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广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A卷科目代码：357科目名称：英语翻译基础考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
Part I.Terminology and Phrase Translation(30%)1.Translate the following terms,phrases or acronyms into Chinese(15points).（1）retail therapy（2）maternity leave（3）closet psycho（4）crowd funding（5）group interview（6）wardrobe hoarder（7）adverse drug reaction（8）livelihood issues（9）brand copycats（10）ride sharing（11）clean eating（12）selfie stick（13）tit-for-tat giving（14）IOU note（15）multi-level marketing 2.Translate the following terms,phrases or acronyms into English(15points).（1）节操（2）豆腐渣工程（3）中国式过马路（4）底线思维（5）裸官（6）土豪金（7）人口红利（8）广场舞（9）中国东盟博览会（10）幸福指数（11）退休双轨制（12）科学发展观（13）亚太经合组织（14）社会主义初级阶段（15）海上丝绸之路Part II Passage Translation(120%)1.Translate the following into Chinese(60points).One evening I look out the window of my secluded cabin,and there are soft flakes falling in the golden lamplight.They fall all night,while the voice of the river becomes more and more hushed and the noises of the forest die away.By dawn,the whole world of stream and wood and mountain has been kindled to a white flame of beauty.I go out in the morning and there is such silence that even breath is a profanation.The mountain to the north has a steel-blue light on it,and to the west the sky still holds something of the darkness of the night.To the east and the south a faint pink is spreading.I look up and see the morning star keeping white watch over a white world.After heavy snowfalls,it is the evergreens that are the loveliest,with their great white branches weighted down until they are almost parallel with the trunks.They seem like giant birds with their wings folded against the cold.The sky is clear blue now and the sun has flung diamonds down on meadow and bank and wood.Beauty,the virgin,walks here quietly,no sign upon the immaculate snow.The silence is dense and deep.Even the squirrels have stopped their ribald chattering.And fain snowbird第1页共2页。
2019年广西大学翻译硕士初试真题回忆版汉语写作与百科三大题型一、百科填空（25题/50分）（1）黄梅戏是哪个省份的戏种？（2）唐代《茶经》的作者是？（3）英国最长的河流是？（4）美国最大的州和最小的州分别是阿拉斯加州和？（5）“师夷长技以制夷”的提出者是谁？（6）最早的宪法是什么？它是不成文的宪法，（7）“爆竹声中一岁除，春风送暖入屠苏”指的是哪个节日？（8）IMF的中文名称是什么？（9）《白雪公主》《灰姑娘》等出自哪部童话故事？（10）金婚是指多少周年？（11）“民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻”是哪个思想家说的？（12）相传八卦由谁首创？（13）“礼、乐、射、御、书、数”中御指的是什么？（14）我国第一部诗歌总集是什么？（15）《基督山伯爵》的作者是谁？（16）美国现任总统特朗普是属于哪个党派？（17）印度的国鸟是什么？（18）著名的赵州桥始建于哪个朝代？（19）《雪绒花》是哪部影片的主题曲？（20）华佗被谁所杀害？（21）“挥一挥衣袖，不带走一片云彩”是谁的诗句？（22）歌剧起源于哪个国家？（23）还有一个关于什么天道相生的是出自哪部著作？（不太记得了）还有两个不记得了，欢迎补充！！！二、应用文（40分）假如你是外国语学院英语183班的代表学生，先让你代表全班向学院学生工作组以公文的形式写一封关于秋游的申请书，不少于300字。
三、作文（60分）关于中美贸易战的，美国步步紧逼，极限施压，中国频频接招，有理有据以“中美贸易战与我”从原因、影响与对我的启示写一篇不少于800字的作文英语翻译基础一、中英互译（每题各30个，共60个，共60分）E-C(1)fencing(2)integrated circuit(3)endowment position(4)expected benefit(5)dominant strategy(6)alumni association(7)commencement ceremony(8)Al Mater(9)Kyoto agreement(10)equestrian sport(11)artificial intelligence(12)central processing unit(13)procedural language(14)operating instruction(15)squash(16)archery(17)volcanic topography(18)Pentagon(19)Star spangled banner(20)acid midst(21)fossil fuel(22)car exhaust(23)spiked crown(24)land subsidence(25)Empire State Building(26)comparative advantage(27)figure swimming还有三个想不起来了，欢迎补充！！！C-E（1）虚假信息（2）“一带一路”空间信息走廊（3）中国国际进口博览会（4）国际货币基金组织（5）贸易顺差（6）联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会（7）网络囤积（8）电动汽车（9）反全球化（10）电子竞技（11）欧元区（12）新兴市场（13）零碳技术（14）实名制（15）偷拍（16）生物技术（17）集装箱港口码头（18）精密传感器（19）正当防卫（20）主流政党（21）自助出境通关（22）古装剧（23）开源软件（24）国内需求（25）还有一个什么世界杯还有好多个想不起来啦，欢迎补充！！！二、篇章翻译（1）E-C（我在网上找到了原文）（2）C-E（来自国务院总理李克强出席第19次东盟与中日韩（10+3）领导人会议的讲话，有所删减修改）当前，世界经济复苏艰难曲折，国际金融市场动荡不稳，全球贸易持续低迷，保护主义明显抬头，经济全球化阻力上升；国际安全形势不容乐观，局部冲突和地区热点问题交织，恐怖主义、难民危机等非传统安全威胁凸显，成为国际社会共同面临的挑战。
2011年广西民族大学翻译硕士211真题翻译硕士（MTI）备考系列Part I. Basic English Knowledge（共两部分，共30分）Section A: Multiple-choice （每小题0.5分，共40小题，共20分）Directions: There are forty multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.1. Outside my office window there is a fire ____ on the right.A. escapeB. ladderC. stepsD. stairs2. The form and physiology of leaves vary according to the ______ in which they develop: for example, leaves display a wide range of adaptations to different degrees of light and moisture.A. speciesB. sequenceC. patternsD. environment3. The best known of all the Arctic birds, ______.A. birdwatchers favor ptarmigansB. being ptarmigans' and birdwatchers' favoritesC. favored by both ptarmigans and birdwatchersD. ptarmigans are a favorite of birdwatchers4. The children’s ______ natures were in sharp contrast to the even-tempered dispositions of their parents.A. introvertedB. blitheC. phlegmaticD. mercurial5. By ______ scientific rigor with a quantitative approach, researchers in the social sciences may often have broadened their scope to those narrowly circumscribed topics that are well suited to quantitativemethods.A. equatingB. vitiatingC. imbuingD. undermining6. If a species of parasite is to survive, the host organisms must live long enough for the parasite to ______; if the host species becomes ______, so do its parasites.A. reproduce…extinctB. atrophy… healthyC. succumb… nonviableD. mate… infertile7. Those who fear the influence of television deliberately ______ its persuasive power, hoping that they might keep knowledge of its potential to effect social change from being widely disseminated.A. promoteB. underplayC. laudD. suspect8. High software prices are frequently said to ______ widespread illegal copying, although the opposite—that high prices are the cause of the copying— is equally plausible.A. contribute toB. result fromC. correlate withD. explain9. She put an extra blanket over the baby for fear that ______.A. he catches coldB. he should catch coldC. he caught coldD. he be catching cold10. A computer program can provide information in ways that force students to ______ learning instead of being merely ______ of knowledge.A. accede to…recipientsB. participate in…recipientsC. profit from…beneficiariesD. compensate for…custodians11. Authorities are mounting a campaign to combat an alarming rise in juvenile _____ and drug taking.A. delinquencyB. mistakeC. evilD. crime12. It is very discourteous to be _____ during someone's conversation.A. in the wayB. in a wayC. leading the wayD. giving way13. Australians launched into a shopping spree to ____ the country's economic excess.A. oppressB. curbC. disturbD. lay down14. Only a _____ of these huge stocks need to go missing to cause havoc.A. pieceB. fragmentC. fractionD. fracture15. The outward ________ may increase as anti-immigrant fever spreads in the United States.A. departureB. exodusC. contagionD. fade16. Sales of personal computers are _____ on both sides of the Atlantic.They have become one of the hottest-selling consumer electronics items.A. plumpingB. buoyantC. sluggishD. feeble17. The consumer felt ___ in asking for $10,000 compensation for two months without getting a reliable television.A. hypocriticalB. meticulousC. justifiedD. satisfied18. His employers could not complain about his work because he was _______ in the performance of his duties.A. derelictB. penetratingC. diversifiedD. assiduous19. The body and mind are _____ interwoven in all of us; they cannot be separated.A. inaptlyB. inextricablyC. inaccuratelyD. inadequately20. As the sky darkened it soon became obvious that a violent thunderstorm was _____.A. immediateB. eminentC. imminentD. instantaneous21. If you are hard-up, you are _____.A. callousB. short of moneyC. quick-temperedD. harsh22. Some journalists often overstate the situation so that their news maycreate a great _____.A. explosionB. sensationC. exaggerationD. stimulation23. He is holding a ______ position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.A. subordinateB. succeedingC. successiveD. subsequent24. Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around $110 billion, ____ the $160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.A. in proportion toB. in reply toC. in relation toD. in contrast to25. I was unaware of the critical points involved, so my choice was quite _____.A. arbitraryB. rationalC. mechanicalD. unpredictable26. Everyone in the auditorium was weeping by the time he finished the _____ tale.A. perpetualB. vigorousC. ultimateD. pathetic27. They could not go to the theater together because his free time never _____ with hers.A. collideB. complyC. coincideD. cope28. At first my friend refused to fall in with scheme we had suggested, buteventually I managed to _____.A. speak him aroundB. show him aroundC. come him aroundD. talk him around29. As the tide _____ from the shore, we were able to look for shells.A. precededB. proceededC. accededD. receded30. That part of the town is completely _____ of interest for visitors. There is no scenery at all.A. suspiciousB. demonstrativeC. voidD. irrespective31. It’s very d ifficult to ____ the exact meaning of an idiom in a foreign language.A. exchangeB. transferC. conveyD. convert32. According to what you have just said, am I to understand that his new post _____ no responsibility with it at all?A. shouldersB. possessesC. carriesD. shares33. Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of _____ every business operation in the whole country.A. practicallyB. preferablyC. preciselyD. presumably34. He is planning another tour abroad, yet his passport will _____ at the end of this month.A. expireB. exceedC. terminateD. cease35. The pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainly not _____ their prospect of promotion.A. spurB. furtherC. induceD. reinforce36. The museum had _____ copies for the original manuscripts to save wear and tear on the latter.A. tackledB. substitutedC. tickledD. testified37. How does it _____ that he is so badly off when he earns quite a good salary?A. come toB. come aroundC. come aboutD. come through38. The amateur team was _____ from the contest in the first round.A. detachedB. excusedC. distractedD. eliminated39. He was usually very kind so that his sudden _____ greatly surprised us.A. heartinessB. unhappinessC. harshnessD. uprightness40. I don't _____ disco. It's much too noisy for my taste.A. go forB. go byC. go upD. go offSection B: Proofreading and Error Correction （每小题1分，共10小题，共10分）When some nineteenth century New Yorkers said “Harlem”,they meant almost all of Manhattan above Eighty-sixth Street.Toward the end of the century, however, a groupof citizens in upper Manhattan-want perhaps, to shape a closer 41. ________and more precise sense of community—designated a section thatthey wished to have known as Harlem. The chosen area was theHarlem which Blacks were moving in the first decades of the 42 ._______new century as they left their old settlements on the middle andlower blocks of the West Side.As the community became predominantly Black, the veryword“Harlem” seemed to lose its old meaning. At time it was 43._ ______easy to forget that “Harlem” was originally the Dutch name “Harlem”; the community it described had been founded by44._______people from Holland；and that for most of its three centuries—itwas first settled in the sixteen hundreds—it had been preoccupied 45._ ______by White New Yorkers. “Harlem”became synonymous to 46._______Black life and Black style in Manhattan. Blacks living thereused the word as though they had coined it on themselves—not47._______only to designate their area of residence but to express theirsense of the various qualities of its life and atmosphere. As theyears passed, “Harlem”asserted an even larger meaning. In 48. _______the words of Adam Clayton Powell, Sr., the pastor of theAbyssinian Baptist Church, Harlem “became the symbol of libertyand the Promised Land to Negroes everywhere”.By 1919 Harlem’s population had grown by several thousand.It had received its share of wartime migration from the South,the Caribbean, and parts of colonial Africa. Some of thenew arrivals merely lived for Harlem; it was New York they had 49. _______come to, looking for jobs and for all the other legendary opportunitiesof life in the city. To others who migrated to Harlem, NewYork was merely the city in which they found themselves:Harlem was exactly what they wished to be.50._______Part III. Reading Comprehension （每小题2分，两部分共20小题，共40分）Section ADirections: In the section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The history of the development of modern sport is the history of the development of industrial capitalism. There is, of course, documented evidence of ball games, racket games and athletic games that date well before industrial capitalism. However they are unrecognizable from today’s sports. Take, for example, football and rugby, derivatives of folk football, where a game would continue for days, with no boundaries expect the edge of the village, or the edge of the next village. People would throw or kick the ball, it was mixed, and there was no offside rule, no 90 minutes, and really no discernible winners. The Olympics are always claimed as having their roots in the athletic culture of ancient Greek society. Yet their origins were about military training in a far from equal society at the end of the 19th century and these were games which relatively few people would watch. The Olympics were revived with the emergence of international trade. The first hour modern Olympics were held in conjunction with trade fairs.It is common to talk of sport as a neutral medium which transcends politics. The popular notion is that while everything else in the world is dirtied by politics and inequality, sport itself operates on a different set of rules. Performance-enhancing drugs in sport have created huge press hysteria, in the main because sports stars are often thought of as moral guardians, but also because it undoes one of the foundation stones of sport-the notion of fair play. Jim Firstle, a freelance sports journalist, notes that drugs have always been used in sport, long before technology and money were involved. In athletics there is an unwritten and unconfirmed notion that everyone is doing it. The key thing is not to get caught. Firstle reports that Dr. Don Caitlin, who runs the International Olympic Committee accredited drug testing laboratory in Los Angeles, likened the situation to attempts between the Cold War superpowers to negotiate nuclear non-proliferation treaties. One side would only crack down and get tough on its drug cheats if the other country did the same. To bust one’s drug cheats without the gesture being reciprocated put the anti-doping nation at a competitive disadvantage. The idea that there is fair competition in sport is as unlikely as the idea of fair competition in capitalism.51. Modern sport is ____________ from ancient sport although some forms of ancient sport existed and developed much earlier than industrial capitalism.52. According to the author, what made modern Olympics resume its prosperity ?53. Sport is usually considered to have the ability to transcend politics because it itself _________.54. What has the use of performance-enhancing drugs destroyed based on the passage?55. Anti-doping nation would be at a competitive disadvantage if other nations failed to ________.Section BDirections: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.For nearly half of my professional career, I was wrong about how to help students achieve. I had the wrong focus, made inaccurate assumptions, used faulty logic, and came to the wrong conclusions about how to increase student achievement. Although a high percentage ofstudents persisted in and graduated from the programs in which I worked, they seldom became top achievers.Here is where and how I went wrong. I designed procedures to identify the students who were least prepared so that we could build programs and services that would help more students achieve. I assumed that there were certain levels of preparation that students needed in order to succeed; that if students met or exceeded these preparation levels, everything would take care of itself ; that if students were prepared and met the expectations of their professors, then the normal courses of study and interactions with faculty would be sufficient to help students accomplish their goals.Believing that student success depended on acquiring certain skills and knowledge, I used a combination of standardized tests, institutionally developed instruments, and interview procedures to get a clear picture of whether each student was prepared or underprepared. This was good practice in many ways, but I eventually came to see that I had structured my practice with the tenets of the Deficit Remediation Educational Model, which has been predominant in education for decades and remains the most prevalent approach in use day. This model assumes that the first and m ost important thing to do is to “fix” the student. Programs and services based on this model are dedicated to helping students achieve by first diagnosing student needs , problems, ignorance, concerns, defects, anddeficits. Those who use the Deficit Remediation Educational Model have the challenge of designing classes, workshops, programs, and services to help students improve in areas in which they are underprepared. Based on the diagnosis, participation in remedial programs and services is often required. Students are usually prevented from pursuing other areas of study and from pursuing their interests until their “deficits” have been removed and their “problems” have been overcome. Typically, if students are unable to overcome their deficiencies by an established date, they are dismissed or told that they aren’t college material.What would happen if we turned our traditional retention effort on its head? If we developed programs that helped students assess their strengths and then apply those strengths to their studies? Of course, we would still assist students in improving their ability to write well or to master mathematics or to read their political science text more efficiently