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北京2008年11月成人英语三级A卷试题 6. All the following cases are on-the-job smoking except that____. A an employer smokes while working in the office B a taxi driver smokes while driving the car C a worker smokes while working in the workshop D a worker smokes while reading in the train 7. According to the passage, on-the-job smoking affects an employee’s performance in the office in that_____. A he can concentrate on what he is doing while smoking B he often goes away from his desk to smoke in the break-room C he often asks for sick leave as a result of too much smoking D he takes a rest from time to time because of eye irritation 8. Many managers do not seem to be in favor of on-the-job smoking mainly because it ____. A reduces productivity of the company to a certain degree B does harm to the health of never-smokers of the company C affects the relationship between smokers and non-smokers D makes the break-rooms more crowded and more polluted 9. Passive smoking means____ A never-smokers take up the habit of smoking unwillingly B never-smokers have to put up with the active smokers C never-smokers take in smoke released by a lit cigarette D never-smokers share an enclosed area with smokers 10. In the second part of the passage, the author suggests banning on-the-job smoking so as to____. A cut down costs of medical care and insurance B create a healthy and safe working environment C prevent eye irritation from becoming a big health problem D improve the smoking employees’ work efficiencyPassage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences i n nightmares(噩梦). (79)Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad m emories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase(抹去), the effect of painful memories. In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing che micals that fix memories in the brain. (80) So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of m emories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased. The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers’ troubling memories after war. They say tha t there are many people who suffer from terrible memories. “Some memories can ruin people’s lives. They come back to you when you don’t want to have them in a d aydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions.” said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiat ry at Harvard MedicalSchool. “This could relieve a lot of that suffering.” But those who are against the research say that it is very dangerous to change memories because memories g ive us our identity. They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past. “All of us can think of bad events in our lived that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I’m not sure we want to wipe those memories out,” said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist. 11. The passage is mainly about _____. A a new medical invention B a new research on memories C a way of erasing painful memories D an argument about the research on the pill 12. The drug tested on people can ____. A cause the brain to fix memories B stop people remembering their experiences C prevent body producing certain chemicals D wipe out the emotional effects of memories 13. We can infer from the passage that_____. A people doubt the effects of the pills B the pill will stop people’s bad experiences C taking the pill will do harm to people’s health D the pill has probably been produced in America 14. Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with? A Some memories can ruin people’s lives. B People want to get rid of bad memories. C Experiencing bad events makes us different from others. D The pill will reduce people’s sufferings from bad memories. 15. The word “scars” in Paragraph One is close in meaning to ____. A good stories B pains C experiences D memoriesPart II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 16. Don’t be too ___ about things you are not supposed to know. A strange B amusing C curious D conscious 17. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ____ he is likely to lose control over the plane. A where B which C while D why 18. In order to change attitudes ___ employing women, the government is bringing in new laws. A about B of C towards D on 19. The fact came up ____ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old. A what B which C that D whose 20. It is generally believed that teaching is ____ it is a science. A an art much as B much an art as C as an art much as D as much an art as 21. _____, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. A However the story is amusing B No matter amusing the story is C However amusing the story is D No matter how the story is amusing 22. For the sake of her daughter’s health, she decided to move to a warm____. A weather B temperature C season D climate 23. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may get ____ by a car. A run out B run over C run away D run after 24. ___, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. A Strangely enough B Enough strangely C Strange enough D Enough strange 25. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ____ whether they will enjoy it. A to see B to be seen C seeing D seen 26. ----You seem to show interest in cooking. -----What? ____, I’m getting tired of it. A On the contrary B To the contrary C On the other hand D To the other hand 27. These wild flowers are so special that I would do ____ I can to save them. A whatever B that C which D whichever28. Time will____ whether I made the right choice or not. A see B say C tell D know 29. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ____ the girl and took her away, ____ into the woods. A seizing; disappeared B seized; disappeared C seizing; disappearing D seized; disappearing 30. It suddenly ____ me how we could improve the situation. A occurred B feared C shook D struck 31. Was it because he was ill ____ he asked for leave? A so B when C why D that 32. John likes Chinese food, but he ____ eating with chopsticks. A is used to B used to C isn’t used to D didn’t used to 33. FujianProvince lies ____ the east of China and Taiwan is ____ the east of Fujian. A in; in B to; in C to; to D in; to 34. For John this was the beginning of a new life, _____he thought he would never see, A what B that C one D it 35. We stayed for the night at the foot of the mountain and ____ to climb it the next morning. A set about B set off C set up D set out 36. We should do as much ad we can ____ our country better and more beautiful. A make B to make C makes D making 37. “To put of something” means “to _____”. A look for it B put it in place C postpone it D cancel it 38. _____, he’ll make a first-class tennis player, A Giving time B To give time C Given time D Being given time 39. ----Did you see her off the day before yesterday? ----No, but I wish I ____. A were B did C had D would 40. Some drivers always drive carelessly. There is some ____ danger while they are driving. A painful B potential C probable D primary 41. You have stayed at home for two days. It’s time you ____ for a walk. A go out B went out C will go out D would go out 59. A good B general C serious D useful 60. A getting B playing C taking D growing 61. A much B many C amount D number 62. A fall B decrease C refuse D rise 63. A lead B keep C make D cause 64. A increase B drop C lift D realize 65. A water B rain C stone D ice 66. A degree B level C coast D area 67. A by B to C of D with 68. A above B under C below D over 69. A little B many C few D much 70. A If B Because C When D Why 71. A sunlight B air C rain D gas 72. A cold B protect C hurt D heat 73. A enter B get C leave D reach 74. A through B by C from D on 75. A stores B arrives C stands D staysPart V Translation (20%) Section A Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in the part of Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to t he passages so as to identify meanings in the context. 76. Indian energy officials have been seeking ways to use less imported oil to provide energy. 77. Clocks operate with gears. So do cars and so does the device invented by the Indian scientists to produce electricity 78. When the issue of smoking at the workplace is discussed, perhaps the most important problem is the hea lth risk that smoking causes to both smokers and never-smokers. 79. Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad m emories. 80. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that t he memories are erased. Section B Directions: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure t o write clearly.81. 我想说的是，在奥运会上做志愿者（volunteer）对于年轻人是有意义的事。
学位英语考试真题及答案解析(一)一、词汇与语法结构A) I am looking forward to _______ with you next week.A) meet B) meeting C) meets D) to meet答案：B解析：本题考查的是动词的用法。
动词短语“look forward to”后面应该跟动名词形式，因此选项B“meeting”是正确的。
A) _______ is important to learn a foreign language.A) Practice B) Practicing C) Practices D) Practiced答案：A解析：本题考查的是主语和谓语动词的一致性。
主语“Practice”是名词，因此谓语动词应该用单数形式，选项A“Practice”是正确的。
A) _______ he said, I don't believe him.A) Although B) However C) Whatever D) No matter what答案：C解析：本题考查的是连词的用法。
根据句意，我们需要一个表示“无论他说什么”的连词，因此选项C“Whatever”是正确的。
二、阅读理解阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题。
One of the major risks of the Internet is the issue of privacy. With the amount of personal information we share online, there is a possibility that our data could be misusedor stolen. It is important for us to be cautious and take necessary measures to protect our privacy.Another challenge is the spread of misinformation. The Internet allows anyone to publish information, which meansthat not all of it is reliable or accurate. It is crucial for us to develop critical thinking skills and verify the sources of information before accepting it as true.In conclusion, while the Internet has its risks and challenges, it is an indispensable tool in our modern society. By being aware of these risks and taking necessary precautions, we can fully enjoy the benefits it offers.A) The Internet has only brought disadvantages to our lives.B) It is not important to protect our privacy online.D) The Internet has provided us with a vast amount of information.答案：D解析：根据短文一段的内容，我们可以得知选项D是正确的，因为短文提到互联网为我们提供了大量的信息。
Mock Exams for Business Administration MajorPaper APart I PronunciationDirection: Read the following words. Mark the one whose underlined part has the same pronunciation to the given one. (10 points)1. period A. request B. perseverance C. recognize D. require2. counter A. country B. south C. tough D. enough3. eyebrow A. town B. follow C. slow D. fellow4. geography A. regret B. envy C. remark D. deck5. replied A. entered B. asked C. stepped D. added6. candle A. canal B. island C. taxi D. instance7. cross A. tongue B. handsome C. fond D. wonder8. postmark A. narrow B. warm C. chance D. want9. appear A. bear B. atmosphere C. rare D. heart10.stamps A. beads B. matters C. tables D. desksPart II Multiple choice1. How long do you think __________ to finish this urgent task?A. did it take youB. it will take youC. will it take youD. it to take you2. Wealth, education and occupation vary greatly __________ members of the middle class.A. amongB. betweenC. fromD. inside3. Let‟s buy our tickets while I still have __________.A. a little money to leaveB. little money leftC. a few dollars leftD. few dollars to leave4. __________ was not the way the event happened.A. Which the press reportedB. That the press reportedC. What did the press reportD. What the press reported5. People do not like such persons who are always __________ the way of others.A. onB. byC. inD. behind6. He talks as if he __________ everything in the world.A. knowsB. knewC. had knownD. would have known7. The doctor advised that Mr. Malan __________ an operation right away so as to save his life.A. hadB. would haveC. haveD. was going to have8. He forgot about __________ him to attend my wife‟s birthday party.A. I askingB. my askingC. me to askD. mine to ask9. So little __________ about stock exchange that the lecture was completely beyond me.A. did I knowB. I had knownC. I knewD. was I known10. The boy‟s laziness __________ his failure in the exam s.A. resulted fromB. brought inC. resulted inD. led into11. Only guests of the hotel enjoy the __________ of using the private beach.A. privilegeB. possibilityC. favorD. advantage12. Tom ___________ more than twenty pounds for the dictionary.A. spentB. payC. costD. took13. The governor had to __________ all his appointments for the day and rush to the train accident.A. set offB. pay offC. see offD. call off14. One car went too fast and __________ missed hitting another car.A. completelyB. greatlyC. narrowlyD. little15. He was accused __________ stealing from the shop.A. withB. inC. ofD. atPart III Conversion of words1. (lie) No one would like to make friends with him for he has been found ______.2. (purify) It is hard to find any totally _______water because of the waste pollution.3. (boy) He was born in China, spent his ______in England, and now he is an American citizen.4. (surprised) To our _______, Mrs. White won‟t be able to join the party this weekend.5. (able) Airplanes _______people to travel great distances rapidly.Part IV ClozeBoth botany and zoology are parts of a more general field of science, biology. The two are studies of _1_ things, which share certain characteristics, whether they are plants or animals. Botany deals with plants, __2__ organisms that can manufacture their own food by the sunlight. __3__ , on the other hand, deals with animals, those organisms that cannot manufacture their own food and are thus dependent on plants for their food.Although plants share many abilities, the extent __4__ which plants can exercise some of those abilities is __5__. For example, both plants and animals need food, water, and warmth for gro wth, but plants can ___6___ to acquire those needs only by the slow extension of their leaves and roots, __7__animals can move relatively large distances in relatively little time. When an animal is hurt with a needle, the animal will __8__the part of the body being hurt. This ability to draw back from pain or irritation, called irritability, is found only to a very limited extent in plants.If plants had the same mobility and irritability as animals, animals would have a more difficult time finding food. If animals were as limited as plants, they might have evolved a __9__ of manufacturing their own food, as plants do now. The world would be a very different place than it is if the characteristics of plants and animals were__10__.1. A. alive B. living C. liveable D. lively2. A. whose B. which C. what D. those3. A. Botany B. Zoology C. Psychology D. Biology4. A. within B. beyond C. to D. at5. A. limited B. unlimited C. definite D. indefinite6. A. run B. go C. do D. move7. A. when B. while C. meanwhile D. where8. A. extent B. develop C. achieve D. withdraw9. A. mean B. means C. trick D. trap10. A. reviewed B. revised C. re-examined D. reversedPart V Reading comprehensionChoose the best answer.1Huge trucks are a familiar sight to anyone who travels across the United States by car. But the average traveler never meets a truck driver. Most people know little about the trucker‟s way of life. This way of life has certain disadvantages. The three-day periods away from home make family life difficult. Wives complain that their husbands are not at home to deal with their children‟s problems. In turn, drivers worry about their families while they are away.Another problem is that truckers‟ families can seldom plan ahead. It is hard to plan a party for a certain date or even to accept invitations. Friends often say to each other,” Come over next Saturday if your husband is back by then.”In addition, of course, there is always the danger of accidents. Although the accident rate per mile is only about half the rate for passenger cars, a life spent on major highways can never be really safe. All truck drivers fear being forced to make a sudden turn or having to stop unexpectedly on an icy road. When such accidents happen, someone other than a truck driver is usually at fault. Truckers have a low opinion of the driving skills of the general public. When truck drivers meet, much of theirconversation deals with careless driving habits-the habits of others on the road.But drivers and their wives also point to advantages in their way of life.The chief advantage is money.” How else could an uneducated man earn as much?” one trucker‟s wife asked, sitting in the comfortable living room of their new home with its large color television set and expensive furniture. Driving a truck requires little physical labor. At each end of the journey other workers load and unload the truck. For days at a time the driver‟s life consists entirely of sitting, steering, eating, and sleeping. It is not surprising that many truckers worry about gaining weight.1.Which of the following is an advantage of a trucker‟s way of life?A.The three-day periods away from home.B.Most people know little about his way of life.C.His salary.D.His job needs little physical labor2.Which of the following is true?A.When traveling across the United States by car, you can see quite a few big trucks.B.The average traveler meets not a few truck drivers.C. A trucker‟s wife has little to complain about.D. A trucker‟s wife has no difficulty in accepting an invitation to a party.3.When a trucker is involved in an accident,_________.A.it is usually the trucker himself who is to blameB.it is usually somebody else who is to blameC.it is often because he is carelessD.it is often because highways are poorly constructed4.When truckers meet, they mainly talk about________.A.their familiesB.other people‟s adventures on the roadC.their driving skillsD.others‟ careless driving habits5.The passage chiefly deals with________.A.the difference between passenger cars and trucksB.driving on major highways in the U.S.C.the relationship between truckers and their wivesthe advantages and disadvantages in the trucker‟s way of life2Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a dull environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person‟s intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if wetake two unrelated people at random(任意地)from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.Imagine now that we take two twins and put them in different environments. We might sent one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is uninteresting. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.6. A person‟s intelligence depends on_______.A. his birth onlyB. his birth as well as his environmentC. his surroundings onlyD. his special education7. Two twins are usually________.A. not the same in intelligenceB. as clever as each otherC. less intelligent than othersD. more intelligent than others8. Two persons who are not related at all, but who live in close contact with each other________.A.are completely the same in intelligenceB.are less intelligent than othersC.are likely to have similar degrees of intelligenceD.are totally different in intelligence9. Which one of the following statements is true?A. A child born with low intelligence can become a genius with the help of specia l education.B. A child living in a rich and varied environment will develop his intelligence more than one livingin a dull environment.C.Experience have nothing to do with one‟s intelligence development.D. A person born with high intelligence will certainly become a successful person.10. If two unrelated people are taken at random,_____.A.their degrees of intelligence will be quite likely completely differentB.their degrees of intelligence will be mostly about the sameC.they are likely to be the same in intelligenceD.it is likely that one works in a factory and the other is at university3If there is any single factor that makes for success in living, it is the ability to profit by defeat. Every success I know has been achieved because the person was able to ana lyze defeat and actually profit by it in his next task. Confuse defeat with failure, and you will certainly end up in failure. For it isn‟t defeat that makes you fail: it is your own refusal to see in defeat the guide and encouragement to success.Defeats are nothing to be ashamed of . They are nothing surprising in the life of every man who achieves success. But defeat is a dead loss unless you do face it with courage, analyze it and learn why you failed. Defeat, in other words, can help to cure its own cause. Not only does defeat prepare us for success, but nothing can arouse within us such a strong desire to succeed. If you let a baby grasp a rod and try to pull it away, he will hold it more and more tightly until his whole weight issuspended(悬吊). It is this same reaction which should give you new and greater strength every time you are defeated. If you make use of the power which defeat gives, you can accomplish with it far more than you are capable of.11.What does the author know?A.He knows at least several cases of success.B.He knows every success in life.C.It is not mentioned in the passage.D.He knows every success that has been achieved by man.12.The person who was able to analyze defeat is likely_____.A. to achieve successB. to be discouraged by defeatC. to be ashamed of defeatD. to confuse defeat with failure13.The author____________.A.advises you to confuse defeat with failureB.advises you to win success without defeatC.advises you not to profit by defeatD.advises you to learn from failure14.Defeat is valuable because____________.A.it makes you failB.it helps you face it with shameC.it provides the guide and encouragement to successD.it helps you realize that you are not capable enough15.What does the author advise one to do with the power which defeat gives? One should _______.A. refuse to make use of itB. explain itC. make use of itD. give it up4The original Americans, of course, were the Indians. The so-called white men who then came were mostly from England. But many came from other countries like Germany and France.One problem the United States has always had is discrimination(歧视). As new groups came to the United States they found that they were discriminated against. Fist it was the Irish and Italians. Later it was the blacks. Almost every group has been able to eventually escape this discrimination. The only immigrants who have not are the blacks. Surprisingly enough, the worst discrimination today is shown toward the Indians.One reason the Indians are discriminated against is that they have tried so hard to keep their identity(特性). Of course they are not the only ones who have done so. The Japanese have their Little Tokyo in Los Angeles and the Chinese a Chinatown in New Y ork. The Dutch settlement in Pennsylvania also stays separate from other people. Their towns are like something from the 19th century. They have a different reason from the other groups for staying apart. They live separately for religious reasons rather than keeping together in a racial group.Although some groups have kept themselves separate and others have been discriminated against, all groups have helped make the United States a great country. There is no group that has not helped in some way. And there is no group that can say they have done the most to make it a great country. 16. The main idea of the passage is that ________.A.in spite of discrimination, each racial group have contributed to the making of the United StatesB.the blacks are discriminated against in the United StatesC.the Indians are discriminated against in the United StatesD.all racial groups in the U.S. have tried hard to keep their respective identities.17.The American blacks__________.A.are most discriminated against in the U.S.B.have done the most to make the U.S. a great countryC.were the first immigrants to the U.S.D.have been discriminated against and still are18.The original Americans_________.A.came from IndiaB.came to the U.S. after these people from England, Germany and FranceC.have also helped to make the U.S. a great countryD.and the blacks are equally discriminated against19. Which of the following is NOT true?A.the Chinese have been able to eventually escape discrimination.B.Every group has been able to eventually escape discrimination.C.There is still the problem of discrimination in the U.S.D.The Irish and Italians were once discriminated against.20.Which group has done the most to make the U.S. a great country?A.The group of people from England.B.The Indians.C.The blacks.D.None of the groups mentioned in the passage.Part VI CompositionFor this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic Competition is Good or Bad. Y our composition should be based on the following outline. (120 words)1. The seriousness of competition2. The advantages of competition3. The disadvantages of competitionPaper BPart I PronunciationDirection: Read the following words. Mark the one whose underlined part has the same pronunciation to the given one. (10 points)1. irrigate A. skirt B. mirror C. circle D. firmly2. waist A. paint B. curtain C. portrait D. said3. improve A. honeydew B. object C. include D. hotel4. quiet A. field B. piece C. believe D. society5. behind A. sink B. blind C. think D. English6. latent A. squirrel B. centigrade C. level D. mend7. flood A. loose B. blood C. moon D. noon8. cookie A. frog B. oxygen C. wolf D. obvious9. mud A. music B. human C. huge D. lung10.creature A. effect B. energy C. reduce D. beliefPart II Multiple choice1. It took me a long time to __________ the disappointment of losing the match.A. get overB. get upC. get intoD. get down2. All the reference books should be made __________ to the teachers and students in our university.A. concernedB. availableC. relatedD. flexible3. He never thought the committee would __________ his proposal.A. put upB. object toC. pass onD. call on4. The company official __________ I thought would be fired received a raise.A. whomB. whoeverC. whoD. of whom5. Mr. Green __________ my letter, otherwise he would have replied before now.A. must have receivedB. must have failed to receiveC. must receiveD. must fail to receive6. We shall appreciate __________ from you soon.A. being heardB. hearingC. to hearD. having been heard7. I fell and hurt myself while I __________ tennis.A. was playingB. am playingC. playD. played8. __________ you disagree with her, her idea is still worth considering.A. Even ifB. If onlyC. Instead ofD. Despite of9. I‟d __________ you didn‟t touch that, if you don‟t mind.A. ratherB. betterC. happierD. further10. The two men were arrested for breaking into that shop have been __________ $10,000.A. committedB. drivenC. chargedD. fined11. The driver might have __________ the accident if he had had his headlights on.A. missedB. avoidedC. stoppedD. dismissed12. The people at the party were worried about Janet because no one was aware ______ she had gone.A. where thatB. of whereC. of the placeD. the place13. I __________ on the door for ten minutes now without an answerA. was knockingB. am knockingC. knockingD. have been knocking14. __________ tired after a hard work, she fell into bed and went straight to sleep.A. FeltB. FeelingC. Being feltD. To feel15. He was ________ enough to understand my questions from the gestures I made.A. intelligentB. efficientC. proficientD. difficultPart III Conversion of words. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words given in the brackets.1. (hunger) I am so _________and tired, and I have to find a restaurant and have a rest.2. (invent) What an important __________ he has made.3. (honest). She is always ______, because she is always deceiving people around her.4. (decision) He is the general manager of the company. Of course he has the right to ______ how to start the project.5. (propose) No one paid attention to his __________.Part IV ClozeThere are two factors which determine an individual‟s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born 1 . Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. 2 nomatter how good brain he has to begin with, the individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual --- the sort of environment in which he is brought 3 . If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will 4 to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is 5 . The importance of environment in determining an individual‟s intelligence can be demonstrated by the case of the identical twins, Peter and John. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in 6 foster（寄养）homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an 7 community with poor educational opportunities. John, however was educated in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. This environmental difference continued until the twins were 8 their late teens, when they were given tests to 9 their intelligence. John‟s I.Q was 125, twenty-five points higher than the 10 and fully forty points higher than his identical brother.1. A. for B. by C. with D. in2. A. But B. For C. Still D. And3. A. about B. up C. forward D. forth4. A. fail B. help C. manage D. stop5. A. able B. capable C. available D. acceptable6. A. separate B. similar C. remote D. individual7. A. omitted B. isolated C. enclosed D. occupied8. A. in B. by C. at D. for9. A. estimate B. count C. decide D. measure10. A. average B. common C. usual D. ordinaryPart V Reading Comprehension Choose the best answer.1Traveling to or from anywhere these days can be an unhealthy and discouraging experience. In most cities, air pollution has reached such proportions that we all suffer from coughs, colds and other chest problems frequently. Also our transport system has become dangerously overloaded (超載). Our roads are blocked with traffic jams, while buses, cars, taxis and motorbikes fight against each other to get through. Annoyed and tired, drivers drive badly, cause accidents and even murder one another. Besides, buses and trains are so crowded that you can hardly breathe or even stand up straight. There are simply too many people who want to move from one place to another and not sufficient space for them to do so.Town planners, however, tell us that everything will soon be different. In the future, according to them, private cars will be prohibited from town centers and be replaced by an efficient transport system in which all vehicles will be directed by a central computer and radar will take the place of human drivers. …People movers‟ --- a kind of urban cable-car (纜車) --- will carry us high in the air over towns to car parks, airports, bus stops and railway stations. Pollution will be a thing of the pastas all vehicles will have special filters and run on lead-free petrol.Doesn‟t it sound wonderful? I wonder, though, if any of us will be around to see it.1.According to the author, traveling from place to place these days ________.A.is always an unhealthy and discouraging experienceB.will never do you any goodC.is sometimes unhealthy and discouragingD.is expensive, though comfortable2.Travelling can be unpleasant because ________.A.the air in most cities is seriously pollutedB.people murder one another in most citiesC.the transport system in most cities does not work well enoughD.both A and C3. In buses and trains you can hardly even stand up straight because ________.A.the air there is pollutedB.drivers drive badlyC.the roads are often blockedD.there are too many passengers on them4.Which of the following is NOT true as to what town planners say will happen in the future?A.There will be no air pollution.B.All cars will be prohibited from town centers.C.All vehicles will be equipped with special filters.D.There will be “people-movers” as a means of transport.5.The last two sentences of the passage show the author‟s ______what town planners say will soon happen.A. doubt aboutB. confidence inC. belief inD. concern for2Bill Grant was a famous newspaper editor (編輯) in the United States. He worked for the same newspaper from 1926 to 1968. He started as a clerk but by 1948 he had become the editor. That was the position he held until he retired.Bill wrote his first story for the paper the day the New Y ork Stock (股票) Market crashed in 1929. Two of the paper‟s reporters were thirty miles from town checking on an airplane crash. The other one was in San Francisco investigation Chinatown.When the first news of the stock market came into the office Bill immediately sat down and wrote up the story. The editor liked it so much that he used the story. And he didn‟t make any changes in it. After that the editor decided Bill should be a reporter. He felt he was not using his real ability working as a clerk.After this first story Bill became especially interested in financial news. But he wrote stories on just about everything. In 1945 he spent five months in Europe. His editor had decided he shouldwrite about the end of World War II. His paper was the smallest one with a writer in Europe.One of Bill‟s greatest moments came in 1946. A story he had written on war won the National Newspaperman‟s Award. Bill tool the prize but he gave all the credit (荣誉) to his editor.Bill had a heart attack in 1957. He recovered fully but in 1961 he began suffering from a new disease. It lasted for the rest of his life. He overcame many emotional sufferings as well, including the death of his oldest daughter in a car accident.It was just before Christmas in 1967 that he learned he had cancer. Six months later he died. But he had never stopped his work as an editor. The day before he died he had spent a full day at the office.6. Bill Grant_______.A.was a newspaper editor from 1926 to 1968B.wrote his first story about the New Y ork Stock Market crash in 1929 and soon after that hebecame the editor of the newspaperC.had a heart attack in 1957 and recovered fully later onD.wrote stories on nothing but financial matters.7. We can deduce from the passage that when Bill was writing the story about the New Y ork Stock Market crash there were ________ reporters on the newspaper.A.twoB.threeC.fourD.more than four8. Which of the following is NOT true?A.Bill Grant started his work for the newspaper as a clerk.B.Bill Grant overcame his physical sufferings but not his emotional sufferings when he wasgetting on in years.C.In 1961 Bill began suffering from a new disease, but we are not told what the disease was.D.Bill Grant spent most of his lifetime in the United States.9. Which of the following is NOT a logical conclusion?A. Bill stayed in Europe for five months in 1945 and therefore the editor decided that he shouldwrite about the end of World War II.B. Bill‟s first story was free from errors.C. Bill had at least two children.D. When Bill won the National Newspaperman‟s Award, he was grateful to his editor.10. Bill Grant died of ________.A. a disease unknown to anybodyB.heart trouble in 1968C.cancer by the end of 1968D.cancer in mid 19683Economics is important because it provides a method to help make clear a wide range of problems affecting human welfare. It has traditionally been thought that economics is concerned with such broad topics as wealth and income, the production and distribution of goods, money and banking, the。
中央广播电视大学2007-2008学年度第二学期‘开放本科’期末考试英语2(1试题第一部分交际用语(共计10分,每小题2分1-5小题:阅读下面的小对话,从A B C D 四个选项中选出一个填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上写出所选的字母符号。
1.—How`s the movie? Interesting?—_______________.C.Far from.. I should have stayed home watching TV2. —May I know your address?—_______________.A.Sure, Here you are3. —Well , Mary , how are you?—_______________.C. I’m fine4. —Hello , may I talk to the headmaster now?—________________.A. Sorry , he is busy at the moment5. —Is this the motel you mentioned?—______________.B. Yes, it’s as quiet as we expected第二部分词汇与结构(20 分,每小题2分6—15小题:阅读》》6. You____ to lock the door at night.B. ought7. Let me ___________ the case carefully before I draw a conclusion.B. look into8. You must explain _________ how they succeeded ___________ the experiment.C. to us, in9. He is the man ________ dog bit me.D. whose10. Everything ________ if Albert hadn’t called the fire brigade.D. would have been11. Ibroke my leg when I _____ skiing in America.B. was12. At present , the most important thing is that Britain needs _____ more to improve therelationship with the USA.A. to do13. I have lived here ________ 1997.B. since14. She was convicted ________ murder.C. of15. All the team members tried their best. We lost the game,________.A. however第三部分完形填空There are advantages and disadvantages to __16___Asian and Western…………….The advantage to the education in North America,_______the otherhand,is………….._______many basic rules and facts as students in othercountries_______.16. C. both 17. B. to 18. C. than 19. D. do 20. C. prepares21 B. yet 22. C. on 23. C. new 24. D. as 25. A. have第四部分阅读理解26—35短文理解1Some people think they have an answer to the troubles of automobile crowding and dirty air in large cities .Their answer is the bicycle,or bike.………………………But Bike for a Berrer City says that this is not enough and keeps fighting to get bicycle lanes downtown.26. According to the passage, bicycles______.D.are the solution to some city problems27. The idea of secial bicycle lanes is most favored by ______.B. some bike riders28. Bicycle lanes” in the third paragraph probly means________.C. special parts of the road for bicycle riders only29. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?D. In New York City, many people use bikes as they have special lanes.30. The best title for this passage is _________.D. Solution to Traffic Problem in New York短文理解2Who will stage the games?Preparing for the Olympics Gams is a huge undertaking. ……Toronto and Istanbul.Why does it take so long to prepare?Building the infrastructure costs huge amounts of money…….more attractive for tourists. Why do countries want to host the Olympic Games?Hosting the games has a major effect on the ………..host cities are permanenthl improved.31. Bidding for the Olympic Games usually starts_______before the games are really held.D. ten years32. Beijing was one of the _______bidders for 2008 games.B. five33. The World Cup 2002 was held in_____.D. A and B34. What construction projects did Beijing start after winning the bid?D. All of the above.35. Why do countries want to host the Olympic Games?D. All of the above.36. A color-blind person can tell red and green apart correctlyF37. Many color-blind people are unware(没意识到that they are color-blind.T38. Is’s especially dangerous for a color-blind person to cross a street when there are no trafficlights at the cross of the streets.F39. A color-blind person is not allowed t drive.NG40. Up to now , doctors have found a way to free a prson from his color blindness.F第五部分书面表达Diretions: For this part ,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter to a new friend, telling him/her about your ambitions and dreams. You should write at least 80 words and base your letter on the Chinese outline below:1.童年的梦想2.目前的情况3.对未来的希望Dear Jennifer,Thank you for telling me about yourself. I’d like to let you know more about me too.As a child , I wanted to be a detective. I thought a detective was really great because he could solve criminal cases to do justice. B ut my dream never came true. I’m now a librarian, dealing with books every day. The work is nothing thrilling , but I like it. Since there are more and more electronic materials , I hope that we will have an e-library built soon.Looking forward to hearing from you again.Best wishes,lan。
