(有答案)高中英语短篇文章之《黑人托妮·莫里森》

（有答案）高中英语短篇文章之《黑人托妮·莫里森》阅读短文并回答问题Toni Morrison,an American writer who received the Nobel Prize in Literature,has died at age88.Her novels Beloved,Song of Solomon and others explored the way African-Americans search for freedom and identity in a country obsessed（着迷的）with skin color.Morrison was nearly40when she published her first novel The Bluest Eye in1970.Within25years,she would win the Nobel Prize in Literature. The Nobel Prize committee described her writing as“language itself,a language she wants to liberate from race”.In1988,she won the Pulitzer Prize for her novel Beloved,which tells the story of a mother who kills her baby daughter rather than permit her to be born into slavery.It became a bestseller and was later made into a film with Oprah Winfrey. Many Americans admired her as“the country’s greatest living writer”. And she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom,the U.S.’s highest civilian honor.She was born Chloe Ardelia Wofford in Lorain,Ohio,in1931.Her father worked in a steel mill,and her mother was a maid.She attended Howard University,an all-black university in Washington,D.C.At Howard,she read African,British and American literature,including writers William Faulkner and Virginia Woolf.“The writer who affected me the most was the novelist who was writing in Africa:Chinua Achebe;Things Fall Apartwas a major education for me”,she told the Associated Press in1998. After a short marriage,she became a single mother of two sons and worked as a book editor in New York.Several publishers rejected her first book The Bluest Eye,but it impressed The New York Times’book critic John Leonard who believed Morrison was an important new voice.He said her writing was“so charged with pain and wonder that the novel becomes poetry”.Morrison enjoyed her literary fame and was proud of her Nobel Prize.“Nobody was going to take that and make it into something else.I felt representational（代表性的）.I felt American.I felt Ohioan.I felt blacker than ever.I felt more woman than ever.I felt all of that and put all of that together and went out and had a good time,”she said.（节选自VOA）1.Which of the following is the theme of Morrison’s novels?A.Africa’s development in language.B.African-Americans’dream about fame.C.Americans’efforts for being independent.D.African-Americans’pursuit of freedom and identity.2.What is the second paragraph mainly about?A.People’s comments on Morrison.B.The great achievements of Morrison.C.The introduction to Morrison’s novels.D.Morrison’s feelings about winning prizes.3.What can we know about Morrison from the text?A.The Beloved made her win the Pulitzer Prize.B.She attended an all-black university in Britain.C.The African poet Chinua Achebe influenced her most.D.She was the lead editor of The New York Times.4.What can we learn from the words of Morison in the last paragraph?A.She liked writing novels and loved America.B.She did better than anyone else in literature.C.She had a good time and was full of hope for life and future.D.She enjoyed winning the Nobel Prize as an African-American woman.参考答案1-4DBAD单词与长难句1.liberate v.解放，释放2.civilian adj.平民的，百姓的3.Toni Morrison,an American writer who received the Nobel Prize in Literature,has died at age88.Her novels Beloved,Song of Solomon and others explored the way African-Americans search for freedom and identity in a country obsessed with skin color.主干：Toni Morrison has died.Her novels explored the way.译文：曾获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国作家托妮·莫里森逝世，享年88岁。

