新标准大学英语视听说教程(2)听力原文_Unit 8

新标准大学英语视听说教程2 听力原文Unit 1 College cultureInside viewConversation 1Janet ：So this is the Cherwell Boathouse –it’s lovely! And look at those people punting! It looksquite easy.Mark ：I’m not so sure about that! Janet, there’s something Kate and I wanted to discuss with you.Some people in college are organizing charity events this term. We’ve decided to get involved. Janet ：Raising money for charity? Right. In China, people raise money for charity but students don’t usually do that.Mark ：Students often do that here. Anyway, we’re thinking of doing sponsored punting. Janet ：Sponsored punting! What’s that?Kate ：Sponsoring is when people pay you to do something –like run a long distance. So peoplewould be sponsoring students to punt.Janet ：What a great idea! I’d love to join you!Mark ：That’s why we’re telling you about it. So that’s decided then. Let’s make a list of things we need to do.Kate ：I’ll do that. One of the first things we should do is choose the charity.Mark ：Yes. And choose a day for the event. And we need to design the sponsorship form. I’ve gotone here.Kate ：That looks fine, but we must change the wording. Who wants to do that?Mark ：I’ll do that. What have we got so far?Kate ：Choose a charity. Also a day for the event. Change the wording on the sponsorship form …Um …We have to decide where the punt will start from.Mark ：Cherwell Boathouse, no question! It's a very beautiful route from here, apparently. Kate ：I’m with you on that.Janet ：Me too …Conversation2Janet ：I’m not used to boats –Woah!Mark ：Whoops!Kate ：Watch out! You nearly hit me with that thing!Mark ：Sorry! I didn’t mean to. …OK, we’re off!Kate ：Maybe I should do the punting.Mark ：It’s fine. I’ve got the hang of it now –give me a chance.Kate ：Well, I’d like to have a go.Mark ：Supposing I do the first hour. Then you can take over for a while, if you want to. Kate ：Yes, great.Janet ：You’re really good at it, Mark! This is fantastic! It’s exactly how I imagined lifehere! Look over there –isn’t it lovely!Kate ：Yes, it is.…Janet ：Kate, everything’s organized, isn’t it, for collecting the sponsorship money?Kate ：Yes, I’ve arranged for people to get the money to me by next Friday –if they haven’t paidonline. I’ll count it all up.Janet ：Good. We’d better have a meeting soon after that, don’t you think? How much have we raised?Kate ：About 600.Janet：Fantastic! I’m so enjoying this!Mark ：Hey guys, I’ve got a suggestion –how about moving over to the bank and we can have ourpicnic! Hey, look, there’s Louise and Sophie!Mark ：Whoo …Girls：Mark!Janet ：Are you all right?Mark ：Er …Of course I’m all right. Kate, I think it’s your turn to punt!Outside viewV/O （画外音）Harvard University in Cambridge is one of the best universities in the world. We spoke to Alex Jude, the university’s Head of Communications. He explained that Harvard looks for the best and most talented students from around the world.AlexHarvard actually seeks students from around the world, the best students that we can find, to study chemistry, or study literature, or study government, or business. Our business school is particularly well-known around the world, as is the medical school and law school, so, um, and, and the Kennedy School of government, for the John F. Kennedy School of Government, so, er, we do seek very, very talented students and we have open doors for them.V/O （画外音）We asked five students at Harvard to tell us what kind of social life they have.AshleyUm, well relaxing is a little hard to do around here, but basically, I mean, I still, I, I live nearby anyway, so I see a lot of my friends, and …Um, there’s a good social life here if you look for it. I go to the gym, run. So that’s what I do.AdamIt is whatever you want it to be. It’s good. If you wanna go out party, do anything you can. If you wanna sit in your room and study all night like my friend over here, you can also do that. Brian Socially, like you said, it’s, it’s a lot of what you make it. Um, we don’t have fraternities here, and so, you know, that’s, it’s obviously not as social. There’s not as many parties as there would be on another campus. Um, but on a Friday or Saturday night, there, there, there will be a party. Usually we end up studying until about 10 o’clock. And then we, and then we’ll go out and have fun maybe, or just watch a movie with friends, or, you know, whatever is going on for the night. JodieNot everyone would agree with me, obviously, but it’s, I think it’s a fun place to be. Interviewer: Have you made a lot of friends?Jodie : Oh, definitely.Interview. ：Mm.Jodie: Many.Interviewer: What, what do you do with your friends?Jodie: Um, well, I like to go to concerts. I’m in three music groups, so I have lots of rehearsals during the week for that. Um, just do, you know, some fun things, on the weekend.V/O （画外音）We asked the Harvard students if they use the Internet.Ashley: Um, I, I use it a fairly good amount. Um, our library system is online, so I use that a lot. And a lot of my classes, you know, have to do research papers. You can find a lot of information on there, so.Interviewer: So how often do you use it, a week, a day?Ashley: Um, I use it probably on more of a weekly basis. Maybe three or four times a week. Brian: Oh yes, definitely. We live through the Internet actually. Well, I do a lot of research through the Internet, follow my stocks on the Internet. Um, well, even though e-mail is not officially Internet, we, that’s how we communicate a lot at college, so, through the e-mail. John: Um, I use the internet mostly for, er, I’d say, sort of leisure purposes. I mean, I play, um, I use it for a lot of, I don’t, we don’t have TV in my room, so I use it, uh, uh, go to the CNN website, keep up on current events, things like that. Uh, I also, uh, you know, there’s some little games to play over the Internet. Um, just um, I go to to see what’s happening, follow the Boston Red Sox, things like that. Um, I think a lot of courses use it to post things, but I, I don’t usually use it that much for research, or things. I tend to use the libraries for such things, so.Listening inPassage 1Voice-overHi, I’m Nick Carter, and this is SUR, your university radio station. This morning we went around campus to ask freshers –now half-way through their first year –the question, ―How are you finding uni?‖Here are some of the answers we got.Speaker 1It’s cool. It’s everything I hoped it would be. I’m very ambitious, I want to be a journalist and I want to get to the top of the profession. I’ve started writing for the university newspaper so I’ve got my foot on the ladder already.Speaker 2I’m working hard and the teaching is as good as I expected. And I’ve made some good friends. But I’m very homesick. I’m Nigerian and my family’s so far away. I went home at Christmas for a month –that really helped, but man, I miss my family so much.Speaker 3“How am I finding uni?‖It’s great. It’s not perfect, nothing is, but, like, I’ve got a brilliant social life, just brilliant, and I’ve made lots of friends. For the first few months I just didn’t do, really enough work. But I –I talked about it with my parents and I’m working harder now and getting good grades.Speaker 4Actually, I’ve been quite lonely to be honest. I’m a bit shy …everyone else seemed to find it so easy to make friends straight away. But things have been better recently –yeah, they have. I’ve joined a couple of clubs and like, it really helps to get to know people when you have shared interests. So, yeah –I’m feeling a lot happier now.Speaker 5Uni’s great, I love it. My only problem –and it’s quite a big problem –is money. My parents are both unemployed so, you know, they can’t help me financially. My grant just isn’t –it’s just not enough for me to live on, so I’ve taken a part-time job as a waitress –a lot of people I know, like a lot, have had to do the same. I don’t want to have huge debts at the end. Speaker 6I love my subject, History, and I’m, I’m getting fantastic teaching here. I want to be a university lecturer and that means I have to get a first. I have a good social life but work definitely comes first for me.Passage 2Oxford and Cambridge –two universities so similar that they are often spoken of together as “Oxbridge‖. They’re both in the UK, fairly near London, and both regularly come top in any ranking of the world’s best universities.The two universities began within a century of each other. Oxford University, now 900 years old, was founded towards the end of the 11th century. In 1209 there was a dispute between the university and the townspeople of Oxford. As a result, some of the Oxford teachers left and founded a university in the town of Cambridge, some 84 miles away. Ever since then, the two institutions have been very competitive.Unlike most modern universities, both Oxford and Cambridge consist of a large number of colleges. Oxford has 39 and Cambridge 31. Many of these colleges have old and very beautiful architecture, and large numbers of tourists visit them.In all UK universities, you need good grades in the national exams taken at 18. But to get into Oxford and Cambridge, it’s not enough to get A grades in your exams. You also have to go for a long interview. In these interviews, students need to show that they are creative and capable of original thinking.Through the centuries, both universities have made huge contributions to British cultural life. They have produced great writers, world leaders and politicians. Cambridge, in particular, has produced scientists whose discoveries and inventions have changed our lives.Among the great university institutions is the world’s most famous debating society, the Oxford Union, where undergraduates get a chance to practise speaking in public. Cambridge’s comedy clubFootlights has produced many first-class comedians, while some of the UK’s most famous actors and actresses began their careers at The Oxford University Dramatic Society, known as OUDS. Then there’s the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race, which takes place every year in March or April, and is watched on television all over the UK.So with all this excellence in so many fields, it’s not surprising that the ambition of clever students all over the world is to attend either one of these great universities.Unit 2 Mixed feelingsInside viewConversation 1Kate ：Come in. Hey, Janet.Janet ：Hi Kate, are you busy?Kate ：Yes, I’m just doing an essay. But it’s great to see you. So what’s new?Janet ：Well, nothing much.Kate ：You look a bit fed up. What’s bugging you?Janet ：Well, I had a phone call from my parents and it made me feel homesick. It happens every time they call, and it gets me down.Kate ：I’m sorry to hear that. I know how you feel. I love speaking to my mum and dad, but I always feel miserable after the call.Janet ：My dad doesn’t say much, and I want to speak to him, but I wish I knew what to say. Kate ：Don’t let it get to you. My dad doesn’t say much on the phone either. I call, he answers the phone, and says, ―Hi, I’ll pass you to your mother.‖It’s really irritating.Janet ：But I miss him and my mother a lot, and I like to hear his voice.Kate ：Just tell him what you’re up to.Janet ：Sometimes I feel as if I made a mistake leaving home and coming to Oxford. Sometimes I feel like a moody teenager.Kate ：Try not to worry about it, Janet. It’s normal to feel like that. I understand how you feel, butI bet everything will be fine next term. You’ll get used to it. Hey, why don’t you do what I do? Janet ：What’s that?Kate ：When my dad calls, I ask him for more money! He usually says no, but at least I getto hear his voice!Janet ：Maybe. I’m sorry to take up your time, Kate, but I must go now. Bye!Kate ：Wait a minute …!Conversation 2Kate ：I think I may have upset Janet last night.Mark : What happened?Kate ：She came to see me. I was busy doing an essay but I was really pleased to see her. She’d had a call from home, and said she was feeling homesick.Mark : Poor kid! It must be tough on you guys, living so far away from home.Kate ：I tried to make her laugh, told her not to worry about it, and that it was normal to feel miserable. Suddenly she looked miserable, and then she got up and said, ―I must go now‖and left my room. It was really sudden. I felt as if I’d said something wrong.Mark ：Maybe she was just being polite. It was probably because she realized you were workingand didn’t want to disturb you.Kate ：I just wonder if she found it difficult to talk about her feelings with me. Maybe I shouldn’thave tried to make her laugh? Perhaps she thought I wasn’t taking her seriously.Mark ：I wouldn’t worry about it. Put yourself in her shoes. How would you feel if you were a student at college in China?Kate ：I know. That’s why I feel bad. If only she had stayed longer! I wish I could have helped her more.Janet ：Hey, everyone!Mark ：Hi Janet, you look cheerful!Janet ：Yes, I’ve just got my essay back. I got an alpha minus!Kate ：What an amazing grade! Well done.Mark ：I’m really happy for you, Janet.Janet ：I feel on top of the world!Outside viewSebastienHi. I’m Sebastien. I’m from Germany. Um, the idea of IQ of a measure of your brain power has been around for a while, but recently there’s been this new idea of the EQ –your emotional quotient. And by now, it’s actually almost being regarded as more important. If you look at it, businesses will ...Well, they will prefer employing people with great EQ. Well, of course, IQ cannot be disregarded, but um, EQ does have its importance as well. Uh, I believe that, um, (I)mean, people, most people will have, um, their basic means of communicating with other people. Most people are somewhat socially adept, and just like most people have, you know, a basic general knowledge. But then, what I think really is the difference betweenIQ and EQ, I mean, you can have a ―brainiac‖, and they will be great at most things they do, but if you just can’t get along with him, if you just can’t communicate with him, I mean, you know, he’s not really that useful.KimHi. This is Kim. I’m originally from Korea, and I was raised in California. And today, we are going to talk about the differences between IQ and EQ –IQ meaning your intelligence, EQ meaning your emotions. Now, in ...When I was, when I was a little, little boy in Korea, I had to take (I)think I’d taken like two or three IQ tests before the age of ten, which is when I moved to California. So, I guess we stress a lot of importance on intelligence, on having great IQ scores. But after I moved to the States, I learnt how to associate with people, and along the lines that this word EQ came up, you know, emotional, caring about …It’s basically how you deal with people, how you make people feel, and how people make you feel. I think they’re equally as, as important, but it seems that in the Eastern world they kind of stress on that a lot more back in the days. But I think again, you know, now that with Internet and people are communicating so much faster, there’s a better mixture of the two I think. There’s a stress on EQ in Korea as well, and a stress on IQ in the States. Thank you.TedHello. My name is Ted, and I’m from the United States of America. Today, I’m going to talk a little bit about IQ or EQ –which is most important, or which is more important. Now, for a long time when I was growing up, people said, ―IQ. What’s your IQ? Take an IQ test.