2008Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension（30 minutes 30%）Directions: In this part there are four reading passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are required to decide to decide on choice that best answers the question or completes the statement.Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage.Very high waves are destructive when they strike the land. Fortunately, this seldom happens. One reason is that out at sea, waves moving in one direction almost always run into waves moving in a different direction. The two sets of waves tend to cancel each other out. Another reason is that water is shallower near the shore. As a wave gets closer to land, the shallow bottom helps reduce its strength.But the power of waves striking the shore can still be very great. During a winter gale, waves sometimes strike the shore with the force of 6,000 pounds for each square foot. That means a wave, 25 feet high and 500 feet along its face, may strike the shore with a force of 75 million pounds.(91) Yet the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea. During the most raging storms, the water a hundred fathoms (600 feet) beneath the surface is just as calm as on a day without a breath of wind.21. According to the passage, destruction caused by high waves occurs .A. regularlyB. rarelyC. alwaysD. predictably22. It is implied that out at sea, when waves going in opposite directions meet, their force .A. cause great damageB. extends to the ocean floorC. is liable to lessenD. increases rapidly23. Coastal depth .A. is the only factor influencing the strength of high wavesB. has enormous influence on the force of high wavesC. has on influence pm the strength of very high wavesD. is irrelevant to the power of high waves24. It can be inferred from Para. 2 that the power of high waves striking the shore is .A. constantB. equalizedC. variableD. perpetual25. It is impossible for the high waves .A. to bring about most raging stormsB. to have an effect on the sea bottomC. to affect the surface of the seaD. to cause damage to the landQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passageIf it were only necessary to decide whether teach elementary science to everyone on a mass basis or to find the rifled few and take them as far as they can go, our task would be fairly simple. The public school system, however, has no such choice, for the job must be carried on at the sametime. Because we depend so heavily upon science and technology for our progress, we must produce specialists in many fields. (92) Because we live in a democratic nation, whose citizens make policies for the nation, large numbers of us must be educated to understand, to support, and when necessary, to judge the work of experts. The public school must educate both producers and users of scientific services.In education, there should be a good balance among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgment. Such balance is defeated by too much emphasis on any one field. The question of balance involves not only the relation of the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the arts but also relative emphases among the natural sciences themselves.Similarly, we must have a balance between current and classical knowledge. The attention of the public is continually drawn to new possibilities in scientific fields and the discovery of new knowledge; these should not be allowed to turn our attention away from the sound, established materials that form the basis of courses for beginners.26. It is indicated in Para. 1 that the task of education is fairly complicated because .A. the current public school system is too complicated to be understoodB. the public school system has no choice of what to teachC. it is difficult to decide whether elementary science should be taught in public schoolD. the educators have to take care of both ordinary and gifted students27. The word“defeated”(Para. 2) most probably means .A. brokenB. beatenC. lostD. smashed28. Which of the following statements is NOT included in the passage?A. One of the major tasks of education is to discover the most promising students.B. In order to teach effectively, educators are requested to lay emphasis on one particular field.C. Some subjects have been over-emphasized in public schools.D. The progress of the society cannot merely rely on inventors.29. It can be inferred from the passage that .A. students should learn more up-to-date knowledgeB. lack of scientific knowledge will lead to poor relations between producers and users of scientific servicesC. students are getting to know the importance of good balance among the branches of knowledgeD. sufficient attention should be given to basic knowledge30. The best title for this passage might be .A. Balance in EducationB. Education System in Public SchoolC. Current Situation in EducationD. Importance of Teaching Science and TechnologyQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.In primitive societies sick people had to rely on medicine men and witch doctors (Some people still rely on them). (93) It was believed that a person was sick because he had been attacked by evil spirits. The witch doctor’s job was to drive off these spirits.His technique involved a combination of three methods, the first of which was religious. He chanted magic words and used good luck charms which he thought had power over the evil spirits that supposedly had entered the victim’s body. Secondly, he deliberately fed the patient mixtures, which were often filthy and disgusting, to make the evil spirits so uncomfortable that would gladly run away and so enable the patient to get well.(94) The third method was to give the patient medicines prepared from certain plants and herbs that were similar in shape or texture to the various organs of the body. From our point of view, this was the only method that had any value. Modern scientific study has shown that some of these remedies had real usefulness in curing sickness, or at least in relieving pain, but not for the reasons advanced by the witch doctor.31. The word“filthy”(Para. 2) most probably meansA. deliciousB. effective D. primitive32. Disgusting mixtures were fed to the patient .A. to make them uncomfortableB. to cause the spirits discomfortC. because evil spirits liked themD. because they had medical value33. According to the passage, the witch doctors .A. functioned in curing some diseasesB. did nothing but harmed human’s healthC. firmly believed in religionsD. were proficient in medicine34. When primitive people were cured, it was actually a result of .A. the witch doctor’s prayersB. the departure of evil spirits from the bodyC. reasons unknown to the witch doctorD. the great skill of witch doctor35. Scientifically speaking, it might be somewhat effective in curing sickness for witchB. to chant magic wordsC. to feed the sick people mixturesD. to give the patient medicines prepared from certain plants and herbsQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for the second longer, and you have made a different statement. Hold it for three seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every social situation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a person’s gaze without being intimate, rude or aggressive. If you are on an elevator, what gaze-tine are you permitted? To answer this question, consider what you typically do. You very likely give other. (95) Since being close to another person signals the possibility of interaction, you need to emit a signal telling others you want to be left alone. So you cut off eye contact, what sociologist Erving Goffman calls“a dimming of the lights”you lookdown at the floor, at the indicator lights, anywhere but into another passenger’s eyes. Should you break the rule against staring at a stranger on an elevator, you will make the other person exceedingly uncomfortable, and you are likely to feel a bit strange yourself.If you hold eye contact for more than three seconds, what are you telling another person? Much depends on the person and situation. For instance, a man and woman communicate interest in this matter. They typically gaze at each other for about three seconds at a time, then drop their eyes down for three seconds, before letting their eyes meet again. But if one man gives another man a 3-second-plus stare, he signals “I know you,”“I am interested in you,”or “you look peculiar and I am curious about you. ”This type of state often produces hostile hostile feelings.36. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that .A. every glance has its significanceB. staring at a person is an expression of interestC. a gaze longer than three seconds is unacceptableD. a glance conveys more meaning than words37. If a person wants to be left alone an elevator, the best thing to do is .A. to look into another passenger’s eyesB. to avoid eye contact with other passengersC. to signal that he is not a threat to themD. to keep a certain distance from other passengers38. The phrase“a dimming of the lights”most probably means .A. closing one’s eyesB. turning off the lightsC. ceasing to glance at othersD. reducing gaze-time to the minimumA. depressedB. uneasy D. amazed40. The passage is mainly about .A. the limitation of eye contactsB. the exchange of ideas through eye contactsC. proper behavior in different situationD the rule of eye contact in interpersonal communicationPart ⅢCloze (15 minutes 10%)Directions: In this part there is a passage with 20 blanks in it. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are required to choose the one that best fills into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Unavoidably, global climate is to change. “No matter 41 well the world controls emissions of greenhouse gases, global climate change is 42 ”, warn two new studies which take into 43 the oceans’ slow response 44 warming.45 greenhouse gases never rise beyond their present level, temperatures and sea levels sill continue 46 for another century or more because of a time 47 in the oceans’response to atmospheric temperatures, say researchers.This time lag means policymakers cannot afford to wait to tackle climate change 48 insconsequences become painful, because 49 then they will already be committed 50 further change, they argue. “The feeling is if things are getting bad, you 51 the stop button. But even if you 52 , the climate continues to change, ”says Gerald Meehl, a climatologist.But even an optimistic scenario predicts that 53 temperatures would continue to rise 54 between 0.4℃over the next century. That increase is 55 to the increase in the 20th century.And because water expands as it 56 , this time lag in temperature will continue to push sea level 57 . Meehl’s models predict that thermal expansion alone would make sea levels rise by about 11 centimeters over the next century, even of greenhouse gases were held 58 2,000 levels. The real rise would almost certainly be more, he says, because his models do not include the effect of 59 of glaciers and icecaps, which will be 60 rapid in a warmer world.41. A. how B. what C. where D. which42. A. evitable B. credible C. incredible D. inevitable43. A. counter B. count C. account D. accountant44. A. in B. to C. for D. with45. A. Even if B. Even C. Unless D. Although46. A. lifting B. rising C. raising D. descending47. A. log B. leg C. lag D. lab48. A. while B. when C. until D. after49. A. at B. in C. on D. by50. A. to B. up C. in D. for51. A. hit B. beat C. get D. put52. A. did B. does C. done D. do53. A. local B. global C. regional D. national54. A. by B. for C. in D. for55. A. comparison B. compared C. comparable D. comparing56. A. warming B. warm C. warms D. warmed57. A. bigger B. higher C. father D. lower58. A. at B. for C. in D. on59. A. melted B. melts C. to melt D. melting60. A. less B. more C. most D. leastPart ⅣV ocabulary and Structure (15 minutes 15%)Section A (10)Directions: In this section there are 20 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. you are required to choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single lime through the correct.61. I’d like to five hundred dollars to my current account.A. alterB. methodC. changeD. transferto the farmhouse is across the fields.B. methodC. stepD. means63. The corridor was dark and I my head against the wall.A. BroughtB. damagedC. bumpedD. struck64. The mountain climber had a escape from death.A. shortB. scarceC. closeD. narrow65. you are here, I can leave.A. So thatB. Such thatC. Now thatD. In order to66. Mr. Jones said he wasA. going over C. holding on D. laying out67. It is very kind of you to me at the airport.A. see; offB. put; offC. keep; offD. turn; off68. Where did you your Russian?A. pick outB. pick upC. pick overD. pick on69. To his great , his son again failed to pass the examination.A. importanceB. promotionC. excitementD. disappointment70. I’m very busy, and I can’t three days away from work.A. payB. standC. offerD. affordthe key on the table.B. forgotC. lostD. missed72. Mary, are you to take part in the game?A. supposedB. disposedC. exposedD. proposedA. beginning C. start D. first74. There was nobody in when we came round the corner.A. sightB. glimpseC. glanceD. view75. Susie’A. common C. normal D. ordinary76. A lot of people looked on him an authority.A. likeB. forC. asD. to77. I’d like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and in a quiet environment.A. for allB. first at allC. after allD. first of all78. The journalist claimed that the information came from a source.A. confidentB. dependentC. believedD. reliable79. We were completely when we finally reached the destination.A. worn offB. worn onC. worn outD. worn away80. The doctor said, “If you take this medicine twice a day, it should your cold.”A. restoreB. cureC. treatD. recoverSection B (5%)Directions: Complete the following sentences with appropriate words or expressions or with thevoice.83. I’84. It would be a86. Herecently. (widen)Part ⅤTranslation (15 minutes 10%)Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate in to Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the reading passages you have just read in Part Ⅱ. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meaning in the context. You should write your answer on the Answer Sheet.91. Yet the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea.然而，不管水波多大多猛烈，只对海面造成影响。
