高中英语语法宾语从句讲解
- 格式:doc
- 大小:77.50 KB
- 文档页数:23
宾语从句1、定义如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个宾语,那么这个句子就是宾语从句。
2、与简单句的区分例:*I love teaching.---简单句*I love what he is doing.---宾语从句★宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。
例:*We can learn what we did not know.*I don't agree with what you said at the meeting.3、语序宾语从句的语序一般都为陈述句语序。
A.一般情况下,即使是有疑问词,从句仍然是陈述句式。
例:This book will show you what the best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最棒的总经理知道什么。
Can you figure out what the poet really means in this poem.你能理解诗人在这首诗里真正想表达的是什么吗?B.但个别宾语从句本应用陈述语序,可由于习惯而保持原疑问语序不变。
例:I don't know what is the matter with him.I have no idea what was the matter with him.我不知到他到底怎么了。
关于matter的从句都是疑问语序基本上说I don't know what is wrong也是对的,可一般来说都是分成两句讲。
I don't know.Is anything wrong?/what's wrong with you.C.特殊类型的宾语从句:当主句中的谓语动词表示认为、建议、猜测时,如think,say,guess,suppose,suggest,say,believe,feel,consider等,这时宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why,就不能按照正常语序安排,经常会将这类词放在句首。
高中英语语法宾语从句讲解篇一:高中宾语从句精讲及练习(含答案)宾语从句学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:连接词、语序和时态。
1宾语从句的定义宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用,可以作动词的宾语,也可以做介词的宾语作动词的宾语主语谓语动词一个句子作宾语作介词的宾语主语谓语动词代词作动词的宾语介词一个句子作介词的宾语2宾语从句中引导词(连接词)的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有:连词:(常可省略),,代词:,,,副词:,,,等。
①连词:()他告诉我他明年上大学’我不知道是否还会有公交车没有人知道他是否会通过考试引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合可以省略)可跟从句做宾语的动词有:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,等。
:宾语从句的否定转移当主句谓语动词是,,,等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。
’主句的谓语动词是,,,,,,,等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致’,?我认为那个人不是所杀的,是不是?,'?,'?如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词(不包含带有否定前缀的词,如:,,等),其反义疑问句要用肯定形式,?我们发现他从不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?当主句的主语是第二、三人称时,其反义疑问句一般与主句保持一致。
,'?,'?'',?',?练习题(1).’,__________?.’...’(2),__________?.’...’(3),__________?.’...’(4)_____(5)’____在以下情况中不能省略1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由引导的宾语从句时,第一个可省,但后面的不可省。
().2、当主句的谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语时,一般不可省。
,,3、当从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,不可省。
’4、当作形式宾语时例句:.许多带复合宾语的句子,引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部,而用作形式宾语。
高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句与表语从句的区别宾语从句和表语从句是英语语法中两个重要的从句类型。
尽管它们在形式和用法上有些相似,但它们之间存在着明显的区别。
本文将对宾语从句和表语从句进行详细归纳和比较分析。
宾语从句(Object Clauses)宾语从句是一个句子,被用作主句中的宾语。
它通常回答了主句中的动词或介词所问的疑问。
通常有三种类型的宾语从句:陈述句型、疑问句型和祈使句型。
以下是宾语从句的特点和用法:1. 宾语从句常常由连接词引导,如that、whether、if等。
例句:He asked me whether I had finished my homework.2. 宾语从句中的谓语动词常按照陈述句的语序来构造,即主语+谓语(不需要使用助动词do/does/did)。
例句:She told us that she was going to study abroad.3. 宾语从句不加标点符号与主句隔开。
例句:I don't know if I can attend the party.4. 宾语从句可以出现在动词宾语的位置,也可以出现在介词宾语的位置。
例句:I believe that he is telling the truth.They are discussing whether to go on a trip.表语从句(Predicate Nomination Clauses)表语从句用来说明主语的身份、状态、特点等,并与系动词(如be、seem、appear等)连用,充当系动词的宾语。
以下是表语从句的特点和用法:1. 表语从句通常由连接词引导,如that、whether等。
例句:His dream is that he becomes a successful businessman.2. 表语从句中的谓语动词与主从句的主语保持一致。
例句:The problem is that we have run out of time.3. 表语从句不加标点符号与主句隔开。
高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句的特殊情况宾语从句是英语语法中的重要部分,它承担着作为主句谓语动词的宾语的功能。
在高中英语学习中,宾语从句有一些特殊情况需要注意。
本文将对这些特殊情况进行归纳总结,以帮助读者更好地理解和运用宾语从句。
一、宾语从句的引导词在宾语从句中,引导词起着承上启下的作用。
常见的宾语从句引导词包括:that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, which等。
1. 用that作为引导词that在宾语从句中是最常见的引导词,用于引导陈述句、疑问句和感叹句,可以用来引导人、物、事情等各种宾语从句。
例如:He said that he would come to the party.(他说他会来参加派对。
)I'm not sure whether/if she can pass the exam.(我不确定她是否能通过考试。
)2. 用whether或if作为引导词whether和if可用于引导宾语从句,表示“是否”。
两者可以互换使用,没有实质性的区别。
例如:I don't know whether/if he is telling the truth.(我不知道他是否在说真话。
)请注意:当宾语从句中含有或不含有动词时,一般使用whether;而当宾语从句中含有动词时,只能使用if。
3. 用who, whom, whose和which作为引导词who, whom, whose和which常用于引导宾语从句,分别表示人、人(宾格)、所有格和物。
例如:She asked who would be the winner.(她问谁会是胜利者。