‖But then EQ, your emotions, how you interact with people, that became very important. And I think they’re …that people might be onto something with that, because your EQ –how you deal with people, how you interact with people –is important. Now, a big part of this, in my opinion, is listening. I know I’m talking a lot right now, but if you want to get along well with people, you have to listen to them, so just take a minute, maybe shut your mouth for a minute, and listen to others, and then you can understand and communicate with them in a better way. So, part of EQ, I think, is listening –listening to others –and it can be more important than IQ.Listening inPassage 1Presenter: We’re fortunate to have as our guest today Dr Jenna Hudson, who has just written a book about how colours affect us in our surroundings, especially in the world of advertising. It’s called Market Colours. Dr Hudson, which are the most common colours in advertising andmarketing?Dr Hudson :Well, of course, it depends what image the marketing team wish to project with their products. So for example, we often think of blue as a cold colour, but it also makes you feel peaceful, quiet, and it doesn’t suggest strong emotions. So it’s a favourite for banks and insurance companies, who wish to suggest the image that they are trustworthy. And for selling products, it’s often used to suggest something is pure and fresh.Presenter: What about red?Dr Hudson: You can sell almost anything with red. It’s a hot colour, which suggests a feeling of energy and even passion. It grabs your attention, and can make people buy almost anything. You often see red on magazine covers. But if you use it too much, it looks cheap and may make people tired. And orange has a similar effect to red, it’s upbeat and happy, it suggests pleasant feelings and images. Most people react well to orange, and it’s especially popular in advertising and on packaging for baked food.Presenter: What about yellow, for instance?Dr Hudson: Yellow is the colour of sunshine and it’s a positive, happy colour, so it’s used a lot in advertising. But it’s also often used for warning signs, direction signs, and so on, where you have to read the message quickly and at a distance.Presenter: What about less popular colours for advertising?Dr Hudson: Surprisingly, green isn’t used much in advertising except for garden products. It’s friendly and restful. It can be cool and soothing, the colour of apples and mint, but it can also be quite strong and many people associate it with unpleasant ideas of decay or slimy creatures. But most colours are not primary colours, they’re a combination. Absolutely. So yellow-orange is common, and often used to give animpression of style and class, it looks like gold. But it’s not often used in letters because it’s not very strong. And yellow-green reminds people of feeling sick. Blue-green works well as a cool colour, suggesting freshness, and is sometimes used for toothpaste products, bathroom products, food and household cleaning products. It has many of the advantages of blue without the disadvantages of green.Presenter: Fascinating！Thank you very much, Dr Hudson. Market Colours by Dr Jenna Hudson is on sale from next week, priced ￡15.99 …Passage 2Presenter ：What makes you embarrassed, Sally?Sally ：Oh, I’m easily embarrassed. If anybody notices me or looks at me, I get very embarrassed. When people sing me Happy Birthday on my birthday, I get very embarrassed.Presenter ：And what makes you upset?Sally ：When people are selfish, people who think only of themselves. And cruelty –I can’t bear people who are cruel, especially to animals or children.Presenter ：Jake, what makes you depressed?Jake ：I hate it when it rains, and I don’t like people who look down on me, who think they’re superior to me without any reason.Presenter ：And what makes you angry?Jake ：When people don’t behave properly in public, bad behaviour like dropping litter or people pushing each other on the bus or the train.Presenter ：Andrew, what makes you cheerful?Andrew ：I like to see everyone around me being happy and having a positive attitude towardsthefuture, optimistic people.Presenter ：And what makes you jealous?Andrew ：Well, to be honest, I just never feel jealous. I can’t see the point of it.Presenter ：Monica, what makes you proud?Monica ：I’m proud when I’m successful, especially in my work. Being recognized by my boss for what I can do makes me feel really proud. Oh, and my family. I’m very proud of them. Presenter ：And what makes you nervous?Monica ：Every time I teach a new class. The night before I’m very nervous. You don’t know what the kids are going to be like and how they might behave, or if they’re going to like you. Presenter ：Anything else?Monica ：Doing interviews like this.Unit 3 Crime watchInside viewConversation 1Kate ：So, what did you think of the movie?Mark ：It was good but I thought it was too long.Kate ：Yes, me too.Kate ：Hey, where’s my bike? I don’t believe it! It’s gone!Mark ：It was next to mine, you chained it up!Kate ：Someone’s stolen it! Oh, how could they!Mark: Oh, Kate!Kate ：How could someone have done this! The creep!Mark ：It’s a really mean thing to do, steal a bike.Kate ：It was a mountain bike and it cost a fortune –I don’t have the money to buy another one. Mark ：Listen, I’ll go down the street and see if I can see anyone with it. Why don’t you go intothat shop and see if they’ve seen anything suspicious? I’ll be back in a minute.Kate ：OK.…Kate ：Well?Mark ：No luck. What did they say in the shop?Kate ：I asked the shopkeeper if she’d seen anything –Mark ：And?Kate ：She said she hadn’t. I guess it was a long shot. She advised me to report it to the police. But according to her, bikes get stolen all the time around here.Mark ：Listen, let’s get back so you can report it.Kate ：I’ve got no bike. I’m just so upset!Mark ：It’s not far to college. Come on!Conversation 2Mark ：So did you ring the police?Kate ：Yes. I went to the police station to report it.Mark ：What did they say?Kate ：No one’s found it. This woman said that Oxford has the fifth highest rate of bike theftin the country!Mark ：You’re joking!Kate ：That’s what she said.Mark ：What else did she say?Kate ：She told me that sometimes you do get bikes back –the thieves use them and then abandonthem, apparently, and then people find them and report them.Mark ：So you might get it back.Kate ：I hope so, Mark, I really do. It’s just too much you know? But …um …what else? She told me to go to this sale they have of abandoned bikes. She thinks I might find it there. But it’s only every two months, I can’t wait till then! Honestly, Mark, I’m really furious! Mark ：You can always buy a cheap bike on eBay.Kate ：Hello …Speaking …You found it! Where was it? Is it …? Oh, that’s fantastic news! There was a lamp and a basket on it …Right …OK, thank you, I’ll be in tomorrow morning to pick it up. Unbelievable! This guy found it!Mark ：Brilliant! Was that the police?Kate ：Yes. What they said was, someone dumped it outside this guy’s backyard.Mark ：That’s so strange!Kate ：The lamp’s been stolen and the basket.Mark ：Forget about it! You’re lucky to get it back!Outside viewPart 1Presenter: Dodgy deals aren’t the only problems associated with doorstep sellers. Your doorstep presents these unannounced visitors with a real opportunity to undertake distraction burglary where they often pose as bogus officials to gain access to your home.I’m joined now by Ian Holt, from Thames Valley Police. Ian, just outline for me what does distraction burglary actually entail?Ian Holt: Well basically what happens is, somebody uses a story to get inside somebody’s house and then they steal items, usually cash or small items of jewellery.Presenter: And what are the different techniques that are commonly used?Ian Holt: Well basically the er …the people that commit this crime move from area to area, er …they will look at an area, they will try and pick a particular target and they can find that by looking at property, it may beer, an uncut garden, it may be repairs that need doing to the property. Something that indicates that there’s, there’s a vulnerable person in there. It …usually, it’s an elderly person that lives there.Presenter: Is this quite a common problem now?Ian Holt: It is becoming more common. To get it in perspective, of the 14,000 burglaries that were in Thames Valley last year, we had reported 800 crimes of distraction burglary. But, it …there’s a slight increase this year over last year’s figures.Presenter: OK, you mentioned some of the victims being elderly. What other people are targeted? Ian Holt: Well, unfortunately, with this type of offence, it is the vulnerable in society and the elderly. The, the national average, if there’s such a thing as a, a victim for this type of crime, is a white female aged 81 years.Part 2Presenter: And what about things that people can do to prevent it happening, basically?Ian Holt: Well the things they can do are very, very simple. The difficulty comes, is that some of these people, er …it’s very difficult for them to remember what to do. But the three things we, we always say is: stop, chain and check. And that’s stop before you open the door to make sure who’s on the other side. Always apply a chain. If you haven’t got a chain, fit a chain to the door, or a door bar if you’ve got difficulty in handling a chain with arthritic fingers.But also when you answer the door, check the identity of the person there. Generally the offenders say they are from the Water Board or from utilities. They may say they’re from a charity or even from local authority. But generally, a utility will be in uniform.Ask for their identification. A genuine person will not mind you doing that and will wait until you can check them out. If you do need to check them, phone the number on, on your last bill. What won’t happen is that if it is a bogus caller, they will become unnerved by this reaction and they will leave.Presenter: OK and there’s also a couple of gadgets new on the market that also can help as well. Just talk us through that.Ian Holt:Certainly, yes. The …a spy er …viewer is fairly standard. But for elderly who may have poor eyesight there’s a spyscope which actually makes it a lot easier for them to see who’s outside. As I mentioned before about the door bar, again, it can be easier to apply than the chain. Very reasonable priced er, and something that is fairly new …as I mentioned before it’s very difficult for some of these people to remember what they have to do when they go to the door and that’s why they become victims. And this item is called a Memo Minder and actually you can record a message on there and it’s nice to have a grand-daughter or somebody to record a message, but every time the person approaches the door it reminds them with a voice to say ―Put your chain on.‖Listening inPassage 1Patrick ：I read a funny story today in the paper –true story.Steve ：Go on, then.Patrick ：OK. This 72-year old guy stole a pair of trousers from a department store in Paris. A security man saw him and alerted the police and they were waiting for him when hecame out of the shop. The shoplifter started running, but the policeman soon caughtup with him. The man then bit the policeman on his arm several times.Steve ：He bit the policeman?Patrick ：Yes –you have to remember, he was 72.Steve ：I’d forgotten that.Patrick ：Problem was, it didn’t hurt the policeman at all, ’cause the guy had forgotten to put hisfalse teeth in before he left home.Steve ：Very funny!Patrick ：And the moral of the story is –Steve ：Always remember to wear your false teeth if you’re going to bite someone.Patrick ：That’s good. I read a funny crime story the other day. Let’s see …yeah …this guy …this guy robbed a supermarket somewhere in America –I can’t remember where exactly –anyway, he got away with about 4,000 dollars. The next week the local newspaper。

