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复--－-习(笔译)()(--)————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期:复习Uｎｉt １1.直译所谓直译,就是在译文语言条件许可时,在译文中既保持原文的内容,又保持原文的形式――特别指保持原文的比喻、形象和民族、地方色彩等。
但直译不是死译或硬译.1)But I hated Sａkaｍoto，aｎd I had a fｅeliｎg ｈe’d surely lead us ｂｏth to ｏur anｃｅstｏrs.但我恨坂本,并预感到他肯定会领着咱们去见祖先。
这里ｔo our ａnｃesｔorｓ直译成“去见祖先”，既表达了原文的内容，又保持了原文的比喻,译文也通顺。
如意译为“去送死”,虽反映了原文的内容,译文也算通顺，但失去了原文的形式,较为逊色。
2)Hitleｒwａs armed to ｔhｅｔeeth wｈen he ｌaunｃheｄｔhｅＳｅconｄWｏrｌｄWａｒ，but in a few ｙｅａｒｓ,hｅｗａｓｃoｍpletely dｅfeated.希特勒在发动第二次世界大战时是武装到牙齿的，可是不过几年,就被彻底击败了。
这里习语armed to the teｅth,形象生动，且已用得很习惯了。
如意译为“全副武装”，语气反而较弱。
3)To ｋill ｔwo ｂirｄｓwiｔh oｎe sｔone；一石二鸟Ｔo ｓhed crｏｃodｉle’s tears; 掉鳄鱼的眼泪Cｈaiｎreａｃｔiｏn; 连锁反应Gentlｅmen’ｓagｒeｅｍent；君子协定纸老虎;ｐａper ｔigeｒ2.意译每一个民族语言都有它自己的词汇、句法结构和表达方法。
当原文的思想内容与译文的表达形式有矛盾不宜采用直译法处理时,就应采用意译法。
当然,意译不是任意乱译。
意译要求译文能正确表达原文的内容,但可以不拘泥于原文的形式。
CATTI笔译必备句子范例（25）1. 我们愿意在平等互利的基础上与贵方建立贸易关系。
【英文译文】We are willing to establish business relations with you on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.2. 参与亚太经全组织对中国的影响是多方面的。
【英文译文】Our participation in APEC will influence China in several aspects.3. 参加这次即将举行的春交会的，有来自己的20个国家的代表团。
【英文译文】Trade delegations from 20 countries will take part in the forthcoming Spring Commodities Fair.4. 在国际商务活动中，支付方式有现金预付、立帐销售、汇票和信用证。
【英文译文】Payment can be made in international business with the use of cash in advance, open-account sales, bills of exchange, and letters of credit.5. 现金预付当然是收取付款的最理想的方式。
但同时对买方来说，又是一种很没有吸引力的支付条件。
【英文译文】Cash in advance is, of course, the most desirable means of receiving payment. But it is a very unattractive payment term to the buyer.6. 出口商在同经营好、信誉好且熟悉的买方进行贸易时，常使用立帐销售的方式。
它的主要优点在于简单和方便。
【英文译文】Exporters commonly use openaccount sales when transacting business with a well-established, reputable, and familiar buyer. The principal advantage of this method is its ease and convenience.7. 信用证是由买方银行开出的、承诺支付全额贷款的书面证明，其前提是信用证上所列的要求得到满足。
第三单元句子翻译2.The government intends to restructure the deposit insurance system asa new financial safety net for protecting settlement systems.政府打算重建存款保险制度，作为保护结算制度的新型金融安全网。
3.Each of these . companies is attempting to offer convenient services to customers by centering on their strong business lines.这些美国公司，每一家都突出自己具有优势的业务范围，尽全力在给顾客提供各种便利的服务。
4.Under the system of securitization of real estate, special purpose companies established by real estate firms issue shares in real estate by using the property as collateral.根据房地产证券化制度，由房地产开发公司所创立的特别目的公司，是通过以房地产作为担保物的方式来发行房地产股票的。
6.Long-term interest rates have soared almost fourfold in the past three months after the rates hit a record low in mid-June.在利率于六月中旬创下历史最低水平之后，长期利率在过去的三个月中已经飙升了几乎四倍。
7.Future prospects are dim, and analysts are uncertain when the global IT-related recession will bottom out.发展前景非常暗淡，分析家们还拿不准全球与信息技术相关的经济衰退到底何时探底。
三级笔译综合-课文翻译练习7班级：学号：姓名：电影导演虽然以虚荣自负、独断专行、唯我独尊而著称，但是，由于导演这项艺术工作的特殊性，使得他们隐身幕后。
大多数情况下，导演自身强烈的个性特征需要通过他人的面部表情和肢体语言才能表现出来。
比如，提起导演约翰·福特，在你脑海中出现的也许是演员约翰·韦恩的形象。
导演伊利亚·卡赞富有激情，不易相处，行事专断，其个性不亚于同辈中的任何人，他的形象将主要通过一批演员塑造的艺术形象而留在人们的记忆中。
卡赞先生星期天去世了，随后的电视讣告就像是一部精选的专辑，汇聚了众多体验派演艺明星。
在这里，有演过《欲望号街车》和《码头风云》马龙·白兰度，他高喊“斯特拉！”，他悄悄地对罗德·斯泰格尔说，他本来有可能是一个有力的竞争对手；有演过《伊甸园之东》的詹姆斯·狄恩，有演过《天涯何处无芳草》的华伦·比提。
英俊的年轻人，动人地演绎了一段痛苦的情感；有《娃娃新娘》里的埃里·瓦拉赫和卡尔·莫尔登，两人倾情演绎了密西西比蛇舞，其妖艳性感以及票房收入方面均难以与之抗衡。
作为一个“演员工作室”的建立者，卡赞先生在20世纪40年代后期经常穿梭于百老汇和好莱坞之间。
他把美国戏剧写实主义所表现的细腻情感及其演艺风格带到了美国电影里，也许这方面卡赞先生居功至伟。
早期电影里程式化的语言表达和优雅的动作被取代了，首创了一种吞吞吐吐、含含蓄蓄的情感演艺方式。