)The teacher doesn't know whom we will choose as the monitor.(老师不知道我们将选择谁作为班长。
)二、宾语从句的时态和语序宾语从句的时态和语序要根据主句的要求进行调整。
高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句的用法总结宾语从句是英语语法中的重要部分,常常用于复合句中作为主句的宾语。
在高中英语学习中,掌握宾语从句的用法对于提升语言表达能力至关重要。
本文将对宾语从句的用法进行总结。
一、宾语从句的定义及基本结构宾语从句是一个完整的句子,可以在复合句中作为主句的宾语。
它通常由连接词引导,例如:that, if, whether等。
宾语从句的基本结构如下:主语 + 不及物动词 + 从句(例如:I know [that he is coming.])二、宾语从句的动词要求1. 动词要求+宾语从句一些动词后必须跟宾语从句,例如:think, believe, know, suppose, expect等。
例如:- I believe [that he is right.]- She knows [if they have arrived.]2. 动词要求+不定式/动名词/名词+宾语从句一些动词后可以跟宾语从句,也可以跟不定式/动名词/名词,但含义有所区别,例如:decide, want, promise, hope等。
- He decided [to go] home.- We decided [that we would go] home.三、宾语从句的连接词1. 连接词thatthat是最常用的宾语从句引导词,通常可以省略。
一般在口语中,特别是在陈述句中,that经常省略,而在疑问句和感叹句中则不省略。
例如:- I know [that she is busy.] (that可以省略)- Do you know [if she is busy?] (不能省略)2. 连接词if/whetherif和whether都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,常用于宾语从句中的疑问句。
例如:- She asked [whether he would come] or not.- I wonder [if it will rain] tomorrow.3. 连接词连接宾语从句中的时间、地点等状语一些连接词可以引导宾语从句,表示时间、地点等状语关系,例如:when, where, why等。
高中英语语法:宾语从句、不定式的构成以及同位语从句大剖析今天让我们一起来学习一下关于高中英语的语法吧,我们都知道语法对于一门英语的重要性,今天学习的有:宾语从句、不定式的构成以及同位语从句,一起来看一下吧。
一、宾语从句1.定义:用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
2.构成:关联词+简单句3.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类:(1)从属连词that。
如:He told us that he felt ill.他对我们说他感到不舒服。
I know he has returned.我知道他已经回来了。
注:that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。
在以下情况下,that不能省略。
1.Everybody could see what happened and that T om was frightened.(and连接两个宾语从句,that宾语从句放在and的后面时,that不能省略。
)大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道T om非常害怕。
2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,that不能省略。
)对他我一无所知,只知道他是南方人。
3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.(that 从句位于句首时,that不可省略。
)我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。
4.We decided,in view of his special circumstances,that we would admit him for a probationary period.(主句谓语动词与that 从句之间有插入语,that不可省略。
)鉴于他的特殊情况,我们决定应允他一段试用期。
(1)介词宾语从句宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。
如:He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.他对那天发生的事感到很不快。
高中宾语从句讲解宾语从句是一个句子,在主句中充当宾语的角色。
在高中英语中,宾语从句是一个重要的语法结构。
宾语从句通常包括一个引导词(如that、if、whether等)和一个句子。
宾语从句的引导词:1. that:当宾语从句是陈述句时,通常可以使用that引导。
例如:- She sd that she was tired.2. if或whether:当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,可用if或whether引导。
例如:- He asked if/whether I wanted to go with him.3. 疑问词:宾语从句中有时需要用到疑问词,如:who, what, when, where, why等。
例如:- Do you know what time the trn arrives?宾语从句的语序:宾语从句的语序要注意保持一致,也就是说,如果主句是陈述句,从句通常也是陈述句;如果主句是疑问句,从句通常也是疑问句。
例如:- He asked if she had seen the movie. (主句是疑问句,从句也要用陈述语序)- She sd that she would arrive late. (主句是陈述句,从句也要用陈述语序)需要注意的是,在宾语从句中,主句的动词通常是表示说/告诉/问等的动词,而引导词要根据主句的情况选择适当的引导词。
总结起来,宾语从句就是一个句子,在主句中作为宾语,并由引导词引导。
在使用宾语从句时,要注意主句和从句的语序一致,并选择适当的引导词。
理解和掌握宾语从句的用法,对于高中英语的学习非常重要。
高中语法考点解析宾语从句引导词的选择用法及注意事项宾语从句是英语语法中的一个重要考点,它在句子中充当主句的宾语。
在引导宾语从句时,需要选择适当的引导词,以确保从句的表达准确、连贯。
本文将深入探讨宾语从句引导词的选择用法及相关的注意事项。
一、宾语从句引导词的种类及用法在英语中,引导宾语从句的词有多种不同的类型,我们需要根据具体语境来选择合适的引导词。
常见的引导词包括:that, whether/if, 连接代词(what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why, how)等。
下面将分别介绍这些引导词的用法。
1. 引导词“that”“that”是宾语从句中最常见的引导词,它在句中可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语等的连接词。
例如:- 主语从句:That he is talented is undeniable.(他很有才华是不可否认的。
)- 宾语从句:She said that she would come tomorrow.(她说她明天会来。
)- 表语从句:The fact that he is intelligent is well-known.(他聪明的事实是众所周知的。
)- 定语从句:The book that you are reading is interesting.(你在读的那本书很有趣。
)需要注意的是,当主句的动词是某些表示感觉、思考、知觉的动词时,宾语从句中的谓语动词常常省略。
2. 引导词“whether/if”“whether”和“if”在宾语从句中引导是否的选择疑问句,常用于介词后、动词ask、wonder、doubt等后面。
例如:- He asked whether/if she had finished her homework.(他问她是否完成了作业。
)- I wonder whether/if you can help me.(我想知道你是否能帮助我。