Unit 5—Conversation 1Mark：Have you got your tickets for the play？Kate：What play?Mark: The play which OUDS are producing。

You know，the play I'm in at the Oxford Playhouse.Kate: Oh, that play! Well, er ...Mark: What about you, Janet?Janet：What’s the play called?Mark：Waiting for Godot, by Samuel Beckett。

You are coming，aren’t you？Kate：Beckett？Janet：Why not？Kate: Well，um, I'm sure you’ll be totally brilliant, Mark .。

. but I wish I could understand the play. It doesn’t make sense. Mark: If only you were more patient, Kate. Beckett's a fascinating writer。

You'll come though，won't you，Janet? You really ought to see something like this at least once during your stay in Oxford.Janet: Well, I’m not sure.Mark: Oh，come on！Please!Jan et：But if Kate doesn't understand the play，there’s no way I'll be able to follow it.Kate：Do you want to go？Janet：Well, I love going to the theatre，and I’d really like to see Mark acting。

新标准大学英语(第二版)视听说教程2答案截图Unit 1Passage 1-2:In this passage。

the author discusses the importance of time management。

The author explains that time management skills are essential for success in both personal and nal life。

The author provides several tips for effective time management。

including ritizing tasks。

setting goals。

XXX。

Passage 2-1:This passage discusses the XXX regular exercise can improve physical health。

ce stress and anxiety。

and XXX。

such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator and going for a walk during XXX breaks。