托尼·莫里森作品中的黑人创伤综述托尼·莫里森（Toni Morrison）是美国著名作家，她的作品以揭示黑人经历的创伤和种族问题而闻名。

在她的小说中，她以深入人心的方式描绘了黑人人物的痛苦、压迫和复杂的个人经历。

莫里森的小说中的黑人创伤主题可以追溯到她的早期作品《飞行人》(The Bluest Eye)。

这本小说讲述了一个年轻黑人女孩佩肂痛苦的童年，她因为对自己外貌的不满和对白人理想的渴望而活在自我恶化和自我憎恨中。

佩肂经历了种族歧视、家庭暴力以及自我压迫等多种创伤，最终导致她精神崩溃。

《飞行人》揭示了黑人女性身份认同问题的创伤，以及对于黑人人物来说，美丽和价值之间的紧张关系。

在莫里森的另一部代表作《自由》(Beloved)中，她讲述了一个被奴役和虐待的黑人妇女的故事。

小说以她的名字Beloved为标题，这个名字代表着她在生命中承受的痛苦。

Beloved被奴役者杀死，但她的灵魂仍然留在世上，对母亲以及整个黑人社群带来了心理和情感上的痛苦。

《自由》通过揭示奴役制度对黑人人物身心的创伤，对种族歧视和历史记忆的痛苦，以及奴隶被剥夺母亲角色的创伤进行了探索。

莫里森的作品中还涉及到种族和性别问题的交织。

在《生命之谣》(Jazz)中，她通过讲述一个关于爱情、欲望和疯狂的故事，探讨了黑人男子的身份认同问题。

小说以男主人公维斯洛夫的视角叙述，他通过回忆自己的爱情故事来探索自我和社会的关系。

维斯洛夫经历了种族歧视和个人痛苦，最终理解到爱情、自由和身份之间的复杂关系。

莫里森的小说中的黑人创伤主题常常涉及到个人的心理和情感，以及对社会和历史事件的反思。

她以深入的洞察力和细腻的描写，揭示了黑人人物内心的创伤和矛盾，以及种族歧视和历史遗留问题对他们的影响。

通过她的作品，莫里森为我们提供了一个反思、理解和关爱黑人创伤的视角，以及重建个人和社会身份的可能性。

英语阅读理解练习题及答案含解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解They say that an apple a day keeps the doctor away. Well, there is one lady who believes that it's actually chocolate. At 102 years of age, she's living proof.According to Boonville, Indiana's Eunice Modlin, a daily dose of chocolate has been the key to a long and healthy life. Specifically, two pieces of dark chocolate. It's not just Eunice who believes this.Many scientists have attributed the sweet to health benefits such as lower chances of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.However, researchers believe that Eunice might be overlooking the fact that she has never smoked or drunk alcohol in her long life, and that chocolate might not be the significant cause of her longevity."There are so many other factors to her long life and chocolate isn't the only one," nutritionist Vanessa Rissetto said. "Genes, her diet in general…are probably the main reasons."At any rate, Eunice is still alive and kicking. With four children, seven grandkids, 14 great-grandkids and 11 great-great grandkids, this lady has a big family.It must be noted that Eunice was also very athletic, being an archer in her 20s .Amazingly, she has lived through tough times such as the Great Depression and World War II .Also, the healthy blood runs through the veins of other family members. Eunice's brother is also still alive, at 101 years of age.No matter what you might think, Eunice's consumption of chocolate can't be ignored. In 2015, a BMJ study showed that a daily treat of one small bar would give the consumer 23% less chance of having a stroke (中风).What is in the sweet that makes it so beneficial? Apparently, cocoa beans have flavonoids, plant nutrients that have useful antioxidants (抗氧化剂)."Not all chocolate is created equal," Rissetto warns. "Dark chocolate has more flavonoids than milk chocolate, and white chocolate—which does not actually contain chocolate—is not a good source of flavonoids."（1）According to the article, which of the following lead to Eunice Modlin's long and healthy life?a. two pieces of dark chocolateb. genesc. lifelong exercised. good diete. love of her large familyA. a, b, dB. b, c, dC. a, b, eD. a, c, d（2）Rissetto thinks that .A. chocolate is the most important thing that affects Eunice's healthB. no smoking or drinking contributes the most to Eunice's longevityC. chocolate really has nothing to do with her long and healthy lifeD. Eunice's good dietdoesn't only mean taking chocolate every day（3）What the author presented in the passage sounds .A. persuasiveB. objectiveC. subjectiveD. critical（4）From the whole passage we can conclude that______________.A. there's universal proof for what contributes to a long lifeB. it is generally accepted that chocolate is the key to longevityC. many factors may contribute to people's good healthD. a bit of any chocolate a day keeps the doctor away【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国印第安纳女性Eunice Modlin现在已经102岁的了，她认为自己长寿的秘密是每天吃巧克力，并分析了她长寿的原因以及巧克力对健康产生影响的原因。

告别曼德拉Nelson Mandela, who rose from militant antiapartheid activist to become the unifying president of a democratic South Africa and a global symbol of racial reconciliation, died at his Johannesburg home following a lengthy stay at a Pretoria hospital, President Jacob Zuma said Thursday. He was 95.南非总统祖马(Jacob Zuma)周四宣布，纳尔逊曼德拉(Nelson Mandela)在位于约翰内斯堡的家中去世，享年95岁。

曼德拉曾是积极投身反种族隔离制度的活动人士，后来成为在实现了民主的南非使各方团结在一起的总统。

同时他也是全球种族和解的一个象征。

曼德拉去世前在比勒陀利亚的一家医院长期住院治疗。

'He passed on peacefully,' Mr. Zuma said in a state television address. 'This is a moment of our deepest sorrow. Our nation has lost its greatest son.' 祖马在国有电视台发表讲话说，他平静地走了，此时此刻我们悲痛万分。

我们的国家失去了它最伟大的儿子。

Mr. Mandela spent nearly three months in the hospital through September, initially to treat a lung infection. It was the latest in a series of increasingly severe ailments South Africa's first black president had battled since contracting tuberculosis during his nearly three decades in prison for opposing the former white-minority regime.在截至9月份的近三个月中，曼德拉一直在住院治疗，最初是因为肺部感染。

