新人教版八年级下册第三章测试

人教版八年级英语下册unit3单元测试题人教版八年级英语下学期第三单元检测卷时间：120分钟。

满分：120分听力部分（25分）Ⅰ.听句子，选出与句子意思相符的图片。

听两遍。

（5分）1.C。

2.E。

3.A。

4.D。

5.BⅡ.听五段短对话和问题，根据对话内容选择正确的答案。

听两遍。

（5分）6.C。

7.B。

8.A。

9.B。

10.AⅢ.听两段长对话，选择正确的答案。

听两遍。

（5分）11.C。

12.B。

13.A。

14.A。

15.CⅣ.听短文，根据短文内容完成表格。

听两遍。

（10分）Name:。

JackAge:。

16Hobbies:。

playing basketball。

XXXXXXFavorite Food:。

pizzaFavorite Color:。

blueⅤ.听对话，填空。

听两遍。

（5分）16.3 hours17.the library18.the history book19.2 weeks20.$5笔试部分（95分）Ⅰ.单项选择。

（15分）21.A。

22.C。

23.B。

24.A。

25.C 26.A。

27.B。

28.A。

29.C。

30.B 31.C。

32.A。

33.B。

34.C。

35.B Ⅱ.完形填空。

（10分）36.C。

37.A。

38.B。

39.A。

40.C41.B。

42.C。

43.A。

44.B。

45.CⅢ.阅读理解。

（40分）A篇：46.C。

47.A。

48.B。

49.D。

50.C B篇：51.D。

52.A。

53.C。

54.B。

55.A C篇：56.B。

57.C。

58.A。

59.B。

60.A D篇：61.B。

62.C。

63.A。

64.B。

65.C Ⅳ.任务型阅读。

（10分）66.Canada67.6068.369.Sydney70.The Great Barrier ReefⅤ.词汇。

（15分）71.F。

72.C。

73.E。

74.B。

75.A76.D。

77.G。

78.H。

79.J。

80.IⅥ.句型转换。

部编人教版八年级物理下册第三单元测试卷(含答案)部编人教版八年级物理下册第三单元测试卷（含答案）第一部分：选择题请在括号内选择正确的答案，并将其字母编号填入题前括号内。

1. 物体受到的力越大，改变物体的运动状态所需要的时间就越______。

（A）A. 短B. 长C. 无关D. 不确定2. 下列关于滑动摩擦力的叙述错误的是______。

（B）A. 滑动摩擦力的大小只与两摩擦物质间的粗糙程度有关B. 滑动摩擦力的方向与物体受力方向相同C. 滑动摩擦力的大小并不受物体重量大小的影响D. 滑动摩擦力可以使物体的速度增大或减小3. 下列哪个是滑动摩擦力的另一个名称______？（C）A. 弹力B. 重力C. 普通摩擦力D. 引力4. 物体的质量越大，它所受重力的大小就越______。

（D）A. 大B. 小C. 等于D. 无法确定5. 两个物体在真空中自由下落，它们的质量相同，则它们的重力______。

（C）A. 相等B. 不相等C. 无法确定D. 不受重力作用第二部分：填空题请根据题意填写空白处的适当答案。

1. 当小明推开一辆停在路边的自行车，并试图使它停下来时，自行车受到的力是______。

2. 减速时，离开车轮的刹车片与车轮接触产生______。

3. 坐在滑雪板上向下滑时，滑雪板和雪地之间产生的力是______。

第三部分：简答题请简要回答以下问题。

1. 什么是弹力？它对物体有什么影响？2. 如果两个物体的质量相同，但其中一个物体的体积较小，两个物体受到的重力是否相同？为什么？3. 请简述摩擦力对物体运动的影响。

答案选择题答案：1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C填空题答案：1. 滑动摩擦力 2. 摩擦力 3. 摩擦力简答题答案：1. 弹力是物体受到的一种力，它的方向与物体的形变方向相反。