社会问题、委婉表达的性以及心理真实等问题成了舞台和荧屏上严肃剧的标志。
现实主义，任何艺术形式中的现实主义，都是一个带有明显欺骗性的术语。
尤其是在电影艺术中，幻想着透明地反映现实，这种幻想最为严重。
如今看来，卡赞先生的电影，反映的似乎不像生活片段，更像社会的寓言，心理的寓言，与其说质朴粗狂，还不如说夸张高调。
当然，这正是他的电影一贯的风格，也是仍然大家受欢迎的原因。
1.Since we are through with the customs formalities, we feel rather released.我们办完了海关手续，感觉如释重负。
2.Repeated failures at making experiments may be too much for many talented would-be scientists.在实验过程中屡遭失败，对于许多有天赋的将要成为科学家的人来说可能是难以承受的。
3.Despite our efforts at quality-oriented education, many teachers and parents are still keen on marks.尽管我们努力推进素质教育,许多老师和家长还是热衷于分数。
4.Rate of penetration was found to be proportional to the net pressure applied by the tool.人们发现钻孔速度与工具所受的净压力成正比。
5.They build roads, houses, bridges, ships, pipelines, and canals.他们修路、盖房、架桥、造船、铺管道、挖运河。
6.The two units used most frequently in electricity are ampere and volt: this is the unit of voltage and that ofcurrent.电学上最常用的两个单位是安培和伏特：后者是电压的单位，前者是电流的单位。
7. A new kind of aircraft—small, cheap, pilotless—is attracting increasing attention.一种新型的飞机正越来越引起人们的注意—这种飞机体积不大，价钱便宜，无人驾驶。
Chapter 11.If you 'll believe me, he went through with flying colors on examination days! He went through on that purely superficial “cram”, and got compliments too, while others, who knew a thousand times more than he, got plucked.你信也罢，不信也罢，考试那天他可是出尽了风头。
他靠一知半解的临时抱佛脚居然考及格了，还受到了表扬。
好多人比他强一千倍，反而没及格。
2.I took the news with a grain of salt. 我对这个消息半信半疑。
3. He has many hot potatoes to handle every day. 他每天要处理许多棘手的问题。
4. This hen-pecked man became on tenterhooks when his wife scolded her way into the room.妻子骂骂咧咧地闯了进来，这得了“气管炎”的男人一下子手足无措。
5. Aging and a prey to poverty and ill health, he began to look like a man with one foot in the graze.（士隐）那禁得贫病交攻，竟渐渐的露出了那下世的光景。
6. The Making of a Hero 《钢铁是怎样炼成的》7. He is easily the best student in the class. 他无疑是班上最好的学生。
8. They gave the boy the lie. 他们指责男孩说谎。
9. Her mother died of difficult labor. 她母亲死于难产。
笔译翻译练习E-C TranslationCompulsory TranslationThere was, last week, a glimmer of hope in the world food crisis. Expecting a bumper harvest, Ukraine relaxed restrictions on exports. Overnight, global wheat prices fell by 10 percent.By contrast, traders in Bangkok quote rice prices around $1,000 a ton, up from $460 two months ago.Such is the volatility of today’s markets. We do not know how high food prices might go, nor how far they could fall. But one thing is certain: We have gone from an era of plenty to one of scarcity. Experts agree that food prices are not likely to return to the levels the world had grown accustomed to any time soon.Imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day - the “bottom billion,” the poorest of the world’s p oor. Most live in Africa, and many might typically spend two-thirds of their income on food.In Liberia last week, I heard how people have stopped purchasing imported rice by the bag. Instead, they increasingly buy it by the cup, because that’s all they c an afford.Traveling though West Africa, I found good reason for optimism. In Burkina Faso, I saw a government working to import drought resistant seeds and better manage scarce water supplies, helped by nations like Brazil. In Ivory Coast, we saw a women’s cooperative running a chicken farm set up with UN funds. The project generated income - and food - for villagers in ways that can easily be replicated.Elsewhere, I saw yet another women’s group slowly expanding their