2010年英语四级考试精读荟萃100篇(6)-珍视当前的生活

听力部分11. A) The man should visit the museumB) She can’t stand the hot weatherC) The beach resort is a good choiceD) She enjoys staying in Washington12. A) Her new responsibilities in the companyB) What her job prospects areC) What the customers’ feedback isD) The director’s opinion of her work13. A) Combine her training with dietingB) Repeat the training every three daysC) Avoid excessive physical trainingD) Include weightlifting in the program14. A) When she will return homeB) Whether she can go by herselfC) Whether she can travel by airD) When she will completely recover15. A) The woman knows how to deal with the policeB) The woman had been fined many times beforeC) The woman had violated traffic regulationsD) The woman is good at finding excuses16. A) Switch off the refrigerator for a whileB) Have someone repair the refrigeratorC) Ask the man to fix the refrigeratorD) Buy a refrigerator of better quality17. A) He owns a piece of land in the downtown areaB) He has got enough money to buy a houseC) He can finally do what he has dreamed ofD) He is moving into a bigger apartment18. A) She is black and blue all overB) She has to go to see a doctor]C) She stayed away from work for a few daysD) She got hurt in an accident yesterdayQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) She was a bank managerB) She was a victim of the robberyC) She was a defense lawyerD) She was a witness to the crime20. A) A tall man with dark hair and a moustacheB) A youth with a distinguishing mark on his face]C) A thirty-year-old guy wearing a light sweaterD) A medium-sized young man carrying a gun21. A) Identify the suspect from pictureB) Go upstairs to sign some documentC) Have her photo taken for their filesD) Verify the record of what she had saidQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) By reading a newspaper adB) By seeing a commercial on TVC) By listening to the morning newsD) By calling an employment service23. A) She could improve her foreign languageB) She could work close to her familyC) She could travel overseas frequentlyD) She could use her previous experiences24. A) Taking management coursesB) Teaching English at a universityC) Working as a secretaryD) Studying for a degree in French25. A) Prepare for an interview in a couple of daysB) Read the advertisement again for more detailsC) Send in a written application as soon as possibleD) Get to know the candidates on the short listQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) They cannot see the firefighters because of the smokeB) They do not realize the danger they are inC) They cannot hear the firefighters for the noiseD) They mistake the firefighters for monsters27. A) He travels all over the America to help put out firesB) He often teaches children what to do during a fireC) He teaches Spanish in a San Francisco community]D) He provides oxygen masks to children free of charge28. A) He saved the life of his brother choking on foodB) He rescued a student from a big fireC) He is very good at public speakingD) He gives informative talks to young children29. A) Firefighters play an important role in AmericaB) Kids should learn not to be afraid of monstersC) Carelessness can result in tragediesD) Informative speeches can save livesQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) To satisfy the needs of their familyB) To fully realize their potentialC) To make money for early retirementD) To gain a sense of their personal worth31. A) They may have to continue to work in old ageB) They may regret the time they wastedC) They may have nobody to depend on in the futureD) They may have fewer job opportunities32. A) Making wise use of your timeB) Enjoying yourself while you canC) Saving as much as you canD) Working hard and playing hardQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Writing keeps us in touch with other people. We write to communicate with relatives and friends. We write to 36________ our family histories so our children and grandchildren can learn and 37_________ their heritage. With computers and Internet connections in so many 38__________, colleges, and businesses, people are e-mailing friends and relatives all the time – or talking to them in writing in online 39_______ rooms. It is cheaper than calling long distance, and a lot more 40________than waiting until Sunday for the telephone 41_________ to drop. Students are e-mailing their professors to 42_________ and discuss their classroom assignments and to 43__________them. They are e-mailing classmates to discuss and collaborate on homework. 44________________________________________________________.Despite the growing importance of computers, however, there will always be a place and need for the personal letter. 45____________________________________. No matter what the content of the message, its real point is, "I want you to know that I care about you." 46_____________________________________________________, but only in the success of human relationships.选词填空What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47. The study of how genes and environment interact to influence48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the53to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture（养育）, by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning.57. By“a one-way street”(Line l, Para, l),the author means_____.A) University researchers know litter about the commercial worldB) There is little exchange between industry and academiaC）Few industrial scientists world quit to work in a universityD) Few university professors are willing to do industrial research58. The word “deterrent” (Line 3, para.1) most probably refers to something that_____.A) Keeps someone from taking actio n C) Attracts people’s attentionB) Helps to move the traffic D) Bring someone a financial burden59. What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her jod in the middle of her career?A) Flexible word hours C) Her preference for the lifestyle on campusB) Her research interests D) Prospect of academic accomplishments.60. Guy Grant chose to work as a research at Cambridge in order to_______.A) Do financially more rewarding word. C) enrich his experience in medical researchB) raise his status in the academic word D) exploit better intellectual opportunities61. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?A) Increase its graduates’ competi tiveness in the job marketB) Develop its students’ potential in researchC) Help it to obtain financial support from industryD) Gear its research towards practical applications62 William Farris study and other studies show that______A) Social life provides an effective cure for illnessB) Being sociable helps improve one’s quality of lifeC) Women benefit more than men from marriageD) Marriage contributes a great deal to longevity63 Linda Waite’s studies support the idea that________A) Order men should quit smoking to stay healthyB) Marriage can help make up for ill healthC) The married are happier than the unmarriedD) Unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life64 It can be inferred from the context that “flip side” (Line 5, para, 2) refers to ________A) The disadvantages of being marriedB) The emotional problems arising from marriageC) The responsibility of taking care of one’s familyD）The consequence of a broken marriage65 What dose the author say about social networks?A) They have effects similar to those of a marriageB) They help develop people’s community spiritC) They provide timely support for those in needD) They help relieve people of their life’s burdens66 What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A) It’s important that we develop a social network when youngB) To stay healthy,one should have a proper social network C）Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life spanD) We should share our social network with each other完形填空Over half the world's people now live incities. The latest "Global Report on HumanSettlements" says the historic change took placelast year. The report ___67____ this week from U.N. Habitat, a United Nations agency.A century ago, ___68___ than 5% of allpeople lived in cities. ___69__ the middle of thiscentury it could be 70%, or ___70___6,500,000,000 people.Already 3/4 of people in ___71___ countries live in cities. Now most urban population___72___ is in the developing world.Urbanization can __73___ to social and economic progress, but also put __74___ on cities to provide housing and __75___. The newreport says almost 200,000 people move __76__ cities and towns each day. It says worsening inequalities, __77__ by social divisions and 67. A) came on B) came offC) came over D) came out68. A) more B) otherC) less D) rather69. A) By B) ThroughC) Along D) To70. D) really B) barelyC) ever A) almost71. A) flourishing B) developC) thriving D) fertile72. A) extension B) additioD) raise C) growth73. A) keep C) turnB) lead D) refer74. A) pressure B) loadC) restraint D) weight75.A) surroundings D) communiC) concerns B) services76. A) onto B) intoC) around D) upon77. A) pulled C) drivenB) drawn D) pressed78. A) situation B) treasudifferences in ___78___, could lead to violence____79____ cities plan better.Another issue is urban sprawl. This is where cities ___80___ into rural areas,sometimes ___81__ a much faster rate than urban population growth.Sprawl is ___82___ in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent study, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the __83___ cities to smaller cities. He sees a _84__ toward "de-urbanization" across America.____85___ urban economies still provide ____86____ that rural areas do not.C) wealth D) category79. A) when B) ifC) unless D) whereas80. A) extent B) C) extendD) expand81. A) on B) withC) at D) by82. A) ordinary B) averageC)common D) frequent83. A)major B) majorC) D) 84. A) B) futureC) D) trend85. A) therefore B) thusC) but D) while86. A) B) possibilitiesC) D) qualities翻译87．___________________(为了确保他参加会议)，I called him up in advance.88．The significant museum______________(据说建成于)about a hundred years ago. 89．There would be no life on earth __________________ (没有地球独特的环境)。

