Inventory- The product was cut off Facebook-毕业论文翻译

Unit 41. 中东和平谈判正在进行当中。

武汉地铁正在建设当中。

2．客户对我们的服务感到非常满意。

3．对价格敏感的顾客喜欢去买一些减价品，而有品牌意识的顾客则重视产品的声誉。

4行业分析师说，食品零售业市场已达到饱和，企业必须开拓海外市场。

5．中国旅游业有很好的增长前景。

6．由于其较低的利率，这家银行吸收了巨大的顾客存款。

7．对中国地产业的长期盈利性还应打个问号。

8．厂商如果已牺牲产品质量为代价来增加利润的话，就会损害自己的品牌并造成很坏的公众影响。

A technological revolution is under wayA formal negotiation is under way.The subway is under construction.Your proposal is under considerationSelect goods / a select school/ a select group (number) ofBe happy with /aboutTake advantage of cut-price offersBe certain/sure/set to doRetail food market is saturated.Even when the market reaches saturation, the production process doesn’t stop.Prospect of growth / a bright prospect / a dim/ bleak prospectLarge supermarket chains/ chain storeTake over / hand overTake over 20 billion yuan of customer depositsI took over as the editor of the magazineInterest rates on savingsROI = return on investmentThere is a question market over long-term profitability. / feasibilityWiden margins and boost profitsThe effect is marginalMake marginal adjustmentThe new technology will boost the food production.This policy will be a great boost to economy.Boost the morale / confidence of the playersThis film/book has been boosted in Time recently.Create good/bad publicity / hurt the brand / build up a corporate imageDon’t share their fearsOwn-label car / real estate agent /He has no incentive /drive to improve his performance.Offer bonus points with every purchaseThese points add up to free air milesIt really pays to stay loyal to the brand.It pays to keep on the right side of your boss.Competitive edgeDirect / phone sellingThis price is really value for moneyOverheads / running costTurnover / personnel turnover / turnover rate of inventory1. which word is the odd one out?1) trademark brand copyright patent2) innovate stretch diversify extend3) target promote market advertise4) incentive benefit selling-point specification5) customer retailer end-user consumer6) bona fide authentic genuine counterfeit7) discontinue phase out launch recall8) global domestic worldwide international9) shelf-life life expectancy life insurance life cycle10) design name image reputation2. match the nouns then use them to complete the sentences below.Shelf brandLoyalty lifeThird marketOwn partyWindow awarenessMarket schemeRetail advantageCompetitive leaderBlack displayBrand outlet1) We produce fresh pasta so our products only have a short ________.2) We don’t make anything ourselves. We contract out to ______ manufacturers.3) The new ________ encourages customers to buy more of our goods.4) Every year billions of dollars worth of illegal software is sold on the _______.5) The new features will give us a _________ over our nearest rivals.6) Supermarkets sell their __________ products more cheaply than other brands.7) The TV advertisements really helped increase ________ and raise our profile.8) With 62% market share, they are clearly the __________ in this sector.9) With such a boring _________ , it’s no wonder people don’t go into the shop.10) We’re reducin g costs and cutting the number of _______ we sell through.e the following words to complete the email below.Feedback brand loyalty pricing policy premiumLoss-leader household name brand awarenessSamHere’s a quick summary of the market 1_______ on the S220. As expected, a lot of the sales are through existing customers, with 65% of them having upgraded to the S220, so 2_______ seems high. But only 15% of non-current customers had heard of the S220 series so we need to build up 3_________ . I mean 15% doesn’t exactly make the S220 a 4_________ , does it?I think we need to review our 5__________ and think about special promotional discounts and other targeted offers to help grow market share. I know the S220 cost a lot to de velop and I don’t want to turn it into a 7________ but I really think we’re charging too much of a price 8________ to establish a wide enough customer base.Let me know what you think.JulesA niche market /distributor / distribution channelMarketing and Sales●How are you going to promote construct x?●Well, first of all we’ll include it in the new catalogue.●OK. What about advertising?●We’re going to run a campaign in the press, but only in specialist publications. This is a nicheproduct.●Right. Are you going to do a mailing?●Yes, just a flier to our regular customers.●Will you offer them any kind of giveaway?●No, but there will be a discount on orders in the first thirty days●Sounds good.●Well, we’ll see.●Do you think we should focus mainly on the domestic market or go for overseas sales right at thebeginning?●I think domestic to start with. That way we don’t have to worry about distribution problems untillater.●I think I agree. What about pricing?●Well, this is a unique product, there’s no real competition, so it’s going to be fairly high-priced. Don’tyou think so?●Well, that sounds fair. Any thoughts about the package?●Standard ---- a hard case containing the discs and the manual. Technical drawings on the outside togive a precise, professional image.●Are you going to have any point-of-sale displays in computer shops?●Just a poster, using the same image as the packaging.●Well, it all sounds very good.●You’ll find all the details in the report.Point-of-saleSelling pointArouse public awareness of resources conservationReview 11. This ________ here shows exactly how our payment processing works.a) graph b) flow chart c) pie chart2. we had to get a bank _______ to finance the new machinery.a) credit b) finance c) loan3. the market was flooded with cheap _______ products from abroad.a) genuine b) bona fide c) counterfeit4. all our products come with a standard one-year _________.a) warranty b) shelf life c) contract5. the head of department will have to _________ the payment.a) authorise b) summarise c) analyse6. I’m afraid delivery will be late because we have a ________ of ordersa) back date b) batch c) backlog7. we don’t make any profit on it. We’re using it as a ________ to get market share.a) trademark b) loss-leader c) concession8. we’re paying ________ of about 6 % on our finance.a) tax b) penalties c) interest9. we’re moving our headquarters to a new ________ next month.a) leasehold b) location c) construction10. everyone agreed and it was a _________ decision.a) unanimous b) summary c) representative11. I hope the terms of the agreement are to your _________.a) satisfaction b) entertainment c) convenience12. tell the ______ we need to assess the damage before we can pay anything.a) end user b) broker c) claimant13. they’re going to streamline the management _______ to reduce costs.a) administration b) orientation c) structure14. I think the brand’s strong enough to ______ into financial services.a) diversify b) globalise c) innovate15. we’re going to start _______ our com puter systems in autumn.a) renovating b) upgrading c) constructing16. the new product features should give us a competitive ________.a) expectancy b) premium c) advantage17. we improved our ______ channels to get products into shops more quickly.a) distribution b) consignment c) transaction18. we’ll have to be very careful how we ________ suc a small budget.a) supervise b) allocate c) finance19. the company went bankrupt and called in the _____.a) auditors b) accountants c) receivers20. the major TV campaign should help to increase brand _________.a) feedback b) reputation c) awareness21. the contractor put in a _________ for the construction project.a) grant b) statement c) tender22. we put our savings into a high-interest ________ account.a) deposit b) deficit c) debit23. we work very hard at ________ good relationships with our customers.a) launching b) establishing c) negotiating24. we’re hoping to pay off the _______ credit by the end of the year.a) pending b) outstanding c) overdrawn25. supermarkets can maximize profits by selling _________ goods.a) third-party b) black market c) own-brand26. The motorways and new airport have improved the __________.a) capacity b) commuting c) infrastructure27. With a modest budget we had to go for the most ____________ plana) cost-effective b) sophisticated c) state-of-the-art28. They’ve got a good _________ of designing innovative products.a) analysis b) track record c) assessment29. We’re introducing a loyalty _________ with a points card system.a) scheme b) objective c) factor30. With all these new orders, we’re struggling to _________ demand.a) produce b) cater c) satisfy31. The trainee made a lot of mistakes due to a lack of adequate _________.a) brainstorming b) supervision c) control32. We produce locally to avoid the high import ___________.a) tariff b) bonus c) price33. We use a ________ firm to distribute our heavy machinery all over the UK.a) haulage b) courier c) public transport34. With _________ below 2 percent, prices haven’t increased for two years nowa) income tax b) depreciation c) inflation35. They _____ the product due to falling sales after 8 years on the market.a) recalled b) prevented c) discontinued36. You have to fill in two forms to claim back your travel _________.a) overheads b) expenses c) investments37. It all depend s on your _________ of view, doesn’t it?a) point b) type c) angle38. They took out a __________ tot stop other companies copying the design.a) warranty b) patent c) deed39. The__________ investment in the new factory caused financial problems.a) sensible b) suitable c) substantial40. Many _____ dotcom companies go bankrupt within 18 months.a) established b) start-up c) preliminary41. I have to report to my _________ every two weeks.a) chief executive b) company secretary c) line manager42. All 230 ________ stayed in the same hotel where the conference was held.a) members b) delegates c) guests43. My ________ takes care of all my correspondence and my diary.a) partner b) apprentice c) assistant44. Many UK supermarkets have _________ their brands into banking services.a) pushed b) diverted c) stretched45. The brand enjoys very high awareness ---- it’s pretty much a _______ name.a) household b) common c) universal46. Make sure the goods are all in order before you sign the _______ notea) advice b) cover c) delivery47. We have to submit our tax ________ to the tax office by 8 February.a) remittance b) return c) application48. I f sales don’t pick up, we’ll have to review our pricing ______.a) policy b) prediction c) value49. We need to freshen up the window displays at our retail _________.a) offices b) outlets c) facilities。

