定语从句翻译.
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定语从句的翻译句子定语从句的翻译句子定语从句是的难点,也是考研英语考查的重点。
下面一起来看看定语从句的翻译句子吧!一、前置译法如果一个定语从句在句中的作用是修饰和限定名词,那么通常就采取译为前置定语的方法。
但注意译成前置定语后既不能影响原文所表达的意思,还要使整个句子的表达言简意赅、连贯通顺、语气较强。
例句:Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses.译文:水是一种清澈的液体,有许多用途。
在前置译法的过程中如果定语从句中的.谓语不含有具体意义,可省译从句中的谓语。
这种译法很简便,也很有效。
有时候,出于汉语行文的需要和逻辑关系方面的考虑,可将定语从句提在主语之前翻译,用来说明情况,但不作为被修饰名词的定语。
例句:There are also great advantages that come from the variety of culture brought by settlers from other lands.译文:移民从个地方带来了多种文化,产生了极大的好处。
二、后置译法我们都知道,英语中很多定语从句都是为了连接两个具有共同名词的句子而存在的,因此在翻译时最好分为两个分句。
而对于起限定作用的定语从句,如果结构较为复杂,句子太长,无法译成前置的定语,最后就译成一个后置的并列分句,这样更合乎汉语的习惯。
例句:Our war against terror is a contest of will in which perseverance is power.译文:我们的反恐是一场意志力的较量。
在这场较量中,不屈不挠的精神就是力量。
结构较复杂的定语从句常译成后置的并列分句,在多数情况下要重译先行词,或即便句子不长,出于某种原因需要强调先行词,也要重译先行词。
例句:Days and nights are very long on the moon, where one day is as long as two weeks on the earth.译文:在上,白天和黑夜都相当长,月亮上的一天等于地球上的两周。
定语从句的翻译方法
定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句,常常用来给出额外的信息来
进一步说明该名词或代词。
翻译定语从句时,一般可以采用以下方法:
1.将定语从句翻译为一个完整的句子,放在被修饰的名词或代词后面。
例如:
- The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.
-坐在我旁边的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。
2.将定语从句翻译为一个介词短语,并用该介词短语修饰被修饰的名
词或代词。
例如:
- The book that I am reading is very interesting.
-我正在看的那本书非常有趣。
3.将定语从句翻译为一个形容词短语,并用该形容词短语修饰被修饰
的名词或代词。
例如:
- The man who is wearing a hat is my father.
-戴着帽子的那个男人是我爸爸。
注意:翻译定语从句时要注意上下文的语境,并使得翻译后的句子通顺、流畅。
定语从句翻译定语从句是修饰主句中的一个名词或代词的从句,用来进一步说明或限定这个名词或代词。
定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
定语从句的翻译需要根据上下文和语境来确定正确的意思,并根据语法规则将其翻译成符合目标语言的结构。
以下是一些定语从句的翻译例子:1. The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。
2. The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.坐在我旁边的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。
3. The house where she grew up is no longer standing.她长大的那所房子已经不存在了。
4. This is the man whose car was stolen last night.这是昨晚车被偷的那个人。
5. Do you remember the day when we first met?你还记得我们第一次见面的那天吗?6. I have a friend whose father is a doctor.我有一个父亲是医生的朋友。
7. The movie that we watched last night was really good.我们昨晚看的那部电影真的很好。
8. The company where he works is located in the city center.他工作的那家公司位于市中心。
9. This is the restaurant that serves the best sushi in town.这是城里服务最好的寿司餐厅。
10. She has a dog which is very friendly.她有一只非常友好的狗。
这些例子展示了不同类型的定语从句的翻译。
定语从句句型练习1.正在和汤姆说话的人是约翰。
2.你正在找的那位医生在房间里。
4.这是你想要的那本书。
5.我不能忘记在北京居住的那些日子。
6.这是我住了5年的房子。
7.这就是我为什么迟到的原因。
9.正在树下读书的那个女骇是我妹妹。
10.玛莉正在照看的那个小骇是汤姆。
12.这是我为什么不喜欢他的原因。
13.你认识那个叫做汤姆的人吗?16.我想见一见你刚才谈起的人。
17.一周前丢失的那只山羊找到了。
21.你知道电影的开始时间吗?23.昨晚我们看的那场电影太好了。