高一英语阅读理解高一英语阅读理解练习题及参考答案高一英语阅读理解练习题(一)Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to bee a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middleof the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission(录取) to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling.In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical schoolfor women.1. Why couldn’t Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of being a surgeon?A. She couldn’t get admitted to medical schoolB. She decided to further her education in ParisC. A serious eye problem stopped herD. It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States2. What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeth’s chances for being for a doctor?A. She was a woman.B. She wrote too many letters.C. She couldn’t graduate from medical school.D. She couldn’t set up her hospital.3. How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital?A. Eight yearsB. Ten yearsC. Nineteen yearsD. Thirty-six years4. According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts” in the life of Elizabeth Blacekwell,except that she ______.A. became the first woman physicianB. was the first woman doctorC. and several other women founded the first hospital for women and childrenD. set up the first medical school for women5. Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in _______.A. EnglandB. ParisC. the United StatesD. New York City高一英语阅读理解练习题答案1C 2 A 3 A 4 B 5 C高一英语阅读理解练习题(二)An expensive car speeding down the main street of a small town was soon caught up with by a young motorcycle policeman. As he started to make out the ticket, the woman behind the wheel said proudly, “Before you go any further, young man, I think you should know that the mayor of this city is a good friend of mine.”The officer did not say a word, but kept writing. “I am also a friend of chief of police Barens,”continued the woman, getting more angry each moment, Still he kept on writing. “Young man,”she persisted, “I know Judge Lawso n and State Senator (参议员) Patton.” Handing the ticket to the woman, the officer asked pleasantly , “Tell me, do you know Bill Bronson.”“Why, no,”she answered.“Well, that is the man you should have known,”he said, heading back to his motorcycle, “I an Bill Bronson.”1. The policeman stopped the car because_____A. it was an expensive carB. the driver was a proud ladyC. the driver was driving beyond the speed limitD. the driver was going to make trouble for the police2. The woman was getting more angry each moment because _____.A. the policeman didn’t know her friendsB. the policeman didn’t accept her kindnessC. the policeman was going to punish herD. she didn’t know the policeman’s name3. The policeman was _______.A. an honourable fellowB. a stupid fellowC. an impolite manD. a shy man4. The woman was _______.A. kind-heartedB. a person who depended on someone else to finish her workC. trying to frighten the policeman on the strength of her friends’ powerf ul positionsD. introducing her good friends’ names to the young officer5. The policeman _______.A. had no sense of humor (幽默)B. had s sense of humorC. had no sense of dutyD. was senseless。

托尼·莫里森作品中的黑人创伤综述托尼·莫里森（Toni Morrison）是美国现代文学的重要作家之一，她的作品以揭示黑人社会和个体内心的创伤为主题，探索了黑人身份和经历的复杂性。

在她的小说中，黑人创伤经历被深入研究和呈现，并呼吁社会对这些创伤给予关注和关怀。

本文将对托尼·莫里森作品中的黑人创伤进行综述。

莫里森作品中最常被提及的黑人创伤是奴隶制度所带来的身体和心灵上的伤害。

在《宝贝》（Beloved）中，主人公塞斯特（Sethe）是一个逃离奴隶制度的黑人妇女，她为了给自己的女儿一个自由的未来，选择了杀死她。

这个行为带给塞斯特无尽的内疚和痛苦，她的内心深处始终被过去的创伤所困扰。

这个故事揭示了奴隶制度对黑人个体和家庭的摧毁，以及黑人后裔对过去的痛苦和记忆的继承。

莫里森作品中还探讨了种族暴力对黑人社区的创伤影响。

在《天堂》（Paradise）中，莱斯•芒拉特（Ruby）这个小镇的黑人居民曾经历了一系列的种族屠杀事件，导致社区陷入混乱和破碎。

这个故事揭示了种族暴力对于黑人社区的持久伤害，使得个体和整个社群无法忘记过去的创伤。

莫里森通过描写芒拉特居民的心理状态和行为举止，呈现了种族暴力对生活的持续影响。

在莫里森的作品中，个体内心的创伤也得到了重视。

在《琴棋书画》（Jazz）中，主人公维奥莱特（Violet）和约·特雷斯（Joe Trace）的婚姻因为外遇而陷入危机，维奥莱特为了保护自己的婚姻，采取了极端的行动。