Passage 2-2:In this passage。

the author discusses the XXX is essential for building nships。

resolving conflicts。

XXX skills。

including active listening。

asking ns。

XXX。

Passage 2-3:XXX。

enhance personal growth。

and increase XXX learning into daily life。

including reading。

taking courses。

and attending seminars.Unit 2:In Unit 2.the focus is on personal XXX。

新编大学英语(浙大第三版4)视听说教程u n i t8听力原文及答案-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1Part 1Listening 1Ex1: 1) rocks 2) Yes 3) stones 4) not 5)sand 6) No 7) waterEx2: 1) time management business students 2) wide-mouthed produce at a time 3) dumped work themselves down 4) grabbed filled to the top illustration5)eager beaver how full your schedule is fit some more things 6) get them in at all Script:One day an expert on the subject of time management was speaking to a group of business students and, to stress a point, used an illustration I'm sure those students will never forget. After I share it with you, you'll never forget it either.As this man stood in front of the group of high-powered overachievers, he said, "Ok, time for a quiz." He pulled out a large, wide-mouthed jar and set it on a table in front of him. Then he produced about a dozen fist-sized rocks and carefully placed them, one at a time, into the jar.When the jar was filled to the top and no more rocks would fit inside, he asked, "Is this jar full"Everyone in the class said, "Yes."Then he said, "Really" He reached under the table and pulled out a bag of little stones. Then he dumped some of them in and shook the jar causing the little stones to work themselves down into the spaces between the big rocks.Then he smiled and asked the group once more, "Is the jar full" By this time the class was onto him. "Probably not," one of them answered. "Good!" he replied. And he reached under the table and brought out a bag of sand. He started dumping the sand in and it went into all the spaces left between the rocks and the little stones. Once more he asked the question, "Is this jar full""No!" the class shouted. Once again he said, "Good!" Then he grabbed a bottle of water and began to pour it in until the jar was filled to the top. Then he looked up at the class and asked, "What is the point of this illustration"One eager beaver raised his hand and said, "The point is, no matter how full your schedule is, if you try really hard, you can always fit some more things into it!""No," the speaker replied, "that's not the point. The truth this illustration teaches us is: If you don't put the big rocks in first, you'll never get them in at all." Listening 2Ex1: B C A B D C B B A DEx2: F T F F TScripts:Throughout the day, energy rises and falls. At its peak, you're likely to perform 30 to 40 percent faster and more accurately, than at its lowest, says Lynne Lamberg. So by synchronizing your schedule with your natural energy supply ,it will help you use it more efficiently.She also says, alertness is highest and concentration the most between 9a.m. and early afternoon—the best time to crunch numbers or write a report. You should dive into the hardest tasks first, and your extend high-energy mornings with a latelunch. Many people are still going strong until 1 or 2 p.m., so why break the momentum?During mid-afternoon, you might attend to some routine tasks, such as paying bills or sorting through a pile of junk mail. Work that involves physical activity, such as running down the hall to photocopy a memo, or talking to other people (that includes phone calls)—will keep your energy level from dropping way down.When full alertness returns—around 4 p.m.—you might do a few small projects that give you a feeling of satisfaction and accomplishment. Send off an important letter. Or plan and prioritize for the next day.The dark side of your cycle is equally important: For daylong energy we need a good night's sleep. On average, Americans get about seven-and-one-half hours, although some need more and others get by on less. We 're getting enough sleep if we wake up without the help of an alarm clock and don't feel the urge to nap during the day.Listening 3Ex1: 1) London 2) What a wonderful Life 3) Globe 4) changes developments natural resources cities nuclear warEx2: T F T T FScript:(Do you feel depressed when you read newspapers Does the news always seem bad To many people it does, but not to Alexander Dubois, a French scientist living in London. Unlike many scientists, he believes that the world will be a better place in the future. His book, What a Wonderful Life, will be on sale, and Globe sent Reporter Catherine Brown to talk to him. Here is part of their conversation.)Catherine Brown: W hat changes will we see in the next few years?Alexander Dubois:Today, work is the most important part of many people'slives. In the future, machines will do much of our work. Thismeans that we'll have more time to think about how to livehappily.Catherine Brown: W hat developments will there be in medical science?Alexander Dubois:The day will come when we will eliminate killer diseases suchas diphtheria and typhoid. Also, there will be fewer babiesborn with birth defects because doctors will be able tooperate on children before they are born.Catherine Brown:And what about natural resources Will there be an adequatesupply of coal, oil and gasAlexander Dubois:Of course! Research shows that there are sufficient resourcesfor the next 20,000 years within one kilometer of the earth'ssurface.Catherine Brown:Will cities continue to grow and become more and moreovercrowded?Alexander Dubois:No, they won't. People will return to smaller communitieswhere they can really know their neighbors and participate incommunity life.Catherine Brown: A ren't you worried about the possibility of nuclear war?Alexander Dubois: Y es, I am. I expect there will be a nuclear war in the future,but it won't end our world. Life will continue.Statements:1. A lexander Dubois holds an optimistic point of view for the world's future.2. A lexander Dubois believes that, people's jobs will play the most important part in their lives.3. A lexander Dubois thinks that,6 some defects in babies will be treated before birth.4. A lexander Dubois predicts that someday some people will move from big cities to smallercommunities.5. A lexander Dubois believes that a nuclear war can be the end of the world.Listening 4Ex1: e c b f a dEx2: 1)biased 2) unaware 3) success 4) fun 5)control 6) environment7) flexibility 8)optimal 9)wings 10）exploreScripts:Professor Zimbardo: Time perspectives are easy to identify when people are making decisions. For some people, it’s only about what is in the immediate situation, what other people are doing, and what they are feeling. And those people, when they make their decision in that form, we’re going to call “present-oriented”, because their focus is what is now.Student A: Then maybe , I’m not ”present-oriented”. It seems what I care most is always what will be in the future.Professor Zimbardo: Yes. You might be among those ”future-oriented”. There focus is always about anticipated consequences. OK, anybody here who is neither “present-oriented” nor “future-oriented”Student B: Myself. I think neither of your description about this two time perspectives fits me well.Professor Zimbardo: Then you mast belong to the third type. We call them “pat-oriented” because they focus on what was. For them, both the present and the future are irrelevant. Thire decisions are based on past memories.Student B: That’s true, but sometimes, I just fell my time perspectives are a mixture.Professor Zimbardo: That’s very likely the case. There are actually six time perspectives: past-positive or past-negative; present-hedonistic or present-fatalist: future-oriented or transcendental future, as a matter of fact, these six time perspectives might coexist in a person. But they are biased in different situations. Either of them may rise to be the dominating one that influences us to make decisions. But we’re totally unaware.Student A: But do those perspectives show bias in their influence on human life, for example, positive or negative?Professor Zimbardo: In a sense, that’s right. Any time perspective in excess has more negatives than positives, you know what those future-oriented people sacrifice for success. They sacrifice family time . they sacrifice friend time. They sacrifice fun time. And they sacrifice sleep. So it affects their health. And they live for work, achievement and control.Student B: Yes. That’s ture. We just never realized that before. But professor, do you think time perspective is something inherent or something we learn?Professor Zimbardo: People’s time perspectives result from the social environment and their life experiences, and they can be learned and be changed . That’s the last point I want to make today. one needs to develop the mental flexibility to shift time perspectives fluidly, depending on the demands of the situation; that’s what you’re got to learn to do. The optimal temporal mix is What you get from the past-positive gives you roots. What you get from the future is wings to soar to new destinations, new challenges. What you get from the present hedonism is energy, the energy to explore yourself, places, people, sensuality.Further ListeningListening 1Ex1: F F F F T T F TEx2: 1)friend 2) end 3) weeks 4)know 5)terrible 6)rang 7)younger 8)tired9)game 10）make 11）show 12）thinking 13）distance 14）corner 15）telegram16）deserveScripts:Around the Cornerby Henson TowneAround the corner I have a friend,In this great city that has no end.Yet the days go by and weeks rush on,And before I know it, a year is gone.And I never see my old friend's face,For life is a swift and terrible race,He knows I like him just as well,As in the days when I rang his bell,And he rang mine.But we were younger then,And now we are busy, tired men.Tired of playing a foolish game,Tired of trying to make a name."Tomorrow," I say, "I will call on JimJust to show that I'm thinking of him."But tomorrow comes and tomorrow goes,And distance between us grows and grows.Around the corner! — yet miles away."Here's a telegram sir—Jim died today."And that's what we get and deserve in the end.Around the corner , a vanished friend.Listening 2Ex1: 1)clocks 2) promptness efficiency 3) impatient 4) household appliances save time 5)control miss avoidEx2: F T F F FScript:Almost every American wears a watch, and in nearly every room in an American home, there's a clock. "Be on time." "Don't waste time." "Time is money." "Time waits for no one." All of these familiar sayings reflect the American obsession with promptness and efficiency. Students and employees displease their teachers and bosses when they arrive late. This desire to get the most out of every minute often affects behavior, making Americans impatient when they have to wait. The pressure to make every moment count sometimes makes it difficult for Americans to relax and do nothing.The desire to save time and handle work efficiently also leads Americans to buy many kinds of machines. These range from household appliances to equipment for the office such as calculators, photocopy machines and computers. One popular machine is the videocassette recorder, which gives Americans a new kind of control over time. Fans of professional football don't have to miss the Sunday afternoon game on TV because of a birthday party. They simply videotape it and watch the game in the evening. What's more, they can actual save time by fast-forwarding through all the sales ads and commercials shown during te game. So a 3.5-hour game, seen later on, might only last 1.5 hours.Listening 3Ex1: A B A B DEx2: 1)pessimistic 2)doubled 3)coal 4)chickens 5) artificial 6)well-designed 7)fresher 8)leading 9)unnecessaryScript:What will life be like 100 years from now Some experts are optimistic; others, far more pessimistic. They think that by then the population will have doubled. We will have run out of essential materials, like oil and coal. We may even have run out of water to drink. They believe that we will be living like chickens- living in little boxes, and eating artificial food.But those who are more optimistic say that life in the future will be much better than it is today. We may be living in well-designed , systematic communities. We may be getting more sunlight, breathing fresher air, living in a better environment and leading far more pleasant lives than we are today.Life will certainly have become far more mechanized by the year 2100. It may even have become too mechanized. Mechanization has already caused quite a few problems and will cause still more. For example, many jobs will have been “automated”. People will no longer be able to learn only one job in their lifetime. Many of the jobs that young people are doing today will have become unnecessary by the time they are 40.Questions:1. What can definitely be said of life in the next century2. What does "many jobs will be 'automated'" mean according to the passage3. What will the influence of automation be upon people in terms of employment4. Is there any possibility hat some jobs will disappear in decades from now Why or why not5. What would the future job market look likeListening 4Ex1: F T T F FEx2: 1) Because they could have a large house and yard there2) The cities have grown larger3) During the last 10 or 15 years of the 20th century4) Because they want to change them into apartment buildings5) It saves people time for traveling back and forthScript:Starting in the early 1900s, many Americans living and working in large cities moved to the suburbs. They wanted to live where they could have a large house and yard, instead of a small apartment with no yard. The problem that this has brought is that as the cities have grown larger, people must travel a long way to their place of work. Often the trip takes as much as two hours each way. Thus they have very little time to enjoy their houses and yards.Therefore, during the last decades of the 20th century, some people became interested in moving back to the business areas of the cities. Many old buildings with businesses or factories on the first few floors have upper floors that are empty- Other old buildings are completely empty. Architects have been buying these buildings and changing them into attractive apartment buildings. Most have large comfortable rooms with big windows, which let in a lot of light. The apartments in these buildings are quickly bought by people who want to move back downtown. As one new apartment owner said, "I don't have a yard anymore, but I also don't have to sit in my car for over three hours a day. And there are nearby parks that I can visit now that I have more time."。

