高级口译听力第三版教程Roy读书笔记 Unit 1

Book OneUnit One10.Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher who is credited with laying the fundamentals (基础) of modern Western philosophy. He is a mysterious figure known chiefly through the accounts of later classical writers, especially the writings of his most famous student Plato, Socrates has become well known for his contribution to the field of ethics. His method of teaching, known as the Socratic Method, by asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to explain ideas remains a commonly used tool in a wide range of discussions. He also made important and lasting contributions to the field of epistemology(认识论) and logic，and the influence of his ideas and approach remains a strong foundation for Western philosophy that followed. Socrates was the most colorful figure in the history of ancient philosophy. His fame was widespread in his own time, and his name soon became a household word although he constructed no philosophical system, established no school, and founded no sect(宗派).译文：苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。

Roy读书笔记之高口笔试温习策略Spot Dictation温习思路：单词写的又快又准又精，熟悉自己的书写适应，快速誊写练习内容：真题，《高级口译备考指南》，任何4-5个单词组成的词组，随时“动手”评分标准：只对名、动、形、副词直接扣分，其余错误作标记，酌情统一扣1-3分保底分数：70%，21分潜力指数：★★★★重要性指数：★★★Multiple Choice温习思路：踊跃预判，轻松笔记，果断选择练习内容：真题，CET，TOEFL评分标准：略保底分数：70%，14分新闻听力：新闻导语类＋细节类潜力指数：★★★重要性指数：★★Note Taking and Gap Filling温习思路：awareness+ability+legibility+sustainability6分钟以上的持续有效笔记，层次图练习内容：真题，IELTS (lecture)，真题MC Q16-20评分标准：略保底分数：40%，8分潜力指数：★★★★重要性指数：★★★★Sentence/Passage Translation温习思路：练习量＋复述＋句式归纳＋熟练笔记练习内容：真题，Roy讲义，《中级口译备考指南》，《高级口译备考指南》评分标准：大体句子框架50%，细节补充50%保底分数：60%，18分潜力指数：★★★★重要性指数：★★★★★一句话归纳口译听力训练整体思路：“听得懂、记得下、记得住、说得快”-听得懂温习思路：背景知识熟悉，新闻套路熟练，听力有效辞汇量，适应各类发音现象练习内容：CNN，BBC，NPR及类似难度的精听训练，听抄(dictation)，CET6辞汇--听力有效辞汇精听的步骤：-记得下温习思路：个人笔记适应训练，属于自己的笔记符号，熟悉常考套路练习内容：Roy讲义-记得住温习思路：以复述强化短时间经历，源语言复述，目口号言复述练习内容：任何语言输入，包括中文，以30-60秒为单位口译证书考试——笔试、阅读温习纲要题型考察：1. 全文总结能力main idea, best title, the author’s tone2. 部份总结能力举例、数据、引用、对照、比喻等写作手法的释义3. 信息定位能力对相应句子的paraphrase4. 综合推断能力“Which of the following is NOT true?”“Which of the following is true but not directly mentioned?”…做好高口阅读的几个关键点：1.相关利益人(stake-holders)概念的培育大体立场判定，以“政府打算对大学生助学贷款实行社会化、私有化”这一话题为例相关大学生/家庭，父母放贷机构政府主管部门/和谐者/监督者反对派/反对者其他观点持有者横向、纵向比较2.批判性思维(critical thinking)适应的培育对政府的监督约束对以盈利为导向的利益集体的行为与政策，加以监督约束对相对弱势，信息不对称的群体，更多关注，爱惜“I can do nothing else but to voice my care for you.”3.大体写作思路引出观点更具体地介绍报导，政策细节，产品研发进程，特点，理论假说论述，事件始末相关利益人陈述作者述评4.重要句式总结5.常见话题总结6.政府新政策7.写作套路A政府推出B政策，出于…缘故论述说明政策，出台进程相关利益人的反映，“各执一词”作者进行评论，横向纵向分析评论结论，凝视，疑心，弊大于利，短处不容轻忽，8.以往真题涉及内容-对烟草业暂缓加税-扶持某机构进行临床用干细胞研究-出台新的旨在减少青青年吸毒的政策-服刑人员实行早九晚五制度-警方开展改善黑人警察形象的行动-新产品，新科技9.写作套路A研究机构B专家对C话题进行研究并有所发觉“a room of scholars…”, “turf war”实际推行的压力凡涉及克隆、环保等话题的典型观点“What is medically possible may not be ethically wise.”新保守主义观点10.以往真题涉及内容。

