阅读题型篇
阅读题型一完形填空
01 命题趋势考标导向化
1.考查内容
完形填空是全国各省、地、市中考的必考题型，在中考英语试卷中一般占总分的10%—15%。从近几年的中考命题趋势来看，完形填空基本上遵循“突出语篇，强调应用，注重实际”的设计思路，注重测试考生运用所学的知识，对文章提供的信息进行逻辑推理、分析归纳的综合能力。完形填空考查考生对语法、词汇、句型、句式、词语惯用法等的掌握情况，特别是考查动词、名词、形容词、副词等实词，此外还有状语从句的连接词、词组搭配及常用的词语、冠词、不定代词等。
2.考查难度
完形填空题型综合性较高，难度较大。具体地说，虽然完形填空首句不挖空，但是四个选项(个别试题给出三个选项)都有较强的迷惑性和干扰性，同时命题者加大了句子层次和语篇层次设空所占的比例，有些后置性设空的难度也较大，有的答案提示一直到篇末才出现，因此区分度较高。
3.试题特点
完形填空的基本设计形式都是从一篇短文中抽走10—15处，形成空白。可以说完形填空是根据一篇文章所提供的情景进行的选择填空，也可以说它是在缺少个别单词情况下的阅读理解，试题特点也逐渐出现了“情景推理多，语法选项少”的趋势。近年中考英语完形填空试题中，完全根据语法知识进行选择的很少。有的题目，既考查语法知识，也考查意义选择，而且淡化语法知识，侧重根据文章内容确定答案的“情景意义”选择几乎已经覆盖了完形填空的全部试题。
预计2015年中考完形填空题将继续体现“突出语篇”的命题原则，即“意义填空逐步取代语法填空”，题材和体裁的选取会更加生活化、多样化，选材内容新颖，时代感强，更加注重贴近学生的生活实际。加大对文章的结构意义、上下文衔接、逻辑思维等内容的考查，将是中考完形填空的命题趋势。
02 方法归纳能力提升化
1.重视首句，把握开篇
完形填空一般无标题，首句通常不挖空，是完整的一句。细读首句，可判断文章体裁，同时可预测文章的主旨和大意。
2.通读全文，掌握大意
解题前，要快速通读全文，了解文章的基本内容和整体结构。首先要跳过空白处，通读全文，遇到对意思理解不透的地方时，仍要快速阅读下去，不要把时间浪费在对个别字句的推敲上，应全力以赴捕捉可能获得的所有信息，尽快了解文章大意，弄清楚文章中涉及的“W”,即：who (人物)，what (事件)，when (时间)，where (地点)，why (原因)，whose(相互关系)。切忌看一空填一空，以免断章取义，误解作者的本意。
3.瞻前顾后，逐步填空
“瞻前顾后”，即答题时要回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。如果一句中有两个空白处待填，在初定答案时要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，通过择优法或排除法最后确定答案。
4.抓住关键词，根据上下文解题
解题时，要善于发现文章中起重要作用的关键词、短语或句子，以便准确了解所提问题的特定语境以及语篇中的内在关系，做到言之有据。比如文章的第一句、每段的第一句和最后一句等，它们往往是全文或全段的主题句，通过它们可以知道文章的题材、大意、时间、人物和事件等。
5.复读全文，验证答案
把填好的短文通读一遍，将不合题意的答案调整或修改；如果实在无法确定，可以作推理性猜测，不可放弃不填。进行核查同时注意以下三点：
(1)上下文的一致性：即时态语态的一致；代词、名词、单复数的一致。
(2)语法和惯用法及习惯搭配，甚至从语感入手，看是否符合上下文的逻辑。
(3)段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。
03 整合集训反馈层级化
▲记叙篇
A(2014·镇江)
Recently，I felt like I reached a very low point in life. My relationships weren’t good，I wasn’t enjoying my classes，and I felt like I had nothing to 1 .My life seemed to be full of endless homework，tests and loneliness. Nothing anyone said seemed 2 to me. I wasn’t sure what to do about myself. All I wanted was to be happy again，but I didn’t know who or what would 3 that.
During these days，I had trouble sleeping. I had to take sleeping pills but still woke up in the midnight. I had no 4 but to tell my dad. He 5 the book The Secret.I immediately bought the e-book online and read the whole thing that night. I’m 6 quite a stubborn person，but the effect on my mood after finishing the book was 7 .Suddenly，I felt like life was beautiful again.
I had never felt such a deep and quick 8 in my life before.
In fact，the book’s message was very simple—think positively(积极地).The book had many success stories about how people were able to 9 money，soul mates(心灵伙伴)and old friends back into their lives.I started learning to thank everything in my life like them.Little by little，
I realized that The Secret could only work 10 I believed these people’s success stories.
Now I’m sure I can bring myself happiness. ( )1.A.take care of e up with
C.look down on
D.look forward to
( )2.A.helpful B.colourful
C.peaceful
D.powerful
( )3.A.serve B.offer
C.answer
D.prevent
( )4.A.problem B.idea
C.need
D.doubt
( )5.A.borrowed B.collected
C.returned
D.recommended
( )6.A.normally B.mainly
C.finally
D.probably
( )7.A.realistic mon
C.obvious
D.serious
( )8.A.breath B.notice
C.surprise
D.change
( )9.A.attract B.control
C.imagine
D.mention
( )10.A.until B.when
C.unless
D.before
B(2014·安徽)
Once there lived a farmer called Henry. He had a brother，Mike，in town who was an excellent gardener. His skill and his beautiful trees were 1 everywhere.
One day，Henry went to town to visit Mike.“Look，my brother，”said Mike，“Here is the best 2 tree from my garden.Take it home and 3 it so that you，and your children，and your children’s children can enjoy it.”Henry was 4 with the apple tree and went back home.The next morning，he began to 5 where he should plant it.
“If I plant it on the hill，”said he to himself，“the wind migh t catch it and 6 down the fruit;If I plant it close to the road，people who pass by will pick some of them;But if I plant it…”
7 he planted the tree in the corner behind his house，where no one else could notice it.But the tree bore(结出)no fruit the first year，nor the second.Then Henry sent for his brother and said to him 8 ，“You have cheated me.This is the third year and it brings me 9 but leaves.”
When Mike saw where the tree was planted，he laughed and said，“You have planted the tree in such a cold corner without 10 or warmth.How，then，could you expect flowers and fruit?”
( )1.A.simple B.famous
C.similar
mon
( )2.A.pear B.grape
C.apple
D.banana
( )3.A.sell B.wash
C.hide
D.plant
( )4.A.tired B.patient
C.pleased
D.popular
( )5.A.learn B.wonder
C.realize
D.understand
( )6.A.put B.cut
C.push
D.shake
( )7.A.Finally B.Firstly
C.Luckily
D.Certainly
( )8.A.happily B.angrily
C.kindly
D.carelessly
( )9.A.nothing B.something
C.everything
D.anything
( )10.A.air B.earth
C.water
D.sunlight
C(2014·河南)
“It’s raining cats and dogs!” Grandpa shouted.
Little Richie came running to the window. He wanted to see the 1 falling from the sky.He looked out of the window，but it was 2 that there were no cats or dogs.He only saw small pools of water on the ground.
“Man，it’s really coming down out there!” Uncle Bob agreed 3 he looked out of the window，too. Richie scratched his head(挠头).What was coming down? First they talked about cats and dogs that 4 be seen. Now someone said “it”.What was going on with these 5 ?
