2021届湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三上学期“每周一练”高考模拟英语试题(一)

2021年长沙市雅礼实验中学高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AEver wonder why there are so many people polluting the earth? Ever say to yourself：Hey, I wish that I could do more to help the environment? Have you ever thought about trying to help the earth but never really did it? Well, here are some pretty easyand skillful ideas for that green - earth desire inside you.●Turn off your computer. By leaving it on all day you are creating more CO2than a regular passenger would, driving to and from work in one day.● Ride your bike or carpool (合用汽车).Obviously, youare creating less CO2which will help the ozone(臭氧).● Make a garden. Even simply grow some plants in your kitchen, which will help produce more oxygen while eating up some of that evil CO2.● Buy local groceries. It creates less impact on the environment. Besides, you're supporting your local farmers.● Recycle. You had to see this coming. But you have no idea how much you are helping the environment by simply reusing a water bottle instead of buying a huge pack at the store.● Don't run the water while brushing. It saves you money and helps the water resources.● Open the curtains. Natural light is much prettier and it will keep the energy usage down.● Rechargeable batteries. You have no idea how much it takes to get rid of batteries. Do yourself a favor. Save some money and some energy.1. If you don't want to create more CO2, you may_______.A. turn off your computer or open the curtainsB. turn off your computer or ride your bike or carpoolC. make a garden or open the curtainsD. use rechargeable batteries or make a garden2. Which of the following can best describe the function of the first paragraph?A. Main body.B. Argument.C. Lead - in.D. Conclusion.3. The main idea of the passage is about________.A. the importance of environmental protectionB. some ways about how to prevent pollutionC. some suggestions about how to save energyD. some suggestions about environmental protectionBPut your hand over your heart and sit very still. You may notice that the sound of your heartbeat is similar to the beat of a drum. Your heart starts beating before you are born and continues throughout your life. For this reason, the beating of a drum stands for the rhythm of life for many people around the world.InGhana, a country inAfrica, many schools use drums instead of bells to show the beginning and ending of class. Through the drum, the children ofGhanaalso learn about their history and culture. They hear old stories passed on through the music of the drum. The stories of the drum also teach children games, rules and lessons about behavior.For thousands of years inAfrica, drums have been used to tell stories of daily life and history. Drums told the coming of a king, the start of a war, or the birth of a child. They also allowed people to share messages. But how does a drum tell a story?InWest Africa, the most common drum used for communication is called a “talking drum”. By making higher orlower drum sounds, the drummer can make the drum “talk”.In many African languages, words go up and down in pitch (高音) when they are spoken, almost like a song. Depending on the pitch or tone (音调), the same sound can have many different meanings. For example, when spoken with two low tones, the African word “ilu” means “drum”. When spoken with one high and one low tone, “ilu” means “town”.Drum language works in the same way. Just as in spoken language, the word “ilu” has different meanings depending on how it’s drummed. When “ilu” is drummed with two beats using low tones, the word means “drum”. When “ilu” is drummed with two beats using one high and one low tone, it means “town”.Drummers create “words” to build ideas, sentences and stories. The next time you hear a song, listen for the heartbeat within the music. Can you hear the story of the drum?4. The first paragraph mainly tells us________.A. drums beat like our heartsB. drums have a long historyC. drums are widely used in the worldD. drums are important for many people worldwide5. From the text, we learn that inGhanadrums________.A. are not as useful as beforeB. teach children a lot of thingsC. help bring the war to an endD. are used in class by teachers6. The example of the African word “ilu” is used to show________.A. how a word can have different soundsB. how to speak African languagesC. how a drum tells storiesD. how to beat a drum7. What would be the best title for the text?A. Know the history of the drumB. Listen to the story of the drumC. Beat the drum of lifeD. Love me, love my drumCAs is commonly known,Antarcticais an icy continent with extreme environment. However, a new study provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment from under the seafloor off the coast ofAntarctica. In the sediment, they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old. At that period, dinosaurs were the ruler animals of the land.Johann Klages, a German geologist, was the lead writer of a study on the findings, published in the journalNature. He said the sediment was collected from a depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor. Klages said an examination showed that the material didn’t form in the ocean.The researchers estimate that the area — about 900 kilometers from the South Pole — had average yearly temperatures of about12°Cto13°C. The soil included fine dirt particles and hard clay, as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants, the study found. Although no animal remains were found, Klages said there were likely dinosaurs, flying reptiles and many insects in the environment.The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes Earth experienced in the past — and is currently undergoing today. The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet’s warmest period of the past 140 million years, with sea level about 170 meters higher than today. The researchers said that the rainforest environment inAntarcticawas especially surprising because each year, the area experiences a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life. Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time, butseasonal snowfall was likely.8. What can we learn about the sediment collected?A. It formed in the age of dinosaurs.B. It was found on theAntarcticaland.C. Ancient forest material was found in it.D. Some dinosaur remains were found in it.9. How did the researchers reach their findings?A. By analyzing the Earth sediment.B. By exploring ice inAntarctica.C. By collecting data on climate.D. By researching special plants.10. What can be indicated in the last paragraph?A. Seasonal snowfall made the forest disappear.B. Antarctica was much colder 140 million years ago.C. Antarctica’s natural environment has changed greatly.D. Polar nights inAntarcticaare getting shorter than before.11. What is the main idea of the text?A. Rainforest disappeared fromAntarctica.B. Antarctica had a different history of climate.C. Researchers studied a piece of Earth sediment ofAntarctica.D.Antarcticahad an extreme environment containing ice and snow.DJennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's(学士) degree.Jennifer grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobsto cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲) a lot to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, her children have learned animportant lesson, witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that's pretty powerful.12. What did Jennifer do after high school?A. She helped her dad with his work.B. She ran the family farm on her own.C. She taught her sisters and brothers.D. She supported herself through college.13. Why did she choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital?A. To learn from the best nurses.B. To take care of her kids easily at night.C. To save money for her parents.D. To find a well-paid job there.14. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?A. Her health.B. Her chance of promotion.C Her reputation. D. Her time with family.15. What can we learn from Jennifer's story?A. Hard work pays off.B. Love breaks down barriers.C. Time is money.D. Education is the key to success.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021届长沙市雅礼中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATop Four Places to Visit in and aroundBaliUbudUbud is pretty away from the beaches. It is considered the cultural center of Bali, where you will discover the art and spirit ofBaliand learn about Balinese religion through paintings, dance, and other art forms. You could drink a beer while watching a local band perform, but most people come here for the cultural appreciation.Nusa LembonganThis tiny island off the coast of Bali is where many people miss their journey plans, but it is a must-see, It is the perfect place to stay for a couple of nights, The roads are not good, but the island itself is so beautiful and quiet.SanurSanur is an especially relaxing beach town. It's close to the airport and Kuta. It's also the starting place to explore Nusa Lembongan.KutaThebeachofKutais great for surfing. It is crowded and you won't get far without someone trying to get you to rent a surfboard or buy something. The main town is a mixture of market stands and shopping malls containing the biggest brands, from Zara to Ralph Lauren. The familiarity of the western style shops and restaurants won't give anyone too much of a culture shock.1. Which place are you probably advised to experience Balinese culture?A. Nusa Lembongan.B. Sanur.C. Ubud.D. Kuta.2. What is special about Kuta?A. It is a beach town near the airport.B. It has a convenient transportation means on it.C. It is a shopping center and famous for surfing.D. It is a place where you can learn Balinese history.3. Where is the text probably taken from?A. An official document.B. A travel magazine.C. A science report.D. A history book.BA new study has discovered that meditation (冥想) and oxygen sport together reduce depression. The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students,” said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman. “It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect on combatingdepression. Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport. They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing, enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.Shors, who studies the productionof new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.The idea for the human intervention (干预) came fromher laboratory studies, she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.By learning to focus their attention and exercise, people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past, Shors says.“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health.” said Alderman. “The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”4. What made the research so different?A. Adopting a way of meaningful talk.B. Combining the two behavioral ways to treat depression.C. Treating depression with special medicine.D. Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.5. The underlined word “combating” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______.A. fightingB. identifyingC. distinguishingD. examining6. What did the participants do in the research?A. They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.B. They thought quietly and then took exercise.C. They took exercise longer than they thought.D. They took exercise while thinking quietly.7. What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?A. To find out certain brain cells of humans.B. To study the production of new brain cells.C. To offer people a new method to treat stress.D. To decide the links between stress and exercise.CFirst grader Gavin Clampett was diagnosed(诊断) with Tourette’s Syndrome at the age of five. Due to the neurological(神经的) disorder, he always experiences a variety of sudden uncontrolled movements and sounds.The uncontrollable actions mean that he often gets dirty looks from strangers in public and kids make cruel comments on the school bus and in class. In an effort to prevent the unkind comments, Gavin’s mother, 32­year­old Rebecca Clampett helped him make a video with his sister Brynn, nine, and played it to pupils at his school to help them understand the condition.In the video, which Rebecca also shared on YouTube, Gavin’s sister Brynn starts by answering the question “What is Tourette’s Syndrome?” She explains, “It is a neurological disorder, which means it affects the brain so that a person makes unwanted movements. These are called tics(抽搐), but not like a tic that is found outside. These tics can be very noticeable or not very noticeable, quiet or loud.”School can be hard for all kids. That canbe even harder for children like Gavin because they have to face people who laugh at them every single day. “I feel like my brother and every other kid who has Tourette’s Syndrome are brave. So be kind to them and don’t treat them differently because they are just like you”, Brynnsays in the video.Gavin concludes, “Everyone could play with someone. Some people think I can’t because I’m different but actually I can. Some are afraid that I will say dirty words, but actually I won’t. The disease bothers me a little, but I’m OK.”8. What can we know about Tourette’s Syndrome?A. It can be treated with drugs.B. It is usually found at an early age.C. People with it will say dirty words.D. People with it can make uncontrolled sounds.9. Because of the disease, others often _________.A. take pity on GavinB. give a hand to GavinC. keep away from GavinD. look down upon Gavin10. In the video, Gavin’s sister __________.A. explains her brother’s diseaseB. expresses her love for her brotherC. complains about unkind commentsD. encourages others to donate money11. What can be used to best describe Gavin?A. Lucky.B. Helpless.C. Optimistic.D. Stubborn.DThe annual 3-to-4-millimeter rise in sea levels is expected to impact many coastal communities in the coming decades. However, few are as defenceless as the Republic of theMaldives, a collection of more than a thousand picturesque islands in theIndian Ocean. NASA researchers believe that parts of what is “arguably the lowest-lying country in the world” will become uninhabitable by 2050, due to wave-driven flooding and limited freshwater. To fight the unavoidable, the government recently revealed plans for the world's first 'true' floating island city.The aptly-named Maldives Floating City (MFC) is the brainchild of Dutch Docklands, a global leader in floating infrastructure (基建). According to the March 13, 2021, announcement, the new city will be constructed on a 200-hectare lagoon (环礁湖) located just 10 minutes by boat from the Maldivian capital, Male. It will initially consist of a thousand waterfront residences, arranged in a series of honeycomb-like maze rows. The developersplan to add hotels, restaurants, shops, and even a school and a hospital in the near future. The floating structures. will be attached to the surrounding islands, which will form a base and provide protection from high tides.Maldive officials aim to make MFC as self-sufficient as possible. Freshwater storage will provide drinking water for residents, while floating solar blankets and agriculture fields will take care of their energy and food needs.“ThisMaldivesFloatingCitydoes not require any land rehabilitation, therefore has a minimal impact on the coral reefs,” explains Mohamed Nasheed, Speaker of Parliament. “What's more, giant, new reefs will be grown to act as water breakers. In theMaldives,we cannot stop the waves, but we can rise with them.”Construction of the revolutionary city is expected to begin in 2022 and be completed in phases over the next five years. If successful, it will provide a blueprint for other countries facing a similar situation.12. Why doesMaldivesdecide to build MFC?A. It is the lowest-lying country.B. It will be flooded soon.C. It is running out of fresh water.D. It will be unsuitable for living.13. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The prospect of MFC.B. The developers of the plan.C. The location of the residences.D. The barriers to the construction.14. What can we infer from the underlined words?A. MFC will keep waves away.B. MFC will make use of waves.C. MFC will adjust to the waves.D. MFC will work as water breakers.15. What's the writing purpose of this passage?A. To introduce a construction program.B. To appeal to people to protect nature.C. To seek international help forMaldives.D. To report the achievement of a city plan,第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021年湖南雅礼中学高三英语月考试卷一英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择Here are some famous romantic places in the world that you can’t miss.ParisThe ranking for the “most romantic city” quite rightly leads to Paris. The city of light has long been famous as a city of love. This is definitely the best place for love, wine and food. Paris is rich with history; you can take a walk through the Louvre, go to a café across the Champs Elysees, have dinner at the Eiffel Tower or visit the Palace of Versailles.VeniceUndoubtedly, Venice is the most romantic city of Italy. From the amazing architecture of San Marco Square to the gondolas(贡多拉船) there, V enice talks about love, romance and passion. The best time to visit Venice is during the annual carnival(狂欢节). A gondola trip through the most magical city in Europe remains unforgettable for everyone.ViennaVienna may well be called the cradle of European culture. The baroque architecture, the historic city opera and typical restaurants create a romantic mood and memorable atmosphere. During the ball season in Vienna, one can enjoy the city’s past, the masked waltz and romance.PraguePrague is called the heart of Europe. The city, dating from the 9th century, is indeed a real architectural wo nder. Prague’s famous castle is the largest ancient castle in the world, built early in 1257. For a more romantic experience, take your loved ones to the top of the 60-foot observatory and watch the slow sunset over Prague.MaldivesThere are quiet islands, warm, clear water with excellent visibility, a huge amount of reefs and an incredible diversity of marine life. The Maldives is the place to shoot all those beautiful postcard pictures of couples on a desert beach. Most islands are not more than 1 km in area, with makes them particularly suitable for privacy, honeymoons and love.1．The city of light refers to___________.A．Paris B．VeniceC．Prague D．Vienna2．In Vienna, visitors can________________.A．go to the annual carnival.B．admire the typical French architecture.C．see the waltz in the ball season.D．take beautiful pictures of reefs.3．Which of the following is TRUE?A．Vienna is known as the heart of Europe.B．Prague has the largest ancient castle in the world.C．Paris is called the cradle of European culture.D．Most of the islands of the Maldives are more than 1 km in area.In Vietnam, two members of a family of street vendors are finding a way to help the poorest students in Hanoi. Pham Minh Dap and his brother are providing the students with mostly free English and Japanese lessons at a learning center they created. The men want to help people who would not normally have a chance to learn a foreign language.Some education experts in Vietnam say such knowledge may help college graduates get jobs. The country’s economy has improved. But many graduates continue to have a hard time finding employment. Local media reported ten percent of university graduates do not have a job.Earlier this year, 24-year-old Pham Minh Dap and his brother established a school they call “Stand By You”. V olunteers teach poor students English and Japanese. Many classes are free. Students with some language knowledge pay 25 to 50 cents per class. Mr. Dap pays about $ 500 to rent the language center space and for other costs. He gives about $ 150 from his earnings as a street Vendor and private language teaching. His brother gives the same amount from the money he earns as a secretary. Friends provide the rest. Mr. Dap and many of his family members have sold things outside HoaBin h Park in the center of Vietnam’s capital for five years. They come from a village of rice farmers in Thanh Hoa Province.Twenty-four-year-old Pham THi Trang is one of 600 students at the language school. She is finishing her university studies. Her parents work in a market in a village in Ha Nam Province. She says life is hard in the city. She earns about $50 a month from a part-time job, and her parents give her $ 75. But this is not enough to live on. She has said she has to bevery careful with money so she can pay her bills.Demand for the school is growing. About 1,000 people are on a waiting list to enter. Ten people have offered to teach for free. And Mr. Dap says he is hoping to raise money to pay for a bigger place. He wants to open more classes.4．