(完整版)初中英语----划分句子成分专题练习

11. We always work hard at English.主语状语谓语状语状语12. He said he didn't come.主句主语主句谓语从句主语从句谓语13. They love each other.主谓语宾语14. What did you buy?宾助动词主谓15. She watched her daughter playing the piano.主语谓语宾语宾语补足语16. Your job today is to help the old.主语定语系动词表语17. Speaking doesn't mean doing.主语谓语宾语18. Bye the time I got to the station, the train had left.时间状语从句主句主语主句谓语19. The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语状语20. It takes me an hour to get there.形式主语谓语宾语真正主语划分句子成分练习题(2)(一) 指出下例句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词① I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. getB. longerC. daysD. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC. goD. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC. doD. his homework⑦ What I want to tell you is this.A. wantB. to tellC. youD. is⑧ We had better send for a doctor.A. WeB. hadC. sendD. doctor⑨ He is interested in music.A. isB. interestedC. inD. music⑩ Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB. didC. whomD. book(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语① My brother hasn't done his homework.A B C D② People all over the world speak English.A B C D③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.A B C D④ How many new words did you learn last class?A B C D⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?A B C D⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.A B C D⑦ They made him monitor of the class.A B C D⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.A B C D⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school.A B C D⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.A B C D(四) 挑出下列句中的表语① The old man was feeling very tired.A B C D② Why is he worried about Jim?A B C D③ The leaves have turned yellow.A B C D④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.A B C D⑤ She was the first to learn about it.A B C D(五) 挑出下例句中的定语① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.A B C D② What is your given name?A B C D③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.A B C D④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.A B C D⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.A B C D⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!A B C D(六) 挑出下例句中的宾语补足语① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.A B C D② He asked her to take the boy out of school.A B C D③ She found it difficult to do the work.A B C D④ They call me Lily sometimes.A B C D⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B C D⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?A B C D(七) 挑出下例句中的状语① There was a big smile on her face.A B C D② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.A B C D③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.A B C D④ The man on the motorbike was travelling to fast.A B C D⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.A B C D⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.A B C D⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.A B C D⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.A B C D(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语① Please tell us a story.② My father bought a new bike for me last week.③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤ Did he leave any message for me?划分句子成分练习题（2）参考答案(一) ① teacher ② man ③ dictionary ④ To do(二) ① B ② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C ⑥ C ⑦ D ⑧ C ⑨ A ⑩ A(三) ① D ② D ③ B ④ A ⑤ B ⑥ D ⑦ C ⑧ D ⑨ A ⑩ D(四) ①D ②B ③D ④C ⑤B(五) ① C ② C ③ A ④ B ⑤ B ⑥ D(六) ① C ② C ③ C ④ C ⑤ D ⑥ B(七) ① D ② A ③ D ④ D ⑤ A ⑥ D ⑦ C ⑧ D(八) ① us, 间接宾语a story, 直接宾语② me, 间接宾语a new bike, 直接宾语③ us, 间接宾语history, 直接宾语④ Tom, 间接宾语it, 直接宾语⑤ me, 间接宾语message, 直接宾语。

英语划分句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。

划分句子成分练习题(1) 1. They are working on the farm now. 2. All of us like Kobe Bryant very much. 3. She became a doctor in 1998. 4. Suddenly it began to rain. 5. To catch the train, I got up early yesterday. 6. I find her happy. 7. They love each other. 8. What did you buy? 划分句子成分练习题(2) (一) 指出下例句中主语的中心词指出下例句中主语的中心词① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English.  How many new words did you learn last class? （班长）⑦ They made him monitor（班长）挑出下列句中的表语（4）① The old man was feeling very tired. A B C D ② Why is he worried about Jim? A B C D ③ The leaves have turned yellow. A B C D ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject. A B C D ⑤ She was the first to learn about it. A B C D (五) 挑出下例句中的定语挑出下例句中的定语① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name. A B C D ② What is your given name? A B C D ③ On the third floor are Class 1 and Class 3. A B C D ④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. A B C D (六) 挑出下例句中的宾语补足语挑出下例句中的宾语补足语① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. A B C D ② He asked her to take the boy out of school. A B C D ④ They call me Lily sometimes. A B C D ⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus. A B C D (七) 挑出下例句中的状语挑出下例句中的状语① There was a big smile on her face. A B C D ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs. A B C D ③ He began to learn English when he was eleven. A B C D ⑤ With the book in her hand, Miss Li came in. A B C D ⑥ She loves the library because she loves books. A B C D （八）、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语（—）、谓语（＝）、宾语（～）：）、谓语（＝）、宾语（～）：Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. But he employs more men for the harvest. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. It doesn't often rain in the summer here. As a result, have to water the vegetable garden. Every evening we pump water from a well. (九).划分句子成分划分句子成分1.we are working . 2.I can swim very well . 3.The waiter brought a bottle of beer to me . . 4.Why does the wind blow . 5.The rain has been pulling down for a whole day . 6.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music . 7.You must get the car ready by tomorrow . 8.I have a lot of clothes to wash . 9.He gave his son some advice on reading . 10.Read me the first paragraph . 1111.I’ve ordered some soup for you ..I’ve ordered some soup for you .12.He began leaning English ten years ago . 1313.April’ Day is the special day .April’ Day is the special day of the year when you play a joke on someone 。

（英语）初中英语句子结构与成分专题训练答案及解析一、句子结构与成分1．The shop ________ from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. But it ________ at 4: 30 on Sundays.A. opens; closesB. opens; is closedC. is open; closes【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：商店从上午9点到下午5点营业，但是星期天在4点半关门。