and critically, but all this would be in the context of helping them identify, further develop, and apply what they can already do well. In my experience, this approach is tremendously motivating, contributes to a sense of agency, and helps young people stay in college.56.What proved that nearly hal f of the author’s professional career was a mistake ?A)Few of the participants in his training programs made greatachievements.B)Few of the participants in his training programs graduated from the courses.C)The author made inaccurate assumptions about how to increase student achievement.D)The author came to the wrong conclusions about how to increase student achievement.57.Which of the following was the author’s wrong focus when he attempted to help students achieve ?A)He tired to make everything take care of itself.B)He tried to recognize those underprepared students.C)He organized sufficient interactions between students and faculty.D)He helped the prepared students meet their professors’ faulty expectations.58.What will be th e most likely outcome of the author’s faulty achievement training projects ?A)Not only their students’ weakness but also their strengths will be identified.B)Most of the training programs will focus on the strengths of their students.C)Many students become frustrated and disillusioned as a result of it.D)More students will stay in college in spite of their lack of ability.59.Which word or expression is closest in meaning to “deficits” in Para. 3 ?A)Diagnosis. B)Deficiencies.C)College material. D)Skills and knowledge.60.How does the author like the approach of assessing students’ strengths and then applying them to their studies ?A)It will assist students in improving their ability to study some courses.B)It will tremendously motivate students to manage their weaknesses.C)It will seriously discourage students of their further study in college.D)It will positively improve student achievement with encouragement.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Freshwater life itself has never come easy in the Middle East. Ever since The Old Testament, God punished man with 40 days and 40 nights ofrain. Water supplies here have been dwindling. The rainfall only comes in winter and drains quickly through the semiarid land, leaving the soil to bake and to thirst for next November.The region's accelerating population, expanding agriculture, industrialization, and higher living standards demand more freshwater. Drought and pollution limit its a availability. War and mismanagement waste it. Said Joyce Starr of the Global Water Summit Initiative, based in Washington, D.C. “Nations like Israel and Jordan are swiftly sliding into that zone where they are suing all the water resources available to them. They have only 15 to 20 years left before their agriculture, and ultimately their f ood security, is threatened.”I came here to examine this crisis in the making, to investigate fears that “water wars”are imminent, that water has replaced oil as the region's most contentious commodity. For more than two months I traveled through three river valleys and seven nations—from southern Turkey down the Euphrates River to Syria, Iraq, and on to Kuwait; to Israel and Jordan, neighbors across the valley of the Jordan; to the timeless Egyptian Nile.Even amid the scarcity there are haves and have-nots. compared with the United States, which in 1990 had freshwater potential of 10,000 cubic meters (2.6 million gallons) a year for each citizen, Iraq had 5,500, Turkey had 4,000, and Syria had more than 2,800. Egypt's potential was only1,100. Israel had 460. Jordan had a meager 260. But these are not firm figures, because upstream use of river water can dramatically alter the potential downstream.Scarcity is only one element of the crisis. Inefficiency is another, as is the reluctance of some water-poor nations to change priorities from agriculture to less water-intensive enterprises. Some experts suggest that if nations would share both water technology and resources, they could satisfy the region's population, currently 159 million. But in this patchwork of ethnic and religious rivalries, water seldom stands alone as an issue. It is entangled in the politics that keep people from trusting and seeking help from one another. Here, where water, like truth, is precious, each nation tends to find its own water and supply its own truth.As Israeli hydrology professor Uri Shamir told me: “If there is political will for peace, water will not be a hindrance. If you want reasons to fight, water will not be a hindrance. If you want reasons to fight, water will give you ample opportuniti es.”61. Why does the author use the phrase “for next November”(underlined, Para. 1)?A) According to the Old Testament freshwater is available only in November.B) Rainfall comes only in winter starting from November.C) Running water systems will not be ready until next November.D) It is a custom in that region that irrigation to crops is done only in November.62. What is NOT the cause for the imminent water war?A) Lack of water resources. B) Lack of rainfall.C) Inefficient use of water. D) Water has replaced oil.63. One way for the region to use water efficiently is to ________.A) develop other enterprises that cost less waterB) draw a plan of irrigation for the various nationsC) import water from water-rich nationsD) stop wars of any sort for good and all64. Uri Shamir's viewpoint is that ________.A) nations in that region are just fighting for waterB) people there are thirsty for peace instead of waterC) water is no problem as long as there is peaceD) those nations have every reason to fight for water65. The author's tone in the article can be described as ________.A) depressing B) urgentC) joking D) mockingPassage ThreeQuestions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.There he was America's first President with a MBA, the man who loves to boast about his business background, whose presidential campaign raised unprecedented sums from corporate wallets and whose cabinet is stuffed with chief executives. Faith in the integrity of American business leaders was being undermined, George Bush said fiercely, by executives “br eaching trust and abusing power”. It was time for “a new ethic of personal responsib ility in the business community”. He was going to “end the days of cooking the books, shading the truth and breaking our laws”.Only months ago, the idea that George W Bush would publicly lambaste America's cooperate bosses was laughable. As a candidate, born on the wave of a decade-long economic boom and an unprecedented 18-year bull market, he cashed in on American's love affair with corporate success. But things are different now. The stock market bubble has burst and, despite signs of economic recovery. Wall Street seems to be sunk in gloom. A string of scandals at some of America's most high-flying firms---including Enron, Xerox. Tyco, Global Crossing and most recently, World Com--has radically changed the public mood.As political pressure for reform increases, so too does the heat on Mr.Bush. Is the businessman's president really prepared to take business on and push hard for reform? Despite the set jaw and aggrieved tone in New York. Probably not. Mr. Bush thinks the current crisis stems from a few bad-apple chief executives rather than the system as a whole. Hence he focuses on tough penalties for corrupt businessmen and his plea for higher ethical standards. The president announced the creation of a financial-crimes SWAT team, at the Justice Department to root out corporate fraud, and wants to double the maximum prison sentence for financial fraud from five to ten years. But he offered few concrete suggestions for systemic reform: little mention of changes to strengthen shareholders' rights, not even an endorsement of the Senate corporate-reform bill.There are few signs yet that cleaning up corporate America is an issue that animates the voters. Polls show that Americans have little faith in their business leaders, but politicians do not seem to be suffering as a result. Mr. Bush's approval ratings have fallen from their sky-highs, but they are still very strong.The president, therefore, need do no more than talk tough. This alone will convince ordinary Americans that he is on top of the issue. As the economy rebounds and public outage subsides, the clamor for change will be quieter. Democratic attacks will fizzle, and far-reaching reform bills will be watered down before they become law. Politically, the gamblemakes sense. Unfortunately for American capitalism, a great opportunity will be missed.66. We can infer from the third paragraph that Mr. Bush______.A) didn't intend to take business on and push hard for reformB) did not do anything at all for the presence of the current situationC) took shareholders' right into account, but he didn't approve reform billD) took some measures to pave the way for the reform67. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A) Bush had to offer concrete suggestions for reform as political pressure increaseB) At present, the maximum prison sentence for financial fraud is five yearC) It is laughable that M Bush publicly attacked America's corporate bossesD) Americans have little faith in their business as well as political leaders68. Which of the following statements about Mr. Bush is mentionedin this passage?A) M Bush is the second President with an MBA in American historyB) M Bush contributes a lot to decade-long economic boomC) M Bush's approval ratings are still highD) M Bush didn't get support in his presidential campaign69. The author's attitude towards the reform is______.A) indifferentB) optimisticC) skepticalD) favorable70. The phrase “a great opportunity” mentioned in the last paragraph refers to an opportunity to______.A) carry out reformB) boom economyC) animate the votersD) attack chief executivePart III. Writing （两部分，共30分）Section A （共10分）Direction: Read the following ad carefully, and you, by name of WangPeng, are then asked to write a letter to apply for the job. Remember to send your letter to the company as given in the ad. You should write about at least 150 words.中国四达国际经济技术合作公司（CSCIETC）诚聘文秘一员，要求如下：年龄20—30岁，大专以上学历流利的英语听说读写能力熟练的计算机操作能力良好的沟通和协调能力有外企工作经验者优先应聘者请将简历、联系方式以及待遇要求寄至：上海市淮海中路8560号揽盛大厦人力资源部收。