“Stand By You” is established____________.A．by the Vietnam government B．by a familyC．by a non-profit organization D．by two brothers5．What can we infer from the passage?A．All the courses provided by “ Stand By You” are free.B．Farmers in Vietnam are very rich.C．“Stand By You” is especially welcomed by the poor students in Vietnam.D．Only ten percent of university graduates in Vietnam are employed.6．Mr. Dap wants to pay for a bigger place because___________.A．he wants to make more money.B．he wants to open more classes for poor students.C．he wants to change his job.D．he wants to provide a wider space for students to play.7．The main idea of the passage is ____________.A．street vendors help the poor to learn English and Japanese.B．the demand for school is growing in Vietnam.C．free learning of English and Japanese are provided in Vietnam.D．students in Vietnam are very poor.Is it true that left-handed people are smarter than right-handed people? Chris McManus, professor of psychology and medical education at University College London, responds;“If by intelligent you mean someone who performs better on IQ tests, the simply answer is no. Studies in the U.K., U. S. and Australia have revealed that left-handed people differ from right-handers by only one IQ point, which is not______”Left-handedness is, however, much more common among individuals with severe learning difficulties. A slightly higher proportion of left-handers have a stutter(口吃). Other problems, such as a higher rate of accidents reported in left-handers, mostly result from a world designed for the convenience of right-handers, with many tools not made for the left-handed.However, if by smarter you mean more talented in certain areas, left-handers may have an advantage. Left-handers’ b rains are structured differently from right-handers’ in ways that can allow them to process language, relations and emotions in more diverse and creative ways. Also, a slightly larger number of left-handers than right-handers are especially gifted in music and maths. A study of musicians in professional orchestras（管弦乐队）found a greater proportion of talented left-handers, even among those who played instruments that seem designed for right-handers, such as violins. Similarly, studies of adolescents who took tests to assess mathematical ability found many more left-handers in the population. The fact that mathematicians are often musical may not be a coincidence.For other talents and skills, the benefits of being left-handed are less clear. In one-on-one competitive sports, being in the minority can be an advantage. For example, mostright-handed tennis players have little experience of playing left-handers, but left-handers have plenty of experience of playing right-handers.Whatever the advantages are, handedness seems to be genetic. With 10 percent of people preferring their left hand, there must be some selective advantages, or else the genes would probably not survive.8．The underlined word, “noteworthy”, in the second paragraph, probably means“_______”. A．remarkable B．convincingC．helpful D．beneficial9．What is one of the characteristics of left-handed people?A．They have a much higher IQ than right-handed people.B．They have an obvious advantage in tennis.C．They are more likely to be talented in certain fields.D．They usually don’t have learning difficulties.10．We can learn________ from the passage.A．right-handers have a higher rate of accidents.B．most right-handed tennis players are good at playing left-handers.C．left-handers can sometimes be more gifted in music and maths than right-handers. D．left-handers’ brains process language in the same way as right-handers’.11．You are most likely to find this passage in the ____________ section of a magazine. A．travel and entertainmentB．gene and health.C．fashion and trendsD．health and lifestyleNo one not even its creators-thought that the world would care about the interwoven(相互交织的)lives, loves and sufferings of a group of attractive and witty New Yorkers. But there’s no doubt that Friends(老友记)has become more than just a successful situation comedy—it has established itself as one of the last great television phenomena of the last century. Along the way, it has made its half-dozen lead actors famous.Looking back the strong friendship between the group of three men and three women who frequently gather at each other’s apartments and at Greenwich Village’s Central Perk coffee house, Friends was created by television producers, David Crane and Marta Kauffman. In 1993, the pair met producer Kevin S. Bright. Then the three became partners and got a deal to produce a new comedy for Warner Brothers. What they came up with was based on Crane and Kauffman’s after-college years, when they hung out at the local coffee house and involved themselves in every aspect of each other’s lives.It didn’t take long for viewers to make friends with Friends. The sitcom quickly became a top ten hit. Critics loved it as well. Entertainment Weekly said the show operate like a Broadway show, with twisty plots and unique jokes. The television theme song has also been a success with the public. The song’s success helped save the television theme song. An ABC(美国广播公司)executive was ready to order very short music intros(前奏) on his network’s shows, thinking that viewers would hit the remote control as soon as the opening started. But the success of the Friends theme song led the ABC executive to change his mind---remote controls or not, the TV theme song would stay.Years have gone by, but Friends remains and will remain an example of a modern day US sitcom that is both hugely entertaining television and nothing short o a genuine latter-day social phenomenon.12．What is stressed in the second paragraph?A．The origin of FriendsB．The role models of FriendsC．The popularity of FriendsD．The brilliance of Friends.13．Which of the following is TRUE about Friends?A．It has a simple but entertaining plot.B．It is about friendship between college students.C．It was criticized by Entertainment Weekly.D．It first came into being in the 1990.14．What can we learn from the passage?A．Producer, Kevin S. Bright, graduated from the same college as David Crane.B．ABC once replaced the theme song of its TV show with a short music introC．The ABC executive thought highly of the theme song of Friends.D．Marta Kauffman expected Friends to achieve great success.15．What might the author think of Friends?A．Its merits outweigh its shortcomings.B．Its success lies in the lack of good sitcoms.C．He/she has a reserved attitude towards its success.D．He/she shows great affection towards it .二、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2021届高三英语上学期月考试题（一）（含解析）注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例: How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。

1.Where does this conversation probably take place?A.In a restaurant.B.In a department store.C.In the office. 2.when will the man leave? A.At 7:20. B.At 7:30. C.At 8:00.. 3.Why did Belinda quit her job? A.Because she lost interest in her job. B.Because she wanted to make more money. C.Because she didn't want to work such long hours. 4.What will the man probably do with the computer? A.Have it fixed. B.Give it to the woman. C.get a new one. 5.What is the relationship between the speakers? A.Father and daughter. B.Teacher and student. C.Classmates. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

2021年湖南省长沙市雨花区雅礼中学高考英语一模试卷第一部分听力做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt？A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.答案是C。

1．Where does this conversation take place？A．In a classroom．B．In a hospital．C．In a museum．2．What does Jack want to do？A．Take fitness classes．B．Buy a pair of gym shoes．C．Change his work schedule．3．What are the speakers talking about？A．What to drink．B．Where to meet．C．When to leave．4．What is the relationship between the speakers？A．Colleagues．B．Classmates．C．Strangers．5．Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation？A．She might want a ticket．B．She is looking for the man．C．She has an extra ticket．第二节听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