弹力会使物体恢复原状，对物体产生回复的作用。

2. 两个物体受到的重力相同。

重力与物体的体积无关，只与物体的质量有关。

八年级语文下册第三单元测试题一、积累与运用。

（30分）1、给加点的字注音。

（6分）阴晦．（）鄙．夷（）撩．逗（）戳．破（）拮．据（）栈．桥（）发窘．（）葳蕤．（）滑稽．（）肇．事（）绰．号（）匆遽．（）2、解释下列句中加点的词语。

（4分）（1）也不愿意都如别人的辛苦恣睢而生活。

恣睢：（2）过不一会儿，暴风雨就歇斯底里地开始了，顿时，天昏地暗，仿佛世界已到了末日。

歇斯底里：。

（3）贾里是个爱才的人，因此并不在意被人奚落了一通，相反，很想写一篇这幅漫画的欣赏指南。

奚落：。

（4）我们是个文明古国，几千年的文明史呵……真是贻笑大方! 贻笑大方：。

3、划出下列词语中的错别字并将正确的写在横线上。

（2分）莫明其妙狼狈不堪见义思迁沤心沥血十拿九稳再接再厉4、文学常识填空。

（5分）(1)《故乡》选自。

（２）《我的叔叔于勒》作者是国的短篇小说家（３）《孤独之旅》的作者是。

（４）《心声》的作者是，主人公是。

（５）《同桌阿伦》的作者是当代家，本文选自。

（６）小说的三要素是、、。

５、指出下列各句的描写手法及所塑造的是哪个人物形象。

（4分）（１）他正在厨房里，紫色的圆脸，头戴一顶小毡帽，颈上套一个明晃晃的银项圈。

（）（２）“阿呀呀，你放了道台了，还说不阔？你现在有三房姨太太；出门便是八台的大轿，还说不阔？”（）（３）我心里默念道：“这是我的叔叔，父亲的弟弟，我的亲叔叔。

”（）（４）他的脸色十分苍白，两只眼液根寻常不一样。

（）６、在下面的横线处填入适当的词句，组成前后呼应的排比句。

（2分）在黑暗中寻觅到的光明，是永远不会暗淡的，；在贫瘠中创造出的丰饶，是永远不会枯竭的。

７、请写出两句有关“青春”的格言。

（2分）（１）（２）８、指出下列句子的表达方式。

（5分）（１）苍黄的天底下，远近横着几个萧索的荒村，没有一些活气。

（）（２）我冒了严寒，回到相隔二千余里，别了二十余年的故乡去。

（）（３）我多么爱你的回音，爱你悠远无尽的音响和那反复无常的激情，（）（４）人生在世，是要天天劳作的，劳作便是公德，不劳作便是罪恶。

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? 单元测试姓名：__________ 班级：__________ 学号：__________一、单选题（共15题；共15分）1.My mother is hard working．she does for my family, she feels．A. The much；the happyB. The more；the happierC. More；happierD. The most；the happiest2.He invited me_____to the party with him.A. goB. to goC. goesD. goin3.There is wrong with Tom's leg. We should send him to hospital at once.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing4.- I hurt myself at home yesterday.- _____A. I'm sorry to hear that.B. Is that so?C. Sounds like fun.D. That's all right.5.—__ __?—No problem.A. Did you have a penB. What time did you get up this morningC. Could you help me with houseworkD. How often do you visit your parents6.—What do you usually do ________ your parents aren't at home?—I do my homework. Sometimes I watch TV or play computer games.A. becauseB. whileC. butD. before7.— Can you finish ____ these books before 10 o'clock?— Yes, I can.A. to readB. readC. readsD. reading8.—Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes, Tony?—Sure. Mom will be mad if she sees this , I think.A. matterB. messC. troubleD. difficulty9.Tony got up early this morning catch the early bus.A. soB. in order toC. so thatD. because10.—Where is chair in front of the computer?—It's in the bedroom.A. a；theB. a；/C. the；/D. the；the11.Nancy's father will take her to America as soon as she ________ the exam.A. passB. passesC. passedD. will pass12.He lost his key. It made him ________ in the cold to wait for his wife's return.A. to stayB. stayedC. staysD. stay13.—Can I ________ your bike?—With pleasure. But you mustn't ________ it to others.A. lend, borrowB. borrow, lendC. lend; lendD. borrow; borrow14.—Could you please my pet dog while I am away?—Sure. Don't worry. I can look after it well.A. take placeB. take careC. take care ofD. take part in15.You eat junk food. It's unhealthy.A. couldn'tB. mightC. shouldn'tD. should二、完形填空（共10分）Should children do chores?People 1 that children as young as 18 months can help with chores.When people say to those children.“Just look at the paper,” 2 will pick it up.Some parents think childhood(重年)is just for playing， 3 they don't ask their children to do chores.Other parents have a different opinion，but they still give their children n o chores.They say,“I know it’s not fight.but it’s 4 to do it by myself!”Most parents believe that chores are a way of 5 children responsibility(责任)，anyway.Children learn to help，share and care about others by doing chores.Things like taking care of a pet or a baby and helping make meals are some 6 of helping others.Well.I think there are some other very good 7 for children to do chores：★To feel good：Doing chores helps children 8 that they're part of the team.They feel happier when they do something meaningful for the family.