2020高考英语三模前阅读理解专题练02(学生版)三年真题研读专练

三模前任务型阅读专题练01题组一Social anxiety is a type of anxiety problem. People with social anxiety can usually interact easily with family and a few close friends. Instead of enjoying social activities, they might fear them and avoid some of them altogether. Like other anxieties, it is a fear reaction to something that isn’t actually dangerous, although the body and mind react as if the danger is real. Because the physical sensations that go with the response are real and sometimes quite strong the danger seems rea l. With social anxiety, a person’s fears and concerns are focused on the social performance whether it’s a major class presentation or small talk at the lockers. People tend to feel embarrassed and uncomfortable about being noticed or judged by others.Social anxiety might prevent someone from chatting with friends in the lunchroom, joining an after-school club, going to a party, or asking someone on a date. It might keep a person from volunteering an answer in class, reading aloud, or giving a presentation. It might prevent someone from acting the school play, being in the talent show, trying out for a team, or joining in a service project. It also prevents them from making the normal, everyday mistakes that help people improve their skills still further.Social anxiety develops because the genetic features from parents and other relatives can influence how the brain senses and controls anxiety, shyness, nervousness, and stress reactions. Meanwhile, some people are born with a shy character and tend to be ca utious and sensitive in new situations and prefer what’s familiar. Naturally a person’s shy character can be influenced by what he or she learns from role models. If parents or others react by overprotecting a child who is shy, the child won’t have a chanc e to get used to new situations and new people. If people born with a cautious nature have stressful experiences, social anxiety can make them even more cautious and shy. Feeling pressured to interact in ways they don’t feel ready for, being criticized or insulted, or having other fears and worries can make it more likely for a shy or fearful person to develop social anxiety.Sometimes, but not always, medicines that reduce anxiety are used as part of the treatment. Family or friends are especially important and the right support from a few key people can help those with social anxiety gather the courage to go outside their comfort zone and try something new. Dealing with social anxiety takes patience, courage to face fears and try new things, and the willingness to practice.题组二A great many parents send their children to pre-schools-educational programs for children under the age of five. It has been said that this is the time period when the brain does over fifty percent of its growing. This could mean that the learning process should be introduced during these years.However, the views that different societies hold regarding the purpose of early childhood education are not same. Whereas Chinese parents tend to see preschools primarily as a way of giving children a good start academically, parents in the United States regard the primary purpose of preschools as making children more independent and self-reliant.Preschools can operate under a guiding philosophy of play-based or academic learning. Play-based programs are guided by the cent ral belief that children learn best through play. Play is thought to build children’s interest and love of learning. Academic programs emphasize reading, math and science, and use structured, teacher-directed activities to promote foundational skills in these areas. In the United States, the best-known program designed to promotefuture academic success is Head Start. The program, which stresses parental involvement, was designed to serve the “whole child”, including children’s physical health, self-confidence, social responsibility, and social and emotional development.A recent evaluation suggests that preschoolers who participate in Head Start are less likely to repeat grades, and more likely to complete school in future. Furthermore, graduates of Head Start programs show higher academic performance at the end of high school, although the gains are modest. In addition, results from other types of preschool readiness programs indicate that for every dollar spent on the program, taxpayers saved seven dollars by the time the graduates reached the age of 27.Not everyone agrees that programs that seek to enhance academic skills during the preschool years are a good thing. In fact, according to developmental psychologist David Elkind, United States society tends to push children so rapidly that they begin to feel stress and pressure at a young age. Elkind argues that academic success is largely dependent upon factors such as inherited abilities and a child’s rate of maturation, which parents can do nothing about. Consequently, children of a particular age cannot be expected to master educational material without taking into account their current level of cognitive development. In short, children require development appropriate educational practice, which is education that is based on both typical development and the unique characteristics of a given child.Early Childhood EducationReasons for attending preschools ◆The(71) ▲ of the brain matures under the age of five.◆Parents’ expectations of preschools(72) ▲ greatly.(73) ▲ ofpreschools ◆Some programs(74) ▲ on play activities while others on academic activities.◆Parents are(75) ▲ in some preschool programs.Benefits of attending preschools ◆Graduates are better(76) ▲ for future schooling.◆Graduates may achieve higher grades at high school.◆It can be(77) ▲ for households in the long term.(78) ▲ aboutpreschools ◆Children feel pressured at a young age.◆Factors determining academic success are(79) ▲ parents’ con trol.◆Early childhood education must be(80) ▲ with children’s development and characteristics.题组三Communication PrinciplesHow you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate. “Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he(or she)is the center”. Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send them. But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication. A student, for instance, may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment: “I know my teacher doesn’t like the fact that I don’t agree with his opinions.and that’s why he gave me such a poor grade in that class.” The teacher might say the opposite. Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person’s view is wrong.The concept of serf originates in communication. Through verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of others. You establish self-image. The sort of person you believe you are, by how others think of you. Positive, negative, and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are. Communication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue process. Our understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other people. In a more obvious way, communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share. So, the communication begins with the self, as defined largely by others, and involves others, as defined largely by the self.Communication Occurs almost every minute of your life. If you are not communicating with yourself(thinking, planning, reacting to the world around you), you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behavior. Even if the other person did not intend a message for you, you gather observations and draw specific conclusions. A person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your message. A second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to you. A third person smiles(perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently)and you believe that he is attracted to you. We are continually picking up meanings from others’ behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them.More often than not, you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statement. You may have made a joke out of your rude statement. Nonetheless, your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mind. You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others. Communication cannot be reversed(倒退), nor can it be repeated. When you tried to re—create the atmosphere, the conversation, and the setting, nothing seemedright. Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results.。

三模前任务型阅读专题练02题组一Green finance is a phenomenon that combines the world of finance and business with environmentally friendly behavior. It is a stage for many participants, including individual and business consumers, producers investors, and financial lenders. Green finance can be expressed differently depending on the participants’ financial incentives(动机), desires to preserve the planet, or a combination of both. In addition to showing environmentally friendly behavior, such as promoting mass transit or the recycling of used goods, green finance is about preventing the promotion of any business or activity that could do damage to the environment now or future generations.Financial institutions that extend lending to individuals, small businesses, or large corporations can do so in an environmentally friendly manner. In this type of green finance, loans are used for the proliferation(扩散)of renewable energy, for instance. A lender could finance the development of a solar power plant that generates power from the sun and panels installed on the roof of a building or residence. Wind power generation is another of business that would get support from green financiers. These com panes develop expensive wind farms that use large turbines onshore and of shore to capture the wind and generate energy.Energy producers, who use fossil flues, including coal, are not likely to participate in any type of green finance. Coal is a traditional power source that release emissions into the air, substances that are largely considered harmful to the environment. As a result, a coal producer is the type of company that a green financer would likely avoid.Offering environmental incentives to market participants is a useful way to drive the development of green businesses. Small businesses that are not even in the business of clean energy can participate because this is an extremely proactive(主动的)form of green financing. For instance, a company that sells vehicles may focus on selling cars that are designed to use a hybrid fuel combining both fossil fuels and renewable energy. This business might offer customers an incentive to purchase a car, for example, and in exchange for every vehicle that is sold, the dealer will purchase and plant a tree to promote a clean environment.Venture capital its(风险投资者), or firms that extend financing to start up companies for growth, participate in green finance in an active way. Many firms are behind emerging technologies clean energy that are expected to produce a greater portion of the world’s po wer in the future. Venture capitalists specialize in risky and emerging technologies and as a result, tend to have a hand in green financing.题组二Electronic marketing is a form of product promotion and customer relation establishment conducted with the use of electronic media. With the development of technology, a new era in marketing has been created. Marketers have been quick to jump on subsequent(后来的)technological developments from radio to the Internet. Companies may market specially via electronic media or use a mixture of marketing media in order to reach a broad target audience. Marketing has a number of goals, including familiarizing people with companies and products, encouraging consumers to adopt specific products, and promoting a positive public opinion about a company, product, or service.Electronic marketing is free to change its methods according to different circumstances. It allows companies to create targeted campaigns with broad reach. This form of marketing can also be very cost effective, making it possible for companies to reach lots of consumers at a small amount of the cost for other types of advertising.In addition to media like television, radio, and the Internet, electronic marketers can use media such as phonesfor conveying advertisements. Talking ads mounted on bus stations and other public installations are another example. Electronic kiosks in locations like malls can also be used for marketing purposes. Marketers can create video brochures, insert ads in front of feature films, and find a number of other ways to reach the audience via electronic means.Internet marketing in particular is rich ground for marketers. This form of electronic marketing can be generic (通用的), as in the case of banner ads placed on websites. It can also be remarkably specific, tailored to Internet use habits with the goal of reaching out to specific consumers. Marketers can serve different kinds of ads customize email marketing campaigns, and use other techniques to reach potential consumers on the Internet.Some advertising firms specialize in electronic marketing services. They can help their customers organize effective campaigns and may also be involved in the carrying out of marketing campaigns. These firms keep up with the latest trends in marketing so that they can stay ahead with advertisements that will appeal and attract.Companies must use electronic marketing with care. Some consumers may find such marketing upsetting, forcing companies to find creative ways to advertise that will arouse their interest instead of irritating them. It is also necessary to think about how advertising fits in with a company image and the ideals that a company wants to project.A company that prides itself on discretion(谨慎), for example, would probably not want to deliver an interruptive email marketing campaign based on browsing habits.题组三The Hidden Meaning of Kids’ Scribbles(胡乱画)A parent might place his daughter’s tadpole(蝌蚪)drawing on the fridge out of a love for his child rather than for the funky-looking image, but for many people, that tadpole art is actually quite charming. In fact, adult abstract artists were often inspired by children’s drawing. Observers have found similar patterns in modem abstract art and kids’ drawing.Acknowledging that young kids aren’t as eager to produce a realistic r endering(呈现)helps demonstrate what the drawing experience means to them. For many kids, drawing is enjoyable not because of the final product it leads to, but because they can live completely in the world of their drawing for a few minutes. Adults may find it hard to relate to this sort of full-body, short experience. But the opportunities for self-expression that drawing provides have important, even therapeutic, value for kids.Maureen Ingram , who’s a preschool teacher, said her students often tell different stories about a given piece of art depending on the day ,perhaps because they weren’t sure what they intended to draw when they started the picture. “We as adults will often say, I’m going to draw a horse, and we set out…and get frustrated when we can’t do it,”Ingram said. “They seem to take a much more sensible approach, where they just draw,” and then they realize, “it is a horse.”Ultimately, what may be most revealing about kids, art isn’t the art itself but what they say during the drawing process. Studies suggest that kids will create an elaborate narrative(详细的故事)while drawing ,but when tellingadults about their work they’ll simply name the items or characters in the image.And what about those odd or scary-looking drawings? Does that mean kids are telling themselves stories that are odd or scary? It’s hard to say, but it’s rarely a good idea to over-interpret it. Ellen Winner, a psychology professor at Boston College, pointed to parents who worry when their kid draws a child the same size as the adults, wondering whether she’s suffering from, say, a feeling of impotence—a desire to feel as powerful as older people. But the likely reason is that the child hasn’t yet learned how to differentiate size; the easiest solution is to just make all the figures the same size.What’s most important to remember is that “children’s art has its own logic,” Winner said. “Children are not being crazy.”。

三模前阅读理解专题练18题组一AItem 1You thought your curved TV was cool? The LG SignatureOLED TV R is a 65-inch 4K TV that is, unlike your lameand rigid screen, rollable, and can retract(收回)into its basewhen you’re not enjoying it. While you can control it usingeither Google Assistant or Amazon Alexa, the TV R alsosupports Apple’s AirPlay 2 and HomeKit.Item 2Gaming laptops aren’t new, but they usually lack powercompared to their beefier desktop counterparts. Nvidia’slatest announcement changes that, and brings thedesktop-class power found in its RTX line of graphics cardsto laptops. More than 40 laptop models will turn up by theend of the month with RTX graphics cards inside, which canproduce more realistic graphics and boost performance forthe most gamers.Item 3If sleeping is harder than it should be, the Dreem band mightbe able to help you figure out what you’re doing wrong. TheDreem band is a fabric-covered headband that wraps aroundyour head and uses a combination of sensors like the ones inyour Apple Watch to detect various biometrics like yourheart rate and respiration activity. It also uses boneconduction to communicate audio cues to you privately.Item 4Samsung’s shown off its Micro LED technology in the past,using it to build The Wall, a 146-inch TV. The company’snow showing off a smaller Micro LED TV. Using Samsung’sMicro LED panels, you can create a variety of display sizessupporting different aspect ratios, going from an ultra-wide21:9 screen to a perfectly square 1:1 display without losingimage quality.56.If one likes doing things by himself, which of the items suits him best?A. Item 1.B. Item 2.C. Item 3.D. Item 4.57.Which of the following technologies appeared for the first time in the show?A. The TV R User’s controlling the TV by Google AssistantB. Nvidia’s laptops’ solving the problem of powerC. The Dreem band’s detect your heart rateD. Samsung’s Micro LED technology making a 146-inch TV possibleBReasons Every Teen Should Go To Summer Camp◆1 Improve Interpersonal Skills & Form Close FriendshipsIn a world where anyone can look up a fact and where machines are replacing even complex workplace tasks, employers need employees who can interact effectively with other people. This is one of the most important skills teens learn at camp. In the non-competitive camp culture, teens build up their “emotional intelligence”(EQ), their face-to-face communication and relationship skills.◆2 Experience Character Development and Develop Life SkillsTeens develop other important life skills at camp, including independence, responsibility, and decision-making. Teens grow considerably in environment away from their parents where they are forced to live on their own and find their own resources.◆3 Meet Positive Role ModelsWalk into any well-run summer camp and you’ll be surrounded by wholesome, outdoorsy young people. Camp offers teens the opportunity to be among young adults who are positive role models and to form close relationships with them. Most camp counselors are hard-working college students who want to serve others. Aren’tthey just the kind of young adults you want your teen to become?