2021年长沙市雅礼中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOn a rainy afternoon, maybe one of the following books will keep you company leisurely, allowing you to spend your time alone as well as stepping into a different world.Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets,by Patricio PronIn April 1945,Italy, a writer disappeared at a conference and was found dead at another place. Thirty years later, a young man interviewed survivors from the conference, trying to uncover the truth about what happened and its consequences. This novel, by a well-known Argentine writer, explores art, crime and politics.When Breath Becomes Air, by Paul KalanithiAt thirty-six, Paul Kalanithi was diagnosed (诊断) with stage IV lung cancer. One day he was a doctor treating the dying, and the next he was a patient. This autobiography finds hope and beauty in the face of death as Kalanithi attempts to answer the question “What makes a life worth living?”.To Killa Mockingbird, by Harper LeeSet in a smallAlabamatown in the 1930s, the story focuses on honest, highly respected lawyer Atticus Finch who puts his career on the line when he agrees to represent Tom Robinson, a black man accused of committing a crime.Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) storyby Bess KalbBess Kalb saved every voicemail from her grandmother Bobby Bell who died at ninety. In this book, Bobby is speaking to Bess once more, in a voice as loving as it ever was in life and brings us several generations of brave women. They include Bobby’s mother, who traveled alone fromBelarustoAmericato survive, and Bess’s mother, who always fought against convention.1.What type of book is the first novel?A.Sci-fi.B.Biography.C.Detective books.D.History books.2.Which book explores life and death?A.To Kill a MockingbirdB.When Breath Becomes AirC.Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These StreetsD.Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) story3.Who is the main character in the last novel?A.Bobby Bell.B.Bess Kalb.C.Bess’s mother.D.Bobby’s mother.BBrian Hamilton's life changed in a prison when he went there with his friend, Reverend Robert J. Harris, who often went to local prisons to do ministry work. During the visit,Hamiltonstarted talking to one of the prisoners and asked what he was going to do when he got out. “He said he was going to get a job,”Hamiltonrecalls. “I thought to myself, wow, that’s going to be difficult with a criminal background.”The conversation madeHamiltonconsider how to help those who came out from prison. Finally in 2008, 16 years after that initial conversation,Hamiltoncreated Inmates to Entrepreneurs, a nonprofit organization that helps people with criminal backgrounds start their own small businesses.At the time,Hamiltonwas building his own company, a software technology company for the banking industry. As his company grew, so didHamilton’s time devoted to giving lessons to prisoners. He averaged three to four courses a month at prisons throughoutNorth Carolina.Eventually,Hamiltondecided to shift his focus to his true passion. In May 2019, he sold his company and focused on helping those who were imprisoned. His online courses will be set next year. “By March 1, 2022, anyone will be able to access the courses, either to become a certificated instructor or to access it for themselves as a prisoner or part of the general population,”Hamiltonexplained. In addition, he visits middle schools and presents the course to at-risk students as a preventative measure against crime.The free course is funded by the recently established Brian Hamilton Foundation, which offers assistance to military members as they return to civilian life and provides loans o small businesses. “Starting up a business isn't for everyone, but if we make opportunities available, and let people know that other people care about them, it makes a difference.”Hamiltonsaid.4. Why did Brian Hamilton went to a prison?A. He accompanied his friend.B. He took lessons in the prison.C. He wanted to get a job in the prison.D. He had a friend who was in prison.5. What can be inferred about Inmates to Entrepreneurs?A. It often assists military members.B It provides loans to small businesses.C. Its course has been largely broadened.D. It is an organization intended for business men.6. According to the author, which of the following best describesHamilton?A. He is a man who always changes his mind.B. He has a sense of social responsibility.C. He is good at running a big company.D. He makes money by giving lessons.7. What is the main idea of the text?A. A man made a fruitless visit to the prison.B. A man sold his business to teach prisoners.C. A man realized his dream of being a teacher.D. A man successfully created two organizations.CI started out in life with few advantages. I didn't graduate from high school. I worked at menial (不体面的) jobs. I had limited education, limited skills and a limited future.And then I began asking, "Why are some people more successful than others?" This question changed my life.Over the years, I have read thousands of books and articles on the subjects of success and achievement(成就). It seems that the reasons have been discussed and written about for more than two thousand years, in every possible way. One quality that most philosophers, teachers and experts agree on is the importance of self-discipline (自律). As Al Tomsik summarized it years ago, "Success is tons of discipline."Some years ago, I attended a conference in Washington. It was the lunch break and I was eating at a nearby food fair. The area was crowded and I sat down at the last open table by myself, even though it was a table for four.A few minutes later, an older gentleman and a younger woman who was his assistant came along carrying trays of food, obviously looking for a place to sit. With plenty of room at my table, I immediately invited the older gentleman to join me. He was hesitant (犹豫), but I insisted. Finally, thanking me as he sat down, we began to chat over lunch.It turned out that his name was Kop Kopmeyer. As it happened, I immediately knew who he was. He was a legend in the field of success and achievement. Kop Kopmeyer had written four large books, each of which contained 250 success principles that he had obtained from more than fifty years of research and study. I had read all four books from cover to cover, more than once.After we had chatted for a while, I asked him the question that many people in this situation would ask, "Of all the one thousand success principles that you have discovered, which do you think is the most important?”He smiled at me, as if he had been asked this question many times, and replied, without hesitating, "The most important success principle of all was stated by Thomas Huxley many years ago. He said, 'Do what you should do, when you should do it, whether you feel like it or not.'"He went on to say, "There are 999 other success principles that I have found in my reading and experience, but without self-discipline, none of them work."8. Why did the writer ask the question in Paragraph 2 ?A. Because he wasn't satisfied with himself.B. Because he was a person of self-discipline.C. Because he dislike those successful people.D. Because he wanted to share his idea on success.9. What made the writer invite the older gentleman to join him ?A. His great kindness.B. The gentleman's fame.C. His eagerness for success.D. The gentleman's habit.10. What are the four large books about ?A. Personal changesB. The secret of successC. Sayings of wisdomD. The gentleman's manners.11. What's the best title for the text ?A. The Magic of ReadingB. An Unexpected ConversationC. A Question that Changed MyLifeD. The Power of Self-disciplineDRecently, I experienced a wonderful lesson in how little things still meana lot. My brother, mother and I live in Hawaii. Our farm is at least a dozen miles from even the most basic of services. Therefore, I take weekly trips to the shop to gel supplies. About a month ago, I finished loading up the car and was about to leave when a piece of paper on the ground caught my eye. I picked it up and read it carefully.Immediately, I was grateful that I had done that___4___It was a receipt (收据) from the State Motor Vehicle Division, recording the owner's payment of her Vehicle's Registration fees. I put myself in his or her shoes and thought: no one would throw this away. I looked over the receipt for any personal data, perhaps a license plate (车牌) or telephone number, but failed. How could I find the owner in the busy, crowded parking lot? Had it been lying there for a few minutes or a week? So I checked the date, the fees paid and the name of the owner, who must live in our town. I decided that the best and easiest stepto take was to put the receipt in an envelope and send it to the owner first the next morning.By the end of the week, I received a beautiful “thank you” letter from a woman including a handwritten message and a card. In the letter, the woman explained how the wind took her receipt from a pocket in her car's passenger door. She had searched everywhere for quite some time before giving up.It felt great to know I had helped someone avoid a loss by doing something that seemed little and unimportant.12. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 mean?A. He was lucky to learn the lesson.B. It was a good idea to do shopping that day.C. He was right to pick up the paper.D. It turned out the paper belonged to the writer.13. What information did the writer get from the paper?A The woman's license plate number.B. The woman's phone number.C. The woman's name.D. The woman's address.14. How did the woman lose the receipt?A. She forgot where she had put it.B. A strong wind blew it away.C. It fell onto the floor.D. She left it in the parking lot.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. A Lesson I Will Never ForgetB. Never Lose Heart or Give upC. Little Things Still Mean a LotD. Think Carefully Before You Act第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021届长沙市雅礼中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn September, something terrible happened on the west coast ofTasmania,Australia. As many as 380 pilot whales became stranded(搁浅) in shallow water there and later died. This might have beenAustralia’s largest stranding event on record, the BBC reported.But this large amount of whale stranding is not uncommon. For centuries, it has happened all over the world and has puzzled scientists. Scientists say the cause is often unknown. But they have offered many different explanations.Some say the whales chase small fish for food and end up in shallow water because they are not paying attention to where they are going.Others think the stranding has something to do with Earth’s geomagnetic field (地磁场). They say that a geomagnetic compass in whales’ brains controls their position. Unusual changes in Earth’s magnetic field can affect the whales’ compasses and send them in the wrong direction.Another explanation suggests that stranding is caused by the close relationships that whales have. Pilot whales travel in large groups. One lead whale might mistakenly lead the whole group to shallow water. “And if one gets into trouble, the others will not leave,” said Sheryl Gibney, a leading biologist fromNew Zealand. “Some will come in and try to help, they get trapped on the beach, then more will come.”The whales are trapped by mistake or out of sympathy(同情). Once they get stranded, they will likely die. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of theUS, less than 10 percent of all stranded whales survive.1. What do we know about the stranding inAustralia?A. It happened on theeast coast ofAustralia.B. It caused the death of over 300 pilot whales.C. It is commonly seen in September each year.D. It was the largest stranding event in the world.2. According to Gibney, the pilot whales are the animals that________.A. are kind to each otherB. are easy to lose directionC. are too huge to float in the seaD.are silly to follow the leading whale3. What is the story mainly about?A. How human activity has affected whales.B. What might cause whale strandings.C. How whales find their direction while traveling.D. What scientists are doing to save stranded whales.BResearchers at CU Boulder have developed a wearable device that changes the human body into a biological battery. The device is stretchy(弹性的) enough that you can wear it like a ring, sport band or any other thing that touches your skin. It also taps into a person's natural heat-employing thermoelectric generators to change the body's internal temperature into electricity. "In the future, we want to be able to power your wearable electronics without having to include a battery," said Jianliang Xiao, an associate professor at CU Boulder.The concept may sound like something out of The Matrix film series, in which a race of robots have enslaved humansto harvest their precious organic energy. Xiao and his colleagues aren't that ambitious: Their devices can generate about 1 volt (伏特) of energy for every square centimeter of skin space-less volt per area than what most existing batteries provide but stillenough to power electronics like watches or fitness trackers.Scientists have previously experimented with similar wearable devices, but Xiao's is stretchy, can heal itself when damaged and is fully recyclable-making it a cleaner alternative to traditional electronics. "Whenever you use a battery, you're depleting(消耗) that battery and will, eventually, need to replace it," Xiao said. "The nice thing about our device is that you can wear it, and it provides you with constant power."Just pretend that you're out for a jog. As you exercise, your body heats up, and thatheat will radiate out to the cool air around you. Xiao's device captures that flow of energy rather than let it go to waste. "The thermoelectric generators are in close contact with the human body, and they can use the heat that would normally be sent into the environment," Xiao said.4. What does Xiao expect of his device at present?A. It will be used for medical purposes.B. It will be made smaller and wearable.C. It will change natural power into electricity.D. It will supply constant power to wearable devices.5. Why does the author mentionThe Matrixseries in the text?A. To give an explanation.B. To make a comparison.C. To introduce a topic.D. To analyze the cause.6. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?A. The strengths of Xiao's device.B. The convenience of using a battery.C. The replacement of wearable devices.D. The development of traditional electronics.7. What do we know about Xiao's device from the text?A. It operates with plenty of power.B. It is designed for practical use.C. It benefits people's health in a way.D. It's based on traditional electronics.CDragon boating is a team sport that has its root in ancient China. The boats are decorated with a dragon head and tail. In recent years cancer survivor groups have got involved in the sport to help make friends and help rebuild their lives.On a recent Saturday morning, a group of 20 women were on a boat in the Anacostia River in Washington DC. They moved their paddles(船桨)in rhythm to the call of a coach. The women belong to the dragon boat team GoPink! DC, which trains weekly. It also races against other breast cancer survivor teams in dragon boat festivals. As a result, GoPink! DC won medals in this Washington dragon boat festival.Lydia Collins joined five years ago after finding out she had breast cancer. “I was diagnosed with breast cancer.I was demoralized because of my illness - I lost all interest in life and wouldn't even get out of bed to eat. But now I love the team spirit. I just love everything about it. It is like a floating support group on the water.”The paddles are breast cancer survivors and their supporters. Annette Rothemel helped establish(建立)the group in 2006. She is a researcher with the National Institutes of Health as well as a breast cancer survivor. “It is sort of an easy entry sport because on the same boat people at different levels can be doing the same sport.” But Ms Rothemel saysdragon boating can be physically demanding, especially for someone who is sick and getting treatment for cancer.“It’s hard but I think you have to challenge yourself in life. This is something I look forward to. I get to be out here with my sisters and supporters that understand what I’m going through and help motivate me. So it makes me stronger and it makes me feel better,” another cancer survivor Rhonda Hartzel said.Annette Rothemel says the cancer survivors feel a sense of sisterhood and share good times when they paddle together. She says both feelings are treasured by the team.8. What do the underline wordsdemoralizedIn para.3 probably mean?A. depressedB. anxiousC. astonishedD. awkward9. What can we know about Lydia Collims from the text?A. she helps establish Go Pink !DCB. she tries to find a cure for the cancerC. she benefits from the dragon boat raceD. she gives up hope because of her illness10. How can the dragon boat race help the cancer survivorsA. forget their tough experiencesB. recover physically and mentallyC. get rid of the pains of their cancerD. enjoy their rest life without sufferings11. What does the text tell us about Annette Rothemel?A. she is an expert in studying the cause of the cancerB. she helps the cancer survivors in financial difficultiesC. she believes there is a healthful result from the dragon boat raceD. she thinks it unwise for the patient to join in the dragon boat raceDCoke was introduced by the Coca Cola company in 1886, making it a rather true andtested favorite of generations of people in over 200 countries. This list should give you some ideas on how to get more from your coke than usual.. Coca Cola is an excellent rust buster (除锈剂). If you have a bunch of small rusty objects, put them in coke overnight and give them a goodscrubin the morning. Coke helps to break down the rust, making cleaning much easier. Be sure to throw out the used coke when you are done with it or you might be taking a trip to the doctor.. Like the previous item, the citric acid (柠檬酸) in coke makes for an excellent window cleaner. This isespecially useful for car windows. Pour a can of coke over the window and rub the window, then wipe it off with a wet cloth to remove any sugary matter from the sugar in the drink. As coke is fullof sugar, you should clean the sticky matter off the window glasses, or it will be not a cleaner but a dirt.. For those of you who live in areas where skunk (臭鼬) smells can be an issue from time to time, one can of coke added to water with detergent (清洁剂) really helps to break the smell down. If you have been sprayed, stand in the shower and cover yourself from head to toe with coke — wait for a few minutes, then wash yourself with a shower. Coke is an excellent hair treatment so you get two tips for the price of one with this item!. Pots can sometimes get black on the bottom. The black is almost impossible to remove; this is caused by over-cooking. To remove the black and renew your pot, pour in a can of coke (or as much as you need to cover the blackened area by an inch) and put it on the stove on a low heat. After an hour or so, wash the pot as normal.12. What does the underlined word “scrub”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Start.B. Cleaning.C. Shake.D. Example.13. What is important while using coke to clean car windows?A. Use a dry cloth.B. Rub the window lightly.C. Don’t pour too much coke.D. Clean the sugary matter thoroughly.14. For which purpose does coke have to be mixed with other material?A. To get rid of the black on the pot.B. To breakdown the rust,C. To remove smells.D. To clean windows.15. What type of writing is this text?A. An advertisement.B. A review.C. A news report.D. A practical guide.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021届长沙市雅礼中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe history ofpop art begins with abstract art. Pop art emerged from the foundation of abstract art in the 1950s, first gaining recognition in Great Britain, then establishing itself in the United States in the 1960s.In the 1930s and 1940s, abstract art was greatly popular, but people began to hate this art form. Most abstract art produced in this era could be found in art galleries or the homes of the elite(名流), not in the homes of everyday people. Pop art sprung onto the scene as the people's art.Some art critics say pop art is a rebellion against abstract art; others say it is an extension of abstract art. You can see elements of abstract art in many pop art prints, especially those that consist of a collage（拼贴画）of images. However, some pop art pieces have nothing to do with abstract art, looking more like a photo of a popular consumer item, which impressed people deeply.Richard Hamilton and Eduardo Paolozzi were two of the first contemporary pop art pioneers recognised in Great Britain. They were a part of the Independent Group, an organised group of British artists who wanted to challenge ruling modernist approaches to culture. They recognised the value of modern advertising and comic book images. They used these popular images in art as a social commentary, often building irony and humour into their artworks, thus creating a new form of art. These pieces were mass-produced and sold at affordable prices.When pop art took off in the United States, it expanded to include a celebration of kitsch and the common images found in movies and television. Andy Wharhol is perhaps the most famous American pop art artist, known for his prints of the actress Marilyn Monroe, the singer Elvis Presley