Unit 5 TO LIE OR NOT TOLIE课文翻译大学英语四

Unit 5 To Lie or Not to Lie – The Doctor’s Dilemma一、教学目的1、了解与课文相关的文化背景知识和议论文的文体风格及写作特点。

2、理解课文的主题思想以及文中出现的复杂、疑难句式。

3、掌握：1) 课文的篇章结构和特点;2）构词法：后缀-ary & -ory added to nouns to form adjectives3）惯用法：also, as well, too;4）阅读技巧: Basic Reading Skill VII—Distinguishing Fact from Opinion (1); 5）写作技巧：write concluding sentence; a letter of application.4、熟练掌握：重点词汇、短语和关键句型1）重点词汇：advocate, alternative, benefit, conceal, arise, betray, promote, differ, risk, distort, tolerate, render, informed, concerning, suspicion, injure, deceive, debate, issue, consequence, professional, peculiar;2）重点短语、句型：短语：at times, in one’s eyes, slip into, contrary to, in the first place, in the course of, in the dark, bring to a close, take leave, in the long run, go to great lengths, refrain from, day after day;句型：1) contrary to…2) object clause二、教学重点1、掌握：1）与课文相关的文化背景知识，如“Three Types of Doctors”,“OtherMedical Workers”, “White Lies” etc.Three Types of Doctors:General practitioners(全科医生): They may not have special training in any particular medical field, but develops a wide knowledge of all kinds of illness.Specialists (专家，专科医生) : Some doctors prefer to treat only certain kinds of illness, thus becoming specialists in their chosen field.Researchers (医学研究人员) : Those doctors often help teach future physicians in medical schools. At the same time, they use the laboratories and hospital facilities of the medical schools to conduct research programs.Other Medical WorkersPhysician内科医生Surgeon外科医生Dentist牙医Intern, Resident, Chief Resident 实习医生，住院医生，住院总医师Nurse, Head Nurse护士，护士长Veterinarian (Vet) 兽医Quack江湖游医A White LieA white lie is a lie that is considered to be justified, or even praiseworthy, if it is in the interests of the person or people to whom it istold. Quite often, a doctor’s lie is thought to be a case in point.2）了解议论文的文体风格和写作特点。

Unit 5 TO LIE OR NOT TOLIE— THE DOCTOR'S DILEMMASissela BokIs it ever proper for a medical doctor to lie to his patient? Should he tell a patient he is dying? These questions seem simple enough, but it is not so simple to give a satisfactory answer to them. Now a new light is shed on them.Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patients -- to speed recovery or to conceal the approach of death? In medicine as in law, government, and other lines of work, the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed by greater needs: the need to shelter from brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy; to expose corruption or to promote the public interest.What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical checkup just before going on vacation with his family who, though he feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months? Is it best to tell him the truth? If he asks, should the doctors deny that he is ill, or minimize the gravity of the illness? Should they at least conceal the truth until after the family vacation?Doctors confront such choices often and urgently. At times, they see important reasons to lie for the patient's own sake; in their eyes, such lies differ sharply from self-serving ones.Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill do not want to know the truth about their condition, and that informing them risks destroying their hope, so that they may recover more slowly, or deteriorate faster, perhaps even commit suicide. As one physician wrote: "Ours is a profession which traditionally has been guided by a precept that transcends the virtue of uttering the truth for truth's sake, and that is 'as far as possible do no harm.'"Armed with such a precept, a number of doctors may slip into deceptive practices that they assume will "do no harm" and may well help their patients. They may prescribe innumerable placebos, sound more encouraging than the facts warrant, and distort grave news, especially to the incurably ill and the dying.But the illusory nature of the benefits such deception is meant to produce is now coming to be documented. Studies show that, contrary to the belief of many physicians, an overwhelming majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about grave illness, and feel betrayed when they learn that they have been misled. We are also learning that truthful information, humanely conveyed, helps patients cope with illness: helps them tolerate pain better, need less medicine, and even recover faster after surgery.Not only do lies not provide the "help" hoped for by advocates of benevolent deception; they invade the autonomy of patients and render them unable to make informed choices concerning their own health, including the choice of whether to be patient in the first place. We are becoming increasingly aware of all that can befall patients in the course of their illness when information is denied or distorted.Dying patients especially -- who are easies to mislead and most often kept in the dark -- can then not make decisions about the end of life: about whether or not they should enter a hospital, or have surgery; about where and with whom they should spend their remaining time; about how they should bring their affairs to a close and take leave.Lies also do harm to those who tell them: harm to their integrity and, in the long run, to their credibility. Lies hurt their colleagues as well. The suspicion of deceit undercuts the work of the many doctors who are scrupulously hones with their patients; it contributes to the spiral of lawsuits and of "defensive medicine," and thus it injures, in turn, the entire medical profession.Sharp conflicts are now arising. Patients are learning to press for answers. Patients' bills of rights require that they be informed about their condition and about alternatives for treatment. Many doctors go to great lengths to provide such information. Yet even in hospitals with the most eloquent bill of rights, believers in benevolent deception continue their age-old practices. Colleagues may disapprove but refrain from objecting. Nurses may bitterly resent having to take part, day after day, in deceiving patients, but feel powerless to take a stand.There is urgent need to debate this issue openly. Not only in medicine, but in other professions as well, practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences seem avoidable only through deception. Yet the public has every reason to be wary of professional deception, for such practices are peculiarly likely to become deeply rooted, to spread, and to erode trust. Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying, "What you don't know can't hurt you."撒谎还是不撒谎——医生的难题医生可以对病人撒谎吗?医生应该告诉病人他已经病入膏肓了吗?这些问题看起来很简单，但是要给出令人满意的回答却并不那么简单。