◆4 Discover Their Best SelfCamp experiences offer teens the chance to step back from the tiring task of academic and competitive sports and instead think about what’s important to them. Many campers become less self-absorbed after spending a few weeks at camp, learning to train their focus on others. They discover new hobbies and avenues to pursue in education and their future careers.58.What can teens acquire in the camp to meet their future career?A. Computer competence.B. Communication skills.C. Adventurous spirit.D. Academic quality.59.Which of the following best describes camp counselors?A. Committed.B. Ambitious.C. Humorous.D. Demanding.60.What change can camp experiences bring to many campers?A. Preferring non-competitive culture.B. Becoming positive role models.C. Focusing more on academics competition.D. Finding more suitable future career choices.CFor as long as there have been gifts, we naturally make choices based on the recipient(接受者). But what if we have been wrong all along and that we could turn things around, which not only made gift buying easier, but the recipient happier?In 2015, psychologists Lauren Human and Lara Aknin conducted an online survey, which suggested that when people buy gifts, they prefer to choose something based on the recipient’s personality and tastes. Most people also said that they preferred receiving gifts bought with them in mind: gifts for them.But Human and Aknin wondered if this approach to giving failed to take advantage of the way we connect as people. So they sent 78 volunteers into a shopping centre before Mother’s Day. Half were told to buy a card that “reveals(揭示)your knowledge of the recipient” while the others set out to buy a card that “reveals your true self”. After the purchase, the givers who had thought partly of themselves reported feeling emotionally closer to their mothers.To find out how that approach goes down with recipients, the psychologists did another test, asking more than 100 students to choose a song on iTunes to give to a friend, partner or family member. Each half of the group received the same instructions as the card buyers. Results revealed that recipients of songs that revealed something of the givers felt closer to them than those who received gifts bought only with them in mind.Human and Aknin suggest it might apply to all gifts. “If buildin g stronger social connections is the underlying(潜在的)goal” of a gift and surely it should be—then we “may well be advised to offer moreself-reflective gifts”. In short, for a present to be meaningful, you need to give away a bit of yourself, even if there is a risk that the gift might not so closely suit the recipient’s practical needs or tastes as one acquired purely with that in mind.Moreover, giving something of oneself can be a safer act, the psychologists added. Because it reduces the risk of revealing poor knowledge of a recipient by attempting to buy something that fits their character—and failing.But a note of caution here: what the research does not examine is the potential risk in repeated, unsympathetic giver-centered giving, which, according to Human and Aknin “could signal self-obsession” —and nobody wants to reveal that about themselves.61.From the Mother’s Day card test, we can conclude that _______.A. gifts chosen with the giver in mind work well on the giverB. most people choose gifts with the recipient in mindC. most people choose gifts based on their personal tastesD. gifts chosen with the giver in mind work well on the recipient62.What do the underlined words “them, them” refer to in order of appearance?A. The recipients; the giversB. The givers; the recipientsC. The givers; the giversD. The recipients; the recipients63.What does the author think is the significance of gift giving?A. Making the giver’s life happier.B. Showing one’s knowledge of the recipient.C. Establishing and strengthening social connections.D. Meeting the recipient’s practical needs.64.Which of the following is Human and Aknin’s advice on gift giving?A. Choose gifts that reflect more of yourself.B. Just focus on your own tastes when choosing gifts.C. Buy something that fits the recipient’s character most.D. Be careful not to signal your true personality.DShelly hugged her husband. “Be careful, Billy.”“Come on, Shell!” Bill rolled his eyes. “You worry too much, Honey. Me and the boys will be OK. It’s just a three—day trip. We’ll catch enough halibut to be able to fix up the baby’s room the way you want it.” ‘“Billy, I love you and worry every time you go to sea, especially in winter.”“Shell, I promise I’ll be careful. I may be the youngest captain in this port, but I’m the most careful. I learned at the helm of Daddy’s boat, which I was practically raised on.”They hugged again. Bill planted a tender kiss on her cheek, rested his open palm on her slightly swollen stomach, “Besides, I need to be here. Little Billy will need his daddy.” Shelly slapped him on the shoulder. “It’s Billy Jean and you know it.”Bill laughed, “Not on my watch, Girl. I gave you a boy to take over as captain.”Their laughter broke the tension. “I have to go, Shell. See you in a few days?” He turned to leave and then turned back, reached into the pocket of his heavy coat and pulled out an envelope.” I almost forgot. Here’s my letter?”Shelly took the crisp envelope and slipped into the pocket of her dress. “Thanks,Bill y.” It had been their custom since they started dating. Billy gave her a note before he went to sea. She wasn’t allowed to open it until the next day. He usually wrote of love or sometimes something silly - both made her smile. She wrote a reply and left it on the kitchen table for him. Reading her reply was the first thing he did when he came home.She watched as her husband walked the length of the pier to where the forty-five foot “Shelly Girl” and his crew waited. He gave a final wave and climbed aboard.Shelly stood by their pickup truck and watched until the boat rounded the point and disappeared from view. “I love you, Billy.” she whispered. “Be safe.”①That evening, five hundred miles to the south, a small winter depression moved north along the Atlantic coast of the USA. Experts found an unexpected change in the jet stream, which would make the small depression become a raging winter storm.②Shelly woke in the morning and listened to the weather report on the battered radio sitting on kitchen table. The phone rang. “Hello.”“Shelly?”“Hi, Gail!” She recognized the voice of her friend, who was the wife of one of Billy’s crew. “Have you heard the weather?”“Hang on a second. I just turned the radio on.” Shelly’s face paled as she heard the weather perso n say a major winter depression had moved into the area. “Oh crap!”“That’s what [ said too.”“They’ll be OK, Gail. They’re experienced fishermen.” Shelly said to Gail It was a attempt to convince herself that her man would be safe. ③Off the south shore of Nova Scotia, Bill struggled to control the Shelly Girl in the growing waves. Wind and water attacked Bill and his crew from all directions. The forty-and fifty-foot walls of water were too much of a challenge for the young captain.The force of the water flipped the boat over, tore the wheelhouse off and tossed Bill and his crew into the icy Atlantic.The water, only a few degrees above the freezing point, soon overcame Bill’s will to live. “Shelly!He took a last painful breath of salt water and slipped below the surface.④The crisp envelope bent beneath her fingers as she laid it on her lap and read. “Shelly, you are my life,, my love and soon-to-be mother of our son-girl if that is what you really want. I’ll always come home.”Shelly reached for the pen in her dress pocket. Tears dripped from her face and stained the paper she wrote on, “________.”Her note sits on their kitchen table still—never read.65.Why was Shelly worried too much when Billy go to sea this time?A. Because she and their baby Billy Jean needed Billy’s protection and care.B. Because she knew from the radio that a major winter depression would come.C. Because she had a feeling that Billy would never return home.D. Because she cared about Billy’s safety in the sea, especially in wint er.66.What can we learn from the passage?A. Billy could read Shelly’s reply letter only when he returned home from the sea.B. Billy and Shelly wrote letters to each other since they got married.C. Shelly read Billy’s letter eagerly each time she got hi s letter.D. They exchanged their letters with each other every time Billy went out.67.Which word can be filled in the blank in the passage?A. weakB. strongC. hardD. desperate68.Where can the sentences “Shell sat in her favorite spot on the porch of their weathered beach house, the salty air sticking to her heavy winter clothes. The oncoming storm blew sand across her winter boots.,” be put in?A. ①B. ②C. ③D. ④69.Which of the following may be Shelly’s reply to Billy’s letter?A. Billy, you were so brave, I always knew.B. Billy, I always knew the ocean was your home.C. Billy, I always knew, you would come back.D. Billy, I love you, I would always wait for you.70.Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?A. An unlucky BillyB. A storm in lifeC. A broken ShellyD. Never read题组二ABuilding a company website is one of the most important parts of creating a successful business. But designing a website can be time consuming and expensive. Web designers are difficult to work with, and even though you’re paying them. There are cheaper ways to establish your company online, and Wix. com stands out among them.Wix. com offers free HTML5 and Flash website design that you can do on your own, without having to pay for a pricey web designer. With unlimited space for as many pages as you want, customized looks, photo galleries, and blog platform capabilities, social networking buttons, Wix has everything a business of any size needs to make an impact online. You get f ull control over what information fills in the blanks, and you don’t have to know a thing about HTML to make this work. The way your website looks says a lot about your company. Wix does that, and it does it for free. Another thing that makes Wix the most affordable option in creating a website is that you don’t have to pay for a separate web host—every page created on Wix is hosted on Wix, free of charge.The Internet is the marketplace of ideas: your company needs to share what you think. If you think just because you don’t sell a product online you don’t need a website, you’re dead wrong. No matter what kind of business you have, if you want to reach an audience, you want to have a website that speaks to people. Wix lets you do that as quickly and easily as possible for free.If you have a bigger budget, Wix has more options than just the free website design. You can choose to upgrade(升级)to the ad-less version which won’t fill up your customer’s screens when they visit your site. But if the most importa nt thing to you is getting your company’s name online right now, try Wix. com today.56.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. Ways of finding free service.B. Advantages of Wix. com.C. Skills of creating websites.D. Tricks of running a company.57.What’s the purpose of the text?A. To teach a budget lesson.B. To make an advertisement.C. To present a website design.D. To introduce a new business.BAs New York City parents debate how to give all students fair access to good public schools, some advocates in Brooklyn want to abolish middle schools’ use of academic criteria to select students.Some supporters of the proposal for District 15 from its Diversity Plan Working Group are optimistic they will win, partly because New York City Schools Chancellor Richard Carranza has questioned the principle for accepting students by ability. Other parents are cautious, saying they want their hard-working children to have the chance to earn their way into desirable schools.District 15, which includes low-income immigrant neighborhoods such as Sunset Park and more-affluent(富裕的)areas like Park Slope, is one of the first in the city trying to change its admission system to better integrate(整合)all of its middle schools. Its Diversity Group, which includes parents and city Department of Education officials, has tried to drum up support by hosting workshops and seeking community input.Michele Greenberg, a District 15 parent, calls the proposal more fair than the current selective system, which she said discriminates against students with few resources. “Children shouldn’t be rejected because they don’t somehow fit,” she said.Department officials said they will decide on the proposal this summer. If approved, the plan would mark a huge change from today’s method. Now, students rank the schools they want to attend, and schools rank students they want to enroll, based on varying criteria such as course grades, test scores, behavior, attendance, punctuality and auditions. The department makes matches. Many parents complain this complex process brings massive anxiety.Alina Rodriguez, a special-education teacher who works and lives in District 15, feels torn. As a mother, she believes her daughter would get into a strong middle school through selective admissions. But as a teacher, she worries many of her students aren’t prepared for more severe choices. “I want them to be pushed but don’t want them to fail,” she said.Screened(筛选的)admission has led to enrollment disparities(差异)by income and race. About 70% of the district’s white students clustered at three top-performing, low-poverty middle schools last year, including M.S.51, Math & Science Exploratory School and New V oices, according to state data. At two lower-performing schools, by contrast, nearly all students were poor and Hispanic. Andrew Robertson, a District 15 parent, said the proposal would equalize the playing field. “The people so frightened by the concept are the modern-day version of people worried about civil rights,” he said.58.According to the passage, the present selective system of competitive public schools ________.A. equalizes the playing field for students rich or poorB. doubts the principle for accepting students by abilityC. abolishes middle schools’ use of academic standard sD. attaches importance to students’ school performance59.Who holds a conflicting attitude towards the proposal?A. Alina RodriguezB. Richard CarranzaC. Andrew RobertsonD. Michele Greenberg60.What is the best title of the passage?A. Students get equal access to educationB. The new proposal gains great currencyC. School entry plan draws mixed reactionD. Screened admission should be canceledCThe world we live in is becoming increasingly complex and uncertain. And with it, the conventional thinking of yesterday is no longer sufficient. Creating real breakthrough opportunities requires a fundamental change in our thinking. As Einstein said, “We can’t solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them.”There’s no be tter example of this than the myth of the four-minute mile.For centuries, runners had been attempting to run a mile in under four minutes. In the 1950s, the attempt to break the barrier took on renewed importance, and a number of famous runners publicly and unsuccessfully attempted the challenge. Many of the newspapers of the day began to question whether humans would ever be able to run a sub-four-minute mile. Then, in 1954, a man named Roger Bannister did the unthinkable. He broke through the imaginary barrier, running the mile in 3 minutes and 59.4 seconds. It was an amazing achievement.But here’s what’s really interesting: it was only forty-six days later that another runner broke Bannister’s record. And the following year, two new runners broke the four-minute mark in the same race. Dozens followed, and as of this writing, more than 1,400 runners have accomplished the goal, including one runner who ran two miles in less than eight minutes.Did something change with respect to human body, track conditions, weather patterns, running shoes, or the human diet between the start of Bannister’s race and the few years that followed? No. So what explains the sudden and dramatic explosion of athletic achievement?The myth’s unimaginable power over runners had lif ted. What Bunnister had done was not just break the four —minute—mile barrier; he shattered(粉碎)the myth that created the barrier in the first place. This paradigm(榜样)had offered a set of actions available for runners to take. Runners were really free to run through the invented boundary.Creating breakthroughs requires shattering the myths that limit our imagination and lock us into conventional thinking. Think about your own situation. What myths are you stuck in? And what would be possible if you had the courage to challenge the myths?61.What is needed to create breakthroughs?A. Conventional thinking.B. Changes in our thinking.C. Complex situation.D. Einstein’s encouragement.62.What was the real barrier that kept runners succeeding in the four-minute mile?A. The belief that it was unachievable.B. Lack of professional training.C. The poor track conditions.D. Lack of sufficient diet.63.The example of Roger Bannister is used to .A. list a new record in the raceB. prove newspapers are wrongC. show barrier can be brokenD. call on us to learn from him64.What does the writer try to explain in Paragraph 6?A. The power of the myth.B. The achievements of Bannister.C. The importance of running freely.D. The significance of breaking barriers.65.What is the best title of the passage?A. Creating BreakthroughsB. Accepting the MythsC. Locking Your ImaginationD. Becoming the Best AthleteDA recent BBC documentary, The Town That Never Refired sought to show the effects of increasing the state pension age by putting retirees back to work.Although the documentary was fun, they need not have bothered. Away from the cameras, a great numbers of older people are staying in work. Since the start of the economy declines that began in 2008. the number of 16-to 24-year-olds in work has fallen by 597,000. Over the same period the number of workers over the age of 65 has increased by 240.000.The graying of the British workforce dates back to around 2001 since when the proportion of older people working has nearly doubled. But it has accelerated since the start of the economy declines. There are severalreasons why. Happily, people are living longer and healthier lives, which makes staying in work less discouraging than it was. Less happily, low interest rates, a disappointing stock market and the end of many defined-benefit(固定收益)pension schemes make it a financial necessity. And changing attitudes, inspired by rules against age discrimination, are making it easier than ever.Most older workers are simply hanging on at the office: 63% of workers over state pension age have been with their employer for more than ten years. Over two-thirds of them work part-time, mostly doing jobs that they once performed full-time. A big advantage is that they need not pay national insurance contributions.According to Stephen McNair, director of the Centre for Research into the Older Workforce the flexibility explains why older workers have not suffered so much in the period of economy decline Instead of cutting back on the workforce, as in previous depression, many firms have stopped taking on new workers and cut working hours. At small businesses m particular, keeping on older workers is cheaper and less risky than training replacements. Over half of workers overstate pension age work for businesses with fewer than 25 employees.Christopher Nipper, who owns David Nipper, a women’s wear manufacturer based in Derbyshire, prizes his semi-retired workers, who can be employed at short notice and do not need to work full-time to survive. Retired machinists can fill in if there is a rise in orders; former sales advisers can work as part-time consultants. As his competitors have moved production abroad, leaving the pool of trained labor behind, continuing to have older workers and their skills has become even more important.There is a tendency for the older workforce to expand• Workers over the age of 50 who are made unemployed find it harder to pick up new jobs, which could mean that more of them want to work than are able to. The Office for Budget Responsibility, the fiscal watchdog, reported on July 12th that an ageing, unproductive population is the biggest long-term threat to Britain’s economic health.Data from the OECD, a think-tank, shows that employment rates among workers approaching retirement age are split in Europe, with old workers hanging on best in the north. Government credit ratings follow a similar pattern. That Britain’s ageing workforce more closely resembles Germany’s than Italy’s co uld prove the country’s being saved from harm.66.Which of the following can be inferred from the BBC