and of Campbell's soup cans. Andy Wharhol was inspired by images from advertisements and common consumer items. He also made a series of paintings which showed images of car accidents.1. Why did people dislike abstract art?A. People found it hard to understand.B. Ordinary people couldn't afford it.C. People disliked enjoying it in galleries.D. It wasn't based on everyday life.2. What impression do pop art works leave on people?A. They are a rebellion against abstract art.B. They have many elements of abstract art.C. They are created so real.D. They are products of advertisers.3. The Independent Group was set up to ________.A. introduce a new art form to the worldB. develop modern advertising furtherC. create new comic book imagesD. make British culture better knownBIf you think you’d like to live on Mars, you may have that possibility by 2023. A Dutch company called Mars One will soon advertise for people interested in colonizing (开拓) Mars. Ifyou have all the necessary skills, you could be one of the first colonists. Are you ready for the challenge?You won’t have to pay for the mission to Mars. Mars One has already received money from some donors and is hoping to get more from TV viewers who will become interested in the show where all applicants have a debate for the rare chances.The main responsibility of the first colonists is to create an artificial environment on Mars where there is no air to breathe and no land to farm. Scientists know it’s quite possible because something similar has already been done inAntarctica.Another problem is that space travel to Mars takes nearly a year to get to Mars and the colonists will live the rest of their lives there. When a human lives in an environment without gravity or with low gravity for a long time, the systems in the body weaken. Luckily, spinning (旋转) the spaceship can create artificial gravity, and artificial gravity can ease these problems. It will also be difficult for Mars colonists to be far from home, living in small spaces, and seeing the same people over and over. Colonists with depression could put the mission in danger. Fortunately, a few years ago, a joint Russian and European project called the Mars500 Mission studied people’s reactions in a Mars-like environment. It is viewed as a great success because scientists were able to see how people handle emotional and physical stresses.Recent studies show that seven percent of people would want to go on such an adventure.Mars One will soon start accepting its first colonists. Are you interested?4. What do we know about the applicants to Mars from the first two paragraphs?A. They will land on Mars in 2023.B. They can get money from donors.C. They will compete in a TV show.D. They do not need special skills.5. What will the first colonists do to solve the basic living problems on Mars?A. Create earth-like conditions.B. Build labs inAntarctica.C. Spin the spaceship.D. Start the Mars500Mission.6. What can the life of the first colonists be like according to the passage?A. Difficult and dangerous.B. Different but adaptable.C. Challenging and unbearable .D. Acceptable but depressing.7. What’s the best title for the text?A. Mars: our final destination?B. Ready to be Mars’ colonists?C. Space travel: a thrilling adventure?D. Are you a qualified Mars astronaut?CJose Hernandez made his dream of becoming an astronaut a reality and he did so despite unbelievable difficulties“I was workingin a field near Stockton, and I heard on my radio that Franklin Chang-Diaz had been selected for the Astronaut Corps," said Jose, who was a senior in high school at the timed was already interested in science and engineering, Jose remembered, "but that was the moment I said, "I want to fly in space.' "As one of four children in a migrant（移民）farming family from Mexico, Jose - who didn't learn English until he was 12 years old - spent much of his childhood traveling with his family from Mexico to southern California each March, then working northward to the Stockton area by November, picking strawberries and cucumbers at farms along the route. They would then return to Mexico for Christmas and start the cycle all over again in the spring. "Some kids might think it would be fun to travel like that,“ Jose laughed, "but we had to work”.After graduating from high school, Jose was admitted into the University of the Pacific, In 1987, he accepted a full-time job with Lawrence National Laboratory. In 2001, Jose joinedtheJohnson Space Center, where he came face-to-face with Franklin Chang-Diaz.“We actually had common experiences —asimilar upbringing, the same language issues. That built up my confidence. Any barriers that existed, he had already overcome them.” Jose smiled. "Now it's my tum!,,“NASA rejected me not once, not twice, not three times but 11 times. It wasn't until the 12th time that I gotselected, he said. Jose was selected as part of the 19th class of astronauts in 2004. He circled the globe 217 times but remains a down to Earth guy.Jose Hernandez received the 2016 National Hispanic Hero Award and he continues his long history in the field of engineering and space.8. What made Jose determined to be an astronaut?A. The influence of Astronaut Corps.B. The success of Franklin Chang-Diaz.C. His interest in science and engineering.D. The experience of working in the field.9. What can we learn about Jose as a child?A. He did much farm work.B. He travelled a lot for fun.C. He hated learning English.D. He obeyed his family in everything.10. How did Jose feel when he met FranklinChang-Diaz personally?A. Inspired.B. Valued.C. Relaxed.D. Puzzled.11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Climb over BarriersB. Reach for the StarsC. Work the Hard WayD. Learn from Your PastDWater keeps us alive. When it runs out, we have a problem.About one out of four people on the planet are facing a shortage of water. Seventeen countries around the world are dealing with high-water stress. This means they are using almost all the water they have access to. Many are dry countries. Some waste much of their water. Some may currently use too much of their groundwater that they should be saving. Several big cities face acute shortages. These include Sao Paulo, Brazil; Chennai, India; and Cape Town, South Africa. A year ago, Cape Town faced nay Zero-the day when all its dams would he dry.Climate change adds to the risk of water shortages. Rainfall is less steady. The water supply becomes less reliable. The days grow hotter. More water evaporates(蒸发)from lakes and rivers even as demand for water increases. By 2030, the number of cities in the high-stress category may have risen to 45 and include almost 470 million people.All over the world, farmers compete with city residents for water. Rich urban places, such as Los Angeles, use too much water for pools and golf courses. But the worst problem is the growth of cities. Bangalore, India, forexample, had a few years with little rain. It built over its many lakes or filled them with city waste. The lakes are no longer the rain water storage tanks they once were. Bangalore now imports water. A lot of the imported water, however, gets lost on the way to Bangalore.To address this issue, what can be done? First, cities can plug leaks in their water distribution system. Wastewater can be recycled. Rain can be harvested and saved for hard times. Lakes and wetlands can be cleaned up and old wells can be restored. And farmers can switch from water-intensive crops like rice to less-thirsty crops like millet(小米).Experts are looking at ways to reduce the number of people on the planet. They are looking at ways to reduce the size of cities. They are looking for ways to encourage people, factories and farmers to use less water.12. What can we know from Paragraph 2?A. A quarter of the world's population is living with water shortages.B. Nearly all countries are facing acute water shortages now.C. Underground water should he used to meet the water demand.D. Measures have been taken to deal with the water shortage in India.13. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?A. Rainfall is not as steady as before.B. Climate change may lead to water shortages.C. The water supply relies more on rainfall.D. Hotter weather changes the water demand.14. What can farmers do to deal with water shortage?A. Plug leaks in the water distribution system.B. Clean up lakes and wetlands and restore wells.C. Reduce the number of people in the cities.D. Grow less-water consumption crops instead.15. What will be discussed if the passage continues?A. How to prevent from climate change.B. How to inspire people to save water.C. How to recycle wastewater in citiesD. How to make people get access to clean water.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

雅礼中学2021届高考模拟卷（一）英语第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小題：每小题2.5分.满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

