铁路专业英语

铁道车辆专业英语 Final approval draft on November 22, 2020Chapter1IntroductiontoRailwayLocomotive机车freightwagon货车passengercoach客车multipleunits动车组metrocar地铁车辆lightrail轻轨railwayservicecars铁路服务车Rail铁轨standardgauge标准轨距narrowgauge,broadgauge窄轨，宽轨Trackbed道床Sleeper，枕木Crosstie枕木Ballast,subballast，道砟，底部道砟fastener紧固件Turnout道岔Derail(derailment)脱轨Crossing平交道口colliery:煤矿quarry：采石场flangedsteelwheels：有凸缘钢轮copperore：铜矿speakof：谈到，提及backbone：骨干bulkfreight：散装货物masscommutationtraffic:大规模通勤运输shorthaul:短途运输Merchandisetraffic：货物运输Depreciation：(反-appreciation)，减值，折旧，贬值Settling：沉降，沉积bulkfreight：散装货物Subgrade:地基，路基Soilstratum:地层Embankment：堤坝Trimoff：修剪Organictopsoil:有机表层土Civilengineering:土木工程Earthwork:土方，土方工程Gravitywall：重力墙Drainage:排水系统，排水装置Realestate：房地产，不动产Crane：起重机Tamper：捣固机Trolley：台车，手推车，电车Headway：进展，向目标前进Chapter2TheTrainCoach,carriage，客车Monorail单轨Refrigeratorwagon冷藏车High-speedrailways高速铁路Maglev磁悬浮Open-toppedwagon敞顶车Cograilway嵌齿铁路Rubber-tiredunderground橡胶轮地铁Siding旁轨，支线Freighttrain货运列车Passengertrain旅客列车Heavyfreight重载货运Sleepingcar卧铺车Diningcar餐车Run-aroundtrack调车线Inter-citytrain城际列车Localtrain管内列车，慢车Elctrictraction电力牵引Stopper慢车Double-deckedpassengertrain双层旅客列车Motorcar（trailercar）动力车（拖车）Container集装箱车Tanker罐车Drivingcab司机室TOFC平板拖车Boxwagon棚车Coupler车钩Maintenanceofway道路维护Long-distancetrain长途列车ChannelTunnel海峡隧道parcel:package包裹Travellingpostoffices：移动邮局Centrifugalforce：离心力pram：婴儿车Wheelchair：轮椅Conurbation：有卫星城市的大都市elevatedstructure：高架结构Accelerate(decelerate):加速（减速）Tram,trolley,streetcar:有轨电车Flexibility：机动，灵活Lowloder：低架拖车Sneakinto：偷偷地摸进Stowaway：偷乘，搭白车Fatality：disasterKit：工具包，装备earnone‘skeep：值得雇用,挣饭吃Showup：揭露，露出Deadendterminal：闭塞终端Bufferstop：止冲器Crossover：转辙轨Locomotiveescape：机车折返Phaseout：逐步淘汰，逐步停止Intensiveservice：auxiliaryequipment：辅助设备,备用设备,附属设备Heavymaintenance：大修Whilst：时时，同时，whilePush-pull：推挽Intervalservice：Keepatforefrontof：保持在……最前沿trainloading：列车运载量Traincapacity：列车运载能力Densityofpassengers：乘客密度Loadfactor：上座率Patronage：保护，光顾，赞助Highdegreeofstandardisation:高度标准化Headstock,endsill,pilot：endbeamBellmouth：钟形口，喇叭口Lineup：整队，排列Semipermanentcoupler：半永久车钩Beboltedtogether：螺栓连接Cushioning：减震，缓冲Uncoupling：解钩，拆开（反，coupling）Buckeye,KnuckleandJanneycoupler:詹式车钩Couplerknuckle(jaw)：钩舌Couplerhead：钩头Hingepin:折页销Fullyautomaticcoupler：全自动车钩Disengage：脱离pneumatical：风力的，空气的Keepingoodworkingorder：保持正常运转状态Drawgear：牵引装置Bolt：螺栓Pedal：踏板Funicular:索道Coupleralignmentbar：车钩调直杆Pushbutton：按钮Shockabsorber：减震器Multicorecable：多芯电缆Chapter7RailwayCars(1)Baggage行列车Coach客车Combine合造车Dome圆顶车Lounge游乐车Dinner餐车Observation了望车Sleeper,sleepingcar,Pullman卧铺车RPO铁路邮政车Housingcar封闭车Autorack,autocarrier汽车运输车Boxcar,orvan棚车Refrigeratorcar,reefer冷藏车Stockcar牲畜车Opentopcar敞车Gondola敞车Hopper漏斗车Ballastcar砟车Flatcar平车Depressed-centerflatcar凹底平车Piggybackcar背负式车Schnabelcar钳夹车Tankcar罐车Caboose守车Snowplow除雪犁Dynamometercar动力检测（试验）车Encompasss:包围，环绕，构成，包括Listedinalphabeticorder:按字母顺序排列lining:衬里，衬套，内层，linedwithContamination：污染，玷污Corrosiveaction：腐蚀作用Stainlesssteel：不锈钢Glassenamel：玻璃釉彩，搪瓷Pocketforstake:柱插口Tie-downpoint：栓柱Manualbrakeequipment:手制动Airbrakeequipment:空气制动primaryunderframe:主车架，主底架Cumbersome:笨重的Intermodalshipping:联合运输Tonnage：吨位log：木材，原木Lumber：木材Slopedown：向下斜Scrapmetal:金属屑，废金属Aggregate：粒料，总计，聚集Woodchip：木屑，木片Dropend：落端门Shovel：铲Perishablefreight：易腐货物spoiling:变坏，损毁Insulation：绝缘层，保温层Keepout：Coolingsystem：冷却系统Coldbrine：冷盐水Waterproof：防水的Airtight：密封的，气密的Warehouse：仓库，库房Breakage：破坏，破损Barrel：桶Drum：鼓型圆桶safetyvalve：安全阀Chapter8RailwayCars(2)FormoreinformationseeTiltingtrain摆式列车Head-endequipment车端设备Branchline支线Air-conditionedhardseatcar空调硬座车seatingcapacity定员Lengthbetweentruckpivotcenters车辆定距tareweight空重Clearance间隙Wheelbase轴距Gauge轨距Constructionalspeed构造速度Wheeldiameter车轮直径Stanhope:轻便马车enroute：在途中Streamlined：流线型的Ornate:装饰的,华丽的,(文体)绚丽的todate：到此为止Aluminumsteel：铝钢，含铝钢evolveinto：发展[进化]成Fluted：有凹槽的Conveyance：运输Rowuponrow：一排排，一行行carry-on：手提行李，手提的Aisle：走廊Partitionedinto:分割，分隔开efficiencyapartment：有小厨房和卫生设备的小套公寓房间，公寓小套间Interior：内部Galley：厨房Recede：后退，倒退，变得模糊Felloutofuse:开始不用，渐废Vantage：优势，有利情况Roofline：屋顶轮廓线Dumbwaiter：楼上楼下送饭菜的小升降机，可移动的上菜架或上菜桌Aluminumofhighstrengthalloy：高强度铝合金pane:长方块,尤指窗格,窗格玻璃,边,面，方框Vestibule:门廊,前厅Chapter9BogieRidecomfort乘坐舒适性Irregularity轨道不平顺Wheeltread车轮踏面Suspension悬挂系统Treadgradient踏面锥度Flange轮缘Runningperformance运行品质Articulatedbogies铰接式转向架Lowercenterofgravity低重心Swinghanger摇枕吊Bolsterbogie摇枕转向架Bolsterlessbogie无摇枕转向架Wheelsethunting轮对蛇行Anti-yawdamper抗蛇行减震器Suspensiongear悬挂装置JR日本铁路Bogieframe构架Lateraldamper横向减震器Tractiontransferdevice牵引装置Brakeequipment制动装置Axlebearingandaxlebox轴箱轴承及轴箱Axlespring轴箱弹簧Brakedisk制动盘Tractionmotor牵引电机Gearbox齿轮箱，减速箱Wheelset轮对Tractionforce牵引力Airspring,airbag空气弹簧Sidebeam侧梁Coilspring圆弹簧Crossbeam横梁Presswelding压力焊Bearing轴承Supportrigidity支撑刚度Pedestalswingspringtype导框式定位Play，游间，游隙，摆动量Leafspring板弹簧 IStypeIS拉板式定位Bendingstrength弯曲强度Unsprungmass(weight)Non-sprungmass簧下质量Axlebeamtype转臂式定位Cylindricalrollerbearing圆柱滚子轴承Ballbearing球轴承Overhaul大修Nosesuspensiondevice轴悬，臂式悬挂装置Cardandrivingdevice万向轴驱动Torqueconverter变扭器Wheeltreadbrake踏面制动Discbrake盘型制动Brakeshoe闸瓦Frictionalheat摩擦热Brakepad制动闸片Motorbraking动力制动Quilldrive空心轴驱动Hollowshaft空心轴Gearwheel,drivengear从动齿轮Pinion,drivinggear主动齿轮Electriclocomotive电力机车Railhead轨头Reprofile镟修Wheel/railinterface轮轨关系Lubricant润滑物Flattedwheel车轮擦伤Bogietransom转向架横梁Brakecylinder制动缸Parkingbrake停车制动Heavydutybrake重载制动Framemountedmotor架悬式电机Liftinglug吊耳Gearbox齿轮箱Compressedair压缩空气WSP(wheelslideprotection)车轮防滑装置Speedsensor速度传感器Pendulum(titling)bogie摆式转向架Servicelife使用寿命Designconcept设计理念Runningspeed运行速度Maximumspeed最大速度Lateralforce横向力Transitioncurve过渡曲线Circularcurve圆曲线Self-steeringbogie自导向转向架Runningstability运行平稳性Forcedsteeringbogie迫导向转向架Obscurity:隐蔽，偏僻，含糊Abrasion：磨耗Intermsof：accordingtoIncomparisonto:对比Besensitiveto：对……敏感Rotationalresistance:回转阻尼Harmonic:谐波,和声,谐函数Isolate…from…:隔离Becommercializedfor:商业化，商品化Weldingtechnology:焊接技术Generalstructure：一般结构Rolledsteel：钢材，轧制钢Seamlesssteelpipe:无缝钢管Criticalcomponent：关键部件Corrugatedwheel:波形辐板车轮Susceptibleto：易受影响的Massimbalance：动量不平衡Resonance：共振Putintoservice:投入运营，交付使用Rightanglecardandrivingdevice:直角万向轴驱动装置Impede：stopForgedsteel：锻钢Porcupine:豪猪Rubberbushedlinks:用橡胶衬里的连杆Gearwheel：大齿轮Inrelationto:withregardto，关于，涉及，与……比较Degreeofconing:锥度Squealingnoise：尖啸Flangeorrailgreasing：轮缘或轨道油脂Slippage:滑动Weledsteelboxformat：焊接箱型结构Pressagainst:压向Neutralsection:分相区Leadingbogie：导向架Chapter10VehicleSuspensionVehiclesuspension车辆悬挂系统Cushionsystem缓冲系统Laminatedsteelspring板弹簧Axleload轴重Carryingload载重Springhanger弹簧吊Springlank弹簧托板Swinglink吊杆Sideframe侧架，侧梁Sidebearer(bearing)旁承 Centerbearing下心盘Equalizerbarsuspension均衡梁式悬挂系统Commonwealthbogie均衡梁式转向架Levellingvalve高度调节阀Solidrubbersuspensionpack橡胶堆悬挂系统Parlance:idiom，谈话，说法，用法Taketheformofleafsteelspring:采用板弹簧型式Securingstrap：保护带，安全带Beleftoutforsimplicity:为简便起见，不显示（去掉）……Endon:从一端看，从端面看，一端向前地Rivete：铆钉，固定Sideview：侧视图Simplifieddiagram：简图Sidewaysmovement：侧面运动Reversal：逆转Durability：耐久性,耐用性;坚固Axleboxyoke：轴箱轭RubberChevron：V型橡胶Boardingandalighting:上车，落下Intermittentgentlehissing:断断续续的轻微的咝咝声Alightfrom：走下来，下车Chapter11BrakingKineticenergy动能Airbrakesorpneumaticbrakes空气制动Brakepipe列车管，制动管Compressor空气压缩机Mainreservoir主风缸Driver’sbrakevalve司机阀Equalisingreservoir均衡风缸Feedvalve给气阀；进给阀Anglecock截断塞门，折角塞门Hose橡胶软管（制动软管）Auxiliaryreservoir辅助风缸Triplevalve三通阀Brakecylinder制动缸Brakeblock闸瓦Relayvalve延迟阀Failsafe失效安全Frictionmaterial摩擦材料Compositionmaterial复合材料Brakerigging制动装置Rateofapplication制动倍率Slidevalve滑阀Graduatingvalve递动阀，节制阀Regulatingvalve调整阀，调节阀Propagationrate制动波速Distributor分配阀Diaphragm，膜片Throttle节流阀slackaction列车冲动E-Pbrake电空制动Dynamicbraking动力制动Rheostaticbraking电阻制动Regenerativebraking再生制动Psi:Poundspersquareinch磅/平方英尺Replenished:补充Trigger:打开，激发，引起Distributor：分配阀Sophisticated：复杂的Choke：阻气门Inshot：跃升装置;跃升timelapse：时滞,时延Elusive：令人困惑的;油滑的;难记忆的Spur：踢马剌,剌激物,刺激Essentialingredient：关键因素Thyristor：闸流晶体管;半导体开关元件;可控硅;硅可控整流器Circuitry:电路,线路Resistor：电阻器Powerelectronic：电力电子Chapter12DepotsandWorkshopsSlidingdoor滑动门，塞拉门Routineexamination常规检查Consumable易损易耗件Maintenanceregime维修体制Existingrailway既有铁路Maintenancemanagement维修管理Interchangeability互换性Operatingpattern运行模式Converging聚集，会合Marshalling编组Electrifiedrailway电气化铁路currentcollectionequipment吸流装置Audit审计Performanceindicator绩效指标maintenancestandard维修标准Commonsense:常识Revisit：再访,重游,重临Drawon:戴上,吸收,利用,引诱,向...提取,招来,临近Rectify：矫正,调整Progressivelyadverseeffecton:日益增加的反作用Morale：士气，民心Upholstery:室内装潢Clomaticcondition:天气条件OfequalimportanceChore：家务杂事Contractual：契约的Goodaccesstocomponents：零部件的易接近性Superfluous：多余的,过剩的,过量的Watertight：不漏水的,水密的Thwarted：反对;阻挠,挫败,妨碍Overlook：俯瞰,耸出,远眺,没注意到Refitting：整修,改装premise:房产;房屋Planningstage：计划阶段Termini：目的地,界标，terminus的复数Converging：集中，收敛，会聚Proximity：接近,亲近Jack：插孔,插座,起重器,千斤顶,男人Inspectionpit：检查坑Walkway：走道,人行道Wheelturningfacility：车轮加工设备ConstructedwashroadDe-icingarrangement：防止结冰,装以除冰装置,除冰Firealarm：火灾报警Chapter13DevelopingMaglevTrainsMagneticfield磁场Maglev磁悬浮Propulsion推进Levitation悬浮Guidance导向Attractiveforce吸引力Ferromagnetic电磁铁的Magneticrepulsion磁力推进Superconductingmagnet超导磁体Linearmotor线性电机Magnetizingrail磁化轨道Payloadweight负载Dynamicload动载荷Electrodynamicsuspension,EDS电力悬浮Electromagneticsuspension,EMS电磁悬浮Noconsensusexistson:Levitate:(使)轻轻浮起,(使)飘浮空中Cryogenics:低温学Linearsynchronousmotor:LSM同步直线电机Linearinductionmotor:LIM直线感应电机Gasturbine：燃气涡轮Turboprop：涡轮螺旋桨发动机Concurrently：同时发生的事件，并发的,协作的,一致的Availabilitycrisis：Metropolitan：大城市Turbulence：骚乱,动荡,(液体或气体的)紊乱HSGT，high-speedGroundTransportationACT:FRA:FederalRailroadAdministration联邦铁路管理局[美]Chapter14PowerSupplyofElectricTractionPowersupply供电Electrictractionsystem电力牵引系统Overheadwire接触网Powertransmission电力传输Thirdrail第三轨Collector受流器Pantograph受电弓Returncircuit回路Substation配电站Earthingprotection接地保护Signallingcircuit信号电路Catenary接触网Dropper吊线Electricarc电弧Mast柱子Boostertransformer,BT吸流变流器Returnwire回流线Trackmagnet轨道磁铁Neutralsection分相区Communicationcable通信线缆Pigtail引线Diaper:尿布Inparallelwith:与...平行,与...同时,与...并联Microprocessor:微处理器Gripwith:掌握，理解Electrolysis:电解Insulated：绝缘的，insulation,insulatorManhole:(锅炉,下水道供人出入检修用的)人孔,检修孔Atone’speril:由某人自担风险Takeprecautionstodo:采取防范措施Aggravate:使恶化,加重Stitching:用U字钉钉箱,缝纫Sag:松弛,下陷,下垂,(物价)下跌,漂流Evacuate:疏散,撤出,排泄Visualintrusion:视觉障碍，妨碍Chapter15TheLightRailTransitionCBI英国工业联合会Urbantransportpolicy城市交通政策Urbansprawl城市扩张Lightrail轻轨Roadtransport路面交通Steepgradient大坡道sharpcurve小半径曲线Criteria标准Congestedurbanarea：拥挤的城市区域HouseofCommonsTransportCommittee:上议院交通委员会Congested：拥挤的Pedestrians：步行者Cyclists：骑脚踏车的人Publictransportuser；公共交通使用者Motorists：乘汽车者AMA：AssociationofMetropolitanAuthorities Intractable：难处理的Down-marketed：价廉质次的,低档市场的Parkandride：停车换乘Pollutant：污染物质Resurgence：复苏Overambitious：野心太大的Tyne：泰恩河Underutilized：为充分利用的Newcastle：纽卡斯尔。