2008年11月北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统考(A卷)题2008-11-22Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Scientists in India have invented a new way to produce electricity. Their invention does not get its power from oil, coal or other fuels. It produces electricity with the power of animals. India has about eighty million bullocks. They do all kinds of jobs. They work in the fields. They pull vehicles through the streets. They carry water containers. (76)Indian energy officials have been seeking ways to use less imported oil to provide energy. Scientists at the National Institute for Industrial Engineering in Bombay wondered whether the millions of bullocks could help. Many villages in India lack electricity, but they have many bullocks. And often the animals are not working. One job done by bullocks is to pump water out of the well. The animals do this by walking around and around in a circle. As they walk, they turn a heavy stick that makes the pump move. This simple technology is centuries old. Scientists thought that the same technology could be used to produce electricity. Bullocks walk in a circle only two or three times a minute. This is much too slow to produce electricity, but it can create enough power to turn a series of gears. A large gear sits next to a smaller gear. As the large gear turns, it causes the smaller gear to turn. That gear turns an even smaller one. Each gear moves faster because it is a little smaller. The smallest gear may turn extremely fast. (77)Clocks operate with gears. So do cars and so does the device invented by the Indian scientists to produce electricity.According to the officials in the United Nations, the idea is being tested at several places in India. The device is easy to operate and repair. And it can be moved easily. It costs about three hundred and seven dollars now to make such a device, but production of large numbers of them could cut the cost of each to about two hundred dollars.1. Who first thought of using bullocks to provide energy?A Indian energy officialsB Scientists in IndiaC Officials in the United NationsD Researchers in Europe.2. Which kind of job that the bullocks do is NOT mentioned in the passage?A Pulling vehiclesB Plowing fieldsC Pumping water out if wellsD Carrying food baskets.3. Why are bullocks used to provide energy in India?A Because bullocks have long been used by Indian peopleB Because bullocks walk slowly and are easy to controlC Because there are few non-working bullocks in IndiaD Because there is not enough oil in India4. In the sentence “This simple technology is centuries old” in Paragraph One, “This simple te chnology” refers to _____. A using bullocks to produce energyB using pumps to draw water outC having bullocks walk around to make the pump moveD connecting gears of different sizes to produce electricity.5. Which of the following is true about the device mentioned in the passage?A It has a large gear and a smaller gear.B It’s easy to use, but difficult to move.C It’s quite cheap.D It’s still being tested.Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:On-the-job smoking is a hot issue for both smokers and non-smokers, and many managers now see smoking as a productivity problem. Although some people question whether smoking really affects one’s productivity, it has, in fact, been proven that a smoker costs a com pany more than a non-smoker. According to Professor William Weis, a smoking employee costs his or her employer about $ 5,700 more a year than a never-smoker. These costs include medical care, lost earnings and insurance. And absence due to smoking breaks is one of the productivity problems, yet it accounts for a great deal of employer costs.(78) When the issue of smoking at the workplace is discussed, perhaps the most important problem is the health risk that smoking causes to both smokers and never-smokers. It has long been proven that smoking is linked to lung cancer. Now many health experts warn that passive smoking can cause lung cancer and other illnesses in healthy never-smokers. Passive smoking can be defined as exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke in enclosed areas. Anyone who has been with smokers indeed knows that their smoke can cause eye irritation, coughing, headaches and throat soreness. While eye irritation may seem a small thing to some smokers, it nevertheless is a problem that occurs every workday in offices and break-rooms and can lead to greater health problems. Employees who do not smoke should not be subjected to the risks of passive smokingand need to be able to work in a safe environment. Surgeon General Koop states that the right of the smoker stops at the point where his or her smoking increases the disease risk of those occupying the same environment.6. All the following cases are on-the-job smoking except that____.A an employer smokes while working in the officeB a taxi driver smokes while driving the carC a worker smokes while working in the workshopD a worker smokes while reading in the train7. According to the passage, on-the-job smoking affects an employee’s performance in the office in that_____.A he can concentrate on what he is doing while smokingB he often goes away from his desk to smoke in the break-roomC he often asks for sick leave as a result of too much smokingD he takes a rest from time to time because of eye irritation8. Many managers do not seem to be in favor of on-the-job smoking mainly because it ____.A reduces productivity of the company to a certain degreeB does harm to the health of never-smokers of the companyC affects the relationship between smokers and non-smokersD makes the break-rooms more crowded and more polluted9. Passive smoking means____A never-smokers take up the habit of smoking unwillinglyB never-smokers have to put up with the active smokersC never-smokers take in smoke released by a lit cigaretteD never-smokers share an enclosed area with smokers10. In the second part of the passage, the author suggests banning on-the-job smoking so as to____.A cut down costs of medical care and insuranceB create a healthy and safe working environmentC prevent eye irritation from becoming a big health problemD improve the smoking employees’ work efficiencyPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passageNot all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares(噩梦).(79)Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase(抹去), the effect of painful memories.In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. (80) So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers’ troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.“Some memories can ruin people’s lives. They come back to you when you don’t want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions.” said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard MedicalSchool. “This could relieve a lot of that suffering.”But those who are against the research say that it is very dangerous to change memories because memories give us our identity. They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.“All of us can think of bad events in our lived th at were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I’m not sure we want to wipe those memories out,” said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.11. The passage is mainly about _____.A a new medical inventionB a new research on memoriesC a way of erasing painful memoriesD an argument about the research on the pill12. The drug tested on people can ____.A cause the brain to fix memoriesB stop people remembering their experiencesC prevent body producing certain chemicalsD wipe out the emotional effects of memories13. We can infer from the passage that_____.A people doubt the effects of the pillsB the pill will stop people’s bad experiencesC taking the pill will do harm to people’s healthD the pill has probably been produced in America14. Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with?A Some memories can ruin people’s lives.B People want to get rid of bad memories.C Experiencing bad events makes us different from others.D The pill will reduce peo ple’s sufferings from bad memories.15. The word “scars” in Paragraph One is close in meaning to ____.A good storiesB painsC experiencesD memoriesPart II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. Don’t be too ___ about things you are not supposed to know.A strangeB amusingC curiousD conscious17. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A whereB whichC whileD why18. In order to change attitudes ___ employing women, the government is bringing in new laws.A aboutB ofC towardsD on19. The fact came up ____ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.A whatB whichC thatD whose20. It is generally believed that teaching is ____ it is a science.A an art much asB much an art asC as an art much asD as much an art as21. _____, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.A However the story is amusingB No matter amusing the story isC However amusing the story isD No matter how the story is amusing22. For the sake of her daughter’s health, she decided to move to a warm____.A weatherB temperatureC seasonD climate23. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may get ____ by a car.A run outB run overC run awayD run after24. ___, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.A Strangely enoughB Enough strangelyC Strange enoughD Enough strange25. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ____ whether they will enjoy it.A to seeB to be seenC seeingD seen26. ----You seem to show interest in cooking.-----What? ____, I’m getting tired of it.A On the contraryB To the contraryC On the other handD To the other hand27. These wild flowers are so special that I would do ____ I can to save them.A whateverB thatC whichD whichever28. Time will____ whether I made the right choice or not.A seeB sayC tellD know29. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ____ the girl and took her away, ____ into the woods.A seizing; disappearedB seized; disappearedC seizing; disappearingD seized; disappearing30. It suddenly ____ me how we could improve the situation.A occurredB fearedC shookD struck31. Was it because he was ill ____ he asked for leave?A soB whenC whyD that32. John likes Chinese food, but he ____ eating with chopsticks.A is used toB used toC isn’t used toD didn’t used to33. FujianProvince lies ____ the east of China and Taiwan is ____ the east of Fujian.A in; inB to; inC to; toD in; to34. For John this was the beginning of a new life, _____he thought he would never see,A whatB thatC oneD it35. We stayed for the night at the foot of the mountain and ____ to climb it the next morning.A set aboutB set offC set upD set out36. We should do as much ad we can ____ our country better and more beautiful.A makeB to makeC makesD making37. “To put of something” means “to _____”.A look for itB put it in placeC postpone itD cancel it38. _____, he’ll make a first-class tennis player,A Giving timeB To give timeC Given timeD Being given time39. ----Did you see her off the day before yesterday?----No, but I wish I ____.A wereB didC hadD would40. Some drivers always drive carelessly. There is some ____ danger while they are driving.A painfulB potentialC probableD primary41. You have stayed at home for two days. It’s time you ____ for a walk.A go outB went outC will go outD would go out42. Can you ____ the three mistakes in this paragraph?A turn outB bring outC call outD pick out43. This is much ____ to the one I bought last week.A worseB lowerC inferiorD equal44. _____ their country has plenty of oil, ours has none.A WhileB WhereC WhenD Unless45. There at the door stood a girl about the same height ____.A as meB as mineC with mineD with mePart III Identification (10%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.46. The reporter was very pleased when the chairman allowed him to ask few questions.A B C D47. He tried to learn Greek but soon got tired of it and gave up it.A B C D48. With the sun setting, we stopped working, putting away our tools and were going to goA B C Dhome.49. Polite manners in China demand that a person stands up when anyone enters a room orA B Cwhen anyone hands him something.D50. This is the sportsman whom everyone says will win the gold medal at the WinterA B C DOlympic Games.51. I heard that you really had a wonderful time at John’s birthday party, hadn’t you?A B C D52. E-mail as well as mobile telephones are becoming more and more popular in dailyA B C Dcommunication.53. They are going to have the servicemen installed an electric fan in the office tomorrow.A B C D54. Two woman teachers and four girl students were praised at the meeting yesterday.A B C D55. Lesson Three is the most difficult lesson, but it isn’t the most difficult lesson in BookA B C DFour.Part IV Cloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Scientists say that something very serious is happening to the earth. It will begin to get__56__ in the following years. There will be major changes in ___57__ in the new century. Coastal waters will have a __58__ temperature. This will have a __59__ effect on agriculture. In northern areas, the __60__ season will be ten days longer by the year 2010. However, in warmerareas, it will be too dry. The __61__ of water could __62__ by eighty percent. This would __63__ a large decrease in agriculture production.World temperature could __64__ two degrees centigrade by the year 2040. However, the increase could be three times as great in the Artic and Antarctic area. This could cause the __65__ sheets to melt and raise the __66__ of the oceans __67__ one to two meters. Many coastal cities would be __68__ water.Why is this happening? There is too __69__ carbon dioxide in the air. __70__ oil, gas and coal burn, they create large amounts of carbon dioxide. This carbon dioxide lets __71__ enter the earth’s atmosphere and __72__ the earth. However, it doesn’t let as much heat __73__ the atmosphere and enter space. It’s like a blanket. The heat __74__ the sun can pass through the blanket to warm the earth. Th e heat __75__ there and can’t escape through the blanket again.Scientists call this the green-house effect.56. A warmer B colder C better D worse57. A land B agriculture C climate D weather58. A lower B higher C normal D proper59. A good B general C serious D useful60. A getting B playing C taking D growing61. A much B many C amount D number62. A fall B decrease C refuse D rise63. A lead B keep C make D cause64. A increase B drop C lift D realize65. A water B rain C stone D ice66. A degree B level C coast D area67. A by B to C of D with68. A above B under C below D over69. A little B many C few D much70. A If B Because C When D Why71. A sunlight B air C rain D gas72. A cold B protect C hurt D heat73. A enter B get C leave D reach74. A through B by C from D on75. A stores B arrives C stands D staysPart V Translation (20%)Section ADirections: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in the part of Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify meanings in the context.76. Indian energy officials have been seeking ways to use less imported oil to provide energy.77. Clocks operate with gears. So do cars and so does the device invented by the Indian scientists to produce electricity78. When the issue of smoking at the workplace is discussed, perhaps the most important problem is the health risk that smoking causes to both smokers and never-smokers.79. Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories.80. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.Section BDirections: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.81. 我想说的是，在奥运会上做志愿者（volunteer）对于年轻人是有意义的事。