★To learn skills (技巧)：Children will learn 9 to cook，clean and do other things in the house.These life skills will serve them well throughout(贯穿整个时期)their lives.All in all，it's good 10 children to grow up doing chores.So start to help your parents with the chores.Act now!1. A. hope B. find C. wonder D. advise2. A. I B. he C. we D. they3. A. if B. so C. because D. although4. A. cooler B. luckier C. quicker D. funnier5. A. making B. teaching C. reading D. lending6. A. examples B. messages C. preparations D. programs7. A. steps B. steps C. reasons D. resolutions8. A. decide B. imagine C. disagree D. understand9. A. why B. when C. how D. what10. A. for B. of C. with D. through三、阅读理解（共30分）AMost students do not enjoy doing housework.Some of them think that cleaning the bathroom or cooking dinner for the family is boring.However，if you try the following ways，you will find that housework is not as boring as you think.Learn to do small thingsYou should learn to do small things，for example，you can do the dishes，sweep the floor or make the bed.Part of growing up is to be able to take care of yourself.Doing some small things around the house shows that you are becoming responsible (有责任感的)．Divide (划分)housework among the familyIn fact，it's too tiring for one person to do all the housework alone.It's good to divide housework into different parts.All the family members (成员)will do the housework together.Dividing housework among all the family members will make everyone's job much easier.Make it funCooking is one part of housework.Cooking can be very funny if you put your heart into it.If you learn how to cook your favorite food，you will also get a feeling of satisfaction.（1）You can start by learning to do some small things EXCEPT (除了……外)______．A.doing the dishesB.sweeping the floorC.making the bedD.washing clothes（2）Why shouldn't one person do all the housework alone? （）A.Because it is boring.B.Because it is difficult.C.Because it is tiring.D.Because it is not exciting.（3）Which of the following is NOT true? （）A.It's no use doing small things if you want to learn how to do the housework well.B.Starting to learn how to take care of yourself is important.C.It's good to divide the housework into different part for each family member.D.You will feel satisfied if you can cook your favorite food.（4）How many ways can we try to do the housework according to the passage? （）A.Three.B.Four.C.FiveD.Six.（5）What's the main idea of the passage? （）A.It's about some boring chores we have to do.B.It's about how to do the housework more easily.C.It's about how to divide housework into parts.D.It's about how to find the joy of our life.BMany parents make their children do chores around the house.For some families, teaching childre n what to do and how to do chores is easy.But in other families, getting children to do some housework can be a very big problem.It is a good idea for parents to teach their children at an early age.All family members must work together to make the house clean, and each person must do his or her share(份) of the work.We can do this by starting a plan of chores and responsibilities when children are young.Chores are good for children—even very young ones.Doing chores can teach children many important skills like working together.Jobs also teach children what is fair.The skills and value(价值) from doing chores will be good to children all their life.（1）The first paragraph tells us .A.all the parents make their children do choresB.it's easy to teach children to do choresC.some children think doing chores is difficultD.teaching children to do chores is different among different families（2）The underlined word “responsibilities” means “” in Chinese.A.爱好B.琐事C.责任D.家务（3）It's good to teach to do chores.A.young childrenB.girlsC.parentsD.some families（4）Children can learn from doing chores.A.working together with othersB.how to writeC.what is fairD.A and C（5）Which of the following is TRUE? （）A.It's a small thing to teach children to do chores.B.Only the children who do chores know what is fair.C.Some children like to do chores but some don't.D.In a family, young children don't need to do chores.四、翻译（共11分）（1）想知道这架飞机有多重是很困难的。