铁路工程专业英语中2014年6月12日线路工程railway line engineering铁路勘测;铁道勘测railway reconnaissance铁路选线;铁道选线railway route selection; railway location; approximate railway location; location of railway route selection经济勘察economic investigation地质调查geological survey; geologic survey方案比较project comparison铁路勘探;铁道勘探railway exploration铁路测量;铁道测量railway survey线路测量route survey; profile survey; longitudinal survey曲线测量curve survey既有线测量survey of existing line; survey of existing railway铁路线路图;铁道线路图railway map定线location of line铁路设计;铁道设计railway design线路设计track design平面设计plane design纵断面设计longitudinal section design横断面设计transverse section design曲线设计curve design车站设计station design站场设计design of stations and yards标准设计standard design线路等级line grade铁路限界;铁道限界railway clearance建筑限界construction clearance设计规范code of design设计标准design standard铁路线路;铁道线路railway line铁路曲线;铁道曲线railway curve缓和曲线transition curve; easement curve; spiral transition curve 小半径曲线small-radius curve曲线半径curve radius曲线超高superelevation on curve; cant; elevation of curve欠超高inadequate superelevation; deficient superelevation未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration竖曲线vertical curve坡道gradient坡度grade; gradient; slope限制坡度ruling grade; limiting grade坡度折减grade compensation; compensation of gradient; gradient compensation避难线refuge siding; catch siding双线插入段double track interpolation铁路连接线;铁道连接线railway connecting line隧道内线路line in tunnel桥头引线bridge approach站线siding站线长度length of station line铁路标志;铁道标志railway sign警冲标fouling point indicator; fouling post线路中心线track center line; central lines of track线间距离;线间距distance between centers of lines; distance between centers of tracks; midway between tracks线路试验;线路实验track test; road test; running test路基subgrade铁路路基;路基;铁道路基railway subgrade;subgrade软土路基soft soil subgrade沙漠路基desert subgrade冻土路基permafrost subgrade膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone路基基床subgrade bed路堤embankment; fill高路堤high-fill embankment路堑cut; road cutting深路堑deep cutting路肩road shoulder; subgrade shoulder边坡side slope护坡revetment; slope protection; pitching路基滑动subgrade slip滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment路基排水subgrade drainage塑料排水板plastic drainage board路基加固subgrade strengthening土工织物geotextile挡土墙;挡墙retaining walls锚定板anchor plate锚杆anchor bolt抗滑桩antiskid pile; anti-slide pile; counter-sliding pile 加筋土reinforced earth植被vegetation路基防护subgrade protection防护工程protective engineering防护林protection forest防沙sand proof固沙stabilization of sand输导砂sediment transport路侧建筑物roadside structure排水沟weeper drain; weep drain; drainage ditch; drain ditch 挡风墙wind-shield wall; wind-break wall隔声墙sound-proof wall防雪栅snow fence; snow guard轨道理论track theory轨道设计track design轨道参数track parameter轨距track gauge; rail gage; rail gauge轨距加宽track gauge widening轨底坡cant of rail; rail cant轨道力学track dynamics; track mechanics轨道强度track strength轨道阻力track resistance道床阻力trackbed resistance; ballast resistance扣固力fastening force钢轨应力rail stress轨道承载力track bearing capacity轨道稳定性track stability; stability of track轨道试验;轨道实验track test轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction; wheel-rail relation轮轨动力学wheel-rail dynamics轮轨作用力wheel-rail force轮轨接触wheel-rail contact接触应力contact stress轨道结构track structure轨道track铁路轨道;轨道;铁道轨道railway track; track线路上部建筑;轨道track superstructure; track重型轨道heavy track宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track板式轨道slab track; slab-track整体道床轨道monolithic roadbed track防振轨道anti-vibration track高架轨道elevated track无缝线路jointless line; continuously welded rail track; jointless track桥上轨道结构bridge deck track structure隧道内轨道结构track structure in tunnel钢轨steel rail重型钢轨heavy rail长钢轨long rail焊接长钢轨long welded rail缩短轨shortened rail; standard shortened rail; fabricated short rail used on curves; standard curtailed rail热处理钢轨heat-treated rail合金钢轨alloy steels rail旧钢轨used rail钢轨钢rail steel钢轨螺栓孔rail bolt hole轨缝rail gap; joint gap钢轨焊缝rail welding seam钢轨接头rail joint异型接头compromise joint伸缩接头expansion joint焊接接头welding joint; welded joint绝缘接头track section insulator; insulated joint胶接接头adhesive joint鱼尾板fish plate鱼尾螺栓fish bolt扣件fastening; rail fastening弹性扣件elastic fastening; elastic rail fastening弹条式扣件elastic rod type fastening分开式扣件separated fastening; separated rail fastening; indirect holding fastening扣板式扣件clip fastening刚性扣件rigid fastening垫圈ring道钉spike; track spike; rail spike; dog spike螺纹道钉threading spike; screw spike垫板tie-plate; tie plate橡胶垫板rubber tie-plate; rubber tie plate防爬器anticreeper; anti-creeper; rail anchor轨距拉杆gauge tie rod轨下基础underrail foundation; sub-rail foundation; sub-rail track bed轨枕sleeper; tie; cross tie木枕wooden sleeper; wooden tie混凝土枕;砼枕concrete sleeper; concrete tie轨枕板;宽轨枕sleeper slab; broad sleeper钢枕steel sleeper; steel tie合成轨枕composite sleeper纵向轨枕longitudinal tie岔枕points sleeper; switch tie; turnout tie桥枕bridge tie; bridge sleeper轨排track panel; track skeleton枕下胶垫rubber pad under sleeper道床track bed; ballast bed碎石道床ballast bed整体道床monolithic track bed; solid bed; integrated ballast bed; monolithic concrete bed沥青道床bituminous roadbed; asphalt roadbed; asphalt cemented ballast bed石棉道床asbestos ballast道碴ballast道床覆盖ballast cover轨道附属设备track auxiliary equipment钢轨涂油器rail lubricator融雪器snow melter复轨器replacer; re-railer; rerailing device脱轨器derailer车挡bumper; bumper post道岔switch; point; turnout; switches and crossings单开道岔single point; simple turnout; lateral turnout双开道岔double turnout三开道岔three-throw turnout; symmetrical three throw turnout; three-way turnout交分道岔slip switch高速道岔high-speed switch切线型道岔tangent turnout道岔设计turnout design过岔速度switch crossing speed辙叉frog; crossing整铸辙叉integrated cast frog锰钢辙叉manganese steel frog crossing焊接辙叉welding frog crossing组合辙叉combined frog; assembled frog可动心轨辙叉movable point frog; movable-point frog可动翼轨辙叉movable wing rails; movable-wing frog尖轨switch point; point tongue; switch rail; tongue rail; blade 滑床板slide chair; slide plate; switch plate基本轨stock rail翼轨wing rail护轮轨guard rail导曲线curve of turnout; lead curve道岔附带曲线curve following turnout branch line交叉crossing渡线track cross-over; crossover通过道岔passing switch铁路道口;铁道道口railway crossing平交道口level crossing道口板crossing slab道口路面crossing road surface立体交叉;立交grade separation线路施工track construction石方工程rock excavation土方工程earthwork填方filling挖方cutting土方调拨mass dispatching线路施工机械track construction machinery and equipment 轨道施工track construction轨道工程track construction轨道铺设track laying铺碴ballasting轨枕铺设sleeper laying铺轨rail-laying轨排组装track panel assembling轨排装运track panel loading轨排基地track panel base钢轨焊接rail welding钢轨热处理rail heat treatment钢轨铺设rail laying钢轨锁定rail locking道岔铺设switch laying轨道施工机械track construction machinery铺轨列车tracklaying train; track laying train铺轨机rail-laying machine; track laying machine钢轨焊接车rail welding car焊轨机steel rails welding mill; rail welding machine 轨排组装机track panel assembling machine轨排运送车track panel transport car铺枕机sleeper-laying machine铺碴车ballasting car铺碴机ballasting machine铺道岔机turnout-laying machine焊接长钢轨运送车welding long rails transport car 动力稳定车dynamic track stabilizer线路状态track state路基病害subgrade defect沉降settlement坍方落石;危石collapse rock翻浆冒泥frost boiling; mud-pumping路基壅水subgrade water damming路基渗流subgrade seepage flow路基冲刷subgrade erosion振动液化vibration liquefaction冻融freezing and thawing冻胀frost heaving冻害freezing damage; frost heaving雪害snow damage; snow blockade; snow drift沙害sand damage轨道状态track condition轨道变形track deformation; track disorder; track distortion 轨道不平顺track irregularity低接头depression of joint三角坑warp; twist钢轨爬行rail creeping涨轨跑道;钢轨鼓曲buckled track; rail buckle钢轨疲劳rail fatigue钢轨伤损rail failure; rail defects and failures钢轨断裂rail fracture钢轨裂纹rail crack; rail cracks轨头剥离rail head shelling; gage line shelly cracks钢轨锈蚀rail bubble; rail corrosion钢轨磨耗rail wearing波形磨耗;波浪磨耗undulatory wear螺孔裂纹bolt hole crack辙叉伤损;辙叉损伤frog failure木枕开裂wooden sleeper cracking轨枕伤损;轨枕伤损sleeper damage道床脏污ballast contamination线路养护track maintenance线路维修track maintenance; maintenance of track日常维修routine maintenance; current maintenance状态修repairing on condition; repair according to condition巡回检查inspection tour轨道检测机具track detection equipment道尺track gauge轨道检测track detection灾害检测装置disaster detector超声波探伤仪ultrasonic flaw detector钢轨探伤车rail detecting car; rail flaw detection car轨道检查车;轨检车track inspection car; track recording car 高速轨道检查车;高速轨检车high-speed track inspection car 养路作业track maintenance operation起道track lifting; raising of track垫碴起道ballast filling track lifting改道track realigning; gage correction; gaging of track拨道track lining捣固tamping除草weeding除草剂herbicide除雪snow clearing防冻anti-freezing融雪snow melt融雪剂snow melt agent钢轨加热rail heating钢轨打磨rail grinding钢轨矫直straightening of kinked rail 钢轨更换rail replace钢轨探伤rail detecting钢轨焊补rail repairing welding轨缝调整rail gap adjusting应力放散stress-relieving钢轨温度rail temperature钢轨涂油rail lubrication轨枕更换sleeper replacement扣件作业fastening operation轨枕修补sleeper mending枕木防腐timber sleeper treating道岔养护switch maintenance道岔更换switch replacement辙叉焊补frog welding and repairing道床作业ballast operation道碴清筛ballast screening道碴更换ballast replacement道床整形ballast trimming曲线养护curved track maintenance线路管理系统track management system养路组织track maintenance organization养路计划track maintenance planning维修天窗maintenance time维修周期maintenance period养路安全track maintenance safety列车接近警报器;列车接近报警器;列车接近报警装置train approach warning device养路质量track