Unit 2-Conversation 1Kate :Come in. Hey, Janet.Ja n et: Hi Kate, are you busy?Kate : Yes, I'm just doing an essay. But it's great to see you. So what's new?Janet:Well, nothing much.Kate :You look a bit fed up. What's bugging you?Janet: Well, I had a phone call from my parents and it made me feel homesick. It happens every time they call, and it gets me down.Kate : I'm sorry to hear that. I know how you feel. I love speaking to my mum and dad, but I always feel miserable after the call.Janet: My dad doesn't say much, and I want to speak to him, but I wish I knew what to say.Kate : Don't let it get to you. My dad doesn't say much onthe phone either. I call, he answers the phone, and says, "Hi,I'll pass you to your mother." It's really irritating.Janet: But I miss him and my mother a lot, and I like to hearhis voice.Kate:Just tell him what you're up to.Janet: Sometimes I feel as if I made a mistake leaving home and coming to Oxford. Sometimes I feel like a moody teenager. Kate : Try not to worry about it, Janet. It's normal to feel like that. I understand how you feel, but I bet everything will be fine next term. You'll get used to it. Hey, why don't you do what I do? Janet:What's that?Kate : When my dad calls, I ask him for more money! He usually says no, but at least I get to hear his voice!Janet: Maybe. I'm sorry to take up your time, Kate, but I must go now. Bye!Kate :Wait a minute ...!Unit 2-Conversation 2Kate :I think I may have upset Janet last night.Mark :What happened?Kate : She came to see me. I was busy doing an essay but I was really pleased to see her. She'd had a call fromhome, and said she was feeling homesick.Mark : Poor kid! It must be tough when you guys living sofar away from home.Kate : I tried to make her laugh, told her not to worry aboutit, and that it was normal to feel miserable. Suddenlyshe looked miserable, and then she got up and said, "Imust go now" and left my room. It was really sudden. I feltas if I'd said something wrong.Mark: Maybe she was just being polite. It was probably because she realized you were working and didn't want to disturb you.Kate : I just wonder if she found it difficult to talk about her feelings with me. Maybe I shouldn't have tried tomake her laugh? Perhaps she thought I wasn't taking her seriously.Mark : I wouldn't worry about it. Put yourself in her shoes.How would you feel if you were a student at college in China?Kate: I know. That's why I feel bad. If only she had stayed longer! I wish I could have helped her more.Janet:Hey, everyone!Mark :Hi Janet, you look cheerful!Janet: Yes, I've just got my essay back. I got an alpha minus! Kate:What an amazing grade! Well done.Mark :I'm really happy for you, Janet.Janet:I feel on top of the world!Unit 2-Outside viewSebastienHi. I'm Sebastien. I'm from Germany. Um, the idea of IQ of a measure of your brain power has been around for a while, but recently there's been this new idea of the EQ - your emotional quotient. And by now, it's actually almost being regarded as more important. If you look at it, businesses will... Well, they will prefer employing people with great EQ. Well,of course, IQ cannot be disregarded, but um, EQ does have its importance as well. Uh, I believe that, um,... I mean, people, most people will have, um, their basic means of communicating with other people. Most people are somewhat socially adept, and just like most people have, you know, a basic general knowledge. But then, what I think really is the difference between IQ and EQ, I mean, you can have a "brainiac", and they will be great at most things they do, butif you just can't get along with him, if you just can't communicate with him, I mean, you know, he's not really that useful.KimHi. This is Kim. I'm originally from Korea, and I was raised in California. And today, we are going to talk aboutthe differences between IQ and EQ -IQ meaning your intelligence, EQ meaning your emotions. Now, in ... WhenI was, when I was a little, little boy in Korea, I had totake ... I think I'd taken like two or three IQ tests before the age often, which is when I moved to California. So, I guesswe stress a lot of importance on intelligence, on havinggreat IQ1 scores. But after I moved to the States, I learnthow to associate with people, and along the lines that this word EQ came up, you know, emotional, caring lout... It's basically how you deal with people, how you make people feel, and how people make you feel. t hink they're equally as, as important, but it seems that in the Eastern world they kind of stress on that a lot more back in the days . But Ithink again, you know, now that with Internet and peopleare communicating so much faster, there's a better mixtureof the two I link.There's a stress on EQ in Korea as well,and a stress on IQ in the States. Thank you.TedHello. My name is Ted, and I'm from the United Statesof America. Today, I'm going to talk a little bit about IQ orEQ - which is most important, or which is more important. Now, for a long time when I was growing up, people said, "IQ. What's your IQ? Take an IQ test." But then EQ, your emotions, how you interact with people, that became very important. And I think they're ... that people might be onto something with that, because your EQ - how you deal with people, how you interact with people - is important. Now, abig part of this, in my opinion, is listening. I know I'm talkinga lot right now, but if you want to get along well with people, you have to listen to them, so just take a minute, maybe shut your mouth for a minute, and listen to others, and then youcan understand and communicate with them in a better way. So, part of EQ, I think, is listening - listening to others - and it can be more important than IQ.Unit 2-Listening inNews reportAccording to recent studies,the number one fear people have above everything else, including death, is of public speaking. People can become very anxious when they have to speak in front of an audience. The symptoms can range from slight nervousness with hands shaking or sweating to full-on panic: the heart beating very quickly, the body shaking, the inability to speak or move.The symptoms of fear of public speaking can begin before the event. People imagine that they will forget what they are going to say, or imagine that the audience will see how nervous they look and will think badly of them. The cause of their fear of public speaking is their belief that they will fail and be embarrassed.Researchers say that the fear of public speaking is associated with the fear of rejection. People who have to stand up in front of an audience believe that the audience will not like them or will not like what they say, and will reject or make fun of them.1What is the news report mainly about?2Why do people fear public speaking according to researchers?Passage 1Presenter We're fortunate to have as our guest today Dr Jenna Hudson, who has just written a book about how colours affect us in our surroundings, especially in the world of advertising. It's called Market Colours. Dr Hudson, which are the most common colours in advertising and marketing?Dr Hudson Well, of course, it depends what image the marketing team wish to project with their products. So for example, we often think of blue as a cold colour, but it also makes you feel peaceful, quiet, and it doesn't suggeststrong emotions. So it's a favourite for banks and insurance companies, who wish to suggest the image that they are trustworthy. And for selling products, it's often used tosuggest something is pure and fresh.Presenter What about red?Dr Hudson You can sell almost anything with red.It's a hot colour, which suggests a feeling of energy and even passion. It grabs your attention, and can make people buy almost anything. You often see red on magazine covers. But if you use it too much, it looks cheap and may make people tired. And orange has a similar effect to red, it's upbeat andhappy, it suggests pleasant feelings and images. Most people react well to orange, and it's especially popular in advertisingand on packaging for baked food.Presenter What about yellow, for instance?Dr Hudson Yellow is the colour of sunshine and it's a positive, happy colour, so it's used a lot in advertising. But it'salso often used for warning signs, direction signs, and so on, where you have to read the message quickly and at a distance. Presenter What about less popular colours for advertising?Dr Hudson Surprisingly, green isn't used much in advertising except for garden products, It's friendly and restful. It can be cool and soothing, the colour of apples and mint, but it can also be quite strong and many peopleassociate it with unpleasant ideas of decay or slimy creatures. Presenter But most colours are not primary colours,they're a combination.Dr Hudson Absolutely. So yellow-orange is common, and often used to give an impression of style and class, it looks like gold. But it's not often used in letters because it's not very strong. And yellow-green reminds people of feeling sick. Blue-green works well as a cool colour, suggesting freshness, and is sometimes used for toothpaste products, bathroom products, food and household cleaning products. It has many of the advantages of blue without the disadvantages of green. Presenter Fascinating. Thank you very much, Dr Hudson. Market Colours by Dr Jenna Hudson is on sale from next week, priced15.￡99...Passage2Presenter What makes you embarrassed, Sally?Sally Oh, I'm easily embarrassed. If anybody notices me or looks at me, I get very embarrassed. When people singme Happy Birthday on my birthday, I get very embarrassed. Presenter And what makes you upset?Sally When people are selfish, people who think only of themselves. And cruelty -I can't bear people who are cruel, especially to animals or children.Presenter Jake, what makes you depressed?Jake I hate it when it rains, and I don't like people who look down on me, who think they're superior to me without any reason.Presenter And what makes you angry?Jake When people don't behave properly in public, bad behaviour like dropping litter or people pushing each other on the bus or the train.Presenter Andrew, what makes you cheerful?Andrew I like to see everyone around me being happyand having a positive attitude towards the future, optimistic people.Presenter And what makes you jealous?Andrew Well, to be honest, I just never feel jealous. I can't see the point of it.Presenter Monica, what makes you proud?Monica I'm proud when I'm successful, especially in my work. Being recognized by my boss for what I can do makes me feel really proud. Oh, and my family. I'm very proud of them.Presenter And what makes you nervous?Monica Every time I teach a new class. Thenight before I'm very nervous. You don't know whatthe kids are going to be like and how they might behave, or if they're going to like you.Presenter Anything else?Monica Doing interviews like this.。