广西民族大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题Part I.Basic English Knowledge（共两部分，共30分）Section A:Multiple-choice（每小题0.5分，共40小题，共20分）Directions:There are forty multiple-choice questions in this section.Choose the best answer to each question.Mark your answers on the answer sheet.1.Outside my office window there is a fire____on the right.A.escapedderC.stepsD.stairs2.The form and physiology of leaves vary according to the______in which they develop: for example,leaves display a wide range of adaptations to different degrees of light and moisture.A.speciesB.sequenceC.patternsD.environment3.The best known of all the Arctic birds,______.A.birdwatchers favor ptarmigansB.being ptarmigans'and birdwatchers'favoritesC.favored by both ptarmigans and birdwatchersD.ptarmigans are a favorite of birdwatchers4.The children’s______natures were in sharp contrast to the even-tempered dispositions of their parents.A.introvertedB.blitheC.phlegmaticD.mercurial5.By______scientific rigor with a quantitative approach,researchers in the social sciences may often have broadened their scope to those narrowly circumscribed topics that are well suited to quantitative methods.A.equatingB.vitiatingC.imbuingD.undermining6.If a species of parasite is to survive,the host organisms must live long enough for the parasite to______;if the host species becomes______,so do its parasites.A.reproduce…extinctB.atrophy…healthyC.succumb…nonviableD.mate…infertile7.Those who fear the influence of television deliberately______its persuasive power, hoping that they might keep knowledge of its potential to effect social change from being widely disseminated.A.promoteB.underplayudD.suspect8.High software prices are frequently said to______widespread illegal copying,although the opposite—that high prices are the cause of the copying—is equally plausible.A.contribute toB.result fromC.correlate withD.explain9.She put an extra blanket over the baby for fear that______.A.he catches coldB.he should catch coldC.he caught coldD.he be catching cold10.A computer program can provide information in ways that force students to______learning instead of being merely______of knowledge.A.accede to…recipientsB.participate in…recipientsC.profit from…beneficiariespensate for…custodians11.Authorities are mounting a campaign to combat an alarming rise in juvenile_____and drug taking.A.delinquencyB.mistakeC.evilD.crime12.It is very discourteous to be_____during someone's conversation.A.in the wayB.in a wayC.leading the wayD.giving way13.Australians launched into a shopping spree to____the country's economic excess.A.oppressB.curbC.disturby down14.Only a_____of these huge stocks need to go missing to cause havoc.A.pieceB.fragmentC.fractionD.fracture15.The outward________may increase as anti-immigrant fever spreads in the United States.A.departureB.exodusC.contagionD.fade16.Sales of personal computers are_____on both sides of the Atlantic.They have become one of the hottest-selling consumer electronics items.A.plumpingB.buoyantC.sluggishD.feeble17.The consumer felt___in asking for$10,000compensation for two months without gettinga reliable television.A.hypocriticalB.meticulousC.justifiedD.satisfied18.His employers could not complain about his work because he was_______in the performance of his duties.A.derelictB.penetratingC.diversifiedD.assiduous19.The body and mind are_____interwoven in all of us;they cannot be separated.A.inaptlyB.inextricablyC.inaccuratelyD.inadequately20.As the sky darkened it soon became obvious that a violent thunderstorm was_____.A.immediateB.eminentC.imminentD.instantaneous21.If you are hard-up,you are_____.A.callousB.short of moneyC.quick-temperedD.harsh22.Some journalists often overstate the situation so that their news may create a great _____.A.explosionB.sensationC.exaggerationD.stimulation23.He is holding a______position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.A.subordinateB.succeedingC.successiveD.subsequent24.Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around$110billion,____the$160billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.A.in proportion toB.in reply toC.in relation toD.in contrast to25.I was unaware of the critical points involved,so my choice was quite_____.A.arbitraryB.rationalC.mechanicalD.unpredictable26.Everyone in the auditorium was weeping by the time he finished the_____tale.A.perpetualB.vigorousC.ultimateD.pathetic27.They could not go to the theater together because his free time never_____with hers.A.collideplyC.coincideD.cope28.At first my friend refused to fall in with scheme we had suggested,but eventually I managed to_____.A.speak him aroundB.show him arounde him aroundD.talk him around29.As the tide_____from the shore,we were able to look for shells.A.precededB.proceededC.accededD.receded30.That part of the town is completely_____of interest for visitors.There is no scenery at all.A.suspiciousB.demonstrativeC.voidD.irrespective31.It’s very difficult to____the exact meaning of an idiom in a foreign language.A.exchangeB.transferC.conveyD.convert32.According to what you have just said,am I to understand that his new post_____no responsibility with it at all?A.shouldersB.possessesC.carriesD.shares33.Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of_____every business operation in the whole country.A.practicallyB.preferablyC.preciselyD.presumably34.He is planning another tour abroad,yet his passport will_____at the end of this month.A.expireB.exceedC.terminateD.cease35.The pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainly not_____their prospect of promotion.A.spurB.furtherC.induceD.reinforce36.The museum had_____copies for the original manuscripts to save wear and tear on the latter.A.tackledB.substitutedC.tickledD.testified37.How does it_____that he is so badly off when he earns quite a good salary?e toe arounde aboute through38.The amateur team was_____from the contest in the first round.A.detachedB.excusedC.distractedD.eliminated39.He was usually very kind so that his sudden_____greatly surprised us.A.heartinessB.unhappinessC.harshnessD.uprightness40.I don't_____disco.It's much too noisy for my taste.A.go forB.go byC.go upD.go offSection B:Proofreading and Error Correction（每小题1分，共10小题，共10分）When some nineteenth century New Yorkers said“Harlem”,they meant almost all of Manhattan above Eighty-sixth Street.Toward the end of the century,however,a groupof citizens in upper Manhattan-want perhaps,to shape a closer41.________and more precise sense of community—designated a section thatthey wished to have known as Harlem.The chosen area was theHarlem which Blacks were moving in the first decades of the42._______new century as they left their old settlements on the middle andlower blocks of the West Side.As the community became predominantly Black,the veryword“Harlem”seemed to lose its old meaning.At time it was43._______easy to forget that“Harlem”was originally the Dutch name“Harlem”;the community it described had been founded by44._______people from Holland；and that for most of its three centuries—itwas first settled in the sixteen hundreds—it had been preoccupied45._______by White New Yorkers.