baffle plate挡块cover plate盖板male die公模female die母模groove punch压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing block衬套insert 入块capability能力parameter参数factor系数phosphate皮膜化成viscosity涂料粘度alkalidipping脱脂main manifold主集流脉bezel斜视规blanking穿落模dejecting顶固模demagnetization去磁;消磁high-speed transmission高速传递heat dissipation热传rack上料degrease脱脂rinse水洗alkaline etch龄咬desmut剥黑膜D.I. rinse纯水次Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理seal封孔revision版次part number/P/N料号good products良品scraped products报放心品defective products不良品finished products成品disposed products处理品barcode条形码flow chart流程窗体assembly组装stamping冲压molding成型spare parts=buffer备品coordinate坐标dismantle the die折模auxiliary fuction辅助功能poly-line多义线heater band 加热片thermocouple热电偶sand blasting喷沙grit 砂砾derusting machine除锈机degate打浇口dryer烘干机induction感应induction light感应光response=reaction=interaction感应ram连杆edge finder巡边器concave 凹convex凸short射料不足nick缺口speck瑕疪splay 银纹gas mark焦痕delamination起鳞cold slug冷块blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花witness line证示线patent专利grit沙砾granule=peuet=grain细粒grit maker抽粒机cushion缓冲magnalium镁铝合金magnesium镁金metal plate钣金lathe车mill锉plane刨grind磨drill钻blister气泡fillet镶;嵌边through-hole form通孔形式voller pin formality滚针形式cam driver铡楔shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴augular offset角度偏差velocity速度production tempo生产进度现状torque扭矩spline=the multiple keys花键quenching淬火tempering回火annealing退火carbonization碳化alloy合金tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的organic solvent有机溶剂bracket小磁导liaison联络单volatile挥发性resistance电阻ion离子titrator滴定仪beacon警示灯coolant冷却液crusher破碎机模具工程类plain die简易模pierce die冲孔模forming die成型模progressive die连续模gang dies复合模shearing die剪边模riveting die铆合模pierce冲孔forming成型(抽凸,冲凸) draw hole抽孔bending折弯trim切边emboss凸点dome凸圆semi-shearing半剪stamp mark冲记号deburr or coin压毛边punch riveting冲压铆合side stretch侧冲压平reel stretch卷圆压平groove压线blanking下料stamp letter冲字(料号) shearing剪断tick-mark nearside正面压印tick-mark farside反面压印冲压名称类extension dwg展开图procedure dwg工程图die structure dwg模具结构图material材质material thickness料片厚度factor系数upward向上downward向下press specification冲床规格die height range适用模高die height闭模高度burr毛边gap间隙weight重量total wt.总重量punch wt.上模重量五金零件类inner guiding post内导柱inner hexagon screw内六角螺钉dowel pin固定销coil spring弹簧lifter pin顶料销eq-height sleeves=spool等高套筒pin销lifter guide pin浮升导料销guide pin导正销wire spring圆线弹簧outer guiding post外导柱stop screw止付螺丝located pin定位销outer bush外导套模板类top plate上托板（顶板）top block上垫脚punch set上模座punch pad上垫板punch holder上夹板stripper pad脱料背板up stripper上脱料板male die公模(凸模)feature die公母模female die母模(凹模)upper plate上模板lower plate下模板die pad下垫板die holder下夹板die set下模座bottom block下垫脚bottom plate下托板(底板) stripping plate内外打(脱料板) outer stripper外脱料板inner stripper内脱料板lower stripper下脱料板零件类punch冲头insert入块(嵌入件)deburring punch压毛边冲子groove punch压线冲子stamped punch字模冲子round punch圆冲子special shape punch异形冲子bending block折刀roller滚轴baffle plate挡块located block定位块supporting block for location定位支承块air cushion plate气垫板air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆trimming punch切边冲子stiffening rib punch = stinger 加强筋冲子ribbon punch压筋冲子reel-stretch punch卷圆压平冲子guide plate定位板sliding block滑块Surface Appearance 外观Glossiness/gloss finish 光洁度Matt finish/matt surface 毛面Glass fiber rich surface/glass emergence on the surface 玻纤外露Blooming/surface blooming 表面析出White patches on surface 表面白斑Silver marks/silver streak 银纹Splay mark 水纹Flow mark 流纹Weld line 溶结纹Brittle/brittleness 脆Bubbles/trapped gas 气泡Void 孔Burn marks 烧伤FR failed 阻燃不合格Flame rating V-2 阻燃V-2 Poor dispersion 分散不好FR/PTFE …ag glomerates etc 阻燃剂/PTFE…结块Pellet porous 粒子不密/蜜蜂窝Low impact/tensile etc 物理性能低High flow/filler content etc 流动性/填充…过高Longs/fines/doubles 长粒/碎屑/连粒Poor cut 粒形不好Bristle/voids 表面有小气泡/孔Glass bundles 玻纤结团Product was rejected due to 产品不能接受因为… High moisture l evel 高水分Warpage/warped 翘曲Shrinkage/shrink 收缩Sink marks 缩影Short shot/short molding 打不满Distortion 变形Over dimension 尺寸过大Under dimension 尺寸过小Flashing 飞边Discoloration 变色Off color 颜色差异Flow rate 流动率Viscous 粘High flow 高流动Low flow 低流动Sticky 粘Mold release 脱模Antioxidant 抗氧剂Flame retardant agent 阻燃剂Heat stabilizer 热稳定剂Chopped glass fiber 短切玻纤Roving glass fiber 粗纱/长玻纤Glass beads 玻璃微珠Milled fiber 碾磨纤Molybdenum disulfide/moly/MoS2二硫化钼Colorant 着色剂Pigment 颜料Dye 染料Accepted product specification 接受产品规格Approved our product 认可我们的产品Re-set spec 重新定标准Add in extra … 添加多一点… Reduced … content 减少…含量Dropped/reduced … by x％减少…含量…％Confirmed color standard 确认颜色标准Approved color standard 认可颜色标准Re-confirmed color standard 重新确认颜色标准Qualified our product 认可我们的产品Undergoing heat aging test 在做热老化实验Product is under testing 产品在测试当中Received first order 接了第一个定单Expected to finish by … 预计在…完成Expected order is xMT 预计定单量…吨Estimated annual/monthly consumption 预计年/月用量入水： gate 进入位：gate location水口形式： gate type 大水口： edge gate细水口： pin-point gate 水口大小：gate size转水口：switching runner/gate 唧嘴口径：sprue diameter二、流道: runner热流道：hot runner,hot manifold 热嘴冷流道: hot sprue/cold runner唧嘴直流: direct sprue gate 圆形流道： round(full/half runner流道电脑分析：mold flow analysis 流道平衡: runner balance热嘴：hot sprue 热流道板：hot manifold发热管： cartridge heater 探针: thermocouples插头：connector plug 插座：connector socket密封/封料：seal三、运水：water line喉塞： line lpug 喉管： tube塑胶管：plastic tube 快速接头：jiffy quick connector plug/socker四、模具零件：mold components三板模： 3-plate mold 二板模： 2-plate mold边钉/导边：l eader pin/guide pin 边司/导套： bushing/guide bushing中托司： shoulder guide bushing 中托边L： guide pin顶针板： ejector retainner plate 托板： support plate螺丝：screw 管钉： dowel pin开模槽： ply bar scot 内模管位： core/cavity inter-lock顶针： ejector pin 司筒： ejector sleeve司筒针： ejector pin 推板： stripper plate缩呵： movable core,return core core puller扣机（尼龙拉勾）： nylon latch lock 斜顶： lifter模胚（架）：mold base 上内模： cavity insert下内模： core insert 行位（滑块）：slide镶件： insert 压座/斜鸡： wedge耐磨板/油板： wedge wear plate 压条： plate撑头: support pillar 唧嘴：sprue bushing挡板： stop plate 定位圈： locating ring锁扣： latch 扣鸡： parting lock set推杆： push bar 栓打螺丝： S.H.S.B顶板： eracuretun 活动臂： lever arm分流锥： spure sperader 水口司: bush垃圾钉： stop pin 隔片：buffle弹弓柱： spring rod 弹弓: die spring中托司： ejector guide bush 中托边： ejector guide pin 镶针： pin 销子： dowel pin波子弹弓： ball catch模具成形不良用语英汉对照aberration 色差 atomization ? 化bank mark ? 料纹 bite 咬入blacking hole 涂料孔(铸疵) blacking scab 涂料疤blister 起泡blooming 起霜low hole 破孔 blushing 泛白body wrinkle 侧壁皱纹 breaking-in 冒口带肉bubble 膜泡burn mark 糊斑burr 毛边 camber 翘曲cell 气泡center buckle 表面中部波皱check 细裂痕checking 龟裂chipping 修整表面缺陷 clamp-off 铸件凹痕collapse 塌陷 color mottle 色斑corrosion 腐蚀crack 裂痕crazing 碎裂crazing 龟裂deformation 变形edge 切边碎片edge crack 裂边 fading 退色filler speak 填充料斑 fissure 裂纹flange wrinkle 凸缘起皱 flaw 刮伤flow mark 流痕galling 毛边glazing 光滑gloss 光泽grease pits 污斑grinding defect 磨痕haircrack 发裂haze 雾度incrustation 水锈 indentation 压痕internal porosity 内部气孔mismatch 偏模mottle 斑点 necking 缩颈nick 割痕 orange peel 橘皮状表面缺陷overflow 溢流 peeling 剥离pit 坑pitting corrosion 点状腐蚀plate mark 模板印痕 pock 麻点pock mark 痘斑resin streak 树脂流纹resin wear 树脂脱落 riding 凹陷sagging 松垂saponification 皂化scar 疤痕 scrap 废料scrap jam 废料阻塞scratch 刮伤/划痕scuffing 深冲表面划伤 seam 裂痕shock line 模口挤痕 short shot 充填不足shrinkage pool 凹孔 sink mark 凹痕skin inclusion 表皮折叠straightening 矫直streak 条状痕 surface check 表面裂痕surface roughening 橘皮状表皮皱折 surging 波动sweat out 冒汗torsion 扭曲warpage 翘曲 waviness 波痕webbing 熔塌 weld mark 焊痕whitening 白化 wrinkle 皱纹模具工程常用词汇英汉对照——2stock age analysis sheet 库存货龄分析表 on-hand inventory 现有库存available material 良品可使用obsolete material 良品已呆滞to be inspected or reworked 待验或重工total 合计cause description 原因说明part number/ P/N 料号type 形态 item/group/class 类别quality 品质prepared by 制表notes 说明physical inventory 盘点数量year-end physical inventory difference analysis sheet 年终盘点差异分析表physical count quantity 帐面数量difference quantity 差异量cause analysis 原因分析 raw materials 原料materials 物料 finished product 成品semi-finished product 半成品packing materials包材disposed goods 处理品 warehouse/hub 仓库on way location 在途仓oversea location 海外仓spare parts physical inventory list 备品盘点清单spare molds location 模具备品仓 skid/pallet 栈板tox machine 自铆机wire EDM 线割EDM放电机coil stock 卷料 sheet stock 片料tolerance 工差score=groove 压线cam block 滑块pilot 导正筒trim 剪外边pierce 剪内边drag form 压锻差pocket for the punch head 挂钩槽slug hole 废料孔feature die 公母模expansion dwg 展开图radius 半径shim(wedge) 楔子torch-flame cut 火焰切割set screw 止付螺丝form block 折刀stop pin 定位销 round pierce punch=die button 圆冲子shape punch=die insert 异形子 stock locater block 定位块under cut=scrap chopper 清角active plate 活动板baffle plate 挡块 cover plate 盖板male die 公模 female die 母模groove punch 压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod 气垫顶杆spring-box eject-plate 弹簧箱顶板bushing block 衬套insert 入块club car 高尔夫球车capability 能力parameter r参数factor 系数 phosphate 皮膜化成viscosity 涂料粘度alkalidipping 脱脂main manifold 主集流脉bezel 斜视规blanking 穿落模 dejecting 顶固模demagnetization 去磁;消磁模具钢材及零件英语模具钢材alloy tool steel 合金工具钢aluminium alloy 铝合金钢bearing alloy 轴承合金 blister steel 浸碳钢bonderized steel sheet 邦德防蚀钢板carbon tool steel 碳素工具钢clad sheet 被覆板 clod work die steel 冷锻模用钢emery 金钢砂 ferrostatic pressure 钢铁水静压力forging die steel 锻造模用钢 galvanized steel sheet 镀锌铁板hard alloy steel 超硬合金钢high speed tool steel 高速度工具钢hot work die steel 热锻模用钢low alloy tool steel 特殊工具钢low manganese casting steel 低锰铸钢 marging steel 马式体高强度热处理钢martrix alloy 马特里斯合金 meehanite cast iron 米汉纳铸钢meehanite metal 米汉纳铁 merchant iron 市售钢材molybdenum high speed steel 钼系高速钢molybdenum steel 钼钢nickel chromium steel 镍铬钢prehardened steel 顶硬钢silicon steel sheet 硅钢板stainless steel 不锈钢tin plated steel sheet 镀锡铁板tough pitch copper 韧铜troostite 吐粒散铁 tungsten steel 钨钢vinyl tapped steel sheet 塑料覆面钢板塑件&模具相关英文compre sion molding 压缩成型flash mold 溢流式模具plsitive mold 挤压式模具 split mold 分割式模具cavity 型控母模core 模心公模taper 锥拔leather cloak 仿皮革shiver 饰纹 flow mark 流痕welding mark 溶合痕post screw insert 螺纹套筒埋值self tapping screw 自攻螺丝 striper plate 脱料板piston 活塞 cylinder 汽缸套chip 细碎物 handle mold 手持式模具移转成型用模具encapsulation molding低压封装成型射出成型用模具two plate两极式（模具）well type 蓄料井 insulated runner 绝缘浇道方式hot runner 热浇道 runner plat 浇道模块valve gate 阀门浇口band heater 环带状的电热器spindle 阀针 spear head 刨尖头slag well 冷料井 cold slag 冷料渣air vent 排气道h=0.02~0.05mm w=3.2mm L=3~5mmwelding line 熔合痕eject pin 顶出针knock pin 顶出销 return pin 回位销反顶针sleave 套筒stripper plate 脱料板insert core 放置入子 runner stripper plate 浇道脱料板guide pin 导销eject rod (bar) （成型机）顶业捧subzero 深冷处理 three plate 三极式模具runner system 浇道系统 stress crack 应力电裂orientation 定向 sprue gate 射料浇口，直浇口nozzle 射嘴slag well 冷料井side gate 侧浇口 edge gate 侧缘浇口tab gate 搭接浇口 film gate 薄膜浇口flash gate 闸门浇口slit gate 缝隙浇口fan gate 扇形浇口dish gate 因盘形浇口 H=F=1/2t~1/5t T=2.5~3.5mm diaphragm gate 隔膜浇口ring gate 环形浇口subarine gate 潜入式浇口 tunnel gate 隧道式浇口pin gate 针点浇口Φ0.8~1.0mm Runner less 无浇道(sprue less) 无射料管方式long nozzle 延长喷嘴方式Sprue 浇口;溶渣 sprue lock pin 料头钩销(拉料杆) 塑件模具相关英文——2eject pin 顶出针knock pin 顶出销return pin 回位销反顶针 sleave 套筒stripper plate 脱料板 insert core 放置入子runner stripper plate 浇道脱料板guide pin 导销eject rod (bar) （成型机）顶业捧subzero 深冷处理three plate 三极式模具 runner system 浇道系统stress crack 应力电裂 orientation 定向sprue gate 射料浇口，直浇口 nozzle 射嘴sprue lock pin 料头钩销(拉料杆) slag well 冷料井塑件模具相关英文——1compre sion molding 压缩成型flash mold 溢流式模具plsitive mold 挤压式模具split mold 分割式模具cavity 型控母模 core 模心公模taper 锥拔 leather cloak 仿皮革shiver 饰纹 flow mark 流痕welding mark 溶合痕 post screw insert 螺纹套筒埋值self tapping screw 自攻螺丝 striper plate 脱料板piston 活塞 cylinder 汽缸套chip 细碎物 handle mold 手持式模具encapsulation molding 低压封装成型、射出成型用模具hot runner 热浇道runner plat 浇道模块band heater 环带状的电热器spindle 阀针spear head 刨尖头cold slag 冷料渣[模具英语]常用塑料的中英文缩略语大全[11-29]· [模具英语]塑料注塑成型不良的中日文对照大全表[11-29] · [模具英语]塑料模具中英文解释大全[11-29]· [模具英语]常用塑料原料的中日文对照大全表[11-29]· [模具英语]塑料注塑成型的用语中日文对照大全[11-29]· [模具英语]常用塑料原料的中英文对照大全表[11-29]· [模具英语]简述外向型塑料制品企业常用英语词汇--6[11-29] · [模具英语]简述外向型塑料制品企业常用英语词汇--7[11-29] · [模具英语]简述外向型塑料制品企业常用英语词汇--8[11-29] · [模具英语]简述外向型塑料制品企业常用英语词汇--4[11-29] · [模具英语]简述外向型塑料制品企业常用英语词汇--5[11-29] · [模具英语]简述外向型塑料制品企业常用英语词汇--2[11-29] · [模具英语]简述外向型塑料制品企业常用英语词汇--3[11-29] · [模具英语]冲压模具之冲压名称中英文对照大全[11-29]· [模具英语]各式塑料模具的分类用语中英文对照大全[11-29] · [模具英语]简述外向型塑料制品企业常用英语词汇--1[11-29] · [模具英语]模具厂常用标准零配件中英文对照大全[11-29] · [模具英语]模具制造业相关名词中英文对照大全--2[11-29] · [模具英语]模具制造业相关名词中英文对照大全--3[11-29] · [模具英语]注塑加工专业名词中英文对照表[11-29]。

An outline of：Lean Thinking Banish Waste and Create Wealth in YourCorporationBy James P。

Womack and Daniel T。

JonesNew York, NY：Free Press，Simon ＆Schuster，Inc., 1996, Second Edition，2003 Preface to the 2003 Edition. Forecasts are always wrong. That is why lean thinkersstrive to reduce order—to—delivery time. During the 2002 meltdown，this 1996 book went back on the Business Week bestseller list。

We have added what we have learned since 1996 in this edition. Lean Thinking is more relevant today。

Lean ideas are the single most powerful tool available for creating value and eliminating waste in any organization。

Part I: Lean PrinciplesTaiichi Ohno （1912 – 1990), a Toyota executive，identified seven types of waste found in any process:• Transportation. Unnecessary transport of parts under production.• Inventory. Stacks of parts waiting to be completed or finished products waiting to be shipped.• Motion。