documentary The Town That Never Retired?A. It has received good comments from audience.B. What it intends to reveal is contrary to the reality.C. It aims to criticize the poor pension system in the UK.D. It reflects the current phenomenon of retirees coming back to work.67.According to the passage, the underlined word “it” in Para.3 refers to _______.A. a financial necessityB. staying in work after retiringC. age discriminationD. the changing attitude68.According to Christopher Nieper, why are semi-retired workers favored in hiring?A. Because the pool of labor in the UK is emptied.B. Because they can fill in the job vacancy in a brief time.C. Because their working hours can be as flexible as they want.D. Because they work harder than the young because of economic pressure.69.The report from the Office for Budget Responsibility shows the older workforce will play a _______ role in thecountry’s economic healthA. steadyB. positiveC. negativeD. fundamental70.It can be concluded from the last paragraph that _______.A. Britain’s credit ratings are higher than Italy’sB. Britain’s ageing workforce is similar to Italy’sC. Brita in’s rescue measure is better than Germany’sD. Britain’s employment rates of ageing workforce are higher than Germany’s题组三AWhy YOUR keyless car could be gone in 23 seconds: It’s a crime wave reaching high proportions and the gadgets(小装置)used to hack into your car and steal it are being sold to thieves by High Street locksmiths.Car thieves are using high-tech gadgets to break into and steal cars in seconds. One thief stands by a house to pick up a signal from a car key using a relay. The relay broadcasts the signal to the car, where a second thief opens the door. The scheme, which does not involve breaking windows, steals cars in seconds.Thousands of cars across Britain are at risk of a new form of high-tech theft which allows thieves to fool bypass the security systems in keyless cars using a relay system to boost the signal. So-called ‘relay’ theft occurs when two thieves work together to break into keyless cars. They use equipment to capture electro-magnetic signals emitted by key fobs. Any vehicle with keyless entry could be easily stolen. These include cars from BMW, Ford, Audi, Land Rover, Volkswagen and Mercedes.56.Why does the crime wave reach high proportions?A. The security system in cars couldn’t let off electro-magnetic signals.B. With high-tech gadgets, car thieves could easily steal keyless cars.C. High Street locksmiths invented new-style devices against theft.D. Drivers tended to leave their cars naturally without locking doors.57.What’s the procedure of the car thieves’ stealing cars?a. The relay sends a signal to the car.b. The car is cheated and unlocks the door.c. Relay box boosts car key signal.d. A second thief starts the car and drives it off.A. c, a, b, dB. a, c, b, dC. b, d, c, aD. d, b, c, aBCamp Odayin provides fun, safe and supportive camp experiences and community building opportunities for young people and their families this year.。

2020年全国高考英语模拟试卷三及答案选择题（共80分）第一部分：英语知识运用第一节：单项填空（共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分）从题目所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1. — What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the basketball game.— ______. Whatever you want to do is fine with me.A.It just dependsB. It’s up to youC. All rightD. Glad to hear that.2. Scientists say it may be five or six years _____ it is possible to test this medicine onhuman patients.A. sinceB. afterC. beforeD. when3. The best method to ______ this goal is to unite as many people as possible.A. undertakeB.conductC. performD. accomplish4. Why! I have nothing to confess. ______ you want me to say?A.What is it thatB.What it is thatC. How is it thatD.How it is that5. You may______remember some idioms in the texts but you couldn’t ______ remember all the words in them.A.probably; possiblyB. possibly; likelyC.probably; likelyD. likely; possibly6. We agreed to accepted ______ they thought was the best tourist guide.A. whateverB. anyoneC. whicheverD. whoever7. If you live in the country or have ever visited there, ______ are that you have heard birds singing to welcome the new day.A. situationsB. factsC. possibilitiesD. chances8. — Why was our foreign teacher unhappy yesterday?— News about the tsunami striking her country ______ an attack of homesickness.A. set forB. set outC. set aboutD. set off 9. —You didn’t invite Mary to the ball?—___ her, too?A. Must I inviteB. Would I have invitedC. Must I have invitedD. Should I have invited10. The factory produced many famous cars, none of ____ shipped to foreign countries.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. them11. By the time I saw the angry expression on his face, I ______ exactly what I was having to face. But not for a moment ______ I should quit.A. had known; I thoughtB. have known; had I thoughtC. would know; I would thinkD. knew; did I think12. Julie is one of those women who always _____ the latest fashion.A. put up withB. keep up withC. come up withD. get on with13. The pollution is getting worse and worse; we must stop pollution ______ a better life.A. to liveB. from livingC. livingD. live14. Some kinds of animals can ______ the color of their surroundings.A. take onB. dress upC. put onD. get into15. I wonder what it feels like to be one of ______ really rich. The Browns already haveRolls Royce and now they are buying ______ third.A. the; theB. /; aC. the; aD. /; the16. ----Shall we go and help them with their work?----We’d better not. They said we’d just be ______ if we tried to help.A. in a wayB. by the wayC. on the wayD. in the way17. ---What do you think made her mother so angry?---______ the exam.A. Because she didn’t passB. Her not passingC. She didn’t passD. Because of her not passing18. Had they known what was coming next, they _____ second thoughts.A. may haveB. must have hadC. could haveD. might have had19. She lost her temper, ______ I decided to go back home.A. in this caseB. in which occasionC. at which pointD. in the event20. Korean culture is really popular right now. The Korean Wave is ______ Asian countriesincluding China.A. sweepingB. strikingC. appplyingD. experiencing第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21～40各题所给的四个选项（A.B.C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

三模前任务型阅读专题练03题组一Friends in your life are like pillars on your porch. Sometimes they hold you up and sometimes they lean on you. Sometimes it’s just enough to know they’re standing by. Friendship doubles your joy and divides your sorrow.A friendship is priceless and should be developed.◆Remembering the golden ruleWithout a doubt, the greatest human relations principle is to treat other people like you want to be treated. When you show respect for your friends and gratitude for their friendship, you’ll be blessed in untold ways.Whatever the cause of others’ rudeness, you don’t have to accentuate(突出)the problem. A kind word or a gentle, understanding smile may help the person more than returned rudeness would.◆Considering enemies as friendsA friend looks after your own good. On the other hand, a foe(敌人)is someone who isn’t interested in your well-being.Yet some students view their teachers as enemies. However, a student’s success in school partly depends on the teacher’s effectiveness in the classroo m. Instead of being an enemy, a teacher who corrects you and helps you to achieve can be the best friend you ever had.So change this kind of thinking and adjust yourself a little, both of you are better off.◆Making friends by being an optimistDo you enjoy being around a pessimist, someone who is generally described as being able to brighten up a room just by leaving it? The answer is obvious. Most people have a preference for being around people who believe that tomorrow is going to be better than today, rather than people who believe that today is even worse than yesterday.◆Capturing the pleasing personalityHow do you develop a pleasing personality? Here are some steps you can take:Smile when you see someone. You don’t have to give a wide grin—just a pleasant, friendly smile.Speak in a pleasant, upbeat tone of voice. Talk to people as if they are good friends, even if they don’t really fall into that category yet.Take a course in public speaking. The ability to express yourself attracts favorable attention from many sources.Develop a sense of humor. Pick up a couple of joke books. This makes you a little more outgoing and friendly.◆Don’t criticize unjustlyInstead of criticizing others all the time, take the humane(人道的) and sensible approach. Look for the good in others. Encourage them. Build them up.To conclude, most people seldom think through each situation completely and consider the other person’s point of view. If you take the time and effort to do this, you’ll end up befriending more peopl e.Passage outline Supporting detailsIntroduction to friendship Friends in your life are like pillars on your porch. Sometimes friends share each other’s (72) ▲ and sorrow.(71) ▲ of developing friendship ◆Remembering the gold ruleTreat other s like you want to be treated. Don’t have to accentuate the problem even though they are (73) ▲ to you, because sometimes a gentle understanding (74) ▲ is better than returned rudeness.◆Considering enemies as friends(75) ▲ of enemies as friends can make both of you better off.◆ Making friends by being an optimistMost people (76) ▲ to be around the ones who are optimistic.◆Capturing the pleasing personality●Give a (77) ▲ and friendly smile.●Speak in a pleasant, upbeat tone of voice.●Take a course about speaking (78) ▲ .●Develop a sense of humor.◆Don’t criticize unjustly●(79) ▲ criticizing others.●Look for the good in others.题组二There are times when you want to know how to make friends. Maybe you are ju st not confident because you’re afraid that people may not react the way you want them to. But it is not very hard to make friends; it is just what you think it is that makes you not willing to do it. Continue reading to find out how!Don’t be mean or rude; you do not want to lose any potential friends. Be nice and friendly. If you want to make friends, you first need to put yourself out there somehow in order to meet people. If you just sit alone, friends might come to you, but the odds are much smaller. I f you’re still in school, sit somewhere with other people. It doesn’t have to be the ‘‘popular’’ or ‘‘cool’’ table, or a crowded one, but one with at least two other people. Hang out with many others. The popular kids won’t matter when you’re older, but a true friend will be there for you forever.There is no necessary need to have a lot of common interests with people in order to make friends with them. But if you like a specific topic, try searching for just an organization or a club where you can find people who are also interested in it and become a member of it. It’s a great way to meet new local people.V olunteering is also a great way for people of all ages to meet others. By working together you build bonds with people, and you might meet others who have a passion for changing things the way you do, that is, a common cause.There are many ways to start a conversation-a comment about your immediate environment(The weather is a classic: ‘‘At least it’s not raining like last week!’’), a request for help (‘‘Can you help me carry a few boxes, if you have a minute?’’or ‘‘Can you help me decide which one of these is a better gift for my mum?’’) or a compliment (‘‘I love your shoes.’’). Follow up immediately with a related question: Do you like this warm weat her? What kinds of gifts do you normally buy for your mums? Where did you get shoes like that? Also, make a small talk. Remember the 30% talking and 70% listening ratio during small talk.You’ve probably heard of fair-weather friends. They’re the ones who are happy to be around you when things are going well, but are nowhere to be found when you really need them. Part of being a friend is being prepared to make sacrifices of your time and energy in order to help your friends out. If a friend needs help with an unpleasant chore, or if he or she just needs a shoulder to cry on, be there. If your friend tells a joke, laugh with him or her. Never complain about a friend. If you and your friend agree to meet somewhere, don’t be late, and do not stand him or her u p. If you’re not going to make it on time or make it at all, call him or her as soon as you realize it. Apologize and ask to reschedule. Be someone who people know that they can count on.In a word, when you get along with people around you, it’s important for you to actively approach others, start a small conversation freely and then develop a close relationship with others.题组三For decades, sociologists have been trying to understand why certain people rise to the top of their fields. A number of theories have emerged, so if you’re struggling on the path of success, perhaps these will give you some new clues.IQ is OverratedA high IQ is necessary, but it is not adequate to predict executive competence and corporate success. While people with high test scores do have more opportunities, that doesn’t mean that smart people are more successful. In fact, in many fields the link between success and intelligence is often weak or non-existent. Nobel Prize winning Israeli-American psychologist, Daniel Kahneman, found that people would rather do business with a person they like and trust rather than someone they don’t, even if the likeable person is offering a lower quality product or service at a higher price.The 10,000 Hours TheoryA Professor at the University of Colorado named Anders Ericsson decided to look at the differences betweenamateurs and professionals. In 1993, he released a paper that found on average amateurs only got about 4000 hours of practice, but professionals had practiced for at least 10,000 hours. While there’s some debate over whether 10,000 hours is a rule or just a theory, many experts agree that a significant number of people who are considered "great" have, on average, 10,000 hours of experience.Deliberate PracticeIf no one is born talented and you need 10,000 hours of practice, what’s the most effective way of using those hours? One theory is something sociologists call "deliberate practice." Essentially, there are six elements. The practice needs to be meant to specifically improve performance, and is even more effective if there’s coaching. It needs to be repeatable, and feedback regularly is crucial. It also has to be demanding, either physically or mentally. If you’re doing all of this correctly, it shouldn’t be a fun experience. An example would be a basketball player who isn’t very good at free throws spending hours and hours just doing free throws while being coached. Not a great time no matter how big of a basketball fan you are.No One Succeeds on Their OwnWhile it would be nice to succeed simply because we work hard, life doesn’t work that way. We need help and support from friends, family and teachers, and then we need chances from employers and other key figures in the fields we choose to pursue. In order to succeed, the gifts and interests of a person need to be encouraged, especially at a young age. Then as they grow up, people need to be given opportunities, breaks and second chances. Without help from other people, it makes it impossible to succeed because as Gladwell points out, “… no one—not rock stars, not professional athletes, not software billionaires, and not even geniuses—ever makes it alone.”You Have Amazing PotentialOn average, the human mind can remember a sequence of seven to nine numbers. After that it becomes incredibly hard to remember all the numbers in the right order. Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University wanted to know if someone of average intelligence could break that barrier with practice. Through a lot of tests, researchers discovered what they called “the remarkable potential of ‘ordinary’ adults and their amazing capacity for change with practice.” Their research showed that even “ordinary” people have the potential to be great by challenging themselves. If you work hard, your goals can be more attainable than you thought.。

三模前阅读理解专题练15题组一AEvery week there are amazing things to do in Los Angeles with kids! We’ve collected a list of what we think are the most fun, most interesting family events in LA at the beginning of 2020—and hopefully will result in LA parents and kids having the best time together as a family!Kids Were ActivitiesVroman’s Bookstore 695 E. Colorado Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91101Vroman’s Bookstore is hosting special Kids Week Activities all week long from Monday, Jan. 6th through Friday, Jan. 10th. Different activities are planned each day including an Art Extravaganza(on Tuesday)and Superhero Day(on Wednesday). All activities are free, but reserve in advance to make sure there are enough supplies and materials available for everyone. Check the website for a schedule of events.Into the WoodsHollywood Bowl 2301 N. Highland Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90068Enjoy a performance of Into the Woods happening at the Hollywood Bowl on Friday, Jan. 10th(8:00 pm), Saturday, Jan. 11th(8:00 pm), and Sunday, Jan. 12th(7:30 pm). Be a part of “an enchanted world of magic beans, towering giants, and handsome princes.” Tickets are available online.Family Sandcastle Building DayCabrillo Marine Aquarium 3720 Stephen M. White Dr., San Pedro, CA 90731Head to the Cabrillo Marine Aquarium on Saturday, Jan.11th 10:00 am to 3:00 pm for Family Sandcastle Building Day. Bring your favorite sandcastle building tools and your creativity to this free event.(The sand on the beach will already be thoroughly wet down and ready for creative builders!)Outdoor Art Moves, Winter 2020 & 826LA@Hammer: Who’s Got the Art? Hammer Museum 10899 Wilshire BIvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024The Hammer Museum is hosting two different special events on Sunday, Jan.12th. At both 11:00 am & 1:00 pm, children aged 5 and above can participate in Outdoor Art Moves, Winter 2020 led by movement director Zoe Rappa-port. Families will “discover relationships between nature, art, and the creative process” during these special movement activities. Free popsicles will be available after the program.Also happening at 11:00 am is 826LA@Hammer: Who’s Got the Art? Children aged 8-14 will help “inspect the galleries, correct clues, and crack the case of a legendary mystery theft." This workshop is designed for up to 20 students, so reservations are encouraged.56. Which activity needs to be booked in advance?A. Kids Week Activities.B. The performance Into the Woods.C. Family Sandcastle Building Day.D. Outdoor Art Moves, Winter 2020.57. For kids enjoying playing detectives, they can go _______.A. 695 E. Colorado Blvd., PasadenaB. 2301 N. Highland Ave, Los AngelesC. 3720 Stephen M. White Dr. San PedroD. 