中央广播电视大学2008--2009学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试英语Ⅱ(1) 试题注意事项一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。
考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。
试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。
二、仔细阅读题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。
答案一定要写在答题纸指定的位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。
三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。
第一部分交际用语(共计l0分。
每小题2分)1—5小题：阅读下面的小对话。
从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
并在答题纸上写出所选的字母符号。
‘1．一Nice weather，isn’t it?A．I’m not sure ’ B．Yes，it isC．Yes，it isn’t2．May I know your address?—一A．Sure．Here you are B．I have no ideaC．Sorry，I’ve forgotten3．一Could you tell me where Mr．Lake is?—一A．From England B．At the officeC．He’S working4．一In my opinion，you’d better take a couple of days off．—一A．I’m afraid SO B．Let me seeC．I’Il take your advice5．一What would you like，tea or coffee?—一A．Yes。
1 would B．Coffee，pleaseC．It’S very nice第二部分词汇与结构(共计20分，每小题2分)6—15小题：阅读下面的句子。
从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
并在答题纸上写出所选的字母符号。
6．——he said is quite right．A．That B．What C．Why7．The next train to Beijin9——here at 3’O clock．A．is due B．is due to C．is due for8．The’road built last year．A．has been B．wasC．is being9．I，m leaving for New York——three day’s time．A．一 B．atC．in10．Let me the case carefully before I draw a conclusion．A．look up B．took into C．look after11．We have our office——every day by a cleaner．A．clean B．to clean C．cleaned12．Don’t worry．There is——room for all your books here．A．more B．much C some13．You——————to exercise moreA．ought B．should C．must14．Given the high price，——it’s not surprising they didn’t buy it·A．and B．but C．一15．She likes to spend time————————with her grandchildren．A．play B．to play C．playing第三部分完形填空(共计20分，每题2分)16—25小题：阅读下面的短文。
Part III Identification (10%) Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 46. The reporter was very pleased when the chairman allowed him to ask few questions. A B C D 47. He tried to learn Greek but soon got tired of it and gave up it. A B C D 48. With the sun setting, we stopped working, putting away our tools and were going to go home. A B C D 49. Polite manners in China demand that a person stands up when anyone enters a room or when A B C anyone hands him something. D 50. This is the sportsman whom everyone says will win the gold medal at the Winter Olympic Games. A B C D 51. I heard that you really had a wonderful time at John’s birthday party, hadn’t you? A B C D 52. E-mail as well as mobile telephones are becoming more and more popular in daily communication. A B C D 53. They are going to have the servicemen installed an electric fan in the office tomorrow. A B C D 54. Two woman teachers and four girl students were praised at the meeting yesterday. A B C D 55. Lesson Three is the most difficult lesson, but it isn’t the most difficult lesson in Book Four. A B C D Part III Identification (10%) Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 46. The reporter was very pleased when the chairman allowed him to ask few questions. A B C D 47. He tried to learn Greek but soon got tired of it and gave up it. A B C D 48. With the sun setting, we stopped working, putting away our tools and were going to go home. A B C D 49. Polite manners in China demand that a person stands up when anyone enters a room or when A B C anyone hands him something. D 50. This is the sportsman whom everyone says will win the gold medal at the Winter Olympic Games. A B C D 51. I heard that you really had a wonderful time at John’s birthday party, hadn’t you? A B C D 52. E-mail as well as mobile telephones are becoming more and more popular in daily communication. A B C D 53. They are going to have the servicemen installed an electric fan in the office tomorrow. A B C D 54. Two woman teachers and four girl students were praised at the meeting yesterday. A B C D 55. Lesson Three is the most difficult lesson, but it isn’t the most difficult lesson in Book Four. A B C D Part III Identification (10%) Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 46. The reporter was very pleased when the chairman allowed him to ask few questions. A B C D 47. He tried to learn Greek but soon got tired of it and gave up it. A B C D 48. With the sun setting, we stopped working, putting away our tools and were going to go home. A B C D 49. Polite manners in China demand that a person stands up when anyone enters a room or when A B C anyone hands him something. D 50. This is the sportsman whom everyone says will win the gold medal at the Winter Olympic Games. A B C D 51. I heard that you really had a wonderful time at John’s birthday party, hadn’t you? A B C D 52. E-mail as well as mobile telephones are becoming more and more popular in daily communication. A B C D 53. They are going to have the servicemen installed an electric fan in the office tomorrow. A B C D 54. Two woman teachers and four girl students were praised at the meeting yesterday. A B C D 55. Lesson Three is the most difficult lesson, but it isn’t the most difficult lesson in Book Four. A B C D。
中央广播电视大学2008-2009学年度第二学期学位考试英语专业（商务）学位英语试题I. 词汇与结构（20%）1. There is no water in the bottle, _____ there?A. isn’tB. isC. hasn’tD. has2. We tried to settle the problem with them as soon as possible, but they seemed to _____ sincerity.A. lack ofB. be lack ofC. lack inD. be lacking in3. It has been 3 years ______ I last met him.A. soB. forC. asD. since4. Changchun, ______ capital of Jilin Province, is as important ______ industrial center as Shenyang.A. /, anB. the, aC. the, theD. /, the5. That _____ the case, we have to make some changes in our plan.A. isB. wasC. beingD. has been6. We won’t encourage him to do that _____ he is in good health.A. despiteB. in caseC. even thoughD. when7. The Great Wall is the place _____ almost all tourists would like to visit when they come to Beijing.A. whereB. of whichC. in whichD. which8. _____ their terms, we would go bankrupt.A. If we acceptB. If we should acceptC. If we acceptedD. If we are to accept9. –Why don’t you take _____ to read on the train?--Can you lend me _____ interesting?A. anything, anythingB. anything, somethingC. something, somethingD. some, anything10. The factory has turned out _____.A. twice as much TV sets this year as last yearB. twice TV sets this year than last yearC. twice as many TV sets this year as it has last yearD. twice as many TV sets this year as it did last year11. The earth might look like a perfect sphere, but careful measurements _____.A. show that it is notB. show that it isC. that show it is notD. show it that is not12. Nebraska is a state of the U.S. whose name comes from an Indian word _____ “river in the flatness”.A. meansB. the meaning ofC. meaningD. is meant13. Claudius Ptolemy, _____ of the first century A.D., left a good description of the geocentric theory.A. he was an astronomer and a philosopherB. being an astronomer and a philosopherC. who was an astronomer and a philosopherD. was an astronomer and a philosopher14. Near the White House is another famous landmark _____ the Washington Monument.A. is whichB. which callC. calledD. it is called15. _____ coming of the Space Age, a new dimension has been added to the study of the planets.A. WhileB. It is theC. When theD. With the16. It is useful to science _____ the earth as an object in space.A. to considerB. which considersC. considersD. the consideration of17. For many children, nothing seems to exciting ______ their first airplane ride.A. so doesB. asC. onD. is18. _____ our records, you have been in prison six times.A. It is according toB. That it is accordingC. While according toD. According to19. _____, Nathan Hale was a young school teacher living in Connecticut.A. When the American Revolution beganB. The American Revolution beganC. It was when the American Revolution beganD. The beginning of the American Revolution20. Some bees make the characteristic monotonous noise known as buzzing _____.A. but their wings are vibrated rapidlyB. the vibration of their wings is rapidC. by vibrating their wings rapidlyD. and their wings rapidly vibrating21. I have devoted four weekends to writing papers and now I feel I ____ as a rest.A. deserveB. preserveC. conceiveD. receive22. The ball _____ two or three times before rolling down the slope.A. swayedB. bouncedC. hoppedD. darted23. A window in the kitchen was _____; there was rubbish everywhere, and the curtains and carpets had been stolen.A. scatteredB. scrapedC. scratchedD. smashed24. While nuclear weapons present grave _____ dangers, the predominant crisis of overpopulation is with us today.A. inevitableB. constantC. overwhelmingD. potential25. The fact that they reacted so differently was a reflection of their different _____.A. performancesB. personalitiesC. qualitiesD. appearances26. We should be able to do the job for you quickly, _____ you give us all the necessary information.A. in caseB. provided thatC. or elseD. as if27. Over the past 10 years, natural gas production has remained steady, but _____ has risen steadily.A. dissipationB. disposal c. consumption D. expenditure28. We don’t _____ any difficulties in completing the project so long as we keep within budget.A. foreseeB. fabricateC. inferD. inhabit29. This problem _____ all of us.A. concernsB. statesC. proclaimsD. relates30. Every society has its own peculiar customs and _____ of acting.A. waysB. behaviorsC. attitudesD. means31. I found it difficult to _____ my career ambitions with the need to bring up my children.A. consolidateB. amendC. reconcileD. Intensify32. The Spanish team, who are not in superb form, will be doing their best next week to _____ themselves on the German team for last year’s defeat.A. remedyB. reproachC. subjectD. revenge33. The prisoner has been _____ of many privileges that average citizens enjoy.A. ensuredB. informedC. deprivedD. convinced34. It is one thing to locate oil, but it is quite another to _____ and transport it to the industrial center.A. permeateB. extractC. distinguishD. concentrate35. Put on your sun glasses or the sun will _____ you and you won’t be able to see.A. discernB. distortC. distractD. dazzle36. Most people in the modern world _____ freedom and independence more than anything else.A. embodyB. cherishC. fascinateD. illuminate37. President Wilson attempted to _____ between the powers to end the war, but neither side was prepared to give in.A. segregateB. whirlC. compromiseD. mediate38. Their claims to damages have not been convincingly _____.A. refutedB. overwhelmedC. depressedD. intimidated39. Weeks _____ before anyone was arrested in connection with the bank robbery.A. terminatedB. elapsedC. overlappedD. expired40. In November 1987 the government _____ a public debate on the future direction of the official sports policy.A. initiatedB. designatedC. inducedD. promotedII. 辨别错误（10%）41. Directing musical works requires a understanding of the range and characteristicsA B Cof each instrument.D42. Magnificent mountains and coastal scenery is British Columbia’s chief touristA B C D attractions.43. In the 1800’s store owners sold everything from a needle to a plow, trust everyoneA B Cand never took inventory.D44. In laboratory experiments, an investigator often begins by work out differentA Bconditions for two groups of subjects.C D45. The elephant relies more on its sense of smell than for any other sense.A B C D46. Being opened in 1918, the Phillips Collection in Washington D.C., was the firstA Bmuseum in the United States devoted to modern art.C D47. The Canadian province of Alberta it is believed to have some of the richest oilA B C D deposits in the world.48. Ponds are noted for their rich and varied types of plant and animal life, allA Bmaintain in a delicate ecological balance.C D49. Soil temperatures in Death Valley, California, near the Nevada border,A Bhave been known to reach 48 degree centigrade.C D50. Hot at the equator causes the air to expand, rise, and flow toward the poles.A B C DIII. 