lieornottolie课文原文
（最新版）
目录
1.课文原文概述
2.课文的主要内容和结构
3.课文的价值观和教育意义
正文
《lie or not to lie》是一篇关于诚信和社会道德的课文。

文章通过一个生动的故事，引导读者思考谎言和诚实的关系，以及如何在现实生活中做出正确的选择。

文章的故事情节很简单，讲述了一位年轻人在面对一个道德抉择时，选择了说谎，结果却导致了一系列的不良后果。

通过这个故事，作者向读者传达了一个明确的信息：诚实是一种美德，而谎言只会带来麻烦和损失。

然而，故事并没有停留在简单的道德判断上，而是深入探讨了谎言和诚实的复杂性。

作者指出，有时候，我们需要为了保护他人的感受或者避免冲突而说出善意的谎言。

这种情况下，谎言并不一定是错误的，反而可能是一种美德。

在这种情况下，如何判断何时该说谎，何时该诚实，就成了一个重要的问题。

文章最后，作者提出了一个思考的角度：我们应该根据我们的动机和意图来判断是否该说谎。

如果我们的动机是善良的，我们的意图是避免伤害他人，那么即使我们说出了谎言，也是无罪的。

总的来说，《lie or not to lie》是一篇深入浅出地探讨诚信和社会道德问题的课文。

它通过一个生动的故事，引导读者思考谎言和诚实的关系，以及如何在现实生活中做出正确的选择。

第1页共1页。

Unit 5事实如此，我们孤独无依地生活着。

据最近的统计，共有2,200万人独自生活在自己的住所里。

其中有些人喜欢这种生活，有些却不喜欢。

有些离了婚，有些鳏寡无伴，也有些从未结过婚。

孤独或许是这里的一种民族弊病，我们羞于承认它，甚于其他任何罪恶。

而另一方面，故意选择独处，拒绝别人的陪伴而非为同伴所弃，却是美国式英雄的一个特点。

孤独的猎人或探险者去鹿群和狼群中冒险，征服广袤的荒野时，并不需要有人陪伴。

梭罗独居在湖畔的小屋，有意疏离了城市生活。

现在，这成了你的个性。

独处的灵感是诗人和哲学家最有用的东西。

他们都赞成独处，都因能够独处而自视甚高，至少在他们匆忙赶回家喝茶之前的一两个小时之内是这样。

就拿多萝西·华兹华斯来说吧，她帮哥哥威廉穿上外衣，为他找到笔记本和铅笔，向他挥手告别，目送他走进早春的阳光去独自对花沉思。

他写道：“独处多么优雅，惬意。

”毫无疑问，如果自愿独处，感觉要好得多。

看看弥尔顿的女儿们：她们为他准备好垫子和毯子，然后蹑手蹑脚地走开，以便他能创作诗歌。

然而他并不自己费神将诗歌写下来，而是唤回女儿们，向她们口述，由她们记下来。

也许你已经注意到，这些艺术家类型的人，大多是到户外独处，而家里则自有亲人备好了热茶，等着他们回家。

美国的独处代表人物是梭罗。

我们钦佩他，并非因为他能自力更生，而是因为他孤身一人在瓦尔登湖畔生活，他喜欢这样——独居在湖畔的树林中。

实际上，他最近的邻居离他只有一英里，走路也就20分钟；铁路离他半英里；交通繁忙的大路距他300码。

