物，他的创作启迪了包括乔治•赫伯特(George Herbert)、安德鲁•马维尔等一大批杰出诗人在内的所谓“玄学诗派”。

作品包括爱情诗、讽刺诗、格言诗、宗教诗以及布道文等。

诗歌节奏有力，语言生动，想象奇特而大胆，常使用莎士比亚式的机智的隐喻，这些特点在他的诗集《歌与短歌》中体现得十分明显。

多恩和他开创的玄学诗派在18世纪遭到人们冷落，到了20世纪，现代派诗人叶芝、T.S.艾略特等都从多恩的诗歌中广泛汲取营养，多恩因而被看成是现代派诗歌的先驱。

约翰•多恩死后出版第一部诗集，长期受人争议，直到二十世纪才被公认为大师。

在十七世纪初期,出现了一批以奇特的比喻,口语化诗体,富于变化的格律等为主要特征的诗人,人们称之为“玄学派诗人(Metaphysical poets)”.这些诗人是一群博学多才的人.正如塞缪尔•约翰逊在The Lives of the English Poets 所描述的那样：“… the metaphysical poets were men of learning, and to show learning was their whole endeavor.”“玄学派诗人”的主要代表者是约翰•多恩(John Donne, 1572—1631), 乔治•赫伯特(George Herbert, 1593—1633), 理查德•克拉肖(Richard Crashaw, 1613?—1649) 和亨利•沃恩(Henry V augham 1621—1695)等等。

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• By killing the flea whom the poet has given such strange attributes, the woman squashes the symbolic world the man has constructed and brought them both back to reality. • By murdering the "innocent" flea, the lady has "purpled her nail," a color assigned to the clothing of royalty. She has committed the sins that destroy the union of their blood, so she triumphs.
John Donne (1572-1631)
the leading figure of the metaphysical school
Metaphysical Poetry
• The term applies to a group of 17th-century English poets who used certain common techniques and employed a few common themes. – Revolt against Elizabethan love poetry and the tradition. – Psychological analysis of emotions of love and religion. – Penchant for novel and even shocking comparisons. – Metaphysical conceit --- extended metaphor.
conceit (奇喻)
• conceit ,from the Italian concetto, “concept’ or “idea”; used in Renaissance poetry to mean a precise and detailed comparison of something more remote or abstract with something more present or concrete, and often detailed through a chain of metaphors or similes.
Stanza 2
• Not only does that reinforce his seduction argument, but it also provides ammunition for him to defend himself when the female does the next logical thing and moves to kill the flea. Donne argues that by spilling his blood and hers by killing the flea, she is practically committing murder. Not only that, but by breaking the holy bond of marriage she is committing sacrilege!
• The flea, though apparently an unlikely subject for romantic poetry, had been previously used as an amorous conceit in English poetry.
Stanza1
• In this poem, the "I" of the poem is lying in bed with his lover, and trying to get her to give her virginity to him. While lying there, he notices a flea, which has obviously bitten them both. Since the 17-century idea was of sex as a "mingling of the blood", he realizes that by mixing their bloods together in its body, the flea has done what she didn't dare to do.
• Metaphysical wit --- comparison of apparently quite dissimilar objects of concepts and the discovery that they are after all similar.
• Roughness of meter and irregular rhyme.
A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning
• Love and Compass
• Our souls are two, like the feet of twin compasses. The wife’s soul the fixed foot The husband’s soul the outer foot • The fixed foot (wife’s soul) makes no show to move, but does if the outer foot (husband’s soul) moves. When the outer foot (husband’s soul) travels far, the fixed foot (wife’s soul) should follow it and grows straight until the outer foot (husband’s soul) comes back. Wife’s attachment to husband
• Then, he argues, since the flea has done it, why shouldn't they? To back up his argument, he refers to the marriage ceremony, which states that "Man shall be joined unto his wife and they two shall be one flesh". He argues that since they have mingled their bloods and are therefore "one blood", they are practically "one flesh" and are therefore married!
• The walls of this realm are jet black, indicating that something sinister or evil is to occur here. This could be a reference to the illicit marriage, or the forbidden mixing of royal and common blood, or perhaps only the impiety of the poet's comparison that loss of innocence should be so trivial as the life of a flea.
• The flea becomes ultimately a symbol of the world in which the lovers' desires are realized, "this our marriage bed and marriage temple is." • Marriage and consummation is a past issue, since within the flea their blood is already mingled and the "child" of their union grows. • The flea is now the realm of marriage, allencompassing the lovers and excluding any parents or patriarchal sanction.
Stanza 3
• However, the flea finally is killed, and the poet is forced to change tactics. There, he argues, killing the flea was easy, and as you say it hasn't harmed us - well, yielding to me will be just as easy and painless.
• Now that this tie has been established between the blood of the woman and the flea, if the woman were to kill the flea, it would be a form of suicide. So to kill this flea, the woman would have to commit murder (of the symbolic marriage realm and the child within), suicide (killing of her own blood), and sacrilege (which suicide is).