maintenance quality养路机械化track maintenance mechanization线路中修intermediate repair of track起道修;线路中修track raising repair; track intermediate overhaul 线路大修major repair of track线路更新;线路大修track renewal; track overhauling线路修复track restoration铁路抢修;铁道抢修railway emergency maintenance养路机械track maintenance machine起道机track lifting machine拨道机track lining machine起拨道机track lifting and lining machine捣固机tamping machine捣固车tamping wagon道床夯拍机ballast compactor配碴整形机ballast distributing and trimming machine; ballast distributing and regulating machine道碴清筛机ballast cleaner扒碴机crib ballast removers道碴更换机ballast replacement equipment道床清扫机ballast cleaning machine轨枕更换机sleeper replacement equipment钢轨更换机rail replacement equipment钢轨打磨机rail grinding machine钢轨打磨车rail grinding wagon直轨器rail straightening tool; rail straightener锯轨机rail saw; rail cutting machine; rail sawing machine钢轨钻孔机rail drilling machine钢轨加热器rail heater轨缝调整器rail gap adjuster; rail puller道钉机spike driver除雪机snowbreaker; snow removing machine; snow remover除雪车snow-fighting vehicle; snow plow; snow plough除草机weeder; weed cutting machine; weed cutter清沟机ditcher碎冰机ice crusher养路机具track maintenance implements液压机具hydraulic tool轨道车track car上下道装置up and down track device发电车mobile power plant car; generator car综合养路机械comprehensive track maintenance machine机械化养路基地mechanized maintenance base工务部门maintenance of way branch大修队capital repair brigade工务段engineering district; maintenance of way section; track division; track district; track maintenance division养路员工track maintenance worker工务修配厂maintenance of way shop焊轨厂rail welding plant枕木防腐厂timber sleeper treating plant采石场quarry;stonepit铁路；铁道railway railroad铁路线railway line；railroad line铁路网railway network；railroad network铁道科学railway science铁路技术railway technology铁路等级railway classification国有铁路national railway；state railway地方铁路local railway；regional railway私有铁路private railway合资铁路joint investment railway；jointly owned railway 标准轨铁路standard-gage railway窄轨铁路narrow-gage railway米轨铁路meter-gage railway宽轨铁路broad-gage railway单线铁路single track railway双线铁路double track railway多线铁路multiple track railway重载铁路heavy haul railway高速铁路high speed railway电气化铁路；电力铁路electrified railway；electric railway 干线铁路main line railway；trunk railway市郊铁路suburban railway地下铁道；地铁subway；metro；underground railway工业企业铁路industry railway矿山铁路mine railway轻轨铁路light railway；light rail高架铁路elevated railway单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail；monorail railway磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway；maglev森林铁路forest railway山区铁路mountain railway既有铁路existing railway新建铁路newly-built railway改建铁路reconstructed railway运营铁路railway in operation；operation；operating railway 专用铁路special purpose railway干线trunk line；main line支线branch line铁路专用线railway special line货运专线railway line for freight traffic；freight special line；freight traffic only line客运专线railway line for passenger traffic；passenger special line；passenger traffic only line客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freighttraffic铁路运营长度；运营里程operation length of railway；operating distance；revenue length列车运行图train diagram铁路建筑长度construction length of railway区间section区段district轨距rail gage；rail gauge轮重wheel load轴重axle load最大轴重maximum allowable axle load限制轴重axle load limited限界clearance；gauge限界图clearance diagram铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance；structure clearance for railway；基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance；fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界bridge construction clearance；bridge structure gauge隧道建筑界限tunnel construction clearance；tunnel structure gauge铁路机车车辆限界rolling stock clearance for railway；vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock装载限界loading clearance limit；loading gauge阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension；clearance limit for oversize commodities接触网限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire；clearance limit for overhead catenary system；overhead catenary system gauge列车与线路相互作用track-train interaction轮轨关系wheel-rail relation；wheel-rail interaction粘着系数adhesion coefficient车轮滑行wheel sliding；wheel skid车轮空转wheel slipping牵引种类kinds of traction；category of traction牵引方式mode of traction牵引定数tonnage rating；tonnage of traction装载系数loading coefficient速度speed持续速度continuous speed限制速度limited speed；speed restriction均衡速度balancing speed构造速度construction speed；design speed最高速度maximum speed临界速度critical speed重载列车heavy haul train高速列车high speed train超长超重列车exceptionally long and heavy train 列车正面冲突train collision列车尾追train tail collision列车尾部防护train rear end protection伸缩运动fore and aft motion蛇行运动hunting；nosing列车压缩train running in列车拉伸train running out列车分离train separation列车颠覆train overturning列车动力学train dynamics列车空气动力学train acrodynamics机车车辆振动vibration of rolling stock纵向振动longitudinal vibration横向振动lateral vibration垂向振动vertical vibration摆滚振动rock-roll vibration浮沉振动bouncing；vibration测滚振动rolling ；vibration测摆振动swaying；vibration点头振动pitching；nodding摇头振动yawing；hunting机车车辆共振resonance of rolling stock机车车辆冲击impact of rolling纵向冲击longitudinal impact横向冲击lateral impact垂向冲击vertical impact货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations at freight station行车指挥自动化automation of traffic control编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard铁路运营信息系统railway operation information system铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system运营系统模拟simulation of operation system铁路法railway law铁道法规railway act铁路条例railway code铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation综合运输comprehensive transport；multi-mode transport；intermode transport国际铁路联运international railway through traffic大陆桥；洲际铁路transcontinental railway；intercontinental railway；land-railway国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic铁路新线建设newly-built railway construction铁路技术改造technical reform of railway；technical renovation of railway；betterment and improvement of railway铁路主要技术条件main technical standard of railway；main technical requirement of railway单位工程unit project分部工程part project分项工程item project预可行性研究pre-feasibility study项目建议书proposed task of project可行性研究feasibility study设计阶段design phase；design stage三阶段设计three-step design；three-phase design两阶段设计two-step design；two-phase design一阶段设计one-step design；one-phase design初步设计preliminary design技术设计technical design扩大初步设计enlarged preliminary design；expanded preliminary design施工图设计construction detail design；working-drawing design 变更设计altered design设计概算approximate estimate of design；budgetary estimate of design个别概算individual approximate estimate综合概算comprehensive approximate estimate总概算sum of approximate estimate；total estimate；summary estimate修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate；revised general estimate调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算checking of investment预算定额rating of budget；rating form for budget概算定额rating of approximate estimate；rating form for estimate 投资估算investment estimate估算指标index of estimate机械台班定额rating per machine per team；rating per machine-team工程直接费direct expense of project；direct cost of project工程间接费indirect expense of project；indirect cost of project 工程预备费reserve fund of project设计鉴定certification of design；appraisal of design竣工决算final accounts of completed project铁路用地right-of-way铁路勘测railway reconnaissance调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation；investigation survey；investigation surveying and sketching地形调查topographic survey地貌调查topographic feature survey；geomorphologic survey 地质调查geologic survey经济调查economic investigation；economic survey水文地质调查hydrogeologic survey土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock土石分类classification of soil and rock地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation；bearing capacity of ground；bearing of subgrade隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock地质图测绘survey and drawing of geological map；surveying and sketching of geological map勘探exploration；prospecting挖探excavation prospecting钻探boring；exploration drilling物探geophysical prospecting室内测试indoor test；laboratory test原位测试in situ test静力触探static sounding；static probing；cone penetration test 动力触探试验dynamic penetration test标准贯入试验standard penetration test区域地质regional geology工程地质engineering geology不良地质unfavorable geology特殊地质special geology工程地质条件engineering geologic；requirement；engineering geologic condition气象资料meteorological data冻结深度freezing depth地震基本烈度basic intensity of earthquake；seismic basic intensity工程地质图engineering geological map地层柱状图column diagram of stratum；graphic logs of strata；drill log of stratum洪水调查flood survey河道调查river course survey冰凌调查ice floe survey；frazil ice survey汇水区流域特征调查survey of catchment basin characteristics 水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing；hydrologic section；hydrologic cross-section主河槽main river channel设计流速design current velocity设计高程；设计标高design elevation河流比降slope of river；comparable horizon of river历史洪水位historic flood level最高水位highest water level；HWL通航水位navigation water level；NWL桥涵水文hydrology of bridge and culvert水利半径hydraulic radius桥前壅水高度backwater height in front of bridge；top water level in front of bridge桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing水面坡度slope of water surface水文测量hydrological survey泥石流流域catchment basin of debris flow分水岭watershed；dividing ridge汇水面积catchment area；water collecting area；drainage area 洪水频率flood frequency设计流量design discharge设计水位design water level施工水位construction level；construction water level；working water level设计洪水过程线designed flood hydrograph容许冲刷allowable scour一般冲刷general scour局部冲刷local scour；partial scour铁路测量railway survey线路踏勘；草测route reconnaissance初测preliminary survey定测location survey；alignment；final location survey导线测量traversing；traverse survey光电导线photoelectric traverse地形测量topographical survey横断面测量cross leveling；cross-section survey；cross-section leveling线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway线路复测repetition