商务英语常用缩略词词汇表大全商务英语常用缩略词词汇表大全 a accepted 承兑 A.C.V actual cash value 实际现金价值 AA Auditing Administration (中国)审计署 a.d., a/d after date 开票后、出票后ADRS asset depreciation range system 固定AAA 最佳等级资产分组折旧法abs. abstract 摘要BA bank acceptance 银行承兑汇票 a/c, A/C account 帐户、帐目bal. balance 余额、差额 a/c, A/C account current 往来帐户、活期存款帐户 banky. bankruptcy 破产、倒闭Bat battery 电池 A&C addenda and corrigenda 补遗和勘误Acc. acceptance or accepted 承兑 b.b. bearer bond 不记名债券B.B., B/B bill book 出纳簿 Accrd.Int accrued interest 应计利息Acct. account 帐户、帐目 B/B bill bought 买入票据、买入汇票 Acct. accountant 会计师、会计员 b&b bed & breakfast 住宿费和早餐费 Acct. accounting 会计、会计学 b.c. blind copy 密送的副本 Acct.No. account number 帐户编号、帐号 BC buyer credit 买方信贷B/C bills for collection 托收汇票 Acct.Tit. account title 帐户名称、会计科目ACN air consignment 航空托运单 B.C. bank clearing 银行清算 a/c no. account number 帐户编号、帐号 b/d brought down 转下页 Acpt. acceptance or accepted 承兑 Bd. bond 债券A/CS Pay. accounts payable 应付帐款 B/D bills discounted 已贴现票据A/CS Rec. accounts receivable 应收帐款 B/D bank draft 银行汇票b.d.i. both dates inclusive, both days ACT advance corporation tax 预扣公司税inclusive 包括头尾两天 ACU Asia Currency Unit 亚洲货币单位BOOM build-operate-own-maintain 建造-运营B/E bill of entry 报关单拥有-维护 -b.e., B/E bill of exchange 汇票BOOT build-operate-own- transfer 建造-运营BEP breakeven point 保本点、盈亏临界点 -拥有-转让b/f brought forward 承前 b.o.p. balance of payments 收支差额 BF bonded factory 保税工厂 BOT balance of trade 贸易余额 Bfcy. Beneficiary 受益人 BOY beginning of year 年初 B/G, b/g bonded goods 保税货物 b.p., B/P bills payable 应付票据 BHC Bank Holding Company 银行控股公司 Br. branch 分支机构BIS Bank of International Settlements 国际BR bank rate 银行贴现率清算银行b.r., B/R bills receivable 应收票据 bit binary digit 两位数Brok. broker or brokerage 经纪人或经纪人佣Bk. bank 银行金Bk. book 帐册 b.s., BS, B/S balance sheet 资产负债表 b.l., B/L bill of lading 提货单 B/S bill of sales 卖据、出货单 B/L original bill of lading original 提货B share B share B 股单正本B.T.T. bank telegraphic transfer 银行电汇 bldg. building 大厦BV book value 票面价值 BMP bank master policy 银行统一保险D degree; draft 度、汇票 BN bank note 钞票D/A deposit account 存款帐户 BO branch office 分支营业处D/A document against acceptance 承兑交单 BO buyer\'s option 买者选择交割期的远期合d/a days after acceptance 承兑后......日(付同款)BOM beginning of month 月初D. A. debit advice 欠款报单 b.o.m. bill of materials 用料清单D. B day book 日记帐、流水帐 BOO build-operate-own 建造-运营-拥有DB method declining balance (depreciation) DJTA Dow Jones Transportation Average 道-method 递减余额折旧法琼斯运输平均数D. C. F. method discounted cash flow method 现DJUA Dow Jones Utility Average 道-琼斯公用事业平均数金流量贴现法D/D documentary draft 跟单汇票 DK Don\'t know 不知道 D. D.; D/D demand draft 即期汇票 DL direct loan 直接贷款 D/d; d/d days after date 出票后......日(付DL discretionary limit 无条件限制款)DLD deadline date 最后时限 d. d. dry dock 干船坞Dls. ; Dol(s); Doll(s) dollars 元 DDB method double declining balanceDM Deutsche Mark; D-mark; Deutschmark; 德(depreciation) method 双倍递减余额折旧法国马克D. D. D deadline delivery date 交易最后日期DMCs developing member countries 发展中国def. deficit 赤字、亏损家dem. demurrage 滞期费 DN date number 日期号Depr. depreciation 折旧 DN; D/N debit note 借记通知单 d. f; D. F.; d. frt. dead freight 空舱费 DNR do not reduce 不减少 D. G dangerous goods危险货物 do.; dto. ditto 同上、同前 diff. difference 差额 D/O delivery order 发货单 Dis. discount 折扣、贴现 Doc(s) documents 凭证、单据、文件dish\'d; dishd dishonored 不名誉、拒付 doc. att. documents attached 附单据、附件 D. I. T double income-tax(relief) 双重所得Doc. code document code 凭证(单据)编号税(免征)D. O. G. days of grace 宽限日数 div.; divd dividend 红利、股息DOR date of request 要求日 D-J Dow Jones & Co. 美国道-琼斯公司DP; D/P document against payment 交单付款 DJIA Dow Jones Industrial Average (StockDPI disposable personal income 个人可支配收Index) 道-琼斯工业股票指数入DPOB date and place of birth 出生时间和地fad. free delivery (discharge, dispatch) 免费送货点DPP damp proofing 防潮的 F. A. F. free at factory 工厂交货FAIA Fellow of the Association of Dr. debit 借记、借方International Accountants 国际会计协会会员 D. R.; DR discount rate贴现率、折扣率F. A. Q fair average quality (货品)中等平Dr debtor 债务人均质量DR deposit receipt 存单、存款收据 F. A. S. free alongside ship 发运地船边交货价dr. drawer 借方FASB Financial Accounting Standards BoardsDS; d/s days after sight(days\' sight) 见票财务会计标准委员会后.......日(付款)FAT fixed asset transfer 固定资产转移 ds.; d\'s days 日FAT factory acceptance test 工厂验收试验 f feet 英尺FB foreign bank 外国银行 F dealt in flat 无息交易的F. B. E. foreign bill of exchange 外国汇票 f. following (page) 接下页F. C. fixed capital 固定资本 f. fairs 定期集市F. C. fixed charges 固定费用 F. A. face amount 票面金额F. C. future contract 远期合同 F. A. fixed assets 固定资产fc. franc 法郎F. A freight agent 货运代理行FCA Fellow of the Institute of CharteredFA free alongside 启运港船边交货 Accountants 特许会计师学会会员 FABB Fellow of the British Association of FCG foreign currency guarantee 外币担保 Accountants and Auditors 英国会计师和审计师协会会员 FCL full container load 整货柜装载 FAC facility 设施、设备FCL/LCL full container load/less (than)fullcontainer load 整装/分卸 f.a.c. fast as can 尽快FCR forwarder\'s cargo receipt 货运代理行收FACT factor analysis chart technique 因素分据析图解法FCT forwarding agent\'s certificate of FMV fair market value 合理市价 transport 货运代理行领货证FO free out 包括卸货费在内的运费 fd. fund 资金fo. folio 对折、页码 FDB method fixed rate on declining balance FOB free on board (启运港)船上交货、离岸method 定率递减余额折旧法价格FDI foreign direct investment 外商直接投资FOB airport FOB airport (启运)机场交货(价) FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance CorporationFOBST free on board stowed and trimming 包括联邦储蓄保险公司清理及平仓的离岸价格FE foreign exchange 外汇F.O.C. free of charge 免费 FE future exchange 远期外汇FOCUS Financial and Operations CombinedUniform Single Report 财务经营综合报告 FF French franc 法国法郎fib free into barge 驳船上的交货价 FOK fill or kill 要么买进或卖出，要么取消 FIBC financial institution buyer credit FOR free on rail (or road) 铁路或(公路)上交货价 policy 金融机构买方信贷险FIFO first in, first out 先进先出法 for\'d., fwd forward; forwarded 转递 fin. stadg.(stndg.) financial standing 资信FOREX foreign exchange 外汇状况FOS free on steamer 蒸汽船上交货(价) fin. stat. (F/S) financial statement 财务报FOUO for official use only 仅用于公事表FOW, f. o. w. free on wagon (启运站)火车fin.yr. financial year 财政年度上交货(价)FINA following items not available 以下项目FOX Futures and Options Exchange 期货和期权不可获得交易所FIO free in and out 自由进出FP floating policy 浮动政策 F. I. T free of income tax 免交所得税FP fully paid 已全付的 fl. florin 盾FRA forward rate agreement 远期利率协议 FLG finance lease guarantee 金融租赁担保FRCD floating rate certificate of deposit 浮flt. flat 无利息动利率存单frt., frgt. forward 期货、远期合约 G. A. general agent 总代理商、总代理人 free case no charge for case 免费事例 GA go ahead 办理、可行 FREF fixed rate export finance 固定利率出口GAAP general Accepted Accounting Principles融资通用会计准则frt. & grat. freight and gratuity 运费及酬GAAS Generally Accepted Auditing Standard 通金用审计标准GAC General Administration of Customs 海关总Frt. fwd freight forward 运费待付署Frt. ppd freight prepaid 运费已付gal., gall gallon 加仑 FS final settlement 最后结算gas. gasoline 汽油FSR feasibility study report 可行性研究报告GATT General Agreement on Tariffs andFTW free trade wharf 码头交易 Trade 关税及贸易总协定 FTZ free trade zone 自由贸易区 GCL government concessional loan 政府优惠贷款fut. futures 期货、将来GDP gross domestic product 国内生产总值 FV face value 面值gds. goods 商品、货物 FVA fair value accounting 合理价值法GJ general journal 普通日记帐 FWD forward (exchange) contract 远期合约GL general ledger 总分类帐 F.X. foreign exchange 外汇gm. gram(s) 克FX broker foreign exchange broker 外汇经纪人GMP graduated payment mortgage 递增付款按揭 fxd fixed 固定的GND gross national demand 国民总需求 FXRN fixed rate note 定息票据GNE gross national expeditures 国民支出总额 FY fiscal year (financial year) 财政(务)年度 GNP gross national product 国民生产总值 fy. pd. fully paid 全部付讫 GOFO gold forward rate 黄金远期利率 FYI for your information 供您参考GP gross profit 毛利g gallon; grain; gram (s); gold 加仑;格令;GPP general purchasing power 总购买能力克; 金HSCPI Hang Seng Consumer Price Index 恒生消gr. (grs.) wt. gross weight 毛重费价格指数GR gross revenue 毛收入HSI Hang Seng Index 恒生指数 GS gross sales 销售总额hwevr. however 无论如何 GSP generalised system of preferences 普惠制 Hz hertz 赫兹GTM good this month 本月有效 I. A. intangible assets 无形资产 GTW good this week 本星期有效 I & A inventory and allocations 库存和分配IAS International Accounting Standard 国际HAB house air bill 航空托运单会计标准HAWB house air waybill 航空托运单IB investment banking 投资银行(业) HCA historical cost accounting 历史成本会计I. B. invoice book 发票簿 hdqrs. headquarters 总部IBA International Bank Association 国际银hg. hectogram 一百公克行家协会HIBOR Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate 香港IBBR interbank bid rate 银行间报价利率银行同业拆借利率I. B. I invoice book inward 购货发票簿 hifo highest-in, first-out 高入先出法IBNR incurred but not reported 已发生未报告 H. in D. C. holder in due course 正当持票人I. B. O. invoice book outward 销货发票簿 Hi-Q high quality 高质量IBOR inter-bank offered rate 银行间的拆借利HIRCS high interest rate currencies 高利率货率币ICB international competitive bidding 国际竞hi-tech high technology 高技术标HKD Hong Kong dollar 香港元 ICIA International Credit Insurance Association 国际信用保险协会 HKI Hong Kong Index 香港指数ICJ International Court of Justice 国际法庭 hl. hectoliter 百升ICM international capital market 国际资本市hldg. holding 控股场Hon'd honored 如期支付的ICONs index currency option notes 指数货币incldg. including 包含期权票据inl. haul inland haulage 内陆运输费用 ICOR incremental capital-output ratio 资本-INLO in lieu of 代替产出增量比Ins, ins. insurance 保险 I. C. U. International Code Used 国际使用的电码inst. instant 即期、分期付款 IDB industrial development bond 工业发展债券Instal., instal. installment 分期付款 IDB Inter-American Development Bank 泛美开发Int., int. interest 利息银行inv., Inv. invoice 发票、付款通知 IDB inter-dealer broker 交易商之间经纪人in trans (I. T.) in transit. 在(运输)途中 IDC intangible development cost 无形开发成本inv.doc./attach. invoice with documentattached 附提货单的发票 IDR international depositary receipt 国际寄存单据Inv\'t., invt. inventory 存货 IE indirect export 间接出口I-O input-output 输入--输出 I. F. insufficient fund 存款不足IOU I owe you 借据IFB invitation for bids 招标邀请IOV inter-office voucher 内部传票 I. G. imperial gallon 英制加仑IPN industrial promissory note 工业汇票 IL, I/L import licence 进口许可证IPO initial public offering 首次发售股票 ILC irrevocable letter of credit 不可撤销信IQ import quota 进口配额用证IR Inland Revenue 国内税收 IMF International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织 I. R. inward remittance 汇入款项 imp. import 进口，输入 IRA individual retirement account 个人退休金帐户 Inc. incorporated 注册(有限)公司IRA interest rate agreement 利率协议 incl. inclusive 包括在内IRR interest rate risk 利率风险 incldd. included 已包含在内IRR internal rate of return 内部收益率irred. irredeemable 不可赎回的 kv kilovolt 千伏 IRS interest rate swap 利率调期 kw kilowatt 千瓦 IS International System 公制度量衡 KWH kilowatt-hour 千瓦小时 ISIC International Standard Industrial L listed (securities) (证券)上市 Classification 国际标准产业分类L., (Led.) ledger 分类帐 IT information technology 信息技术L. lira 里拉IT international tolerance 国际允许误差L. liter 公升I/T income tax 所得税L. A. (L/A) letter of authority 授权书 ITC investment tax credit 投资税收抵免L. A. liquid assets 流动资产 ITO International Trade Organization 国际贸L. B. letter book 书信备查簿易组织LB licensed bank 许可银行 ITS intermarket trading system 跨市场交易系统lb pound 磅 IV investment value 投资价值LC (L/C) letter of credit 信用证 J., Jour. journal 日记帐LCL/FCL less than container load/fullcontainer load 拼装/整拆 J. A. (J/A) joint account 联合(共管)帐簿LCL/LCL less than container load/less than J. D. B. journal day-book 分类日记帐container load 拼装/拼拆 J/F, j/f journal folio 日记帐页数L.& D. loans and discounts 放款及贴现 J. V. joint venture 合资经营企业L&D loss and damage 损失和损坏 J. V. journal voucher 分录凭单ldg. loading 装(卸)货 JVC joint venture company 合资公司L/F ledger folio 分类帐页数 K. D. knocked down 拆散LG letter of guarantee 保函 K. D. knocked down price 成交价格Li. liability 负债 kg kilogram 千克LI letter of interest (intent) 意向书 kilom. kilometer 千米lifo (LIFO) last in, first out 后进先出法L. I. P. (LIP) life insurance policy 人寿保M/C marginal credit 信贷限额险单m/c metallic currency 金属货币 LIRCs low interest rate currencies 低利率货MCA mutual currency account 共同货币帐户币MCP mixed credit program 混合信贷计划 L/M list of materials 材料清单M/d months after deposit 出票后......月 LMT local mean time 当地标准时间M. D. maturity date 到期日 LRP limited recourse project 有限追索项目M. D. (M/D) memorandum of deposit 存款(放)LRPF limited recourse project financing 有限单追索项目融资M. D. malicious damage 恶意损坏 l. s. lump sum 一次付款总额mdse. merchandise 商品 l. s. t. local standard time 当地标准时间MEI marginal efficiency of investment 投资的LT long term 长期边际效率Ltd. limited 有限(公司)mem. memorandum 备忘录 m million 百万MERM multilateral exchange rate model 多边汇M matured bond 到期的债券率模型M mega- 百万 M. F. mutual funds 共同基金 M milli- 千分之一 MF mezzanine financing 过渡融资 m. meter, mile 米、英里 mfg. manufacturing 制造的 M&A merger & acquisition 兼并收购 MFN most favoured nations 最惠国 MA my account 本人帐户 mfrs. manufacturers 制造商 Mat. maturity 到期日 mg milligram 毫克 Max., max maximum 最大量 M/I marine insurance 海险M. B. memorandum book 备忘录 micro one millionth part 百万分之一 MBB mortgage-backed bonds 抵押支持的债券 min minimum 最低值、最小量 MBO management by objectives 目标管理 MIP monthly investment plan 月度投资计划MRO maintenance, repair and operation 维护、Mk mark 马克修理及操作mks. marks 商标MRP manufacturer\'s recommended price 厂商mkt. market 市场推荐价格MLR minimum lending rate 最低贷款利率 MRP material requirement planning 原料需求计划MLTG medium-and-long-term guarantee 中长期担保 MRP monthly report of progress 进度月报 M. M. money market 货币市场 MRR maintenance, repair and replace 维护、修理和替换mm millimeter 毫米M/s months of sight 见票后.......