高中英语语法详解:宾语从句分类宾语从句可以分为三类(1)动词的宾语从句1.1 大多数位于动词后面Eg:I hope you can join us in the game.1.2 有些是“动词+副词”后Find out / point out / figure out / turn out/ figure outEg:Can you figure out what the poet really means in this poem?1.3 有些动词短语后面Make sure / make up one’s mind / keep in mindEg:we should keep in mind that sports can be a great boost to our health.(2) it 作形式宾语代替宾语从句第一类动词:find/ feel/ think/ consider/ make / believe/ guess/ suppose /assume等后面有宾语不足语时,需要用it 作形式宾语而将that引导的真正的宾语从句后置。
Eg:I think it necessary that we do some sporting.第二类动词:带宾语从句时需要在从句前面加it。
这类词:hate / like/ dislike/ appreciate/ depend on/ see to /Eg: I hate it when they talk without considering other’s feeling.但是如果宾语从句是WH-类引导的,其后面有to be 短语作宾语补足语,不可以用it 代替。
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable. (right)We all consider it to be unbelievable what you said .(wrong)(3) 形容词后的宾语从句Adj: sure / certain/ glad/ pleased/ happy / afraid / sorry 等等。
高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句与主语从句的使用宾语从句与主语从句是英语语法中常见的句子结构,它们在语言表达中起着重要的作用。
本文将对高中英语中宾语从句与主语从句的使用进行归纳。
在英语语法中,一个句子通常由主语、谓语和宾语构成。
而当宾语本身是一个完整的句子时,这个句子就是一个宾语从句。
相反地,当一个句子作为整体出现在另一个句子的主语位置时,这个句子就是一个主语从句。
下面将分别对宾语从句和主语从句的使用进行详细介绍。
一、宾语从句的使用宾语从句作为一个整体出现在句子中,通常充当动词或者介词的宾语。
在使用宾语从句时,需要注意以下几点:1. 时态一致性:宾语从句的时态通常与主句的时态保持一致。
例如:- She said that she would go shopping.(她说她将要去购物。
)- I don't know where he is.(我不知道他在哪。
)2. 连接词的使用:宾语从句通常由连接词引导,如that, if, whether 等。
不同的连接词有不同的使用场景,需要根据具体情况进行选择。
例如:- He asked if/whether I had finished my homework.(他问我是否完成了作业。
)- She told me that she was going on vacation.(她告诉我她要去度假。
)3. 语序不变:宾语从句的语序通常保持与陈述句一致,即主语在前,谓语动词或情态动词在后。
例如:- They don't know what they should do.(他们不知道他们应该做什么。
)- Can you tell me where the nearest library is?(你能告诉我最近的图书馆在哪里吗?)二、主语从句的使用主语从句作为句子的主语出现,通常位于句首,其余部分构成谓语动词。
在使用主语从句时,需要注意以下几点:1. 时态一致性:主语从句的时态通常与谓语动词保持一致。
宾语从句学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:连接词、语序和时态。
(一). 宾语从句的定义宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用,可以作动词的宾语,也可以做介词和形容词的宾语例:作动词的宾语:I heard that he would come here later on.我听说他随后会过来。
作介词的宾语:He said nothing about who broke the window last night.关于谁昨天打破了窗户,他什么都不说。
作形容词的宾语:I'm glad that you will come.很高兴你要来。
(二.)宾语从句中引导词(连接词)的用法连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if代词:who, whose, what ,which,whose副词:when ,where, how, why 等。
A.连词:He told me (that) he would go to college next year.他告诉我他明年上大学.I don’t know if /whether there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether/if he could pass the exam. 没有人知道他是否会通过考试.that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)可跟that从句做宾语的动词有:say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report 等。
高中英语语法知识点:宾语从句讲解摘要的编辑就为各位学生带来了高中英语语法知识点:宾语从句讲解一、宾语从句用法时态: 1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。
2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。
3.主句用过去时,从句是客观真理时,只用一般现在时。
一、宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,if和whether引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句.He told me (that he would) go to the college the next year他告诉我他明年上大学.I dont know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没有人知道他是否会通过考试.连接代词连接代词主要有who,whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏么?The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.He didnt tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.二、动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.He told us that they would help us through the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?常见的这些词有:make sure确保 make up ones mind下决心 keep in mind 牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I havent been to theget-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天写日记成了习惯.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matter.我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.He will have it that our plan is really practical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.We take it that you will agree with us.When you start the engine, you must see to it thatcar is in neutral.开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.的编辑为大家带来的高中英语语法知识点:宾语从句讲解,希望能为大家提供帮助。