survey of existing railway；resurvey of existing railway测量精度survey precision；precision of survey均方差；中误差mean square error最大误差；极限误差maximum error；limiting error中线测量center line survey中线桩center line stake加桩additional stake；plus stake外移桩shift out stake；stake outward；offset stake 水准点高程测量benchmark leveling中桩高程测量；中平center stake leveling曲线控制点curve control point放线setting-out of route；lay out of route交点intersection point副交点auxiliary intersection point转向角deflection angle分转向角auxiliary deflection angle坐标方位角plane-coordinate azimuth象限角quadrantal angle经纬距plane rectangular coordinate断链broken chain投影断链projection of broken chain断高broken height铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测railway aerial photogrammetry铁路航空勘测railway aerial surveying航带设计flight strip design；design of flight strip铁路工程地质遥感remote sensing of railway engineering geology 测段segment of survey航测选线aerial surveying alignment航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry全球定位系统global positioning system；GPS像片索引图index of photography三角测量trigonometric survey；triangulation精密导线测量precise traverse survey；accurate traverse survey 三角高程测量trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量outside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量in tunnel control survey；through survey隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal；桥轴线测量survey of bridge axis铁路选线railway location；approximate railway location；location of railway route selection平原地区选线location in plain region；plain location越岭选线location of mountain line；location of line in mountain region；location over mountain山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location；location of line of in mountain and valley region丘陵地段选线hilly land location；location of line on hilly land 工程地质选线engineering geologic location of line线间距distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks 车站分布distribution of stations方案比选scheme comparison；route alternative投资回收期repayment period of capital cost纸上定线paper location of line缓坡地段section of easy grade；section of gentle slope紧坡地段section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段section of unsufficient grade；section of insufficient grade导向线leading line；alignment guiding line拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting；lifting height；ascent of elevation横断面选线cross-section method of railway location；location with cross-section method；cross-section method for location of line展线extension of line；development of line；line development 展线系数coefficient of extension line；coefficient of development line套线overlapping line线路平面图track plan；line plan线路纵断面图track profile；line profile站坪长度length of station site站坪坡度grade of station site控制区间control section；controlling section最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve圆曲线circular curve单曲线simple curve缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral transition curve 缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature；rate of transition curve复曲线compound curve同向曲线curves of same sense；adjacent curves in one direction 反向曲线reverse curve；curve of opposite sense夹直线intermediate straight line；tangent between curves坡度grade；gradient；slope人字坡double spur grade限制坡度ruling grade；limiting grade加力牵引坡度pusher grade；assisting grade最大坡度maximum grade临界坡度critical grade长大坡度long steep grade；long heavy grade动力坡度momentum grade均衡坡度balanced grade有害地段harmful district无害地段harmless district变坡点point of gradient change；breake in grade坡段grade section坡段长度length of grade section坡度差algebraic difference between adjacent gradients竖曲线vertical curve分坡平段level stretch between opposite sign gradient缓和坡度slight grade；flat grade；easy grade起动缓坡flat gradient for starting加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration；accelerating grade坡度折减compensation of gradient；gradient compensation；grade compensation曲线折减compensation of curve；curve compensation隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel；compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段detouring section；round section换侧；换边change side of double line容许应力设计法allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法plastic stage design method极限状态设计法limit state design method概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilistic limit state design method地震系数法seismic coefficient method路基subgrade；road bed；formation subgrade岩石路基rock subgrade渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade；pervious embankment非渗水土路基non-permeable soil subgrade；impervious embankment特殊土路基subgrade of special soil软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone；subgrade in soft；clay region泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone；subgrade in morass region；subgrade in swampland膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基subgrade in swelling soil zone；subgrade in expansive soil region盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone；subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach滨河路堤embankment on river bank水库路基subgrade in reservoir；embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district；subgrade in collapse zone岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone；subgrade in talus zone；滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgrade in karst zone洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone；subgrade in cavern zone 风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone；subgrade in desert雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone；subgrade in snow disaster zone泥石流地段路基subgrade in debris flow zone路基横断面subgrade cross-section路基面subgrade surface；formation路基面宽度width of the subgrade surface；formation width路拱road crown；subgrade crown路肩Road shoulder；subgrade shoulder路肩高程formation level；shoulder level路堤embankment；fill路堑cut；road；cutting半堤半堑part-cut and part-fill section；cut and fill section基床subgrade bed；formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed；formation top layer；surface layer of subgrade基床表层bottom layer of subgrade；formation base layer；bottom layer of subgrade bed一般路基general subgrade；ordinary subgrade最小填筑高度minimum fill height of subgrade；minimum height of fill临界高度critical height基底foundation base；base路堤边坡side slope of embankment；fill slope talus坡脚toe of side slope护道berm取土坑borrow pit路堤填料embankment fill material；embankment filler；filling material of embankment填料分类classification of filling material岩块填料rock block filler；rock filler；rock fill粗粒土填料coarse-grained soil filler；coarse-grained soil fill 细粒土填料fine-grained soil filler；fine-grained soil fill压实标准compacting criteria相对密度relative density压实系数compacting factor；compacting coefficient最佳含水量optimum moisture content；best moisture content 最佳密度optimum density；best density核子密度湿度测定determination of nuclear density-moisture 路基承载板测定determination of bearing slab of subgrade预留沉落量reserve settlement；settlement allowance反压护道berm with superloading；berm for back pressure；counter swelling berm石灰砂桩lime sand pile换土change soil；soil replacement爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation；silt arresting by explosion；discharge of sedimentation by blasting。

以下资料由西安铁路学校提供() elevated railway, overhead railway, aerial railway 高架铁路mine railway 矿区铁路funicular (railway) 缆索铁路，登山铁路light railway line 轻便铁道urban railway 市区铁路railway network 铁路网railway transport铁路运输trial run 试车open to traffic 通车porter 搬运工人ticket inspector 查票员ticket 车票single ticket, oneway ticket 单程票return ticket, roundtrip ticket 来回票platform ticket 站台票railway station 车站station hall 车站大厅information desk 服务台waiting room 候车室passenger station 客车站time-table 时刻表arrival time-table到站时刻表departure time-table 发车时刻表ticket-collector, gateman 收票员ticket office, booking office售票处junction枢纽站rail and water terminal水陆联运站platform bridge天桥luggage barrow 推行李车enquiry office, information desk问讯处way station 小站label 行李标签luggage office 行李房left-luggage office 行李暂存处platform-ticket 验票口barrier 栅栏门platform 站台(electric) platform truck站台车platform tunnel站台地道platform roofing 站台顶棚station-master 站长terminal; terminus 终点站escalator自动扶梯The train leaves the station at..., The train is due out at...火车在（某时）离站to have one's ticket punched（给检票员）检票10 minutes behind schedule晚点十分钟to change trains at... 在（某地）换车The train is due at... 在（某时）到达to break the journey 中途下车dining car, restaurant car, diner 餐车pantry 餐车食品室open wagon, (railway) wagon, (railway) truck 敞车carriage, coach, car车厢roof车顶concertina walls （车厢通道两侧的）伸缩篷step; foot board （车厢门口的）踏板gangway （车厢的）通道lidded ashtray带盖烟灰盒tank wagon罐车mixed train 混合列车freight train, goods train 货物列车engine, locomotive 机车window seat 靠窗座位coach, passenger train客车express train, express 快车refrigerator wagon 冷藏车car attendant; train attendant 列车员guard, conductor 列车长slow train, way train 慢车covered wagon van, box car 棚车ordinary train 普通列车sleeping carriage with cushioned berths 软卧客车up train 上行车livestock wagon牲畜车sleeping car, sleeper 卧车down train 下行车luggage van, baggage car 行李车rack, baggage rack 行李架sleeping carriage with semicushioned berths 硬卧客车ordinary seat 硬席carriage with semicushioned seats硬座车mail car 邮政车mail and luggage van 邮政行李车through train直达车special train 专车pointsman, switchman 道岔工人signal for blocking the track, block signal 闭塞信号semaphore signal, home signal臂板信号warehouse 仓库siding, sidetrack侧线，旁轨turnout 岔道weighing machine 秤重机derailing （火车）出轨single line (track) rail 单线points, switches 道岔switch lock, point lock 道岔锁wait sign, wait signal 等候标志（信号）marshalling yard, shunting yard调车场dispatching 调度dispatcher 调度员crossover 渡线，转线轨道rail 钢轨track轨道sleeper, railroad tie轨枕rail chair轨座buffer stop, bumping post 缓冲桩goods shed, freight depot货棚goods station 货运站，货站container 集装箱locomotive (engine) shed 机车库station warning sign 进站预告标clearance 净空(signal) gantry （铁路上支持信号装置的）跨线桥barrier （道口）拦路木section 路段reduce speed sign(al) 慢行标志（信号）bell and whistle sign, whistle sign鸣笛预告标platform car, flat car 平车grade crossing, level crossing（道路与铁路的）平面交叉track-laying machine, tracklayer铺轨机double line (track) rail 双线volume of railway freight 铁路货运量railway connections 铁路交叉点，铁路联络线railway warning sign铁路警告标志railway clearance铁路净空railroad bed 铁路路基railway curve 铁路曲线（弯道）railway tunnel 铁路隧道railway line, railroad line 铁路线stop sign(al) 停车标志（信号）danger sign(al) 危险标志（信号）#p#分页标题#e# unprotected crossing 无防护设备的道口signal light (lamp) 信号灯signal box, signalman's cabin 信号房signalman 信号员wing rail (of frog) 翼轨distant signal, disk signal, target 圆盘信号机back-turning section 折返段frog 辙叉，岔心turn-table 车台，旋车盘point (box), switch (box) 转辙器switch signal, point indicator 转辙信号。