整天都有人进出他的小屋，请教他何以能够如此高洁。

显然，他的高洁之处主要在于：他既没有妻子也没有仆人，自己动手用斧头砍柴，自己洗杯洗碟。

我不知道谁为他洗衣服，他没说，但他也肯定没提是他自己洗。

听听他是怎么说的：“我从未发现比独处更好的伙伴。

”梭罗以自尊自重为伴。

也许这里的启示是：自我意识越强，就越不需要其他的人在周围。

我们越是感觉谦卑，就越受孤独的折磨，感到仅与自己相处远远不够。

第五单元残忍课文A有些人似乎容易了解：他们的个性在初次交往时就表露无遗。

然而，外表可能具有欺骗性。

患难之交S．毛姆三十年来，我一直研究我的人类同胞，但至今了解不多。

每当有人跟我说他对一个人的第一次印象向来不错的时候，我就耸耸肩。

我想这种人不是无知，就是自大。

拿我自己来说，我发现，认识一个人的时间越长，我就越感到困惑。

我产生这些想法，是因为我在今天早上的报纸上看到爱德华·海德·伯顿在神户去世的消息。

他是个商人，在日本经商多年。

我跟他并不熟，但是对他挺有兴趣，因为有一次他让我大吃一惊。

要不是听他亲口讲述这个故事，我根本不会相信他能做出这种事来。

这件事之所以特别令人惊讶，是因为无论是外表还是风度，他都让人想到一种非常明确的类型。

要说真有表里如一的人的话，那就是此公了。

他个子很小，身高不过5英尺4英寸，身材纤细，白头发、蓝眼睛，红红的脸上布满皱纹。

我估计自己认识他时，他大约有60岁光景。

他向来衣着整洁素雅，合乎他的年龄和身份。

伯顿的办事处设在神户，但他常常到横滨宋。

有一次，我正好因为等船，要在那里呆几天，在英国俱乐部经人介绍与他相识。

我们在一起玩桥牌。

他打得不错，牌风也好。

无论在玩牌的时候，还是在后来一起喝酒的时候，他的话都不多，但说的话却都合情合理。

他挺幽默，但并不咋呼。

他在俱乐部里似乎人缘不错，后来，在他走了以后，人家都说他是个顶呱呱的人。

事有凑巧，我们俩都住在格兰德大酒店。

第二天他请我吃饭。

我见到了他的太太——一位肥肥胖胖、满面笑容的半老妇人——和他的两个女儿。

这显然是和睦恩爱的一家人。

我想，伯顿当时给我印象最深的主要还是他这个人和善。

他那双温和的蓝眼睛有种令人愉快的神情。

他说话的声音轻柔；你无法想象他会提高嗓门大发雷霆；他的笑容和蔼可亲。

这个人吸引你，是因为你从他身上感到他对别人的真正的爱。

同时他也喜欢玩牌，喝鸡尾酒，他能绘声绘色地讲个来劲儿的段子什么的，他年轻时多少还是个运动员呢。

unit 1 Text A 爱情与逻辑：谬误的故事1 在我和室友罗伯的交易成功之后，我和波莉有了第一次约会。

那一年校园里每个人都有件皮夹克，而罗伯是校足球队员中唯一一个没有皮夹克的，他一想到这个就受不了，于是他和我达成了一项协议，用他的女友换取我的夹克。

他可不那么聪明，而他的女友波莉也不太精明。

2 但她漂亮而且富有，也没有把头发染成奇怪的颜色或是化很浓的妆。