这个故事展现了夫妻关系中的心理创伤和对爱情的追求，同时也揭示了种族和性别对个体心灵的伤害。

在托尼·莫里森的作品中，黑人创伤是一个重要的主题，她通过细腻的描写和复杂的情节，将黑人社区和个体的创伤经历深入刻画。

这些创伤不仅来自于历史上的奴隶制度和种族屠杀，也来自于个体内心深处的挣扎和痛苦。

莫里森的作品呼吁社会对这些创伤给予理解和关怀，并在理解的基础上寻求和平和救赎。

高中英语阅读理解(人物故事)试题(有答案和解析)一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．阅读理解The great-grandmother is learning English with the help of her family when she is at the age of 91. She hopes to use the language at next year's Olympic Games in Tokyo. Takamizawa was one of the more than 200, 00 people who requested to volunteer for Tokyo's 2020 Games. English is not required for service, but it is a useful skill for volunteers to have.But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, "In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language."Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. "When I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, 'It's not too late. We will teach you one word a day' ". Natsuko is Takamizawa's granddaughter and main English teacher. Natsuko sends a new English word to her grandmother's phone every day. They also often work together directly on phrases that Takamizawa will need for the Olympics. "Welcome to Tokyo, this is the Olympic stadium, how can I help you?" Takamizawa answers when asked to say an English phrase she has learned. Natsuko explains that she wanted to give her grandmother something to enjoy. "I can clearly see her English is getting better. It's my joy now."The EF English Proficiency Index is a measure of the level of English spoken in a country. Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language. This situation is slowly changing as younger generations welcome English. However, Takamizawa believes real change will not happen unless Japanese people become more open to the rest of the world. With around 500 days to go until the games begin, the whole Takamizawa family is ready to welcome the world to Tokyo.（1）Why couldn't Takamizawa learn English when she was young?A. Because English was useless.B. Because she was too young to learn English.C. Because English was forbidden to learn.D. Because she was unwilling to learn English.（2）What can we know from the third paragraph?A. Takamizawa gets strong support from her family.B. Takamizawa's grandchildren love her a lot.C. Natsuko is Takamizawa's granddaughter and only English teacher.D. Natsuko teaches Takamizawa English mainly by talking with her.（3）What does the underlined phrase "This situation" in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. English is not the first language in Japan.B. The level of English spoken in Japan is relatively low.C. Younger generations in Japan welcome English.D. Japanese people become open to the rest of the world.（4）What is the main idea of the passage?A. Where there is a will, there is a way.B. It is never too late to learn.C. The early bird catches the worm.D. Two heads are better than one.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa为了做好迎接在东京举行的2020奥运会的志愿工作，在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下开始学习英语。

托尼·莫里森作品中的黑人创伤综述托尼·莫里森是美国文学史上最具影响力和成就的作家之一，她的作品以探讨种族、性别和个人身份等主题而闻名。

在她的小说中，莫里森经常描写黑人的创伤和心灵创伤，将其作为她作品的核心。

本文将综述莫里森作品中黑人创伤的主要表现形式和主题。

一个重要的主题是奴隶制带来的黑人创伤。

在《亲爱的》中，莫里森描写了斯特拉的母亲和其他奴隶因为奴役而受到的身体和心灵毁灭。

她们被奴隶主迫害、侮辱和伤害，导致她们的自尊心受到严重打击，无法摆脱奴役和恶劣的生活条件。

而在《宠儿》中，莫里森描述了一个名叫朗伊的前奴隶的故事，他为了逃离奴役而接受了手臂截肢的残酷刑罚。

这些描写表明奴隶制度对黑人社区产生了持续的创伤和伤害。

莫里森经常描写黑人的种族歧视和剥夺。

在《亲爱的》中，莫里森描述了弗兰克从小受到的种族歧视和社会排斥的经历。

他在白人社区中被视为异类，经历了孤立和被欺凌。

在《儿女》中，莫里森描写了一对黑人夫妇的故事，他们在白人社会中经历了剥夺和不公正的对待。

这些描写揭示了黑人在种族主义社会中所受的伤害和创伤。

莫里森还关注黑人女性的创伤和剥夺。

在《紫色》中，莫里森描写了一个名叫塞莉娜的黑人女性的生活故事。

她在家庭和社会中遭受了多重剥夺和虐待，经历了情感和身体上的伤害。

在《最后的话》中，莫里森描述了一名名叫海纳的黑人女性的故事，她在家庭和社会中经历了暴力和剥夺。

这些描写凸显了黑人女性所受的性别和种族双重歧视的创伤和压迫。

莫里森的作品中还探讨了黑人社区内部的创伤。

在《宠儿》中，莫里森描写了一个黑人社区中的故事，描述了社区内部的争斗、欺骗和创伤。

在《爱》中，莫里森描写了一个黑人家庭的故事，揭示了家庭中成员之间的暴力，以及父母对孩子和孩子对父母的心理和情感伤害。

这些描写表明了黑人社区内部的创伤和痛苦。

托尼·莫里森的作品中描绘了黑人创伤的多个层面，包括奴隶制度带来的创伤、种族歧视和剥夺、黑人女性的创伤和剥夺，以及黑人社区内部的创伤。

托尼·莫里森作品中的黑人创伤综述崔婷（沈阳师范大学外国语学院辽宁·沈阳110000）摘要作为当代美国文学史中最著名的黑人女性小说家，托尼·莫里森生动再现了蓄奴制带来的创伤。

托尼·莫里森作品中的黑人创伤集中体现在她的重要作品中，从类型和特点的角度来看，主要分为黑人女性创伤、黑人儿童创伤、黑人文化创伤、黑人战争创伤等几个方面。

关键词托尼·莫里森小说黑人创伤综述中图分类号：I106文献标识码：A0引言托尼·莫里森是当代美国文学史中最著名的黑人女性小说家。

她的作品生动再现了蓄奴制带来的创伤。

托尼·莫里森作品中的黑人创伤集中体现在她的重要作品中，从类型和特点的角度来看，主要分为黑人女性创伤、黑人儿童创伤、黑人文化创伤、黑人战争创伤、黑人心理创伤等几个方面。

