定语从句(关系代词)
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定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
一)关系代词的用法1.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。
(作)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
(作)2.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。
在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,也可省略。
例如:The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。
(作)Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?正在与明谈话的老师是谁?(作)3. that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(that作)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that作)4.Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
定语从句I 关系代词定义:在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句,叫做定语从句。
基本构成:先行词+关系间+定语从句。
先行词:它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
关系词:连接先行同和定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句,同时指代先行词,并在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
分类:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
引导定语从句的关系词有两类:关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose等,关系副词有when, where, why等。
一、关系代词的用法1.who指人,在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
Here comes the girl who wants to see you.想见你的那个女孩过来了。
(作主语)Danny was a man who we rescued from the ruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。
(作宾语)2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略,也可用who代替。
Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。
(作宾语)3.whose可修饰人,也可修饰物,表"所属"关系,whose在定语从句中作定语。
I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人,他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。
(作定语)4.which指事物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。
China is a country which has a long history.中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。
5.that既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。
习惯上指人多用who, whom,指物多用which.The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。
定语从句关系词的用法定语从句关系词的用法定语从句关系词怎么用?下面是店铺为大家收集整理的定语从句关系词的用法相关内容,欢迎阅读。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语whom 指人在从句中作宾语whose 指人或物在从句中作定语as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词2、as 的用法(1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个the same…that 表示同一个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which 代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
3、but用作关系代词,相当于who/that…not例:In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng.二、只用that不用which的情况1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
定语从句关系代词Attributive ClauseRelative PronounThe person who is riding a bike is my friend.The person以上就是定语从句的一种:关系代词引导的定语从句。
定语从句的基本结构:其中关系代词是重点:关系代词可以引导定语从句。
它代表先行词在从句中作一定的句子成分。
可充当从句的主语,宾语或所有格。
但在结构上都要提前到从句句首部分,靠近先行词。
比如上面的例句可以看做是两个单句,然后以关系代词引导进主句,形成了复合句。
关系代词还有指人与指物之分。
常用的关系代词:1,who 指人2,which 指物3,that 人或物都可指4,whom 指人,只能做宾语5,whose 人或物都可指,只能做所有格(从句中的定语)(所有格)1,关系代词可在从句中做主语:Yesterday I helped an old man who/that lost his way. who/that做主语指代人This is a dictionary which/that will help you a lot. which/that做主语指代物2,关系代词可在从句中做宾语:Mr Wang is the man (whom/who/that) you met in the zoo this morning.3, 几乎万能的that即可做主语也可做宾语,既可指人也可指物而且下面的这些特殊情况也必须用that或者作为宾语省略,** 所以在限定性定语从句中,能用that 尽量用that。
1.当先行词为all, much, none, something, nothing, everything, the one, few, little, many, anything等不定代词时。
例如:We should do all that is useful to the people. 我们应该做一切有益于人民的事情。
定语从句中关系代词的确定:一、关系代词选定要诀:定从要学好,删繁就简系首要,明确先行词,然后定关系词调;指人主格用who,宾格whom好,事物用which,主/宾都可靠;用that引定从,人/物均需要,非限制性定从句,切勿用that导;关系词作宾语,常将其省略掉,若介词+关系词,关系词切勿抛,无论人/事物,who/that均不导,指人必whom,事物which邀;as引定从,(部分)主句内容包,常含“正如”意,位置任意挑;which如此用,用时思量好,有时含“消极”味,主句之后到;such/ the same + as,固定搭配好,特殊用法务牢记,勿用乱了套;whose作定语,人/物它全包,n. + of + whom/which,可与其对调。
二、只用that作关系代词的几种情况:先行(词)本身系数词,不定代词指事物,人与事物共先行,There be中指物词作主语,关系词定从中作表语,问句避免疑问词重复,另有序数词/最高级,every/ the very/ the only,以及不定代词若干个,名词前把事物来修饰,以上情况请记清,只能使用that引导定从句。
请在横线上添上恰当的关系词:1. We need comrades _____________ can help us.2. The man _____________ you saw yesterday was a doctor from Beijing.3. This is a story about a communist fighter _____________ name或the name of _____________ is Liu Hu-lan.4. This is our classroom,_____________ windows或the windows of ______ _______ face the south.5. Here is a book _____________ will give a lot of useful knowledge.6. This is the song _____________ we like best.7. I will never forget the day,on _____________ I first saw him.8. This is the room _____________ Lao Liu once lived in.9. Do you still remember the day on _____________ he joined the army?10. The earth,_____________ we all know,moves around the sun.11. _____________ is known to all,the earth is round.12. The sun is bigger than the earth,_____________ is known to us all.13. He did not study hard,_____________ led to his failure.14. We used the same type of machine _____________ they did.15. We have found such materials _____________ are used in their factory.16. Here are five fish. The two _____________were caught yesterday are gold fish.17. Everything _____________ I told you just now is true.18. They talked of the things and persons _____________ they remembered in the school.19. There are stars _____________ we still don‘t know in space.20. Li Ying is not the girl _____________ she used to be ten years ago.[试题答案]1. who/that2. who/whom/that/×3. whose;whom4. whose;which5. which/ that6. which/ ×7. which 8. that/which/ ×9. which 10. as11. As 12. as/ which13. which 14. as15. as 16. that17. that/ ×18. that/×19. that/×20. that。
