多媒体教材设计

Abstract: this paper demonstrate the necessity and advantage of employing multimedia to assist in teaching English listening by means of analyzing the requirements of the government and the advantages of using multimedia in English listening. Based on practice of creating multimedia courses for teaching English listening, this paper describes the designing concepts and programming methods used, as well as the realization of the program.Key words: English Listening: Multimedia Course: PowerPoint1. A brief introduction about English listening courseEnglish is a required course for all college students, and English listening is a very important part of English course. According to the Requirements of College English [1]proposed by Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, a qualified college students should be able to understand course taught in English; understand daily talks and non- professional lecture in English; catch the main idea and important points of special English news at speed of 130 W.P.M; use the basic listening skills to help listening comprehension. The listening course will not only enable students to pass CET4 or CET6, but also help students to face situations in the real life.2．The requirements of the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China and multimedia courses and its advantageAccording to the Requirements of College English, each college should utilize the multimedia and Internet technology, adopt the new teaching mode to change the traditional teacher centered mode. The new mode should be based on the advanced IT technology, especially internet technologies, and free English teaching from the limitation of time and place, moving towards individualized and self made study. Each college should design new suitable multimedia listening mode, which is based on the computer and Internet. So English listening should be presented in multimedia courseware. Multimedia technology is developed along with computer, Internet and information technology. Multimedia courses can provide a friendly access to language learning. Using multimedia in English listening has a lot of advantages, such as, (1) It will stimulus the students interests of learning English listening by providing news, talks, lectures, videos and other materials lively. (2) It will change the traditional mode of English teaching and listening. (3) By using Internet, the courseware can be shared by students and other teachers.3. Designing concepts and programming methods used.In this section, the designing concepts and programming methods used, as well as the realization of each functional modules will be discussed with reference to a piece of VOA special English (The realization of the main program will be discussed in the following section). The course ware’s main program is composed of five sub-programs, which are composed byPowerPoint. The main program contains 4 functional modules, they are:Listening materials; ExercisesWritten materials; AnswersAnd these buttons main menu, listening materials, exercises, answers, written materials should be added and them enable the user to return to other function modules during the program. (The process will be discussed in section 4)3.1. Starting PowerPointTo design the main menu, we need to run the software PowerPoint first. There are several ways to start PowerPoint, and the following are 2 ways. The following is the step of the first way:(1). Using the start menu to start PowerPoint(2). Click the start button at the left side of the screen.(3). Choose program, and then click Microsoft PowerPoint as Figure 1shows. (The first way is adopted in this paper).Figure 1 Figure 2Or one can click the right button of the mouse, then choose the “新建(w)”, and click “Microsoft PowerPoint” as Figure 2 shows.Once the PowerPoint has been started, there will be a Dialogue Box as figure 3 shows. Choose the “空白文稿”，then click Yes. Then there will be a Dialogue Box as figure 4 shows. The system will automatically choose the first “标题幻灯片”，click yes and then the title of the program can be wrote on the proper place. As in this program, Multimedia Course Design for Teaching English Listening Comprehension is wrote as Figure 5 shows.Figure 3 Figure 4Also the “Presentation Designs”should be selected. The steps are as following:(1). Choose “格式” and click “应用设计模板” as Figure 6 shows.(2) There will be a Dialogue Box as Figure 7 shows; one can choose a Presentation Designs.Figure 5 Figure 6Figure 7 Figure 83.2 the main menuIt is the time to compose the main menu once the Title Page has beenfinished. The main menu has four functional buttons. They areListening materials ExercisesWritten materials AnswersThe steps are as following:(1). Choose “插入” and then click “新幻灯片” as figure 8 shows.(2). The system will choose “项目清单” automatically.(3). Write “Main Menu” in the title line.(4). Write Listening materials; Exercises; Written materials; Answers respectively on each line in the lower part under the title line. (They are the four functional buttons, and the realization of them will be discussed in section 4)3.3 Listening materials3.3.1 Introduction about the Listening materialsAs mentioned in section 1, a qualified college student should be able to understand course taught in English; understand daily talks and non- professional lecture in English; catch the main idea and important points of special English news at speed of 130 W.P.M; use the basic listening skills to help listening comprehension. So in designing this courseware, different materials, such as news, lectures, daily talks, song, and soon, should all be considered, but it is impossible to list them all and discuss them all in this paper, so a piece of VOA special news is selected as material to show how this program is fulfilled.Listening materials are of different form, like RM, WMV, WMA, MP3 and so on. So the computer should be equipped with some software as Windows Media Player, RealOne Player or Winamp. Usually, windows will automatically active the Windows Media Player.3.3.2 The realization of the listening materials in PowerPoint.A new PowerPoint file should be created as discussed in section 3.1 and3.2. The “Listening materials”should be wrote on the title line, and course taught in English; daily talks in english; non- professional lecture in English; special English new; song; movie and son on should be wrote respectively on each line in the lower part under the title line as figure 9 shows.Figure 9Creating a new page as discussed in section 3.2, and then writes VOA special news on the title line. Under the title line, write the title of a piece of news, EDUCATION REPORT - Learning Disabilities.The steps are as following:(1)choose “插入” and choose “影片和声音”, and click “文件中的声音” as Figure 10 shows.