人教版八年级英语下册第三单元测试限时：60分钟满分：100分一、单项选择(每小题1分，共15分)1. People usually touch something with their________.A. eyesB. nosesC. mouthsD. fingers2. —The weather is really terrible!—Yes, we'd better plant trees.________ trees, ________ air pollution.A. The more; the fewerB. The less; the moreC. The less; the fewerD. The more; the less3. It is necessary for everyone to________ a good habit of reading.A. enjoyB. chooseC. developD. accept4. I hate________ the dishes，but like________ TV.A. doing; watchB. do; to watchC. to do; watchD. to do; watching5. The students in our school never________ used(旧的) books. They always give them away to the children in the poor mountain villages.A. run awayB. throw awayC. put awayD. send away6. It's nice of you to________ so much time listening to me.A. spendB. takeC. costD. pay7. The newly­opened company________ the local people with more chances to work.A. givesB. providesC. offersD. shows8. —Can I________ your bike?—With pleasure. But you mustn't______ it to others.A. lend; borrowB. borrow; lendC. lend; lendD. borrow; borrow9. Sally took a photo of her friends while they________ computer games.A. playB. are playingC. have playedD. were playing10. —I'm not going swimming tomorrow afternoon.—________. I have to clean up my bedroom.A. So am IB. Neither am IC. Neither I amD. So I am11. —Could you please help me take it to the classroom?—________.A. Yes, I couldB. No, I couldn'tC. Yes, sureD. No, I don't12. When an earthquake happens, and you are outdoors, you should go to an open areaas________ as possible.A. quicklyB. quietlyC. loudlyD. slowly13. Julie________ the rubbish when she goes out to work every morning.A. gives outB. hangs outC. runs outD. takes out14. We won't learn to depend________ ourselves if our parents do everything for us.A. inB. toC. onD. for15. —You have been here very long?—Yeah.________ my parents came here.A. ForB. AsC. WhenD. Since二、完形填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)Washing clothes, making the bed, and cooking…these were impossible for Liang Jingwei before. But after taking some living skill classes, it's________16for this 12-year-old student.“At one time, my parents had to________17me do these things. But now, I can do it all by________18,” he said.At Liang's school, students take a one-week-long________19：eight students live in a room to learn living skills.“Many of them have never done these chores at home. They have no________20about these living skills. These classes make up for that, and they learned something________21,” said Zhang Jing, Liang's teacher.Zhang Yuanfan, 12, got better at cutting vegetables by making sushi. She can________22cucumbers and carrots into very thin pieces. But to keep those skills, she________23every day. “It's not easy.I________24my mother better now，” she said. Now, she often makes sushi at home. “These classes also help students________25their life，” Chen Siyu, Zhang's cooking teacher said.16. A. important B. different C. easy D. great17. A. ask B. call C. make D. help18. A. him B. them C. myself D. her19. A. vacation B. plan C. trip D. class20. A. dreams B. ideas C. news D. ways21. A. helpful B. interesting C. difficult D. new22. A. cut B. put C. take D. let23. A. learns B. practices C. Works D. listens24. A. love B. know C. understand D. wish25. A. enjoy B. make C. meet D. visit三、阅读理解(每小题2分，共10分)Students all around the world think it great to have some money in their pockets. But how much do they get?American Kids and Pocket MoneyIn the US, a little pre－school(学龄前的) kid may get a dollar or two, but older children getmore. A lot of American parents give pocket money to their children, but their children have to do chores.Most American children think making pocket money will help them to understand money better. An American boy Jacob said, “I get $40 every month. I put half of them in the bank and spend the remaining money on new things that I need.”British Kids and Pocket MoneyIn Britain, kids in primary school get 4 or 5 pounds each week. When they enter middle school, they get about 9 pounds. Also, British boys get a little more pocket money than girls.Like kids in the US, British children do chores to get their pocket money. That's why British children know a lot about spending money.7% of them spend less than ￡1 each week, 73% spend between ￡1 and ￡5 each week, and 20% spend over ￡5 each week. Most of them spend money on sweets, crisps(薯片) and chocolate.26. Jacob puts________ in the bank every month.A. 10 dollarsB. 20 dollarsC. 30 dollarsD. 40 dollars27. In Britain, most kids spend________ every week.A. less than ￡1B. between ￡1 and ￡5C. between ￡5 and ￡10D. more than ￡528. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. British boys get a little more pocket money than girls.B. Most American children think making pocket money will help them understand moneybetter.C. In the US, a little pre－school kid may get one or two dollars.D. British kids in primary school get about 9 pounds each week.29. What do most kids in Britain spend their pocket money on?A. Clothes.B. Books.C. Snacks.D. Toys.30. We know that most kids both in America and Britain________.A. do chores to get their pocket moneyB. put all their pocket money in the bankC. use up their pocket money every monthD. would like to use their pocket money to have a party四、任务型阅读(每小题2分，共10分)Now more and more Chinese teenagers find life more difficult without their parents. They don't know how to do the housework, because their parents do almost everything for them at home. This is a big problem.Mary is 14 years old. One day her parents went on a trip, so she was alone at home. At first she thought she would be happy because her parents were not in. She could do everything that she liked. But when it was six o'clock in the afternoon, she felt hungry. “Oh, it's time to have supper. Where can I get my food？” she said to herself. Later she found some meat and vegetables in the fridge (冰箱), but she didn't know how to cook them. At that time, she missed her parents very much. At last she could only go to a restaurant to eat.Many teenagers have the same problem as Mary. So I think they should learn some life skills (技能), like cooking, cleaning up their rooms or dressing themselves. They shouldn't depend on their parents too much.31题判断正误(“T”表示正确，“F”表示错误)；32题完成句子；33～34题简略回答问题；35题将文中画线句子译成汉语。