10899 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angles58. The passage is mainly intended for _______.A. parents and kidsB. artists and directorsC. guides and touristsD. builders and architectsBThe other day I was shopping at the local Chinese grocery store. There was a line at the fish counter, but only one staff person was there to take care of the customers. Some customers ordered quite an amount of fish for that staff person to work on. At last I was the second in line. All I wanted was a couple of crabs and should get out of there in no time.Noticing it was very busy at the fish counter, another staff person came over to help. I was ready to be served, but the staff person went to the end of the line and began to help a couple of ladies with snail(蜗牛). The customers in front of me, being served, turned around and looked at me sympathetically and the customer behind me called to the staff person, “You should start here,” pointing at me. He was, well, ignored.If someone asked me, “What is the most important rule to follow in America?” I would reply without hesitation. “Wait your turn at all times.” Wherever you go here in this country, you will find people waiting in a line quietly to get anything: whether in the supermarkets, department stores, bus stops, or gas stations, it’s just a matter of waiting your turn. In a larger sense, “wait your turn” is more than just a guid eline — it is a very basic rule that reflects the fundamental value of the western cultures. But in some situations your turn does not always come based on when you get there and how long you have waited in line, just like my case at the store. Even though this did not often happen, it did make me feel upset.59. What happened to the author at the store?A. He was ill-treated by a customer.B. He wasn’t served upon his order.C. He was asked to be served later.D. He was asked to do others a favor.60. What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refer to?A. His belief.B. His culture.C. His experience.D. His rule.61. Why did the author write the text?A. To emphasize his kindness to others.B. To introduce some western cultures to us.C. To express his belief and his feeling.D. To show his disbelief in Queuing Rule.CSurrounded by the sea off the coast in Mid-Norway, lies an island called Myken. This small island has about ten permanent residents, and for more than 50 years has been supplied with electricity via a 32-kilometer undersea cable(电缆). A break that appeared in the cable last autumn resulted in two months without power, so the islandcommunity started looking into a better way of sourcing their electricity.“Myken is far out at sea, so as far as possible it should be taking care of things itself,” says Kyrre Sundseth, who is a hydrogen(氢)researcher in Norway and also the project manager for Myken’s energy project. “This is why we want Myken to become entirely self-sufficient in energy. It is also important to take the environment into consideration,” he says.Much points to the idea that the solution may lie in a Hydrogen plant, specifically tailored for small islands. The “raw materials” for hydrogen production come from nature itself in the form of the sun and wind. Researchers have calculated that energy costs will be lower by using hydrogen production than the undersea cable option. And it is possible to store energy in the form of hydrogen for longer periods. This means that supplies will not have to rely on a lot of expensive batteries or external energy sources, even during periods when the sun isn’t shining, or the wind isn’t blowing.The Myken project has attracted several technology companies. They are currently working on a pilot project. The pilot involves experiments on the feasibility(可行性)of the hydrogen system in which electricity is generated from solar and wind sources. The electricity can be used immediately, but during periods when all the energy generated is not required, the spare energy can be used to split seawater into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen can be stored in a tank, and used later to generate electricity. The pilot will help researchers know more about how effectively the system will work in the hydrogen plant. Since the island has a distillery(酿酒厂), where the distillation(蒸馏)process relies on energy, a hydrogen plant on Myken offers an even greater environmental benefit. Spare heat from the hydrogen system can also be used for the heating part in the distillation process.“In Norway alone there are about 300 island inhabited all year round by small populations,” says Kyrre Sundseth. “All of these islands may be candidates for using this technology. In global terms we’re talking about 10,000 similar islands.”62. Why is a hydrogen plant suitable for Myken?A. It is perfect in size for small islands.B. It can send electricity to faraway places.C. It will restore local natural environment.D. It provides green and sustainable energy.63. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?A. The study on the energy storage.B. The test on the hydrogen system.C. The experiment on the raw materials.D. The research on the innovation of the pilot.64. According to the passage, a hydrogen plant will _______.A. produce purified seawaterB. prove more technically reliableC. contribute in more than one wayD. benefit from the distillation process65. What does Kyrre Sundseth think of the project?A. Promising.B. Systematic.C. Irreplaceable.D. Time saving.DWith the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most controversial issue across the United States today is the death penalty. Many argue that it is an effective deterrent(威慑)to murder, while others maintain there is no convincing evidence that the death penalty reduces the number of murders.The principal argument advanced by those opposed to the death penalty, basically, is that it is cruel and inhuman punishment, which is the mark of a brutal society, and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime anyway.In our opinion, the death penalty is a necessary evil. Throughout recorded history there have always been those extreme individuals in every society who were capable of terribly violent crimes such as murder. But some are more extreme than others.For example, it is one thing to take the life of another in a fit of blind rage, but quite another to coldly plot and carry out the murder of one or more people in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder, like all other crimes, is a matter of relative degree. While it could be argued with some conviction that the criminal in the first instance should be merely separated from society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer.The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to debate. But the overwhelming majority of citizens believe that the death penalty protects them. Their belief is strengthened by evidence which shows that the death penalty deters murder. For example, from 1954 to 1963, when the death penalty was consistently imposed in California, the murder rate remained between three and four murders for each 100,000 population. Since 1964 the death penalty has been carried out only once, and the murder rate has risen to 10.4 murders for each 100,000 population. The sharp climb in the state’s murder rate, which began when executions stopped, is no coincidence. It is convincing evidence that the death penalty does deter many murderers. If the bill reestablishing the death penalty is banned, innocent people will be murdered—some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect. This is literally a life or death matter. The lives of thousands of innocent people must be protected.66. The principal purpose of this passage is to _______.A. speak for the majorityB. initiate a banC. criticize the governmentD. argue for the value of the death penalty67. The author’s response to those who urge the death penalty for all is likely to be _______.A. negativeB. friendlyC. supportiveD. neutral68. According to the Paragraph 4, it can be inferred that _______.A. the death penalty is the most controversial issue in the United States todayB. the ban of the bill reestablishing the death penalty is of little importanceC. the second type of murderers should be sentenced to deathD. the value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime is not to be debated69. The passage attempts to establish a relationship between _______.A. the effects of execution and the effects of isolationB. the murder rate and the imposition of the death penaltyC. the importance of equal rights and that of the death penaltyD. executions and murders70. The author’s attitude towards “death penalty” is _______.A. opposingB. supportingC. neutralD. not clear题组二AAuthor Talks &Lectures in the Toronto Public LibraryIce Ghosts: The Epic Hunt for the Lost Franklin ExpeditionThu Apr 27, 20191:00 p.m.—2:00 p.m.Location: City HallPulitzer Prize-winning journalist Paul Watson on the epic hunt for the lost Franklin Expedition and the rare mix of marine science and Inuit knowledge that led to the shipwreck’s(海难的)recent discovery.No registration required.Toronto 1910: Tales of Our Past: Clergy and ConvictsTue May 02, 201912:00 p.m.—1:00 p.m.Location: Barbara FrumLearn about your city’s history and participate in reading and slide show featuring excerpts(节选)from a new historical fiction novel series.To register, please call 416-395-5440.Beneath the African Sun with Author Maria LynchWed May 03, 20197:00 p.m.—8:00 p.m.Location: Bloor/GladstoneJoin us for a book talk and Q &A with Maria Lynch, the author of Beneath the African Sun. Beneath the African Sun is a migrant’s story about moving from Portuguese Ind ia to British East Africa during the early 20th century. More than a history, it is a story about family, home, social justice and what it means to truly belong somewhere.Drop in. No registration required.The Science of ShakespeareWed May 10, 20197:00 p.m. —8:00 p.m.Location: BeachesWilliam Shakespeare lived in the first stage of the scientific revolution. New ideas about the human body, the earth, and the universe were transforming western thought—and—yet “Shakespeare” and “science” are rarely talked about in the same breath. Dan Falk will explore Shakespeare’s interest in the scientific discoveries of his time—asking what he knew, when he knew it, and how that knowledge is reflected in his works.No registration necessary.56. Where can you hear a lecture by a Pulitzer-Prize winner?A. Beaches.B. City Hall.C. Barbara Frum.D. Bloor/Gladstone.57. For which event do you need to register?A. The Science of Shakespeare.B. Beneath the African Sun with Author Maria Lynch.C. Toronto 1910: Tales of Our Past: Clergy and Convicts.D. Ice Ghosts: The Epic Hunt for the Lost Franklin Expedition.58. What can be inferred from the last lecture?A. Shakespeare was interested in the universe.B. Science is touched upon in Shakespeare’s works.C. The scientifi c revolution changed Shakespeare’s thought.D. Shakespeare had a deep understanding of the scientific revolution.BGiselle Burgess knew moving into a homeless shelter with her five kids would be tough for her family. For security reasons, kids can’t hang out in each other’s rooms or in the hallway, so Burgess wanted more of a community feel.As Queens community development specialist for the Girl Scouts(女童子军)of Greater New York, Burgess already knew the benefits of joining a troop. She figured out a perfect solution. So Burgess called Heidi Schmidt, director of government relations for the New York City Department of Homeless Services. Together, they formed a troop for the homeless shelter.Girl Scout troops from the other five New York boroughs(行政区)are numbered in the 1,000s, 2,000s, 3,000s, 4,000s, and 5,000s. The new troop picked 6,000 to represent the homeless girls. Other Girl Scout troops have formed in other states before, but this was the first one in New York.Just eight girls, including Burgess’ three daughters, attended the first meeting, but they quickly spread the word. Now, Troop 6000 has 25 consistent members. The girls had seen each other around in the building before, but the meetings turned them into friends.Troop members range in age f rom five years old to early teens, but the age gap doesn’t get in the way of their sisterly bond. The older members are protective of the younger, helping them with activities. Not only are they spreading love, but they’re learning responsibility.The troop is already inspiring feminist leadership in the girls. Even beyond their weekly activities learning about a theme like women’s suffrage(选举权), financial literacy, or first aid, the girls are stepping up as leaders. Every meeting, they shoulder responsibil ities such as handing out snacks, taking attendance, and cleaning up. “It builds in this level of respect because they all know they have to come around and take the role on,”says Schmidt.And that responsibility lasts beyond the Girl Scout meetings. The troop is trying to get the rest of the community involved. Burgess and Schmidt hope to encourage women to take on leadership roles with the troop and to bridge the gap between the shelter and the rest of the neighborhood. “It’s good for families to know they’re embraced and welcomed by the community. The girls can go on to do great things and not be restricted by their current situation,” says Schmidt.59. What does the underlined phrase “a perfect solution” refer to?A. Starting a Girl Scout troop in the homeless shelter.B. Calling on people to donate to help homeless girls.C. Raising homeless girls’ awareness of self-protection.D. Asking for relevant policies to protect homeless girls.60. What can we know about the girls joining Troop 6000?A. They organize activities every other week.B. They support each other and spread positivity.C. They are required to have certain leadership qualities.D. They are encouraged to realize their full potential.61. What is the most suitable title for the passage?A. Why Girl Scout troops are badly needed in NYCB. How Girl Scout troops are originated and developedC. NYC’s Girl Scout troops expand to all five boroughsD. NYC launches its first Girl Scout troop for homeless girlsCWhen Brody, a 4-year-old Connecticut boy, was asked what wish he wanted to come true, his only dream was that he could be able to play outside.Brody was born premature(早产)at 27 weeks, which caused him to overheat and burn easily. That means he can’t spend any time outside and he’l l get burn blisters(水疱)on his face even when he is driven to the hospital. Besides, there are a lot of things he can’t do. He has trouble walking and only began talking one year ago. Brody can’t eat or drink and has to wear a backpack 24/7 that contains a pump that feeds him. “I can’t even count the number of surgeries he’s had since he was born,” Brody’s mother said. “He’s spent probably half his life at the hospital.”When Make-A-Wish Connecticut, an organization that creates life-changing wishes for children with critical illnesses, heard about Brody’s request to play outside, they immediately jumped into action. “It’s the most simple, most sweet wish, just to play outside but it seems to be the most difficult to realize.” said Debbie Artinian, the manager of Make-A-Wish Connecticut.Artinian and her team determined that a temperature-controlled tent outside Brody’s home where he could play and not be in the sun would be the best option. But they had to find a tent that could stand weather conditions like wind and snow and had the right material to block all UV rays. Luckily, Artinian found a company based in the United Kingdom that could design and make the tent. Make-A-Wish Connecticut learnt that Brody loves the beach, even though he is not able to go into water because of his backpack. So they filled the tent with water toys and a kids’ pool filled with balls to make Brody feel as much as possible like he’s out at the beach.Brody got his first look at the tent earlier this summer. “When he walked out of the door and I saw his face, it was just everything,” said Artinian. “Now when Brody says ‘Can I go out and play?’, his mom can say, “Yes.” “Brody is now enjoying spending nearly all his time "outside” in the tent.It’s hard to make life completely normal for Brody, but Artinian and her team tried to make it as normal as they could.62. What can we learn about Brody?A. He can’t be exposed to sunlight.B. He can’t stand on his feet.C. He can’t be given surgeries any more.D. He can’t communicate with others.63. Make-A-Wish Connecticut thought Brody’s dream was _______.A. inspiring and heart-warmingB. simple but incredibleC. difficult and unachievableD. challenging but worthwhile64. Why does the author mention the beach in Paragraph 4?A. To show that Brody is a boy who loves nature.B. To prove that the design company was responsible.C. To suggest that Artinian and her team were considerate.D. To emphasize that the skill in building the tent was the latest.65. What does the story mainly tell us?A. One good turn deserves another.B. A helping hand makes a difference.C. All things are difficult before they are easy.D. Tough life experience may result in success.DIn many aspects, nowadays business environment has changed greatly since the late 1980s. The end of the cold war completely altered the very nature of the world’s politics and economics. In just a few short years, globalization has started a variety of trends with profound consequences: the opening of markets, true global competition, widespread deregulation(解除政府对……的控制)of industry, and an abundance of accessible capital. we have experienced both the benefits and risks of a truly global economy, with both wall street and main street(平民百姓)feeling the pains of economic disorder half a world away.At the same time, we have fully entered the information age, starting breakthroughs in information technology, which have irreversibly altered the ability to conduct business unconstrained by the traditional limitations of time or space. Today, it’s almost impossible to imagine a world without intranets, e-mail, and portable computers. With amazing speed, the internet is profoundly changing the way we work, shop, do business, and communicate.As a consequence, we have truly entered the post-industrial economy. We are rapidly shifting from an economy based on manufacturing and commodities to one that places the greatest value on information, services, support, and distribution. That shift, in turn, attaches great importance to “knowledge workers,” a new class of wealthy, educated, and mobile people who view themselves as free agents in a seller’s market.Beyond the field of information technology, the increasing pace of technological change in virtually everyindustry has created entirely new business, wiped out others, and produced a great demand for continuous innovation(创新).New product, process, and distribution technologies provide powerful levers for creating competitive value. More companies are learning the importance of destructive technologies-----innovations that hold the potential to make a product line, or even an entire business segment, virtually outdated.Another major trend has been the consumer and business markets. There’s a growing appreciation that superficially similar groups of customers may have very different preferences in terms of what they want to buy and how they want to buy it. Now, new technology makes it easier, faster, and cheaper to identify and serve targeted micro-markets in ways that were physically impossible or prohibitively expensive in the past. Moreover, the trend feeds on itself, a business’s ability to serve sub-markets fuels customers’ appetites for more and more specialized offerings.66. According to the first paragraph, the changes in the business environment in the past decades can be due to_______.A. technological advancesB. worldwide economic disorderC. the fierce competition in industryD. the globalization of economy67. What idea does the author want to convey in the second paragraph?A. The rapid development of information technology has taken businessmen by surprise.B. The internet, intranets, e-mail, and portable computers have entered every corner of the world.C. Information technology has removed the restrictions of time and space in business transactions.D. The way we do business today has brought about startling breakthroughs in information technology.68. If a business wants to boom in the post-industrial economy, ________.A. it has to invest more capital in the training of free agents to operate in a seller’s marketB. it should try its best to satisfy the increasing demands of mobile knowledgeable peopleC. it should not overlook the importance of information, services, support, and distributionD. it has to provide each of its employees with the latest information about the changing market69. In the author’s view, destructive technologies are innovations which _______.A. demand a radical change in providing servicesB. can eliminate an entire businessC. may destroy the potential of a company to make any profitD. call for continuous improvement in ways of doing business70. With the consumer and business markets, ________.A. an increasing number of companies have broken downB. manufacturers must focus on one special product to remain competitive in the marketC. it is physically impossible and prohibitively expensive to do business in the old wayD. businesses have to meet individual customers’ specific needs in order to succeed题组三ATaking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to stay within your target heart range.Increasing your heart rate is a key part of exercise, but it is important that your heart rate is not too high or too low. If you are a beginner, you should also be able to breathe comfortably while exercising. This will ensure that you are exercising at a level that is safe and effective for your body.The chart below illustrates target heart rate ranges for exercise based on the maximal heart rate for selected ages. Here are the steps for using the chart:56. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Exercise intensity can be reflected by a person’s heart rate.B. The faster your heart rate is, the more effective the exercise is.C. Vigor ous exercise will definitely present a threat to people’s safety.D. The target exercise heart rate range for a 45-year-old is 90–149 BPM.57. A 34-year-old man is running and the number of pulses he takes for 15 seconds is 40. His fitness coach hadbetter tell him _______.A. “You are doing fine.”B. “You can run faster.”C. “You should slow down a bit.”D. “You should drink some water.”58. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To advise people to form a habit of taking their pulses while exercising.B. To inform people of the target heart rate zone for those aged 60 and under.C. To tell people the importance of maintaining moderate amount of exercise.D. To show people how to measure heart rate to keep proper exercise intensity.BIt was just b efore 8 a.m.on October 17, 2010.She’d checked the higher summits forecast posted by the Mount Washington Observatory before she left. Based on her experience, Bales knew that her hike was realistic. Besides, she had two plans and extra layers of clothing to better regulate her temperature as conditions changed.At 10:30 a.m., the weather was showing its teeth. Bales added even more layers, including a jacket to protect herself from the cold winds and heavy fog. She made her way across the snow—covered ridge toward MountWashington and began to think about calling it a day. Then she noticed something: a single set of footprints in the snow ahead of her. She’d been following faint tracks all day and hadn’t given them much thought, because so many people climbed Jewell Trail. But these, she realized, had been made by a pair of sneakers. She silently scolded the absent hiker for breaking normal safety rules and walked on.Now she felt genuinely alarmed. She was sure the hiker could not navigate(找到方向)in the low visibility and was heading straight toward the challenging trails of the Great Gulf Wilderness. Bales stood there, shocked. The temperature and clouds were in a race to find their lowest point, and darkness was mere hours away. If Bales continued to follow t he tracks. she’d add risk and time to the route she’d already adjusted to manage both. But she could not let this go.She turned to the left and called out, “Hello!” into the frozen fog.Bales wouldn’t get an answer until a week later, when the president of her rescue group received a letter in the mail.It read: “I hope this reaches the right group of rescuers. I want to remain anonymous(匿名的), but I was called John.On Sunday, October 17, I went up my favorite trail, Jewell, to end my life. Weather was to be bad. Thought no one else would be there. I was dressed to go quickly. Next thing I knew this lady was talking to me, changing my clothes, giving me food, making me warmer.59. What does the underlined sentence mean?A. The weather began to get worse.B. Nobody controlled the weather.C. Weather could never be predicted.D. Weather was generally changeable.60. Why did Bales feel really frightened?A. Because she lost her way completely.B. Because the terrible weather was on the way.C. Because she was blinded by the frozen fog.D. Because she was convinced that someone was in trouble.61. What is the purpose of John’s hiking?A. To challenge his limit.B. To go up his favorite trail.C. To donate some money to rescue group.D. To kill himself without being discovered.COn January 15, 2009, the crew of US Airways Flight 1549 experienced a never-in-a-lifetime event. Less than two minutes after takeoff, some birds found their way into the airplane’s two engines and brought them to a sudden stop. Over the next three and a half minutes, the crew managed to identify the problem, decide what to do about it, and make the most successful emergency landing in aviation(航空)history.We all experience similar moments. Running into the person you canceled a date with –while you’re on another date. Realizing you hit “reply all” on an e-mail that you’d do anything to have back. Earthquakes, medical。

三模前阅读理解专题练05题组一AHistorian Tom Holland is the award-winning author of Rubicon, Persian Fire and Millennium. He appears regularly on radio, TV and in print. His latest book Dynasty is published in paperback by Abacus.Moominsummer Madness By Tove JansoonWhat I love about this book, as a child and still today, is its mix of the fantastical and normal. On the one hand, it’s about a family and their friends all enjoying themselves, quite happy not doing much. On the other hand, it’s about characters that can change into odd shapes, magicians coming down from the moon and peculiar creatures emerging from the roof. That mix of the familiar and the extraordinary informs all my writing.The Histories By HerodoTusBy the time I was 12, I was obsessed by Ancient Greece and Rome. At first, I found the early section of The Histories a real grind because it’s like a long shaggy dog In the second half I was rewarded with the stories I’d been waiting for, like the battles of Marathon, Salamis and Thermopylae. Over the years, I come to value the infectious curiosity of the first half and the portrait of the world in the fifth century BC seen through the eyes of this extraordinary Greek historian.A Distant Mirror By BarBara W TucHmanTuchman’s book The Guns of August won the Pulitzer Prize, but it’s this slightly less well-known work that provided me with a role model for my own writing. Both scholarly and interesting, it’s a portrait of the 14th century in Western Europe and vividly evokes medieval civilization buffeted by cataclysms: the Black Death, the Peasants’ Revolt and the Great Papal Schism. I felt I knew what it was to die of the plague or to have a sword put through me— real56. Tom Holland now finds the first half of The Histories _______.A. off the pointB. culture-centeredC. really boringD. quite entertaining57. Which book does Tom Holland appreciate and try to copy its style?A. The HistoriesB. A Distant MirrorC. The Guns of AugustD. Moominsummer MadnessBIn Weapons of Math Destruction, data scientist Cathy O’Neil explains how big data exists everywhere in our lives, and that we hardly even notice it until it affects us directly. One application that has become particularly common is the use of algorithms(算法)to evaluate job performance.She tells the story of Sarah Wysocki, a teacher who, despite being widely respected by her students, their parents and her colleagues, was fired because she performed poorly according to an algorithm. When an algorithm rates you poorly, you are immediately branded as an underperformer and there is rarely an opportunity to appeal against those judgments. In many cases, methods are considered secrets and no details are shared. And data often seems convincing.As a matter of fact, the belief that school performance in America is declining is based on a data mistake. A Nation at Risk is the report that rang the initial alarm bells about declining SAT(Scholastic Assessment Test)scores. Yet if they had taken a closer look, they would have noticed that the scores in each smaller group were increasing. The reason for the decline in the average score was that more disadvantaged kids were taking the test. However, due to the data mistake, teachers as a whole were judged to be failing.Wall Street is famous for its mathematicians who build complex models to predict market movements and develop business plans. These are really smart people. Even so, it is not at all uncommon for their models to fail. The key difference between those models and many of the ones being used these days is that Wall Street traders lose money when their data models go wrong. However, as O’Neil points out in her book, the effects ofwidely-used machine-driven judgments are often not borne by those who design the algorithms, but by everyone else.As we increasingly rely on machines to make decisions, we need to ask these questions: What assumptions are there in your model? What hasn’t been taken into account? How are we going to test th e effectiveness of theconclusions? Clearly, something has gone terribly wrong. When machines replace humans to make a judgment, we should hold them to a high standard. We should know how the data was collected. And when numbers lie, we should stop listening to them.58. What does the example of Sarah Wysocki mainly show?A. The drawback of big data.B. The popularity of big data.C. The new challenge teachers face.D. The misunderstanding about algorithms.59. Widely-used machine-driven judgments _______.A. never make any economic lossB. can lead to many innocent victimsC. are more complicated than Wall Street’s data modelsD. can go wrong more easily than Wall Street’s data models60. What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?A. Making decisions without machines.B. Making sure that the data are reliable.C. Making the algorithms more effective.D. Making the data and algorithms public.CRonald Reagan ever said, “It’s true hard work never killed anybody, but I figure, why take the chance?” To some extent, extra effort seems to be self-defeating. Studies suggest that, after 50 hours a week, employee productivity falls sharply.But that doesn’t stop some managers from demanding that workers stay chained to their desk for long periods. Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, recently praised the “996” model, where employees work from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m., 6 days a week, as a “huge blessing”. Apparently, presenteeism(出勤主义)is the curse of the modern office worker.There will be days when you do not have much to do: perhaps because you are waiting for someone else in a different department, or a different company, to respond to a request. As the clock ticks past 5 pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see your boss hard at work and, more importantly, they can see you. So you make an effort to look busy.Some of this may be a self-continuing cycle. If bosses do not like to go home before their employees, and employees fear leaving before their bosses, everyone is trapped. Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort. This is easily confused with long hours. Managers, who are often no good at judging employees’ performance, use time in the office as a measu re. The consequence is often wasted effort. We pretend to work and managers pretend to believe us. Rather than work hard, you try tomake bosses think that you are. Leaving a jacket on your office chair, walking around purposefully with a notebook and sending out emails at odd hours are three of the best-known tricks. After a while this can result in collective self-delusion that this pretence is actual work.But presenteeism has more serious consequences. It is perhaps most common in Japan, where people attend the office even when they are in discomfort. In doing so, they are doing neither themselves nor their employers any favours. As well as reducing productivity, this can increase medical expenses for the employer. According to a study in the Journal of Occupation and Environmental Medicine, these costs can be six times higher for employers than the costs of absenteeism among workers. Those workers were more likely to experience greater pain and to suffer from depression.In the evolution of humanity, presenteeism is a recent phenomenon. In the industrial era, workers were paid not for their output but for their time, and were required to clock in and out. But modern machinery like smartphones and laptops is portable. Turning an office into a prison, with prisoners allowed home for the evenings, does nothing for the creativity that is increasingly demanded of office workers as routine tasks are automated. To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh.61. What can we learn from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3?A. Employees often have to work extra hours.B. Extra effort improves employees’ productivity.C. “996” model is well received around the world.D. Both bosses and employees are devoted to their jobs.62. What does the underli ned “This” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Hoping to get a pay rise.B. Going home after the boss.C. Putting in maximum effort.D. Judging employees’ performance.63. Which of the following is one the results of long-time presenteeism?A. Reducing medical costs of employees.B. Making employees more hard-working.C. Increasing the competition among employees.D. Worsening employees’ physical and mental condition.64. What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph?A. Employees should be treated as prisoners.B. Productivity can’t be measured by presenteeism now.C. Office tasks usually can’t be carried out automatically.D. Office workers should be allowed to be absent-minded.DTo learn to think is to learn to question. Those who don’t ques tion never truly think for themselves. These are simple rules that have governed the advancement of science and human thought since the beginning of time. Advancements are made when thinkers question theories and introduce new ones. Unfortunately, it is often the great and respected thinkers who end up slowing the progress of human thought. Aristotle was a brilliant philosopher whose theories explained much of the natural world, often incorrectly. He was so esteemed by the scientific community that even 1, 200 years after his death, scientists were still trying to build upon his mistakes rather than correct them!Brilliant minds can intimidate up-and-coming thinkers who are not confident of their abilities. They often believe they are inferior to the minds of giants such as Aristotle, leading many to accept current paradigms instead of questioning them.I, like many thinkers of the past, once believed in my mental inferiority. I was certain that my parents, my teachers—adults in general—were always right. The y were like a textbook to me; I didn’t question what was written on those pages. I respected them, and accepted whatever they told me. But that attitude soon changed. My mind’s independence was first stimulated in the classroom.A stern, 65-year-old elementary-school science teacher once told me that light is a type of wave. I confidently went through years of school believing that light is a wave. One day,however I heard the German exchange student mention that light could be made up of particles. As the others laughed at his statement, I started to question my beliefs.Maybe the teachers and textbooks hadn’t given me the whole story. I went to the library, did some research and learned of the light-as-a-wave versus light-as-a-particle debate. I read about Einstein’s discovery of the dual nature of light and learned the facts of a paradox(悖论) that puzzles the world’s greatest thinkers to this day. Light behaves as both a particle and a wave, it is both at once. I realized I had gone through life accepting only half of the story as the whole truth.Each new year brought more new facts, and I formulated even more questions. I found myself in the library after school, trying to find my own answers to gain a more complete understanding of what I thought I already knew. I discovered that my parents and teachers are incredible tools in my quest for knowledge, but they are never the final word. Even textbooks can be challenged. I learned to question my sources, I learned to be a thinker. I once believed that everything I learned at home and at school was certain, but I have now discovered to re-examine when necessary.Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth, and I plan to continue questioning. How many things do we know for sure today that we will question in the future? At this moment, I know that our sun will burn for another five billion years, and I know nothing can escape the gravity of a black hole. This knowledge, however, may change in the next 20 years—maybe even in the next two. The one thing we can control now is our openness to discovery. Questions are the tools of open minds, and open minds are the key to intellectual advancement.65. In the first paragraph, Aristotle is taken as an example to show that _______.A. he is the greatest and respected philosopher of all timeB. huge influence of great thinkers may block human thoughtC. advancements are made when thinkers question theoriesD. great thinkers often make mistakes and then correct them66. What does the underlined word “intimidate” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Frighten.B. Encourage.C. Strength.D. Persuade.67. The author began to question his previous beliefs because _______.A. what he learned from textbooks before turned out to be wrongB. he was inspired by the different ideas from an exchange studentC. he was laughed at by other students for his unacceptable statementD. he was not satisfied with his life and desperate to achieve success68. According to the passage, the author _______.A. looks down upon great thinkers all the timeB. never doubts what he has learned in the textbookC. always throws himself into the laboratoryD. determines to be a thinker and questioner69. We can conclude from the last paragraph that _______.A. the author is not quite sure about his futureB. we human beings don’t dare to predict futureC. questioning is necessary to promote advancementD. the theory of black holes will change in two years70. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Following rules.B. Challenging yourself.C. Questioning giants.D. Predicting future.题组二A56. Which hotel is related to environmental protection?A. GLENEAGLES HOTELB. COMO HOTELC. TREMEZZO HOTELD. CRUISES HOTEL57. The purpose of this passage is to _______.A. explain how to enjoy holiday livesB. introduce some winning worksC. attract more people to travel thereD. advertise for hotel serviceBElderly women who eat foods higher in potassium(钾)are less likely to have strokes and die than women whoeat less potassium-rich foods, according to new research in the American Heart Association. “Previous studies have shown that potassium consumption may lower blood pressure. But whether potassium intake could prevent stroke or death wasn’t clear,” said Smoller, professor of the department of population health at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.Researchers studied 90,137 women, aged from 50 to 79 for an average 11 years. They looked at how much potassium the women consumed, as well as if they had strokes, including ischemic strokes(缺血性中风), or died during the study period. Women in the study were stroke-free at the start and their average dietary potassium intake was 2,611 mg/day. Results of this study are based on potassium from food, not supplements.The researchers found: Women who ate the most potassium were 12 percent less likely to suffer stroke in general and 16 percent less likely to suffer an ischemic stroke than women who ate the least. Women who ate the most potassium were 10 percent less likely to die than those who ate the least. Among women who did not have high blood pressure, those who ate the most potassium had a 27 percent lower ischemic stroke risk and 21 percent reduced risk for all stroke types, compared to women who ate the least potassium in their daily diets. Among women with high blood pressure, those who ate the most potassium had a lower risk of death, but potassium intake did not lower their stroke risk.