(2)There will be a dialogue box asking you to identify the location ofthe sound file. double click the file needed or choose the file andthen click Yes. For example, in this paper, c:\张杰\EDUCATIONREPORT - Learning Disabilities was selected as Figure 11shows.Figure 10 Figure 11(3). There will be a Dialogue Box as Figure 12 shows asking you whether the sound file should be played while the PowerPoint is working. Ifyou choose No, it will be played while it is clicked. (Usually No is selected forthe sack of convenience) at the same time, there will be a symbolwhich shows that the sound file has been successfully inserted into the program and it can be moved to the proper place.Figure 123.4 ExercisesThere are various forms of exercise, such as choice, blank filling, and son on. But in order to facilitate students with the national and international examination, such as CET-4 or TOELF, the exercise in this program s is co composed according to these standard examinations.Figure 13 shows an example of choice; one answer can be selected according to the question. If you click the function button “answer”, the answer will appear, and then one can do the following exercise. (The process will be discussed in section 4)3.5 AnswersOnce students have finished the exercise, they can check their answers themselves. If they find any difficulties, they can return to the listening materials or exercise to do it again, the learning process will become individualized and self-made.Figure 133.6 Written materials3.6.1 The necessity of written materialsSometimes students will not fulfill the exercise for several reasons. The following are some possible answers:(1). It is a little faster.(2). Students are not familiar with the topic in the material.(3). There are some difficult words and expressions beyond students.So, in this section, written materials are supplied. Once teacher and students find that materials are difficult to understand, they can check thewritten materials for detailed explanations.3.6.2 The realization of the Written materials in PowerPoint.A new PowerPoint file should be created as discussed in section 3.1 and3.2. The “Written materials” should be wrote on the title line, and course taught in English; daily talks in English; non- professional lecture in English; special English new; song; movie and son on should be wrote respectively on each line in the lower part under the title line. This file should be accordance with listening materials.Creating a new page as discussed in section 3.2, and then writes VOA special news on the title line. Under the title line, write the title of a piece of news, EDUCATION REPORT - Learning Disabilities.The written materials can be copied into the PowerPoint file. But if it is a little larger, it is difficult to do it. So usually the written materials are in the form of Microsoft Word file and it can be inserted into the PowerPoint file by using the “Super link” function of PowerPoint. The steps are as following:(1). Choose the title EDUCATION REPORT - Learning Disabilities and highlight it as Figure 14 shows.(2). Choose “插入” and click “超级链接”as Figure 15 shows or click the right button of the mouse and choose “超级链接”as Figure 16 shows.Figure 14 Figure 15Figure 16 Figure 17(3). Then there is a Dialogue Box to locate the file as Figure 17 shows. Choose “原有文件或web页”, and locate the file, for example, c:\张杰\EDUCATION REPORT - Learning Disabilities.(4). Then the color of these words is changed into red and these words are underlined. The arrow will change into hand while mouse is on it. Click it will active the Word file.4.realization of main function modulesIn section 3, the designing concepts and programming methods used, as well as the realization of each functional module has been discussed.And in this section, the realization of the whole program will be discussed with reference to the piece of VOA special news.As we discussed in section 1, there are 5 sub-programs and they can be joint into an organic whole by using the function “Super link” of PowerPoint. The connection of exercise and answer will be discussed as example. The steps are as following:(1).choose “插入” and then click “水平” as Figure 18 shows.(2). there will be a top-sown arrow, and press the left button of themouse to highlight an area as Figure 19 shows.Figure 18 Figure 19(3). “Answer”will be written in the blank. By the same way, main menu; listening materials; exercises; written materials can be created.(4). Highlight “Answer”, and active the “Super link” function as Figure 15 or Figure 16 shows.(5). Then there is a Dialogue Box to locate the file as Figure 17 shows. Choose “原有文件或web页”, and locate the file, for example, c:\张杰\answer.Ppt.(6). Then click “书签”and there is a Dialogue Box. Choose the right one as Figure 20 shows and click Yes.Figure 20(7). Then the color of these words is changed into red and these words are underlined. The arrow will change into hand while mouse is on it.The five function modules: Main menu, listening materials, exercises, answers, written materials will be created.5. ConclusionThis paper discusses how to program Multimedia Courseware for English listening with reference to a piece of VOA special news. This program introduced in this paper is just a blueprint, and can be further extended. Endnotes:[1].中华人民共和国教育部，2004，《大学英语课程教学要求》（试行），/highedu/gjjx/38_1.htmBibliography:刘慧秋，2002，英国文学多媒体教程制作实践[J]。