人教版新目标八年级下册英语第三单元测试题及答案听力部分（25分)Ⅰ。

听句子,选择与其意思相符的图片。

（其中有两幅图是多余的)（5分) 1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________Ⅱ。

听句子,选择最佳答语。

(5分)(）6.A。

Yes，of course。

B．I don’t like the book。

C．He will do it soon.()7.A.Take out the rubbish. B．I didn't see it。

C．She is my friend。

(）8.A。

Drink more water. B．Clean the house.C．In the kitchen.（)9。

A.He’s doing his homework。

B．I ran for half an hour.C．I don't like doing housework.(）10。

A。

About two hours。

B．Once a day.C．Sorry to hear that.Ⅲ。

听长对话，选择正确答案。

(5分)听第一段对话，回答第11－12小题。

（）11.What does the boy want？A．Some books。

B．Some money。

C．A computer.（）12.When will he finish the work?A．In thirty minutes. B．In fifty minutes.C．In an hour。

听第二段对话，回答第13－15小题。

（）13.What is Jenny good at?A．Doing sports。

B．Choosing new clothes.C．Singing and dancing。

(）14。

What is Jenny going to do this afternoon？A．Go shopping. B．Go to the dentist.C．Take a piano lesson。

第三章《生命起源和生物进化》测试题一、单选题（每小题只有一个正确答案）1．地球上最早出现的植物是A．原始单细胞藻类B．原始苔藓植物C．多细胞藻类D．原始种子植物2．原始生命的重要标志是A．原始细胞膜的形成 B．原始蛋白质和核酸的形成C．具有原始的新陈代谢和繁殖 D．蛋白质和核酸的相互作用3． 1861年，在德国发现的“始祖鸟”化石表明鸟类可能起源于（）A．古代的鱼类 B．古代的两栖类 C．古代的爬行类 D．古代的哺乳类4．根据达尔文的自然选择学说，蚊蝇等害虫对DDT抗药性不断增强的主要原因是：（）A．害虫对DDT进行选择的结果B．害虫本身对DDT具有抵抗能力C．DDT的药效降低了D．DDT对害虫抗药性的变异进行选择的结果5．下列各项里的两种生物的细胞色素C的差异最小的是（）A．人与黑猩猩B．人与马C．人与果蝇D．人与向日葵6．有关植物在地球上出现的顺序表述正确的是A．藻类植物→苔藓植物→蕨类植物→裸子植物→被子植物B．藻类植物→蕨类植物→苔藓植物→裸子植物→被子植物C．藻类植物→苔藓植物→蕨类植物→被子植物→裸子植物D．藻类植物→裸子植物→苔藓植物→蕨类植物→被子植物7．杀虫剂往往在开始使用时有效，后来逐渐失效。