“Harlem”became synonymous to46._______Black life and Black style in Manhattan.Blacks living thereused the word as though they had coined it on themselves—not47._______only to designate their area of residence but to express theirsense of the various qualities of its life and atmosphere.As theyears passed,“Harlem”asserted an even larger meaning.In48._______the words of Adam Clayton Powell,Sr.,the pastor of theAbyssinian Baptist Church,Harlem“became the symbol of libertyand the Promised Land to Negroes everywhere”.By1919Harlem’s population had grown by several thousand.It had received its share of wartime migration from the South,the Caribbean,and parts of colonial Africa.Some of thenew arrivals merely lived for Harlem;it was New York they had49._______come to,looking for jobs and for all the other legendary opportunitiesof life in the city.To others who migrated to Harlem,NewYork was merely the city in which they found themselves:Harlem was exactly what they wished to be.50._______Part III.Reading Comprehension（每小题2分，两部分共20小题，共40分）Section ADirections:In the section,there is a short passage with5questions or incomplete statements.Read the passage carefully.Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions51to55are based on the following passage.The history of the development of modern sport is the history of the development of industrial capitalism.There is,of course,documented evidence of ball games,racket games and athletic games that date well before industrial capitalism.However they are unrecognizable from today’s sports.Take,for example,football and rugby,derivatives of folk football,where a game would continue for days,with no boundaries expect the edge of the village,or the edge of the next village.People would throw or kick the ball,it was mixed,and there was no offside rule,no90minutes,and really no discernible winners. The Olympics are always claimed as having their roots in the athletic culture of ancient Greek society.Yet their origins were about military training in a far from equal society at the end of the19th century and these were games which relatively few people would watch. The Olympics were revived with the emergence of international trade.The first hour modern Olympics were held in conjunction with trade fairs.It is common to talk of sport as a neutral medium which transcends politics.The popular notion is that while everything else in the world is dirtied by politics and inequality, sport itself operates on a different set of rules.Performance-enhancing drugs in sport have created huge press hysteria,in the main because sports stars are often thought of as moral guardians,but also because it undoes one of the foundation stones of sport-the notion of fair play.Jim Firstle,a freelance sports journalist,notes that drugs have always been used in sport,long before technology and money were involved.In athletics there is an unwritten and unconfirmed notion that everyone is doing it.The key thing is not to get caught.Firstle reports that Dr.Don Caitlin,who runs the International Olympic Committee accredited drug testing laboratory in Los Angeles,likened the situation to attempts between the Cold War superpowers to negotiate nuclear non-proliferation treaties.One side would only crack down and get tough on its drug cheats if the other country did the same.To bust one’s drug cheats without the gesture being reciprocated put the anti-doping nation at a competitive disadvantage.The idea that there is fair competition in sport is as unlikely as the idea of fair competition in capitalism.51.Modern sport is____________from ancient sport although some forms of ancient sport existed and developed much earlier than industrial capitalism.52.According to the author,what made modern Olympics resume its prosperity?53.Sport is usually considered to have the ability to transcend politics because it itself_________.54.What has the use of performance-enhancing drugs destroyed based on the passage?55.Anti-doping nation would be at a competitive disadvantage if other nations failed to________.Section BDirections:There are3passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions56to60are based on the following passage.For nearly half of my professional career,I was wrong about how to help students achieve.I had the wrong focus,made inaccurate assumptions,used faulty logic,and came to the wrong conclusions about how to increase student achievement.Although a high percentage of students persisted in and graduated from the programs in which I worked,they seldom became top achievers.Here is where and how I went wrong.I designed procedures to identify the students who were least prepared so that we could build programs and services that would help more students achieve.I assumed that there were certain levels of preparation that students needed in order to succeed;that if students met or exceeded these preparation levels, everything would take care of itself;that if students were prepared and met the expectations of their professors,then the normal courses of study and interactions with faculty would be sufficient to help students accomplish their goals.Believing that student success depended on acquiring certain skills and knowledge,I used a combination of standardized tests,institutionally developed instruments,and interview procedures to get a clear picture of whether each student was prepared or underprepared.This was good practice in many ways,but I eventually came to see that I had structured my practice with the tenets of the Deficit Remediation Educational Model, which has been predominant in education for decades and remains the most prevalent approach in use day.This model assumes that the first and most important thing to do is to“fix”the student.Programs and services based on this model are dedicated to helping students achieve by first diagnosing student needs,problems,ignorance,concerns,defects,and deficits.Those who use the Deficit Remediation Educational Model have the challenge of designing classes,workshops,programs,and services to help students improve in areas in which they are underprepared.Based on the diagnosis,participation in remedial programs and services is often required.Students are usually prevented from pursuing other areas of study and from pursuing their interests until their“deficits”have been removed and their“problems”have been overcome.Typically,if students are unable to overcome their deficiencies by an established date,they are dismissed or told that they aren’t college material.What would happen if we turned our traditional retention effort on its head?If we developed programs that helped students assess their strengths and then apply those strengths to their studies?Of course,we would still assist students in improving their ability to write well or to master mathematics or to read their political science text more efficiently and critically,but all this would be in the context of helping them identify, further develop,and apply what they can already do well.In my experience,this approach is tremendously motivating,contributes to a sense of agency,and helps young people stay in college.56.What proved that nearly half of the author’s professional career was a mistake?A)Few of the participants in his training programs made great achievements.B)Few of the participants in his training programs graduated from the courses.C)The author made inaccurate assumptions about how to increase student achievement.D)The author came to the wrong conclusions about how to increase student achievement.57.Which of the following was the author’s wrong focus when he attempted to help students achieve?A)He tired to make everything take care of itself.B)He tried to recognize those underprepared students.C)He organized sufficient interactions between students and faculty.D)He helped the prepared students meet their professors’faulty expectations.58.What will be the most likely outcome of the author’s faulty achievement training projects?A)Not only their students’weakness but also their strengths will be identified.B)Most of the training programs will focus on the strengths of their students.C)Many students become frustrated and disillusioned as a result of it.D)More students will stay in college in spite of their lack of ability.59.Which word or expression is closest in meaning to“deficits”in Para.3?A)Diagnosis.B)Deficiencies.C)College material.D)Skills and knowledge.60.How does the author like the approach of assessing students’strengths and then applying them to their studies?A)It will assist students in improving their ability to study some courses.B)It will tremendously motivate students to manage their weaknesses.C)It will seriously discourage students of their further study in college.D)It will positively improve student achievement with encouragement.Passage TwoQuestions61to65are based on the following passage.Freshwater life itself has never come easy in the Middle East.Ever since The Old Testament,God punished man with40days and40nights of rain.Water supplies here have been dwindling.The rainfall only comes in winter and drains quickly through the semiarid land,leaving the soil to bake and to thirst for next November.The region's accelerating population,expanding agriculture,industrialization,and higher living standards demand more freshwater.Drought and pollution limit its a availability.War and mismanagement waste it.Said Joyce Starr of the Global Water Summit Initiative,based in Washington,D.C.