月 MMDA money market deposit account 货币市场存款帐户 msg message 留言MMI major market index 主要市场指数 MT medium term 中期 MNC multinational corporation 跨(多)国公M/T mail transfer 信汇司mthly monthly 每月 MNE multinational enterprise 跨国公司MTI medium-term insurance 中期保险 MO (M. O.) money order 汇票MTN medium-term note 中期票据 mo. month 月MTU metric unit 米制单位 MOS management operating system 经营管理制度o order 订单Mos. months 月o. (O.) offer 发盘、报价 MP market price 市价OA open account 赊帐、往来帐 M/P months after payment 付款后......月o/a on account of 记入......帐户 MPC marginal propensity to consume 边际消费倾向 o. a. overall 全面的、综合的OAAS operational accounting and analysis Mrge.(mtg. ) mortgage 抵押system 经营会计分析制 MRJ materials requisition journal 领料日记帐 OB other budgetary 其他预算O. B. ordinary business 普通业务O. B. (O/B) order book 订货簿 OS out of stock 无现货 OB/OS index overbought/oversold index 超买O/s outstanding 未清偿、未收回的超卖指数O. T. overtime 加班 OBV on-balance volume 持平数量法OTC over-the -counter market 市场外交易市场 o. c. over charge 收费过多OVA overhead variance analysis 间接费用差异分析 OC open cover 预约保险o/d, o. d.,(O. D.) overdrawn 透支 OW offer wanted 寻购启示OWE optimum working efficiency 最佳工作效OD overdraft 透支率O/d on demand 见票即付oz ounce(s) 盎司 O. E. (o. e. ) omission excepted 遗漏除外ozws. otherwise 否则 O. F. ocean freight 海运费p penny; pence; per 便士;便士;每 OFC open for cover 预约保险P paid this year 该年(红利)已付 O. G. ordinary goods 中等品p. pint 品托(1/8加仑) O. G. L. Open General License 不限额进口许P.A. particular average; power of attorney 单可证损;委托书独海OI original issue 原始发行P.A. personal account; private account 个OII overseas investment insurance 海外投资人账户、私人账户保险p.a., per ann. per annum 每年 ok. all correct 全部正确P&A professional and administrative 职业的o. m. s. output per manshift 每人每班产量和管理的O. P. old price 原价格 P&I clause protection and indemnityclause 保障与赔偿条款 O. P. open policy 不定额保险单P&L profit and loss 盈亏，损益 opp opposite 对方P/A payment of arrival 货到付款 opt. optional 可选择的P/C price catalog; price current 价格目录;ord. ordinary 普通的现行价格P.P.I. policy proof of interest 凭保证单证P/E price/earning 市盈率明的保险利益P/H pier-to-house 从码头到仓库POE port of entry 报关港口 P/N promissory note 期票，本票POP advertising point-of-purchaseP/P posted price (股票等)的牌价 advertising 购物点广告 PAC put and call 卖出和买入期权 POR pay on return 收益 pat. patent 专利 PR payment received 付款收讫 PAYE pay as you earn 所得税预扣法 PS postscript 又及PAYE pay as you enter 进入时支付 PV par value; present value 面值;现值PBT profit before taxation 税前利润 q. quarto 四开，四开本 pc piece; prices 片，块;价格 Q. quantity 数量pcl. parcel 包裹 QB qualified buyers 合格的购买者 pd paid 已付 QC quality control 质量控制 per pro. per procurationem (拉丁)由...代QI quarterly index 季度指数理qr. quarter 四分之一，一刻钟 PF project finance 项目融资QT questioned trade 有问题交易 PFD preferred stock 优先股QTIB Qualified Terminal Interest Propertypk peck 配克(1/4蒲式耳) Trust 附带可终止权益的财产信托 PMO postal money order 邮政汇票 quad. quadruplicate 一式四份中的一份 P.O.C. port of call 寄航港，停靠地 quotn. quotation 报价 P.O.D. place of delivery 交货地点 q.v. quod vide (which see) 参阅 P.O.D. port of destination; port of discharge q.y. query 查核目的港;卸货港R option not traded 没有进行交易的期权 P.O.R. payable on receipt 货到付款R. response; registered; return 答复;已注册;P.P. payback period (投资的)回收期收益r. rate; rupee; ruble 比率;卢比;卢布RAD research and development 研究和开发 REP import replacement 进口替代REP Office representative office 代办处，代RAM diverse annuity mortgage 逆向年金抵押表处RAN revenue anticipation note 收入预期债券REPO, repu, RP Repurchase Agreement 再回购R&A rail and air 铁路及航空运输协议R&D research and development 研究与开发 req. requisition 要货单，请求 R&T rail and truck 铁路及卡车运输 REVOLVER revolving letter of credit 循环信用证R&W rail and water 铁路及水路运输REWR read and write 读和写 R/A refer to acceptor 洽询(汇票)承兑人RIEs recognized investment exchanges 认可R/D refer to drawer (银行)洽询出票人的投资交易(所)RB regular budget 经常预算 Rl roll 卷RCA relative comparative advantage 相对比较RLB restricted license bank 有限制牌照银行优势RM remittance 汇款RCMM registered competitive market maker 注册的竞争市场自营商 rm room 房间rcvd. received 已收到 RMB RENMINBI 人民币，中国货币 r.d. running days=consecutive days 连续日 RMS Royal Mail Steamer 皇家邮轮 RDTC registered deposit taking company 注册RMSD Royal Mail Special Delivery 皇家邮政专接受存款公司递Re. subject 主题 RMT Rail and Maritime Transport Union 铁路海运联盟re. with reference to 关于ROA return on asset 资产回报率 RECEIVED B/L received for shipment bill of lading 待装云提单 ROC return on capital 资本收益率 REER real effective exchange rate 实效汇率 ROE return on equity 股本回报率 ref. referee; reference; refer(red) 仲裁者;ROI return on investment 投资收益裁判;参考;呈递ROP registered option principal 记名期权本REO real estate owned 拥有的不动产金ro-ro roll-on/roll-off vessel 滚装船 SA semi-annual payment 半年支付ROS return on sales 销售收益率 SA South Africa 南非RPB Recognized Professional Body 认可职业(投SAA special arbitrage account 特别套作账户资)机构SAB special assessment bond 特别估价债券 RPI retail price index 零售物价指数sae stamped addressed envelope 已贴邮票、写RPM resale price maintenance 零售价格维持措好地址的信封施(计划)SAFE State Administration of Foreignrpt. repeat 重复 Exchange 国家外汇管理局SAIC State Administration for Industry and RRP Reverse Repurchase Agreement 逆回购协议Commerce (中国)国家工商行政管理局 RSL rate sensitive liability 利率敏感性债务SAP Statement of Auditing Procedure 《审计程RSVP please reply 请回复序汇编》RT Royalty Trust 特权信托 SAR Special Administrative Region 特别行政区 RTM registered trade mark 注册商标 SAS Statement of Auditing Standard 《审计准则汇编》Rto ratio 比率SASE self-addressed stamped envelope 邮资RTO round trip operation 往返作业已付有回邮地址的信封RTS rate of technical substitution 技术替SAT (China) State Administration of Taxation代率 (中国)国家税务局RTW right to work 工作权利 SATCOM satellite communication 卫星通讯RUF revolving underwriting facility 循环式包SB short bill 短期国库券;短期汇票销安排SB sales book; saving bond; savings bank 售RYL referring to your letter 参照你方来信货簿;储蓄债券;储蓄银行 RYT referring to your telex 参照你方电传 SBC Swiss Bank Corp. 瑞士银行公司 S no option offered 无期权出售 SBIC Small Business InvestmentCorporation 小企业投资公司 S split or stock divided 拆股或股息SBIP small business insurance policy 小型企S signed 已签字业保险单s second; shilling 秒;第二;先令SBLI Savings Bank Life Insurance 储蓄银行人SEATO Southeast Asia Treaty Organization 东南亚公约组织寿保险SBN Standard Book Number 标准图书号 sec second(ary); secretary 第二，次级;秘书 SC sales contract 销售合同 t time; temperature 时间;温度sc scilicet namely 即 T. ton; tare 吨;包装重量，皮重TA telegraphic address=cable address 电报挂SC supplier credit 卖方信贷号SCF supplier credit finance 卖方信贷融资TA total asset 全部资产，资产 Sch schilling (奥地利)先令TA trade acceptance 商业承兑票据 SCIRR special CIRR 特别商业参考利率TA transfer agent 过户转账代理人 SCL security characteristic line 证券特征TAB tax anticipation bill (美国)预期抵税线国库券SCORE special claim on residual equity 对剩TACPF tied aid capital projects fund 援助联余财产净值的特别要求权系的资本项目基金SD standard deduction 标准扣除额TAF tied aid financing 援助性融资 SDB special district bond 特区债券TAL traffic and accident loss (保险)交通SDBL sight draft, bill of lading attached 即和意外事故损失期汇票，附带提货单TAT truck-air-truck 陆空联运 SDH synchronous digital hierarchy 同步数字系TB treasury bond, treasury bill 国库券，国库统债券SDR straight discount rate 直线贴现率T.B. trial balance 试算表 SDRs special drawing rights 特别提款权t.b.a. to be advised; to be agreed; to beSE shareholders' equity 股东产权 announced; to be arranged 待通知;待同意;待宣布;待安排SE Stock Exchange 股票交易所t.b.d. to be determined 待(决定) SEA Single European Act 《单一欧洲法案》TBD policy to be declared policy 预保单，待SEAF Stock Exchange Automatic Exchange 报保险单Facility 股票交易所自动交易措施TBL through bill of lading 联运提单，直达提TESSA Tax Exempt Special Savings Account 免税特别储蓄帐户单TBV trust borrower vehicle 信托借款人工具(公TEU twenty-foot-equipment unit (货柜、集装箱)20英尺当量单位司)TBW Thompson Bankwatch, a rating agent 托马TF trade finance 贸易融资逊银行评估公司t.f. till forbid 直到取消为止 TC tariff circular 关税通报tgm. telegram 电报TC telegraph collation 校对电报three T's type, terms, technique 交易三要素，T.C. traveler's check 旅行支票即交易类型，交易条件，销售技术thro., thru. through 经由，通过 TCI trade credit insurance 贸易信用保险TCIC technical credit insurance consultants Thu. Thursday 星期四技术信用保险顾问TIP to insure promptness 确保迅速 TCM traditional Chinese medicine 中国传统医TIR carnet Transports Internationaux Routier 学，中医(法国)国际公路运输证TD time deposit 定期存款U, U. unit; United 单位;联合的;联合(公司) TD Treasury Department (美国)财政部U.K./Cont. United Kingdom or Continent 英国TDA Trade Development Authority 贸易发展当局或欧洲大陆(港口)TDC technical development corporation 技术开U.L.C.C. ultra large crude carrier 超大型油发公司轮TDC Trade Development Council (香港)贸易u/c. undercharge 不足的价钱，少讨的价钱发展局U/W, UW underwriters 保险公司，承销人 TDR Treasury Deposit Receipt 国库券存据Uberrimae fidei of the utmost good faith 最Tech technical 技术的诚信的Tel. telephone number 电话号码 UBS Union Bank of Switzerland 瑞士联合银行 telecom telecommunications 通讯 UGT, ugt urgent (电报用语)急电，加急 temp temperature; temporary (secretary) 温UIT Unit Investment Trust 单位投资信托度;临时(秘书)Ull. ullage 缺量，损耗Ultra vires beyond the powers of 超过......VE value engineering 价值工程的权限(有限公司)Veep Vice president 副总裁 undelvd. undelivered 未装运的VER voluntary export restraint 自愿出口限制 unkwn. unknown. 未知的Ves. vessel 船舶UNSYM unsymmetrical 不对称的via. through, by way of 经由，通过 UPC Uniform Practice Code 《统一作法法典》vid vide (see) (拉丁)参看，请看 ur. your 你的VIP Very Important Person 贵宾 USD United States dollar 美元vis major (拉丁)不可抗力 USIT Unit Share Investment Trust 单位股投资viz. videlicet, namely (拉丁)即，也就是信托VL value line investment survey 价值线投资概UT universal time 世界标准时间，格林威治时间览法UV under voltage; ultraviolet 电压不足;紫外V-mail video-mail 声像电子邮讯系统线VOD video on demand 交互电视技术系统 v refer to 参见vol. volume 量，额，本，卷，容积 v., vs versus (拉丁)对voy. voyage 航海，航程 V Roman 5; victory; volt (罗马数字)5;胜利;(电压)伏VQA vendor quality assurance 售主质量保证 V.A. value analysis 价值分析VQC vendor quality certification 售主质量确认 VAB vertical assembly building 垂直装配建筑物VQD vendor quality defect 售主质量缺陷 vac vacation 假期VRM variable rate mortgage 可变利率抵押 vac. vacant (职位)空缺，(旅馆、公寓)空VS/N vendor serial number 售主系列号房间VSI vendor shipping instruction 售主船运说VAT value added tax 增值税明VC Vice Chairman; Vice Chancellor; Vice ConsulVSO Voluntary Service Overseas 海外义务服副主席;副首相;副总理;副领事务VD volume deleted 勾销的数量VSQ very special quality 特级质量VSSP vendor standard settlement program 售WCO World Customs Organization 世界海关组织主标准程序结算WD when distributed (股票)发售时交割 VTC Voting Trust Certificate 股东投票权信托wd. warrented (品质)保证的证书wdth. width 广度，宽度 VTP vendor test program 售主检测计划Wed Wednesday 星期三 VTR video tape record 录像带录像WEF World Economic Forum 世界经济论坛 W weight ton; winter mark for load line; won 重量吨;(船舶)冬季装载线标记;(韩国)元W.E.T. Western European Time 西欧时间，即格林尼治时间 W., w. warehouse; watt; weight; width; week 仓库;瓦特;钟量;宽;星期wf. wharf 码头W.A. with average 水渍险，保单独海损险WFOE wholly foreign owned enterprises 外资独资企业 W.A.C.C.C. Worldwide Air Cargo Commodity Classfication 全球空运商品分类W.G., w.g. weight guaranteed 保证质量 W.A.I.O.P. W.A. irrespective of percentageWH watt-hour 每小时瓦特单独海损不计免赔率，单独海损全赔WHO World Health Organization 世界卫生组织 WAEC West African Economic Community 西非经济共同体whs, whse. warehouse 仓库 WAG wagon 卡车whsle wholesale 批发WAN Wide Area Networks 泛区网络WI when issued (股票)发行时交割 WASH Washington; washer 华盛顿;洗衣机WIP work in progress=goods in progress 在制品 WB, W.B. waybill 运送单wk week; work 星期;工作 WB World Bank 世界银行Wky. weekly 每星期的，周刊 W.B. water ballast (以)水压载，水压舱wmk watermark 水印 W.B.S. without benefit to/of salvage 不享有获救财产的利益Wmk. water mark 水位标记 w.c., W.C. without charge; water closet 免费;WOC without compensation 无补偿洗手间WP weather permitting; word processing 天气WCG working capital guarantee 流动资金担保允许;文字处理X Roman 10; a kiss; an unknown number, thing, W.P. without prejudice 不损害(当事人)权利name, etc. (罗马数字)10;一吻;未知数(物、W.P.A. with particular average=with average 名等等)水渍险X. ten; X; out of 十;X;在外 W.P.M. words per minute (电传)每分钟字数x.a. ex all 无所有权益 W.P.P. waterproof paper packing 防潮纸包装x.b., xb; XB ex bonus; extra budgetary 不附W.R. war risk 战争险 (本期)红利;预算外的 W.R.=W.W. warehouse receipt=warehouse warrant X.C., X. cp. ex coupon 无息债券仓单，仓库收据x.d. ex distribution 不包括(下期股息或红利)Wrap worldwide receivables assurance 分配protection 全球应收账款担保措施X-Dis ex-distribution 无分销 WT warrant (股票)认证股X. d., X. div. ex dividend 未付红利 WT watertight (包、盒)不漏水的，防水的X-efficiency X效率 WT, W/T wireless telegraphy, wireless telephone 无线电报;无线电话 XI, X. in, X. int. ex interest 利息除外 wt., wgt. weight 重量 XL extra large; extra long 特大;特长 WTO World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织 Xm., X'mas Christmas 圣诞节X-mark a signature "X"符号签字(盲人或受伤W/Tax withholding tax 预扣税的人可以画"X"作为签字) WW warehouse warrant; with warrants 仓库保证;附认股权 Xn Christian 基督的w/w wall-to-wall 覆盖全部地面的(地毯) XN, XW ex-warrant 除证 W/W warehouse-to-warehouse 仓至仓 X.n., X. new ex new 无权要求新股 W/W clause warehouse-to-warehouse clause 仓X.P. expres paye=extra message paid 额外通至仓条款讯费付讫;已令函奉上www worldwide web 万维网，全球计算机网 XR, x.r. ex -right 无优惠权认购新股，除权 X ten dollars (美国俚语)10美元 XS extra small 特小 X ex-interest 无利息 Xtry. extraordinary 非常的，临时的XXX international emergency signal 国际紧急ZIP code 邮政编码信号Z. P. G. zero population growth 人口零增长Y ex-dividend and sales in full 不计红利，全ZR zero coupon issue 零息发行数出售zswk this week 本周 Y Yen 元(日本货币单位)ZT zone time 区时 Y Yuan 元(中国货币单位)Z-Time Zebra time=GMT 格林威治时间 y yard; year; yen 码(三英尺);年;日元 Y.A.R. York-Antwerp Rules 约克-安特卫普规则(海险)YB, yrbk yearbook 年报，年鉴y'day, yest. yesterday 昨天YLD yield 收益YOB year of birth 出生年份YOD year of death 死亡年份YOM year of marriage 结婚年份yo-yo stock "悠悠"股票(波动大、不稳定的高价特种股票)yr year; your 年;你的YTB yield to broker 经济商收益YTC yield to (first) call 至通知赎回时收益 YTM yield to maturity 全期收益，到期收益 z zero; zone 零;区ZBA zero bracket amount 零基数预算法 ZBB zero-based budgeting 零基数预算法，免税金额，免征点ZDD zero defect program 无缺陷计划。