1黑人女性创伤研究过去关于莫里森的研究主要集中在小说中黑人母亲的隐喻研究和女权理论下的论述。

在具体的研究方法上，集中在叙事学、种族研究、文化批评等诸多路向。

王梦巧（2016）在《托尼·莫里森小说创伤写作研究》中指出，然而，上述研究更多地集中在创作技巧层面。

在作者看来，莫里森作品中存在大量场景，表现的是奴隶制对于黑人的残害，而上述创伤则落脚于民族创伤、心理创伤等角度，通过故事的叙述复原创伤。

苏东霞（2017）在《托尼·莫里森<慈悲>中的黑人女性创伤》指出，对于莫里森的研究，应当突破传统意义上仅从种族主义角度分析的局限，聚焦黑人女性在创伤中走出来的诸多策略。

作者认为，在小说《慈悲》中，托尼·莫里森聚焦黑人女性的创伤记忆。

托尼·莫里森借助对于黑人女性创伤的描述，揭露出黑人女性所面临的种族主义、奴隶制度和性别歧视等方面的悲惨命运。

在作品中，托尼·莫里森描述了家庭的破碎、爱情亲情缺失带来的痛苦，字里行间透露出自我的迷失和外在的枷锁这两大原因给黑人女性的沉痛打击，也展示出了黑人女性命运的悲惨历史根源。

高一英语阅读理解原文及答案高一英语阅读理解原文及答案在19至20世纪的，英国和美国在文化、经济、军事、政治和科学在世界上的领先地位使得英语成为一种国际语言。

如今，许多国际场合都使用英语做为沟通媒介。

下面是小编为你带来的高一英语阅读理解原文及答案，欢迎阅读。

高一英语阅读理解【2】Jean is a bright young woman who comes from a rich and famous family. She goes to a good university and has everything that money can buy. Well, almost everything. The problem is that the people in Jeans family are so busy that they can hardly find time to be with her. In fact, Jean is quite lonely. So Jean spends a lot of time on her QQ. She likes being anonymous(匿名), talking to people who do not know about her famous family and her rich life. She uses the name Linda on QQ and has made a lot of friends who she keeps in touch with quite often.Last year Jean made a very special friend on QQ. His name was David and lived in San Francisco. David was full of stories and jokes. He and Jeanmodern dance. So it had a common(共同的) interest in rock music andalways took them hours to talk happily on QQ and sometimes they even forgot their time. Of course, they wanted to know more about each other. David sent a picture of himself: He was a tall, good-looking young man with a big, happy smile. As time went by, they became good friends and often sent cards and small things to each other.When Jeans father told her that he was going on a business trip to San Francisco, she asked him to let her go with him so thatshe could give David a surprise for his birthday. She would take him the latest DVD of their favorite rock singer. But when she knocked on Davids door in San Francisco, she found that her special friend was a twelve-year-old boy named Jim!根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。

托尼·莫里森作品中的黑人创伤综述托尼·莫里森是20世纪末至21世纪初最著名的黑人女作家之一，其作品深刻地揭示了黑人在美国历史上的创伤和抗争。

这篇文章将围绕莫里森作品中的黑人创伤主题进行综述。

首先，莫里森作品《宠儿》（The Bluest Eye）描绘了黑人女孩佩可拉的创伤经历。

作品中通过佩可拉想要拥有白人小女孩那样蓝色的眼睛来展现了由酗酒家庭、双亲关系紊乱和族裔盲目仇视等多种因素导致的身份焦虑和自我否定。

作品的另一位主角克劳迪娅通过回忆童年时的经历最终意识到佩可拉的处境，并真正开始理解黑人女性在美国社会中的处境。

其次，莫里森作品《心灵的寄托》（Beloved）是其最著名的作品之一，它揭示了黑人奴隶制度时期的创伤。

作品中的主角塞斯特未能忘记她在逃离奴隶制度后所经历的痛苦和创伤，这些创伤深深地影响着她的生活。

而塞斯特的女儿“可爱”的出现，更是将她的过去再次带到了她的现实生活中。

通过这部作品，莫里森让我们理解到奴隶制度对黑人人口的严重伤害，她告诫世人不要忘记历史，同时让我们重新审视了奴隶制度对美国历史的影响。

第三，莫里森作品《女人在紫色沙漠中》（Sula）描述了两位青年女孩苏拉和她的好友内拉的创伤。

作品中通过讲述她们青年时代的友情，以及最终由于一些误解和争吵而破裂，展现了黑人女性所面对的种族歧视和家庭关系的复杂性。

苏拉在她的家庭中遭受了严重的创伤和虐待，结果导致了她人格分裂。

作品强调了对于黑人女性的自我价值和个人成长的重要性。

最后，莫里森作品《在爱抚中》（Jazz）揭示了黑人男性的创伤。

作品的主角伊甸·托马斯受到了种族主义、性别歧视和父亲的虐待等多重创伤。

而每个男性的遭遇都类似，他们都由严峻的社会经历构成对他们人性的打击，并且也为了保护自己的尊严而采取了不当方法。

作品通过揭示黑人男性的真实感情，释放他们的痛苦和不安，为我们展示了黑人男性面临的挑战和复杂性。

综上所述，莫里森的作品是对黑人创伤和抗争的深刻反思和探究。

托尼·莫里森作品中的黑人创伤综述托尼·莫里森（Toni Morrison）是美国当代最著名的作家之一，她是美国文学史上第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的黑人女性。