1.The boy who is talking with Tom is John.2.The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room .4.This is the book which you want .5.I can’t forget the days when I lived in Beijing .6.This is the house where I lived for five years .7.This is (the rea son) why I’m late .9.The girl who is reading under the tree is my sister .10.The boy whom Mary is looking after is Tom .12.This is (the reason) why I don’t like him .13.Do you know the man whose name is Tom .16.I want to see the man whom you talked of just now .17.The goat which was lost a week ago has been found .20.This is the only thing that we can do .21.Do you know the time when the film will begin ?23.The film which we saw yesterday evening was wonderful .。
定语从句翻译1.那些在困境中的人应该得到我们的帮助。
(deserve)Those who are in trouble deserve our help.2.智商高的人未必情商高。
(necessarily)Those who have high IQ don’t necessarily have high EQ.3.只有勇敢面对挑战的人才有可能成功。
(only those)Only those who face the challenges bravely are likely to succeed.4.我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。
(… it …)I find it (is) hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.5.住惯了大城市的人均会喜欢住在没有噪音和人群的小镇上。
(free of)Those who are used to living in the city will all like to live in a small town free of noise and crowds.6.想报名参加课外辅导中学的学生,年龄必须在10-15岁之间。
(range)Those who want to enroll in the tutorial center must range in age from 10 to 15 years old.7.我觉得这本简易读物对学过两,三年的英语的人是很合适的。
(suitable)I find this simplified English book (is) suitable for those who have learned English for two or three years.8.人们普遍认为,不善于学习者就难以与时俱进。
(pace)It is generally believed that those who are not good at studies can hardly keep up with the pace of the time. 9.在日常生活中,我们不要与言而无信的人打交道。
定语从句的两种翻译方法定语从句的两种翻译方法一、前置法把原文的定语从句翻译成带“的”的定语词组, 放置于被修饰的词之前, 将英语原文的复合句翻译成汉语的简单句, 这种方法一般用于限制性定语从句比较短的情况。
一些较短的具有描述性的非限制性定语从句也可采用前置法, 但没有限制性定语从句使用得普遍。
例1.For example, one function of friendship seems to fulfill is that it supports the image we have of ourselves, and confirms the value of the attitudes we hold.例如, 友谊的一个作用似乎是支持我们在自己心目中的形象, 并使我们持有的价值观念更加坚定。
例2.The first two must be equal for all who are being compared, if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made. (92年考题)如果要从智力方面进行任何比较的话, 那么对所有被比较者来说, 前两个因素必须是一样的。
例3.The first method is to give a synonym, a word that has nearly the same meaning as the word you wish to define: face for countenance, nervousness for anxiety.第一种方法是同义词法, 即给出一个与要释义的词在意义上几乎相同的, 如用face表示countenance, 用nervousness表示anxiety.例4.Behaviourists, in contrast, say that difference in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy. (90年考题)相反, 行为主义者认为, 的差异是由于黑人常常被剥夺了白人在教育及外界环境方面所享有的许多有利条件而造成的。
英语和汉语分属两种不同语系,其差别很大,翻译起来有诸多困难,英语定语从句汉译便是困难之一。
由于定语从句在英语中应用十分广泛,因此,我们必须想办法、找方法、寻规律,从而很好地解决它。
一、限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对所修饰先行项起限制作用,在意义上与先行项密切不可分。
如被省去,主句意思就含糊不清,甚至变得毫无意义。
关系词和先行项之间一般不用逗号分隔。
(一)定语词组①I have but one lamp by which my feed are guided. 我只有一盏指路明灯。