local agricultural production, with UN help. Soon they will replace World Food Program rice with their own home-grown produce, sufficient to cover the needs of their school feeding program.These are home-grown, grass-roots solutions for grass-roots problems - precisely the kind of solutions that Africa needs.optionalTopic 1For a decade, metallurgists studying the hulk of the Titanic have argued that the storied ocean liner went down quickly after hitting an iceberg because the ship's builder used substandard rivets that popped their heads and let tons of icy seawater rush in. More than 1,500 people died.Now a team of scientists has moved into deeper waters, uncovering evidence in the builder's own archives of a deadly mix of great ambition and use of low-quality iron that doomed the ship, which sank 96 years ago Tuesday.The scientists found that the ship's builder, Harland and Wolff, in Belfast, struggled for years to obtain adequate supplies of rivets and riveters to build the world's three biggest ships at once: the Titanic and two sisters, Olympic and Britannic.Each required three million rivets, and shortages peaked during Titanic's construction."The board was in crisis mode," said Jennifer Hooper McCarty, a member of the team that studied the company's archive and other evidence. "It was constant stress. Every meeting it was, 'There's problems with the rivets, and we need to hire more people.' "The team collected other clues from 48 Titanic rivets, using modern tests, computer simulations, comparisons to century-old metals and careful documentation of what engineers and shipbuilders of the era considered state of the art.The scientists say the troubles began when the colossal plans forced Harland and Wolff to reach beyond its usual suppliers of rivet iron and include smaller forges, as disclosed in company and British government papers. Small forges tended to have less skill and experience.Adding to the threat, the company, in buying iron for Titanic's rivets, ordered No. 3 bar, known as "best," not No. 4, known as "best-best," the scientists found. They also discovered that shipbuilders of the day typically used No. 4 iron for anchors, chains and rivets.So the liner, whose name was meant to be synonymous with opulence, in at least one instance relied on cheap materials.The scientists argue that better rivets would have probably kept the Titanic afloat long enough for rescuers to have arrived before the icy plunge, saving hundreds of lives.C-E TranslationCompulsory Translation“中国制造”模式遭遇发展瓶颈，这种模式必须要改进和提高。
第三课1.China has joined the multilateral group controlling the export of nuclear materials and technology in an important step to bring its policies on proliferation in line with those of Western powers.2.Beijing, China's capital, has become the latest of several industrial centres to fall victim to electricity shortages, with authorities preparing to impose rolling blackouts on some 6,400 factories from yesterday until the end of August.3.The rate of increase in China's car sales slowed dramatically in June, sending the market into potentially more perilous territory for the local and multinational manufacturers that have recently committed more than $l0 billion to new capacity in the country.4.Chinese industrial output growth rebounded in August after months of decline, challenging hopes that the government is successfully