“Our findings suggest that women need to eat more potassium-rich foods. You won’t find high potassium in junk food. Some foods rich in potassium include white and sweet potatoes, bananas and white beans.”The U.S. Department of Agriculture recommends that women eat at least 4,700 mg of potassium daily. “Only 2.8 percent of women in our study met or went beyond this level. The World Health Organization’s daily potassium recommendation for women is lower, at 3,510 mg or more. Still, only 16.6 percent of women we studied met or went beyond that,” said Smoller.While increasing potassium intake is probably a good idea for most elderly women, there are some people who have too much potassium in the ir blood, which can be dangerous to the heart. “People should check with their doctor about how much potassium they should eat,” she said.The study was observational and included only elderly women. Researchers also did not takesodium(钠)intake into consideration, so the potential importance of a balance between sodium and potassium is not among the findings. Researchers said more studies are needed to determine whether potassium has the same effects on men and younger people.58. The benefits of potassium intake to elderly women do not include _______.A. preventing strokesB. lowering blood pressureC. cutting down death risksD. reducing heart attacks59. Which of the following figure meets the daily potassium intake recommendation of the World HealthOrganization?A. 2,500 mg.B. 3,000 mg.C. 3,500 mg.D. 4,000 mg.60. What conclusion can be drawn from the research findings?A. Increasing potassium is definitely a good idea for all elderly women.B. Potassium intake is more beneficial to those without high blood pressure.C. Elderly women with high blood pressure benefit more from potassium.D. There was not any association between potassium intake and ischemic strokes.CA dozen international coffee experts shuffle(把脚挪来挪去)around a long wooden table, pausing at each steaming cup, heads dipping and sniffing deeply. Then the slurping(吃喝或吸吮的声音)begins. In the wings, coffee farmer Yang Fan watches intently as the judges circle, awaiting a verdict(裁定)on her latest crop of beans.China may be the spiritual home of tea, but it is fast developing a reputation as a top coffee producer. This tasting was a side event to the first ever Pu’er International Specialty Coffee Expo in China’s southwestern Yunnan province, which ran this winter and drew more than a thousand attendees, including industry aficionados(酷爱者) from across the globe.“Coffee has huge potential in China,” says Liu Ying, who swapped her life working in private-equity(私人股权)investment in Beijing to grow coffee in Pu’er five years ago. “The younger generation prefers to drink coffee in their offices much more than tea.” Still, Pu’er remains synonymous with tea.This bustling(喧闹的)town near the Laos border is surrounded by the green hills scored with tea plantations; it produces a variety of tea which is also called Pu’er, considered one of China’s most refined. But the region’s mild climate is also perfect for growing Arabica coffee. And as China’s fast-living millennials move away from traditional tea in favor of the invigoratin g coffee, Pu’er’s farmers are catering to the demand.Yunnan accounts for 98% of China’s coffee harvest, with half coming from the misty landscape around Pu’er. Today, China is the 13th biggest coffee producer in the world—rising from zero output three decades ago to 136,000 tons annually today.In April, Seattle’s annual Specialty Coffee Expo decided to showcase China as its portrait country of origin. It follows on the heels of Starbucks’ launching its first single-origin Yunnan coffee last year after eight years of partnership with Yunnan farmers.With global coffee prices at record lows, Y unnan farmers are processing beans in bespoke ways to create distinct flavors—allowing them to enter the market of specialty coffee.“At current coffee prices, I can’t even feed my family,” says the farmer Yang. “My only way out is to produce specialty coffee, to make the best coffee beans.” That means letting beans dry in their cherries, thus producing a wild, fruity flavor via environmental fermentation(发酵),or allowing them to "honey" in their sugary inner layer, which adds a subtle sweetness.Back in the tasting room, Yang awaits the experts’ verdict on whether all that extra effort was worthwhile. “If I told you this was Colombian or Panama coffee, nobody would argue with me,” says Samuel Gurel, CEO of Pu’er’s Torch Coffee Roasters, as Yang breaks into a huge grin. “It’s a great example of how Chinese coffee is evolving.”61. What caused Liu Ying to quit her former job to grow coffee in Pu’er?A. Yunnan accounts for 98% of China’s coffee harvest.B. There is a huge potential of coffee market in China.C. She wants to introduce the younger generation to coffee.D. She is tired of her work in private-equity investment.62. According to the passage, we know that Arabica coffee _______.A. is mainly grown in YunnanB. appeals to Chinese, especially the youngC. is a more invigorating drink compared with teaD. needs mild climate to grow63. The “extra effort” in the last paragraph refers to _______.A. processing coffee beans in bespoke ways to create distinct flavorsB. forming a business partnership with StarbucksC. lowering the price of Y unnan coffee beansD. replacing Yunnan coffee with Colombian or Panama coffee64. What does Samuel Gurel think of Yang’s coffee bean s?A. praiseworthyB. arguableC. inferiorD. unsatisfactoryDHave you ever fallen for a novel and been amazed not to find it on lists of great books? Or walked around a sculpture known as a classic, struggling to see why it is famous? If so, you’ve probably thought about the question a psychologist, James Cutting, asked himself: How does a work of art come to be considered great?The direct answer is that some works of art are just great: of inner superior quality. The paintings that win prime spots in galleries, get taught in classes are the ones that have proved their artistic value over time. If youcan’t see they’re superior, that’s your problem. But some social scientists have been asking questions of it, raising the possibility that artistic canons(名作目录)are little more than old historical accidents.Cutting, a professor at Cornell University, wondered if a psychological pattern known as the “mere-exposure effect” played a role in deciding which paintings rise to the top of the cultural league. C utting designed an experiment to test his hunch(直觉). Over a lecture course he regularly showed undergraduates works of impressionism for two seconds at a time. Some of the paintings canonical, included in art-history books. Others were lesser known but of comparable quality were exposed four times as often. Afterwards, the students preferred them to the canonical works, while a control group liked the canonical ones best. Cutting’s students had grown to like those paintings more simply because they had seen them more.Cutting believes his experiment casts light on how canons are formed. He reproduced works of impressionism today bought by five or six wealthy and influential collectors in the late 19th century. Their preferences given to certain works made them more likely to be hung in galleries and printed in collections. And the fame passed down the years. The more people were exposed to, the more they liked it, and the more they liked it, the more it appeared in books, on posters and in big exhibitions. Meanwhile, academics and critics added to their popularity. After all, it’s not just the masses who tend to rate what they see more often more highly. Critics’ praise is deeply mixed with publicity. “Scholars”, Cutting argues, “are no different from the public in the effects of mere exposure.”The process described by Cutting show a principle that the sociologist Duncan Watts calls “cumulative advantage”: once a thing becomes popular, it will tend to become more popular still. A few years ago, Watts had a sim ilar experience to Cutting’s in another Paris museum. After queuing to see the “Mona Lisa” at the Louvre, he came away puzzled: why was it considered so superior to the three other Leonardos, to which nobody seemed to be paying the slightest attention?Whe n Watts looked into the history of “the greatest painting of all time”, he discovered that, for most of its life, the “Mona Lisa” remained in relative obscurity. In the 1850s, Leonardo da Vinci was considered no match for giants of Renaissance art like Tit ian and Raphael, whose works were worth almost ten times as much as the “Mona Lisa” It was only in the 20th century that “Mona Lisa” rocketed to the number-one spot. What brought it there wasn’t a scholarly re-evaluation, but a theft. In 1911 a worker at the Louvre walked out of the museum with the “Mona Lisa” hidden under his coat. Parisians were shocked at the theft of a painting to which, until then, they had paid little attention. When the museum reopened, people queued to see it. From then on, the “Mona Lisa” came to represent Western culture itself.The intrinsic(本质的)quality of a work of art is starting to seem like its least important attribute. But perhapsit’s more significant than our social scientists admit. Firstly, a work needs a certain quality to reach the top of the pile. The “Mona Lisa” may not be a worthy world champion but it was in the Louvre in the first place, and not by accident. Secondly, some objects are simply better than others. Read “Hamlet” after reading even the greatest of Shake speare’s contemporaries, and the difference may strike you as unarguable.A study suggests that the exposure effect doesn’t work the same way on everything, and points to a different conclusion about how canons are formed. Great art and mediocrity(平庸)can get confused, even by experts. But that’s why we need to see, and read, as much as we can. The more were exposed to the good and the bad, the better we are at telling the difference.65. What is the function of the questions in the first paragraph?A. To ar ouse readers’ interest in the topic to be discussed.B. To serve as an introduction to the topic to be discussed.C. To explain the reasons for some works being great.D. To share the similarity of classics to sculpture.66. What was the result of Cuttings experiment?A. His subjects liked the famous paintings because of their comparable quality.B. His subjects liked lesser known works because of more exposure to them.C. His subjects showed no difference between the two types of works.D. All the subjects preferred the famous works shown to them.67. What caused the superiority of the Mona Lisa to Leonardo’s other works according to Watts?A. The preference of wealthy and influential collectors.B. The theft of the painting by a worker.C. The fame of Leonardo Da Vinci.D. The cumulative advantage.68. What does the underline words “remained in relative obscurity” in Para 6 mean?A. remained relatively unknownB. became publicly knownC. was widely recognizedD. remained totally unchanged69. “Hamlet” is mentioned in paragraph 7 mainly to illustrate that _______.A. “Hamlet” is the greatest work of ShakespeareB. the “Mona Lisa” is no comparable to “Hamlet”C. the greatest of an art work lies in its inner valueD. The works of Shakespeare are worse than his contemporaries70. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. How exposure leads to fameB. Why the Mona Lisa stands outC. Cumulative advantage makes great worksD. The Mona Lisa, the greatest painting of all time题组三AChina Experience ToursChina Experience TripBeijing→ Shanghai→Xi’an(8days)Price: Adult $1,517 p/p Under 17$1,230◆Imagine you are a king or queen when entering the great Forbidden City◆Have a hike on the world famous Great Wall◆Discover the Terracotta Warriors◆Admire Shanghai where east meets west and walk around some local marketsGlories of ChinaBeijing→Xi’an→Guilin→Yangshuo→Shanghai(11days)Price: Adult $2,219 p/p. Under 17 $1,650◆Discover more of China’s extraordinary history from Beijing and Xi’an◆visit the easy part of the Great Wall at Mutianyu and use the cablecar(缆车)there◆Cycle near Yangshuo and admire the beautiful rural scenery◆Discover Shanghai lifestyles ancient and modernChina Impression ExperienceBeijing→XI’an→ Yangtze River→ shanghai(11 days)Price: Adult $2, 329 p/p. Under 17 $1, 810Explore both the ancient cultures and modern features, and relax on the yangtzeriver Cruise(乘船游览)to see the various ideas of China. Your guides will show youaround not only the most classic spots, like the Forbidden City, the Great Wall, theTerra-cotta Army, the Bund, Yuyuan Garden and the Three gorges but also take。

三年真题研读01(单项填空)一、真题解析201921.We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.A. whichB. whatC. whenD. that22.The musician along with his band members _______ ten performances in the last three months.A. givesB. has givenC. have givenD. give23.The doctor shares his phone number with the patients _______ they need medical assistance.A. if onlyB. as ifC. even thoughD. in case24.More wind power stations will _______ to meet the demand for clean energy.A. take upB. clear upC. hold upD. spring up25.Scientists have obtained more evidence _______ plastic is finding its way into the human body.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. where26.Nowadays the _______ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension27.Favorable policies are _______ to encourage employees’ professional development.A. in effectB. in commandC. in turnD. in shape28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people _______ options to exercise.A. casualB. regularC. flexibleD. tight29.A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith _______ in love with the people and culture there.A. would fallB. had fallenC. has fallenD. fell30._______ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.A. To enjoyB. EnjoyingC. To have enjoyedD. Enjoy31.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _______ a good time together.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had32.China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries _______ its role in international affairs.A. recognizingB. being recognizedC. to be recognizedD. recognized33.They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals _______ by 2022 for the Beijing Winer Olympics.A. will installB. will have been installedC. are installedD. have been installed34.A city is the product of the human hand and mind, _______ man’s intelligence an d creativity.A. resemblingB. reflectingC. reviewingD. restoring35.—Let’s take a coffee break.—_______ We’ve been working for hours.A. Why bother?B. What for?C. You got me there.D. You said it.201821.By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.A. whereB. whenC. whyD. how22.Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might _______ the things they see.A. indicateB. investigateC. imitateD. innovate23.Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when24.It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might25.Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable.A. calls forB. calls onC. calls offD. calls up26.Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.A. having exceededB. to exceedC. exceededD. exceeding27.There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become more involved.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. have had28.—You know what? I’ve got a New Year concert ticket.—Oh, _______ You’re kidding.A. so what?B. go ahead.C. come on.D. what for?29._______ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.A. OnceB. UnlessC. IfD. When30.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _______ in the past two years.A. had been carried outB. would be carried outC. is being carried outD. has been carried out31.Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we _______ more convenient electronic communication tools by then.A. have developedB. had developedC. will have developedD. developed32.Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made.A. assignmentB. associationC. acquisitionD. assumption33.China’s soft power grows _______ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.A. in line withB. in reply toC. in return forD. in honour of34.Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.A. keenB. reluctantC. anxiousD. ready35.—What happened? Your boss seems to _______.—Didn’t you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press?A. be over the moonB. laugh his head offC. be all earsD. fly off the handle201721.Many Chinese brands, _______ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modernmarket.A. having developedB. being developedC. developedD. developing22._______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It wereB. Were itC. It wasD. Was it23.Located _______ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.A. whyB. whenC. whichD. where24.The publication of Great Expectations, which _______ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.A. isB. areC. wasD. were25.Working with the medical team in Africa has _______ the best in her as a doctor.A. held outB. brought outC. picked outD. given out26.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to charge.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how27.He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he _______ .A. was being followedB. was followingC. had been followedD. followed28.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. whichB. it’sC. whoseD. whom29.Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death, smart–phones defeated _______ PCs in sales.A. controversialB. contradictoryC. confidentialD. conventional30.A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _______ your year ahead.A. shapeB. switchC. stretchD. sharpen31.He’s been informed that he _______ for the scholarship because of his academic background.A. hasn’t qualifiedB. hadn’t qualifiedC. doesn’t qualifyD. wasn’t qualifying32.Determining where we are _______ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.A. in contrast toB. in defense ofC. in face ofD. in relation to33.—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?—it’s nothing. Just something _______.A. as clear as dayB. off the top of my headC. under my noseD. beyond my wildest dreams34.The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But _______ explanations are hard to find.A. alternativeB. aggressiveC. ambiguousD. apparent35.—Going to watch the Women’s V olleyball Match on Wednesday?—_______! Will you go with me?A. You thereB. You betC. You got meD. You know better二、考点解读2019年考点统计(表1)2018年考点统计(表2)2017年考点统计(表3)三年考点统计(表4)三、解题指导1.抓住关键信息,联系上下语境一定要细心读完整题,抓住关键信息所给的提示,联系上下文的语境,弄清题目的意图,找出解决问题的突破口。