TOEIC-新托业-词汇-汇总TOEIC Vocabulary 1-Ads for Joboccupation 职位vacancy 空位business office 办公室pay 待遇leave 休假head office 总公司branch office 分公司sales department 业务部accounting department 会计部promotion 升迁demotion 降级sign up 签雇用合约dismissal 解雇president 董事长general manager 总经理supervisor 总管a letter of recommendation 推荐信bonus 分红commute 通勤Applications must arrive no later than 申请函必须在……之前到达Applications should be postmarked no latter than 申请函上邮戳在……之前有效inflation-linked pay increase 通货膨胀连动型调薪is considered 是可考虑得is preferred 认为……比较好is required 是必须的is negotiable 是可商谈的labor management 劳工管理labor market 劳工市场Master of Business Administration 工商管理学硕士names of reference 保证人opening 空缺part-time position 兼职工作prior experience 过去的经历renewable for only once 仅可延长一次的合同salary is competitive 高薪transit 中转transportation 运输the position is un-renewable 此职位无法延长（合同）short-listed applicants 初审合格者inter-office memo 公司内部便条billboard告示牌TOEICVocabulary-Announcement & Informationspecial offer 特卖fare change 价格变动arrival of a guest 贵宾来访across-the-broad 全盘的admission fee 入场费air fare 航空费用assembly 议会attraction 吸引人之物claim 主张collapse 瓦解condition 条件、状况current fare 现行价格deficit-ridden 受举债之苦的evidence 证据explicitly 明确指出地fare hike 价格波动warrant 权限fare reduction 降价harbinger 预兆implicitly 暗含的inconclusively 味觉状态的water rates 水费provisional 暂时的=tentativelyrequirement 必要条件reveal 损失，透露room charge 住房费scapegoat 替罪TOEICvisitor 客队ticket agency 售票处underdog 败方win the contest 获胜goalkeeper 守门员defense 后卫jersey 运动衫TOEIC Vocabulary-Statistical Figuresbank account balance 银行的存款real estate transaction 房地产交易credit card 信用卡utilities 水电气费currency exchange 货币兑换as long as 只要as many as 多达as much as 和……一样多checking account 活期存款acute 敏锐的affluent 丰富的approval rating 支持率be on the increase 增加中death of 缺乏……death toll 死亡人数fast fading 急速消失hamper 阻碍，抑制long-standing 经年累月的long-term 长期的money marketing account 利息高、每月开支票数有限制的存款账户mortgage 抵押out of control 失去控制out of one's reach 力所不能及之处preliminary standard 预选标准prestigious 有名声的prospect 预估recession 衰退，不景气record 记录soar 上升，突破short-term 短期的surpass 超越special supplement 特别附录under control 在控制中vicinity 临近TOEIC Vocabulary-Statistics Graphbar graph 条线图line graph 曲线图pie graph 扇形图opinion survey 民意调查demographics 人口统计exchange rate 汇率变化birth rate 出生率approval rate 支持率findings 调查结果advanced age 高龄alternative 替代性amount to 达到……at the age of 在……岁时campaign 活动covert 秘密的，（反）overt 公开的in contrast to 与……相反的in search of 搜索juvenile delinquency 少年犯罪prevalent 盛行的prior to 先于probe 严密的调查problematic 有问题的projections 预测，推测reception 接受register a drop 显现出下降情况replacement 替代screening 试镜successive 相继的unstable 不安定的suspension 暂时中止tabulation 表格take a pool 进行民意调查widespread 广泛普及的witness 目击者tumultuous 激昂的turnout 集合的人群TOEIC Vocabulary-Travel line 铁路线passenger car 客车厢freight car 货车厢dining car 餐车厢conductor 乘务员express train 快车local train 慢车junction 列车枢纽站transfer 转乘on/behind/ahead of schedule 准时/晚点/提前one-way trip ticket 单程票round-trip ticket 往返票lane 车道turnpike 收费高速公路shortcut 捷径cut corners 抄近路traffic jam 交通堵塞air turbulence 乱流arrivals 到达aviation sources 航空信息来源back round trip ticket 返程票crew 机组成员cumulonimbus 积雨云currency exchange 货币兑换departures 处罚航班evacuate 撤退go off on a trip 外出旅行have tires punctured 爆胎intersection 交叉路口non-refundable 不可退款的non-stop 直达车on board 乘（船、飞机等）opposite side 相反方向out-of-court settlement 庭外和解out-of-service train 回程车overbook 超过既定预约人数passenger jetliners 喷气式客机derail 脱轨reconfirmation 再确认service charge 服务费subway 地铁trespass in national airspace 侵犯领空trek 长途跋涉之旅TOEIC Vocabulary-TV & Radioaccused 被告adult 成年人allegedly 据称a stay of executive 缓刑aviation history 航空史break out in 在……发生casualty 死伤者collide with 与……冲撞crack 龟裂crash 坠机damages 损害赔偿金defendant 被告derail 脱轨devastating 破坏性的drawing 抽签emergency landing 紧急迫降inheritance 继承has been missing 行踪不明hit 袭击fire 火灾jolt 晃动lawyer 律师lottery 彩票minor 未成年人official communique 正式公报plaintiff 原告，起诉者prosecution 起诉property 财产rock （地震等）前后摇晃run into 冲撞the second worst disaster 第二严重的灾难take place 发生TOEIC Vocabulary-Weather Reportshower 阵雨storm 暴风雨rainstorm 雨暴rainfall 降雨量rain cats and dogs 倾盆大雨hail 冰雹lightening rod 避雷针fog 雾sleet 雨夹雪heavy snowfall 大雪blizzard 大风雪breeze 微风tornado 龙卷风wind velocity 风速temperature 气温thermometer 温度计humidity 湿度atmospheric pressure 气压flood 洪水avalanche 雪崩Antarctic 南极Arctic 北极be spawned 发生（台风等）blast of cold air 冷空气来袭central barometric reading 中心气压chill 寒气的cold wave 寒流crisp 舒爽的exploration 探险队heat wave breaks 热浪消失heavy fog 浓雾it's raining hard 雨正下得大Meteorological Agency 气象局mild winter 暖冬rain cloud 雨云photochemical smog 光化学烟雾scorching 酷热的snowstorm 暴风雪sizzling （水滚热时的）嘶嘶声summery 夏季的taper off 逐渐停止tropical depression 热带低气压typhoon area 台风圈visibility 可见度warm current 暖流weather station 气象台weatherperson 天气预报员wintry 冬天般的shape up 成型，发展fair sky 美丽的天空spell 意味着light wind 轻风muggy 闷热的precipitation 雨量TOEIC Vocabulary 2 About Accountingaccountant n.会计(员), 会计师CPA: Certified Public Accountantaudit n.审计, 稽核, 查帐vt.稽核, 旁听vi.查账auditor n.审计员, 核数师financial statements 财务报表income statement(P/L) 损益表profit and loss balance sheet (B/S) 资产平衡表cash flow statement (C/S) 现金流量表close the book结算表cut-off date 结算日transaction 交易profit/ loss 利益/损失net 净gross 总的GDPsales 销售gross margin 毛利，总利润general and administrative expense 一般管理费operating income 营业利润earning 收益revenue 收入expense 费用pre-tax 税前tax provison 税金bottom line 最终损益inventory 库存credit 信用accounts receivable 应收账款accounts payable 应付账款depreciation n.贬值, 减价, 跌落, 折旧amortization n.摊销,摊还,分期偿付n.分期偿还write off 注销，取消cash equivalents 现金等价物asset 资产liability 负债stockholder’s equity 股东资产currrent asset/fixed asset 流动资产/固定资产contingency n.偶然, 可能性, 意外事故, 可能发生的附带事件retained earnings剩余资金off balance 不平衡，账外undervalue低估turnover 周转accrual basis 发生制cash basis 现金制consolidated 加固的；整理过的；统一的tax-effect 征税效应window dressing n. 橱窗装饰About Financefiscal year 财年quarter 季度term n.学期, 期限, 期间, 条款, 条件, 术语financial adj.财政的, 金融的budget n.预算vi.做预算, 编入预算profit margin n. 利润率，利润profitable adj.有利可图的mark up 标高价格gain n.财物的增加, 财富的获取, 利润, 腰槽, 收获operating expense营业费用overhead 一般管理费用purchasing expense 购买费用expenditure 支出，经费rent of premises 企业租赁费billing invoicing 记帐retrench vt.紧缩, 节约, 减少, 删除, 给...筑围墙vi.紧缩, 节省cost 成本，花费direct cost/indirect cost 直接成本/间接成本unit cost 单价debt n.债务, 罪过principal n.负责人, 首长, 校长, 主犯, 本金adj.主要的, 首要的interest rate 利率default n.默认(值), 缺省(值), 食言, 不履行责任, v.疏怠职责, 缺席, 拖欠, 默认dividend n.被除数, 股息, 红利, 额外津贴, 奖金, 年息return 利润rate of return 利润率loan-lossprovisions/bad-loan provisions 坏账准备About Companypublic-held corporation 上市公司small to medium companies 中小企业moms and pops 家族企业start-up company 初创企业angel 个人投资者incubator n.培养的器具, 孵卵器, 早产儿保育器corporation 企业enterprise 企业firm 公司affiliate company 关联企业headquarters 总部subsidiary 子公司wholly-owned 全资的branch 分部arm 分店，子公司parent company 父公司holding company 控股公司conglomerate 联合体joint venture 合资企业franchiser n.经销商, 代销商consortium n.社团, 协会, 联盟department n.部, 局,处, 科, 部门, 系, 学部division 部门found v.建立, 创立, 创办, 使有根据, 铸造, 熔制establish vt.建立, 设立, 安置, 使定居, 使人民接受, 确定v.建立incorporate adj.合并的, 结社的, 一体化的articles of incorporation 企业条款industry n.工业, 产业, 行业, 勤奋sector n.部分, 部门, [计]扇区, 地区, 象限, 扇形global reach adj.球形的, 全球的, 全世界的multinational adj.多国的, 跨国公司的, 多民族的n.多国籍公司, 跨国公司local partner 当地合作伙伴be located in 位于expansion n.扩充, 开展, 膨胀, 扩张物, 辽阔, 浩瀚leading adj.领导的, 第一位的, 最主要的organization n.组织, 机构, 团体institution n.公共机构, 协会, 制度About Management competitive edge 竞争优势key player 核心选手，主力monopoly n.垄断, 垄断者, 专利权, 专利事业advantage n.优势, 有利条件, 利益market share 市场份额collaboration n.协作, 通敌marketing n.行销, 买卖product portfolio 产品目录range n.山脉, 行列, 范围, 射程strategy n.策略, 军略tactics n.战术, 策略target market 目标市场core business 核心业务core competence 核心能力synergy (=synergism)协同, 配合, 企业合并后的协力优势或协合作用alliance n.联盟, 联合mergers and acquistions (M & A) 并购takeover n. 接收；接管TOB (Takeover bid) 股票公开买卖MBO (management buy-out) 买下产权，买下管理权viable adj.能养活的, 能生育的, 可行的profitable adj.有利可图的break-even point 平衡点lucrative adj.