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英语16种语态There are a total of 16 tenses in English language, including the active and passive voice. Understanding these tenses is important as they help in conveying accurate meaning and information. Below is an explanation of each tense along with example sentences:1. Simple Present Tense (Active Voice): It is used to express general facts or repeated actions in the present.Example: She goes to school every day.2. Simple Present Tense (Passive Voice): It is used to show actions that happen to the subject. Example: The cake is baked by her.3. Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice): This tense describes ongoing actions in the present. Example: They are playing football in the park.4. Present Continuous Tense (Passive Voice): It is used to indicate that an action is being done to the subject.Example: The letter is being written by Tom.5. Present Perfect Tense (Active Voice): It shows an action that has occurred in the past but has a relevance to the present.Example: She has already finished her homework.6. Present Perfect Tense (Passive Voice): This tense is used to describe an action that has been done to the subject.Example: The car has been repaired by the mechanic.7. Simple Past Tense (Active Voice): It expresses actions that were completed in the past. Example: He studied at university for five years.8. Simple Past Tense (Passive Voice): This tense is used when the focus is on the object that experienced the action.Example: The book was written by a famous author.9. Past Continuous Tense (Active Voice): This tense describes ongoing actions in the past. Example: She was singing when I entered the room.10. Past Continuous Tense (Passive Voice): It shows that an action was being done to the subject in the past.Example: The house was being painted by the workers.11. Past Perfect Tense (Active Voice): It denotes an action that had happened before another action in the past.Example: He had already left when I arrived.12. Past Perfect Tense (Passive Voice): This tense is used when an action had been done to the subject before another event in the past.Example: The novel had been read by many people before it became popular.13. Simple Future Tense (Active Voice): It indicates an action that will happen in the future. Example: She will visit her grandparents next week.14. Simple Future Tense (Passive Voice): This tense is used when an action will be done to the subject in the future.Example: The building will be constructed by a renowned architect.15. Future Continuous Tense (Active Voice): This tense describes ongoing actions that will happen in the future.Example: They will be working on the project tomorrow.16. Future Continuous Tense (Passive Voice): It indicates an action that will be done to the subject in the future.Example: The party will be attended by a large number of people.These 16 tenses in English language help in expressing different actions and states in a clear and concise manner. Understanding and using them correctly can greatly improve communication skills in both written and spoken English.。
英语六级翻译时态与语态考点整理时态和语态是英语翻译中的两个重要考点。
正确掌握时态和语态的变化规则对于提高翻译水平至关重要。
本文将整理英语六级翻译中的常见时态和语态考点，以便帮助读者更好地应对六级翻译考试。
1. 时态考点时态在英语中用来表示动作发生的时间。
常见的时态包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时等。
以下是各个时态的用法和常见翻译问题：1.1 一般现在时一般现在时表示经常性的、普遍性的或固定的动作或状态。
常常使用时间状语词，如always, usually, often, sometimes等。
常见问题有：- 原句：He goes to school by bus.译文：他乘公交车上学。
- 原句：She likes reading books.译文：她喜欢读书。
1.2 一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个具体时间内发生的动作或状态。
常见问题有：- 原句：They visited the Great Wall last week.译文：他们上周参观了长城。
- 原句：She lived in Beijing for five years.译文：她在北京生活了五年。
1.3 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间发生的动作或状态。
常见问题有：- 原句：I will call you tomorrow.译文：我明天会给你打电话。
- 原句：He is going to travel around the world next year.译文：明年他将会周游世界。
1.4 现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。
常见问题有：- 原句：She is watching TV at the moment.译文：她此刻正在看电视。
- 原句：They are studying English in the library.译文：他们正在图书馆学习英语。
1.5 过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
英语八大语态
英语中常见的语态有以下八种：
1. 一般现在时语态（The Simple Present Tense）：谓语动词用原形，表示主语的动作或状态是经常性、习惯性或客观事实。
2. 一般过去时语态（The Simple Past Tense）：谓语动词用过去式，表示主语的动作或状态已经结束或发生在过去的某个时间点。
3. 将来时语态（The Future Tense）：表示将要发生的动作或状态，常用will或be going to 等助动词表示。
4. 现在进行时语态（The Present Continuous Tense）：谓语动词用现在分词形式，表示主语正在进行的动作或状态。
5. 过去进行时语态（The Past Continuous Tense）：谓语动词用过去分词形式，表示主语过去某个时刻正在进行的动作或状态。
6. 现在完成时语态（The Present Perfect Tense）：谓语动词用过去分词形式，表示主语在过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。
7. 过去完成时语态（The Past Perfect Tense）：谓语动词用过去分词形式，表示主语在过去某个时间已经完成的动作或状态。
8. 将来完成时语态（The Future Perfect Tense）：谓语动词用过去分词形式，表示主语在将来某个时间已经完成的动作或状态。
英语语态一、一般时【一般现在时】:I play games with him everyday.我每天和他玩游戏。
【一般过去时】:I played games with him yesterday.我昨天和他玩游戏。
【一般将来时】:I will play games with him tomorrow.我明天将和他玩游戏。
二、进行时【现在进行时】:I am playing games with him now.我现在正在和他玩游戏。
【过去进行时】:I was playing games with him at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候我正在和他玩游戏。
【将来进行时】:I will be playing games with him at this time tomorrow.我明天这个时候将正在和他玩游戏。
三、完成时【现在完成时】:I have played games with him by now.现在我已经和他玩过游戏了。
【过去完成时】:I had played games with him before yesterday.昨天之前我已经和他玩过游戏了。
【将来完成时】:I will have played games with him by tomorrow.明天这个时候我已经和他玩过游戏了。
四、完成进行时【现在完成进行时】:I have been playing games with him for two hours.（现在我已经和他玩过两小时的游戏了。
）【过去完成进行时】:I had been playing games with him for two hours when his father came in.（当他父亲进来的时候我已经和他玩过两小时的游戏了。
）【将来完成进行时】:I will have been playing games with him for two hours when his father comes back tomorrow morning.（当明天早上他父亲回来时我已经和他玩过两小时的游戏了。
英语常用的八种语态
1. 一般现在时态 (Simple Present Tense)
主动语态：主语 + 动词原形
被动语态：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词
2. 一般过去时态 (Simple Past Tense)
主动语态：主语 + 过去式
被动语态：主语 + was/were + 过去分词