“Nations like Israel and Jordan are swiftly sliding into that zone where they are suing all the water resources available to them.They have only15to20years left before their agriculture,and ultimately their food security,is threatened.”I came here to examine this crisis in the making,to investigate fears that“water wars”are imminent,that water has replaced oil as the region's most contentious commodity. For more than two months I traveled through three river valleys and seven nations—from southern Turkey down the Euphrates River to Syria,Iraq,and on to Kuwait;to Israel and Jordan,neighbors across the valley of the Jordan;to the timeless Egyptian Nile.Even amid the scarcity there are haves and pared with the United States, which in1990had freshwater potential of10,000cubic meters(2.6million gallons)a year for each citizen,Iraq had5,500,Turkey had4,000,and Syria had more than2,800.Egypt's potential was only1,100.Israel had460.Jordan had a meager260.But these are not firm figures,because upstream use of river water can dramatically alter the potential downstream.Scarcity is only one element of the crisis.Inefficiency is another,as is the reluctance of some water-poor nations to change priorities from agriculture to less water-intensive enterprises.Some experts suggest that if nations would share both water technology and resources,they could satisfy the region's population,currently159million.But in this patchwork of ethnic and religious rivalries,water seldom stands alone as an issue.It is entangled in the politics that keep people from trusting and seeking help from one another. Here,where water,like truth,is precious,each nation tends to find its own water and supply its own truth.As Israeli hydrology professor Uri Shamir told me:“If there is political will for peace,water will not be a hindrance.If you want reasons to fight,water will not be a hindrance.If you want reasons to fight,water will give you ample opportunities.”61.Why does the author use the phrase“for next November”(underlined,Para.1)?A)According to the Old Testament freshwater is available only in November.B)Rainfall comes only in winter starting from November.C)Running water systems will not be ready until next November.D)It is a custom in that region that irrigation to crops is done only in November.62.What is NOT the cause for the imminent water war?A)Lack of water resources.B)Lack of rainfall.C)Inefficient use of water.D)Water has replaced oil.63.One way for the region to use water efficiently is to________.A)develop other enterprises that cost less waterB)draw a plan of irrigation for the various nationsC)import water from water-rich nationsD)stop wars of any sort for good and all64.Uri Shamir's viewpoint is that________.A)nations in that region are just fighting for waterB)people there are thirsty for peace instead of waterC)water is no problem as long as there is peaceD)those nations have every reason to fight for water65.The author's tone in the article can be described as________.A)depressing B)urgentC)joking D)mockingPassage ThreeQuestions66to70are based on the following passage.There he was America's first President with a MBA,the man who loves to boast about his business background,whose presidential campaign raised unprecedented sums from corporate wallets and whose cabinet is stuffed with chief executives.Faith in the integrity of American business leaders was being undermined,George Bush said fiercely,by executives “breaching trust and abusing power”.It was time for“a new ethic of personal responsibility in the business community”.He was going to“end the days of cooking the books,shading the truth and breaking our laws”.Only months ago,the idea that George W Bush would publicly lambaste America's cooperate bosses was laughable.As a candidate,born on the wave of a decade-long economic boom and an unprecedented18-year bull market,he cashed in on American's love affair with corporate success.But things are different now.The stock market bubble has burst and,despite signs of economic recovery.Wall Street seems to be sunk in gloom.A string of scandals at someof America's most high-flying firms---including Enron,Xerox.Tyco,Global Crossing and most recently,World Com--has radically changed the public mood.As political pressure for reform increases,so too does the heat on Mr.Bush.Is the businessman's president really prepared to take business on and push hard for reform? Despite the set jaw and aggrieved tone in New York.Probably not.Mr.Bush thinks the current crisis stems from a few bad-apple chief executives rather than the system as a whole.Hence he focuses on tough penalties for corrupt businessmen and his plea for higher ethical standards.The president announced the creation of a financial-crimes SWAT team,at the Justice Department to root out corporate fraud,and wants to double the maximum prison sentence for financial fraud from five to ten years.But he offered few concrete suggestions for systemic reform:little mention of changes to strengthen shareholders'rights,not even an endorsement of the Senate corporate-reform bill.There are few signs yet that cleaning up corporate America is an issue that animates the voters.Polls show that Americans have little faith in their business leaders,but politicians do not seem to be suffering as a result.Mr.Bush's approval ratings have fallen from their sky-highs,but they are still very strong.The president,therefore,need do no more than talk tough.This alone will convince ordinary Americans that he is on top of the issue.As the economy rebounds and public outage subsides,the clamor for change will be quieter.Democratic attacks will fizzle,and far-reaching reform bills will be watered down before they become law.Politically,the gamble makes sense.Unfortunately for American capitalism,a great opportunity will be missed.66.We can infer from the third paragraph that Mr.Bush______.A)didn't intend to take business on and push hard for reformB)did not do anything at all for the presence of the current situationC)took shareholders'right into account,but he didn't approve reform billD)took some measures to pave the way for the reform67.According to the passage,which of the following statements is TRUE?A)Bush had to offer concrete suggestions for reform as political pressure increaseB)At present,the maximum prison sentence for financial fraud is five yearC)It is laughable that M Bush publicly attacked America's corporate bossesD)Americans have little faith in their business as well as political leaders68.Which of the following statements about Mr.Bush is mentioned in this passage?A)M Bush is the second President with an MBA in American historyB)M Bush contributes a lot to decade-long economic boomC)M Bush's approval ratings are still highD)M Bush didn't get support in his presidential campaign69.The author's attitude towards the reform is______.A)indifferent B)optimisticC)skeptical D)favorable70.The phrase“a great opportunity”mentioned in the last paragraph refers to an opportunity to______.A)carry out reformB)boom economyC)animate the votersD)attack chief executivePart III.Writing（两部分，共30分）Section A（共10分）Direction:Read the following ad carefully,and you,by name of Wang Peng,are then asked to write a letter to apply for the job.Remember to send your letter to the company as given in the ad.You should write about at least150words.中国四达国际经济技术合作公司（CSCIETC）诚聘文秘一员，要求如下：年龄20—30岁，大专以上学历流利的英语听说读写能力熟练的计算机操作能力良好的沟通和协调能力有外企工作经验者优先应聘者请将简历、联系方式以及待遇要求寄至：上海市淮海中路8560号揽盛大厦人力资源部收。
2019年广西民族大学写作与翻译考研真题B卷考生须知 1．答案须写在答题纸密封线内，写在试题卷、草稿纸等均视为无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请本人将答题纸放入试题袋内，密封后在封条与试卷袋骑缝处亲笔签名。
一、汉译英题（每小题 20 分，共 2 小题，共 40）1．雨声渐渐地住了，窗帘后隐隐地透过清光来。
推开窗户一看，呀，云儿散了，树叶上的残滴，映着月光，好似萤火千点，闪闪烁烁地动着。
凭窗站了一会儿，微微地觉得凉意侵人，转过身来，忽然眼花缭乱，屋子里别的东西，都隐在光云里；一片幽辉，只浸着墙上画中的安琪儿，——这白衣的安琪儿，抱着花儿，扬着翅儿，向着我微微地笑。
2．一杯茶，加上一点烤面包或饼干，再和朋友闲谈几句，这种光景在英国下午四五点钟的时候，到处可见。
不论是在英王居住的白金汉宫，或是在寻常百姓的家里，都是一样的。
对于在机关里做打字员一类工作的女性，忙了一天而得到半小时的休息，去喝一杯茶，实在是一种受欢迎的调剂。
甚至在前线的士兵，如果形势允许，也要抽空去喝一杯茶。
这原是英国牢不可破的传统。