有利的turn around 扭转，翻转streamline adj.流线型的realignment n.重新排列, 再结盟consolidation n.巩固, 合并rationalize v.合理化restructure vt.更改结构, 重建构造, 调整, 改组diversify v.使多样化, 作多样性的投资spinoff n.将子公司股票分配给母公司股东disclosure n.揭发, 败露, 败露的事情accountability n.有责任, 有义务, 可说明性solvent adj.溶解的, 有偿付能力的, 有溶解力n.溶媒, 溶剂, 解决方法collapse n.倒塌, 崩溃, 失败, 虚脱vi.倒塌, 崩溃, 瓦解, 失败, 病倒go bust失败破产完蛋ailing adj.生病的, 境况不佳的liquidate v.清算shut down 关闭commerce n.商业feasibility study n.可行性研究performance n.履行, 执行, 成绩, 性能, 表演, 演奏due diligence 资产调查letter of intent 意向书About Board Membersboard of directorsChief Operating Officer (COO)Chief Financial Officer (CFO)Chief Executive Officer (CEO)chairperson n.主席president n.总统, 会长, 校长, 行长management director 经理vice president 副总统，副会长executive 执行者，管理人员controller n.管理员, 控制器senior manager 高级经理supervisor n.监督人, 管理人, 检查员, 督学, 主管人hierarchy n.层次层级flat 扁平的corporate ladder 企业职阶bureaucracy n.官僚, 官僚作风, 官僚机构tenure n.(土地等的)使用和占有, (官职等的)保有, 任期, (土地)使用期限deputy n.代理人, 代表incumbent adj.职责所在的, 负有...义务的entrepreneur n.<法>企业家, 主办人tycoon n.企业界大亨, 将军decision-making n.决策adj.决策的About Investment venture capital 风险资本shareholder 股东majority stake 占大股institutionalinvestor/buyer 机构投资者investor relations (IR) 投资者关系brokerage house 经纪行stock exchange 股票交易所bourse n.交易所dividend n.被除数, 股息, 红利, 额外津贴, 奖金, 年息yield v.出产, 生长, 生产n.产量, 收益IPO (initial public offering) 首次公开募股Stock 股票share 股份securities n.有价证券equities n.公平, 公正, 公平的事物, 资产净值, [律]平衡法ordinary share 普通股voting rights 投票权perference share 优先股blue chips 蓝筹股bond 债券commodities n.日用品期货warrants n.授权, 正当理由, 根据, 证明, 凭证, 委任状, 批准, 许可证derivatives adj.引出的, 系出的futures n.期货speculation n.思索, 做投机买卖insider trading 内部人员交易fraud n.欺骗, 欺诈行为, 诡计, 骗子, 假货manipulation n.处理, 操作, 操纵, 被操纵nosedive（飞机）俯冲，急降gain =boost, surge/balloon/soar/spur t/upsurge/jump 上升rebound n.回弹v.回弹bottom out 底部割肉recover vt.重新获得, 恢复, 使改过regain ground 收复失地sell-off/dump 倾销，廉价卖光fluctuate vi.变动, 波动, 涨落, 上下, 动摇vt.使动摇, 使波动, 使起伏rally v.重整旗鼓, 给予新力量, (使)恢复健康, 力量, 决心, 集结n.集会profit-taking 获利了结bull 牛bear 熊erratic adj.无确定路线, 不稳定的, 奇怪的volatile adj.飞行的, 挥发性的, 可变的, 不稳定的, 轻快的, 爆炸性的bumpy adj.(道路等)颠簸的, 崎岖不平的downturn/upturn 低迷/好转consecutive adj.连续的, 联贯的About compensation and Benefitsbe entitled to 有资格的be eligible to/for 有资格的minimum wage 最低工资paycheck 薪水payroll 薪水册，工资名单remuneration n.报酬performance-related pay 根据业绩的工资制度hourly payroll/hourly wage 时薪retirement allowance 退休津贴severance payment 辞退工资raise 加薪incentive n.动机adj.激励的award n.奖, 奖品vt.授予, 判给health insurance benefits 健康保险补贴fringe benefits 小额补贴benefit package welfare 福利allowance 津贴，补助subsidized canteen 伙食补助maternity leave 产假maternity pay 育儿期工资paid holiday/paid leave 带薪假期About ProductionR & D (Research and development) breakthrough n.突破innovation n.改革, 创新laboratory n.改革, 创新prototype n.原型specifications n.详述, 规格, 说明书, 规范benchmark [计] 基准patent n.专利权, 执照, 专利品intellectual property rights 知识产权royalty n.皇室, 王权infringe v.破坏, 侵犯, 违反state of the art 一流的cutting-edge 最新的，最尖端的sophisticated adj.诡辩的, 久经世故的ubiquitous adj.到处存在的, (同时)普遍存在的gadget n.小器具, 小配件, 小玩意, 诡计manufacturing n.制造业product n.产品, 产物, 乘积output n.产量, 输出, 输出量plant n.植物, 庄稼, 工厂, 车间, 设备vt.种植, 栽培, 培养, 安置vi.种植operation n.运转, 操作, 实施, 作用, 业务, 工作, 手术, 军事行动rotation n.旋转capacity n.容量, 生产量, 容量, 智能, 才能, 能力, 接受力, 地位shortage n.不足, 缺乏assembly line 装配线defective adj.有缺陷的, (智商或行为有)欠缺的n.有缺陷的人, 不完全变化动词lemon次品phase n.阶段, 状态, 相, 相位v.定相facility n.容易, 简易, 灵巧, 熟练, 便利, 敏捷, 设备, 工具equipment n.装备, 设备, 器材, 装置, 铁道车辆固定资产, 才能inspection n.检查, 视察turnover n.翻覆, 翻折, 半圆卷饼, 流通量, 营业额, 周转duplicate n.复制品, 副本vt.复写, 复制, 使加倍, 使成双vendor n.卖主supplier n.供应者, 补充者, 厂商, 供给者procure v.获得, 取得subcontract n.转包合同in-house 内部的component n.成分adj.组成的, 构成的raw materials 原材料module n.模数, 模块, 登月舱, 指令舱BTO (Build to Order) 订单式生产About Contractcontract n.合同, 契约, 婚约v.使缩短, 感染, 订约terminate v.停止, 结束, 终止terms and conditions 条款signature n.签名, 署名, 信号seal n.封铅, 封条, 印, 图章, 密封vt.封, 密封n.海豹, 海豹毛皮SEAL [简明英汉词典]=Sea, Air, and Land海, 空, 陆take effect 生效expire v.期满, 终止, 呼气, 断气, 届满waive v.放弃offend v.犯罪, 冒犯, 违反, 得罪, 使...不愉快breach n.违背, 破坏, 破裂, 裂口vt.打破, 突破secure adj.安全的, 可靠的, 放心的, 无虑的draft n.草稿, 草案, 草图vt.起草, 为...打样, 设计agreement n.同意, 一致, 协定, 协议statutory adj.法令的, 法定的comply with vi.顺从, 答应, 遵守apply 适用fulfill 履行，完成execute vt.执行, 实行, 完成, 处死, 制成, [律]经签名盖章等手续使(证书)生效Execute vt. -cuted, -cuting 执行；实行obligation n.义务, 职责, 债务restrict vt.限制, 约束, 限定disclose vt.揭露, 透露grant vt.同意, 准予, 承认(某事为真)～exclusive adj.排外的, 孤高的, 唯我独尊的, 独占的, 唯一的, 高级的in accordance with/pursuant to 与一致stipulate v.规定, 保证provide for 准备refer to 提到interested party/party concerned 感兴趣方said 上述的said item said personshall/may 将/会licensor n.认可证颁发者deem v.认为, 相信liable adj.有责任的, 有义务的, 负有责任的liability n.责任, 义务, 债务, 负债, 与assets 相对settlement n.沉降, 解决, 结算, 殖民, 殖民地About Business Trip Passenger n.乘客, 旅客upright position adj.垂直的位置，正确的位置fasten vt.扎牢, 扣住, 闩住, 拴紧, 使固定, 系, 集中于, 强加于vi.扣紧, 抓住carry-on luggage 随身携带的行李stow v.装载personal belongings 个人物品refreshments n.点心, 饮料, 精力恢复, 爽快snack n.小吃, 快餐, 一份v.吃快餐(小吃)aisle seat n.走廊, 过道turbulence n.骚乱, 动荡, (液体或气体的)紊乱headset n.戴在头上的耳机或听筒crew n.全体人员, (工作)队blanket n.毯子vt.覆盖toiletries n. 化妆品board 登机stub 存根take off 起飞altitude n.(尤指海拔)高度, 高处longtitude 经度latitude 纬度destination n.目的地, [计] 目的文件, 目的单元格bound for: 开往，飞往The flight bound for Milan.stopover n.中途停留runway n.飞机跑道, 斜坡跑道, 河道departure/arrival 启程/到达disembarkation n.起岸, 登陆immigration n.外来的移民, 移居入境immigration form n.外来的移民, 移居入境quarantine n.检疫, 隔离, (政治或商业上的)封锁, 检疫期间vt.检疫, 使在政治或商业上孤立metal detector 金属探测器baggage claim 行李申领carousel n.喧闹的酒会lost and found 失物招领处duty-free 免税的itinerary n.路线fare n.费用, 旅客, 食物souvenir n.纪念品jet lag 时差embassy n.大使及其随员, 大使的派遣, 大使馆consulate n.领事, 领事馆, 领事任期, 领事的职位、权力和职责expatriate vt.逐出国外, 脱离国籍, 放逐vi.移居国外n.亡命国外者island hopping 岛屿旅行accommodations n.住处, 膳宿concierge n.看门人, 门房reception desk 咨询台，前台wake-up call 叫醒电话服务About Industrial Sectorsmanufacturing 制造业manufactor 制造商semiconductor n.[物] 半导体material n.材料, 原料, 物资, 素材, 布料machinery n.[总称] 机器, 机械automotive adj.汽车的, 自动推进的aerospace n.航空宇宙aviation n.航空宇宙NASAconstruction n.建筑, 建筑物, 解释, 造句general contractor n.总订约人, 总承包人civil engineering 民用工程defense n.(D-)(美国)国防部, 防卫, 防卫物vt.谋划抵御chemical adj.化学的n.化学制品, 化学药品n.化学药品petroleum n.石油pharmaceutical n.药物adj.制药(学)上的cosmetics n.化妆品adj.化妆用的beverage n.饮料distiller n.蒸馏酒者, 蒸馏器retail n.零售logistics n.后勤学, 后勤outplacement service 职业服务telecommunication n.电讯, 长途通讯, 无线电通讯, 电信学publishing adj.出版的, 出版业的advertising n.广告业, 广告adj.广告的amusement/entertainm ent n.娱乐, 消遣, 娱乐活动trading firm n.贸易公司insurance n.保险, 保险单, 保险业, 保险费healthcare n.卫生保健fishery n.渔业, 水产业, 渔场, 养鱼术forestry n.林产, 森林地, 林学agro-industry n.(化肥制造、仓库建筑等)农用工业About Commuting and Trafficcommute: 通勤tram n.有轨电车, 电车轨道, 煤车, 吊车v.乘电车subway n.地道, <美> 地铁transfer n.迁移, 移动, 传递, 转移, 调任, 转帐, 过户, 转让freeway 高速公路expresswaytoll booth 交费处toll gateoverpass n.<美>天桥, 陆桥vt.胜过, 通过, 忽视intersection n.[数]交集, 十字路口, 交叉点median 中间隔离带dead end 死胡同detour 绕路short cut 捷径crosswalk n.人行横道(供行人穿越道路用)gas station 加油站unleaded adj.无铅的，不含铅的（汽油）fill it up 加满油jammed vt.挤进, 使塞满, 混杂, 压碎, 使堵塞vi.堵塞, 轧住, 拥挤heavy traffic 交通拥挤bumper-to-bumper 一辆接一辆的vehicle n.交通工具, 车辆, 媒介物, 传达手段automobile n.交通工具, 车辆, 媒介物, 传达手段passenger vehicle n.乘客, 旅客pick-up n.提取, 搭便车SUV (sport-utility vehicle) 越野车tow-truck 拖车wreckertransmission n.播送, 发射, 传动, 传送, 传输, 转播front-wheel drive 前轮驱动hood n.头巾, 兜帽, 车蓬, 引擎罩v.用头巾包裹, 给...加罩, 覆盖rear-view mirror 反光镜，后视镜steering wheel 方向盘windshield n.挡风玻璃turn signal 转向灯horn 喇叭fuel-cell-powered 以燃料电池为电源的hybrid n.杂种, 混血儿, 混合物adj.混合的, 杂种的mileage n.英里数, 英里里程flat tire 爆胎skid n.刹车speeding n.超速行驶collision n.碰撞, 冲突rollover 翻车hit-and-run 肇事逃逸About Insurance and Pensionmedical benefits 医疗保险制度dental plans 医疗保险制度premium n.额外费用, 奖金, 奖赏, 保险费, (货币兑现的)贴水coverage n.覆盖contribution n.捐献, 贡献, 投稿medical insurance 医疗保险damage insurance 伤害保险insurer n.保险业者, 保险公司insured n.被保险者, 保户adj.加入保险的recipient 接受方paid-up adj.已付的policy n.政策, 方针certificate n.证书, 证明书vt.