她拥有合适的家庭背景，足以胜任一名坚忍而睿智的律师的女友。

如果我能够让我所申请的顶尖律师事务所看到我身边伴随着一位光彩照人、谈吐优雅的另一半，我就很有可能在竞聘中以微弱优势获胜。

3 “光彩照人”，她已经是了。

而我也能施予她足够多的“智慧之珠”，让她变得“谈吐优雅”。

4 在一起外出度过了美好的一天之后，我驱车来到了高速公路旁一座小山上一棵古老的大橡树下。

我的想法有些怪异。

而这个地方能够俯瞰灯火灿烂的城区，我觉得它会使人的心情变轻松。

我们呆在车子里，我调低了音响并把脚从刹车上挪开。

“我们要谈些什么？”她问道。

5 “逻辑学。

”6 “好酷啊，”她一边嚼着口香糖一边说。

7 “逻辑学的原理，”我说道，“即清晰思考的主要原则。

逻辑上出现的问题会歪曲事实，其中有些还很普遍。

我们先来看看一种叫做‘绝对判断’的逻辑谬误。

”8 “好啊，”她表示同意。

9 “‘绝对判断’是指在证据不足的情况下所做出的推断。

比方说：运动是有益的，所以每个人都应该运动。

”10 她点头表示赞同。

11我看得出她没弄明白。

“波莉，”我解释说，“这个推断太过简单化了。

如果你有心脏病或者超级肥胖症什么的，运动就变得有害而不是有益。

所以你应该说，运动对大多数人来说是有益的。

”12 “接下来是‘草率结论’。

这似乎不言自明，对吧？仔细听好了：你不会说法语，罗伯也不会说法语，那么这所学校里好像是没有人会说法语。

”13 “是吗？”波莉吃惊地说。

“没有人吗？”14 “这也是一种逻辑谬误，”我说，“这一结论太草率了，因为能够支持这一结论的例证太少了。

lieornottolie课文原文摘要：1.课文原文概述2.课文主题解析3.课文结构分析4.课文中的象征意义5.课文的社会意义正文：1.课文原文概述《lie or not to lie》是一篇探讨说谎问题，以莎士比亚名剧《哈姆雷特》中的经典台词“生存还是毁灭，这是个问题”为引子，深入剖析了人们在面对现实和道德选择时的两难境地。

文章通过生动的例子和深刻的思考，告诉我们在现实生活中，说谎与否都会对人产生重大影响。

2.课文主题解析课文的主题是关于说谎的道德问题。

作者从多个角度分析了说谎的必要性和无谓性，指出在某些情况下，说谎是必要的，甚至是道德的。

但在其他情况下，说谎会破坏人们之间的信任，导致道德沦丧。

因此，我们需要根据具体情况，权衡利弊，决定何时说谎，何时诚实。

3.课文结构分析课文结构分为三个部分：引言、正文和结论。

在引言部分，作者引用了莎士比亚的名言，为全文奠定了基调。

正文部分，作者分别从个人、社会和国家三个层面，探讨了说谎的合理性和危害性。

结论部分，作者总结了全文观点，强调了在面对说谎问题时，我们需要具备辨别力和判断力。

4.课文中的象征意义课文中，作者通过讲述“马克·吐温与19 世纪美国总统的谎言”的故事，象征地说明了在特定历史背景下，说谎有时是必要的，甚至可以改变一个国家的命运。