高级口译阅读笔记（1）简要：口译分为笔试和口试。

笔试分为听力，阅读，翻译三部分，每部分100分，总分300分。

180分为通过，方可参加口试。

笔试分为上下两场，中间有10-15分钟休息时间，上下两场考试内容都为听力，阅读，翻译三部分，但是题型略有不同。

翻译上半场section2，4篇文章时长30分钟，为说理性文章，约800字，每篇5小题，每题2.5分。

总体来说，做完更重要一些，正常分数40-45分为正常。

翻译下半场section5,30分钟，3篇略长的简单文章，题数分布为3，3, 4，每题5分，多为summary 类，正常分数30分左右。

要求：外刊阅读Newsweek ，Times ，The Economist ，每天3-4段篇章特点：所有的文章都是围绕comflicts 进行的。

`英文文章分为fiction 和non-fiction 两种，其中non-fiction 包含facts 和opinion 两部分，进行辩论说理时主要针对opinion 部分-you can never deny a fact.段落的基本结构：英文文章是以段落为基础的。

篇章特点 题材scientfic 环保类非环保类privacycopy right protction 体裁（更重要） argument多为演绎法，先读论述部分，再度说理部分从科技话题引入，用于证明某种观点，引发社会的思考1. 阅读段落时应注意找出主题句，其他句子用于验证2. 说理部分应当区分道理和例子（例子可适当忽略）3. 在道理中应当区分要点和解释（重视要点）题型：1. 选择题 4+1（先读题，尽量不读选项，除非选项错误特征特别明显，标记题干）1） 主旨题thesis ，可用排除法，排除偏选项以偏概全和以全概偏； 2） Details （60%的细节题），主要有以下四类细节题：a. 转折 一般性，but, however, yet, nevertheless捎带暗示，despite, in spite of ,though, rather than, instead(of)纯粹暗示，without(否定转折)居然不是，却没有，until b. 因果（超强辨识） 一般性，because P85特殊词组，in light of语法，用来表强烈因果，如虚拟语气c. 立场P86.16文章是围绕conflicts 进行，一篇文章至少有正反两个观点。

Section A Text A Toward a brighter future for all1. Good afternoon! As president of the university, I am proud to welcome you to this university. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Here at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible.下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。

你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。

在这所大学里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。

Words and phrase1. achievement n something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing:e.g. An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so young.2. triumph n being successful or victorious 成功,胜利shouts of triumphgreat achievement or success 成功one of the triumphs of modern sciencev. ~ (over sb/sth) be successful or victorioustriumph over one's difficulties 战胜困难.3. pledge v ~ sth (to sb/sth) (fml ) promise solemnly to give (support,etc); give (one's word, honour, etc) as a pledge 保证给予（支持等）; 以（誓言﹑名誉等）作担保:pledge loyalty to the king 发誓效忠国王be pledged to keeping a secret 誓守秘密.~ sb/oneself (to sth/to do sth) promise solemnly that sb/one will do sth or support a cause, etc保证某人[自己]做某事或支持某事业等The Government has pledged itself to send aid to the famine victims. 政府已承诺赈济饥民.[Tn] leave (sth) with sb as a pledge典当（某物）:He's pledged his mother's wedding ring.[Tn] (fml ) drink to the health of (sb); toast (sb) 为（某人）的健康祝酒; 向（某人）祝酒:pledge the bride （新娘）and bridegroom（新郎）4. rewarding adj giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit 值得的；有意义的；有回报的Our journey to the orphanage (孤儿院) was a very rewarding experience. Antonym: unrewardingSynonym: satisfying5. as...as possible as + adj / adv +as ; as + adj + n + as 尽力做某事的意思We have to run as fast as possible.Can you say it as loudly as possible?I hope you’ll stay as long as possible.We need as many apples as possible.You must come back as soon as possible.Word formation note:adj suffix -ing1. -ing加在某些transitive verb后，构成adj，主要用于表示事物的性质或特征，或某物或某事给人的感觉、情感、印象等。