完形填空（15%）When you read to learn English composition, you _51_ regard the language as the main thing.When you read a _52_ in English, do you read it for the story or for the English? This is a question that is not so foolish _53_ it may seem, _54_ I find that many students of English _55_ far more attention to the story _56_ to the English. They read and enjoy and _57_ a long time afterwards remember the story, but do not _58_ to study the use of words and _59_ in it. For instance, they know the plot of the story _60_, but do not remember a _61_sentence in the story and can not tell _62_ preposition is used before or _63_ a certain word which functions as a noun, a verb or an adjective.Of course, it is all right to read and enjoy and remember a story, and so long as one -64_ to know the story only, one need not -65_ about the language. But the case is quite different with a student of English.51. A. ought B. need C. would D. ought to52. A. writing B. essay C. story D. report53. A. that B. as C. than D. as if54. A. for B. when C. since D. therefore55. A. take B. gain C. put D. pay56. A. due B. than C. thanks D. rather57. A. during B. in C. for D. on58. A. care B. dream C. stop D. expect59. A. paragraphs B. letters C. terms D. phrases60. A. in heart B. for mind C. by heart D. to mind61. A. single B. simple C. long D. compound62. A. any B. what C. whether D. certain63. A. under B. after C. over D. behind64. A. does B. wants C. satisfies D. fails65. A. concern B. bring C. study D. botherIV. 阅读理解（30%）Passage 1People can be addicted to different things — e. g. alcohol, drugs, certain foods, or even television. People who have such an addiction are compulsive, i. e. they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy. According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders. They feel that they must spend money. This compulsion, like most others, is irrational —impossible to explain reasonably. For compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts (赊购账) are even more exciting than money. In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending enormous amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy.There is even a special psychology of bargain hunting. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunters, however, of ten buy things that they don't need just because they are cheap. They want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game. When they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winning. Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and the real reason.It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also businesspeople. Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business: They consider people's needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods.Psychologists often use a method called "behavior therapy" to help individuals solve their personality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money.66. According to the psychologists, a compulsive spender is one who spends large amounts of money ______.A) and takes great pleasure from what he or she buysB) in order to satisfy his or her basic needs in lifeC) just to meet his or her strong psychological needD) entirely with an irrational eagerness67. According to the writer, compulsive bargain hunters are in constant search of the lowest possible prices _____.A) because they want to save money to help their budgetsB) because they can openly boast of their triumph over others in getting things for lessC) and will not have money problems if they can keep to their budgetsD) but they seldom admit they feel satisfied if they can get things for less than others68. Which of the following is true?A) All people spend money for exactly the same reason that they need to buy things.B) Businesspeople and advertisers can use the psychology of money to increase sales.C) Businesspeople understand the psychology of compulsive buying better than scientists do.D) compulsive bargain hunters do not have problems with money.69. The article is mainly about_____.A) the psychology of money-spending habitsB) the purchasing habits of compulsive spendersC) a special psychology of bargain huntingD) the use of the psychology of spending habits in business70. From the passage we may safely conclude that compulsive spenders or compulsive bargain hunters _____.A) are really unreasonableB) need special treatmentC) are really beyond remediesD) can never get any help to solve their problems with moneyPassage 2Hawaii’s (夏威夷的) native minority is demanding a greater degree of sovereignty（主权）over its own affairs. But much of the archipelago’s（群岛的）political establishment which includes the White Americans who dominated until the Second World War and people of Japanese, Chinese and Filipino origin, is opposed to the idea.The islands were annexed（并吞）by the US in 1898 and since then Hawaii’s native peoples have fared worse than any of its other ethnic groups. They make up over 60 percent of the state’s homeless, suffer higher l evels of unemployment and their life span is five years less than the average Hawaiians. They are the only major US native group without some degree of autonomy.But a sovereignty advisory committee set up by Hawaii’s first native governor, John Waihee, h as given the natives’ cause a major boost by recommending that the Hawaiian natives decide by themselves whether to re-establish a sovereign Hawaiian nation.However, the Hawaiian natives are not united in their demands. Some just wantgreater autonomy within the state—as enjoyed by many American Indian natives over matters such as education. This is position supported by the Office of Hawaiian Affairs(OHA), a state agency set up in 1978 to represent the natives’ interests and which has now become the moderate face of the native sovereignty movement. More ambitious is the Ka Lahui group, which declared itself a new nation in 1987 and wants full, official independence from the US.But if Hawaiian natives are given greater autonomy, it is far from clear how many people this will apply to. The state authorities only count those as native people with more than 50 percent Hawaiian blood.Native demands are not just based on political grievances（苦衷）, though. They also want their claim on 660,000 hectares（公顷）of Hawaiian crown land（公有土地）to be accepted. It is on this issue that native groups are facing most opposition from the state authorities. In 1933, the state government paid the OHA US＄136 million in back rent（欠租）on the crown land and many officials say that by accepting this payment the agency has given up its claims to legally own the land. The OHA has vigorously disputed this.71. Which of the following is/are referred to as part of Hawaii’s native minority?A. Hawaii’s ethnic groupsB. people of Filipino originC. the Ka Lahui groupD. people with 50% Hawaiian blood72. Which of the following statements is true of the Hawaiian natives?A. Sixty percent of them are homeless or unemployed.B. Their life span is 5 years shorter than average Americans.C. Their life is worse than that of other ethnic groups in Hawaii.D. They are the only native group without sovereignty.73. Which of the following is NOT true of John Waihee?A. He is Hawaii’s first native governor.B. He has set up a sovereignty advisory committee.C. He suggested the native people decide for themselves.D. He is leading the local independent movement.74. Which of the following groups holds a less radical attitude on the matter of sovereignty?A. American Indian natives.B. Office of Hawaiian Affairs.C. The Ka Lahui group.D. The Hawaiian natives.75. Various native Hawaiians demand all the following EXCEPT_______.A. a greater autonomy within the stateB. more back rent on the crown landC. a claim on the Hawaiian crown landD. full independence from the USPassage 3Birth Order76. What is stated in paragraph 1 about Alder?A. He was one of the first to study the effect of birth order on personality.B. He believed that it was the actual numerical birth order that affected personality.C. He had found that the responses by family members had little to do with personality.D. He was the only one to study birth order.77. The author includes the idea that “These studies have tented to classify birth order types into four different categories” in paragraph 2 in order to ____.A. announce what ideas will be presented in the following paragraphsB. show how other studies differed from Adler’sC. explain how alder classified his workD. describe the various ways that different studies have categorized birth order groups78. Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?A. First-borns tend to do well in individual sports.B. Middle children tend to have preference for team sports.C. Last-borns tend to prefer games with fierce competition.D. Only children tend to prefer individual over team sports.79. The phrase “more achievement oriented”in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _____.A. more directly involvedB. more focused on accomplishmentsC. more skilled as leadersD. more aware of surroundings80. Which of the following would be most likely to have a successful career but few close friendships?A. A second-bornB. A middle childC. A last-bornD. An only child V. 英汉翻译（15%）81. If an environment is created wherein non-Chinese feel uncomfortable, they will not stay.82. Reading exercises one’s eyes; speaking, one’s tongue; while writing, one mind.83. Men become desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep alive their families.84. One of the interests I share with my Chinese husband is sports and we enjoy the feeling of breaking into sweat.85. I was so positively affected by last summer’s conference and I decided to return this year.VI. 写作（10%）86. Directions: For this part, you’re allowed twenty minutes to write a composition on the topic I Like to Listen to Music. You should write 100-200 words and you should base your composition on the outline below:1. 我爱听音乐，理由是……2．我最爱听关于友谊的歌曲，因为……3．音乐在生活中是必不可少的。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个与其它三个划线部分读音不同的选项D1、A.grapes B.changes C.tables√D.librariesA2、A.enough B.fight C.neighbor D.daughterA3、A.would B.ground C.about D.outA4、rge(g的发音)B.gay(g的发音)C.glory(g的发音)D.grammar(g的发音) D.5、A brown B.south C.loudly√D.boughtA6、A.thrown B.and then C.the results D.their7、A.and B.are C.for D.NowD8、A.arrived B.can see C.of the√D.thatB9、A.instead of√B.lie C.in bed D.working10、A.there B.than C.driving a car D.easierB11、√D12、√A13.、√B14.、√C15.、√A16、√A.B17、√B.C18、(g的发音)(g的发音)√C.(g的发音)C19、√C.B20、√B.一、语音题。
(每空1分，共5分)A1、D2、C3、A4、B5、A1、D2、A3、B4、C5、(g的发音)二、辩错题。
(每题1分，共5分)C6、A.Now thatB.successfullyC.wereD.to beginA7、A.set up B.since C.also D.aB8、A.no B.have C.to walk D.homeD9、A.the B.most C.city D.sawA10、A.has read B.the C.article stB6、A.no B.have C.to walk D.homeA7、A.has read B.the C.article stA8、A.set up B.since C.also D.aA9、A.worked B.in C.that D.forC10、they have passed the TOEFL,the students ready their classes at the university.A.Now thatB.successfullyC.wereD.to beginB1.He got two pieces of informations about the new product.A.got√rmationsC.aboutD.productC2.He cannot remember the thing whose made me very sad.A.cannotB.thing√C.whoseD.sadD3.It's easier for me to go there on foot than driving a car.A.easierB.thereC.than√D.driving a carC4.You should be working instead of lie there in bed.A.workingB.instead of√C.lieD.in bedB5.Now that the newspaper arrived we can see the scores of the tennis matches.A.that√B.arrivedC.can seeD.of theA1.Every one of the students had to do their own experiment试验,and then于是professor Brown judged判断the results结果.√A.their（his?）B.own C.and then D.the resultsC2.The problem is how we can operate the new machine on such a short time.A.howB.operate√C.on(in?)D.aC3.He cannot remember the thing whose made me very sad.A.cannotB.thing√C.whose(which?)D.sadB4.Now that the newspaper arrived we can see the scores of the tennis matches.A.that√B.arrived到达C.can seeD.of theC5.Only after he comes to consciousness意识you can make the final decision结果.A.OnlyB.to√C.you can（can you?）D.make三、单选题。
中央电大本科学士学位英语统一考试真题（A卷）2008年11月注意事项一、本场考试时间为上午9：00——11：00.二、考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹签字笔填写自己的准考证号、姓名和学校，再用2B铅笔把对应准考证号码的标号涂黑。
三、请考生仔细阅读题目的说明。
四、答案必须按要求写在答题卡规定的位置上，凡是写在试题册上的答案一律作废。
五、答题时，PartⅠ至Part Ⅳ部分用2B铅笔按示例填涂，如：[■][B][C][D]，用其它符号答题者不记分。
修改时，必须先用橡皮擦去原来选定的答案，然后再按要求重新作答。
六、Part V 部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔在答题卡规定区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框区域的答案无效。