Unit 1Life is a learning curveListening to the worldSharingScriptsH = Hina; W1 = Woman 1, etc.; M1 = Man 1, etc.Part 1H: I have a full-time job but I like learning new things in my spare time. At the moment, I’m studying Spanish. I’m enjoying it but I’m finding it quite difficult. Today we’re asking people about learning new things.Part 2W1: I’m learning to speak another language, actually. I’m learning French. I’m also learning, er, to drive.W2: I’m learning to play golf at the moment. Um, my husband and my son play golf, and when we go on holiday, I feel that I want to be able to play with them.W3: I’m learni ng to speak Spanish.W4: I am learning Arabic.M1: Well, I’ve been learning to play the guitar for about 50 years now. And it’s a constant process, so still learning bits, yes.W5: I’m learning yoga at the moment, and I’m finding it quite hard.M2: The courses I’m taking are, are training courses for leadership, er, negotiation, (and) evaluation.M3: I’m learning Swahili.W6: At the moment, I’m learning to paint and draw in evening classes for adults.W7: I’m studying part-time after work.M4: I’ve er, just learned how to er, do a lot of kayaking.W8: I am learning how to design a website at the moment.W9: I’m in a choir so singing, I guess, is pretty much the only thing I’m doing at the moment.M5: At the moment, I’m taking up a new instrument. It’s a traditional instrument from Zimbabwe, and it’s called the mbira. Er, let me show you.Part 3H: What’s the most difficult thing you’ve ever learned?M5: Patience, I think.W4: Arabic.M2: Courage.W3: Learning a language is particularly difficult for myself (me), so probably learning the Spanish. W6: The most difficult thing I have ever learned is Mandarin Chinese. I did it in evening classes a few years ago and I found it really, really difficult.W5: Probably capoeira, which is a Brazilian dance, martial art, fight thing. It’s a combination of all of these things. And yes, that was very difficult because there were lots of unusual body movements to learn.W1: Learning to drive was the most difficult thing.M3: Well, I learned some Sanskrit, and that’s got um, nine cases, two more than Latin. It’s quite difficult by most standards.M4: I think I found French very hard at school.W2: Um, I learned to play the trumpet at school. That was pretty difficult. Er ... and maybe learning to drive. I hated learning to drive.ListeningScriptsP = presenter; S = SallyP: Hi. You’re listening to Ask the Expert and in today’s program we’re talking about languages and how to learn a language. Our expert today is Sally Parker, who is a teacher. Hi Sally.S: Hello.P: Sally, our first question today is from Andy. He says, “I’ve just started learning English. My problem is that I’m too frightened to speak. My grammar is not very good, so I’m worried about saying the wrong thing.” Have you got any advice for Andy?S: OK. Well, the first thing is I think Andy should practice speaking to himself.P: Speaking to h imself? I’m not sure that’s a good idea.S: I know it sounds silly, but talking to yourself in a foreign language is a really good way to practice. You don’t have to feel embarrassed, because nobody can hear you. You can talk to yourself about anything you like –what you had for breakfast, where you’re going for the weekend – anything. And the more you do it, the more you will get used to hearing your own voice and your pronunciation, so you won’t feel so frightened in the classroom. Andy should try it.P: Hm, I suppose so. Anything else? What about his grammar?S: He has only just started learning English, so he is going to make lots of mistakes, but that’s nota problem. That’s how he’ll learn. Andy shouldn’t worry about making mistakes.P: You’re right. So Andy, try talking to yourself, and don’t worry about making mistakes. Our next problem comes from Olivia in Brazil. She is worried about pronunciation. She says, “The problem is I can’t understand native speakers. They speak so fast and I can’t understand their pronunciation.” So Sally, any ideas for Olivia?S: Well, first of all it’s a good idea for her to practice her listening skills. She should listen to English as much as possible to get used to how it sounds. Listen to the news, listen to podcasts, (and) watch English television.P: OK –that’s a good idea.S: And another thing she should do is to focus on listening and reading at the same time. If you listen to something on the Internet, you can often read the transcript. If you listen and read at the same time, it’ll help you see what the words sound like and how the words sound when a native speaker is talking.P: Great. Thank you, Sally. Well, huh, I’m afraid that’s all we have time for today, but next week we’ll be …ViewingScriptsN = Narrator; I = Ian Deary; W1 = Woman 1, etc.; M1 = Man 1, etc.N: Recent research into the history of IQ tests in Scotland suggests your IQ score might predict, to an extent at least, your health and even your life expectancy.W1: You have 45 minutes to do the test, OK?M1: OK.N: Bill and Davina are 79 years old. This is the second time they’ve done this test. The first time was in 1932, when every 11-year-old in Scotland was put through an intelligence test. It’s the only time this kind of mass testing has ever been done in the UK. The results were rediscovered recently in an Edinburgh basement. If you want to know how our intelligence changes as we get older, these results are a potential goldmine.I: We brought hundreds of people back and we got them to sit the exact same test that they had sat when they were aged 11. Now, these people are now 79 or 80 years old. We gave the same instructions. We gave the same test. And we gave the same time limit.M2: It was a little stickier than I thought it would be.M3: I walked through it quite happily, quite honestly.W2: I felt I must have been very bright at 11 if I sat that exam and passed.N: There were some intriguing results. Almost everyone had a better score at 80 than they did at 11.But some had gone from being just averagely intelligent to a much higher level.I: Now, that’s what really drives our research. We’re interested in: Why have those people who’ve gone (people gone) from IQ 100, at age 11, up to 110 or 120? What have they done right?What can be the recipe for successful aging? We’re finding that the person with more education, even though they had the same IQ in childhood, is doing slightly better in old age, on average. The person who had a more professional job, in old age, is doing slightly better on average than the person who had a manual job, despite the fact that they started at the same level. The people who smoked have got slightly less good mental ability than you would expect.N: What’s even more re markable is that the kids who had higher IQ scores at 11 are the very ones still alive today. So it seems high IQ in childhood is good for survival.Speaking for communicationRole-playScriptsA: Ah, OK, so we need to think of the best ideas for taking tests.B: Yep.A: Er, well, how about this one? It’s a good idea to study with friends at the same time each day. B: Mm, in my opinion, this is a really good idea. You can make it a regular part of your daily life. A: You mean like having breakfast at the same time, lunch at the same time, studying at the same time.B: Yes. And also I think it helps when you study with friends.A: Yeah, I, I think it’s more motivating.B: And you can actually talk to someone, not just look at books. I find that if I’m only reading my notes it’s easy to lose concentration. I start thinking about other things. But when you are talking to someone, it really helps you concentrate. So, yes, I agree with this one.A: OK. Another idea is not to eat too much before the exam.B: Oh, really?A: Mm, when I eat a lot, I get sleepy.B: Oh, I see. I think it depends. Because if you don’t eat enough, you start to feel hungry in the middle of the exam.A: Mm, that’s true.B: And then you can’t concentrate.A: Yeah, that’s true.B: So, I’m not sure about this advice, for me. As I said, I think it depends. I always try to eat a good meal before an exam. I’m so nervous that I never get sleepy.A: Hm. OK. What other ideas do you have?B: Well, there’s one thing I always do before an exam.A: What’s that?B: I go to bed early the night before.A: Right.B: I always try to sleep for eight hours the night before the exam.Further practice in listeningShort conversationsScriptsConversation 1W: It is the third time my paper has been rejected by journals because of language problems. M: You know, there is a writing center on campus. I had never got a grade better than C for any of my term papers before they helped me out.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?Conversation 2M: You said you would choose Spanish as your second foreign language. Why did you finally choose French instead?W: My grandfather speaks fluent French and he says that French is a language that any truly cultured person must know.Q: Why does the woman choose to learn French?Conversation 3W: You seem to have no problem understanding native speakers now. How about Dr. Brown’s speech last night?M: Excellent. But it was still too fast for me to follow, especially when Dr. Brown talked about those abstract theories.Q: What did the man do last night?Conversation 4M: It seems to me that Melissa is in a bad mood today. What’s wrong with her?W: Melissa forgot to bring her identification card yesterday and she was not allowed to enter the contest. You know she had prepared for the contest for months.Q: What made Melissa unhappy?Conversation 5W: I think my time at school is wasted because it is just studying books and doing tests.M: But you also learn new ideas and new ways of thinking. And more importantly you meet people and develop your understanding of people at school.Q: What does the man think of the woman’s opinion?Long conversationScriptsM: Miranda, let’s speak about your performance in class. You’re not participating; you’re careless with your assignments and often hand them in late. You don’t want to be here, do you?W: I’m sorry Dr. Smith. It’s just … I’ve got lots of things to do. I’m studying Web design and I’ma first-class player on our golf team. It’s hard to see why I need to take a Spanish languageclass!M: Well, I’m sorry you feel that way, but learning an other language can improve your performance in all of your efforts. And it can be very useful sometimes, for instance, when you visit your father in Mexico.W: Gosh! What do you mean, professor? Just because my father does business in Mexico I’m supposed to learn Spanish –on top of everything else I have to learn? It’s just too much! And ifI don’t spend enough time on the golf course, I won’t remain a first-class player on the golfteam. I still don’t see why I should learn a language that’s so hard fo r me. There are no verb tenses on the golf course or in Web design!M: Listen Miranda, I’ve known your father since we were students at university 20 years ago –and have known you since you were a little girl. Of course, there are no verb tenses in golf or Web design. But I am giving you good advice. Please listen.W: Yes, of course, you’re like my favorite uncle.M: Your brain isn’t like a cup that has water flowing over its edge when it is full. Instead, it’s like a muscle. Learning Spanish exercises your brain in new ways, making it stronger. It will strengthen your critical thinking skills and creativity.W: Really?! Then I guess I can give it a try.Passage 1ScriptsI began learning Spanish when I was in high school, using a traditional academic method ofstudying verbs, sentence structures, and grammar by using textbooks and not much else. I found it very easy to learn, but was frustrated with the slow pace and repetitive nature of all my Spanish classes. So I worked extra hard in my spare time and asked my teacher if I could skip a level by the end of the semester.This was unsuccessful, however, because the school was not willing to test me or otherwise prove that I could be successful in the top level after skipping a level. This made things even more frustrating, as then I was stuck in a class where I already knew the material!Then I went on to college where I then used the language extensively both in and out of the classroom. I studied Spanish literature, culture, and linguistics and very much enjoyed the cultural and linguistic elements, but found the in-depth study of literature a very unbalanced way to study Spanish.I got a lot out of using my Spanish outside of the classroom, including a trip to Mexico with achurch group, where I found myself acting as an interpreter. It was certainly challenging, but it was also a lot of fun.I then also volunteered to be an interpreter in the community schools and also used my Spanish to teach English to some Spanish speakers. This is probably where I learned the most!Q1: What do we know about the speaker’s Spanish learning experience in high school?Q2: What made the speaker feel frustrated while leaning Spanish in high school?Q3: What did the speaker say about her study of Spanish literature in college?Q4: Which experience benefited the speaker most in terms of her use of Spanish?Passage 2Scripts and answersHave you ever heard of homeschooling? It is a legal choice for parents in most countries to provide their children with a learning environment as an 1) alternative to public or private schools outside the home. Parents cite 2) numerous reasons for homeschooling their children. The three reasons that are selected by the majority of parents in the United States are the concern about the 3) traditional school environment, the lack of religious or moral instruction, and the dissatisfaction with the 4) academic instruction at public and private schools. Homeschooling may also be a factor in the choice of parenting style. Homeschooling can be a choice for families living in isolated 5) countryside or living briefly abroad. Also many young 6) athletes and actors are taught at home.Homeschoolers often 7) take advantage of educational opportunities at museums, libraries, community centers, athletic clubs, after-school programs, churches, parks, and other community resources. 