铁路线railway line；railroad line铁路网railway network; railroad network铁道科学railway science铁路技术railway technology铁路等级railway classification国有铁路national railway; state railway地方铁路local railway；regional railway 私有铁路private railway合资铁路joint investment railway；jointly owned railway标准轨铁路standard—gage railway窄轨铁路narrow-gage railway米轨铁路meter—gage railway宽轨铁路broad—gage railway单线铁路single track railway双线铁路double track railway多线铁路multiple track railway重载铁路heavy haul railway高速铁路high speed railway电气化铁路；电力铁路electrified railway；electric railway干线铁路main line railway；trunk railway 市郊铁路suburban railway地下铁道；地铁subway; metro; underground railway工业企业铁路industry railway矿山铁路mine railway轻轨铁路light railway；light rail高架铁路elevated railway单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail；monorail railway磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway; maglev森林铁路forest railway山区铁路mountain railway既有铁路existing railway新建铁路newly-built railway改建铁路reconstructed railway运营铁路railway in operation；operation；operating railway专用铁路special purpose railway干线trunk line; main line支线branch line铁路专用线railway special line货运专线railway line for freight traffic；freight special line；freight traffic only line 客运专线railway line for passenger traffic；passenger special line；passenger traffic only line客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic铁路运营长度；运营里程operation length of railway；operating distance；revenue length 列车运行图train diagram铁路建筑长度construction length of railway 区间section区段district轨距rail gage；rail gauge轮重wheel load轴重axle load最大轴重maximum allowable axle load限制轴重axle load limited限界clearance；gauge限界图clearance diagram铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance;structure clearance for railway；railway structure gauge基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance;fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界bridge construction clearance；bridge structure gauge隧道建筑界限tunnel construction clearance;tunnel structure gauge铁路机车车辆限界rolling stock clearance for railway；vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock装载限界loading clearance limit;loading gauge阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension; clearance limit for oversize commodities接触网限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire列车与线路相互作用track—train interaction轮轨关系wheel—rail relation；wheel-rail interaction 粘着系数adhesion coefficient车轮滑行wheel sliding；wheel skid车轮空转wheel slipping牵引种类kinds of traction；category of traction牵引方式mode of traction牵引定数tonnage rating；tonnage of traction装载系数loading coefficient速度speed持续速度continuous speed限制速度limited speed; speed restriction均衡速度balancing speed构造速度construction speed；design speed 最高速度maximum speed临界速度critical speed重载列车heavy haul train高速列车high speed train超长超重列车exceptionally long and heavy train列车正面冲突train collision列车尾追train tail collision列车尾部防护train rear end protection伸缩运动fore and aft motion蛇行运动hunting；nosing列车压缩train running in列车拉伸train running out列车分离train separation列车颠覆train overturning列车动力学train dynamics列车空气动力学train acrodynamics机车车辆振动vibration of rolling stock纵向振动longitudinal vibration横向振动lateral vibration垂向振动vertical vibration摆滚振动rock-roll vibration浮沉振动bouncing；vibration测滚振动rolling ；vibration测摆振动swaying; vibration点头振动pitching; nodding摇头振动yawing；hunting机车车辆共振resonance of rolling stock机车车辆冲击impact of rolling纵向冲击longitudinal impact横向冲击lateral impact垂向冲击vertical impact货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations at freight station行车指挥自动化automation of traffic control编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard铁路运营信息系统railway operation information system铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system运营系统模拟simulation of operation system铁路法railway law铁道法规railway act 铁路条例railway code铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation综合运输comprehensive transport; multi—mode transport；intermode transport国际铁路联运international railway through traffic大陆桥；洲际铁路transcontinental railway；intercontinental railway；land—railway国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic铁路新线建设newly—built railway construction铁路技术改造technical reform of railway；technical renovation of railway；betterment and improvement of railway铁路主要技术条件main technical standard of railway; main techincal requirement of railway单位工程unit project分部工程part project分项工程item project预可行性研究pre—feasibility study项目建议书proposed task of project可行性研究feasibility study设计阶段design phase; design stage三阶段设计three—step design；three—phase design两阶段设计two—step design；two-phase design一阶段设计one-step design; one-phase design初步设计preliminary design技术设计technical design扩大初步设计enlarged preliminary design; expanded preliminary design施工图设计construction detail design；working—drawing design变更设计altered design设计概算approximate estimate of design; budgetary estimate of design个别概算individual approximate estimate综合概算comprehensive approximate estimate总概算sum of approximate estimate；total estimate；summary estimate修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate；revised general estimate调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算checking of investment预算定额rating of budget；rating form for budget概算定额rating of approximate estimate；rating form for estimate投资估算investment estimate 估算指标index of estimate机械台班定额rating per machine per team；rating per machine—team工程直接费direct expense of project；direct cost of project工程间接费indirect expense of project；indirect cost of project工程预备费reserve fund of project设计鉴定certification of design；appraisal of design竣工决算final accounts of completed project 铁路用地right-of—way铁路勘测railway reconnaissance调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation；investigation survey; investigation surveying and sketching地形调查topographic survey地貌调查topographic feature survey；geomorphologic survey地质调查geologic survey经济调查economic investigation; economic survey水文地质调查hydrogeologic survey土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock土石分类classification of soil and rock地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation；bearing capacity of ground；bearing ofsubgrade隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock地质图测绘survey and drawing of geological map；surveying and sketching of geological map勘探exploration；prospecting挖探excavation prospecting钻探boring；exploration drilling物探geophysical prospecting室内测试indoor test; laboratory test原位测试in situ test静力触探static sounding；static probing；cone penetration test动力触探试验dynamic penetration test标准贯入试验standard penetration test区域地质regional geology工程地质engineering geology不良地质unfavorable geology特殊地质special geology工程地质条件engineering geologicrequirement; engineering geologic condition气象资料meteorological data冻结深度freezing depth地震基本烈度basic intensity of earthquake；seismic basic intensity工程地质图engineering geological map地层柱状图column diagram of stratum；graphic logs of strata；drill log of stratum 洪水调查flood survey河道调查river course survey冰凌调查ice floe survey; frazil ice survey汇水区流域特征调查survey of catchment basin characteristics水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing; hydrologic section；hydrologic cross-section 主河槽main river channel设计流速design current velocity设计高程；设计标高design elevation河流比降slope of river；comparable horizon of river历史洪水位historic flood level最高水位highest water level; HWL通航水位navigation water level；NWL桥涵水文hydrology of bridge and culvert水利半径hydraulic radius桥前壅水高度backwater height in front of bridge；top water level in front of bridge桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing水面坡度slope of water surface水文测量hydrological survey泥石流流域catchment basin of debris flow 分水岭watershed；dividing ridge汇水面积catchment area; water collecting area; drainage area洪水频率flood frequency设计流量design discharge设计水位design water level施工水位construction level；construction water level；working water level设计洪水过程线designed flood hydrograph 容许冲刷allowable scour一般冲刷general scour局部冲刷local scour；partial scour铁路测量railway survey线路踏勘；草测route reconnaissance初测preliminary survey定测location survey；alignment；final location survey导线测量traversing；traverse survey光电导线photoelectric traverse地形测量topographical survey横断面测量cross leveling；cross-section survey；cross-section leveling线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway线路复测repetition survey of existing railway; resurvey of existing railway测量精度survey precision；precision of survey均方差；中误差mean square error最大误差;极限误差maximum error; limiting error中线测量center line survey中线桩center line stake加桩additional stake; plus stake 外移桩shift out stake；stake outward；offset stake水准点高程测量benchmark leveling中桩高程测量;中平center stake leveling曲线控制点curve control point放线setting—out of route；lay out of route 交点intersection point副交点auxiliary intersection point转向角deflection angle分转向角auxiliary deflection angle坐标方位角plane-coordinate azimuth象限角quadrantal angle经纬距plane rectangular coordinate断链broken chain投影断链projection of broken chain断高broken height铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测railway aerial photogrammetry铁路航空勘测railway aerial surveying航带设计flight strip design；design of flight strip铁路工程地质遥感remote sensing of railway engineering geology测段segment of survey航测选线aerial surveying alignment航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry全球定位系统global positioning system；GPS像片索引图index of photography三角测量trigonometric survey; triangulation 精密导线测量precise traverse survey；accurate