三模前任务型阅读专题练10题组一When you hear the word “vacation”, what comes to mind? For most it means having fun, enjoying themselves totally or simply relaxing and catching up on sleep. Most people consider it a time to relax and recharge away from the stresses of work and life. However, the reality for some is that they end up feeling even more stressed and tired than they did before they went on vacation. Now, how is this possible?A common misconception that people have about going on vacation is that they need to get the most out of their trip. They can research 101 places to visit at their destination and then pack 98 of those suggestions in their itinerary(旅行计划). While trying to make the most of their time, people overpack their schedule and engage in business which results in more stress and less rest.Today, technology and social media have over-promoted and normalized sharing every experience people have—especially while they are on vacation. The saying, “If you didn’t post it, did it really happen?”, drives people to document and share everything. Also they mayspend more time taking the perfect pictures at every stop than they planned when actually participating in the activity. They end up sacrificing the quality of the trip for the quantity of the posts. What’s more, when during their vacation they’re checking and responding to work emails or completing tasks, they’re ruining their vacation because they aren’t fully present!So, remember, vacation is a chance to unwind and you should spend it in the righ t way. You shouldn’t feel pressured with planning, and trying to create a perfect vacation is the first key to having fun and being refreshed. Take your time and work to be completely present during every experience. It’s a great idea to enjoy the recommended hot spots, attractions, restaurants and activities, but accept the fact that there will always be more to see and do than you have time for—don’t try to do it all. Removing the determination that you have to do it all will leave you feeling refreshed.To better enjoy your vacation time, you’d better give yourself one day to recover before returning to work after a vacation. This allows your body and mind to adjust to being back home and getting back into your work routine. Additionally, when you want t o go on vacation to recharge again, don’t overcrowd your schedule with late night and early morning activities. Make sure you rest and get plenty of sleep. After all, it’s okay to schedule a lazy day during your vacation. However, don’t overdo it with the sleep and relaxation.题组二There’s a contradiction in the way many of us behave online: we know we’re being wa tched all the time, and disapprove of the monitor by Google and the government. But the bounds of what’s considered too personal to be uploaded or shared online seems to shrink by the day.I complain about the lack of privacy, for example, and yet I willingly and routinely trade it for convenience. I no longer run the risk of unforeseen delays on public transport; Google Maps will inform me of the fastest route tomy destination; I no longer need to remember my friends’ birthdays; Facebook will urge me, and invariably appeal to me to post an update to remind people I exist. All I have to do is make my location, habits and beliefs transparent to their parent companies whenever they choose to check in on me.So what’s going on? “Visibility is a trap,” explaine d the French philosopher Michel Foucault in Discipline and Punish: the Birth of the Prison(1975). Allowing oneself to be watched, and learning to watch others, is both attractive and dangerous. He took for example “Panopticon”, a prison where prisoners wer e observed from a tower manned by an invisible occupant. The prisoners would believe in the presence of the mysterious watchman, whether or not anyone was actually inside, and behave themselves.According to Foucault, the dynamics of the Panopticon are similar to how generally people self-monitor in society. In the presence of ever-watching witness, people police themselves. They don’t know what the observers are looking for, or what the punishments are for disobedience(不顺从). But they willingly accept and follow this invisible discipline.Foucault claimed that such monitoring is worrisome, not just because of what companies and states might do with our data, but because the act of watching is itself a terrible exercise of power, which may influence behavior without our fully realizing it.But something’s not right here. Why does the self-display continue when we are sure that we are watched from everywhere and nowhere?Social media provides a public space that often operates more like a private one, where many people hold the belief that there they won’t suffer the consequences of what they say online, as if protected by technology.Plato would be alarmed by the lack of shame online. His point about moral knowledge is this: we already know the right way to live a just and fulfilling life, but are constantly distracted(转移)from that noble aim. For him, then, shame helps us be true to ourselves and to pay attention to the moral knowledge within. A man without shame, Plato says, is a slave to desire—for material goods, power, fame, respect. Such desire, by its nature, cannot be satisfied.题组三An inferiority complex(自卑情结)as the name suggests is a complex in which an individual has strong feelings of inferiority. While we all have weak points, the person with an inferiority complex will focus on these weaknesses and use them to evaluate their overall worth. As a result, they see themselves generally less important or successful than others.In some cases inferiority complex can lead to overcompensation. Here the individual does everything in his power to overcome his inferiority and this can mean that they end up in highly successful jobs, gaining great wealth and succeeding in powerful relationships. However while such a person might be a high achiever, a sense ofinferiority will mean that they will always be less happy than they could be and it may have other negative impacts on their life.Another possible outcome of an inferiority complex is that the individual ends up backing down from difficult situations and acting without any sense of worth or entitlement(权利). Here the person’s low self belief changes the way he behaves, and that in turn changes the way he is treated by others which in turn results in him actually becoming inferior in some ways.There are many factors that may lead to inferiority, but they tend to be the result of conditioned beliefs that come from continuous failure or criticism. Often parental attitudes can result in an inferiority complex if the child did not receive the right encouragement or unconditional love when growing up. In some cases an inferiority complex could also arise as a result of some kind of defect(缺陷)either physical or mental.If you are suffering from an inferiority complex, it's time that you did something about it.One of the very best ways to improve your self esteem is to find a loving partner. This is a great way to make you more confident as he or she will love you for who you are and always be there to support you and increase your confidence. Another is to take up a hobby. Find one thing that you are good at and then get your confidence from that. For instance, you might choose to take up a sport or woodwork, and then you can practice getting better at that and gain more confidence. Moreover, you can turn to self-help book. If you find the right books and follow the advice carefully, then it is possible to transform the way you view yourself and the way you present yourself.题组四Just turn on the news and you can hear about hurricanes, earthquakes, and more happenings in our world every day, and these tragedies can reach us on a minute-by-minute basis. Furthermore, when we hear about the disasters, it is hard for us not to react emotionally, even when we are not directly affected by them. Therefore, learning how to cope in a world full of tragedy is something everyone needs.What we put into our mind has a powerful effect on our mental, emotional and spiritual well-being. If you are exposing yourself to negative media sources for hours each day, then you are likely to begin feeling negative. It is good to be informed about world events and what is happening around the globe. However, it is another level to dwell on(细想)these events. If you find yourself constantly thinking about all the terrible things happening in the world, then you may have to limit your intake of negative things.Disasters are inevitable(不可避免的)in this world. When you are feeling that what is going on in the world is affecting your emotional well-being, it is time to make sure you are still keeping up with your life. Don’t stop your normal activities as a result of a disaster striking on the other side of the country. Donate and then move on with your life. It is ev en better if you can volunteer. What’s more, let the affected know you are concerned for them and hope that all is OK with them and their home. You will find that your expression of care toward others is cathartic(起渲息作用的)for your own emotional well-being.If you are having feelings of sadness, anxiety, or depression because of what is happening in the world, then you should talk to someone. Share your thoughts and feelings with someone who cares about you, as they will bemore willing to take the time to listen. If you find you are still feeling heavy, then you should contact a professional. They can help you work through your emotions.There is no such thing as a perfect world or perfect people, therefore natural and human disasters will continue. However, there is goodness in this world. There are good people and good things happening if you look for them. You’ll find yourself with a happier and more joyful spirit when you focus on the positive. When earthquakes happen, people often die. This is a sad reality. However, you can also read about stories of heroism and people helping others. These stories are what need to be celebrated. Find the glimmer of hope, heroism, or human decency(正派) in any situation and you will find yourself better dealing with the reality of the bad things that happen in today’s world.题组五The urge to share our lives on social mediaPeople have long used media to see reflections of themselves. Long before mobile phones or even photography, diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one lives. In the 18th and19th centuries, as diaries became more popular, middle-class New Englanders, particularly white women, wrote about their everyday lives and the world around them.These diaries were not a place into which they poured their innermost thoughts and desires, but rather a place to chronicle(记录)the social world around them. The diaries captured the everyday routines of mid-19th-century life, and women diarists in particular focused not on themselves but on their families and their communities.Diaries today are, for the most part, private. But things were different for these New England diaries. Young women who were married would send their diaries home to their parents as a way of maintaining kin(血缘) relations. When family or friends came to visit, it was not uncommon to sit down and go through one’s journal together.Diaries are not the only media that people have used to document lives and share them with others. We have long used media like photo albums, baby books and even slide shows as a means of creating traces(痕迹) of our lives. We do this to understand ourselves and to see trends in our behaviour. We create traces as part of our identity and part of our memory.Sharing everyday life events can strengthen social connection and intimacy(亲密感). For example, you take a picture of your child’s first birthday. It is not only a developmental milestone: the photo also strengthen the identity of the family unit itself. The act of taking the photo and proudly sharing it further reaffirms(再次证实) one as a good and attentive parent. In other words, the media traces of others figure in our own identities.Today’s social media platforms are, by and large, free to use, unlike historical diaries, which people had to buy. Today, advertising subsidises(补贴)our use of networked platforms. Therefore these platforms encourage use of their networks to build larger audiences and to better target them. Our pictures, our posts, and our likes are commodified—that is, they are used to create value through increasingly targeted advertising.Instead of social media merely connecting us, it has become a craze for information, continually trying to draw us in with the promise of social connectivity—it’s someone’s birthday, someone liked your picture, etc. There’s a multibillion-dollar industry pulling us into our smartphones, relying on a longstanding human need for communication.The urge to be present on social media is much more complex than simply narcissism(自恋).Social media of all kinds not only enable people to see their reflections, but to feel their connection as well.。

三模前阅读理解专题练03题组一ANew York’s best classes for after-school kids include sports classes, performing arts classes, art classes and language programs. Make sure your kids are ready for new adventures with these super-cool offerings!92nd Street Y ClassesAt this institution your musicians can learn how to play instruments. After-school classes examine different musical pieces and encourage teamwork in a group setting. At the end of the program, mini Mozarts can impress their family and friends at open-house concerts. Plus, when they’re not jamming, kids can take advantage of homework help in the Clubhouse, where they are divided up by grade level. Ages 5-15.The Cliffs at LICAfter a day of fighting academic courses at school, your favorite achievers can reach heights on arock-climbing wall. The Cliffs’ offerings allow developing bodies to build muscle strength. For example, introductory sessions teach climbers how to safely tie knots as well as other basics, mastering them with hands-on games and activities. The Cliffs at LIC, Long Island City. Ages 6-18.Staten Island Skating PavilionThis large area maintains its year-round frosty temperatures for ice-skating fun. Courses are offered every day for a variety of interests and skill levels, and public and freestyle sessions are available to children who want to spend some afternoons there without instruction. Ages 4-15.West Side YMCAIf your children want to learn how to swim, you’d be hard-pressed to find more options than those offered here. Kids are grouped by age and ability. The courses cover personal safety and swimming techniques. If your children prefer dry land,the West Side YMCA also offers dance, basketball and football. Visit our website for class descriptions and price information. Ages 5-18.56. Which of the following offers homework help?A. The Cliffs at LIC.B. West Side YMCA.C. 92nd Street Y Classes.D. Staten Island Skating Pavilion.57. What can participants do at Staten Island Skating Pavilion?A. Learn basic climbing skills.B. Enjoy skating all year around.C. Try a variety of outdoor sports.D. Start skating at the age of three.BA 2018 report found that food waste would increase by a third to 2. 1billion tons by 2030. Beyond the cost of the waste itself,thrown-away food generates a gas that contributes to climate change.Home delivery meal kits(盒)can reduce food waste by more than two-thirds,but suppliers need to switch to reusable packaging to make them environmentally friendly.Tailor-made meal kits cut waste by providing people with precise amounts of fresh ingredients(烹饪原料)for chosen recipes,meaning leftovers are minimized. But while the delivery services score well on reducing food waste,buying the same food ingredients from the supermarket almost always saves energy overall simply because meal kits use so much single-use packaging. The good news is that if people have meals that are tailored for consumption,they won’t overbuy and have less food waste. They fine-tune the amount of food to what they will actually eat.Meal kits can reduce transport emissions(排放)if people go to the supermarket less frequently. If people only go and buy such goods as soap and toilet paper,they may only have to visit once every couple of months. A delivery truck can carry meals for a lot of people in the neighborhood. So dozens of car trips might be replaced with one truck trip.However,study found that even if delivery meal kits reduced food waste to zero,they would still use up more energy overall than buying the same food from the supermarket unless the energy used for the meal kit packaging was cut by a fifth. The packaging is a killer if it’s single-use and thrown away,which can make all the environmental benefits lost. But if the packaging can be reused,if it’s glass bottles,like in the old days,we can get some benefits.58. What can we learn about home delivery meal kits?A. They can cut down on daily expenses.B. They will totally solve the problem of food waste.C. They can keep energy consumption to a minimum.D. They will benefit the environment with reusable packaging.59. What does the underlined word “fine-tune” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Attach.B. Adjust.C. Raise.D. Compare.60. The author suggests carrying meals with a delivery truck to _______.A. reduce transport emissionsB. save more foodC. shop only in the supermarketD. shorten car trip distancesCA study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics, and wars. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions, and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors―or of people very different from our own—can be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than what can be found in most history books.In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented: that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective: it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Franciso Goya was perhaps the first truly political artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May, 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its misuse of power over people. Over a hundred years later, symbolic images were used in Pa blo Picasso’s Guernica to express the horror of war. Meanwhile, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera, Jose Clements Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros ― as well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martinez―showed these Mexican artists’ de ep anger and sadness about social problems.In the same way, art can reflect a culture’s religious beliefs. Four hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that depicted people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn’t read, they could still understand biblical stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle Eastwas(and still is)its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic(伊斯兰教的)belief that statues are unholy(不神圣的,亵渎的).61. Which of the following sentences is WRONG according to the passage?A. Art history concentrates on religious beliefs, emotions and psychology only.B. Art can provide information about the everyday activities of ancient people.C. Information and facts about politics are given objectively in history.D. Franciso Goya was perhaps the first truly political artist.62. The two pictures The Third of May, 1808 and Guernica mentioned in paragraph 2 show that _____.A. art is subjectiveB. artists are very similar even over a hundred yearsC. art can reflect political life of a countryD. history books present objective information63. The passage is mainly discussing _______.A. the difference between general history and art historyB. the development of art historyC. the influence of artists on art historyD. what we can learn from art64. It may be concluded from this passage that _______.A. Islamic artists focus on creating architectural decorations with pictures of flowers or geometric(几何)formsB. history teachers are more objective than artistsC. it is more difficult to study art history than general historyD. people and stories from the Bible were painted on churches and other buildings in order to popularize theBibleDWhen Laura wanted to go into the garden by the back door, it was blocked by servants.Something had happened.“What’s the matter? What’s happened?”“There’s been a ho rrible accident/said the cook. “A man killed.”“A man killed! Where? How? When?”Know those little cottages just below here, Miss?” Know them? Of course, Laura knew them. "Well, there’s a young guy living there, name of Scott, a carter His horse shied(受惊)at a traction-engine, and he was thrown out on the back of his head. Killed.“Dead!” Laura stared at the cook.“Dead when they picked him up,” said the cook. “Just now they were taking the body home. He’s left a wife and five little ones.”“Come here,” Laura caught her sister’s sleeve and dragged her through the kitchen into the garden. There she paused. “Jose! ” she said, horrified, “however are we going to stop everything? ”“Stop everything, Laura!” cried Jose in astonishment. “What do you mean?”“Stop the garden party, of course. Why did Jose pretend?”But Jose was still more amazed. “Stop the garden party? My dear Laura, don’t be so absurd. Of course we can’t do anything of the kind. Nobody expects us to. Don’t be so extravagant.”