2010年12月英语四级答案解析（1）选A: People instinltively seek nature in different ways.解析：问题是作者的profound belief，第一段的最后一句给出了答案，whether we know we are doing so or not（不管我们知道与否）相当于句中的instinctively（本能地）.（2）选D: Things that are purchased.解析：文中第二段最后一句给出了答案，“odd new percep tions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought”，奇怪的新观念，什么对孩子最好，能买到的东西。

（3）选B: More access to the nature makes children less likely to fall ill.解析：瑞典研究出现在文中的第四段第一句，在自然环境中玩耍的幼儿园小朋友比在运动场玩耍的小朋友少患病，身体也更健康。

很明显，B选项最符合语意。

（4）选D: are less likely to be involved in bullying解析：此题对应的是第六段的第一句，the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore，恃强凌弱的现象在孩子们感兴趣去发现的自然环境中很少发生。

因此，D选项是正确答案。

（5）选B: Provide more green spaces for them.解析：第8段最后两句，众多研究表明，与自然接触对患有多动症的孩子最有益。

虽然如此，我们还是把钱花在了药物上，而非绿化环境。

因此B选项，提供更多的绿化面积，是正确答案。

2010年9月公共英语四级考试真题及答案Section I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) 听力 1-20略Section II Use of English (15 minutes) 英语常识In 1942, the HMS Edinburgh was sunk in the Barents Sea. It was on its 21 back to Britain with ninety-one boxes of Russian gold. 22 thirty-nine years it lay there, too deep for divers to 23 . No one was allowed to explode it, either, since the bodies of sixty of the crew also lay in the 24 . Then, in 1981, an ex-diver called Jessop decided to try using new diving techniques. 25 he could not afford to finance the 26 which was going to cost four million pounds, he had to look for people who were 27 to take the risk. 28 , they were not even sure the gold was going to be there! First a Scottish diving company, then a German shipping company agreed to join in the retrieval 29 . Not long after that, Jessop 30 a fourth company to take a 31 Since the gold was the 32 of the British and the Soviet governments, they both hoped to make a 33 , too! The biggest problem was how to get 34 the gold. Fortunately, they were able to examine the Edinburgh's sister ship, the HMS Belfast, to 35 out the exact location of the bomb room, 36 the gold was stored.They knew it was to be an extremely difficult and dangerous undertaking. To reach the gold,they would have to cut a large square 37 the body of the ship, go through the empty fuel tank and down to the bomb room. After twenty-eight dives, they 38 to find the first bar. Everyone worked 39 the clock, helping to clean and stack the gold, 40 as to finish the job as quickly as possible.第21题：A．roadB．pathC．wayD．passage第22题：A．DuringB．ForC．AtD．Since第23题：A．findB．discoverC．diveD．reach第24题：A．wreckB．ruinC．relic D．waste第25题：A．Although B．Unless C．AsD．If第26题：A．research B．operation C．movement D．search第27题：A．willing B．luckly C．committed D．engaged第28题：A．All in all B．In addition C．In case D．After all第29题：A．assignment B．temptation C．attempt D．commission第30题：A．introduced B．persuaded C．associated D．stimulated第31题：A．chance B．look C．measure D．choice第32题：A．business B．estate C．obligation D．property第33题：A．profit B．benefit C．success D．welfare第34题：A．about B．around C．to D．from第35题：A．get B．take C．work D．try第36题：A．which B．where C．here D．there第37题：A．onB．in C．among D．along第38题：A．managed B．achieved C．succeededD．fulfilled第39题：A．beforeB．byC．withD．round第40题：A．thatB．muchC．farD．soSection III Reading Comprehension (60 minutes) 阅读理解ACompetition for admission to the country's top private schools has always been tough, but this year Elisabeth realized it had reached a new level. Her wake-up call came when a man called the Dalton School in Manhattan, where Elisabeth is admissions director, and inquired about the age cutoff for their kindergarten program. After providing the information, she asked about the age of his child. The man paused for an uncomfortably long time before answering. "Well, we don't have a child yet. We're trying to figure out when to conceive a child so the birthday is not a problem. "Worries are spreading from Manhattan to the rest of the country. Precise current data on private schools are unavailable, but interviews with representatives of independent schools all told the same story: an oversupply of applicants, higher rejection rates. "We have people calling us for spots two years down the road, "said Marilyn of the Seven Hills School in Cincinnati. "We have grandparents calling for pregnant daughters. " Public opinion polls indicate that Americans' No. 1 concern is education. Now that the long economic boom has given parents more disposable income, many are turning to private schools, even at price tags of well over $10,000 a year. "We're getting applicants from a broader area geographically than we ever have in the past," said Betsy of the Latin School of Chicago, which experienced a 20 percent increase in applications this year.The problem for the applicants is that while demand has increased, supply has not. "Everyyear, there are a few children who do not find places, but this year, for the first time that I knowof, there are a significant number without places," said Elisabeth.So what can parents do to give their 4-year-old an edge? Schools know there is no easy way to pick a class when children are so young. Many schools give preference to children of their graduates. Some make the choice by drawing lots. But most rely on a mix of subjective and objective measures: tests that at best identify developmental maturity and cognitive potential, interviews with parents and observation of applicants in classroom settings. They also want a diverse mix.Children may end up on a waiting list simply because their birthdays fall at the wrong time of year, or because too many applicants were boys.The worst thing a parent can do is to pressure preschoolers to perform--for example, by pushing them to read or do math exercises before they're ready. Instead, the experts say, parents should take a breath and look for alternatives. Another year in preschool may be all that's needed.41、From this text we learn that it isA．harder to make a choice between public and private schools.B．harder to go to private schools this year than before.C．more difficult to go to public schools than to private schools.D．as difficult to go to private schools this year as before.42、The sentence "We have people...down the road" ( Line 3 - 4, Paragraph 2) probably meansA．we have people calling us for parking space two years ahead of time. B．people callde us for permission to use the places two years ago.C．we received calls from people down the road two years ago.D．people called us for school vacancies two years in advance.43、The text indicates that private schools are very selective because they A．have no reliable methods to pick students for a class.B．want a good mixture of boys and girls for classes.C．encounter more demand than they can cope with.D．prefer to enroll children of their relatives.44、From the text, we can infer that the authorA．favors the idea of putting children on a waiting list.B．agrees to test preschooler's cognitive potentials.C．thinks children should be better prepared academicallyD．disapproves of the undue pressure on preschoolers.45、Which of the following can serve as a title of this text?A．Hard Time for the PreschoolersB．Prosperity of Private SchoolsC．The Problem for Public SchoolsD．Americans's No. 1 ConcernWilliam Shakespeare described old age as" second childishness"--no teeth, no eyes, no taste. In the case of taste he may, musically speaking, have been more perceptive than he realised. A paper in Neurology by Giovanni Frisoni and his colleagues at the National Centre for Research and Care of Alzheimers's Disease in Italy, shows that frontotemporal dementia can affect musical desires in ways that suggest a regression, if not to infancy ,then at least to a patient's teens. Frontotemporal dementia, a disease usually found with old people, is caused, asits namesuggests ,by damage to the front and sides of the brain. These regions are concerned with speech, and with such" higher" functions as abstract thinking and judgment. Two of such patients intrigued Dr Frisoni. One was a 68-year-old lawyer, the other a 73-year-old housewife. Both had undamaged memories, but displayed the sorts of defect associated with frontotemporal dementia--a diagnosis that was confirmed by brain scanning.About two years after he was first diagnosed, the lawyer, once a classical music lover who referred to pop music as "mere noise", started listening to the Italian pop band "883". As his com-mand of language and his emotional attachments to friends and family deteriorated, he continued to listen to the band at full volume for many hours a day. The housewife had not even had the lawyer's love of classical music, having never enjoyed music of any sort in the past. But about a year after her diagnosis she became very interested in the songs that her ll-year-old granddaughter was listening to.This kind of change in musical taste was not seen in any of the Alzheimer's patients, and thus appears to be specific to those with frontotemporal dementia. And other studies have remarked on how frontotemporal-dementia patients sometimes gain new talents. Five sufferers who developed artistic abilities are known. And in another case, one woman with the disease suddenly started composing and singing country and western songs.Dr Frisoni speculates that the illness is causing people to develop a new attitude towards novel experiences. Previous studies of novelty-seeking behaviour suggest that it is managed by the brain's right frontal lobe. A predominance of the right over the left frontal lobe, caused by damage to the latter, might thus lead to a quest for new experience. Alternatively, the damage may have affected some specific nervous system that is needed to appreciate certain kinds of music. Whether that is a gain or a loss is a different matter. As Dr Frisoni puts it in his article, there is no accounting for taste.46、The writer quotes Shakespeare mainly toA．praise the keen perception of the great English writer.B．support Dr. Frisoni's theory about a disease.C．start the discussion on a brain disease.D．show the long history of the disease.47、The word "regression" in the 1 st paragraph is best replaced by A．backward movement.B．uncontrolled inclination.C．rapid advancement.D．unexpected restoration.48、After contracting frontotemporal dementia, the 68-year-old lawyer A．became more dependent on his family.B．grew fond of classical music.C．recovered from language incompetence.D．enjoyed loud Italian popular music.49、Frontotemporal dementia is a diseaseA．identified with loss of memory.B．causing damage to certain parts of the brain.C．whose patients may develop new talents.D．whose symptoms are similar to those of Alzheimer's patients.50、Dr Frisoni attributed the patients' changing music taste toA．