根据from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m是段时间，用表示持续性状态的动词或形容词，open是瞬间动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是it，第三人称单数，故谓语动词是单三式，故选C。

【点评】考查动词，注意持续性动词和主谓一致的用法。

2．—What an interesting story she told us!—Yes, and her voice sounded ________.A. sweetB. smallC. clearlyD. sadly【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：——他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊！——是的，她的声音听起来很甜美。

sweet甜的；small小的；clearly清楚地；sadly伤心地。

sound是系动词，后跟形容词，故选A。

【点评】考查系表结构。

3．John calls his dog Eddie. The structure of the sentence is _______.A. S+V+OB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：约翰叫他的狗Eddie.这个句子的结构是_____________.根据句子可知这个句子的结构是：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。

故答案为D。

【点评】考查句子成分。

牢记句子成分。

4．Choose the correct structure（结构） of this sentence "He lent me a book."A. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+PD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意“He lent me a book”。

英语划分句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。

英语划分句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。

英语句子成分划分详解（一）主语：就是一个句子陈述的对象，或是动作的执行者。

它回答的是“谁”“什么”的问题。

如：我看书。

谁看书？“我”。

“我”就是这句子的主语。

主语由名词或相当于名词的词充当。

（如动词不定式，动名词，代词都可作主语，主语从句）主语（subject）:句子说明的人或事物。

The sun rises in the east. （名词）He likes dancing. （代词）Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)Seeing is believing. （动名词）To see is to believe. （不定式）What he needs is a book.（主语从句）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）谓语：说明主语是什么，干什么，怎么样。

它回答的是主语“干什么，是什么”的问题。

如上句中主语“我”干什么？“看书”。

“看书”就是谓语。

一个句子，一般都可分成主、谓两大部分（祈使句是省主句）。

再细分又可分成谓语（动词）、宾语，表语，补语（包括宾补和主补），定语，状语，同位语等。

如第一例中谓语部分可划分成谓语（看）和宾语（书）。

谓语部分中心词一定要是一个动词，要么是行为动词，要么是系动词，不同的动词构成不同的句子类型。

句子的各种时态、人称和数的变化都在谓语动词上变。

谓语（predicate）:说明主语的动作、状态和特征。

We study English.He is asleep.宾语：指谓语动词所涉及的对象，由名、代、数，宾语从句等相当于名词的词句充当，但人称代词要用宾格。

如：还说上例。

谓语动词是“看”，看什么？看“书”，“书”是动词“看”所涉及的对象，是“看”的宾语。

需要说明的是：只有及物动词和介词或相当于及物动词和介词的短语才可带宾语。

句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。

（一）主语：主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。

一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。

它在句首。

如：（1）Lucy is a beautiful nurse. （名词作主语）（2）He reads newspapers every day. （代词作主语）（3）Smoking is harmful to the health. （动名词作主语）（4）To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.（不定式作主语）（5）What we should do is not yet decided. （主语从句作主语）（二）谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。

它在主语后面。

如：His parents are teachers. （系动词和表语一起作谓语）We study hard. （行为动词作谓语）We don’t finish reading the book. （助动词和行为动词一起作谓语）He can speak English. （情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语）（三）宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。

一般放在谓语之后。

She is doing her homework now.（名词作宾语）She says（that）she is ill.（宾语从句作动词宾语）We often help him.（代词作宾语）He likes to play basketball.（不定式作宾语）We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。

（动名词短语作宾语）说明1：宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物，宾语一般放在及物动词之后。

句子成分 (Members of a Sentence)什么叫句子成分呢？句子的构成成分叫句子成分。

在句子中，词与词之间有必定的组合关系，依据不一样的关系，能够把句子分为不一样的构成成分。

句子成分由词或词组充任。

现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。

英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（ predicative ）、宾语（object ）、定语（ attribute ）、状语 (adverbial) 和补语（complement ）。

英语句子的基本构造能够概括成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。

掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各样英语句子构造的基础。

英语五种基本句型列式以下：一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）主语：能够作主语的成分闻名词（如boy），主格代词（如you ），动词不定式，动名词等。

主语一般在句首。

注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语以后。

不及物动词（ vi. ）没有宾语，形成主谓构造，如：We come.此句型的句子有一个共同特色，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完好的意思。

这种动词叫做不及物动词，后边能够跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

Ｓ│ Ｖ（不及物动词）1.The sun │ was shining.太阳在照射着。

2.The moon │ rose.月亮升起了。

3.The universe │ remains.宇宙长存。

4.We all │ breathe, eat, and drink.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

5.Who │ cares?管它呢？6.What he said │ does not matter.他所讲的没有什么关系。

7.They │talked for half an hour.他们谈了半个小时。

划分句子成分经典练习练习1。

分析下列句子成分，在下面标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。

1）Trees turn green when spring comes。

2）The old man was feeling very tired。

3）His job is to train swimmers。

4）Where he was buried remained unknown.5）What he said proved true.6）We must keep quiet。

7）The shop stayed open until eleven。

8）She appeared younger than she really was。

9）His face went red。

10）He fell ill last week.11）The cake I ate yesterday tastes delicious.从上面我们可以看出，常见的系动词有，_____、_____、______、______、______、_____、_______、________等,它们下面一般跟________词作表语。

练习2。

分析下列句子成分，在下面标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。

口译,体会it的替代性用法。

1）It is very plain to me that he is round and tall like a tree。

2）It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language。

3）It worried her a bit than her hair was turning grey.4）The chairman thought it necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.5）She made it her duty to look after all the other people’s affaires in that town。