engineering a smooth economic "soft landing" and fuelling speculation that Beijing will soon order an interest rate rise.5.Despite this backwardness (in the communications) -or perhaps because of it-China hopes to leapfrog into the digital era by bypassing many of the costly transitional technologies that industrial nations are now seeking to replace with more advanced digital systems.6.Today's teachers know they have to make lessons fast-moving and entertaining for children raised on television and computer games.7.China's fixed-asset investment in October was up 26.4 percent from a year earlier, down from the previous month but at a level analysts said was still high enough for Beijing to keep a tight grip on credit.8.In March, the US filed its first WTO complaint against Beijing, over what the US says is a discriminatory tax on semiconductors. With the EU about to follow the same path, China could soon be embroiled in trade disputes with two of its biggest trading partners and investors.第三课1．中国加入了控制核材料和技术出口的多国集团。
第二章：懦夫：yellow-belly凶悍的女人：dragon lady打草惊蛇：to beat about the bush亡羊补牢：To lock the stable door after thehorse has been stolen骨鲠在喉：To have a bone in one’s throat同舟共济：To be in the same boat怒发冲冠：To make one’s hair stand on end 翻天覆地：To move heaven and earth蜀犬吠日：To bark at the moon洗手不干：To wash one’s hands of食言：To eat one’s words拖后腿：To pull somebody’s leg缘木求鱼：To seek a hare in a hen’s nest挂羊头卖狗肉：Cry up wine and sell vinegar 一箭双雕：at a stone’s throw守口如瓶：Dumb as an oyster满腹文章：Have a mind crammed withknowledge胆小如鼠：As timid as a hare一丘之貉：Birds of a feather瓮中之鳖：Like a rat in a hole翻译工作坊：白色污染plastic pollution金融危机financial crisis打假to crack down on fake goods唐装tang suit性骚扰sexual harassment手机短信SMS message/text message换汤不换药old wine in new bottles守株待兔to wait for gains without pains 中国特色Chinese characteristics乡镇企业township/ rural enterprise 小康社会a well-off society国库券treasury bonds炒鱿鱼to lay off/fire/sack sb人才市场job market千年虫Y2K/millennium bug一国两制One country, two systems 下海to go into business第三产业the tertiary industry回扣kickbacks跳槽job-hopping小金库private coffer小资petty bourgeois高铁high speed trains盗版piracy商品房commercial housing形象工程vanity project知识经济knowledge-based economy 按揭home loan激情犯罪a crime of passion经济软着陆economic soft landing她有沉鱼落雁之容，闭月羞花之貌。
第三单元句子翻译2.The government intends to restructure the deposit insurance system as a new financial safety net for protecting settlement systems.政府打算重建存款保险制度，作为保护结算制度的新型金融安全网。
3.Each of these U.S. companies is attempting to offer convenient services to customers by centering on their strong business lines.这些美国公司，每一家都突出自己具有优势的业务范围，尽全力在给顾客提供各种便利的服务。
4.Under the system of securitization of real estate, special purpose companies established by real estate firms issue shares in real estate by using the property as collateral.根据房地产证券化制度，由房地产开发公司所创立的特别目的公司，是通过以房地产作为担保物的方式来发行房地产股票的。
6.Long-term interest rates have soared almost fourfold in the past three months after the rates hit a record low in mid-June.在利率于六月中旬创下历史最低水平之后，长期利率在过去的三个月中已经飙升了几乎四倍。
7.Future prospects are dim, and analysts are uncertain when the global IT-related recession will bottom out.发展前景非常暗淡，分析家们还拿不准全球与信息技术相关的经济衰退到底何时探底。
12.Reducing the number of hours of overtime may not help those workers retain their jobs, but also increase job openings.减少加班时数不仅可帮助那些工人保住自己的工作，还可以增加职位空缺。