托尼·莫里森的作品中，黑人创伤是一个重要的主题，她通过叙述黑人社会、文化、历史中的种种困境，呈现了黑人身体和精神上的创伤，并深入探讨了种族、阶级和性别问题。

托尼·莫里森的第一部小说《天堂》（The Bluest Eye）描写了一个年轻黑女孩佩奇（Pecola）的生活，她生活在一个种族歧视和贫困的社区中，被白人社会所忽视。

佩奇渴望获得美丽和爱，但她身体和灵魂上的创伤令她疯狂。

小说中的其他角色，比如佩奇的母亲，也反映了黑人女性在爱情、婚姻、母爱上所承受的巨大压力和困境。

托尼·莫里森的另一部作品《至爱》（Beloved）是以一个真实的历史事件为背景：美国南方的奴隶制度。

小说中，主人公希波·格林（Sethe）是逃离奴隶制度的黑人母亲，她的女儿被她杀害，以免让她重回奴隶生活。

这一事件留下了深刻的创伤，它不仅影响了希波的生活，还影响了她的家庭和社群。

小说中的“至爱”（Beloved），是希波女儿的幽灵，象征着被奴隶制度彻底摧毁的黑人身体和灵魂的创伤。

托尼·莫里森的作品中，黑人创伤不仅是个人层面的经历，它还反映了整个黑人社会和文化的历史经验。

作品中所描绘的黑人社会的困境和难以逾越的障碍，表达了黑人所受的系统性压迫和剥削。

与此同时，托尼·莫里森的作品中，也关注了黑人社会和文化自主性的力量，试图为黑人赋予崇高的历史意义和价值，拓展了读者对种族问题的认知和思考。

总之，托尼·莫里森作品中的黑人创伤是她极富深度和广度的作品的重要主题之一。

她通过生动的叙述和深入的探索，揭示了黑人身体和灵魂上的创伤，并提出了对这一问题的反思和探讨。

她的作品不仅为黑人历史与文化赋予新的意义和价值，也为人们思考种族、阶级和性别问题提供了深刻的启示。

一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解The new social robots, including Jibo, Cozmo, Kuri and Meccano M.A.X., bear some resemblance to assistants like Apple's Siri, but these robots come with something more. They are designed to win us over not with their smarts but with their personality. They are sold as companions that do more than talk to us. Time magazine hailed (称赞) the robots that "could fundamentally reshape how we interact with machines." But is reshaping how we interact with machines a good thing, especially for children?Some researchers in favor of the robots don't see a problem with this. People have relationships with many kinds of things. Some say robots are just another thing with which we can have relationships. To support their argument, roboticists sometimes point to how children deal with toy dolls. Children animate (赋予…生命) dolls and turn them into imaginary friends. Jibo, in a sense, will be one more imaginary friend, and arguably a more intelligent and fun one.Getting attached to dolls and sociable machines is different, though. Today's robots tell children that they have emotions, friendships, even dreams to share. In reality, the whole goal of the robots is emotional trickery. For instance, Cozmo the robot needs to be fed, repaired and played with. Boris Sofman, the chief executive of Anki, the company behind Cozmo, says that the idea is to create "a deeper and deeper emotional connection ... And if you neglect him, you feel the pain of that." What is the point of this, exactly? What does it mean to feel the pain of neglecting something that feels no pain at being neglected, or to feel anger at being neglected by something that doesn't even know it is neglecting you?This should not be our only concern. It is troubling that these robots try to empathize with children. Empathy allows us to put ourselves in the place of others, to know what they are feeling. Robots, however, have no emotions to share, and they cannot put themselves in our place. No matter what robotic creatures "say" or squeak, they don't understand our emotional lives. They present themselves as empathy machines, but they are missing the essential equipment. They have not been born, they don't know pain, or death, or fear. Robot thinking may be thinking, but robot feeling is never feeling, and robot love is never love.What is also troubling is that children take robots' behavior to indicate feelings. When the robots interact with them, children take this as evidence that the robots like them, and when robots don't work when needed, children also take it personally. Their relationships with the robots affect their self-esteem (自尊). In one study, an 8-year-old boy concluded that the robot stopped talking to him because the robot liked his brothers better.For so long, we dreamed of artificial intelligence offering us not only simple help but conversation and care. Now that our dream is becoming real, it is time to deal with the emotional downside of living with robots that "feel."（1）How are the new social robots different from Siri?A. They are intended to teach children how to talk.B. They are designed to attract people with their smarts.C. Their main function is to evaluate children's personality.D. They have a new way to communicate with human beings.（2）In Paragraph 3 Cozmo is used as an example to show that the social robots ______.A. are deeply connected with human beingsB. are unable to build a real relationship with childrenC. are so advanced that they can feel the pain of human beingsD. are not good enough to carry out the instructions of children（3）The underlined phrase "essential equipment" in Paragraph 4 refers to ______.A. emotionB. painC. fearD. thinking（4）Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: ConclusionA. B.C. D.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，新的社交机器人与以往机器人不同，他们不仅比我们聪明还有他们的个性。