8) Secondary school level students may take classes at community colleges, which typically have open admission policies.Groups of homeschooling families often join up together to create homeschool co-ops. These groups typically meet once a week and provide a classroom environment. These are family- centered support groups whose members seek to pool their talents and resources 9) in a collective effort to broaden the scope of their children’s education. They provide a classroom environment where students can do hands-on and group learning such as performing, science experiments, art projects, foreign language study, spelling contests, discussions, etc. Parents whose children take the classes 10) serve as volunteers to keep costs low and make the program a success.Unit 2 Journey into the unknownListening to the worldSharingScriptsF = Finn; W1 = Woman 1, etc.; M1 = Man 1, etc.Part 1F: I’ve spent a lot of time living in different countries so there isn’t one place I think of as home.I’ve lived in Scotland and Pola nd and China. I love going to new places and learning about new cultures. Today, I’m asking people about travel.Part 2W1: I love travel. It’s one of my passions.M1: Well, I enjoy it a lot. I have traveled to India several times. I lived there, and I’ve lived here, and I’ve been to Istanbul once and I enjoyed that very much.W2: I’ve done quite a bit of traveling on holidays and stuff. I think it’s good, good exp erience.W3: You get to meet different people coming from different backgrounds, and that’s really important to get an understanding.M2: It’s always just nice to get out and experience a different culture and different lifestyle.W4: I get very excited about the thought of going to most countries, any country.W5: I love to travel to different countries.M3: Absolutely love traveling. I’ve been traveling for about two and a half years solid now.W6: I’ve been to Turkey. I’ve been to Egypt. I’ve been to Malta.M4: I work as an expedition leader and so I actually operate in different countries around the world, many places outside the United Kingdom.Part 3F: What do you like about traveling?M3: I think you mature a lot when you travel. You, er, you learn … oh, just completely different experiences to what you’re used to at home.W6: I like the airport experience. I love that.M5: I like the arrival more than the traveling.W5: To see art especially. We love to see theater in other countries.M4: You see some, some of the most beautiful scenery around the world which you wouldn’t experience in other countries.M2: I just really like getting out there and experiencing a different culture, getting far away from, you know, what we’re used to in Australia, and meeting new people.W4: The anticipation of being in a new place, of seeing very different things, er, of hearing a different language, (and) of eating different food. Everything that travel has to offer.Part 4F: What don’t you like?W6: I don’t like long flights.W3: I suppose plane journeys aren’t always the most exciting of things.W1: Flying. I don’t particularly like flying, but it’s a necessity when you live in Ireland, you know. M2: I suppose the biggest problem I have with traveling is living out of a suitcase.W4: In all honesty, I actually see the whole travel as an adventure in itself. So, er, when, when I was backpacking, and we all … we ran out of money, or we were in dangerous situations, I actually quite enjoyed that.M4: You spend a lot of time outside the United Kingdom, and the disadvantage of that is, that you, you tend to miss families and friends. I miss out on normal things in life, so … I’ve been outside the United Kingdom for two t hirds of the year. I’d say that’s the main disadvantage. W5: The hardest thing for me is that I am handicapped. And so sometimes getting around, especially very old cities, is very difficult.M5: My wife’s usually late for … getting to the airport. It wasn’t until I, I got married I actually started missing flights.ListeningScriptsOne place that I think everyone should have the chance to see is Venice. But the problem is that this beautiful and charming city is slowly sinking. Ever since the 14th century engineers have tried to work out a way to stop the floods in Venice, but so far nobody has managed. Sometimes there are as many as 40 floods per year between March and September, and Venice is actually sinking at a rate of two and a half inches every decade. It’s very possible that your grandchildren, and their grandchildren will never have the chance to see this fragile city. Everyone should have the chance to enjoy the city, to walk across its famous bridges, through its ancient squares. There are no cars in Venice, and many people think it helps this to be one of the most romantic cities in the world. So, can it be saved?Well, they are trying. Barriers are being put in to try and stop the water getting too high. This is viewed as a temporary measure, although they should last 100 years, so the problem is finding a permanent solution. If you want my advice, go there while you still can, and then together we can put pressure on the government to spend the money it needs to find a permanent way to keep this beautiful and historic city for future generations. We have an opportunity now to save this city, and we must, before it’s too late.ViewingScriptsV = V oice-over; M1 = Man 1, etc.; JL = Joanna Lumley; W1 = Woman 1, etc.;EH = Eamonn Holmes; JJE = Jocelyn Jee Esien; AF = Alex Fraser;JP = John Palmer; MJ = Melanie Jones; LS = Lucy Sassoon; Vs = VoicesV: There are so many amazing places to see around the world. Here are some of your favorites.Welcome to Bangkok! With over six million people, it’s big, it’s busy and you love it! It’s very good for shopping and the nightlife is great, too.M1: It’s got lots of clubs, bars, shops, food … Everything you need, really.V: There are 400 temples in Bangkok, so Bangkok is an important place for Buddhists around the world, and tourists love to visit the temples, too.V: You also love the Masai Mara in Kenya. It’s a fantastic place to watch animals: zebras, elephants, antelope, hippos, and lions. You can see them all. So, why is it so special?JL: Huge open spaces, fantastic animals, just wide open freedom, warmth, friendliness, and all underneath the great African skies.V: Now a popular, romantic city … the city of lights, Paris.W1: To me, Paris is elegant, romantic and expensive.W2: Go in the spring and enjoy the art galleries.V: And enjoy the views of the city from the top of the Eiffel Tower.V: Back to Africa now, South Africa. Yes, it’s Cape Town. And behind Cape Town is the 1,000-meter-high Table Mountain, with its fantastic views.EH: Cape Town is one of my top three places on earth.JJE: Friendly people, loads of beaches, and the food is unbelievably cheap.M2: We went there um, over New Year and it was lovely. I mean, just a lovely, lovely place.EH: Great place, Cape Town.V: You love the mountains and beaches that make Cape Town so special. And these little guys –the penguins.V: This is the big moment: the number one place to see before you die. Your favorite is … the Grand Canyon! The Grand Canyon is an amazing place. You can read about the Grand Canyon and you can look at photographs and videos, but nothing can prepare you for the real thing.AF: There is so much to see that you never stop seeing something new.JP: The colors are just so … amazing.MJ: With every changing inch of the sunset, the colors in the canyon change.LS: I remember actually sitting there … and I just cried.V: But there’s only one word that everyone says when they talk about the Grand Canyon:Vs: It really is awesome … Just completely awesome … Awesome … “Awesome” is the word …It was awesome … Awesome … Awesome … “Awesome” is the only word … Truly awesome.Speaking for communicationRole-playScriptsConversation 1Man: Excuse me. We’re trying to get to the carnival. Is this the right bus stop?Woman: Yes, but you don’t need the bus. It’s very close.Man: Oh! Can we walk?Woman: Yes, it takes about 10 minutes from here. Just go straight on. You’ll hear the music! Man: OK. Thank you very much.Conversation 2Woman: Excuse me, can yo u help me? I’m looking for the Plaza Hotel. Is this the right way? Man: Um … Plaza Hotel, er, Plaza Hotel. Oh, yes, keep going, past the cinema and take the first left.Woman: OK.Man: Then keep going for about 15 minutes until you reach the end of the road. And you’ll see the sign for the hotel. You can’t miss it.Woman: OK. Um, can you show me on the map?Man: Sure.Conversation 3Man 1: Excuse me, we want to get to The Grand Motel. Is it far?Woman: Um … sorry, I’ve no idea. Jim, do you know?Man 2: What?Woman: The Grand Motel?Man 2: The Grand Motel? Yeah, it’s just over there. Er, just go to the end of this street. Go left and go past the … um … there’s a restaurant. Go past the restaurant and it’s on the left. Man 1: On the left. So I need to go to the end of the street, turn left, go past the restaurant and it’s on the left. Man 2: Yeah, that’s it.Man 1: Thanks a lot.Group discussionScriptsOK, well, we would like to go to Easter Island. It is very isolated, very far from other places. Er, we are going to travel there by plane and stay with different families and the trip is going to take three months. We want to experience the local culture, their music, food, and way of life. So our plan is to speak to the local people about these things and to film them. We hope to find out about their traditions and to see what they think of their history. Well, um, finally, my husband and I always wanted to go to Easter Island. I read about it when I was a child and I saw pictures of these amazing stone heads on the island. So for us this is the journey of our dreams.Further practice in listeningShort conversationsScriptsConversation 1M: I still can’t decide whether we should have a whole package tour or a self-drive tour.W: A whole package tour means having to spend time in the confined quarters of a coach, bus or train with people you are not familiar with, but considering our budget, perhaps we have to sacrifice comfort and privacy.Q: What does the woman say about a whole package tour?Conversation 2W: I was so shocked when I saw the tiny, dirty houses where the children grew up.M: So was I. I’m afraid that they don’t ha ve enough food, let alone go to school. Next time we should have our daughter come with us. She always takes things for granted. Q: What are the two speakers planning to do?Conversation 3M: I will say it again: India is not a safe place for a woman to travel alone.W: But if I wear the proper clothes, and learn the cultural dos and don’ts, it should be fine. Please don’t be so alarmed.Q: What will the woman do?Conversation 4W: I’m going to travel with my five-year-old this summer. But I feel kind of uncertain whether things will work out.M: You know Jane? She and her husband spend every holiday traveling in a jeep with their son and dog. Probably you should go to her before you go.Q: What does the woman feel uncertain about?Conversation 5M: Many people love a good story about somebody traveling in time – either to repair the future, or to observe the past. Why are time travel stories so popular?W: I think it’s human nature to dream of what-ifs. What if I could see an alien? Q:What are the two speakers talking about?Long conversationScriptsM: It’s good to have you back at work Emily. How was your trip to the Amazon rainforest?W: It was like a spectacular dream; I saw so many more things than I ever could have imagined.The plants are so thick that you couldn’t even see the sun or the sky above, and there are more shades of green than I’ve seen before in my life!M: Wow, with so many plants, how did you get around?W: We rode a tour boat down the Amazon River –it connects the whole jungle, and the local people use it to travel, too. It’s amazing being somewhere so far away from technology, without any electricity for miles and miles. The local people don’t even see the world outside of the jungle, never traveling more than 15 minutes up or down the river their whole lives! M: What an entirely different lifestyle! It must be completely different there. Did you get to meet any of the villagers?W: Oh yes! Here’s the story: I finished a small blue bottle of wine and was about to throw it away.The tour guide told me to save it. Later, when we arrived at one of the villages, he introduced me to an old woman there who greeted our boat. I gave her the wine bottle as a gift. She looked at it like a great treasure, and she said that it would be an honored prize for her hut. I was shocked that something so small and common for me – could mean so much!M: Emily, I suppose we really take modern life for granted.Q1: What does the woman say about the plants in the Amazon rainforest?Q2: What does the woman say about the local people?Q3: Why was the old woman in the village so excited?Q4: What has the woman learned from her traveling experience?Passage 1ScriptsI believe watching nature programs on television is not going to give us and our children a real experience of nature. On the contrary, they may distance us from nature – actual nature – even further.Because real nature experiences mean contact with nature. It means being with and within nature, to experience it with all five senses.。