下列关于这一现象的叙述中，正确的是（）A．害虫接触杀虫剂后，慢慢产生了抗药性B．由于用药量太少，害虫没被杀死而产生了抗药性C．害虫存在抗药性变异，杀虫剂对这种变异进行了选择D．害虫为了适应这种环境变化，发生了抗药性的变异8．下列关于生物进化的叙述正确的是（）A．化石是研究生物进化的唯证据B．生物进化的每个环节都有化石证据C．在最古老的地层中同样也有生物化石存在D．越古老的地层中出现化石的生物结构越简单越低等9．下列关于动物的运动和行为的叙述，正确的是A．人类运动系统的进化只与遗传和变异有关B．哺乳动物的运动系统由骨骼和骨骼肌组成C．动物越高等，学习能力越强，学习中“尝试与错误”的次数越多D．骨膜内层的成骨细胞与骨的长长有关，骺端软骨层的细胞与骨的长粗有关10．下列生物化石出现在地质年代最晚近的是( )A．单细胞生物 B．古代鱼类 C．古代两栖类 D．古代爬行类11．产奶量不同的奶牛 ,经过选择繁育,培育出高产奶牛,这是因为生物具有( ) A．生殖发育的特点 B．代谢作用 C．遗传和变异特征 D．适应环境12．下列对达尔文自然选择学说的理解，错误的是( )A．自然界中的生物，经过激烈的生存斗争，适应者生存，不适应者被淘汰B．自然选择是通过生存斗争实现的C．微小的有利变异在物种内能够逐代积累D．环境对生物变化的选择是不定向的13．2016年“全面二孩”正式实施，某对夫妇计划再生育一孩，下列有关性别决定的叙述，你不认同的是A．人的性别是由染色体决定的B．生男孩是因为含Y染色体的精子与卵细胞结合C．丈夫所产生的精子都含有Y染色体D．自然状况下，第二胎生男生女的机会均等14．自热界中有一种蛾易被蝙蝠捕食，千百万年之后，这种蛾中绝大部分能感受到蝙蝠的超声波，井运用复杂的飞行模式逃脱危险。

部编人教版八年级下册语文第三单元测试卷学校班级姓名成绩（满分：120分考试时间：150分钟）一、语言知识及其运用（10分）１、下列字形和加点字注音全部正确的一项是（）（２分）Ａ．阡陌．（mò）器皿屋舍俨．然（yán）绝类弥勒Ｂ．邑．人（yì）雎鸠水尤清冽（liè）凋栏相望Ｃ．篁．竹（huáng）珮环窈．窕淑女（yǎo）往来翕忽Ｄ箬．篷（ruò）修狭蒹．葭苍苍（jiān）怡然不动２、下列句子加点词语使用不正确的一项是（）（２分）Ａ．自然界很奇妙，总在周而复始地按照规律循环发展。

Ｂ．只要有目空一切的决心和勇气，任何困难就都不值一提。

Ｃ．转瞬即逝也好，海枯石烂也罢，只要我们用心感受，一切都是美好的。

Ｄ．他将中西方的传统天衣无缝地衔接起来，表达属于他自己的笔墨语言。

３、下列各组句子中，加点词语意思相同的一项是（）（２分）Ａ．才．通人／卿今者才．略Ｂ．明灭可．见／不可．久居Ｃ．便扶．向路/济困扶．危Ｄ．乃记．之而去／桃花源记．４、下列句子组成语段顺排列正确的一项是（）（２分）①不仅动物有这种本事，许多植物也能准确报时。