②It was so with the vast railroad yards with the crowded array of vessels she saw in the river. 火车站广大场地,河里鳞次梯比船只,她也同样不能理解。
③Before following her in her round of seeking, let us look at the sphare in which her future was to lie. 我们暂且把她找寻工作事搁下来不谈,先看一看她前途所寄托这个世界。
④...and the thread which bound her so lightly to girlhood and home were irretrievably broken ……而那些把她和少女时代以及故乡轻轻系住柔丝,不得不就此断绝了。
(二)并列从句1)省略英语先行项①The lungs are subjecd to several diseases which are treatable by surgery.肺易受几种疾病侵袭,但均可经手术治疗。
②A little way on she saw a great door which, for some reason, attracted her attention. 又走了一些路,她看见一个大门,不知怎,引起了她注意。
定语从句翻译练习1. 去年我们在医院照顾的老太太死了。
2.你想娶的姑娘昨天偷了我的钱包。
3.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。
4.你喜欢女孩就是我喜欢的女孩。
5.昨天被我家的狗咬的人今天又被你家狗咬了。
6.你知道他打算出国留学你的原因吗?7.我讨厌我住过的那个旅馆。
8.我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天。
9.他爱了10年的那个女孩昨天嫁人了。
10.她是我见过的最善良的女孩。
11.有什么事我能帮你吗?12.昨天死的那个老太太留下了100万美元。
13.昨天那个医生告诉我他为我爹什么也做不了了。
14.这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页.15.正像老师昨天说的那样,他没有通过考试。
16约翰被大学录取了,这是我们期待的。
17这本书与我昨天丢失的那本书一样。
18.正像你知道的那样钱是非常重要的。
20.你知道你们家狗要死的原因吗?21. 她就是那个到明年年底,会攒一万美圆的那个女孩。
22. 你见过那个警察一直在找的小偷吗?23. 昨天他告诉我,是谁吃了我的苹果,那个苹果是我妈妈给我买的。
24我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。
25我试戴了三顶帽子,没有一顶合适。
26他常在人们一般不会感到害怕的情况下却感到恐惧或是感到不自在27昨天在购物中心,我遇见了那位我在一次聚会上认识的教授28你知道她的哥哥与你同寝室的那位女孩的名字吗?29人们会永远记住香港和澳门回归祖国的那一时刻。
30我们要参观的第一个地方是北京图书馆.31他是唯一可靠的人。
.32约翰正是她要见的人33他年轻时在校学习努力,这导致了他后来生活中的成功。
.定语从句---翻译练习-(中文):1.这就是救了孩子生命的医生2.她就是我要介绍给你的新学生3.请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。
4.汤姆买的小说很有意思。
5.你能把昨天谈到的那本杂志借给我吗?6.那位教授是威廉斯他的女儿教你英语。
7.那辆坏了轮胎的自行车现在已经修好了。
8.正在弹钢琴的那位妇女是张小姐。
9.我想看那些刚上映的电影。
10.他们谈起他们所记得起的学校里的人和事,谈了大约有半个小时。
11.我要告诉你我所知道这件事的一切情况。
12.有什么我可以帮助做的事吗?13.我把你需要的东西都拿来了。
14.这是我看过的最好的一部电影。
15.我们要参观的第一个地方是北京图书馆16.他是唯一可靠的人。
17.约翰正是她要见的人。
18.正在和汤姆谈话的人是谁?19.你买的那些书中哪一本容易读。
20.他在我们最需要的时候来了。
21.我们永远不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的那一天。
22.这就是他渡过夜晚的那房子。
23.我知道她学习好的原因。
24.乔治获得了奖学金,他是我的同学。
25.李大夫明天将来这儿,我跟他很熟悉。
26.我给他一张贺年卡,他很喜欢它。
27.他年轻时在校学习努力,这导致了他后来生活中的成功。
28.他总是早起床,这是他的习惯。
29.约翰被大学录取了,这是我们期待的。
30.人人皆知,地球是圆的。
31.这本书与我昨天丢失的那本书一样。
定语从句---翻译练习-(英语-中文):This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life .这就是救了孩子生命的医生She is the new student whom I want to introduce to you .她就是我要介绍给你的新学生Please pass me the book which is lying on the table.请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。
The novel which Tom bought is very interesting.汤姆买的小说很有意思。
Can you lend me the magazine which you talked about yesterday?你能把昨天谈到的那本杂志借给我吗?The professor whose daughter teaches you English is Dr. WilliamsThe professor, the daughter of whom teaches you English, is Dr. Williams. 那位教授是威廉斯他的女儿教你英语。
The bike whose brake was damaged has now been repaired.=The bike the tyre of which was damaged has now been repaired那辆坏了轮胎自行车现在已经修好了。