论托尼·莫里森《最蓝的眼睛》中的黑人女性主义意识作者：李贵琼来源：《赤峰学院学报·哲学社会科学版》 2015年第3期李贵琼（四川师范大学外国语学院，四川成都 610101）摘要：美国黑人女作家托尼·莫里森的处女作《最蓝的眼睛》被誉为黑人女性主义的经典之作。

作品通过对黑人，特别是黑人女性悲惨生活状况的生动形象的描摹，展现了细致微妙的人物特点和厚重而深远的思想价值。

本文在黑人女性主义的视野下，通过分析黑人女性的生活悲剧和痛苦际遇来揭开托尼·莫里森该作品中的黑人女性主义意识，以此再次深刻认识《最蓝的眼睛》的主题意义。

关键词：托尼·莫里森；《最蓝的眼睛》；黑人女性意识中图分类号：I106文献标识码：A文章编号：1673-2596（2015）03-0174-03一、引言美国黑人女性作家托尼·莫里森作为诺贝尔文学奖的获得者，在文学造诣上颇为显赫，其作品受到了学术界的广泛的关注和认可。

1960年，托尼·莫里森出版了她的第一部作品《最蓝的眼睛》，这部作品的问世给美国文坛带来了巨大影响，受到了国内外的广泛关注和强烈的反响，尤其是更多地受到了女性主义学者的高度关注。

托尼·莫里森通过高超的智慧、勇敢的冒险和创新精神以及娴熟的描写技巧使她成为美国文学史上的一颗巨星。

《最蓝的眼睛》为我们刻画了黑人女孩佩科拉在白人主宰的社会背景下的痛苦遭遇和她的悲惨命运。

她是一个非常普通，没有美丽的外表的黑人女孩。

小说以20世纪40年代为背景，描述了她所忍受的周围同学、邻居、以及老师的欺辱和无视。

她过着压抑、痛苦、残酷的生活。

更可恨的是，佩科拉也没有从亲生父母那里得到渴望的关爱和照顾。

同样是黑人女性的母亲没有给予佩科拉温暖的母爱，她的父亲乔利整日无所事事，最终成为暴徒，并且残忍地强暴了可怜的佩科拉致使她年少就怀孕。

佩科拉把这一切的痛苦和遭遇都归结于一个原因——蓝眼睛。

南京市高考英语阅读理解试题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解A society that lives by the plastic fork may very well die from it. That's how things are looking. Anyway, for a world so used to disposable(一次性的) habits, any hope for a solution(解决方案) also increasingly seems to be buried.Sure, there have been some hopeful ideas. Boyan Slat, the Dutch inventor developed a plan for Covering the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. Not long after it started, Slat's system experienced "material fatigue(疲劳)"-likely the result of being strained(使受到压力) by all that trash-and the task was delayed.All the while, the plastic increases. Its growth is very fast, according to Linda Wang, a professor of chemical engineering at Purdue University. She says, "We'll have more plastic than fish by 2050." Yet Wang, along with other researchers at Purdue, may have a solution not only to this plastic problem, but also to the growing need for clean energy. Her team has developed a system that turns waste, a durable, lightweight material that accounts for about a quarter of all plastic waste, into a highly pure form of gasoline.Publishing their findings in the journal Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, the scientists' state that instead of making plastic go away, they can break it down and reuse it, using chemistry to destroy what chemistry brought to the world when plastic was developed back in 1907.The process uses "supercritical" water-heated to around 450 degrees Celsius (842 degrees Fahrenheit),beyond the key point at which distinct liquid and vapor phases(气液态) exist-to boil plastic waste into an oil, the researchers explain. It takes a couple of hours for the supercritical water to complete the transformation, but the result is a kind of oil that can be used as gasoline or fuel. It can also be turned into other products.The researchers have only made the transformation in a laboratory setting so far, but they suggest turning the process to a commercial scale(规模) may not be far off. And considering the 300 million tons of plastic into the environment every year, that day can't come soon enough. But it will come in time.（1）Why is the plastic fork mentioned in paragraph 1?A. To indicate the hopeless future of human life.B. To figure out the solution to reducing plastics.C. To show the seriousness of the plastic problem.D. To tell people to give up an unhealthy lifestyle.（2）What can we know about Slat's system?A. It proves harmful to the Pacific.B. It has been abandoned completely.C. It has received many people's opposition.D. It met with difficulty while being carried out.（3）What is the advantage of Wang's system?A. It can save fish in the ocean.B. It can recycle and reuse plastic.C. It can surely lower the prices of gas and fuel.D. It can make plastic products more affordable.（4）What is the author's attitude towards Wang's system?A. Hopeful.B. Disapproving.C. Cautious.D. Uncertain.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Linda Wang的新系统，它可以回收利用塑料。