man's desire to seek novel experience.B．the damage to the left part of the brain.C．the shift of predominance from the right lobe to the left.D．the weakening of some part of the nervous system.Who's to blame? The trail of responsibility goes beyond poor maintenance of British railways, say industry critics. Stingy governments--both Labor and Tory--have cut down on investments in trains and rails. In the mid-1990s a Conservative government pushed through the sale of the entire subsidy-guzzling rail network. Operating franchises were parceled out among private companies and a separate firm, Railtrack, was awarded ownership of the tracks and stations. In the future, the theory ran back then, the private sector could pay for any improvements--with a little help from the state--and take the blame for any failings.Today surveys show that travelers believe privatization is one of the reasons for the railways's failures. They ask whether the pursuit of profits is compatible with guaranteeing safety. Worse, split-ting the network between companies has made coordination nearly impossible. "The railway was torn apart at privatization and the structure that was put in place was...designed, if we are honest, to maximize the proceeds to the Treasury," said Railtrack boss Gerald Corbett before resigning last month in the wake of the Hatfield crash.Generally, the contrasts with mainland Europe are stark. Over the past few decades the Germans, French and Italians have invested 50 percent more than the British in transportation infrastructure. Asa result, a web of high-speed trains now crisscross the Continent, funded by governments willing to commit state funds to major capital projects. Spain is currently planning 1,000 miles of new high-speed track. In France superfast trains already shuttle between all major cities, often on dedicated lines. And in Britain? When the Eurostar trains that link Pads, London and Brussels emerge from the Channel Tunnel onto British soil and join the crowded local network, they must slow down from 186 mph to a maximum of 100 mph--and they usually have to go even slower.For once, the government is listening. After all, commuters are voters, too. In a pre-vote spending spree, the government has committed itself to huge investment in transportation, as well as education and the public health service. Over the next 10 years; the railways should get an extra~60 billion, partly through higher subsidies to the private companies. As Blair acknowledged last month, "Britain hasbeen underinvested in and investment is central to Britain's future. " You don't have to tell the 3 million passengers who use the railways every day. Last week trains to Darlington were an hour late--and crawling at Locomotion No. 1 speeds.51、In the first paragraph, the author tries toA．trace the tragedy to its defective origin.B．remind people of Britain's glorious past.C．explain the failure of Britain's rail network.D．call for impartiality in assessing the situation.52、Travelers now believe that the root cause for failures of British railway is A．the pursuit of profit.B．its inefficient network.C．the lack of safety guarantees.D．the lack of safety guarantees.53、According to Gerald Corbett, British railway is structuredA．for the benefit of commuters.B．to the advantage of the govemment.C．for the effect of better coordination.D．as a replacement of the private system.54、Comparing British railway with those of Europe, the author thinksA．trains in Britain can run at 100 mph at least.B．Britain should build more express lines.C．rails in Britain need further privatization.D．British railway is left a long way behind.55、What does the author think of Blair's acknowledgement?A．It's too late to improve the situation quickly enough.B．It's a welcomed declaration of commitment.C．Blair should preach it to other travelers.D．Empty words can't solve the problem.No man has been more harshly judged than Machiavelli, especially in the two centuries following his death. But he has since found many able champions and the tide has turned. The prince has been termed a manual for tyrants, the effect of which has been most harmful, But were Machiavelli's doctrines really new? Did he discover them? He merely had the frankness and courage to write down what everybody was thinking and what everybody knew. He merely gives us the impressions he had received from a long and intimate intercourse with princes and the affairs of state. It was Lord Bacon who said that Machiavelli tells us what princes do, not what they ought to do. When Machiavelli takes Caesar Borgia as a model, he does not praise him as a hero at all, but merely as a prince who was capable of attaining the end in view. The life of the state was the primary object. It must be maintained. And Machiavelli has laid down the principles, based upon his study and wide experience, by whichthis may be accomplished. He wrote from the view-point of the politician-not of the moralist. What is good politics may be bad morals, and in fact, by a strange fatality, where morals and politics clash, the latter generally gets the upper hand. And will anyone contend that the principles set forth by Machiavelli in his Prince or his Discourses have entirely perished from the earth? Has diplomacy been entirely stripped of fraud and duplicity? Let anyone read the famous eighteenth chapter of The Prince:" In what Manner Princes should Keep their Faith," and he will be convinced that what was true nearly four hundred years ago, is quite as true today. Of the remaining works of Machiavelli the most important is the History of Florence written between 1521 and 1525, and dedicated to Clement VII. This book is merely a rapid review of the Middle Ages, and as part of it the history of Florence. Machiavelli's method has been criticized for adhering at times too closely to the chroniclers of his time, and at others rejecting their testimony without apparent reason, while in its details the authority of his History is often questionable. It is the straightforward, logical narrative, which always holds the interest of the reader, that is the greatest charm of the History.56、It can be inferred from the beginning of the text thatA．many people used to think highly of Machiavelli.B．Machiavelli had been very influential among the rulers.C．Machiavelli was widely read among his contemporaries.D．Machiavelli has been a target of criticism throughout history.57、Lord Bacon's remarks on Machiavelli is quoted asA．a support for the author's viewpoint.B．one of the mainstream views on him.C．a judgment in support of most critics.D．a modification of the author's previous stand.58、In the case of Caesar Borgia, the author holds thatA．Machiavelli has been objective.B．Machiavelli revealed his personality.C．Caesar Borgia was a deserved model.D．Machiavelli overvalued Caesar Borgia.59、According to the author, a politician's moralityA．is no match for his political ambition.B．has been undervalued by Machiavelli and his likes.C．is usually of secondary importance.D．should be taken as a yardstick of his capability.60、The author's opinion on Machiavelli's History of Florence is that A．history has much to do with the person who records it.B．the charm lies in the style rather than in the content.C．most people failed to read Machiavelli's intention in it.D．any history of this kind should be written in this way.阅读理解BIn the 16th and 17th centuries, two persons helped lay the foundation of modern education. Comenius, a Czech humanist, greatly influenced both educational and psycho-educational thought. He wrote texts that were based on a developmental theory and in them introduced the use of visual aids in instruction. Media and instructional research, a vital part .of contemporary educational psychology, has its origins in the writing and textbook design of Comenius. 61 ) He recommended that instruction start with the general and then move to the particular and that nothing in books be accepted unless checked by a demonstration to the senses. He taught that understanding, not memory, is the goal of instruction; that we learn best that which we have an opportunity to teach; and that parents have a role to play in the schooling of their children.The contributions of one of our many ancestors often are overlooked, yet Juan Luis Viveswrote very much as a contemporary educational psychologist might in the first part of the 16th century. 62 )He stated to teachers and others with educational responsibilities, such as those in government and commerce, that there should be an orderly presentation of the facts to be learned, and in this way he anticipated Herbart and the 19th-century psychologists. He noted that what is to be learned must be practiced, and in this way he anticipated Thorndike's Law of Exercise. He wrote on practical knowledge and the need to engage student interest, anticipating Dewey. 63 ) He wrote about individual differences and about the need to adjust instruction for all students, and anticipated the work of educational and school psychologists in the area of special education. He discussed the schools's role in moral growth, anticipating the work of Dewey, Piaget, Kohlberg, and Gilligan. He wrote about learning being dependent on self-activity, a precursor to contemporary research on meta-cognition, where the ways in which the self monitors its own activties are studied, Finally,64) Vives anticipated both the contemporary motivational theorists who avoid social comparisons and those researchers who find the harmful elements of norm-referenced testing to outweigh their advantages, by writing about the need for students to be evaluated on the basis of their own past accomplishments and not in comparison with other students. 65) Thus, long before we claimed our professional identity, there were individuals thinking intelligently about what we would eventually call educational psychology, preparing the way for the scientific stud), of education.61、____________________________________________________________________62、____________________________________________________________________63、____________________________________________________________________64、____________________________________________________________________65、____________________________________________________________________写作Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay on it. In your essay, you should(1) describe the cartoon briefly,(2) analyze this situation, and(3) give your comments.You should write 160 - 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.参考答案及精析部分听力理解1～20略第二部分英语知识运用参考译文1942年，“英国皇家海军爱丁堡号”巡洋舰在巴伦支海沉没。