The woman that is playing the piano is Miss Zhang.正在弹钢琴的那位妇女是张小姐。
I’d like to see the films that are just on show.我想看那些刚上映的电影。
They talked for about an hour of things and persons that they remember in the school.他们谈起他们所记得起的学校里的人和事,谈了大约有半个小时。
I’ll tell yo u all(that )I know about it .我要告诉你我所知道这件事的一切情况。
Is there anything (that) I can do for you?有什么我可以帮助做的事吗?I’ve brought everything (that )you need.我把你需要的东西都拿来了。
This is the best film that I have seen .这是我看过的最好的一部电影。
The first place that we’ll visit is Bei jing Library.我们要参观的第一个地方是北京图书馆He is the only person that is believable.他是唯一可靠的人。
John is the very person that she wants to see.约翰正是她要见的人。
Who is the man that is talking with Tom ?正在和汤姆谈话的人是谁?Which of the books that you bought is easy to read?你买的那些书中哪一本容易读。
He came at a time when we. needed him most.他在我们最需要的时候来了。
We’ll never forget the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded.我们永远不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的那一天。
This is the room where he put up for the night.这就是他渡过夜晚的那房子。
I know the reason why she studies so well .我知道她学习好的原因。
George ,who is my classmate, has won a scholarship.乔治获得了奖学金,他是我的同学。
Dr. Li , whom I know very well, will come here tomorrow.李大夫明天将来这儿,我跟他很熟悉。
I gave him a New Year card ,which he enjoyed very much.我给他一张贺年卡,他很喜欢它。
He studies hard at school when he was young, which leads to his success in his later life .他年轻时在校学习努力,这导致了他后来生活中的成功。
He gets up early ,as is always his habit.他总是早起床,这是他的习惯。
John was admitted into the college, as we had expected.约翰被大学录取了,这是我们期待的。
,As is known to all ,the earth is round.人人皆知,地球是圆的。
This is the same book as I lost yesterday.这本书与我昨天丢失的那本书一样。
key1.我们在医院一直照顾take care of的老太太死了.The old lady whom we had taken care of in the hospital last year died.2.你想娶marry的姑娘昨天偷了我的钱包。
The girl whom you want to marry stole your wallet yesterday.3.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。
The book that Mt. Sun wrote is the best book in the world.4.你喜欢女孩就是我喜欢的女孩。
The girl who you like is the girl who I like.5.昨天被我家的狗咬的人bite今天又被你家狗咬了。
The man who was bit by my dog was bit by my dog today again.6.你知道他打算娶reason你的原因吗?Do you know the reason for which he is going to marry you?Do you know the reason why he is going to marry you?7.我讨厌hate我住过的那个旅馆hotel。
I hate the hotel where I lived.I hate the hotel in which I lived.I hate the hotel I lived in.8.我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天autumn。
I will never forget the autumn when I studied and lived with you.I will never forget the autumn in which I studied and lived with you.9.他爱了20年的那个女孩昨天嫁marry人了。
The girl whom he had loved for 20 years married someone yesterday.10.她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。
She is the beautiful girl that I have ever seen.11.有什么事我能帮你吗?Is there anything that I can do for you?12.昨天死的那个老太太留下了100万美圆。