Unit5NelsonMandelaamodernhero**阅读理解。

Grey clouds move as low as smoke over the treetops at Lolo Pass. The ground is white. The day is June 10.It has been sn owing for the past four days in the Bitterroot Mountains. Wayn e Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail -95 miles from Lolo Montana to Weippe in Idaho, across the ro ughest country in the West. Lewis and Clark were nearly defe ated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the Lolo. Today Fairchi ld is nervously checking the weather reports. He has agreed t o take me across the toughest, middle section of the trail. When Lewis climbed on top of Lemhi Pass,140 miles south of Missoula, on Aug.12,1805,he was astonished by what was in front of him; ＂high mountain chains still to the West of us with their tops part ially covered with snow.＂ Nobody in what was then the US k new the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high a s anything in the Appalachians back East.Today their pathway through those mountains holds more attr action than any other ground over which they traveled, for its raw wilderness is an evidence to the character of two cultures: the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americ ans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred (神圣的)gift. It remains today the same condition as when Lewis an d Clark walked it.The Lolo is passable only from July to mid-September. Our luck is holding with the weather, although the snow keeps getting deeper. As we climb to Indian Post Office , the highest point on the trail at 7,033 ft, we have covered 13 miles in soft snow, and we hardly have enough energy to mak e dinner. After a meal of chicken, I sit on a rock on top of the r idge (山脊）.There is no light visible in any direction, not even anothe r campfire. For four days we do not see another human being. We are occupied with the things that mix fear with joy. In our i magination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.1. We learn from the text that before 1805 .A. The Rocky Mountains were wholly covered with snowB. there were no people living in the western part of AmericaC.no Americans knew of the existence of the Rocky Mountain sD. the Appalachians were the western frontier of the United St ates2.We learn from the text that the Lolo Pass .A. has changed a lot since 1805B.is the meeting point of three culturesC. remains much the same as it was 200 years agoD. now attracts a large number of tourists to visit3.Judging from the text, Lewis and Clark were most probably .A. two native IndiansB. explorers of the early 19th centuryC. merchants who did business with the IndiansD. travelers whose curiosity took them over the Lolo Pass4.We can infer from the text that when crossing the Lolo Pass the author .A. was attempting the impossibleB. was trying to set a world recordC. was following the trail of Lewis and ClarkD. was fighting with weather and taking unnecessary risks 【文章大意】本文纪录的是一次追寻前人足迹的探险，尽管天气、路程等的艰难，但是在作者看来却是已经赶上了以前的探险者。

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero1．generous(adj.) 慷慨的；大方的2．principle(n.) 法则；原则；原理3．stage(n.) 舞台；阶段；时期4．vote(vt.& vi.) 投票；选举(n.) 投票；选票；表决5．attack(vt.) 进攻；攻击；抨击6．escape(vi.) 逃脱；逃走；泄露7．opinion(n.) 意见；看法；主张8．quality(n.)质量；品质；性质→quantity(n.)数量，量9．active(adj.)积极的；活跃的→actively(adv.)积极地；活跃地→activity(n.)活动10．devote(vt.)献身，专心于→devoted(adj.)忠实的；深爱的→devotion(n.)献身；奉献；忠诚11．peaceful(adj.)和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefully(adv.)→peace(n.)和平；平静；和睦12．legal(adj.)法律的；依照法律的→illegal(反义词，adj.)非法的，违法的13．violence(n.)暴力；暴行→violent(adj.)暴力的，猛烈的14．equal(adj.)相等的；平等的→equality(n.)平等；相等→equally(adv.)同样地；相等地；公平地15．educate(vt.)教育；训练→educ ated(adj.)受过教育的；有教养的→education(n.)教育→educator(n.)教育工作者，教育家16．beg(vi.)请求；乞求→beggar(n.)乞丐17．reward(n.)报酬；奖金；(vt.)酬劳；奖赏→rewarding(adj.)值得的；有益的；有回报的1．out_of_work 失业2．as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上3．come_to_power 当权；上台4．turn_to 求助于；致力于5．be_sentenced_to 被判处……(徒刑)6．worry_about 担心7．believe_in 信仰，信任8．in_trouble 处于麻烦中，处于困境中9．lose_heart 丧失勇气或信心10．set_up 设立；建立11．put...in_prison 把……投入监狱12．fight_against 反对……而斗争1．The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。