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Scientists in India have invented a new way to produce electricity. Their invention does not get its power from oil, coal or other fuels. It produces electricity with the power of animals. India has about eighty million bullocks. They do all kinds of jobs. They work in the fields. They pull vehicles through the streets. They carry water containers. (76)Indian energy officials have been seeking ways to use less imported oil to provide energy. Scientists at the National Institute for Industrial Engineering in Bombay wondered whether the millions of bullocks could help. Many villages in India lack electricity, but they have many bullocks. And often the animals are not working. One job done by bullocks is to pump water out of the well. The animals do this by walking around and around in a circle. As they walk, they turn a heavy stick that makes the pump move. This simple technology is centuries old. Scientists thought that the same technology could be used to produce electricity. Bullocks walk in a circle only two or three times a minute. This is much too slow to produce electricity, but it can create enough power to turn a series of gears. A large gear sits next to a smaller gear. As the large gear turns, it causes the smaller gear to turn. That gear turns an even smaller one. Each gear moves faster because it is a little smaller. The smallest gear may turn extremely fast. (77) Clocks operate with gears. So do cars and so does the device invented by the Indian scientists to produce electricity.According to the officials in the United Nations, the idea is being tested at several places in India. The device is easy to operate and repair. And it can be moved easily. It costs about three hundred and seven dollars now to make such a device, but production of large numbers of them could cut the cost of each to about two hundred dollars.1. Who first thought of using bullocks to provide energy?A. Indian energy officials.B. Scientists in India.C. Officials in the United Nations.D. Researchers in Europe.2. Which kind of job that the bullocks do is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Pulling vehicles.B. Plowing fields.C. Pumping water out if wells.D. Carrying food baskets.3. Why are bullocks used to provide energy in India?A. Because bullocks have long been used by Indian people.B. Because bullocks walk slowly and are easy to controlC. Because there are few non-working bullocks in India.D. Because there is not enough oil in India.4. In the sentence “This simple technology is cent uries old”in Paragraph One, “This simpletechnology” refers to _____.A. using bullocks to produce energyB. using pumps to draw water outC. having bullocks walk around to make the pump moveD. connecting gears of different sizes to produce electricity5. Which of the following is true about the device mentioned in the passage?A. It has a large gear and a smaller gear.B. It’s easy to use, but difficult to move.C. It’s quite cheap.D. It’s still being tested.Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:On-the-job smoking is a hot issue for both smokers and non-smokers, and many managers now see smoking as a productivity problem. Although some people question whether smoking really affects one’s productivity, it has, in f act, been proven that a smoker costs a company more than a non-smoker. According to Professor William Weis, a smoking employee costs his or her employer about $ 5,700 more a year than a never-smoker. These costs include medical care, lost earnings and insurance. And absence due to smoking breaks is one of the productivity problems, yet it accounts for a great deal of employer costs.(78) When the issue of smoking at the workplace is discussed, perhaps the most important problem is the health risk that smoking causes to both smokers and never-smokers. It has long been proven that smoking is linked to lung cancer. Now many health experts warn that passive smoking can cause lung cancer and other illnesses in healthy never-smokers. Passive smoking can be defined as exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke in enclosed areas. Anyone who has been with smokers indeed knows that their smoke can cause eye irritation, coughing, headaches and throat soreness. While eye irritation may seem a small thing to some smokers, it nevertheless is a problem that occurs every workday in offices and break-rooms and can lead to greater health problems. Employees who do not smoke should not be subjected to the risks of passive smoking and need to be able to work in a safe environment. Surgeon General Koop states that the right of the smoker stops at the point where his or her smoking increases the disease risk of those occupying the same environment.6. All the following cases are on-the-job smoking except that ____.A. an employer smokes while working in the officeB. a taxi driver smokes while driving the carC. a worker smokes while working in the workshopD. a worker smokes while reading in the train7. According to the passage, on-the-job smoking affects an employee’s performance in theoffice in that_____.A. he can concentrate on what he is doing while smokingB. he often goes away from his desk to smoke in the break-room.C. he often asks for sick leave as a result of too much smoking.D. he takes a rest from time to time because of eye irritation8. Many managers do not seem to be in favor of on-the-job smoking mainly because it ____.A. reduces productivity of the company to a certain degreeB. does harm to the health of never-smokers of the company.C. affects the relationship between smokers and non-smokersD. makes the break-rooms more crowded and more polluted9. Passive smoking means____A. never-smokers take up the habit of smoking unwillinglyB. never-smokers have to put up with the active smokersC. never-smokers take in smoke released by a lit cigaretteD. never-smokers share an enclosed area with smokers10. In the second part of the passage, the author suggests banning on-the-job smoking so asto____.A. cut down costs of medical care and insuranceB. create a healthy and safe working environmentC. prevent eye irritation from becoming a big health problemD. improve the sm oking employees’ work efficiencyPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passageNot all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares(噩梦).(79)Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase(抹去), the effect of painful memories.In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. (80) So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or t reat soldiers’ troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.“Some memories can ruin people’s lives. They come back to you when you don’t want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually c ome with very painful emotions.” said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. “This could relieve a lot of that suffering.”But those who are against the research say that it is very dangerous to change memories because memories give us our identity. They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.“All of us can think of bad events in our lived that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I’m not sure we want to wipe those memories out,” said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.11. The passage is mainly about _____.A. a new medical inventionB. a new research on memoriesC a way of erasing painful memoriesD an argument about the research on the pill12. The drug tested on people can ____.A. cause the brain to fix memoriesB. stop people remembering their experiencesC. prevent body producing certain chemicalsD. wipe out the emotional effects of memories13. We can infer from the passage that_____.A. people doubt the effects of the pillsB. the pill will stop people’s bad experiencesC. taking the pill will do harm to people’s healthD. the pill has probably been produced in America14. Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with?A. Some me mories can ruin people’s lives.B. People want to get rid of bad memories.C. Experiencing bad events makes us different from others.D. The pill will reduce people’s sufferings from bad memories.15. The word “scars” in Paragraph One is close in meaning to ____.A. good storiesB. painsC. experiencesD. memoriesPart II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. Don’t be to o ___ about things you are not supposed to know.A. strangeB. amusingC. curiousD. conscious17. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A. whereB. whichC. whileD. why18. In order to change attitudes ___ employing women, the government is bringing in new laws.A. aboutB. ofC. towardsD. on19. The fact came up ____ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 monthsold.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. whose20. It is generally believed that teaching is ____ it is a science.A. an art much asB. much an art asC. as an art much asD. as much an art as21. _____, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.A. However the story is amusingB. No matter amusing the story isC. However amusing the story isD. No matter how the story is amusing22. For the sake of her daughter’s health, she decided to move to a warm____.A. weatherB. temperatureC. seasonD. climate23. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may get ____ by a car.A. run outB. run overC. run awayD. run after24. _____, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.A. Strangely enoughB. Enough strangelyC. Strange enoughD. Enough strange25. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ____ whether theywill enjoy it.A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. seen26. —You seem to show interest in cooking.—What? ____, I’m getting tired of it.A. On the contraryB. To the contraryC. On the other handD. To the other hand27. These wild flowers are so special that I would do ____ I can to save them.A. whateverB. thatC. whichD. whichever28. Time will____ whether I made the right choice or not.A. seeB. sayC. tellD. know29. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ____ the girl and took her away, ____ into thewoods.A. seizing; disappearedB. seized; disappearedC. seizing; disappearingD. seized; disappearing30. It suddenly ____ me how we could improve the situation.A. occurredB. fearedC. shookD. struck31. Was it because he was ill ____ he asked for leave?A. soB. whenC. whyD. that32. John likes Chinese food, but he ____ eating with chopsticks.A. is used toB. used toC. isn’t used toD. didn’t used to33. Fujian Province lies ____ the east of China and Taiwan is ____ the east of Fujian.A. in; inB. to; inC. to; toD. in; to34. For John this was the beginning of a new life, _____he thought he would never see,A. whatB. thatC. oneD. it35. We stayed for the night at the foot of the mountain and ____ to climb it the next morning.A. set aboutB. set offC. set upD. set out36. We should do as much ad we can ____ our country better and more beautiful.A. makeB. to makeC. makesD. making37. “To put of something” means “to _____”.A. look for itB. put it in placeC. postpone itD. cancel it38. _____, he’ll make a first-class tennis player,A. Giving timeB. To give timeC. Given timeD. Being given time39. —Did you see her off the day before yesterday?—No, but I wish I ____.A. wereB. didC. hadD. would40. Some drivers always drive carelessly. There is some ____ danger while they are driving.A. painfulB. potentialC. probableD. primary41. You have stayed at home for two days. It’s time you ____ for a walk.A. go outB. went outC. will go outD. would go out42. Can you ____ the three mistakes in this paragraph?A. turn outB. bring outC. call outD. pick out43. This is much ____ to the one I bought last week.A. worseB. lowerC. inferiorD. equal44. _____ their country has plenty of oil, ours has none.A. WhileB. WhereC. WhenD. Unless45. There at the door stood a girl about the same height ____.A. as meB. as mineC. with mineD. with mePart III Identification (10%)Why is this happening? There is too 69 carbon dioxide in the air. 70 oil, gas and coal burn, they create large amounts of carbon dioxide. This carbon dioxide lets 71 enter the earth’s atmo sphere and 72 the earth. However, it doesn’t let as much heat 73 the atmosphere and enter space. It’s like a blanket. The heat 74 the sun can pass through the blanket to warm the earth. The heat 75 there and can’t escape through the blanket again.Scientists call this the green-house effect.56. A. warmer B. colder C. better D. worse57. A. land B. agriculture C. climate D. weather58. A. lower B. higher C. normal D. proper59. A. good B. general C. serious D. useful60. A. getting B. playing C. taking D. growing61. A. much B. many C. amount D. number62. A. fall B. decrease C. refuse D. rise63. A. lead B. keep C. make D. cause64. A. increase B. drop C. lift D. realize65. A. water B. rain C. stone D. ice66. A. degree B. level C. coast D. area67. A. by B. to C. of D. with68. A. above B. under C. below D. over69. A. little B. many C. few D. much70. A. If B. Because C. When D. Why71. A. sunlight B. air C. rain D. gas72. A. cold B. protect C. hurt D. heat73. A. enter B. get C. leave D. reach74. A. through B. by C. from D. on75. A. stores B. arrives C. stands D. staysPart V Translation (20%)Section ADirections: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in the part of Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify meanings in the context. 76. Indian energy officials have been seeking ways to use less imported oil to provide energy.77. Clocks operate with gears. So do cars and so does the device invented by the Indian scientiststo produce electricity.78. When the issue of smoking at the workplace is discussed, perhaps the most importantproblem is the health risk that smoking causes to both smokers and never-smokers.79. Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help peopleforget bad memories.80. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced,not that the memories are erased.Section BDirections: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.81. 我想说的是，在奥运会上做志愿者（volunteer）对于年轻人是有意义的事。