同时，故事中的主人公也暗示了人们在面对说谎问题时，应该具备独立思考的能力，勇于承担责任。

5.课文的社会意义《lie or not to lie》一文深刻地剖析了说谎问题，对我们在日常生活中如何处理说谎问题具有重要的指导意义。

课文使我们认识到，说谎并非都是不道德的，诚实也并非总是正确的。

我们需要在不同的情境下，根据具体情况，作出明智的选择。

Unit 5 TO LIE OR NOT TOLIE— THE DOCTOR'S DILEMMASissela BokIs it ever proper for a medical doctor to lie to his patient? Should he tell a patient he is dying? These questions seem simple enough, but it is not so simple to give a satisfactory answer to them. Now a new light is shed on them.Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patients -- to speed recovery or to conceal the approach of death? In medicine as in law, government, and other lines of work, the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed by greater needs: the need to shelter from brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy; to expose corruption or to promote the public interest.What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical checkup just before going on vacation with his family who, though he feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months? Is it best to tell him the truth? If he asks, should the doctors deny that he is ill, or minimize the gravity of the illness? Should they at least conceal the truth until after the family vacation?Doctors confront such choices often and urgently. At times, they see important reasons to lie for the patient's own sake; in their eyes, such lies differ sharply from self-serving ones.Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill do not want to know the truth about their condition, and that informing them risksdestroying their hope, so that they may recover more slowly, or deteriorate faster, perhaps even commit suicide. As one physician wrote: "Ours is a profession which traditionally has been guided by a precept that transcends the virtue of uttering the truth for truth's sake, and that is 'as far as possible do no harm.'"Armed with such a precept, a number of doctors may slip into deceptive practices that they assume will "do no harm" and may well help their patients. They may prescribe innumerable placebos, sound more encouraging than the facts warrant, and distort grave news, especially to the incurably ill and the dying.But the illusory nature of the benefits such deception is meant to produce is now coming to be documented. Studies show that, contrary to the belief of many physicians, an overwhelming majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about grave illness, and feel betrayed when they learn that they have been misled. We are also learning that truthful information, humanely conveyed, helps patients cope with illness: helps them tolerate pain better, need less medicine, and even recover faster after surgery.Not only do lies not provide the "help" hoped for by advocates of benevolent deception; they invade the autonomy of patients and render them unable to make informed choices concerning their own health, including the choice of whether to be patient in the first place. We are becoming increasingly aware of all that can befall patients in the course of their illness when information is denied or distorted.Dying patients especially -- who are easies to mislead and most often kept in the dark -- can then not make decisions about the end of life: about whether or notthey should enter a hospital, or have surgery; about where and with whom they should spend their remaining time; about how they should bring their affairs to a close and take leave.Lies also do harm to those who tell them: harm to their integrity and, in the long run, to their credibility. Lies hurt their colleagues as well. The suspicion of deceit undercuts the work of the many doctors who are scrupulously hones with their patients; it contributes to the spiral of lawsuits and of "defensive medicine," and thus it injures, in turn, the entire medical profession.Sharp conflicts are now arising. Patients are learning to press for answers. Patients' bills of rights require that they be informed about their condition and about alternatives for treatment. Many doctors go to great lengths to provide such information. Yet even in hospitals with the most eloquent bill of rights, believers in benevolent deception continue their age-old practices. Colleagues may disapprove but refrain from objecting. Nurses may bitterly resent having to take part, day after day, in deceiving patients, but feel powerless to take a stand.There is urgent need to debate this issue openly. Not only in medicine, but in other professions as well, practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences seem avoidable only through deception. Yet the public has every reason to be wary of professional deception, for such practices are peculiarly likely to become deeply rooted, to spread, and to erode trust. Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying, "What you don't know can't hurt you."撒谎还是不撒谎——医生的难题医生可以对病人撒谎吗?医生应该告诉病人他已经病入膏肓了吗?这些问题看起来很简单，但是要给出令人满意的回答却并不那么简单。