traverse survey三角高程测量trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量ouside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量in tunnel control survey；through survey隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal；geodetic control point of portal location of adit桥轴线测量survey of bridge axis铁路选线railway location; approximate railway location; location of railway route selection平原地区选线location in plain region；plain location越岭选线location of mountain line；location of line in mountain region；location over mountain山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location；location of line of in mountain and valley region丘陵地段选线hilly land location；location of line on hilly land工程地质选线engineering geoligic location of line线间距distance between centers of tracks; midway between tracks车站分布distribution of stations 方案比选scheme comparison；route alternative投资回收期repayment period of capital cost 纸上定线paper location of line缓坡地段section of easy grade；section of gentle slope紧坡地段section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段section of unsufficient grade；section fo insufficient grade导向线leading line；alignment guiding line 拔起高度;克服高度height of lifting；lifting height; ascent of elevation横断面选线cross—section method of railway location；location with cross—section method; cross—section method for location of line展线extension of line；development of line; line development展线系数coefficient of extension line；coefficient of development line套线overlapping line线路平面图track plan；line plan线路纵断面图track profile；line profile站坪长度length of station site站坪坡度grade of station site控制区间control section；controlling section最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve圆曲线circular curve单曲线simple curve缓和曲线transition curve; easement curve；spiral transition curve缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature；rate of transition curve复曲线compound curve同向曲线curves of same sense；adjacent curves in one direction反向曲线reverse curve；curve of opposite sense夹直线intermediate straight line; tangent between curves坡度grade; gradient；slope人字坡double spur grade限制坡度ruling grade; limiting grade加力牵引坡度pusher grade；assisting grade 最大坡度maximum grade临界坡度critical grade长大坡度long steep grade；long heavy grade动力坡度momentum grade均衡坡度balanced grade有害地段harmful district无害地段harmless district变坡点point of gradient change；breake in grade坡段grade section坡段长度length of grade section坡度差algebraic difference between adjacent gradients竖曲线vertical curve 分坡平段level stretch between opposite sign gradient缓和坡度slight grade；flat grade；easy grade起动缓坡flat gradient for starting加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration；accelerating grade坡度折减compensation of gradient；gradient compensation; grade compensation曲线折减compensation of curve；curve compesation隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel；compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段detouring section；round section 换侧；换边change side of double line容许应力设计法allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法plastic stage design method 极限状态设计法limit state design method概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilistic limit state design method地震系数法seismic coefficient method路基subgrade；road bed；formation subgrade岩石路基rock subgrade渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade；pervious embankment非渗水土路基non—permeable soil subgrade；impervious embankment特殊土路基subgrade of special soil软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone; subgrade in soft；clay region泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone；subgrade in morass region；subgrade in swampland膨胀土地区路基;裂土地区路基subgrade in swelling soil zone; subgrade in expansive soil region盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone；subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach 滨河路堤embankment on river bank水库路基subgrade in reservoir；embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district；subgrade in collapse zone岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone; subgrade in talus zone; subgrade in scree zone 滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgrade in karst zone洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone；subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone；subgrade in desert雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone；subgrade in snow disaster zone泥石流地段路基subgrade in debris flow zone路基横断面subgrade cross-section路基面subgrade surface；formation路基面宽度width of the subgrade surface; formation width路拱road crown；subgrade crown路肩Road shoulder; subgrade shoulder路肩高程formation level; shoulder level路堤embankment；fill路堑cut; road; cutting半堤半堑part—cut and part—fill section；cut and fill section基床subgrade bed；formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed; formation top layer; surface layer of subgrade 基床表层bottom layer of subgrade; formation base layer；bottom layer of subgrade bed线路工程railway line engineering铁路勘测；铁道勘测railway reconnaissance 铁路选线；铁道选线railway route selection；railway location;approximate railway location；location of railway route selection经济勘察economic investigation地质调查geological survey；geologic survey 方案比较project comparison铁路勘探；铁道勘探railway exploration铁路测量；铁道测量railway survey线路测量route survey;profile survey；longitudinal survey曲线测量curve survey既有线测量survey of existing line;survey of existing railway铁路线路图；铁道线路图railway map定线location of line铁路设计；铁道设计railway design线路设计track design平面设计plane design纵断面设计longitudinal section design横断面设计transverse section design曲线设计curve design车站设计station design站场设计design of stations and yards标准设计standard design线路等级line grade铁路限界；铁道限界railway clearance建筑限界construction clearance设计规范code of design设计标准design standard铁路线路；铁道线路railway line铁路曲线；铁道曲线railway curve缓和曲线transition curve;easement curve；spiral transition curve小半径曲线small—radius curve曲线半径curve radius曲线超高superelevation on curve；cant;elevation of curve欠超高inadequate superelevation；deficient superelevation未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration竖曲线vertical curve坡道gradient坡度grade；gradient；slope限制坡度ruling grade;limiting grade坡度折减grade compensation；compensation of gradient；gradient compensation避难线refuge siding；catch siding双线插入段double track interpolation铁路连接线；铁道连接线railway connecting line隧道内线路line in tunnel桥头引线bridge approach站线siding站线长度length of station line铁路标志；铁道标志railway sign警冲标fouling point indicator；fouling post 线路中心线track center line；central lines of track线间距离;线间距distance between centers of lines；distance between centers of tracks;midway between tracks线路试验；线路实验track test；road test；running test路基subgrade铁路路基；路基；铁道路基railway subgrade；subgrade软土路基soft soil subgrade沙漠路基desert subgrade冻土路基permafrost subgrade膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone路基基床subgrade bed路堤embankment；fill高路堤high—fill embankment路堑cut；road cutting深路堑deep cutting路肩road shoulder；subgrade shoulder边坡side slope护坡revetment；slope protection；pitching 路基滑动subgrade slip滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment路基排水subgrade drainage塑料排水板plastic drainage board路基加固subgrade strengthening土工织物geotextile挡土墙；挡墙retaining walls锚定板anchor plate锚杆anchor bolt抗滑桩antiskid pile;anti—slide pile；counter—sliding pile加筋土reinforced earth植被vegetation路基防护subgrade protection防护工程protective engineering防护林protection forest防沙sand proof固沙stabilization of sand输导砂sediment transport路侧建筑物roadside structure 排水沟weeper drain；weep drain；drainage ditch；drain ditch挡风墙wind—shield wall；wind—break wall 隔声墙sound-proof wall防雪栅snow fence；snow guard轨道理论track theory轨道设计track design轨道参数track parameter轨距track gauge;rail gage；rail gauge轨距加宽track gauge widening轨底坡cant of rail；rail cant轨道力学track dynamics；track mechanics 轨道强度track strength轨道阻力track resistance道床阻力trackbed resistance；ballast resistance扣固力fastening force钢轨应力rail stress轨道承载力track bearing capacity轨道稳定性track stability;stability of track轨道试验；轨道实验track test轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction；wheel-rail relation轮轨动力学wheel-rail dynamics轮轨作用力wheel—rail force轮轨接触wheel—rail contact接触应力contact stress轨道结构track structure轨道track铁路轨道；轨道；铁道轨道railway track；track线路上部建筑;轨道track superstructure;track 重型轨道heavy track宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track板式轨道slab track;slab—track整体道床轨道monolithic roadbed track防振轨道anti—vibration track高架轨道elevated track无缝线路jointless line；continuously welded rail track；jointless track桥上轨道结构bridge deck track structure隧道内轨道结构track structure in tunnel钢轨steel rail重型钢轨heavy rail长钢轨long rail焊接长钢轨long welded rail缩短轨shortened rail;standard shortened rail；fabricated short rail used on curves；standard curtailed rail热处理钢轨heat—treated rail合金钢轨alloy steels rail旧钢轨used rail钢轨钢rail steel钢轨螺栓孔rail bolt hole轨缝rail gap；joint gap钢轨焊缝rail welding seam钢轨接头rail joint异型接头compromise joint伸缩接头expansion joint焊接接头welding joint;welded joint 绝缘接头track section insulator；insulated joint胶接接头adhesive joint鱼尾板fish plate鱼尾螺栓fish bolt扣件fastening；rail fastening弹性扣件elastic fastening;elastic rail fastening弹条式扣件elastic rod type fastening分开式扣件separated fastening；separated rail fastening；indirect holding fastening扣板式扣件clip fastening刚性扣件rigid fastening垫圈ring道钉spike;track spike；rail spike；dog spike 螺纹道钉threading spike;screw spike垫板tie—plate；tie plate橡胶垫板rubber tie-plate；rubber tie plate防爬器anticreeper;anti-creeper；rail anchor 轨距拉杆gauge tie rod轨下基础underrail foundation；sub—rail foundation；sub—rail track bed轨枕sleeper；tie；cross tie木枕wooden sleeper；wooden tie混凝土枕；砼枕concrete sleeper;concrete tie 轨枕板；宽轨枕sleeper slab；broad sleeper 钢枕steel sleeper；steel tie合成轨枕composite sleeper纵向轨枕longitudinal tie岔枕points sleeper；switch tie;turnout tie桥枕bridge tie；bridge sleeper轨排track panel；track skeleton枕下胶垫rubber pad under sleeper道床track bed;ballast bed碎石道床ballast bed整体道床monolithic track bed；solid bed；integrated ballast bed；monolithic concrete bed 沥青道床bituminous raodbed；asphalt roadbed;asphalt cemented