笔记是做好口译的关键。

使用笔记，是为了补充大脑短期记忆和耐久力的不足，以保证译文的精确度，并保证其不受讲话人持续时间的影响。

如果完全依赖记忆，又没有异常的天赋，即使精力充沛的年青人，也不能胜任高级口译对精确度和耐久力的要求。

高级口译员没有不靠笔记的。

但是，高级口译使用的笔记与一般的笔记概念，风马牛不相及。

以下，我将为各位介绍一套方法。

这套方法以笔记与大脑短期记忆互动，辅之以同声传译中惯用的断句，以及其他翻译技巧。

方法的核心是笔记。

请注意，每个人的记忆、思维和反应都有各自的特点。

没有必要全部照搬我的方法。

最好用的笔记方式是你自己发展出来的、适合自己的系统。

我的介绍仅仅为你起个指点方向、打开思路的作用。

口译笔记的注意事项：1. 口译笔记必须与理解和记忆结合才有效。

口译笔记有时会帮助理解，但过多的强调笔记，在遇到语言难度较大或专业性较强的文章时就会机械记录却不知所以然。

因此用手时别忘了还要用脑。

把过多的精力放在笔记，记得太多，反而妨碍理解，或漏掉重要内容。

2. 口译笔记记的是意思而非个别词，笔记记录的应该是提示自己回忆的符号或文字，而非原文听写。

3. 口译笔记要重视逻辑关系和上下文联系，这对原文的理解和口译表述有很大的帮助。

4. 关联词没有记下，或没有放在显著位置，导致译文支离破碎，没有逻辑二、口译笔记符号系统的设计原则：1. 简而精。

主要目的是省时省力，例如要用一个符号代表相近意思的多个词，汉字要简化到笔画更少，最好一笔完成。

2. 清楚易懂好区分。

一篇笔记里不要用一个符号代表多种不同意思，书写快速但不能潦草。

三、口译笔记符号系统的设计方法：1. 关系词不用文字而只用符号：因果∵∴(∵表示“因为，由于，原因是”∴表示“所以，如此，结果是”)转折//并列递进+ 列举{包括( )否定×肯定√导致→关于@大于＞(多于，大于，强于等)小于＜(少于，小于，不如等)之前→"达到，至，导致，前进等"之后←(表示"返回，倒退等")相当于＝(等于，相同，与...相同/相当) 有差异不同于≠，数学符号：＋，－，(﹢表示"加，增加，此外，另外，又加之等"﹣表示"减少，减等")⊥（基础）-其他符号：下划线（以……为基础），上划线（在……情况下或形势下），着重号（重视/强调，或者作为副词、形容词的提示符号等意思）↑表示"上升，快速上升，快速发展，快速上涨等"↓表示"下降，减少，急剧下降，急速下跌等"↗表示"缓慢上升，缓慢发展，缓慢上涨等"2. 高频词以大写字母缩写为主，象形符号或汉字为辅：工业 I 或工农业 A 或农经济 E感谢 T祝贺 C会议 M 改革开放 RO（即reform and opening up）中国中国家□世界○（世界/全球/领域/国家）主席 h荣幸 :世界贸易组织WTO， 3S（持续、快速、健康发展的个人缩写形式，即，sustained, sound and rapid）T 表示thousand M 表示 million b 表示 billion1st 表示 first3.单词的一部分：telecom，com + edu (communication and education)等等4.意思上有关联的词组和短语可以将多个符号结合为一体：发展中国家□→DD(Developed countries) 发达国家□↑DG (Developing Countries) 世界瞩目○:重要的经济政策 !5. 多个词代表同一个概念时要统一使用一个符号：高兴、荣幸、骄傲、乐观 :)会谈、会议、大会 M-自创符号：⌒（得到控制，防控等意思），B˚（右上角的˚表示人，B˚即商人、商人士，C˚可指中国人民，依次类推）口译笔记到底应该记什么？首先就是要将听到的话语按照意思记下来。