AHere is a guide to the best countries to see the Northern Lights, as well as top tips such as the best time to go.★ Where to go：GreenlandKangerlussuaq is often regarded as the best spot in Greenland, with over 300 nights of clear skies. Alternatively, you can visit the capital city of Nuuk, where on clear nights, there have been plenty of sightings of the Northern Lights. And in the southern regions, darkness tends to fall earlier in the evening, ideal for those who don’t want to stay up all night.Best time to go：From November through to April.★Where to go：NorwayHead to the northern regions of Norway for the best possible chances of seeing the Northern Lights. Head to Svalbard, one of the world’s northernmost inhabited areas，and you,II feel like youVe stepped into an ice kingdom. Those who love the great outdoors might want to check out the Lyngenfjord region, where you^l find plenty of tours to see the Northern Lights, whale-watching, skiing, ice climbing and so on!Best time to go：From October through to March when the polar nights make them easier to spot.★ Where to go：SwedenHead to Abisko National Park where the clear skies and lack of light pollution make for ideal Northern Lights viewing conditions. One of the best spots is in Swedish Lapland, where you can have dinner under the midnight skies. Hikers might also consider trying the Kungsleden hiking trail, which offers about 440km of breathtaking landscapes.Best time to go：From September through to March.★Where to go：IcelandYou don t need to go to the remote landscapes to spot the Northern Lights. In fact, sightings are possible from Iceland's capital of Reykjavik. Want to escape the crowds? Head to lesser-known spots such as Thingvellir, which is the place where photographers try to capture the perfect Northern Lights photo.Best time to go：From late August to mid-April, although you will increase your chances if you visit from late September through to March.21．What can we learn about Greenland from the text?A．It has one of the worlds northernmost inhabited areas.B．It offers an about 440km of hiking trail with breathtaking landscapes.C．The capital city of Nuuk is the only place to see the Northern Lights in Greenland D．One can go to the southern regions in order to see the Northern Lights earlier.22．We can learn from the text that _______ .A．most cities in Greenland have over 300 nights of clear skies a yearB．one can see the Northern Lights as well as whale-watching in the Lyngenfjord regionC．one can have dinner under the midnight skies in ThingvellirD．late September through to March is the best time to see the Northern Lights in Norway23．The text has been written for those who .A.intend to study the Northern LightsB. want to see the Northern LightsC. are interested in European countriesD. are fond of extreme sportsBAlbert Einsrein is known as the father of modern physics, but he may not be the man your kids should aspire(有志) to be. Instead, the person we should be looking up to is the productive Thomas Alva Edison.Researchers at Penn State and William Paterson universities came to that conclusion after conducting a series of studies with college students and finding that students were more motivated by the hard-working Edison type than Einstein’s “genius(天才) is my birthright” model.“There's a misleading message o ut there that says you have to be a genius in order to be a scientist，” says study co-author Danfei Hu at Penn State, who thinks this may be a big cause of people not choosing science and missing, out on a great career. "Struggling is a normal part of doing science and exceptional talent is not the only precondition for succeeding in science! It's important we help spread this message in science education.” she continues.In one study conducted by Hu and Janet N. Ahn of William Paterson University, participants read the same story--about the typical difficulty faced by a scientist -- with half told the hero of the story was Einstein and the other half told it was Edison. It may have been the same story, but knowing it involved Einstein prompted students to assume he overpowered his struggles using his giant brain. When told Edison was the hero, students more withthe idea that he outworked his problems. Indeed, the latter students were more motivated to complete a series of math problems.Einstein’s success is commonly linked to extraordinary talent while Edison’s is usually linked to his persistence and diligence. That’s not to say Einstein put little effort into revolutionizing science. He worked as hard as anyone. But the popular understanding remains that his brain --something that can’t be “emulated”--was like no other. So why bother trying to follow in his footsteps? Edison, however, a man with a huge number of successes as well as plenty of failures, but finally someone who made the world a better place, is the kind of man we can all aspire to be.24．What did the researchers discover in their studies?A. Hard workers are better role models than geniuses.B. Young people have unreasonable admiration for geniuses.C. Edison's contribution to science is greater than Einstein’s.D. Young people are not familiar with Einstein’s and Edison’s work.25. What does Hu suggest in science education? vA. Setting examples.B. Encouraging failures.C. Advocating hardwork.D. Discovering talent.26. Which might be the author’s view on Einstein?A. Not productive but influential as a physicist.B. A genius who succeeded in science easily.C. A great physicist with many hidden virtues.D. well-known genius and an unacknowledged hard worker.27. The underlined word “emulated” can be replaced by “ ___ ”.A. examinedB. copiedC. wastedD. damagedCThere are a lot of feral (野生的）camels in Australia. Although they don't appear to be as destructive as other introduced species because they eat trees and plants that our native Australian animals don't eat, in the last few years the Australian Camel population has been increasing at a fairly alarming rate and becoming a bit of a problem.We didn't see them that often where we grew up unless we went further into Queensland or South Australia.When we did see them it was always a bit of a thrill for us kids because it was somewhat of a novelty.The suggestion of bringing camels to Australia was first made in 1837, 49 years after Europeans arrived in Australia. The importing of camels into Australia began in the mid 1800s to open up the desert areas of Cental and Western Australia. They were handled and cared for by Muslim cameleers that came from countries like Egypt, Turkey and northern India. The cameleers were called Afghans or "Ghans" even though most of them were not Afghans. The name stuck to a part of the railroad track that links Port Augusta in South Australia to Darwin in the Northern Territory.In a famous 176-kilometre race, between Bourke and Wanaaring in New South Wales a camel was beaten by a horse but the horse diet the next day while the camel was ridden back to the starting point.By the 1920s there were about 20, 000 domesticated(家养的)camels in Australia, but with the arrival of motor and rail transport in the 1930s people no longer needed their camels and a lot of them were abandoned in the bush. Australian Camels are now exported live to Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and other countries where disease-free camels are considered a delicacy (佳肴).Australian Camels are also exported to Arab Camel racing stables as breeding stock. The United States also imports them to use in tourist attractions. There are over 40 farms providing rides in Australia now.28.What problem with camels in Australia is mentioned?A. They carry disease.B. They hurt people sometimes.C. The number of them is growing rapidly.D. Some native animals are threatened by them.29. For what purpose were camels brought to Australia?A. To keep the balance of nature.B. To develop the desert areas.C. To satisfy kids' curiosity.D. To create new jobs.30. What led to camels' being deserted in Australia?A. The disappearance of bushes.B. The spread of a serious disease.C. The introduction of other animals.D. The availability of modern vehicles.31. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. The history of Australian Camels.B. What Australian Camels are used for.C. The advantages of Australian Camels.D. Why Australian Camels are popular abroad.DAn unconventional method for growing rice has been found to increase yields(产量)by 20 to 50 percent.Reports from China, India, Southeast Asia and Africa suggest that average yield increases of 20 to 50 percent are regularly being achieved by farmers adopting the "system of rice intensification (集约化）” (SRI), which needs one-tenth as many and seeds and aims to stimulate the root system of plants rather than trying to increase, yields in the conventional way by using improved seeds and fertilizers.The idea of using less to gain more is seen as an important innovation (革新）foradapting farming to climate change and a way to increase yields at a time when human populations are growing fast but traditional plant breeding and genetically modified techniques have failed to increase yields more than a few percentage points, says Norman Uphoff, professor of international agriculture at Cornell.The new way to grow rice needs only half as much water, and is proving most popular in water-stressed countries, says Tavseef Mairaj Shah, a Ph.D. researcher. “Rice growing in Kashmir largely depends o n irrigation systems that draw water from the river Jhelum. But climate change is leading to drier winters，untimely rains, and warmer summers.”“SRI is a great technique, not just from the water-saving perspective but because it offers better yields and soil conditions. Different studies, both at the experimental level and farmer-participative level, have shown that SRI improves yields with less water.” Shah adds.Some academics, the global seed industry and the' international community once rejectedreports of “fantastic”yields,accusing farmers of falsifying(篡改）records and researchers of carelessness and “non-science” . But more than 600 articles, checked by SRI international at Cornell University, have shown benefits.Uphoff says, ”Attitudes are changing. The original hostility(敌意)has gone.” However, the ear ly opposition has resulted in comparatively little scientific research being conducted into SRI and a slow understanding by funders.32. How does SRI increase the yields of rice?A.By sowing more seeds.B. By using improved seeds.C. By improving its root system.D. By adopting special fertilizers.33. Compared with the conventional method for growing rice, SRI .A. 2needs less waterB. increases labor costsC. requires better soil conditionsD. depends on genetically modified techniques34. What was the global seed industry's initial attitude toward reports on SRI?A. Curious.B. Skeptical.C. Approving.D. Uninterested.35. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A. How to Increase YieldsB. People's Attitudes Towards SRIC. An Innovative Means of Growing RiceD. The Disadvantages of Conventional Plant Breeding第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的锻佳选项。