二、英译汉题（每小题 30 分，共 2 小题，共 60）1 ． Because of the business over his becoming an associate professor, Hung-chien had always regarded Kao Sung-nien with a certain rancor and so had as little to do with him as possible. He had never expected Kao to be so congenial. As a student of biology, Kao knew that “the survival of the fittest” was ordained by nature. He was quite confident of his own ability to adapt to the environment and to know what to say to whom on which occasion. Like the head instructor of the 200, 000 imperial troops referred to in ancient novels as “an expert in all eighteen of the military arts,” Kao Sung-nien, as president, was “fluent” in the disciplines of all three colleges and all ten departments of the school. “Fluent,” that is, in the sense of flowing smoothly, as in “the free flow of trains” or “a smooth intestinal flow.” A few “brief remarks” would go in through the ears and flow directly out of the mouth without stopping for a moment in the brain. One day the Political Science Association held its inaugural meeting and had asked him to give a speech. He could speak volubly on international relations, comparing Fascism with Communism, but maintaining that, in the final analysis, China's present political system was the best. The next day the Literary Study Group was having a social gathering. In his hortatory speech, besides saying poetry and songs were “the soul of the people,” and literature was a “tool for psychological reconstruction,” he encouraged the audience to become India’s Tagore, England’s Shakespeare, France’s-uh-France’s Rousseau (also pronounced ‘loso’), Germany’s Goethe, and America’s - American writers were too numerous. The day after at the Physics Club’s meeting to welcome new members, having no atomic bomb to talk about yet, he could only call out a few times to the theory of relativity, making Einstein, all the way on the other side of the ocean, run a fever in his right ear and even sneeze. Besides this, he could even say “Shit” once or twice during a chat with the military instructor. Surprised and delighted, the instructor looked at him with new respect and considered him one of his own. Today Kao was having an informal meal with a few close friends with women present beside, so of course he adapted differently by cracking jokes and poking fun．2.The increased use of low-energy transportation options such as bicycle sharing, bus rapid transit and traditional subways are providing city dwellers with more flexible, cheaper, and less polluting options. For instance, China will be building over 87 new mass transit rail lines of nearly 2,500 km of length in the next five years alone. If construction continues on this pace, then China’s cities will have half of the world’s metro tracks by 2050. Some novel mass transit concepts have also emerged, such as on-demand busesdeveloped by the University of Tokyo, which replace fixed-route bus lines, by dynamically routing pick-ups and drop-offs based on user demand. These systems improve operational efficiency and reduce carbon emissions by eliminating unnecessary stops.三、写作题（每小题 50 分，共 1 小题，共 50）You are required to write an essay of about 600 words in English based on the title below. Please write your essay on the Answer Sheet, using facts, evidence and your own ideas, knowledge and experience to support your views.Internet + Translation。
广西民族大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题（试卷代号： A卷）科目代码： 622科目名称：基础英语英语语言文学、适用学科专业：外国语言学与应用语言学研究方向：所有方向命题教师签名：考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
I. Vocabulary (20 points)Directions：There are 20 sentences in this part. Each sentence has a word or phrase underlined. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keep the meaning of he original sentence and write down the letter on your answer sheet.1．I didn’t stop at John’s house because he had visitors, and I didn’t want to butt in.A. incurB. intrudeC. inferD. intercept.2. The author dedicated the book to his son.A. inscribedB. submergedC. promotedD. reassured.3. When you are hungry, you will devour what is up before you.A. gulpB. enhanceC. defrayD. doze4. We’d better wait inside until the storm subsides.A. transmitsB. distortsC. migratesD. diminishes5. The union and the company have come to terms on a new contract.A. brought to an endB. called onC. reached an agreement onD. terminated.6. Several dissenting statements were made.A. lengthyB. novelC. unanticipatedD. opposing7. Speaking the truth, he is really stubborn.A. indignantB. obstinateC. ambitiousD. prodigal8. John is interested in and clever at many different things, so he is all-around.A. verticalB. versatileC. verdantD. vernal9. Because it was very contagious, everyone in the family came down with the disease.A. superfluousB. paternalC. sanitaryD. infectious10. If something can be easily seen, we say that it is conspicuous.A. picturesqueB. desolateC. vigorousD. eminent11. The judge’s decision was appealed.A. applaudedB. unexpectedC. appropriateD. challenged12. As an artist, Jim is certainly an amateur, for he has had no training.A. a seniorB. an alienC. a laymanD. a steward13. That is a very interesting hypothesis.A. assumptionB. announcementC. conclusionD. comment14. The agreement between them has been made.A. contentionB. concordC. conjunction D commune15. The warranty period is one year.A. initialB. trialC. guaranteeD. maximum16. During the weekends, they wander idly without purpose in the street.A. rambleB. rumbleC. fumbleD. clamp17. Many sick persons stayed in hospital waiting for the doctor.A. scavengersB. invalidsC. croniesD. deacons18. Mr. Harris has been in a coma for several days.A. very angry B unconscious C distracted D. very busy19. They finally agreed unwillingly.A. consortedB. consoledC. consignedD. conceded20. The returning of his illness surprised us.A. relayB. relapseC. refrainD. refundII. Reading Comprehension: (80 points)Directions:The following two passages are followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and write down the letter on your answer sheet. Passage 1. (10 points, 2 points each)The standardized educational or psychological tests, that are widely used to aid in selecting, classifying, assigning, or promoting students, employees, and military personnel have been the target of recent attacks in books, magazines, the daily press, and even in Congress. The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics turn attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users. The tests themselves are merely tools, with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified condition. Whether the results will be valuable, meaningless, or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself but largely upon the user.All informed predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge of relevant past performance. How well the predictions will be supported by later performance de-ends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. Anyone who keeps careful score knows that the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error.Standardized tests should be considered in this context. They provide a quick, objective method of getting some kinds of information about what a person has learned, the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is the information so obtained has, qualitatively, the same advantages and shortcomings as other kinds of information. Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the evidence from experience, and upon such factors as cost and availability.1. What is the author's attitude towards standardized tests?a. Negativeb. Positivec. Slightly criticald. Both a and b2. Why is the target of attacks considered to be wrong?a. Because the standardized tests are criticized by too many magazinesb. Because the problems of the tests should not be referred to Congressc. Because one fails to notice test users' lack of knowledged. Because attacks shouldn't be made by incompetent users3. "All informed predictions" in Paragraph 2 means all predictions that ________.a. are based on sound knowledge of the testsb. are based on information from the mass mediac. are made by government agenciesd. are made by testes4. One's predictions are never 100% accurate because _______.a. the predictor may not be wise enoughb. the predictor may not nave sufficient experiencec. the predictor never receives complete informationd. the information received is subject to errors5. According to the author, what is the context in which standardized tests should be considered?a. They provide a quick objective methodb. They get information about a particular personc. They provide good quality informationd. They may be partly incorrectPassage 2 (10 points, 2 points for each)When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,” McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isn’t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey:”I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”Those who jumped without a job haven’t always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally inverted,” says one headhunter. “The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.”6. When McGee announced his departure, his manner can best be described as beingA. arrogant.B. frank.C. self-centered.D. impulsive.7. According to Paragraph 2, senior executives’ quitting may be spurred byA. their expectation of better financial status.B. their need to reflect on their private life.C. their strained relations with the boards.D. their pursuit of new career goals.8. The word “poached” (Line 3, Paragraph 4) most probably meansA. approved of.B. attended to.C. hunted for.D. guarded against.9. It can be inferred from the last paragraph thatA. top performers used to cling to their posts.B. loyalty of top performers is getting out-dated.C. top performers care more about reputations.D. it’s safer to stick to the traditional rules.10. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A.CEOs: Where to Go?B.CEOs: All the Way Up?C. Top Managers Jump without a NetD. The Only Way Out for Top PerformersPassage 3Read the following passages carefully and then explain in your own English the exact meaning of the numbered and underlined parts.(30 points, 3 points for each)(1) Being angry increases the risk of injury, especially among men, new research says. The researchers gathered data on more than 2,400 accident victims at three Missouri hospitals. They interviewed each subject to determine the patient’s emotional state just before the injury and 24 hours earlier, gathering data on whether the patients felt irritable, angry or hostile, and to what degree. Then they compared the results with a control group of uninjured people.(2) Despite widespread belief in “road rage,” anger did not correlate with injuries from traffic accidents. (3) Not surprisingly, anger was strongly associated with injuries inflicted deliberately. But other injuries – those neither intentionally inflicted nor from falls or traffic accidents – also showed strong associations with anger.(4) The correlations were significantly weaker for women than for men, but there were no differences by race. The authors acknowledge that their data depend on self-reports, which are not always reliable.(5) Why anger correlates with injury is not known. “I can speculate that the anger may have prompted some behavior that led to the injury, or may have simply distracted the person, leading indirectly to the injury,” said the study’s lead author. (6) It is useful to remember that history is to the nation as memory is to the individual. As persons deprived of memory become disoriented and lost, not knowing where they have been and where they are going, so a nation denied a conception of the past will be disabled in dealing with its present and its future.Passage 4Read the following passages carefully and then explain in your own English the exact meaning of the numbered and underlined parts.(30 points, 3 points for each)History is the best antidote to delusions of omnipotence and omniscience. (7) Self-knowledge is the indispensable prelude to self-control, for the nation as well as for the individual. History should forever remind us of the limits of our passing perspectives. It should strengthen us to resist the pressure to convert momentary impulses into moral absolutes. It should lead us to recognition of the fact, so often and so sadly displayed, that the future outwits all our certitudes and that the possibilities of the future are more various than the human intellect is designed to conceive.(8) A nation informed by a vivid understanding of the ironies of history is best equipped to manage the tragic temptations of military power. Let us not bully our way through life, but let a sensitivity to history temper and civilize our use of power. In the meantime, let a thousand historical flowers bloom. (9) History is never a closed book or a final verdict. It is forever in the interests of an ideology, a religion, a race, and a nation.The great strength of history is its capacity for self-correction. This is the endless excitement of historical writing: the search to reconstruct what went before. (10) A nation’s history must be both the guide and the domain not so much of its historians as its citizens.III. General knowledge (20 points,)A. Fill in each blank with a suitable word which should be written on the answer sheet. (10 points, 1 for each)1. The distinctive phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments are called suprasegmental features, which include ________, _______, and ________.2. In the predication analysis, the basic unit is called predication, which is the abstraction of the meaning of a sentence. It consists of _______ and _______.3. According to Austin’s new model, a speaker might be performing three acts simultaneously when speaking: ________, _________and ________4. According to cognitive linguistics, conceptual ______ and conceptual metonymy are cognitive models.5. “Care” is the ______ of the word “carelessness”.B. Write out the authors of the following works: (4 points, 1 point each)1)The Voice of the City ________________2) Life on the Mississippi _______________3）Song of myself __________________4）Syntactic Structure __________________C. Translate the following into English or Chinese (2 points, 1 point each):1) APEC2) 金砖四国D. Explain the following terms: (4 points, 2 point each)1) ASEAN2) stream of consciousnessIV. Translation (30 points)E-C (15 points)The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.C-E (15 points)一个可能的应对方式（解决办法）是古典音乐表演者发明有吸引力的从唱片上听不到的曲子。
2014年广西民族大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Part Ⅰ. Basic English Knowledge (30%)Section A: Multiple-choice (20 %)Directions: There are forty multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. _____ in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown.A. Unpopular has as white beenB. White has been as unpopularC. Unpopular has been as whiteD. Unpopular as white has been【答案】D【解析】句意：虽然白色过去不受欢迎，但目前它是婚纱的首选颜色。
本题考查的是as的倒装用法。
as是连词，引导让步状语从句时，往往使用半倒装形式。
2. _____ for a long time, the fields are all dried up.A. There has been no rainB. Having no rainC. There having been no rainD. There being no rain【答案】C【解析】句意：这儿很久没下雨了，水田都干了。
本题考查的是独立主格的用法。
have been 表示不下雨很久了，而且是发生在dried up之前，rain应当是主动形态。
3. The millions of calculations involved, _____ by hand, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.A. had they been doneB. they had been doneC. having been doneD. they were done【答案】A【解析】句意：他们要做很多次计算，如果都用手算的话，即便任务完成了，也没用了。
2013年广西民族大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解Part Ⅰ. Terminology and Phrase Translation (30%)Section A. Translate the following terms, phrases or acronyms into Chinese (15 points).1. cloud computing【答案】云计算2. CPI【答案】消费者物价指数（Consumer Price Index）3. energy drink【答案】能量饮料4. relief sculpture【答案】浮雕5. racial segregation【答案】种族隔离6. insurmountable difficulty【答案】难以克服的困难7. to honor international obligations【答案】履行国际义务8. The Communist Manifesto【答案】共产党宣言9. weapon of mass destruction【答案】大规模杀伤性武器10. gracious loser【答案】输得起的人11. landslide victory【答案】压倒性胜利12. conventional disarmament【答案】常规裁军13. FBI【答案】（美国）联邦调查局（Federal Bureau of Investigation）14. correspondence school【答案】函授学校15. international community【答案】国际社会Section B. Translate the following terms, phrases or acronyms into English (15 points).1. 微博用户【答案】microblog user2. 适度腐败【答案】Moderate corruption3. 停薪留职【答案】suspension from duty without pay4. 国际惯例【答案】international conventions5. 区域多边主义【答案】Regional multilateralism6. 不竭动力【答案】inexhaustible driving force7. 长治久安【答案】long period of stability8. 能上能下【答案】prepared for both promotion and demotion9. 最不发达国家【答案】least developed countries10. 互相尊重主权和领土完整【答案】mutual respect of sovereignty and territorial integrity11. 合法权益【答案】legitimate interest12. 恢复行使主权【答案】resume the exercise of sovereignty13. 以我个人的名义【答案】in my own name14. 重温旧情，结交新友【答案】renew old friendship and establish new contacts15. 冤家宜解不宜结【答案】Better to make friends than to make enemies.Part Ⅱ. Passage Translation (120%)1. Translate the following into Chinese (60 points).It is worth saying something about the social position of beggars, for when one has consorted with them, and found that they are ordinary human beings, one cannot help being struck by the curious attitude that society takes towards them. People seem to feel that there is some essential difference between beggars and ordinary “working” men. They are a race apart—outcasts, like criminals and prostitutes. Working men “work,” beggars do not “work”; they are parasites, worthless in their very nature. It is taken for granted that a beggar does not “earn”his living, as a bricklayer or a literary critic “earn” his. He is a mere social excrescence（疣；赘生物）, tolerated because we live in a humane age, but essentially despicable.Yet if one looks closely one sees that there is no essential difference between a beggar’s livelihood and that of numberless respectable people. Beggars do not work, it is said; but, then, what is work? A navvy works by swinging a pick. An accountant works by adding up figures. A beggar works by standing out of doors in all weathers and getting varicose veins, chronic bronchitis, etc. It is a trade the likes any other; quite useless, of course—but, then, many reputable trades are quite useless. And as a social type a beggar compares well with scores of others. He is honest compared with the sellers of most patent medicines, high-minded compared with a Sunday newspaper proprietor, amiable compared with ahire-purchase tout—in short, a parasite, but a fairly harmless parasite. He seldom extracts more than a bare living from the community, and, what should justify him according to our ethical ideas, he pays for it over and over in suffering. I do not think there is anything about a beggar that sets him in a different class from other people, or gives most modern men the right to despise him.【参考译文】关于乞丐的社会地位是一个值得谈论的话题，因为当人们和乞丐结交认识后，人们才会发现他们也是普通的人类，和我们一样。