Unit 5 TO LIE OR NOT TOLIE— THE DOCTOR'S DILEMMASissela BokIs it ever proper for a medical doctor to lie to his patient? Should he tell a patient he is dying? These questions seem simple enough, but it is not so simple to give a satisfactory answer to them. Now a new light is shed on them.Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patients -- to speed recovery or to conceal the approach of death? In medicine as in law, government, and other lines of work, the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed by greater needs: the need to shelter from brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy; to expose corruption or to promote the public interest.What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical checkup just before going on vacation with his family who, though he feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months? Is it best to tell him the truth? If he asks, should the doctors deny that he is ill, or minimize the gravity of the illness? Should they at least conceal the truth until after the family vacation?Doctors confront such choices often and urgently. At times, they see important reasons to lie for the patient's own sake; in their eyes, such lies differ sharply from self-serving ones.Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill do not want to know the truth about their condition, and that informing them risks destroying their hope, so that they may recover more slowly, or deteriorate faster, perhaps even commit suicide. As one physician wrote: "Ours is a profession which traditionally has been guided by a precept that transcends the virtue of uttering the truth for truth's sake, and that is 'as far as possible do no harm.'"Armed with such a precept, a number of doctors may slip into deceptive practices that they assume will "do no harm" and may well help their patients. They may prescribe innumerable placebos, sound more encouraging than the facts warrant, and distort grave news, especially to the incurably ill and the dying.But the illusory nature of the benefits such deception is meant to produce is now coming to be documented. Studies show that, contrary to the belief of many physicians, an overwhelming majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about grave illness, and feel betrayed when they learn that they have been misled. We are also learning that truthful information, humanely conveyed, helps patients cope with illness:helps them tolerate pain better, need less medicine, and even recover faster after surgery.Not only do lies not provide the "help" hoped for by advocates of benevolent deception; they invade the autonomy of patients and render them unable to make informed choices concerning their own health, including the choice of whether to be patient in the first place. We are becoming increasingly aware of all that can befall patients in the course of their illness when information is denied or distorted.Dying patients especially -- who are easies to mislead and most often kept in the dark -- can then not make decisions about the end of life: about whether or not they should enter a hospital, or have surgery; about where and with whom they should spend their remaining time; about how they should bring their affairs to a close and take leave.Lies also do harm to those who tell them: harm to their integrity and, in the long run, to their credibility. Lies hurt their colleagues as well. The suspicion of deceit undercuts the work of the many doctors who are scrupulously hones with their patients; it contributes to the spiral of lawsuits and of "defensive medicine," and thus it injures, in turn, the entire medical profession.Sharp conflicts are now arising. Patients are learning to press for answers. Patients' bills of rights require that they be informed about their condition and about alternatives for treatment. Many doctors go to great lengths to provide such information. Yet even in hospitals with the most eloquent bill of rights, believers in benevolent deception continue their age-old practices. Colleagues may disapprove but refrain from objecting. Nurses may bitterly resent having to take part, day after day, in deceiving patients, but feel powerless to take a stand.There is urgent need to debate this issue openly. Not only in medicine, but in other professions as well, practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences seem avoidable only through deception. Yet the public has every reason to be wary of professional deception, for such practices are peculiarly likely to become deeply rooted, to spread, and to erode trust. Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying, "What you don't know can't hurt you."撒谎还是不撒谎——医生的难题医生可以对病人撒谎吗?医生应该告诉病人他已经病入膏肓了吗?这些问题看起来很简单，但是要给出令人满意的回答却并不那么简单。

全新版大学英语阅读教程4Unit 1 In the Frozen Waters of Qomolangma,I learned the Value of Humility在结冰的珠穆朗玛峰,我学会了谦虚的价值2007年7月15日,我游过一个开放的补丁的海洋在北极突出的北极冰雪融化的海冰。

Three years later, I remember it as if it were yesterday. 三年后,我记得这件事仿佛就发生在昨天。

I recall walking to the edge of the sea and thinking: I've never seen anything so frightening in my life. 我记得走到的边缘海和思考:我从未见过任何东西这么可怕的在我的生命中。