②例如南非有一种大叶树，它的树叶每隔两小时就要翻动一次。

③例如南美洲有一种第纳鸟，每隔30分钟就会“嘁嘁喳喳”叫上一阵，误差只有15秒。

④因此许多古代的学者或哲人推断说，宇宙万物都有自己的作息时间。

⑤人类早就发现，许多生物有着极强的“时间观念”。

⑥非洲丛林中还有一种小虫，每过一个小时就改变一种颜色，因此许多当地人把它们捉回去当“虫表”。

Ａ．⑥④⑤①②③Ｂ．⑤③⑥①②④Ｃ．⑥⑤③①②④Ｄ．⑤①②⑥③④５、下列有关文学常识和名著的表述不正确的一项是（）（２分）Ａ．陶渊明，一名潜，字元亮，私谥“靖节”，代表作品有《归园田居》《桃花源记》《己亥杂诗》和《饮酒》组诗等。

Ｂ．柳宗元是我国著名的文学家、哲学家，是“唐宋八大家”之一，与韩愈并称“韩柳”。

人教版八年级第三章物态变化单元测试题（含答案）一、填空题(本题共10小题,每空2分,共44分)1.如图甲是一支常见体温计的示意图,它是利用液体_______的性质制成的,分度值为0.1℃,由此可知体温计的测量结果比实验用温度计更精确.甲流期间的一天清晨,量出小明同学的体温如图甲所示,则他的体温为_______℃,由于一时疏忽,忘记甩一下体温计就直接测量小军的体温,结果如图乙所示,则测量的结果_______(填“准确”或“不准确）2.如图所示,(a)、(b)两图分别是甲、乙两种物质熔化时的温度一时间图象,由图可知:在甲、乙两种物质中_______物质是晶体,它的熔点是_______℃3.如图为某滑雪场人工造雪时的情境,造雪机将水注入专用喷嘴或喷枪接触高压空气,将水分割成微小的粒子并喷到寒冷的空气中,这些微小的粒子(小水滴)_______成冰晶落到地面,这就是人工造雪,天气转暖时,雪发生了_______(填物态变化名称)4.夏天经常使用的气雾杀虫剂,杀虫剂是在常温下通过_______的方法使气体_______后装入瓶中的线在喷洒了杀虫剂一会儿后,手会感觉到装有杀虫剂的金属罐变凉了,这是因为瓶内的杀虫剂_______时要吸热5.日光灯管用久了两端会发黑,是由管内钨丝中的钨先升华、后_______(填“升华”“凝华”“汽化”或“液化”)而形成的,钨是晶体,它的熔点为3410℃,则它的凝固点为_______℃6.生活中的打火机中装的液体是通过_______的方式液化的.家中烧开水时,壶嘴上方有大量的“白气”产生,形成“白气”的原因是_______(填“壶嘴内冒出”或“空气中”)的水蒸气液化成小水滴7.有一种能反映空气中水蒸气含量的装置叫“干湿温度计”,它是由两个相同的温度计并列制成的,其中一个温度计被湿布包起来了,这是由于湿布中的水在_______(填物态变化名称)吸热,在一定温度下两个温度计读数的差别越小,表示空气湿度_______(填“大”或“小”)8.两个完全相同的玻璃杯A和B,A倒扣着放入盛水的容器中,B中装有一些水,如图所示放置.用酒精灯给容器中的水加热,使水沸腾后继续加热的过程中,A杯中的水______沸腾,B杯中的水______沸腾.(填“能”或“不能”)9.对于小手术的麻醉,医生常用一种透明的沸点为13.1℃的液体氯乙烷,把施行手术的地方“冻结”起来,这是医生利用了液体氯乙烷三______时需要______热的原理10.小明同学几乎每天都要乘公交车上学,善于观察的他发现,无论盛夏还是严冬,在装有空调的公交车玻璃窗上,常常有小水珠附着在上面,那么夏天,小水珠附着在玻璃的______冬天,小水珠附着在玻璃的______(填“内表面”或“外表面”)二、选择题(本题共8小题,每小题3分,共24分.