“But we can’t possibly have a garden party with a man dead just outside the front gate.”That really was extravagant. Those little cottages, those miserable houses, had no right to be in that rich neighbourhood in the first place. When Laura and Jose were little they were even forbidden to set foot there because of the rude language and of what they might see. It was dirty and disgusting.“And just think of what the band would sound like to that poor woman," said Laura.“Oh, Laura!” Jose began to be seriously annoyed, lf you are going to stop a band playing every time someone has an accident, you’ll lead a very difficult life, I’m every bit as sorry about it as you. But you won’t bring a drunken workman back to life by being sentimental(多愁善感的).”“Drunk! Who said he was drunk?” Laura turned angrily on Jose, “I’m going straight up to tell mother. Do, dear,” said Jose, gently.“Mother, can I come into your mom?” Laura turned the big glass door-knob.“Of course, child. Why, what’s the matter? What’s given you such a colour?” And Mrs. Sheridan turned round from her dressing-table. She was trying on a new hat.“Mother, a man’s been killed, began laura.“Not in the garden?” interrupted her mother.“No, no!”“Oh, what a fright you gave me!” Mrs. Sheridan sighed with relief and took off the big hat and held it on her knees.“But listen, mother,…said Laura, Breathless, half-choking, she told the dreadful story. “Of course, we can’t have our party, can we?” she begged.”The band and everybody arriving. And the poor family would hear us, mothe r; they’re nearly neighbours!”“Oh, Laura’s astonishment her mother behaved just like Jose; it was harder to bear because she seemed amused. She refused to take Laura seriously.”“But, my dear child, use your common sense. If someone had died there normall y—and I can’t understand how they keep alive in those little holes—we should still be having our party, shouldn’t we?”Laura had to say “yes” to that, but she felt it was all wrong.“Mother, isn’t it terribly heartless of us?” she asked.“Darling!" Mrs. Sheridan got up and came over to her, carrying the hat. “My child!” said her mother, “the hat is yours. It’s made for you. Wow! Look at yourself! And she held up her hand-mirror. ”“But, mother, Laura began again. She couldn’t look at herself; she turned aside.”This time Mrs. Sheridan lost patience just as Jose had done.“You are being very absurd, Laura,” she said coldly. “People like that don’t expect sacrifices from us. And ifs not very sympathetic to spoil everybody’s enjoyment as you are doing now.”“I don’t understand,’’ murmured Laura. Then, quite by chance, she saw this charming girl in the mirror, in the beautiful hat. Never had she imagined she could look like that. Is mother right? She thought. And now she hoped her mother was right. Am I being extravagant? Perhaps. Just for a moment she had another glimpse of that poor woman and those little children, and the body being carried into the house. But it all seemed blurred, unreal, like a picture in the newspaper. I’ll remember it again after the party’s over, she decided. And somehow that seemed quite the best plan …ura suggested stopping everything because _______.A. something bad had happened in the gardenB. her neighbours were experiencing great griefC. the servants blocked the back door of the gardenD. she wanted to provide material help for the poor family66.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. Laura was trying to submit herself to her family.B. The news of the carter’s death finally hit the headlines.C. Laura hoped mother was right in choosing that hat for her.D. A poor man’s death was little more than an unimportant thing,67. What will most probably happen following this story?A. Laura came up with a best plan to solve all this.B. Laura managed to persuade her mother and sister.C. The party just continued as planned in the garden,D. The poor widow came over to scold the band.68.Which of the following can best describe Laura?A. Sentimental and persistent.B. Optimistic and easy-going.C. Considerate and sympathetic.D. Hardworking and open-minded,69.What does the underlined word “extravagant” probably mean?A. Too sensible.B. Not practicalC. Too upright.D. Not sympathetic.70.Which of the following can be the best title of the story?A. The garden party.B. The quarrel.C. the rich and the poor.D. The death of a neighbour.题组二AImproving your lifestyle through sportsDo you want to lead an active lifestyle? Are you passionate about sports? Have you thought about making new friends? Come on down and sign up for any of our classes at our exclusive launch!Date: 5 AprilTime: 10 a. m. to 7 p. m.Place: VibraSquare AtriumWe offer classes like badminton, tennis, basketball and volleyball for everyone from the age of 10 to 40. Come on down to learn more about our classes as well as our special rates. All our classes are conducted by certified coaches.A Mystery Gift will be given to the first 50 people who sign up for any sports class with us!Highlights of our launch event:• 1 p. m.: Talk on balancing sports and studies by Dr Claire Leow• 3 p. m.: Autograph signing session by professional badminton player Kate Wee, winner of the recent Singapore Open• 5p. m.: Talk on how sports can benefit one’s lifestyle by Mr. Ryan Tan• 6 p. m.: Free tennis clinic for children conducted by Michael Ismail, a former professional tennis player To register for the above events, please contact Michelle at 6234 6226 or email sports@ edufit. comLimited places available on a first-come-first-served basis.Take part in a sure-win lucky draw when you enter for any sports class on the day of our launch! Prizes include VibraSquare Mall vouchers(票券),Wellness & Fitness sports clothing and many more j Official Sponsors:VibraSquare Mall Wellness & Fitness Glizard Drinks56. What can we know about the Mystery Gift?A. It is available anytime during April.B. It is given to the first fifty class applicants.C. You may choose vouchers or clothing.D. Each participant of the launch event can get one.57. When will kids attend the launch event if they are fond of tennis?A. At 1 p. m..B. At 3 p. m..C. At 5 p. m..D. At 6 p. m..BAlida Monaco doesn’t spend her summers doing the usual teenage work, like working at the mall.Instead,she’s studying.It used to be that a summer job was considered a teenage thing. Today, Monaco, who has never had a summer job, is part of growing trend teenagers focusing on their studies, even during the summer. That’s down from 72% of Americans aged 16 to 19 who worked in July of 1978, according to the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.Fierce competition, older workers returning to the workforce and weak economic growth are all adding to the decrease of teenagers in the workforce. But as schoolwork grows increasingly heavy and homework eats up more tim e, data suggest the biggest reason why some teens won’t be working this summer is that they simply don’t1 have time.For college - bound teens, some teachers even advise students not to waste time on a summer job. “ Some of my students only have about six weeks off in the summer,” said Shannon Reed, a lecturer at the University of Pittsburgh and a former high school English teacher.” I could never advise that they get jobs during that short break. ”Young people who don’t work may miss out on valuable skills that they’11 need control and help people learn to deal with adult situations. But Monaco, who plans to attend Harvard, isn’t fazed by her lack of work experience. “Maybe I have missed out on a couple of life skills, “she said. “ But I don’t think it will harm me in way.”58. What is the trend of American teenagers?A. They are becoming lazy.B. They are fond of doing holiday jobs.C. They are focusing more on studies than on jobs.D. They are becoming particular about holiday jobs59. What is the third paragraph mainly about?A. The reasons for teenagers giving up work.B. The fierce competition teenagers face.C. The structure of America’s workforce.D. The effects of America9 s weak economy.60. What does the underlined word “fazed” in the last parag raph mean?A. supported.B. helped.C. upset.D. confused.CWhy is poverty so difficult to overcome? Why are poorer people less likely to invest in their own learning and ability development, but more likely to be addicted to television and video games?In the past, a poor person was normally considered to have bad character or have no ambition. Banerjee corrects such views and explains the economics behind the poor. Poor people tend to live with more worries in their lives, he said, so they need tools such as televisions, cell phones, junk food and video games to relieve worries more than others. But investment in learning often takes a long time to get rewards, while the poor are often impatient due to economic reasons, and their life in the meantime is getting more worrisome and boring.That goes for health. Banerjee and his wife find that the poor spend the same amount of money and time, or even more on health and medical care than the middle class group, but they tend to get bad effects. The reason is that the poor often lack the essential medical and healthy knowledge and they tend to get medical treatment when the disease has worsened to a certain stage. Besides, they tend to trust the doctors who “give strongmedicine”because they believe such doctors are the “good” ones. But in fact,“strong medicine”always leads to resistance to drugs and overtreatment. This kind of attitude, which emphasizes treatment rather than early prevention, has brought many poor people more economic stress and physical damage, and even has affected the education of their next generation. According to the study, children in poorer physical condition tend to spend less time in school and have lower incomes after graduation, so poverty gets “inherited”.When it comes to fin ance, Banerjee’s research has found that the poor often need to borrow little andshort-term loans while paying extremely high interest rates. It is also because the poor tend to take higher financial risks ----they often have unstable incomes and are unable to get working capital from banks, so they rely more on these high-interest loans. And these small loans put a brake on their savings against risks.How could the poor step into the middle class? Maybe starting a business is a way out. But for the extremely poor, it’s impossible to get the capital they need to start a business. In most cases, a more practical option is getting a job in government agencies because comparatively speaking, government jobs are very stable, which give the poor the opportunities to be hired for the long term, to increase the range of their thinking and thus enabling families to move from poverty to the middle class.Banerjee’s research provides a new perspective for governments to understand poverty, so that policies can be tailored to decrease poverty and ultimately eliminate(消除)it.61. How do the poor deal with the issue of health?A. They spend less money in preventing disease.B. They focus more on the diseases than early prevention.C. They usually think it essential to resist strong medicine.D. They are willing to get free medical treatment from the government.62. From the underlined sentence, we can learn that _______.A. poverty is produced by the poorB. poverty is passed down by their parentsC. poverty has some bad effects on the poorD. poverty causes people to bear more economic stress63. Banerjee considers it difficult to overcome poverty because _______.A. the poor have bad character or have no ambitionB. the poor prefer to invest in business rather than workC. the government hasn’t taken proper and effective measureD. the poor were troubled by their lives, health and finance64. What can we learn from the passage?A. The poor have attached importance to education.B. The government can’t provide the jobs for the poor.C. All the poor need to start a business for their survival.D. Banerjee’s research is helpful for the government to rid of poverty.DWhen I opened my closet door this morning, I saw a sign that says, “Good morning, beautiful business.” It’s a reminder to me of just how beautiful business can be when we put all our creativity, energy, and care into producing one product or service in exchange for another. Economic exchange can be one of the most meaningful and beautiful interactions among human beings.Over the past years since I started the White Dog Café, my business has not only provided me with a way of making a living and a way of serving others but also been my teacher. In reading Small Is Beautiful I realized that so much of what my business has taught me can be found in the great lessons of E.F. Schumacher: it is of great benefit to keep your business focusing on the needs of workers rather than only on what they produce; you’d better use a management style that balances freedom and order; you should build sustainable local economies and respect the land and nature. The effects of industrialization that worried Schumacher decades ago have gotten even worse: namely, wealth inequality and the growing degradation(退化)of our environment.Today much of what I care about ---nature, animals, communities, family farms, family businesses, native cultures, the character of our towns and cities, even our children’s future—is being threatened by corporate globalization. To protect all that I care deeply about, I need to step out of my own company, out of the White Dog Café. I started my journey with the simple idea that a sustainable global economy must be compromised of sustainable local economies. Rather than a global economy controlled by large international corporations, our movement advocates a global economy with a network of local economies made up of small independent businesses that create community wealth while working in harmony with natural system.I opened the White Dog Café in 1983 on the first floor of my house in a neighborhood of Philadelphia. It is the house I have lived in since I was a child. Today much of the food I serve at the White Dog Café comes from the same land where my ancestors once farmed. When I opened the café years ago, it was a simple coffee and cake take-away shop serving students who lived nearby. Over the years we have expanded our menu and grown to occupy five buildings. We now employ more 100 people, can seat more than two hundred customers, and earn over $5 million a year! I owe our success to making decisions not for the purpose of maximizing profits but instead maximizing the relationships with our customers and staff, with our community, with our suppliers and with our natural environment.Now I still live above the shop. I still have the old-fashioned way of doing business---the way it was in the old days with the family farm, the family inn, and the corner store. Living and working in the same community has given me a stronger sense of place and a different business outlook. When I make a business decision, it comes naturally for my decision to be made in the common interest of all involved because every day I see the people affected by my decision---my neighbours, my customers, and my employees as well as the natural world. There is a short distance between the business decision-maker and those affected by the decision. I believe that when we are surrounded by those affected by our decisions, we are more likely to make a decision from the heart as opposed to the head.Business schools teach “grow or die”. But I make a conscious decision to continue to be a small business because I know that when we grow in physical size, we give up something very important—authentic relationshipswith the people around us and those we do business with. I have come to realize that we can measure our success by measuring how much we improve our knowledge, deepen our relationships, achieve happiness, and have more fun.65. What do we know about the sign on the author’s closet door?A. It has been her family motto for years.B. It serves as an inspiration to her.C. It comes from one of her favourite book.D. It helps her forget difficulties in business.66. What is one drawback of corporate globalization according to the author?A. The high cost.B. Small profits.C. Poor management.D. Damage to the environment.67. What did the author do when facing the threat of corporate globalization?A. She worked together with other independent businesses.B. She fought against the global economy in her community.C. She expanded her own business at home and abroad.D. She learned from large international corporations.68. What is the secret behind the success of the White Dog Café?A. It always has regular customers.B. It has been run as a family business.C. It gets along well with the people involved.D. It makes big profits by developing fast.69. Why does the author choose to live and work in the same community?A.. She wants to stay close to her family.B. She can learn about o thers’ opinions easily.C. Food in her café can be served immediately.D. Neighbors can be her customers or employees.70. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph imply?A. We usually learn how to do business in business school.B. Business schools focus on the basic principles of business.C. We tend to measure success in business by constant growth.D. Business schools teach when to expand or leave the business.题组三AWanna soften the blow of a hangover?A hangover refers to the headache and sick feeling that you have the day after drinking too much alcohol. If you are looking for something to nurse your hangover, you will find the following right ideas.1. ASIAN PEAR JUICEHave some extra Asian pears at home? Run them through your juicer before your next night out. According to researchers at Australia’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, just 7.4 ounces of Asian pear juice is enough to soften the blow of a hangover. The scientists say that the juice interacts with enzymes that break down alcohol, speeding up your metabolism and leaving less surplus alcohol for your body to absorb. There’s just one catch: The juice must be consumed before you drink anything else in order to be effective.2. MUSICAnyone who’s ever suffered through a massive hangover knows that sound is the enemy. But while your roommate’s 9 a.m. tap dancing practice might exacerbate(加剧)your symptoms, music may have the opposite effect. Research has shown that listening to music can provide relief to migraines, which are similar to hangover headaches. As long as the music is pleasant and suits your taste, it should help to drown out the chorus of pain laying in your mind. Head sensitivity isn’t the only symptom music helps with. According to researche rs at the University of Edinburgh, listening to your favorite music also eases pain.3. EGGSThe best way to tackle a hangover with food is to eat while you drink. Chowing down after the damage has already been done may distract you from your turmoil for a short while, but it won’t soothe your physical symptoms. There are a few exceptions: Eggs, for example, have hangover-fighting potential thanks to a special ingredient. The food is packed with cysteine, an amino acid that breaks down the drinking byproduct acetaldehyde(乙醛). So whether you prefer to enjoy brunch out or at home, make sure your meal includes eggs in some form.56. According to the passage, the author may agree with the following EXCEPT______.A. Asian pear juice can help soften the blow of a hangover if you drink it before anything else.B. Your roommate can make you suffer less from a hangover by practising tap dancing at 9.C. Eggs are said to contain a special ingredient that may soothe the symptoms of a hangover.D. Enjoying your favorite piece of music is an efficient way to fight the pain of a hangover.57. The passage is most probably taken from _______.A. a textbookB. a science fictionC. a health magazineD. an advertisementBFrom talking robots and video phones, technology has become so advanced that the previously impossible seems to occur on a daily basis. And yet—we still have no cure for the common cold.Why can’t we stop the common cold? According to Peter Barlow, a scientist at Edinburgh Napier University,。