高中英语语法宾语从句讲解宾语从句学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:连接词、语序和时态。
1.宾语从句的定义宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用,可以作动词的宾语,也可以做介词的宾语作动词的宾语:I heard that he would e here later on.主语谓语动词一个句子作宾语作介词的宾语:He said nothing about who broke the window last night.主语谓语动词代词作动词的宾语介词一个句子作介词的宾语2.宾语从句中引导词(连接词)的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有:连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if代词:who, whose, what ,which副词:when ,where, how, why 等。
①连词: He told me (that he would) go to the college the next year 他告诉我他明年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没有人知道他是否会通过. that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)可跟that从句做宾语的动词有:say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect,explain, order, mand, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。
The boy believes that he will travel through space to other plas.Attention:宾语从句的否定转移当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。
宾语从句宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:连接词、语序和时态。
1.连接词连接词一般都是that(指事务或人),which(指事),who(指人)1.从句为陈述句,常选择连接词that或将that省略,直接与主句相连。
2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择连接词if或whether。
在whether … or not 结构中不能用if 替换。
3.从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。
注意:当who为主语时,句式为:who+谓语+其他2.判断时态情况:1.主句是一般现在时,从句为各种时态情况。
eg.He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk. They know (that) he is working hard.2.主句是一般过去时,从句为各种相应过去时态注意:从句是客观真理时,用一般现在时。
He answered that he was listening to me. Father told me that practice makes perfect .3. 注意:A 宾语从句必须用陈述语序。
He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.B 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。
I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours.You may depend on it that I shall always help you,C 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。
I don’t think he likes the English teacher.注意:引导词that在宾语从句中的用法(that 不能省略的情况)当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;eg.I believe(that)you have done your best and that things will get better.当宾语从句有it做形式宾语时eg.She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him.当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;if,whether在宾语从句中的用法① if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if② whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以③ . 在不定式前只能用whether. 如:I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下④避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if表语从句定义:表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。
【高中英语】高中英语语法:宾语从句讲解本文题目:高中英语语法:宾语从句讲解宾语从句讲解:宾语从句,在复合句中作宾语,位于及物动词后。
eg.Tell him which class you are in 。
Do you know what he likes?注:(1)主、从句时态一致:主句谓语过去时,从句相应过去时;He answered that he was listening to me.主句谓语现在时,从句时态任所需;eg. He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk.They know (that) he is working hard.具体过去永不变,真理格言现在时;eg.He told me that he was born in 1980.Father told me that practice makes perfect 。
(2)否定前移,及完成反意问句在think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect等动词后跟宾语从句否定式时,应转移到主句上去,完成反意问句时,应与从句主、谓保持一致。
(注:否定前移的条件是,主句主语是第一人称)eg. I don‘t think you are right ,are you ?I don‘t believe they have finished th eir work yet,have they ?(3)运用虚拟语气的情况在表示:建议 suggest 、advise、propose;要求demand 、desire、request;决定 decide;命令 order、command、require;坚决主张 insist;等动词后跟宾语从句,用(should)+v.(虚拟语气)【总结】2021年已经到来,新的一年也会为您收集更多更好的文章,希望本文“高中英语语法:宾语从句讲解”能给您带来帮助!下面请看更多频道:更多频道:感谢您的阅读,祝您生活愉快。
高中英语语法宾语从句讲解篇一:高中宾语从句精讲及练习(含答案)宾语从句学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:连接词、语序和时态。
1.宾语从句的定义宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用,可以作动词的宾语,也可以做介词的宾语作动词的宾语:I heard that he would come here later on.主语谓语动词一个句子作宾语作介词的宾语:He said nothing about who broke the window last night.主语谓语动词代词作动词的宾语介词一个句子作介词的宾语2.宾语从句中引导词(连接词)的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有:连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if代词:who, whose, what ,which副词:when ,where, how, why 等。