ballast bed石棉道床asbestos ballast道碴ballast道床覆盖ballast cover轨道附属设备track auxiliary equipment钢轨涂油器rail lubricator融雪器snow melter复轨器replacer;re—railer；rerailing device 脱轨器derailer车挡bumper；bumper post道岔switch；point;turnout；switches and crossings单开道岔single point；simple turnout;lateral turnout双开道岔double turnout三开道岔three—throw turnout；symmetrical three throw turnout;three-way turnout交分道岔slip switch高速道岔high—speed switch切线型道岔tangent turnout道岔设计turnout design过岔速度switch crossing speed 辙叉frog；crossing整铸辙叉integrated cast frog锰钢辙叉manganese steel frog crossing焊接辙叉welding frog crossing组合辙叉combined frog；assembled frog可动心轨辙叉movable point frog；movable-point frog可动翼轨辙叉movable wing rails;movable—wing frog核子密度湿度测定determination of nuclear density—moisture路基承载板测定determination of bearing slab of subgrade预留沉落量reserve settlement;settlement allowance反压护道berm with superloading；berm for back pressure；counter swelling berm石灰砂桩lime sand pile换土change soil；soil replacement爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation;silt arresting by explosion;discharge of sedimentation by blasting抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation；packing sedimentation by throwing stones；packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路堑石方爆破rock cutting blasting；rock blasting in cut定向爆破directional blasting浅孔爆破shallow hole blasting深孔爆破deep hole blasting洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting;chamber blasting扬弃爆破abandoned blasting;abandonment blasting抛掷爆破pin-point blasting松动爆破blasting for loosening rock药壶爆破pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting;contact blasting路堑边坡cutting slope；side slope of cut堑顶top of cutting slope；top of cutting路堑平台platform of cutting；berm in cutting 弃土堆waste bank；bankette; spoil bank挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall;gravity retaining wall with relieving platform;balanced type retaining wall锚定板挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods；anchored bulkhead retaining wall；anchored plate retaining wall加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall；reinforced soil retaining wall锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall；anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods管柱挡墙cylindrical shaft retaining wall沉井挡墙caisson retaining wall抗滑桩anti—slide pile；counter-sliding pile 护墙guard wall tielu 铁路施工护坡slope protection; revertment; pitching排水沟weep drain；drainage ditch; drain ditch边沟；侧沟side ditch天沟gutter；overhead ditch; intercepting ditch吊沟suspended ditch跌水hydraulic drop截水沟intercepting ditch；catch-drain急流槽chute排水槽drainage channel渗水暗沟blind drain渗水隧洞leak tunnel；permeable tunnel；drainage tunnel渗井leaching well; seepage well渗管leaky pipe平孔排水horizontal hole drainage反滤层reverse filtration layer；inverted filter; protective filter检查井inspection well；manhole砂井；排水砂井sand drain隔断层insulating course；insulating layer 透水路堤pervious embankment；permeable embankment渗水路堤immerseable embankment排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer；drainage sand blanker坡面防护slope protection护岸revetment；shore protection导流堤diversion dike拦石墙stone cut off wall; stone falling wall; buttree落石槽stone falling channel；trough for catching falling rocks柴排firewood raft; mattress; willow fascine 固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation挡风墙wind-break wall防风栅栏wind break fence砂土液化sand liquefaction中—活载CR-live loading；China railway standard loading桥梁标准活载standard live load for bridge 桥梁荷载谱bridge load spectrum换算均布活载equivalent uniform live load 设计荷载design load主力principal load恒载dead load土压力earth load静水压力hydrostatic pressure浮力buoyancy列车活载live load of train列车离心力centrifugal force of train列车冲击力；冲击荷载impact force of train 冲击系数coefficient of impact人行道荷载sidewalk loading附加力subsidiary load；secondary load列车制动力braking force of train列车牵引力tractive force of train 风荷载wind load列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train流水压力pressure of water flow冰压力ice pressure冻胀力frost heaving force特殊荷载particular load船只或排筏的撞击力collision force of ship or raft地震力seismic force地震烈度earthquake intensity地震震级earthquake magnitude施工荷载constructional loading荷载组合loading combination铁路桥railway bridge公铁两用桥combined bridge；combined highway and railway bridge；combined rail —cum—road bridge跨线桥；立交桥overpass bridge；grade separation bridge; flyover高架桥viaduct旱桥dry bridge人行桥foot bridge; pedestrian bridge圬工桥masonry bridge钢桥steel bridge铆接钢桥riveted steel bridge栓焊钢桥bolted and welded steel bridge全焊钢桥all welded steel bridge摩擦结合式高强度螺栓high strength friction grip bolt扭剪式高强度螺栓torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手bolt wrench with indicator混凝土桥concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge 先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concrete girder后张法预应力梁post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concrete bridge结合梁桥composite beam bridge低高度梁shallow girder无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete; skeleton reinforced concrete girder简支梁桥simply supported beam bridge连续梁桥continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge板桥slab bridge空心板桥hollow slab bridge板梁plate girder工形梁I-beam箱形梁box girder槽形梁trough girder桁架truss拆装式桁架demountable truss 刚架桥;刚构桥rigid frame bridge斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥strutted beam bridge；slant—legged rigid frame bridge悬板桥；悬带桥stressed ribbon bridge悬索桥;吊桥suspension bridge斜拉桥cable-stayed bridge浮桥pontoon bridge；floating bridge；bateau bridge拱桥arch bridge固端拱；无铰拱fixed-end arch双铰拱two—hinged arch三铰拱three—hinged arch实腹拱spandrel-filled arch；solid—spandrel arch空腹拱open—spandrel arch双曲拱two—way curved arch；cross-curved arch系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱tied arch榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥Langer bridge；flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge；rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders尼尔森桥Nielsen systen bridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥;斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge；rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders活动桥movable bridge竖旋桥bascule bridge平旋桥swing bridge升降桥lift bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge曲线桥curved bridge曲梁curved beam特大桥super maior bridge大桥major bridge中桥medium bridge小桥minor bridge单线桥single track bridge双线桥double track bridge多线桥multi—track bridge正桥; 主桥main bridge引桥approach spans上承式桥deck bridge半穿式桥；中承式half through bridge；midheight deck bridge下承式桥through bridge双层桥double—deck bridge永久性桥permanent bridge临时性桥；便桥temporary bridge跨径;跨度span净跨clear spam桥梁全长overall length of bridge桥下净空underneath clearance主梁中心距center to center distance between main girder节间长度panel length梁高depth of girder拱度camber 挠度deflection节间panel锚跨；锚孔anchor span悬跨;吊孔suspended span桥梁上部结构superstructure腹板web plate翼缘flange翼缘板flange plate弦杆chord member腹杆web member斜杆diagonal member竖杆vertical member吊杆suspender hanger加劲杆stiffener节点panel point节点板gusset plate拼接板splice plate缀条lacing bar缀板stay plate；tie plate侧向水平联结系lateral bracing横联sway bracing制动撑架braking bracing桥门架portal frame纵梁stringer横梁floor beam；transverse beam桥面系floor system端横梁end floor beam起重横梁jacking floor beam梁端缓冲梁auxiliary girder for controlling angle change应变时效strain ageing碳当量carbon equivalent钢丝steel wire钢丝束bundled steel wires钢绞线steel strand钢筋reinforcement; steel bar箍筋stirrup纵向钢筋longitudinal reinforcement 弯起钢筋bent-up bar架立钢筋erection bar构造钢筋constructional reinforcement 预应力筋tendon套管sheath梁腋haunch拱圈arch ring拱肋arch rib拱顶rach crown拱矢rise of arch起拱点springing拱腹soffit拱腹线intrados拱背钱extrados桥塔bridge tower；pylon索平面cable plane缆索cable斜缆stay cable; inclined cable吊缆suspension cable索鞍cable saddle索夹cable band；cable clamp锚座socket 锚碇anchorage明桥面open deck; ballastless deck；open floor桥梁道碴槽ballast trough道碴桥面ballasted deck；ballasted floor桥梁护轨guard rall of bridge桥梁护木guard timber of bridge桥枕bridge tie; bridge sleeper桥上人行道sidewalk on bridge步行板foot plank避车台refuge platform伸缩缝expansion joint正交异性板orthotropic plate栏杆railing；handrail; handrailing泻水孔drainage opening直结轨道track fastened directly to steel girders抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件shear connector 支座bearing固定支座fixed bearing活动支座expension bearing；movable bearing平板支座plate bearing摇轴芝座rocker bearing滚轴支座roller bearing球面支座spherical bearing板式橡胶支座laminated rubber bearing盆式橡胶支座pot rubber bearing聚四氯乙烯支座poly—tetrafluoroedthylene bearing; PTFE bearing。

铁路各专业单词整理Freight train货运列车Passenger train旅客列车Heavy freight重载货运Sleeping car卧铺车Dining car餐车Run-around track调车线Inter-city train城际列车Local train管内列车，慢车Elctric traction电力牵引Stopper慢车Double-decked passenger train双层旅客列车Locomotive 机车freight wagon货车passenger coach 客车multiple units动车组metro car 地铁车辆light rail轻轨railway service cars 铁路服务车Coach, carriage 客车Motor car （trailer car）动力车（拖车）Container集装箱车Tanker罐车Driving cab司机室TOFC平板拖车Box wagon棚车Monorail单轨Refrigerator wagon冷藏车High-speed railways高速铁路Maglev磁悬浮Open-topped wagon敞顶车Rail铁轨standard gauge标准轨距narrow gauge, broad gauge窄轨，宽轨Trackbed 道床Sleeper 枕木Crosstie 枕木subballast，道砟，底部道砟fastener紧固件Turnout道岔Derail(derailment)脱轨Crossing 平交道口colliery 煤矿quarry 采石场flanged steel wheels 有凸缘钢轮copper ore 铜矿speak of 谈到，提及backbone 骨干bulk freight 散装货物mass commutation traffic 大规模通勤运输short haul 短途运输Merchandise traffic 货物运输Depreciation 减值，折旧，贬值Settling 沉降，沉积bulk freight 散装货物Subgrade 地基，路基Soil stratum 地层Embankment 堤坝Trim off 修剪Organic topsoil 有机表层土ivil engineering 土木工程Earthwork 土方，土方工程Gravity wall 重力墙Drainage 排水系统，排水装置Real estate 房地产，不动产Crane 起重机Tamper 捣固机Trolley 台车，手推车，电车Headway 进展，向目标前进Cog railway嵌齿铁路Rubber-tired underground橡胶轮地铁Siding旁轨，支线Coupler车钩Maintenance of way 道路维护Long-distance train长途列车Channel Tunnel海峡隧道parcel package 包裹Travelling post offices 移动邮局 Centrifugal force 离心力pram 婴儿车Wheelchair 轮椅Conurbation 有卫星城市的大都市elevated structure 高架结构Accelerate (decelerate) 加速（减速）Tram, trolley, streetcar有轨电车 Flexibility 机动，灵活 Low loder 低架拖车Sneak into 偷偷地摸进Stow away 偷乘，搭白车Fatality disasterKit 