Passage Two (Europe’s Gypsies, Are They a Nation?) The striving of countries in Central Europe to enter the European Union may offer an unprecedented chance to the continent’s Gypsies (or Roman) to be recognized as a nation, albeit one without a defined territory. And if they were to achieve that they might even seek some kind of formal place—at least a total population outnumbers that of many of the Union’s present and future countries. Some experts put the figure at 4m-plus; some proponents of Gypsy rights go as high as 15m.考试⼤论坛 Unlike Jews, Gypsies have had no known ancestral land to hark back to. Though their language is related to Hindi, their territorial origins are misty. Romanian peasants held them to be born on the moon. Other Europeans (wrongly) thought them migrant Egyptians, hence the derivative Gypsy. Most probably they were itinerant metal workers and entertainers who drifted west from India in the 7th century. However, since communism in Central Europe collapsed a decade ago, the notion of Romanestan as a landless nation founded on Gypsy culture has gained ground. The International Romany Union, which says it stands for 10m Gypsies in more than 30 countries, is fostering the idea of “self-rallying”. It is trying to promote a standard and written form of the language; it waves a Gypsy flag (green with a wheel) when it lobbies in such places as the United Bations; and in July it held a congress in Prague, The Czech capital. Where President Vaclav Havel said that Gypsies in his own country and elsewhere should have a better deal. At the congress a Slovak-born lawyer, Emil Scuka, was elected president of the International Tomany Union. Later this month a group of elected Gypsy politicians, including members of parliament, mayors and local councilors from all over Europe (OSCE), to discuss how to persuade more Gypsies to get involved in politics. The International Romany Union is probably the most representative of the outfits that speak for Gypsies, but that is not saying a lot. Of the several hundred delegates who gathered at its congress, few were democratically elected; oddly, none came from Hungary, whose Gypsies are perhaps the world’s best organized, with some 450 Gypsy bodies advising local councils there. The union did, however, announce its ambition to set up a parliament, but how it would actually be elected was left undecided. So far, the European Commission is wary of encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation. The might, it is feared, open a Pandora’s box already containing Basques, Corsicans and other awkward peoples. Besides, acknowledging Gypsies as a nation might backfire, just when several countries, particularly Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic, are beginning to treat them better, in order to qualify for EU membership. “The EU’s whole premise is to overcome differences, not to highlight them,” says a nervous Eurocrat. But the idea that the Gypsies should win some kind of special recognition as Europe’s largest continent wide minority, and one with a terrible history of persecution, is catching on . Gypsies have suffered many pogroms over the centuries. In Romania, the country that still has the largest number of them (more than 1m), in the 19th century they were actually enslaved. Hitler tried to wipe them out, along with the Jews. “Gypsies deserve some space within European structures,” says Jan Marinus Wiersma, a Dutchman in the European Parliament who suggests that one of the current commissioners should be responsible for Gypsy affairs. Some prominent Gypsies say they should be more directly represented, perhaps with a quota in the European Parliament. That, they argue, might give them a boost. There are moves afoot to help them to get money for, among other things, a Gypsy university. One big snag is that Europe’s Gypsies are, in fact, extremely heterogeneous. They belong to many different, and often antagonistic, clans and tribes, with no common language or religion, Their self-proclaimed leaders have often proved quarrelsome and corrupt. Still, says, Dimitrina Petrova, head of the European Roma Rights Center in Budapest, Gypsies’shared experience of suffering entitles them to talk of one nation; their potential unity, she says, stems from “being regarded as sub-human by most majorities in Europe.” And they have begun to be a bit more pragmatic. In Slovakia and Bulgaria, for instance, Gypsy political parties are trying to form electoral blocks that could win seats in parliament. In Macedonia, a Gypsy party already has some—and even runs a municipality. Nicholas Gheorge, an expert on Gypsy affairs at the OSCE, reckons that, spread over Central Europe, there are now about 20 Gypsy MPS and mayors, 400-odd local councilors, and a growing number of businessmen and intellectuals. That is far from saying that they have the people or the cash to forge a nation. But, with the Gypsy question on the EU’s agenda in Central Europe, they are making ground. 1. The Best Title of this passage is [A]. Gypsies Want to Form a Nation. [B]. Are They a Nation. [C]. EU Is Afraid of Their Growth. [C]. They Are a Tribe 2. Where are the most probable Gypsy territory origins? [A]. Most probably they drifted west from India in the 7th century. [B]. They are scattered everywhere in the world. [C]. Probably, they stemmed from Central Europe. [D]. They probably came from the International Romany Union. 3. What does the International Romany lobby for?来源： [A]. It lobbies for a demand to be accepted by such international organizations as EU and UN. [B]. It lobbies for a post in any international Romany Union. [C]. It lobbies for the right as a nation. [D]. It lobbies for a place in such international organizations as the EU or UN. 4. Why is the Europe Commission wary of encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation? [A]. It may open a Pandora’s Box. [B]. Encouragement may lead to some unexpected results. [C]. It fears that the Basgnes, Corsicans and other nations seeking separation may raise the same demand. [D]. Gyspsies’ demand may highlight the difference in the EU. 5. The big problem lies in the fact that [A]. Gypsies belong to different and antagonistic clans and tribes without a common language or religion. [B]. Their leaders prove corrupt. [C]. Their potential unity stems from “being regarded as sub-human”. [D]. They are a bit more pragmatic.。