① 连词: He told me (that he would) go to the college the next year 他告诉我他明年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没有人知道他是否会通过考试. that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)可跟that从句做宾语的动词有:say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。
The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.Attention:宾语从句的否定转移当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。
I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, won’t she/he? We suppose you have finished the project, haven’t y ou?如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词(不包含带有否定前缀的词,如:unhappy,unfair,dislike等),其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he?我们发现他从不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?当主句的主语是第二、三人称时,其反义疑问句一般与主句保持一致。
Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn’t she?You thought they could have completed the project, didn’t you? They don’t believe she’s an engineer, do they?She doesn’t expect that we are coming so soon, does she?练习题(1).I don’t think he is right,__________?A.isn’t he B.is he C.do I D.don’t I(2). He believes she is right, __________?A.doesn’t he B.does he C.is she D.isn’t she(3).I thought that he disliked playing football,__________?A.didn’t he B.did he C.did I D.didn’t I(4). I find _____ important that we practice English every day.A. itB. thisC. thatD. what(5). You can’t imagine ____when they received the nice gift.A. how they were excitedB. how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD. they were how excited在以下情况中that不能省略1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,但后面的that不可省。
I believe(that)you have done your best and that things will get better.2、当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一般不可省。
Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.3、当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,that不可省。
I can’t tell him that his mother died.4、当it作形式宾语时例句:She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him.许多带复合宾语的句子,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部,而用it 作形式宾语。
5、当宾语从句前置时 That our team will win,I believe.6、当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;由whether,if 引导的宾语从句当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否”。
如:I don’t know if /whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
但在下列情况下只能用whether,不能用if:①在具有选择意义,又有or或or not时,尤其是直接与or not连用时,往往用whether(if?or not也可以使用)。
如:Let me know whether /if he will come or not.(=Let me know whether or not he will come)让我知道他是否能来。
I don’t know whether /if he does any washing or not.(=I don’t know whether or not he does any washing.)我不知道他洗不洗衣服。
I wonder whether we stay or whether wego.我不知道我们是去还是留。
②在介词之后用whether。
如:I’m interested in whether he likes English.我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。
We’re thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。
③在不定式前用whether。
如:He hasn’t decided whether to visit the old man.他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。
He hasn’t decided whether to go by bus or by train.他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。
④whether置于句首时,不能换用if。
如:Whether this is true or not,I can’t say.这是否真的我说不上来。
⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。
如:Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否能来还是个问题。
⑥若用if会引起歧义时,则用whether。
如:Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为:b.If you like the book,please let me know.你如果喜欢这本书,请告诉我只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句1、 if引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.2、 if引导否定概念的宾语从句时He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday.3、引导状语从句even if(即使)和as if(好象)时He talks as if he has known all about it.连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的,宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
用于这种结构的动词常常是:see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。
②连接代词:who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。