发给证明书, 以证书形式授权给...claim n. 要求, 要求权, 主张, 要求而得到的东西vt. 要求, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要spouse n.配偶(指夫或妻)dependent adj.依靠的,依赖的, 由...决定的, 随...而定的deduction n.减除, 扣除, 减除额, 推论, 演绎income tax 所得税401(k) 401企业年金制度About Marketing banner advertising 横幅广告pop-up ads 弹出广告billboard 公告板spams 垃圾邮件front page 首页tag-line 收尾语high-profile 高调recognition n.赞誉, 承认, 重视, 公认, 赏识识别awareness n.知道, 晓得attractive adj.吸引人的, 有魅力的display vt.陈列, 展览, 显示n.陈列, 展览, 显示显示,显示器exhibition n.表现, 展览会, 展览品, 显示session n.说明会survey n.测量, 调查, 俯瞰, 概观, 纵览, 视察questionnaire n.调查表, 问卷respondent adj.回答的n.回答者consumer panel 消费者协会focus group 关注人群segment n.段, 节, 片断v.分割differentiation n.区别upstream adv.向上游, 溯流, 逆流地adj.溯流而上的CS(customer satisfaction)消费者满意度consumer consumer n.消费者client n.[计]顾客, 客户, 委托人niche 二手市场cannibalize vt.吃同类的肉, 拆用...的配件, 调拨...的人员market share市场份额brand n.商标, 牌子, 烙印vt.打火印, 污辱corporate image 企业形象public relations (PR) 公共关系press release 新闻发布advertising n.广告业, 广告adj.广告的promotion n.促进, 发扬, 提升, 提拔, 晋升tailor n.裁缝vt.剪裁, 缝制(衣服)～, 适应, 适合v.制做generic adj.[生物]属的, 类的, 一般的, 普通的, 非特殊的maturity n.成热, 完备, (票据)到期, 成熟saturation n.饱和(状态), 浸润, 浸透饱和度life cycle 生命周期competitor n.竞争者merchandize n.商品,货物high-end/low-end高端/低端middle-range中等luxurious adj.奢侈的, 豪华的luxury n. affordable vt.提供, 给予, 供应得起authentic adj.可信的limited-time offer 限定时间About Salesbargain hunter 特价品购买者clearance sale 清仓销售discount 折扣mark down 标低价格rebate 回扣coupon 优惠券undercut 廉价出售haggle v.争价n.争价tag price 标价list price 标价checkout 检验loyalty card 会员卡installment payment 分期付款due 应付款expiration date 到期日acceptable adj.可接受的, 合意的voucher n.证人, 保证人, 证明者, 凭证, 凭单, <美>优惠购货卷surcharge n.超载, 追加罚款, 额外费vt.使装载过多, 追加罚款subtract v.(～from)减去, 减fast-moving adj.移动迅速的, 情节紧凑动人的brand-new 新品leading-edge 最新品hip 流行的cold calls n.（向潜在的主顾打的）冷不防电话telemarketing 电话销售,电话推销telephone solicitor电话销售者,电话推销者retail n.零售adj.零售的vt.零售, 转述vi.零售adv.以零售方式wholesale n.批发, 趸售adj.批发的, [喻] 大规模的reseller vt.再卖, 转售outlet n.出口, 出路thrift shop/junk shop 廉价商店sales territory 销售区域sales representative 销售代表mail order 通信定购end user 最终用户clientele 客户toll-free dial 免费电话launch 投放市场white goods 白色家电brown goods 黑色家电durables 耐用品freebie n.免费赠品(尤指戏院赠券)cash cow: moneymaker 摇钱树About Negotiations andDealsConfirm vt.确定, 批准, 使巩固, 使有效v.确认, (基督教中)给...行按手礼compromise n.妥协, 折衷v.妥协, 折衷, 危及...的安全describe vt.描写, 记述, 形容, 形容v.描述outline n.大纲, 轮廓, 略图, 外形, 要点, 概要vt.描画轮廓, 略述suggest vt.建议, 提出, 使想起, 暗示propose vt.计划, 建议, 向...提议, 求(婚) vi.打算, 求婚concede vt.勉强, 承认, 退让vi.让步negotiable adj.可通过谈判解决的quotation n.引用语, 价格, 报价单, 行情表estimate n.引用语, 价格, 报价单, 行情表terms and conditions 条款itemize vt.<美>详细说明...项目, 逐条列记specify vt.指定, 详细说明, 列入清单purchase order 订单quantity n.量, 数量account n.计算, 帐目, 说明, 估计, 理由tentative n.试验, 假设adj.试验性的, 试探的, 尝试的, 暂定的signature n.签名, 署名, 信号notary public 公证About Customer Serviceswarranty n.(正当)理由, (合理)根据, 授权, 担保, 保证, 根据guarantee n.保证, 保证书, 担保, 抵押品vt.保证, 担保defect n.过失, 缺点flaw n.缺点, 裂纹, 瑕疵, 一阵狂风vt.使破裂, 使有缺陷, 使无效imperfection n.不完整性, 非理想性inconvenience n.麻烦, 不方便之处intact adj.完整无缺的incur v.招致cause vt.引起, 惹起, 使(发生), 促成misuse v.误用, 错用, 滥用, 虐待n.误用, 错用, 滥用, 误用之实例refund v.退还, 偿还n.归还, 偿还额, 退款replacement n.归还, 复位, 交换, 代替者, 补充兵员, 置换, 移位liable for 有责任的compensate for v.偿还, 补偿, 付报酬recall vt.回忆, 回想, 记起, 取消n.召回withdraw vt.收回, 撤消vi.缩回, 退出v.撤退complaint n.诉苦, 抱怨, 牢骚, 委屈, 疾病inquiry n.质询, 调查dissatisfied adj.不满意的, 不高兴的purchaser n.买方, 购买者receipt 收据call center呼叫中心consumer department 消费者部门one-stop 一站式服务About computersupgrade 升级customize 定制化，用户化partition 分区reinstall 重新安装reconfigure 重新设置default 默认值delete 删除save 保存shut down 关闭start up 启动reboot 重启（机器）duplicate复制embed 嵌入、插入archive vt.存档n.档案文件activate 激活retrieve v.重新得到n.找回compress vt.压缩, 摘要叙述optimize vt.使最优化initialize vt.初始化trash bin 垃圾箱icon n.图标, 肖像, 偶像wizard .神汉, 男巫, 术士, 奇才adj.男巫的, 巫术的, 有魔力的wizard 向导spreadsheet .[计] 电子制表软件, 电子数据表column 列sum up/totalize 总计subtract 减justify 验证indent 缩进space 空格font n.字体, 字形, 洗礼盘, 泉, 圣水器peripheral adj.外围的n.外围设备storage 存储removable 可移动的plug-in 插件suite n.(一批)随员, (一套)家具, 套房, 套, 组, 组曲托业词汇汇总3（修订版）一、办公室事宜Office matters（1）1.appointment 约会，约定2.attendance 出席人数；出席3.cabinet 橱柜4.calendar 日历；月历；行事历5.clerk 办事员，书记6.directory 人名住址薄7.duplicate 复制；副本8.filing 归档9.in-tray 待处理文件盒10.monitor 检测；监视；追踪11.out-tray 已处理文件盒12.partition 分隔；分隔物（如墙壁等）13.postage 邮费14.punctualit 准时；守时15.schedule 时间表；计划表16.shift 换班；轮班；值班17.staff 全体职员18.strike 罢工19.task 工作，任务20.work force 工作人员；劳动人口办公室事宜Office matters（2）1.assignment 分配；工作，分派2.bulletin 公报；告示；定期报告书3.calculator 计算器4.carbon copy 用复写纸复制的副本5.colleague 同事，同僚6.document 文件，证件7.extension 分机（电话）；延期8.intercom 对讲机9.memo 便条；便笺；备忘录10.operator 接线生11.overtime 加班的时间12.portfolio 作品夹，公事包13.printed matter 印刷品14.receptionist 接待员15.secretary 秘书16.shorthand 速记，速记法17.stapler 订书机18.tardy 迟缓；迟到的；迟延的19.typist 打字员20.xerox 影印二、Personnel & Management 人事及管理1.allocate 拨出；分配；配置2.applicant 申请人3.authorize 授权；委托4.bonus 红利；额外津贴；奖金5.capability 能力；才干；潜力；性能6.collaboration 合作；通敌7.consultation 咨询；商量；商议；会议8.curriculum vitae 履历9.eligible 合格的，合适的10.employer 雇主11.executive 行政或管理人员12.income 收入或所得y off （暂时）解雇14.occupation 职业15.part-time 兼任的；兼职的16.permanent 不变的，永久的17.promote 升迁；促销 18.recruit 吸收；征募 19.resume 履历表 20.salary 薪水Personnel & Management 人事及管理 2 1.amateur 业余技术家；外行人；非专家 2.appoint 任命；指定 3.benefit 有益于；受益 4.candidate 候选人 5.certificate 凭证；证书 petent 有能力的，胜任的 7.coordinate 协调；调整 8.deadline 截至期限 9.employee 受雇者 10.evaluation 评价；估价 11.expertise 专门技术或知识12.interview 会面；面谈 13.novice 生手；新手；初学者 14.overtime 超时 15.pension 养老金；退休金 16.personnel 全体人员；人事部门 17.recommendation 推荐；推荐书；劝告 18.resign 辞职 19.retire 退休 20.substitute 代理人；代用品 三.Business Development 业务拓展（1） 1.accrue 产生；增加 2.acquisition 获得；习得3.amplify 放大；加强；扩展4.asset 有用的东西；优点；长处5.buyout/buy out 买进全部产权或股权；收购全部 6.corporation 法人；公司 7.cutback 减少；取消 8.enterprise 企业 9.equity 公平；公正；扣除抵押、税金后的剩余财产价值 10.financier 财政家；金融业者；资本家；投资者 11.franchise 经销权；加盟权（想起火箭队的Francis 的外号就叫特权，原来是这么来的）呵呵 unch 开办；展开；发起；开始 13.monopoly 垄断；独占；专卖 （这个词考试，模拟时经常遇到） 14.phase 阶段 15.profile 侧面象；略转；引人瞩目的状态 16.proposition 提案；建议；计划 17.prospectus 计划书；说明书；慕股书 18.rival 竞争者；对手；匹敌者；势均力敌者 (2) 竞争的 19.subsidiary 子公司20.track record 过去的记录Business Development 业务拓展（2）1.acquire 获得2.affiliate 支部；分会；子公司3.assess 评估（财产价值）；评定4.benchmark 基准；水准点；标准5.carry out 执行；贯彻；完成6.cut down 削减；缩短7.embezzle 盗用；挪用；侵占（公款等）8.entrepreneur 企业家；主办人9.expand 扩张；扩大10.firm 公司；商行11.integrate 统合；整合12.merger 合并；并吞13.pending 未决定的；待决定的；即将发生14.preliminary 初步的，开始的15.propose 提议；建议16.prospect 期望或预见的事；展望；期望17.prosperity 繁荣；成功；兴隆18.scheme 计划；设计；图谋19.thrive 茂盛；兴旺；繁荣20.under value低估价值；看轻四、Finance & Investment 财务及投资（1）1.account 帐目；帐单；帐户2.balance 余额；差额3.bond 债券4.chamber of commerce 商会5.credit 信任；信用；信誉；功劳；荣誉；存款数额；融资；赊销6.debt 债；债务7.deficit 赤字；亏损额8.depreciation 跌价；贬值9.devaluation 贬值10.endorse 赞同；支持；签名；背书（重点，考试时就碰到）11.exempt 被免除的；豁免的12.expense 消耗；消费13.fluctuation 波动；起伏；涨落14.gross 总共的；全部的15.inflation 物价飞涨；通货膨胀16.overdraft 透支；透支额17.profit 利润；收益；营利18.revenue 收益；岁入；税收19.stock 公债；证券；股票20.withdraw 收回；取回；撤回；提款Finance & Investment 财务及投资（2）1.accountant 会计师；会计员2.bankrupt 破产的；倒闭的3.capital 资金；资本4.convert 转换；改变5.currency 货币；流通；通用6.deduction 扣除；扣除额7.deposit 付押金；付保证金8.depression 不景气；忧伤；消沉；沮丧9.discrepancy 差异；不同；不一致10.estimate 估计；估价11.expenditure 消费；开销12.fiscal 财政的；会计的13.fund 基金；专款14.holding 土地；财产（常用复数）15.ledger 总帐；分类帐16.overdue 过期未付的17.remuneration 报酬；酬劳18.shareholder 股东19.stockbroker 证券和股票经纪人20.yield (1)生产量；收益(2)生产；产生五、Commerce 贸易(1)1.bid 出价；投标；喊价mercial 商业化；商用的；营利的petitor 竞争者；对手4.consolidate 结合；合并；强化；巩固5.contract 契约；合同6.corporate 全体的；团体的；公司的；法人的7.credible 可信的；可靠的8.debit 借方；借项9.earnings 薪水；工资；收益10.export 输出；出口11.haggle 讨价还价12.import 输入；进口13.invoice 发票；发货清单；完成工作的清单（明列数量和价钱）14.long-range 长期的；远程的15.stock 现货；存货16.payment 支付；付款17.quote 报价18.supply 供应品；供应物；库存19.tariff 关税20.voucher 保证人；凭证；凭单；折价券Commerce 贸易(2)1.bill of lading 提货单modity 商品；农产品3.consignee 收件人；受托人4.consumer 消费者；顾客5.contractor 立契约人；承包商。