新东方英语100短文精度The bride and groom, a guitar-wielding rock vixen and a muscle-rippling dragon-slayer, make an odd couple—so it is hardly surprising that nobody expected their marriage. But on December 2nd the video-game companies behind “Guitar Hero” and “World of Warcraft”, Activision and Vivendi Games respectively, announced plans for an elaborate merger. Vivendi, a French media group, will pool its games unit, plus $1.7 billion in cash, with Activision; the combined entity will then offer to buy back shares from Activision shareholders, raising Vivendi's stake in the resulting firm to as much as 68%.Activision's boss, Bobby Kotick, will remain at the helm of the new company, to be known as Activision Blizzard in recognition of Vivendi's main gaming asset: its subsidiary Blizzard Entertainment, the firm behind “World of Warcraft”, an online swords-and-sorcery game with 9.3m subscribers.The deal was unexpected, but makes excellent strategic sense, says Piers Harding-Rolls of Screen Digest, a consultancy. Activision has long coveted “World of Warcraft”, and Vivendi gets a bigger games division and Activ ision's talented management team to run it. As well as making sense for both parties, the $18.9 billion deal—the biggest ever in the video-games industry—says a lot about the trends now shaping the business.The first is a push into new markets, especially online multiplayer games, which are particularly popular in Asia, and “casual” games that appeal to people who do not regard themselves as gamers. “World of Warcraft” is the world's most popular online subscription-based game and is hugely lucrative. Blizzard will have revenues of $1.1 billion this year and operating profits of $520m. “World of Warcraft” is really “a social network with many entertainment components,” says Mr Kotick.Similarly, he argues, “Guitar Hero” and other games that use new kinds of controller, rather than the usual buttons and joysticks, are broadening the appeal of gaming by emphasising its social aspects, since they are easy to pick up and can be played with friends. Social gamin g, says Mr Kotick, is “the most powerful trend” building new audiences for the industry. He is clearly excited at the prospect of using Blizzard's expertise to launch an online version of “Guitar Hero” for Asian markets. Online music games such as “Auditio n Online”, which started in South Korea, are “massive in Asia,” says Mr Harding-Rolls.A second trend is media groups' increasing interest in gaming. Vivendi owns Universal Music, one of the “big four” record labels. As the record industry's sales decline, it makes sense to move into gaming, a younger, faster-growing medium with plenty ofcross-marketing opportunities. (Activision might raid Universal's back catalogue for material for its music games, for example, which might in turn boost music sales.) Other media groups are going the same way. Last year Viacom, an American media giant,ac quired Harmonix, the company that originally created “Guitar Hero”. It has been promoting its new game, “Rock Band”, using its MTV music channel. Viacom has also created online virtual worlds that tie in with several of its television programmes, such as “Laguna Beach” and “Pimp My Ride”. Disney bought Club Penguin, a virtual world for children, in August. And Time Warner is involved in gaming via its Warner Bros Home Entertainment division, which publishes its own titles and last month bought TT Games, the British firm behind the “Lego Star Wars” games.1. The merger of these two companies are out of expection because_____[A] they aim to design marriage games which sound really weird.[B] it is difficult for big companies of two different nations to end up in successful cooperation.[C] their games are by no means similar to each other in terms of their styles.[D] it would be illegal for them to buy back the shares.2. Why Piers Harding-Rolls thinks this marriage has strategic sense?[A] Activision has been longing to cooperate with “World of Warcraft”.[B] Vivendi could get bigger portion and better management resources from Activision.[C] This deal is beneficial to both sides for they can combine their talents to make various games.[D] This deal make them become decisive factor of this industry‟s trend in the future.3. The word “lucrative” (Line 3, Paragraph 3) most probably means_____[A] profitable.[B] luxurious.[C] entertaining.[D] populous.4. The first trend shaping the industry is _____[A] pushing people online to develop their own games.[B] building new audiences for the new network of games.[C] promoting games with new kinds of controller.[D] expanding the reign of traditional games and creating new market.5.From the two trends we can infer that_____[A] this merger is a great success because it goes along with both trends.[B] this deal can strengthen both parties to surpass the other media giants.[C] this allied group is powerful enough to shape the industry‟s trends.[D] it is indeed of strategic sense to have initiate and carry out the merger篇章剖析：本篇文章讲述了两个游戏公司Activision和Vivendi的“联姻”。