第11~16题每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求,第17~18题每小题有两个选项符合题目要求,全部选对得3分,选对但不全得1分,有错选得0分)11.下列说法中,你认为最符合实际的是（）A.人体的正常温度为35℃B.冰箱冷冻室的温度约为5℃C.盛夏中午室外温度可达38℃D.比较适宜的洗澡水的温度是55℃12.冬天,医生检查患者牙齿时,常把小镜子放在酒精灯上适当烤一烤,然后再伸进患者口腔内,这样做的的是（）A.防止镜子接触患者口腔时患者感到太冷B.进行消毒C.镜面不会产生水雾,可以看清牙齿D.防止镜框受热膨胀,致使镜片脱落13.体育课后,汗流浃背的小林同学赶紧打开教室电扇吹吹风,顿时感觉凉快多了,与这一现象有着相同特点的是（）A.春天,冰雪融化成溪水B.夏天,冰棒周围冒“白气C.秋天,早晨草地上铺上一层白霜D.冬天,屋檐上挂着串串冰柱14.一杯温水放入正常工作的冰箱冷冻室内,图中能正确反映其温度随时间变化的图象是()15.根据下表所提供的数据,在标准大气压下,以下判断正确的是物质酒精水银熔点/℃-117-39沸点/℃78357铅3281740A.80℃的酒精是液态B.铅的凝固点是一328℃C.-39℃的水银吸热,温度可能不变D.气温接近一50℃时,寒暑表应选用水银做温度计16.用高压锅煮粥,熄火后用冷水将锅冷却,拿去限压阀后打开锅盖,可以看到锅内的粥仍在沸腾,普通铝锅却看不到这样的现象,对此,下列说法中正确的是()A.熄火后,锅内温度迅速降到100℃以下,但由于打开锅盖后气压降低,所以重新沸腾B.熄火时,锅内温度仍然高于100℃,即使不冷却、不拿去限压阀,粥也在沸腾C.熄火时,锅内温度仍然高于100℃,冷却后锅内气压比原来降低,所以重新沸腾D.粥的流动性差,不易降温,想火后即使不浇冷水、不拿去限压阀,粥也要沸腾较长时间17.(双选)有关物态变化的描述正确的是（）A.冰是凝固形成的,需要吸收热量B.雾是液化形成的,会放出热量C.霜是升华形成的,需要吸收热量D.雪是凝华形成的,会放出热量18.(双选)如图所示,关于冰的熔化实验,下列说法正确的是（）A.该实验装置应按自下而上的顺序组装B.冰熔化时吸收热量但温度保持不变C.图中A、B两点温度相同,所以冰熔化时不吸热D.持续加热,当烧杯里的水沸腾时,试管里的水也能沸腾三、实验探究题(本题共2小题,第19小题12分,第20小题10分,共22分)19.晓轩同学在“探究冰和蜡的熔化规律”时,使用的实验装置如图甲所示(1)蜡在加热过程中某一时刻温度计的示数如图乙所示,温度是_______℃,实验数据如下表,可以判断蜡属于_______(填“晶体”或“非晶体”);时间/min温度/℃42144246348449550651752(2)向试管中放入碎冰,根据加热过程中记录的数据画出如图丙所示的温度一时间图象,得出冰熔化过程中的特点是_______、_______;(3)另一同学把冰放入如图丁所示的烧杯中,并未用酒精灯加热,冰也熔化了,于是他认为冰熔化不需要吸收热量,他的想法_______(填“正确”或“不正确”),他还发现冰熔化时烧杯外壁有一层水珠,这是______________形成的20.在观察水的沸腾实验时,张怡然同学观察到沸腾前和沸腾时水中气泡上升过程中的两种情况如图甲乙所示当水温升到90℃时,他记录了在加热过程中温度随加热时间的变化情况,数据如下表时间/min温度/℃90192294396497598699799899999(1)根据表中实验数据,可知水的沸点是______℃，由图可知______图是水沸腾时的情景。