仓库下架物料英语作文标题，Taking Materials Off the Shelves in the Warehouse。

In the logistics and supply chain management realm, the process of taking materials off the shelves in a warehouseis a crucial operation. It involves meticulous planning, efficient execution, and keen attention to detail to ensure the smooth flow of inventory and timely delivery of goodsto customers. In this essay, we will delve into the various aspects of this process, from the initial planning stagesto the final execution, highlighting its significance inthe overall supply chain management framework.The first step in taking materials off the shelves in a warehouse is proper planning. This involves forecasting demand, analyzing inventory levels, and determining the optimal quantities of materials to be taken off the shelves. Advanced forecasting techniques, such as trend analysis and demand sensing, are employed to predict customer demand accurately. Additionally, inventory management systems playa crucial role in monitoring stock levels and identifying which materials need to be replenished or removed from the shelves.Once the planning phase is complete, the next step is to prepare the warehouse for the material removal process. This includes organizing the layout of the warehouse to optimize space utilization and ensure easy access to the materials. Furthermore, safety protocols must be implemented to minimize the risk of accidents during the removal process. This may involve training warehouse staff on proper lifting techniques and providing them with personal protective equipment.With the warehouse prepared and the necessary safety measures in place, the actual process of taking materials off the shelves can begin. This is typically done using a variety of equipment, such as forklifts, pallet jacks, and conveyor systems, depending on the size and weight of the materials being handled. Careful attention is paid to ensure that the materials are handled with care to prevent damage or loss.During the removal process, inventory records are meticulously updated in real-time to reflect the changes in stock levels accurately. This allows for greater visibility and control over the inventory, enabling managers to make informed decisions regarding replenishment and allocation of resources. Additionally, barcode scanning and RFID technology may be utilized to track the movement of materials throughout the warehouse accurately.Once the materials have been successfully taken off the shelves, they are either transported to the shipping area for fulfillment or placed in storage for future use. In either case, strict quality control measures are enforced to ensure that only high-quality materials are sent to customers or used in production processes. This may involve conducting inspections and quality checks to verify that the materials meet the required specifications.In conclusion, taking materials off the shelves in a warehouse is a complex process that requires careful planning, efficient execution, and strict adherence tosafety and quality standards. By effectively managing this process, companies can optimize their inventory levels, minimize costs, and enhance customer satisfaction. Therefore, it is essential for organizations to invest in robust warehouse management systems and training programs to ensure the smooth operation of their supply chain.。

Automobile burglar alarmThe automobile is the present humanity's main transportation vehicle,is also the modern civilization symbol.The world the automobile sales volume reaches more than6000ten thousand every year,the inventory has surpassed400,000,000.Is using the vehicles are more,but the following traffic accident and the automobile which robbed are been also getting more and more, has created the personnel casualty and the economical property loss.The people set a higher request to motor vehicle's operational performance and the security performance.The auto safety becomes an important social question.In order to reduce motor vehicle accident's formation rate, for has automobile's user to provide the security sense,develops one kind simply reliable,the ease of operation,can automatic detection automobile various part of conditions,discover that the normal condition can send out the warning reminder and the security warning safety system to the pilot,has the actual design significance.Automobile's value is high,increases unceasingly along with the automobile quantity,the automobile already became robs the key point which the person steals,the automobile is robbed has become generally pays attention now and the urgently needed solution social questionAt present each automobile security method and the product emerge one after another incessantly, although the vehicle door or the engine were loaded with the security mechanical lock,but robs the person to use the master keys,but does not need the small effort to open the vehicle door, drives away the vehicle,the automobile security question does not have completely the solution as before.Now in society's automobile security way has the following several kinds: First,the mechanical type security,the main principle locks on automobile's some organization,enables it to play its proper role.Existing many kinds of ways for example:The transmission gearbox files the lock,the steering wheel lock,the brake pedal lock,the meeting and parting footboard lock and so on,brings the troubles are the volume which the machinery locks are big,the vehicle owner must along with a multi-belt key.But explains the method is numerous, because the core is a lock,when this sneaks into a house picks a lock the person.When like the hydraulic pressure cuts and so on crude method;Was not careful has lost again the key......Second,electron security,is in the present auto market the most popular security installment. Starts the burglary protection system to be possible the ignition coil or the feed return route cut-off, only uses under releasing key's control can relieve normally guards against theft.This kind of way varied assortment;Domestic and foreign majority of automobiles when leaving the plant has disposed the key chip burglary protection system.In use key's transmit by radio chip after this vehicle's ECU communication can start the motor car engine.Also has the acousto-optics alarm system,on the automobile gauge board is loaded with the light emitter diode,may also let the vehicle owner know system's active status,may also to spy on compartment's car thief to play the warning role.When automobile,because the external force has the vibration,when before or the vehicle door,the reserve box lid,the engine room coverlet opens forcefully,the system exudes the warning sound,scares robs the vehicle thief.Has the bidirectional alarm system,has been able to inform vehicle owner's function compared to the pure flash and sound alarm system many,when the automobile encounters the outside invasion,can know automobile's condition in the nearby vehicle owner through the body carrying liquid crystal display key.Third,the network type burglary protection system,mainly depends upon social the public network to monitor vehicles'travel.1st,the GPS satellite positioning security department,itthrough the GPS satellite positioning system,the definite vehicles'position,again transmits through the GSM net the position and the alarm message to the warning center.The warning center through the GSM net control automobile,the power failure/breaks the oil.The shortcoming is the price is high;Needs to pay the service fee frequently;Systems operation's power is big;The confidentiality will receive the invasion;The vehicles long-term laying aside does not use can exhaust the level electric quantity.The vehicle stops under underground,the tree,the building approaches,the indoor system not to have an effect.2nd,GSM,GPRS move security,GSM moves security it to depend on the GSM communication network,carries on the handset and automobile's intelligent linkage security,has security,the monitoring,the remote control,the long-distance warning,the localization,instead to plunder and so on many kinds of functions,is maintains the social order,to protect the vehicle owner benefit the effective pares with the similar products,this system also has the installment to be more covert,the technology to be more advanced,the performance to be more reliable and so on characteristics.Has cannot construct the base depot,the warning not to be away from the limit.The shortcoming is needs to pay the GSM number the month rent.Relies on the GSN net's cover.Bandits and thieves'method also uses the handset signal jammer,blocks the vehicles and the warning center relation,burglary protection system expiration.Fourth,the biological recognition burglary protection system,takes the only unlocking using the human body characteristic the key,locks the motor car engine.The concrete product has the automobile fingerprint start controller and the vein scanning controller.Massive information which carries using the human body fingerprint,as well as each person's fingerprint's superposition rate is zero characteristic nearly,deposits the vehicle owner fingerprint beforehand in this system the information,after verifying the status can start the automobile through the fingerprint ratio,even if robs Che Zei to steal away completely the automobile key is also at a loss. Before the shortcoming is starts the automobile,many ratios to the fingerprint movement,needs to spend2seconds.The bandits and thieves do not have the means to obtain your fingerprint,he does not have the means to steal away your vehicle.Actually,so long as the bandits and thieves stole vehicle owner's key to be possible to explain any security means that only then biological recognition,only then the fingerprint automobile security could protect your love vehicle truly.At present,in the market GPS satellite positioning system is the present domestic and foreign most advanced security installments,the GPS system has the vehicles localization,instead to plunder the warning,the network security,in the remote control flameout,the vehicle to monitor, to come to anchor the rescue,the state of roads information,the manual guidance,the vehicles inquiry and so on many kinds of functions.The GPS satellite positioning automobile burglary protection system belongs to the network type security,it mainly serves the security purpose depending on the fixed ignition or the starting,but simultaneously may also through the GPS satellite positioning system,the alarm message and the warning vehicles silent transmits in the position to the warning center.The expert reminds,this kind of security technical name is called to be very resounding,although has the security function,but uses is not very practical,moreover the price is also expensive,the actual function is not big.The satellite tracing burglary protection system,is mainly the automobile equipment repayment system,by way of the satellite screen, demonstrates the vehicles position,therefore acts according to is the victim in the vehicle to have installs the satellite tracking system,is all transmits the system to destroy,is the power source is shut off,causes the satellite to be unable to trace automobile's concrete position,namely loses thesecurity effectiveness,moreover the price is expensive,the light installs a set not to bring display monitor's GPS to need to spend6000-7000Yuan,but every year must pay the nearly thousand Yuan service fees to the GPS system Service company,the soaring purchase spends with the working cost lets many vehicle owners shrink back at the sight,the economic efficiency is bad.The electronic warning security arises at the historic moment.The automobile electron burglary protection system was Canada has supposed burglary protection system's control circuit in the original central door lock's foundation,controlled at the same time which the automobile moved and reports to the police.The electron security is at present a more ideal security installment.If has on the committing a theft burglary automobile or automobile's goods,the burglary protection system will not only have the cut-off start-up circuit,the electric firing circuit, to blow the electric circuit,the feed electric circuit and the speed change electric circuit,will apply the brake to deadlock and so on function,simultaneously,will also send out the acousto-optic signal which different will pray for rescue to carry on the warning,for the thief in a spirit's attack, will prevent the thief to commit a theft.The film threading type,the pressed key type and the remote control type and so on belong to the electronic formula security.The remote control type automobile security characteristic is may control remotely the security complete function,reliable convenient,may have vibration functions and so on detection gating protection and microwave or infrared probe head.Along with the technical fast development,the remote control type automobile security also increased many convenience practical attachment function,for example:In the remote control controls the door lock,the remote control to deliver puts the cold warm braw,the remote control electrically operated windows and doors and to control remotely the baggage compartment and so on.Now in the market had the bidirectional function electron security,not only this kind security can control remotely the vehicles by the vehicle owner,the vehicles can also transmit own condition gives the vehicle owner,for example the vehicle door is opened or the glass glass is destroyed and so on. But the electronic security universal existence reports to the police by mistake the phenomenon, moreover also does not have on to solve the vehicles to lose the question radically.First T the Ford sign passenger vehicle is robbed from the world the start,steals the vehicle to become nowadays in the city one of most common criminalities.Automobile quantity increases, the vehicles quantity which robs year by year are also risen,this brings the enormous astatic factor to the society,worried that the vehicles are robbed,become puzzle each automobile user the difficult problem.Along with open car's unpopularity,the automobile door lock has been unable into absolutely safe hard general,causes the vehicle door to lock system's concept to further desalinate,from the automobile security also arises at the historic moment.Now in the market each kind of electron security is dazzling,the sales volume best electron security lock then buys between300Yuan to400Yuan.In the market on many new style passenger vehicles already had installed now the original factory automobile security,on some vehicles'key has the security chip, along with the adaptable unblanking password,causes to rob the vehicle thief to be unable with the technical method unlocking,but this kind of key,once loses can only depend on vehicles'user register card to match set of keys again to the original factory.In the newest technical data said that some vehicle types already started to use cryptotype IC the card to replace the vehicle key,the vehicle owner,so long as enters the vehicles3to5meters scopes,security the automatic unlocking,the vehicle owner sits in the vehicle to press down the ignition lock vehicles to start. After the vehicle owner leaves the vehicles5meters,the vehicle door will cage automatically.The burglary protection system is not multi-purpose,now many passenger vehicles before leaving the plant the preassemble vehicle to use the computer burglary protection system.When the key chip data and the vehicle carry the computer to save the data match case in advance,the computer will only then inform the system-related to start to work,allows the engine to start. Brings the vehicle to carry the computer burglary protection system's passenger vehicle not to need to install the electron again security.If is redundant installs,easy and the original vehicle installs the burglary protection system has the system conflict;If must certainly extra install the electron security,please note and the ignition system separates,will otherwise cause the engine to be unable to start and so on breakdowns.If presented the breakdown,do not disassemble voluntarily,welcome eliminate the breakdown code to the specialized service shop use specialized decoder and relieves the breakdown.汽车防盗报警器汽车是目前人类主要的交通工具，也是现代文明的标志。

物流的单词1. logistics- 单词释义：物流；后勤；组织工作。

- 单词用法：可作名词，在句中作主语、宾语等。

例如：Logistics plays a crucial role in modern business.（物流在现代商业中起着至关重要的作用。

）- 近义词：transportation（运输），distribution（配送）。

- 短语搭配：logistics management（物流管理）；logistics industry（物流产业）。

- 双语例句：Thepany has excellent logistics to ensure timely delivery.（该公司有出色的物流以确保及时交货。

） Good logistics support is essential for the success of this project.（良好的后勤支持对这个项目的成功至关重要。

）2. transport- 单词释义：运输；运送；输送；搬运。

- 单词用法：可作名词或动词。

作名词时，如：air transport（航空运输）；作动词时，例如：They transport goods by train.（他们用火车运输货物。

）- 近义词：carry（携带；运送），convey（传达；运输）。

- 短语搭配：public transport（公共交通）；transport system （运输系统）。

- 双语例句：The transport of fresh fruits needs special conditions.（新鲜水果的运输需要特殊条件。

） They transport the passengers to the airport every day.（他们每天运送乘客到机场。

）3. delivery- 单词释义：递送；交付；分娩；演讲风格。

- 单词用法：名词，如：express delivery（快递）。