There were giant chunks of ice in the water, which was –1.7C (29F) and utterly black.,,从看着我的手指。

They had swollen to the size of sausages. 他们已膨胀到香肠的大小。

The majority of the human body is water and when water freezes, it expands. 大多数人的身体是水和水结冰时扩大。

The cells in my fingers had frozen, swollen and burst. 这些细胞在我的手指已经冻结了膨胀和破灭。

I had never felt anything so excruciating. 我感到从未有过的任何痛苦。

My nerve cells were so badly damaged it was four months before I could feel my hands again. 我的神经细胞被严重的损害它是四个月之前,我能感觉到我的手再一次。

狱中学习今天，许多当面或在电视上听我讲话的人，或者那学读到我讲话的人都以为我的学历远远不止八年级，这一印象完全归功于我在监狱中的学习。

这是在查尔斯顿监狱真正开始的，当时宾比第一次让我对他渊博的只是感到羡慕，无论参与什么交谈，宾比总是起着主导作用，而我也曾经试图效仿他。

但是我找到的饿、每本书中，几乎每句句子都有一个以上甚至几乎全部的单词我压根儿不认识。

当我跳过那些词时，我最终当谈不知道书中所云。

所以我来到诺福克监狱时，仍然只有看看书的意愿。

要不是后来获得了动力，我本来很快就会连这些愿望也丢弃的。

我明白我最好是能弄到一本字典--为的是学习，学学一些单词。

幸好我还想到应该努力提高一下自己的书写水平。

我的书写很糟糕，甚至于不能将字卸载一条直线上。

这两个想法促使我要求诺福克监狱学校给我一本字典以及一些便笺簿和铅笔。

头两天我还拿不定主意，只是随便翻了翻字典。

我从来没有意识到会有那么多单词！我不知道哪些词是我需要学习的，最后，为了开始某种行动，我便开始了抄写。

我吧印在第一页上的所有东西甚至标点符号，慢慢地费力地，歪歪斜斜地抄到我的便笺簿里。

我记得那花了我一整天的时间。

然后，我便把写在便笺簿上的每个单词大声的读给自己听。

我一遍又一遍地把自己写的东西大声读给自己听。

第二天早上醒来时我还想着那些词--我无比自豪的意识到，我不仅一下子写了那么多，还写了许多我从来不知道存在于这个世界上的词。

而且，我稍微动一下脑筋还能记得其中许多次的意思。

我复习了哪些被我忘记了意思的单词。

有趣的是，就在此刻，词典第一页的“土豚”一次竟跳入了我的脑海中。

字典上有它的衣服一幅插图，一种长尾、长耳、会挖洞的非洲哺乳动物，以白蚁为食，像食蚁动物捕食蚂蚁那样伸出舌头来捕食白蚁。

我完全被迷住了，于是又继续干下去--我抄写了字典的下一页。

当我学习它时我获得了同样的体验。

随着以后的每一页，我还了解人物、地方和历史事件。

实际上字典就像一部小型百科全书。

最后，字典的A部分超满了整本便笺簿--于是我继续抄写B部分。

TLiernttLie-1200字T Lie r nt t Lie“T Lie rnt t Lie”is hard t answer.As the saying ges “Everything has tw cins”.In my pinin I think it depends n different situatins.Under sme circumstance we need and must lie.Frexample if ur dear relatives friends and clleaguessuffered serius diseases we shall keep a secret and culd lie t them inrder t make them be cheerful .If we d that they will have the curage tdefeat the diseases rather than increase t heir cnditins .This is called “WhiteLie”.In additin in sme special cases we must lie .Facing with evilders wecan’t tell the truth fr ur safety’s sake.We must fight with them nt byfrce but wisdm.It’s essential fr us t lie in prper and special time.In mst t ime we shuldn’t lie.First fall hnesty is a gd virtue fr ur Chinese.Everybdy heard the stry----CryWlf.The little shepherd lay t peple several times just fr fun.But whenwlves really came n ne came t help.Only when we treatthers with sincerityand hnesty can we be treated in the same way.Secndly we shuld be hnestin ur wrk study and educatin and s n because it is the basic quality ta man.As the prverb ges“Justice has lng arms”but“Lie has shrt legs”It prves that we shuldn’t lie in mstinstances.“T Lie r nt t Lie”desn’t have nlyne answer.We can make a wise decisin based n ur right judgment.。