Passage One (Clinton Is Right)President Clinton‘s decision on Apr.8 to send Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji packing without an agreement on China‘s entry into the World Trade Organization seemed to be a massive miscalculation. The President took a drubbing from much of the press, which had breathlessly reported that a deal was in the bag. The Cabinet and Whit House still appeared divided, and business leaders were characterized as furious over the lost opportunity. Zhu charged that Clinton lacked ―the courage‖ to reach an accord. And when Clinton later telephoned the angry Zhu to pledge a renewed effort at negotiations, the gesture was widely portrayed as a flip-flop.In fact, Clinton made the right decision in holding out for a better WTO deal. A lot more horse trading is needed before a final agreement can be reached. And without the Administration‘s goal of a ―bullet-proof agreement‖ that business lobbyists can enthusiastically sell to a Republican Congress, the whole process will end up in partisan acrimony that could harm relations with China for years.THE HARD PART. Many business lobbyists, while disappointed that the deal was not closed, agree that better terms can still be had. And Treasury Secretary Robert E. Rubin, National Economic Council Director Gene B. Sperling, Commerce Secretary William M. Daley, and top trade negotiator Charlene Barshefsky all advised Clinton that while the Chinese had made a remarkable number of concessions, ―we‘re not there yet,‖ according to senior officials. Negotiating with Zhu over the remaining issues may be the easy part. Although Clinton can signal U.S. approval for China‘s entry into the WTO himself, he needs Congress to grant Beijing permanent most-favored-nation status as part of a broad trade accord. And the temptation for meddling on Capital Hill may prove over-whelming. Zhu had barely landed before Senate Majority Leader Trent Lott (R-Miss) declared himself skeptical that China deserved entry into the WTO. And Senators Jesse A. Helms (R-N.C.) and Emest F. Hollings (D-S. C.) promised to introduce a bill requiring congressional approval of any deal.The hidden message from these three textile-state Southerners: Get more protection for the U. S. clothing industry. Hoping to smooth the way, the Administration tried, but failed, to budge Zhu on textiles. Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, and Detroit. Zhu refused to open up much of the lucrative Chinese securities market and insisted on ―cultural‖ restrictions on American movies and music. He also blocked efforts to allow U. S. auto makers to provide fleet financing. BIG JOB. Already, business lobbyists are blanketing Capitol Hill to presale any eventual agreement, but what they‘ve heard so far isn‘t encouraging. Republicans, including Lott, say that ―the time just isn‘t right‖ for the deal. Translation: We‘re determined to make it look as if Clinton has capitulated to the Chinese and is ignoring human, religious, and labor rights violations; the theft of nuclear-weapons technology; and the sale of missile parts to America‘s enemies. Beijing‘s fierce critics within the Democratic Party, such as Senator Paul D. Wellstone of Minnesota and House Minority leader Richard A. Gephardt of Missouri, won‘t help, either.Just how tough the lobbying job on Capitol Hill will be become clear on Apr. 20, when Rubin lectured 19chief executives on the need to discipline their Republican allies. With business and the White House still trading charges over who is responsible for the defeat of fast-track trade negotiating legislation in 1997, working together won‘t be easy. And Republicans—with a wink—say that they‘ll eventually embrace China‘s entry into the WTO as a favor to Corporate America. Though not long before they torture Clinton. But Zhu is out on a limb, and if Congress overdoes the criticism, he may be forced by domestic critics to renege. Business must make thismuch dear to both its GOP allies and the Whit House: This historic deal is too important to risk losing to any more partisan squabbling1. The main idea of this passage is[A]. The Contradiction between the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.[B]. On China‘s entry into WTO.[C]. Clinton was right.[D]. Business Lobbyists Control Capitol Hill.2. What does the sentence ―Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, Detroit‖ convey?[A]. Premier Zhu rejected their requirements.[B]. The three places overdid criticism.[C]. They wanted more protection.[D]. They are in trouble.3. What was the attitude of the Republican Party toward China‘s entry into the WTO?[A]. Contradictory. [B].Appreciative.[C]. Disapproving. [D]. Detestful.4. Who plays the leading part in the deal in America?[A]. White House . [B]. Republicans.[C]. The Democratic Party. [D]. Businessmen.5. It can be inferred from the passage that[A]. America will make concessions.[B]. America will hold out for a better WTO[C]. Clinton has the right to signal U. S. approval for China‘s entry.[D]. Democratic party approve China‘s entry into the WTO.答案祥解1. C. 总统是对的。

2010年6月大学英语四级考试答案及解析作文参考(A)Nowadays, students attach less importance to the spelling of words in the process of English study. This phenomenon greatly influences students’ writing and brings on worries among teachers.There are possibly three reasons contributing to this phenomenon. First, exam-oriented education makes the students pay less attention to spelling. Second, some teachers should also be responsible for it because they don’t emphasize the importance of spelling during teaching. Last but not least, some students are too lazy to recite words.Since spelling is one of the most important factors in English study, due attention should be given to it. As for me, I think, first, exams should be modified to add some factors into it, which would help students pay more attention to spelling. Then, schools should also set effective mechanisms to help teachers as well as the students to realize the importance. Finally, for students themselves, they can, through other ways, make them be interested in word spelling. Only by these can we surly realize the importance of spelling and make improvement.(B)What is hot for 2010 in our colleges? It is the spelling mistakes. Countless students lack due attention to spelling. Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list, the one may be “challenge”. Freshman and sophomore almost write this word as “challenge”. How careless they are!Why such a phenomenon sweeps every university? Some experts attribute it to students’ inattention, because students always pay no attention to spelling. However, other experts argue, the teachers should be blamed for this situation. In my opinion, it is far beyond any reasonable doubt that both of them should exert themselves to change the spelling mistakes.As far as I’m concerned, I firmly argue that we need to attach great importance to word-spelling. To the students, they should write English as much as they can. Meanwhile, to the teachers, the dictations should be reinforced in the class.快速阅读1. A) her daughers' repeated complains根据第一段最后一句”but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem.” 直到她的四个女儿不停的抱怨，她才意识到自己出了问题。