3. 现在进行时态 (Present Continuous Tense) 主动语态：主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词
被动语态：主语 + am/is/are + being + 过去分词
4. 过去进行时态 (Past Continuous Tense)
主动语态：主语 + was/were + 现在分词
被动语态：主语 + was/were + being + 过去分词
5. 现在完成时态 (Present Perfect Tense)
主动语态：主语 + have/has + 过去分词
被动语态：主语 + have/has + been + 过去分词6. 过去完成时态 (Past Perfect Tense)
主动语态：主语 + had + 过去分词
被动语态：主语 + had + been + 过去分词
7. 将来时态 (Future Tense)
主动语态：主语 + will/shall + 动词原形
被动语态：主语 + will/shall + be + 过去分词
8. 将来完成时态 (Future Perfect Tense)
主动语态：主语 + will/shall + have + 过去分词
被动语态：主语 + will/shall + have + been + 过去分词。
所谓“时”就是行为发生的时段或状态存在的时段，即：现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种；所谓“态”就是行为或状态发生时说呈现的状态，有一般状态、进行状态、完成状态或完成进行状态四种。
由时和态结合，便形成下列十六种时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，一般过去将来时；现在进行时，过去进行时，将来进行时，过去将来进行时；现在完成时，过去完成时，将来完成时，过去将来完成时；现在完成进行时，过去完成进行时，将来完成进行时，过去将来完成进行时．一、一般现在时1.概念：表示经常发生的情况；有规律出现的情况；总是发生的；和事实真理。
2.时间状语：Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week(day, year, month…), on Sundays（on Mondays …),3.基本结构：动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）4.否定形式：主语+am/is/are +not+其他; 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't, 如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
6.例句：It seldom snows here.这里很少下雪。
He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助别人。
Action speaks louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
二、一般过去时1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本结构：主语+动词或be的过去时+名词4.否定形式：主语+was/were +not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
英语时态一、一般现在时表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。
基本构成：主语+动原或动词单三+其他如是be动词应为am, is, are①一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：often,usually,sometimes,always,everyday等They go to the Palace Museum once a year.They often discuss business in the evening.②表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态如：The earth turns round the sun.Light travels faster than sound.③表示按照时间表进行的事情,用一般现在可以表达将来,句子中可以有将来时间。
如：The train for Haikou leaves at 8：00 in the morning.④在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。
如：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.⑤一般现在时用于倒装句中可以表示正在发生的动作,动词以come, go为主。
如：Here comes the bus. (车来了)There goes the bell.(铃响了)。
⑥在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.⑦在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。
英语语法：动词的时态和语态语态和时态学习英语的两大基础,是构成英语句型的关键,掌握了它们就为学好英语打下了坚实的基础。
所以用时必须熟练而准确。
小编在这里整理了相关知识，快来学习学习吧!一、一般现在时1、表示经常发生的习惯性的、现在反复出现的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有：always,usually,seldom, sometimes, every day, now and then, once a week 等。
2、表示眼下或目前等现在时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，这种状态带有一定的持续性。
3、表示客观事实或普遍真理。
4、书报的标题，故事的叙述，小说、戏剧、电影等情节介绍，图片的说明。
5、时间表、时刻表、日程表、节目单、课程表等按规定将要发生的动作，只限于 go, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, come 等动词。
6、在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，表示将来的动作。
注意：一般现在时可以用于定语从句或宾语从句中表示将来。
7、用在某些表达中，表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。
Here comes the bus!How it rains!二、一般过去时等1、表示在过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态，与现在没有关系。
常用的时间状语有：yesterday, last night, at that time 等。
2、表示在过去某一段时间里反复出现的动作或状态，与现在没有关系。
3、用 used to do 或would do 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
4、有些情况发生的时间没清楚表明，但实际上是“刚才，刚刚”发生的，属于过去时间，应使用过去时态。
常见的有 I didn’t know…或 I forgot…等。
5、一般过去时可与 today, this week, this month 等时间状语连用。
三、一般将来时1、will/shall do(1)表示将来会出现的动作或状态。
1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况.2.时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,3.基本结构：动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词.5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词.6.例句：. It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words.二、一般过去时：1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为.2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词的过去式4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词.5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词.6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.I didn't know you were so busy.三、现在进行时：1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为.2.时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.3.基本结构：am/is/are+doing4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首.6.例句：How are you feeling today?He is doing well in his lessons.四、过去进行时：1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作.2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等.3.基本结构：was/were+doing4.否定形式：was/were + not + doing.5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首.6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.五、现在完成时：1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态.2.时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.3.基本结构：have/has + done4.否定形式：have/has + not +done.5.一般疑问句：have或has.6.例句：I've written an article.The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”.2.时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.3.基本结构：had + done.4.否定形式：had + not + done.5.一般疑问句：had放于句首.6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books七、一般将来时：1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事.2.时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.4.否定形式：was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词.5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首.6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.It is going to rain.八、过去将来时：1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中.2.时间状语：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.3.基本结构：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do.4.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首.6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.I asked who was going there .九.将来完成时：1.概念：在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态2.时间状语：by the time of;by the end of+时间短语（将来）;by the time+从句（将来）3.基本结构：be going to/will/shall + have done十.现在完成进行时:1.