大学英语精读第三版第一册课后习题全部答案Unit11)e2)g3)j4)a5)b6)i7)c8)d9)h10)f1) handling2) summarized3) process4) absorb5) are bound to6) feel free7) for instance8) strategies9) complained10) has committed to memory11) Nevertheless12) rely on13) Apart from14) command1) over and over again2) at a time3) put it into practice4) watching out for5) by no means6) concentrate on7) In addition t8) in detail1)action2)employ3)announce4)examination5)communication6)express7)compose8)improvement9)concentration10)management11)consider12)motivate13)development14)movement15)discuss16)operate17)division18)production19)educate20)repeat1) additional2) add3) addition4) addition1) effectively2) effect3) effective4) effect1) helpful2) help3) helpless4) help5) helplessly6) helpfully7) helpful1) reliant2) reliable3) reliance reliable4) relies5) reliably6)1) repetition2) repeating3) repeatedly4) repeated5) repetition1) In my opinion2) According to Mary3) In our opinion4) According to today's papers5) In most doctors' opinion According to most doctors1) Shakespeare was not only a dramatist but also an actor.2) Miss Crain not only took me home in her car, but also came the next day to see if I had recovered.3) Hainan Island attracts tourists not only in winter but also in summer.4) There is always a black market not only in Britain, but also in other European countries.5) At the Athens Olympics in 2004, Liu Xiang not only won a gold medal in the 110-meter hurdles, but also broke the Olympic record.1) It is true that your sentences are all grammatically correct, but they don’t make any sense.2) It is true that they lost that battle, but they still went on fighting.3) It is true that Tom’s very clever and hardworking, but I still don’t think he is the right person for the job.4) It is true that learning English is by no means easy, but we can make the task easier by using some learning strategies.1) strategies2) frequently3) over and over again4) commit to memory5) acquaintance6) watch out for7) communicate8) process9) opportunities10) rely on11) put into practice12) absorbed1) if2) about3) it4) know5) up6) as7) addition8) even9) into10) other11) for12) while1) memorize2) a matter of3) taught4) shelf5) realize6) written7) idiomatic8) join in9) difference10) gain a good command翻译1) 史密斯太太对我抱怨说，她经常发现与自己十六岁的女儿简直无法沟通。

英语高级口译听力笔记英语高级口译听力笔记英语高级口译听力笔记note-taking and gap filling:culture/ set/ behavior/ value/ society/ share culture/ primary behavior, practice/ difference/ socially acceptable behavior/different countriesglobal/ travel/ emergence/ multinational organizationcultural differencetherefore/ different/ socially acceptable business behavior business behavior/ vary/ different culturessay no/ different countriessocially unacceptable/ say no/ even/ ultimate answer/ negativejapan/ never/ say no/ each other/ business people from other countriesprolonged discussionuntil/ negativejapanese businessman/ agreenegotiation/ resumeamerican/ value decisivenessdecision/ effectiveamerican/ say no/ quicklyoffensive/ people/ discussion/ vary/ different cultures/ countriesbusiness/ physically closer/ familiarfrequently/ two businessmen/ business negotiationbusiness between japan and latin american countriesclose/ judge/ closer/ agreement/ business negotiationphysically/ stand/ sitamerica/ dislike/ others/ invade/ personal space/ esp. menif/ businessman/ japan/ move towards american businessman/ back awayconsequently/ suspicion of each other/ poor communicationbusiness card/ different significance/ different countries japanese/ exchange/ business card/ important ritualmost important person/ exchange business card firstmanagers/ note/ details/ thorough10-15 minutes/ exchange business card/ qualification/ experienceanswer questions/ compliment each otheramerican business people/ collect business cardview/ information/ importantaccept/ quickly/ 2-3 secondscoat pocket/ glance/ later/ office/ examine/ detailsfinally/ cultures/ ethical behavior/ unethicalamerica/ bribe/ unethical/ illegalcharge/ criminal activity/ jail/ crimeemployee/ caught/ taking bribe/ fine/ a lot of moneyother countries/ different attitudes/ briberyeurope/ business gift/ acceptable/ conduct businessdetails vary/ different countries/ europeexample/ spain/ bribe/ regular business/ illegal/ law/ not concerngermany/ people/ bribe/ business/ deduct/ income taxnecessary expense/ business organizationbribe/ common/ government officialssentence translation1 与其他许多国家一样,英国在犯罪现象方面呈上升趋势,2003年,警方接到报告的暴力事件是20年前的5倍.2 帮助贫困人群,应当从帮助其子女开始入手,因为很多贫困家庭的子女无法享受良好的教育,而如果能帮助他们得到好的教育,他们就可以实现自助.3 今天,我们将一起探讨社会福利在瑞典与瑞士这两个欧洲国家所起到的作用. 这两个经济体都可被成为福利国家,或是由民主掌控的社会主义.4 自二战以来,法国实行被成为指导市场经济的制度,既国家通过某些措施,如选择部分工业对其实行国有化等,对市场经济进行指导与调控.5 吸烟严重有害人体健康.在美国,导致本来可预防的死亡原因中,吸烟是最突出的一条.每年吸烟导致40万美国人死亡,另有1千万人遭到吸烟相关疾病的困扰.passage translation1 澳大利亚是世界六大旅游目的地之一.到2005年,旅游业将成为该过第二大支柱产业. 2000年至2002年,到澳大利亚旅游的外国游客总数上升了50%. 2003年,外国游客总数突破一千九百一十万.64%的游客来自欧洲与北美.其余多位亚洲及世界其他地方的游客.商务旅游占来自海外游客总收入的1/5. 澳大利亚的旅游胜地包括: 剧院,博物馆,艺术馆,历史名胜,购物中心,体育场馆,各类商务场所等.2 何以谓之健康?最简单的定义,莫过于无病痛之患.此乃简单的医学上定义的健康,既经过诊断治疗,没有疾病的困扰.无疑该定义是狭隘的,因其仅考虑了生理上的健康既无疾病.世界卫生组织给出了更为广泛的定义.所谓健康,是指这样一种状态,包括了更全面的生理、心理、情绪、社会、智力、环境、精神等方面的健康良好状态.对上述方面进行综合考虑,一个人才更为完整地拥有健康.因此,良好的健康应包括,与自我,与他人,与环境,均保持和谐融洽的关系,这样才能在生活中最大可能地收获.英语高级口译听力笔记相关内容:。