生活需要游戏，但不能游戏人生；生活需要歌舞，但不需醉生梦死；生活需要艺术，但不能投机取巧；生活需要勇气，但不能鲁莽蛮干；生活需要重复，但不能重蹈覆辙。

-----无名2010年6月大学英语四级试题及答案一.写作部分（9：00－9：30）Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter of Apology according to the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1.娱乐活动多种多样2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性3.作为大学生，我的看法。

二.快速阅读（9：30－9：45）Media Selection for AdvertisementsAfter determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home. Internet, and direct mail.TelevisionTelevision is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? you can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication.But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.Television's influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance.is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous(具有共同特点的) than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an increase in thesheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.Newspaper?After television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually, ii m increased its national circulation (发行量) by 40% and is now available for home delivery in ion ciues. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and provide a way for advertisers to communicate a longer. more detailed message to their audience than they can through 48 hours,meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the massage out.Newspapers are ofen the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local reader.RadioAdvertising on radio continues to grow Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor bill-boards (广告牌) and ihe Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeal their ads often. Internet companies are also turning 10 radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day.Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.Two major changes—satellite and Internet radio—will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.MagazinesNewsweeklies, women’s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high-end market, magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous, if you read sports illustrated, for example, you have much in common with the magazine’s other readers. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.Advertiser using the print media-magazines and newspapers-will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers, these second. Advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number ofmagazines will entertain narrower audiences.Out-of-home advertisingOut-of-home advertising. Also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out-of-home advertising effective, technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past.Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety in the types of messages they create because they. Can change their messages more quickly.InternetAs consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers Is to create ads that audience members remember.Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations' advertising in the near ftuture. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.Direct mailA final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client's message Direct mail includes newsletters. postcards and special promotions. Direct mail is an effective way to build relationships with consumers.For many businesses.direct mail is the most effective from of advertising.1. Television is an attractive advertising medium in that_____________.A) it has large audiencesB) it appeals to housewivesC) it helps build up a company's reputationD) it is affordable to most advertiser2. With the increase in the number of TV channels_________.A) the cost of TV advertising has decreasedB) the nuiflber of TV viewers has increasedC) advertisers' interest in other media has decreasedD) the number of TV ads people can see has increasedpared with television, newspapers as an advertising medium_________________.A) earn a larger annual ad revenueB) convey more detailed messagesC) use more production techniquesD) get messages out more effectively4.Advertising on radio continues to grow because ___________.A) more local radio stations have been set upB) modern technology makes it more entertainingC) it provides easy access to consumersD) it has been revolutionized by Internet radio.5.Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to___________.A) reach target audiencesB) modern technology makes it more entertaining C) appeal to educated people.D) convey all kinds of messages6.Oui-of-home advertising has become more effective because_______A) billboards can be replaced within two hoursB) consumers travel more now ever beforeC) such ads have been made much more attractiveD) the pace of urban life is much faster nowadays7. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that are___________.A) quick to updateB) pleasant to look atC) easy to rememberD) convenient to access8. Internet advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach audiences that tend to be_____________9.Direct mail is an effecitive form of advertising for businesses to develop_________________________10.This passage discusses how advertisers select________________for advertisements.注意：收答题卡一作文和快速阅读部分（9：45－10：00）三.听力部分（10：00－10：35）Section C注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2010年6月大学英语四级范文背诵50篇(01)COLLEGE STUDENTS SHOULD ATTEND PHYSICAL EXERCISEPhysical exercise is a necessary part of college life.However,still some college students do not like to attend sports activities,they think those activities waste their time and influence their study.Indeed,it is very unwise for college students to keep distance from physical exercise because physical exercise is not harmful but good to them.College students can benefit a lot from physical exercise.First of all,attending physical sports can help students build a strong body,and keep abounding energy.Moreover,physical exercise is an effective way to relief pressure and keep a pleasant move.Besides,by attending physical activities,students can have chances to contact and communicate with others which can help them improve their social skills.Nowadays,all colleges and universities have provided many sports facilities for students to do physical exercises,students can chose freely according to their interests and needs.As for me,I am keen on all kinds of ball games,especially football and basketball.From these games,I have gained a lot,and enjoined great pleasure.To conclude,physical exercise is beneficial to every college students,and therefore do not hesitate to attend sports activities.2010年6月大学英语四级范文背诵50篇(02)Online gamesAs a product of modern computer and the Internet,online games have become very popular among college students.Many students have enjoyed great pleasure and satisfaction from these games.But as we see,some students lacking self discipline on too much indulge in these games. So that their health and academic performances are affected.This phenomenon has caused much worry from the teachers and parents.However,some others argue that online games are not always harmful.They can train their ability of youngsters to respond to things quickly.Moreover,they can stimulate their imagination and their interest in computer science.More importantly,it does bring college students much pleasure and release their pressure greatly.Form my point of view,online games are wonderful entertainment if you play them in a clever way.When they interfere too much with your study,it is better for you to give them up at once,but if you have enough self control over them,you can certainly obtain real pleasure and benefit a lot from them.2010年6月大学英语四级范文背诵50篇(03)Certificates Craze on CampusIn recent years,to get a certificate has become a new craze among college students.Justrandomly,ask a student on campus what he or she is busy doing,quite possibly,you may get the answer that he or she is preparing for a certificate of some kind.Why does this craze appear?There are two mainly reasons behind this phenomenon.First,it is the employments pressure that forces college students to get more certificates.With the admission expansion of colleges,a large more graduates have to face the fierce competition in the job markets.How can one make himself more competitive,more certificates at hands maybe. Second,the diplomas and certificates are still important standard by which many employers measure a person’s ability in order to increase qualification for a job,the students compel themselves to run from one exam to another.Form my point of view,we should be more rational when it comes to certificates,since certificates do not necessarily prove one’s ability,being crazy in getting certificates blindly.It is nothing but wasting time.To conclude,we should focus on improving our ability but not getting a certificate of no practical value.2010年6月大学英语四级范文背诵50篇(04)How to deal with peer pressure?College students are often obsessed by peer pressure from their classmates or schoolmates. Facing others’hard work and good performance in academic and other aspects,many students feel great pressure.Then,how to deal with this kind of peer pressure?The following measures can be taken.First,you should take a careful look at your present level and set a practical object.You needn’t always compare yourselves with those on the top and just make your efforts towards your object.Second,under peer pressure,you shouldn’t feel discouraged and pressed.Instead,you should make it your motivation for harder work.Finally,if you find pressure is nearly beyond your control,you’d better turn to professional psychological guidance.As a college student,I have no way to avoid peer pressure,so I try to figure out the way to do with it well.I set my own goal,including my practical level and my