概念：在过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直持续到说话为止2.基本结构：have/has +been+doing几种常见时态的相互转换英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式：十一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能.但是,可用别的表达方式：①瞬间动词用于“一段时间+ ago”的一般过去时的句型中；②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用；③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间+ since + 一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中.请看：A. He joined the League two years ago.B. He has been in the League for two years.C. It is two years since he joined the League.D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.十二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at work（在工作）, at school（上学、上课）等.此短语可与进行时态转换.请看：Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.Peter is working, but Mike is playing.十三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作.如：I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来,妈妈!”请看：The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.十六种时态一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,一般过去将来时；现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去将来进行时；现在完成时,过去完成时,将来完成时,过去将来完成时；现在完成进行时,过去完成进行时,将来完成进行时,过去将来完成进行时．[此文档可自行编辑修改，如有侵权请告知删除，感谢您的支持，我们会努力把内容做得更好]。
英语国家常用语态10种最需要注意的时态考点归纳1. 一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。
He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.She has a brother who lives in New York. The earth goes around the sun.Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。
如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时，常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment / minute / day / year条件：if, unless, provided If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。
考点四：在the more… the more … (越…越…) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。
The harder you study, the better results you will get.2. 现在进行时表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动；与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用，表示说话人的某种感情色彩(赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等)。
We are having English class. The house is being built these days.The little boy is always making trouble.考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。
Look out when you are crossing the street.Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作(这时多有表示将来的时间状语)。
Marry is leaving on Friday.3. 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。
现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语。
考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点They have lived in Beijing for five years.They have lived in Beijing since 1995. I have learned English for ten years.考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately, recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these daysHas it stopped raining yet?考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/年/月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。
in the past few years/months/weeks/days, over the past few years, during the last three months, for the last few centuries, through centuries, throughout history 等In the past 30 years China has made great advances in socialist construction.考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或在“It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词＋that” 后面用现在完成时。
This is my first time that I have visited China. That is the only book that he has written.This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.4.一般过去时表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。
常与明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1945, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when。
考点一：used to + do 表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。
to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。
比较：be / become / get used to + doing 表示习惯于He used to smoke a lot. He has got used to getting up early.考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。
He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise5. 过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。
The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someone shouted for help.What were you doing at nine last night?The radio was being repaired when you called me.6. 过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用。
There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.By the end of last term we had finished the book.They finished earlier than we had expected.考点一：用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. (注意倒装)考点二：表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。
That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.考点三：动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。
I had hoped that I could do the job. I had intended to see you but I was too busy.7. 一般将来时表示在将来某个时间发生的动作或情况。
常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用，其表现形式多达5种。
考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中。
We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.(主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。
)考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。
I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.考点三：“祈使句+ and / or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。
Use your head and you will find a way.考点四：“be going to + 动词原形”，表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。
“be about to + 动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。
“be to + 动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。
They are to be married in May.8. 将来进行时表示将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。
I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。
The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.9. 将来完成时表示在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。
考点一：常用的时间状语一般用by + 将来时间，如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clo ck this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的从句。
By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。