19.An increasing number of Japanese discount stores and other retailers import and sell low-priced Japanese music CDs pressed abroad.越来越多的日本折扣店和其他零售店都在进口和销售在海外模压出来的价格低廉的日本音乐激光唱片。
第四单元2.The nationalized industries have been spoon-fed for so long that they don't care whether they give value for money, or make a profit or loss.这些国家有行业享受优厚待遇的时间太长了，它们并不在乎钱花得是否物有所值，也不知乎是盈利还是亏损。
3.The privatization of the postal savings and postal life insurance business will createa private bank and an insurance company t hat will be among the world's largest.邮政储蓄业务和邮政人寿保险业务的私有化，将创造出世界上最大的私有银行和世界上最大的保险公司。
4.Japanese companies expanding their operations into global markets are receiving marketing, language and cultural support from the firm at their new locations.正在将营运拓展到海外市场的各日本公司在接受各自新据点所带来的市场营销援助、语言援助和文化援助。
6.The mid-term economic outlook serves as a guiding principle for the government's economic and fiscal management over five years beginning in fiscal 2006.在中期所进行的经济展望可看作是自2006财政年开始的五年来，政府在经济管理和财政管理上的指导原则。
7.Many expect losses from bad loan disposals to increase drastically, leading to an inevitable downward revision of banks' business performance.许多人期盼着不良贷款处理的损失大幅度地增加，这导致各家银行的经营管理业绩不可避免地出现向下修正的结果。
8.Under the loss-sharing system, the government and an entity that would take over the management of the bank will share the losses.根据损失分摊制度，政府和接管银行管理的实体将分摊各种损失。
16.Marketing is a pervasive social activity that goes considerably beyond the selling of toothpaste, soap, and steel.营销是一种无处不在的社会活动，它远远超过牙膏肥皂或者钢铁的营销活动。
20.Before we make an offer for our new product to our customers, we must understand our product's market, distribution costs and competition.在我方就新产品向我方客户报盘之前，必须了解该产品的市场行情、销售成本以及竞争力。
第五单元2.The study group will discuss extending the depreciation period of structures such as bridges and tunnels according to their period of usability.研究小组将根据可使用的年限，讨论延长诸如桥梁和隧道等建筑的折旧年限。
3.Should the buyers have to lodge a claim against the sellers, it must be done within 30 days after the arrival of the tanker at the port of destination.若买方向卖方提出索赔，需在邮轮抵达目的港后三十日内提出。
5.We are on the look-out for the following goods and if you handle them, we shall appreciate your sampling an offer and stating the trade terms.我方正密切关注以下这些货物。
若贵公司经销这些货物，请贵公司提供报价样单，标明交易条件，我方将不胜感激。
6.As the market is firm with an upward tendency, we would suggest in your interest that you accept our offered price.由于市场坚实、行情看涨，为了贵方利益，我方建议贵方接受报价。
7.To ensure fastest delivery, you are required to forward the above order by air freight.为确保以最快的速度交货，要求贵方对上述订单用航空运货。
13.This contract can only be altered, amended or supplemented in accordance with documents signed and sealed by authorized representatives of both parties.本合同只能按双方授权代表签名盖章的文件进行修改或补充。
14.Please quote as requested in our inquiry sheet your lowest prices and state the earliest delivery date.请根据我方询价单要求，以贵方的最低价格进行报价，并说明最早的交货日期。
第六单元2.The nation's tax authorities have no authority to tax foreign corporations whose core business is not conducted in this country.这个国家的税务局没有权力对其核心业务不在本国经营的外国企业征收课税。
5.All shares constituting the authorized capital of the new corporation shall be equal in all respects, including but not limited to par value, voting and dividend rights.构成这家公司法定资本的所有股票在各个方面都应享有平等权利，包括但不仅仅限于票面价值、股东投票决策权以及股票分红权。
7.The loss rapidly ballooned since the government implemented a special creditguarantee system from October 2005 to March 2011 with relaxed screening criteria.自政府从2005年10月至2011年3月间以宽松的审查标准实施了一项特别的信用保证制度以来，所遭受的损失便如气球般急速地增大。