Unit 1 Fresh StartText A Toward a Bright Future for AllBefore readingBefore reading Text A, you may need to know the following things to help you with a better understanding.American higher educationIn the United States, students can choose to go to college after high school. (They can also choose to go straight to the workforce after high school.) They have the option of attending a two-year community college before applying to a four-year university. Admission to community college is easier, tuition is lower, and class sizes are often smaller than at a university. Community college students can earn an associate degree and transfer up to two years of course credits to a university.College and university students need to pay tuition, but many earn scholarships or receive loans. Although admissions policies vary from one university to another, most determine admission based on several criteria, including a student's high school course of study, high school Grade Point Average (GPA), participation in extracurricular activities, SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test) or ACT (American College Testing) exam scores, a written essay, and possibly a personal interview with a representative from the admissions office.Most students in the United States take the SAT Reasoning Test or the ACT during their final year of high school. Each university sets a minimum SAT or ACT score that a student must achieve in order to gain admission. These are standardized quantitative examinations. The SAT tests critical reading, mathematics, and writing skills. The ACT tests English, mathematics, reading, science reasoning, and includes an optional writing test.Extracurricular activities may include scholastic clubs, athletic teams, student government, and philanthropic clubs. V oluntary participation in these kinds of activities is an indication that a student has learned valuable life lessons, such as teamwork, leadership, or civic responsibility.University students pursuing a bachelor's degree are called "undergraduates"; students pursuing a master's or doctoral degree are called "graduate students". Most universities give undergraduate students a liberal education, which means students are required to take courses across several disciplines before they specialize in a major field of study. Graduate and professional programs, such as medicine or law, are specialized. All degree programs require students to complete a minimum number of credit hours before graduating.Selection for admission to a graduate program is based on several criteria. These include completion of a bachelor's degree, the student's undergraduate coursework and GPA. Students are also expected to write an essay as part of their application or to submit a writing sample. Most master's programs require students to have a minimum score on the Graduate Record Examination(GRE), which tests verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, critical thinking, and analytical writing skills.Students continue to take courses at the graduate level. A final thesis is required for most master's programs. Doctoral students take courses until they have earned enough credit hours to attempt their qualifying examinations. These are usually taken over several days and often include a written and oral component. After doctoral students pass their qualifying exams, they are advanced to candidacy and can begin writing their dissertation. Before the degree is given, the completed dissertation must be orally defended before the candidate's faculty committee.Vera WangVera Wang (王薇薇, 1949- ) is aChinese-American fashion designer. Shewas born and raised in New York City.While trained as a figure skater in highschool, she eventually earned a degree in arthistory from Sarah Lawrence College in1971. But a career in fashion was her dream.She worked as a senior fashion editorfor Vogue magazine for 15 years. In 1985,she left Vogue and joined Ralph Lauren as adesign director for two years. In 1990, she opened her own design salon in New York, and featured her trademark bridal gowns. Wang has made wedding gowns for many celebrities and public figures, such as Jennifer Lopez (珍妮弗•洛佩兹), Sharon Stone (莎朗•斯通) and Chelsea Clinton (切尔西•克林顿).Detailed study of the textPara.1. Good afternoon! As president of the university, I am proud to welcome you to this university. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Here at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible.下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。