2021届长沙市雅礼实验中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated in the beautiful Sichuan Basin, Chongqing is a magical 8D city. The natural history and cultural scenery of the area provide children with learning opportunities because they can enjoy the many wonders of this area.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointTiankeng Diqiao Scenic Area is located in the southern mountainous area of Fengjie County. The Tiankeng pit is 666 meters deep and is currently the deepest tiankeng in the world. The scenic spot is divided into ten areas including Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Tianjingxia Ground, Labyrinth River, and Longqiao River. There are many and weird karst cave shafts, and countless legends haunt them.Youyang Peach GardenYouyang Taohuayuan Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national 5A-level scenic spot, and a national outdoor sports training base. Located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters long, with winding corridors, deep underground rivers, and color1 ful stalactites. The landscape is beautiful.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveJinyun Mountain is located in Beibei District of Chongqing City, about 45 kilometers away from the Central District of Chongqing City. The nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain stand upright and rise from the ground. The ancient trees on the mountain are towering, the green bamboos form the forest, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is beautiful, so it is called "Little Emei". Among them, Yujian Peak is the highest, 1050 meters above sea level; Lion Peak is the most precipitous and spectacular, and the other peaks are also unique.Chongqing People's SquareChongqing's Great Hall of the People, one of the landmarks of Chongqing, gives people the deepest impression than its magnificent appearance resembling the Temple of Heaven. It also uses the traditional method of central axis symmetry, with colonnade-style double wings and a tower ending, plus a large green glazed roof, large red pillars, white railings, double-eave bucket arches, and painted carved beams.1.How deep is the Tiankeng Ground Joint?A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m2.Which of the following rocks can you see in Youyang Peach Garden?A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite3.Which attraction is closest to downtown Chongqing?A.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointB.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveC.Chongqing People's SquareD.Youyang Peach GardenBSport is not only physically challenging, but can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress canbe physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find faults in themselves.Coaches and parents should also pay attention that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find faults with youngsters’ performances. Positive support should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive support motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.4. An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is_____________.A. to make sport less competitiveB. to increase their sense of successC. to reduce their mental stressD. to make sport more challenging5. According to the passage, sport is positive for young people in that_____________.A. it can help them learn more about societyB. it enables them to find faults in themselvesC. it can provide them with valuable experiencesD. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves6. Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes_____________.A. believing that criticism does good to their early developmentB. without realizing criticism may destroy their self­confidenceC. in order to make them remember life’s lessonsD. so as to put more pressure on them7. According to the passage parents and coaches should_____________.A. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sportB. help children to win every gameC. train children to cope with stressD. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sportCAn anti-obesity program for Australian girls didn’t lead to any improvements in their diet, physical activities or body weight a year later, according to a new report.Findings from the school-based intervention (介入), which involved exercise sessions and nutrition workshops for lower-income girls, are the latest disappointment in a lot of research attempting tohead offadult obesity and the disease risks that come with it.Especially during the middle-and high-school years, girls’ physical activity reduces obviously, according to lead researcher David Lubans, from theUniversityofNewcastleinNew South Wales,Australia. He said, “In the future we need to make the programs more interesting and exciting and present information in a way that is meaningful to adolescent girl.”Lubans and his workmates conducted their study in 12 schools in low-income areas ofNew South Wales. At the start of the study, girls in both groups weighed an average of close to 130pounds, with about four in ten considered overweight. Over the next year, adolescents in the intervention group were given pedometers (计步器) to encourage walking and running and invited to nutrition workshops and regular exercise sessions during the schoolday and at lunchtime. Participation in some of those activities were less than ideal. For example, the girlswent to only one-quarter of lunchtime exercise sessions, and less than one in ten completed at-home physical activity or nutrition challenges, the researchers reported. At the end of the year, girls in both groups had gained a similar amount of weight and there was no difference in their average body fat.Preventive medicine researcher Robert Klesges said that although some anti-obesity programs have helped adults lose weight, the teen population has always been a source of failure for researchers. “The common belief is: nothing works,” he said. “And we have got to get beyond that.”“We need to think outside the box,” said Klesges, who wasn’t involved in the new study. “That could include learning from what has worked in adult studies, such as giving meal replacement drinks or prepared foods to teens who have trouble making changes to their diet. Or, it could mean using a “step-care” method — rather than researchers or their doctor telling them to keep doing the same thing.” Klesges said.8. The underlined words “head off” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “________”.A. damageB. defendC. preventD. affect9. The methods used in the program to stop obesity don’t include ________.A. walking and runningB. inviting them to nutrition workshopsC. joining exercise sessions regularlyD. giving meal replacement drinks10. The main reason for the failure of the anti-obesity program is probably that ________.A. the participants didn’t take an active part in itB. the program was not interesting and exciting to participantsC. the participants didn’t get extra nutrition or exercise helpD. the program didn’t pay attention to healthy exercise11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. As researchers, it is important to have creative research methods.B. Researchers need to give meals or prepare foods to participants.C. Teen girls have no difficulty in making changes to their diet.D. Some ant-obesity programs have not helped adults lose weight.DWater keeps us alive. When it runs out, we have a problem.About one out of four people on the planet are facing a shortage of water. Seventeen countries around theworld are dealing with high-water stress. This means they are using almost all the water they have access to. Many are dry countries. Some waste much of their water. Some may currently use too much of their groundwater that they should be saving. Several big cities face acute shortages. These include Sao Paulo, Brazil; Chennai, India; and Cape Town, South Africa. A year ago, Cape Town faced nay Zero-the day when all its dams would he dry.Climate change adds to the risk of water shortages. Rainfall is less steady. The water supply becomes less reliable. The days grow hotter. More water evaporates(蒸发)from lakes and rivers even as demand for water increases. By 2030, the number of cities in the high-stress category may have risen to 45 and include almost 470 million people.All over the world, farmers compete with city residents for water. Rich urban places, such as Los Angeles, use too much water for pools and golf courses. But the worst problem is the growth of cities. Bangalore, India, for example, had a few years with little rain. It built over its many lakes or filled them with city waste. The lakes are no longer the rain water storage tanks they once were. Bangalore now imports water. A lot of the imported water, however, gets lost on the way to Bangalore.To address this issue, what can be done? First, cities can plug leaks in their water distribution system. Wastewater can be recycled. Rain can be harvested and saved for hard times. Lakes and wetlands can be cleaned up and old wells can be restored. And farmers can switch from water-intensive crops like rice to less-thirsty crops like millet(小米).Experts are looking at ways to reduce the number of people on the planet. They are looking at ways to reduce the size of cities. They are looking for ways to encourage people, factories and farmers to use less water.12. What can we know from Paragraph 2?A. A quarter of the world's population is living with water shortages.B. Nearly all countries are facing acute water shortages now.C. Underground water should he used to meet the water demand.D. Measures have been taken to deal with the water shortage in India.13. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?A. Rainfall is not as steady as before.B. Climate change may lead to water shortages.C. The water supply relies more on rainfall.D. Hotter weather changes the water demand.14. What can farmers do to deal with water shortage?A. Plug leaks in the water distribution system.B. Clean up lakes and wetlands and restore wells.C. Reduce the number of people in the cities.D. Grow less-water consumption crops instead.15. What will be discussed if the passage continues?A. How to prevent from climate change.B. How to inspire people to save water.C. How to recycle wastewater in citiesD. How to make people get access to clean water.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。