工具包，装备earn one‘s keep 值得雇用, 挣饭吃Show up 揭露，露出Dead end terminal 闭塞终端 Buffer stop 止冲器 Crossover 转辙轨Locomotive escape 机车折返 Phase out 逐步淘汰，逐步停止Intensive service auxiliary equipment 辅助设备, 备用设备, 附属设备Heavy maintenance 大修Keep at forefront of 保持在……最前沿train loading 列车运载量Train capacity 列车运载能力Density of passengers 乘客密度Load factor 上座率Patronage 保护，光顾，赞助High degree of standardisation 高度标准化pilot end beam Bellmouth 钟形口，喇叭口Line up 整队，排列Semipermanent coupler 半永久车钩Be bolted together 螺栓连接Cushioning 减震，缓冲Uncoupling 解钩，拆开（反，coupling）Buckeye, Knuckle and Janney coupler 詹式车钩Coupler knuckle (jaw) 钩舌Coupler head 钩头Hinge pin 折页销Fully automatic coupler 全自动车钩Disengage 脱离pneumatical 风力的，空气的Keep in good working order 保持正常运转状态Drawgear 牵引装置Bolt 螺栓Pedal 踏板Funicular 索道Coupler alignment bar 车钩调直杆Pushbutton 按钮Shock absorber 减震器Multicore cable 多芯电缆Baggage行列车Coach客车Combine合造车Dome圆顶车Lounge游乐车Dinner餐车Observation瞭望车Sleeper、 sleeping car、Pullman卧铺车RPO铁路邮政车Housing car封闭车Autorack, auto carrier汽车运输车Boxcar, or van棚车Refrigerator car, reefer冷藏车Stock car牲畜车Open top car敞车Gondola敞车Hopper漏斗车Ballast car砟车Flat car平车Depressed-center flat car凹底平车Piggyback car背负式车Schnabel car钳夹车Tank car罐车Caboose守车Snow plow除雪犁Dynamometer car动力检测（试验）车Encompasss 包围，环绕，构成，包括Listed in alphabetic order 按字母顺序排列lining 衬里，衬套，内层Contamination 污染，玷污Corrosive action 腐蚀作用Stainless steel 不锈钢Glass enamel 玻璃釉彩，搪瓷Pocket for stake 柱插口Tie-down point 栓柱Manual brake equipment 手制动Air brake equipment 空气制动primary underframe 主车架，主底架Cumbersome 笨重的Intermodal shipping 联合运输Tonnage 吨位log 木材，原木Lumber 木材Slope down 向下斜Scrap metal 金属屑，废金属Aggregate 粒料，总计，聚集Wood chip 木屑，木片Drop end 落端门Shovel 铲Perishable freight 易腐货物spoiling 变坏，损毁Insulation 绝缘层，保温层Keep outCooling system 冷却系统Cold brine 冷盐水Waterproof 防水的Airtight 密封的，气密的Warehouse 仓库，库房Breakage 破坏，破损Barrel 桶Drum 鼓型圆桶safety valve 安全阀Tilting train摆式列车Head-end equipment车端设备Branch line支线Air-conditioned hard seat car空调硬座车seating capacity定员Length between truck pivot centers车辆定距tare weight空重Clearance 间隙Wheelbase轴距Gauge轨距Constructional speed构造速度Wheel diameter车轮直径Stanhope 轻便马车en route 在途中Streamlined 流线型的Ornate 装饰的, 华丽的, (文体)绚丽的to date 到此为止Aluminum steel 铝钢，含铝钢evolve into 发展[进化]成Fluted 有凹槽的Conveyance 运输Row upon row 一排排，一行行carry-on 手提行李，手提的Aisle 走廊Partitioned into 分割，分隔开efficiency apartment 有小厨房和卫生设备的小套公寓房间，公寓小套间Interior 内部Galley 厨房Recede 后退，倒退，变得模糊Fell out of use 开始不用，渐废Vantage 优势，有利情况Roofline 屋顶轮廓线Dumbwaiter 楼上楼下送饭菜的小升降机，可移动的上菜架或上菜桌Aluminum of high strength alloy 高强度铝合金pane 长方块, 尤指窗格, 窗格玻璃, 边, 面，方框Vestibule 门廊, 前厅Ride comfort乘坐舒适性Irregularity轨道不平顺Wheel tread车轮踏面Suspension悬挂系统Tread gradient踏面锥度Flange轮缘Running performance运行品质Articulated bogies铰接式转向架Lower center of gravity低重心Swing hanger摇枕吊Bolster bogie摇枕转向架Bolsterless bogie无摇枕转向架Wheelset hunting轮对蛇行Anti-yaw damper抗蛇行减震器Suspension gear悬挂装置JR日本铁路Bogie frame构架Lateral damper横向减震器Traction transfer device牵引装置Brake equipment制动装置Axle bearing and axle box轴箱轴承及轴箱Axle spring轴箱弹簧Brake disk制动盘Traction motor牵引电机Gear box齿轮箱，减速箱Wheelset轮对Traction force牵引力Air spring, air bag空气弹簧Side beam侧梁Coil spring圆弹簧Cross beam横梁Press welding压力焊B earing轴承Support rigidity支撑刚度Pedestal swing spring type导框式定位Play，游间，游隙，摆动量Leaf spring板弹簧IS typeIS拉板式定位Bending strength弯曲强度Unsprung mass(weight)Non-sprung mass簧下质量Axle beam type转臂式定位Cylindrical roller bearing圆柱滚子轴承Ball bearing球轴承Overhaul大修Nose suspension device轴悬，臂式悬挂装置Cardan driving device 万向轴驱动Torque converter变扭器Wheel tread brake踏面制动Disc brake盘型制动Brake shoe闸瓦Frictional heat摩擦热Brake pad制动闸片Motor braking动力制动Quill drive 空心轴驱动Hollow shaft空心轴Gearwheel, driven gear从动齿轮Pinion, driving gear主动齿轮Electric locomotive电力机车Rail head轨头Reprofile镟修Wheel/rail interface轮轨关系Lubricant润滑物Flatted wheel车轮擦伤Bogie transom转向架横梁Brake cylinder制动缸Parking brake停车制动Heavy duty brake重载制动Frame mounted motor架悬式电机Lifting lug吊耳Gearbox齿轮箱Compressed air压缩空气WSP(wheel slide protection)车轮防滑装置Speed sensor速度传感器Pendulum (titling) bogie摆式转向架Service life使用寿命Design concept设计理念Running speed运行速度Maximum speed最大速度Lateral force横向力Transition curve过渡曲线Circular curve圆曲线Self-steering bogie自导向转向架Running stability 运行平稳性Forced steering bogie迫导向转向架Obscurity 隐蔽，偏僻，含糊Abrasion 磨耗In terms of according to、In comparison to 对比Be sensitive to 对……敏感Rotational resistance 回转阻尼Harmonic 谐波, 和声, 谐函数Isolate … from…隔离Be commercialized for 商业化，商品化Welding technology 焊接技术General structure 一般结构Rolled steel 钢材，轧制钢Seamless steel pipe 无缝钢管Critical component 关键部件Corrugated wheel 波形辐板车轮Susceptible to 易受影响的Mass imbalance 动量不平衡Resonance 共振Put into service 投入运营，交付使用Right angle cardan driving device 直角万向轴驱动装置Impede stopForged steel 锻钢Porcupine 豪猪Rubber bushed links 用橡胶衬里的连杆Gearwheel 大齿轮In relation to 关于，涉及，与……比较Degree of coning 锥度Squealing noise 尖啸Flange or rail greasing 轮缘或轨道油脂Slippage 滑动Weled steel box format 焊接箱型结构Press against 压向Neutral section 分相区Leading bogie 导向架Vehicle suspension车辆悬挂系统Cushion system缓冲系统Laminated steel spring板弹簧Axle load轴重Carrying load载重Spring hanger弹簧吊Spring lank弹簧托板Swing link吊杆Side frame侧架，侧梁Side bearer (bearing)旁承Center bearing下心盘Equalizer bar suspension均衡梁式悬挂系统Commonwealth bogie均衡梁式转向架Levelling valve高度调节阀Solid rubber suspension pack橡胶堆悬挂系统Parlance idiom，谈话，说法，用法Take the form of leaf steel spring 采用板弹簧型式Securing strap 保护带，安全带Be left out for simplicity 为简便起见，不显示（去掉）……End on 从一端看，从端面看，一端向前地Rivete 铆钉，固定Side view 侧视图Simplified diagram 简图Sideways movement 侧面运动Reversal 逆转Durability 耐久性, 耐用性; 坚固Axle box yoke 轴箱轭Rubber Chevron V型橡胶Boarding and alighting 上车，落下Intermittent gentle hissing 断断续续的轻微的咝咝声Alight from 走下来，下车Kinetic energy动能Air brakes or pneumatic brakes空气制动Brake pipe列车管，制动管Compressor空气压缩机Main reservoir主风缸Driver’s brake valve司机阀Equalising reservoir均衡风缸Feed valve给气阀；进给阀Angle cock截断塞门，折角塞门Hose橡胶软管（制动软管）Auxiliary reservoir辅助风缸Triple valve三通阀Brake cylinder制动缸Brake block闸瓦Relay valve延迟阀Fail safe 失效安全Friction material摩擦材料Composition material复合材料Brake rigging制动装置Rate of application制动倍率Slide valve滑阀Graduating valve递动阀，节制阀Regulating valve调整阀，调节阀Propagation rate制动波速Distributor分配阀Diaphragm膜片Throttle节流阀slack action列车冲动E-P brake电空制动Dynamic braking动力制动Rheostatic braking电阻制动Regenerative braking再生制动Psi Pounds per square inch磅/平方英尺Replenished 补充Trigger 打开，激发，引起Distributor 分配阀Sophisticated 复杂的Choke 阻气门Inshot 跃升装置; 跃升time lapse 时滞, 时延Elusive 令人困惑的; 油滑的; 难记忆的Spur 踢马剌, 剌激物, 刺激Essential ingredient 关键因素Thyristor 闸流晶体管; 半导体开关元件; 可控硅; 硅可控整流器Circuitry 电路, 线路Resistor 电阻器Power electronic 电力电子Sliding door滑动门，塞拉门Routine examination常规检查Consumable易损易耗件Maintenance regime维修体制Existing railway既有铁路Maintenance management维修管理Interchangeability互换性Operating pattern运行模式Converging聚集，会合Marshalling编组Electrified railway电气化铁路current collection equipment吸流装置Audit审计Performance indicator绩效指标maintenance standard维修标准Common sense 常识Revisit 再访, 重游, 重临Draw on 戴上, 吸收, 利用, 引诱, 向...提取, 招来, 临近Rectify 矫正, 调整Progressively adverse effect on 日益增加的反作用Morale 士气，民心Upholstery 室内装潢Clomatic condition 天气条件Of equal importanceChore 家务杂事Contractual 契约的Good access to components 零部件的易接近性Superfluous 多余的, 过剩的, 过量的Watertight 不漏水的, 水密的Thwarted 反对; 阻挠, 挫败, 妨碍Overlook 俯瞰, 耸出, 远眺, 没注意到Refitting 整修, 改装premise 房产; 房屋Planning stage 计划阶段Termini 目的地, 界标，terminus 的复数Converging 集中，收敛，会聚Proximity 接近, 亲近Jack 插孔, 插座, 起重器, 千斤顶, 男人Inspection pit 检查坑Walkway 走道, 人行道Wheel turning facility 车轮加工设备Constructed wash roadDe-icing arrangement 防止结冰, 装以除冰装置, 除冰Fire alarm 火灾报警Magnetic field磁场Maglev磁悬浮Propulsion推进Levitation 悬浮Guidance导向Attractive force吸引力Ferromagnetic 电磁铁的Magnetic repulsion磁力推进Superconducting magnet超导磁体Linear motor线性电机Magnetizing rail磁化轨道Payload weight负载Dynamic load动载荷Electrodynamic suspension, EDS电力悬浮Electromagnetic suspension, EMS电磁悬浮Levitate (使)轻轻浮起, (使)飘浮空中Cryogenics 低温学Linear synchronous motor LSM同步直线电机Linear induction motor LIM直线感应电机Gas turbine 燃气涡轮Turboprop 涡轮螺旋桨发动机Concurrently 同时发生的事件，并发的, 协作的, 一致的Availability crisisMetropolitan 大城市Turbulence 骚乱, 动荡, (液体或气体的)紊乱FRA Federal Railroad Administration 联邦铁路管理局[美] Power supply供电Electric traction system电力牵引系统Overhead wire接触网Power transmission电力传输Third rail第三轨Collector受流器Pantograph受电弓Return circuit回路Substation配电站Earthing protection接地保护Signalling circuit信号电路Catenary接触网Dropper吊线Electric arc电弧Mast柱子Booster transformer, BT吸流变流器Return wire回流线Track magnet轨道磁铁Neutral section分相区Communication cable通信线缆Pigtail引线In parallel with 与...平行、与...并联Microprocessor 微处理器Grip with 掌握，理解Electrolysis 电解Insulated 绝缘的Manhole (锅炉, 下水道供人出入检修用的)人孔, 检修孔At one’s peril 由某人自担风险Take precautions to do 采取防范措施Aggravate 使恶化, 加重Stitching 用U字钉钉箱, 缝纫Sag 松弛, 下陷, 下垂, (物价)下跌, 漂流Evacuate 疏散, 撤出, 排泄Visual intrusion 视觉障碍，妨碍CBI英国工业联合会Urban transport policy 城市交通政策Urban sprawl城市扩张Light rail轻轨Road transport路面交通Steep gradient大坡道sharp curve小半径曲线Criteria标准Congested urban area 拥挤的城市区域House of Commons Transport Committee 上议院交通委员会Congested 拥挤的Pedestrians 步行者Cyclists 骑脚踏车的人Public transport user；公共交通使用者Motorists 乘汽车者Intractable 难处理的Down-marketed 价廉质次的, 低档市场的Park and ride 停车换乘Pollutant 污染物质Resurgence 复苏Overambitious 野心太大的Underutilized 为充分利用的。

elevated railway，overhead railway, aerial railway 高架铁路mine railway 矿区铁路funicular (railway) 缆索铁路,登山铁路light railway line 轻便铁道urban railway 市区铁路railway network 铁路网railway transport 铁路运输trial run 试车open to traffic 通车porter 搬运工人ticket inspector 查票员ticket 车票single ticket，oneway ticket 单程票return ticket，roundtrip ticket 来回票platform ticket 站台票railway station 车站station hall 车站大厅information desk 服务台waiting room 候车室passenger station 客车站time-table 时刻表arrival time-table到站时刻表departure time-table 发车时刻表ticket—collector，gateman 收票员ticket office，booking office售票处junction枢纽站rail and water terminal水陆联运站platform bridge天桥luggage barrow 推行李车enquiry office, information desk 问讯处way station 小站label 行李标签luggage office 行李房left—luggage office 行李暂存处platform—ticket 验票口barrier 栅栏门platform 站台(electric）platform truck站台车platform tunnel站台地道platform roofing 站台顶棚station-master 站长terminal; terminus 终点站escalator自动扶梯The train leaves the station at..。