定语从句I 关系代词定义:在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句,叫做定语从句。
基本构成:先行词+关系间+定语从句。
先行词:它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
关系词:连接先行同和定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句,同时指代先行词,并在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
分类:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
引导定语从句的关系词有两类:关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose等,关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系代词的具体用法见下表:一、关系代词的用法指人,在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
Here comes the girl who wants to see you.想见你的那个女孩过来了。
(作主语)Danny was a man who we rescued from the ruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。
(作宾语)指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略,也可用who代替。
Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。
(作宾语)可修饰人,也可修饰物,表"所属"关系,whose在定语从句中作定语。
I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人,他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。
(作定语)指事物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。
China is a country which has a long history.中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。
既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。
习惯上指人多用who, whom,指物多用which.The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。
定语从句(1)一、1.什么是定语?This is a red apple.He is a handsome tall man.This is the factory near our school.This is a basket full of fruits.所以定语是___________________ 一般_______________在前____________在后.2.什么是从句?I said that I would go there the next dayDo you know where the bus station is?那么从句必须有_____________ + __________3.这就是那个妇女_____________________.那个妇女昨天帮了我。
________________________________.这就是昨天帮我的那个妇女。
___________________________________________.1、定语从句的定义:在复合句中,修饰某一个名词或代词的陈述句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。
▲结构:先行词+ 关系词+ 定语从句The man who is sitting there is a doctor.先行词关系词关系词作用:1、连接先行词和定语从句;2、意义与先行词一致,即代替先行词在从句中充当句子成分。
▲限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1、限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。
e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)2、非限制性定语从句:从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定从句,意思仍然完整。
形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。
e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)▲怎样判断是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句?答:非限制性定语从句的先行词和关系词中间有逗号。
定语从句关系代词讲解全英定语从句是修饰名词的从句,起到限定或说明名词的作用。
在英语中,关系代词用于引导定语从句。
下面是十个常用的关系代词及其用法:1. Who/Whom: 用于指人,作主语或宾语例:The man who is standing over there is my brother.那个站在那边的人是我的哥哥。
2. Which: 用于指物,作主语或宾语例:The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。
3. That: 用于指人或物,作主语或宾语例:The car that I bought last month broke down.我上个月买的那辆车出了故障。
4. Whose: 用于指人或物,表示所属关系例:The girl whose bag was stolen reported it to the police.那个被偷包的女孩报告了警察。
5. Whom: 用于指人,作宾语例:The woman whom I met at the party is a famous actress.我在派对上遇到的那个女人是一位著名的演员。
6. Where: 用于指地点,在定语从句中作状语例:This is the school where I studied when I was a child.这是我小时候上学的学校。
7. When: 用于指时间,在定语从句中作状语例:The day when we met for the first time is still vivid in my memory.我们第一次见面的那一天在我的记忆中仍然很鲜活。
8. Why: 用于指原因,在定语从句中作状语例:The reason why he got angry is still unknown to me.他生气的原因我仍然不知道。
定语从句I 关系代词定义:在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句,叫做定语从句。
基本构成:先行词+关系间+定语从句。
先行词:它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
关系词:连接先行同和定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句,同时指代先行词,并在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
分类:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
引导定语从句的关系词有两类:关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose等, 关系副词有when, where, why 等。
一、关系代词的用法指人,在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
Here comes the girl who wants to see you.想见你的那个女孩过来了。
(作主语)Danny was a man who we rescued from the ruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。
(作宾语)指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略,也可用who代替。
Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。
(作宾语)可修饰人,也可修饰物,表“所属“关系,whose在定语从句中作定语。
I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人,他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。
(作定语)指事物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。
China is a country which has a long history.中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。
既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。
习惯上指人多用who, whom,指物多用which.The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。
定语从句中的关系代词用法定语从句中的关系代词用法关系代词指的是代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分。
以下是店铺帮大家整理的定语从句中的关系代词用法,欢迎大家借鉴与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。
1、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2)Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在句中作主语)The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。
(which / that 在句中作宾语)2、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。