新标准大学英语综合教程4教师用书unit5课文翻译Unit5Translation of the passagesActive reading (1)英国人说闲话规则的性别差异与普遍的看法相反，研究人员发现：男人和女人一样爱说闲话。

英国的一项研究发现：两个性别的人对诸如人际关系这类的社会话题所花的时间一样多，大约是65%；另一项研究则表明：两性差异很小，男人谈话时有55% 的时间在说闲话，女人说闲话的时间是67%。

由于体育和休闲大约占10% 的说话时间，所以很可能是谈论足球的时间导致了这种性别的差异。

男人谈论政治、职业、艺术及文化事务等‚重要‛或‚高雅‛话题的可能性并不比女人高，除非女人在场（这就形成了强烈的对比）。

女人不在场的时候，男人也说闲话，他们谈论职业和政治等社会问题的时间不会超过5%。

男女都在场时，为了引起女人的注意，男人谈论‚高雅‛话题的时间会大大增加，达到15% 至20%。

事实上，最近的研究表明，男性和女性说闲话在内容上只存在一个重要的差别：男人会花更多的时间谈论自己。

在谈论社会关系的总时间中，男人用了三分之二的时间来谈论自己的关系，而女人谈论自己的时间则只占三分之一。

即便如此，那个关于男人讨论‚解决世界上问题‛而女人只是躲在厨房里闲言碎语的神话仍然大行其道，尤其是在男人堆里。

在我所调查的人群及面谈中，大多数英国男性刚开始时都声称他们不说闲话，而大多数女性都坦承自己说闲话。

在接下来的提问中，我发现两者的差别只在于语义层面而非实践层面：女性通常称为‚说闲话‛的活动在男性那里被定义为‚信息交流‛。

显然，在英国男性眼里说闲话是一件可耻的事情，这条不成文的规则已经深入人心，因此就算一个人真的在说闲话，他也会把它说成是另一回事。

更重要的是，它必须听起来像是在说别的事。

在研究中我发现男女说闲话的主要区别在于女人说闲话听起来更像闲言碎语。

这涉及到三个主要因素——音调规则、细节规则和反馈规则。

语调规则我面谈过的英国女人都认为只有某种特别的语调适合于说闲话。

Unit 1 Active reading (1)大学毕业找工作的第一要义：别躺在沙发上做梦More than 650,000 students left university this summer and many have no idea about the way to get a job.How tough should a parent be to galvanize them in these financially fraught times?今年夏天，超过 65万的大学生毕业离校，其中有许多人根本不知道怎么找工作。

在当今金融危机的背景下，做父母的该如何激励他们？In July,you looked on as your handsome 21-year-old son,dressed in gown and mortarboard,proudly clutched his honours degree for his graduation photo.Those memories of forking out thousands of pounds a year so that he could eat well and go to the odd party,began to fade.Until now.七月，你看着 21岁英俊的儿子穿上学士袍，戴上四方帽，骄傲地握着优等学士学位证书，拍毕业照。

这时，记忆中每年支付几千英镑，好让儿子吃好、能参加奇特聚会的印象开始消退。

总算熬到头了。

As the summer break comes to a close and students across the country prepare for the start of a new term,you find that your graduate son is still spending days slumped in front of the television,broken only by texting,Facebook and visits to the pub.This former scion of Generation Y has morphed overnight into a member of Generation Grunt.Will he ever get a job?等到暑假快要结束，全国各地的学生正在为新学期做准备的时候，你发现大学毕业的儿子还歪躺在沙发上看电视。