position among the peers. Because of my focus on my own goal,I have no time and energy to think about the pressure.So I’m little troubled by it.To conclude,we should not escape from peer pressure,but learn to make best use of it,since it can hardly be avoided.2010年6月大学英语四级范文背诵50篇(05)Should college students be tutors?Nowadays there are more and more provided tutors among college students.Some students even take a few tutor jobs at the same time.People have different opinions about this phenomenon.Some people believe college students can benefit a lot from being tutors.On the one hand they can earn some money and lessen the burden on their family.On the other hand they can have chances to apply their knowledge to the solution to the practical problems.However still others object to college students being a tutor.They think that a student should focus on his study instead of doing a part-time job.If they spend too much time on teaching,they will not have enough time to study,and naturally their academic performance will be affected.In the two arguments,I’m in favor of the former one.In my opinion,to be a tutor is a good practical activity for us college students,from which we can gain practical experience and skills. But it is worth noting that we cannot spend too much time in being tutors.We should balance the relationship between the tutor job and study.2010年6月大学英语四级范文背诵50篇(06)Welcome to the camera clubWelcome to the camera club.With the sponsor of the student’s union,the camera club has been set and served all the students for15years.Many wonderful activities are organized and arranged in our club.As is expected by all,the training on how to make the best use of the camera to provide a wonderful picture is open to all new members.Besides we will organize traveling activities at times,during which the participants have the chance to show the pictures,as well as enjoy beautiful scenery.In addition,photo contests will be held is the opportunities to show your progress.We have good reasons to believe that all these activities are quite beneficial to both your study and life,not only can they help you improve your camera technique,but also enrich your college life greatly.Moreover by participating in the traveling activities and photo contests,you can be close to the nature and broaden your views.Anyone who is interested in photography welcome warmly.What you need to do is just to call us at62514479or email us at cameraclub@.Looking forward to your participation.2010年6月大学英语四级范文背诵50篇(07)Extravagant spending on college campusAccording to a survey,in recent years,the monthly expenditure of a college student has been on the sharp rise.Many college students spend money like water and have no concept of thrift in their mind.They take it for granted that they spend money from their parents before they enterinto society.This extravagant spending is mainly causd by the following factors:First of all,nowadays, most students are the only children of their families.They are the apple in their family's eyes and naturally get more care and pocket money.Secondly,with the improvement of living standards, parents can afford higher expenditures of their children.Thirdly,some students like to pursue fashion and trends,which tends to need more money.Finally,campus love is also a possible factor causing extravagant spending.Form my point of view,a college student as a pure consumer should learn to be thrifty we should limit our expenditure on barely necessities but not buy whatever we want,regardless of their prices.The habit of thrift can help us form right values and is favorable to our future development.2010年6月大学英语四级范文背诵50篇(08)A quarrel in the dormitoryWeeks ago I witnessed the quarrel between my two roommates.It shocked me the two good friends fired out just for a very trifling matter.It was in the morning at weekend when I was washing my face in the bathroom.Suddenly I heard Ann and Sue shouting at each other.I hurried to come out to see what happened.It turned out that the noise of Sue’s closing the door waked Ann, whose bed is just beside the door.Ann thought Sue deliberately closed the door heavily.Sue didn’t have made her fault and said Ann was making trouble out of nothing.So their argument became ambits of quarrel.Though later they stopped quarreling under our persuasion,neither of them would like apologize to the other.Such a quarrel leaves me to think a lot about dormitory harmony.If either Ann or Sue can be a little tolerant or take a better way to express herself,this quarrel,I think,can be avoided easily.It is no doubt that a harmony dormitory life benefits all the members.But it needs our common efforts to build it.2010年6月大学英语四级范文背诵50篇(09)Students’Pursuit for Famous BrandsNowadays many college students like to pursue famous brands.From clothes to mobile phones,even study articles like electronic dictionaries and pens,they are inclined to buy famous brands.Moreover,many students from poor families begin to follow this consumption trend as well.This phenomenon has aroused wide attention.The following reasons can account for college students’preference for famous brands.Above all,in many college students’eyes,a famous brand is a symbol of sophistication and taste.They expect others to admire their high class and good taste.What’s more,in modern society,famous brands to some extent are equal to fashion,which has a great attraction to young college students.Besides,parents’spoiling their children helps form their bad consumption habit.As far as I am concerned,it is irrational for college students to pursue famous brands.After all,most of famous brands are far beyond their consumption ability.Besides,it is not famous brands but a person’s noble character that really makes him high class.Therefore,college students should attach more importance to cultivating a good character rather than pursuing famous brands.2010年6月大学英语四级范文背诵50篇(10)How should college students relieve pressure?Today’s college students face many pressures,mainly from parents’expectation,study, economy,employment and all kinds of competition.Although pressure,to some extent,can provide motivation,overdue pressure has a serious negative affect.Pressure can destroy a student’s confidence.More seriously it might make some students lose control of their emotions and behaviors.Considering the great damage of overdue pressure,college students should learn how to relieve pressure.First,we should have a right evaluation of ourselves,so it’s to make use of advantages and avoid disadvantages.Second,we should set a clear aim of struggle.The aim can give us motivation and make us become active.Third,attending collective activities is an effective way to relieve pressure.Finally,if you find pressure is nearly beyond your control,you’d better turn to professional psychological guidance.As to me,my pressure is mainly from future employment.In order to reduce upset,I ask my parents to help me analyze my advantages and disadvantages and produce more practical job objection.So my employment pressure has been relieved greatly.Now I become very confident in my future,and I do believe I can get an ideal job after my graduation.2010年6月大学英语四级范文背诵50篇(11)The university’s branch campuses in suburban areasIn recent years more and more universities have built up their branch campuses in suburban areas.Now it is very difficult to find a university without a branch campus.Maybe no one can tell clearly when the first branch campus came out.But the reasons behind this phenomenon are obvious.Among these reasons,the enrollment expansion of universities plays a very vital role.As more and more freshmen are remitted to universities,the original facilities,including classrooms,apartments,dining houses,laboratories and the like,are not enough any more.What’s more,the land in the suburb is relatively low in price,which is affordable for most universities.Besides,the quiet environment in suburban areas is more suitable for students to study.As a college student,I think,it is necessary and beneficial for many universities to build up abranch campus.However the building of branch campuses brings some problems.For one thing, the students in some branch campuses cannot enjoy good enough facilities and the teachers due to limited resources.For another it leads to less direct communications among teachers and students. Therefore the university should take a full account before it decides to build up a branch campus.。

2010年6月大学英语四级真题Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has morehas already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come fromwith climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.With the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainlyefficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can property owners from rising power costs.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A) accommodationsB) clumsyC) doubtfulD) exceptionsE) expandF) historicG) incrediblyH) poweringI) protectJ) reducedK) replaceL) senseM) shiftedN) supplyingO) vast2011年6月大学英语四级真题Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday.While elderly sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger,getting more, according to research.Sean Drummond, a. psychiatrist (心理医生) at the University of California, San Diego, said older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at“The ability to sleep in one chunk (整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but the amountof sleep we need does not change,” Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego.“ a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an olderadult is, the more they sleep like they did when they Our data suggests thatthe same amount as we need at 75.”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。