Unit 1Life is a learning curveListening to the worldSharingScriptsH = Hina; W1 = Woman 1, etc.; M1 = Man 1, etc.Part 1H: I have a full-time job but I like learning new things in my spare time. At the moment, I’m studying Spanish. I’m enjoying it but I’m finding it quite difficult. Today we’re asking people about learning new things.Part 2W1: I’m learning to speak another language, actually. I’m learning French. I’m also learning, er, to drive.W2: I’m learning to play golf at the moment. Um, my husband and my son play golf, and when we go on holiday, I feel that I want to be able to play with them. W3: I’m learnin g to speak Spanish.W4: I am learning Arabic.M1: Well, I’ve been learning to play the guitar for about 50 years now. And it’sa constant process, so still learning bits, yes.W5: I’m learning yoga at the moment, and I’m finding it quite hard.M2: The courses I’m taking are, are training courses for leadership, er, negotiation, (and) evaluation.M3: I’m learning Swahili.W6: At the moment, I’m learning to paint and draw in evening classes for adults. W7: I’m studying part-time after work.M4: I’ve er, just learned how to er, do a lot of kayaking.W8: I am learning how to design a website at the moment.W9: I’m in a choir so singing, I guess, is pretty much the only thing I’m doing at the moment.M5: At the moment, I’m taking up a new instrument. It’s a traditional instrument from Zimbabwe, and it’s called the mbira. Er, let me show you.Part 3H: What’s the most difficult thing you’ve ever learned?M5: Patience, I think.W4: Arabic.M2: Courage.W3: Learning a language is particularly difficult for myself (me), so probably learning the Spanish.W6: The most difficult thing I have ever learned is Mandarin Chinese. I did it in evening classes a few years ago and I found it really, really difficult.W5: Probably capoeira, w hich is a Brazilian dance, martial art, fight thing. It’s a bination of all of these things. And yes, that was very difficult because there were lots of unusual body movements to learn.W1: Learning to drive was the most difficult thing.M3: Well, I le arned some Sanskrit, and that’s got um, nine cases, two more than Latin. It’s quite difficult by most standards.M4: I think I found French very hard at school.W2: Um, I learned to play the trumpet at school. That was pretty difficult. Er ...and maybe learning to drive. I hated learning to drive.ListeningScriptsP = presenter; S = SallyP: Hi. You’re listening to Ask the Expert and in today’s program we’re talking about languages and how to learn a language. Our expert today is Sally Parker, who is a teacher. Hi Sally.S: Hello.P: Sally, our first question today is from Andy. He says, “I’ve just started learning English. My problem is that I’m too frightened to speak. My grammar is not very good, so I’m worried about saying the wrong thing.” Have you got any advice for Andy?S: OK. Well, the first thing is I think Andy should practice speaking to himself. P: Speaking to h imself? I’m not sure that’s a good idea.S: I know it sounds silly, but talking to yourself in a foreign language is a really good way to practice. You don’t have to feel embarrassed, because nobody can hear you. You can talk to yourself about anything you like – what you had for breakfast, where you’re going for the weekend – anything. And the more you do it, the more you will get used to hearing your own voice and your pronunciation, so you won’t feel so frightened in the classroom. Andy should try it.P: Hm, I suppose so. Anything else? What about his grammar?S: He has only just started learning English, so he is going to make lots of mistakes, but that’s not a problem. That’s how he’ll learn. Andy shouldn’t worry about making mistakes.P: You’re right. So Andy, try talking to yourself, and don’t worry about making mistakes. Our next problem es from Olivia in Brazil. She is worried about pronunciation. She says, “The problem is I can’t understand native speakers.They speak so fast and I can’t understand their pronunciation.” So Sally, any ideas for Olivia?S: Well, first of all it’s a good idea for her to practice her listening skills. She should listen toEnglish as much as possible to get used to how it sounds. Listen to the news, listen to podcasts, (and) watch English television.P: OK –that’s a good idea.S: And another thing she should do is to focus on listening and reading at the same time. If you listen to something on the Internet, you can often read the transcript. If you listen and read at the same time, it’ll help you see what the words sound like and how the words sound when a native speaker is talking. P: Great. Thank you, Sally. Well, huh, I’m afraid that’s all we have time for today, but next week we’ll be …ViewingScriptsN = Narrator; I = Ian Deary; W1 = Woman 1, etc.; M1 = Man 1, etc.N: Recent research into the history of IQ tests in Scotland suggests your IQ score might predict, to an extent at least, your health and even your life expectancy. W1: You have 45 minutes to do the test, OK?M1: OK.N: Bill and Davina are 79 years old. This is the second time they’ve done this test. The first time was in 1932, when every 11-year-old in Scotland was put through an intelligence test. It’s the only time this k ind of mass testing has ever been done in the UK. The results were rediscovered recently in an Edinburgh basement. If you want to know how our intelligence changes as we get older, these results are a potential goldmine.I: We brought hundreds of people back and we got them to sit the exact same test that they had sat when they were aged 11. Now, these people are now 79 or80 years old. We gave the same instructions. We gave the same test. And wegave the same time limit.M2: It was a little stickier than I thought it would be.M3: I walked through it quite happily, quite honestly.W2: I felt I must have been very bright at 11 if I sat that exam and passed.N: There were some intriguing results. Almost everyone had a better score at 80 than they did at 11. But some had gone from being just averagely intelligent to a much higher level.I: Now, that’s what really drives our research. We’re interested in: Why have those people who’ve gone (people gone) from IQ 100, at age 11, up to 110 or 120? What have they done right? What can be the recipe for successful aging?We’re finding that the person with more education, even though they had the same IQ in childhood, is doing slightly better in old age, on average. The person who had a more professional job, in old age, is doing slightly better on average than the person who had a manual job, despite the fact that they started at the same level. The people who smoked have got slightly less good mental ability than you would expect.N: What’s even more remar kable is that the kids who had higher IQ scores at 11 are the very ones still alive today. So it seems high IQ in childhood is good for survival.Speaking for municationRole-playScriptsA: Ah, OK, so we need to think of the best ideas for taking tests.B: Yep.A: Er, well, how about this one? It’s a good idea to study with friends at the same time each day.B: Mm, in my opinion, this is a really good idea. You can make it a regular part of your daily life.A: You mean like having breakfast at the same time, lunch at the same time, studying at the same time.B: Yes. And also I think it helps when you study with friends.A: Yeah, I, I think it’s more motivating.B: And you can actually talk to someone, not just look at books. I find that if I’m only reading my notes it’s easy to lose concentration. I start thinking about other things. But when you are talking to someone, it really helps you concentrate. So, yes, I agree with this one.A: OK. Another idea is not to eat too much before the exam.B: Oh, really?A: Mm, when I eat a lot, I get sleepy.B: Oh, I see. I think it depends. Because if you don’t eat enough, you start to feel hungry in the middle of the exam.A: Mm, that’s true.B: And then you can’t concentrate.A: Yeah, that’s true.B: So, I’m not sure about this advice, for me. As I said, I think it depends. I always try to eat a good meal before an exam. I’m so nervous that I never get sleepy.A: Hm. OK. What other ideas do you have?B: Well, there’s one thing I always do before an exam.A: What’s that?B: I go to bed early the night before.A: Right.B: I always try to sleep for eight hours the night before the exam.Further practice in listeningShort conversationsScriptsConversation 1W: It is the third time my paper has been rejected by journals because of language problems.M: You know, there is a writing center on campus. I had never got a grade better than C for any of my term papers before they helped me out.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?Conversation 2M: You said you would choose Spanish as your second foreign language. Why did you finally choose French instead?W: My grandfather speaks fluent French and he says that French is a language that any truly cultured person must know.Q: Why does the woman choose to learn French?Conversation 3W: You seem to have no problem understanding native speakers now. How about Dr. Brown’s speech last night?M: Excellent. But it was still too fast for me to follow, especially when Dr. Brown talked about those abstract theories.Q: What did the man do last night?Conversation 4M: It seems to me that Melissa is in a b ad mood today. What’s wrong with her? W: Melissa forgot to bring her identification card yesterday and she was not allowed to enter the contest. You know she had prepared for the contest for months.Q: What made Melissa unhappy?Conversation 5W: I think my time at school is wasted because it is just studying books and doing tests.M: But you also learn new ideas and new ways of thinking. And more importantly you meet people and develop your understanding of people at school.Q: What does the man think of the woman’s opinion?Long conversationScriptsM: Miranda, let’s speak about your performance in class. You’re not participating; you’re careless with your assignments and often hand them in late. You don’t want to be here, do you?W: I’m sorry Dr. Smith. It’s just … I’ve got lots of things to do. I’m studying Web design and I’m a first-class player on our golf team. It’s hard to see whyI need to take a Spanish language class!M: Well, I’m sorry you feel that way, but learning another la nguage can improve your performance in all of your efforts. And it can be very useful sometimes, for instance, when you visit your father in Mexico.W: Gosh! What do you mean, professor? Just because my father does business in Mexico I’m supposed to lea rn Spanish – on top of everything else I have to learn? It’s just too much! And if I don’t spend enough time on the golf course, I won’t remain a first-class player on the golf team. I still don’t see why I should learn a language that’s so hard for me. Th ere are no verb tenses on the golf course or in Web design!M: Listen Miranda, I’ve known your father since we were students at university20 yearsago – and have known you since you were a little girl. Of course, thereare no verb tenses in golf or Web design. But I am giving you good advice.Please listen.W: Yes, of course, you’re like my favorite uncle.M: Your brain isn’t like a cup that has water flowing over its edge when it is full.Instead, it’s like a muscle. Learning Spanish exercises your b rain in new ways, making it stronger. It will strengthen your critical thinking skills and creativity.W: Really?! Then I guess I can give it a try.Passage 1ScriptsI began learning Spanish when I was in high school, using a traditional academicmethod of studying verbs, sentence structures, and grammar by using textbooks and not much else. I found it very easy to learn, but was frustrated with the slow pace and repetitive nature of all my Spanish classes. So I worked extra hard in my spare time and asked my teacher if I could skip a level by the end of the semester.This was unsuccessful, however, because the school was not willing to test me or otherwise prove that I could be successful in the top level after skipping a level.This made things even more frustrating, as then I was stuck in a class where I already knew the material!Then I went on to college where I then used the language extensively both in and out of the classroom. I studied Spanish literature, culture, and linguistics and very much enjoyed the cultural and linguistic elements, but found the in-depth study of literature a very unbalanced way to study Spanish.I got a lot out of using my Spanish outside of the classroom, including a trip toMexico with a church group, where I found myself acting as an interpreter. It was certainly challenging, but it was also a lot of fun.I then also volunteered to be an interpreter in the munity schools and also usedmy Spanish to teach English to some Spanish speakers. This is probably where I learned the most!Q1: What do we know about the speaker’s Spanish learning experience in high school?Q2: What made the speaker feel frustrated while leaning Spanish in high school? Q3: What did the speaker say about her study of Spanish literature in college?Q4: Which experience benefited the speaker most in terms of her use of Spanish?Passage 2Scripts and answersHave you ever heard of homeschooling? It is a legal choice for parents in most countries to provide their children with a learning environment as an 1) alternative to public or private schools outside the home. Parents cite 2) numerous reasons for homeschooling their children. The three reasons that are selected by the majority of parents in the United States are the concern about the 3) traditional school environment, the lack of religious or moral instruction, and the dissatisfaction with the 4) academicinstruction at public and private schools. Homeschooling may also be a factor in the choice of parenting style. Homeschooling can be a choice for families living in isolated 5) countryside or living briefly abroad. Also many young 6) athletes and actors are taught at home.Homeschoolers often 7) take advantage of educational opportunities at museums, libraries, munity centers, athletic clubs, after-school programs, churches, parks, and other munity resources. 8) Secondary school level students may take classes at munity colleges, which typically have open admission policies.Groups of homeschooling families often join up together to create homeschool co-ops. These groups typically meet once a week and provide a classroom environment. These are family- centered support groups whose members seek to pool their talents and resources 9) in a collectiveeffort to broaden the scope of their children’s education. They provide a classroom environment where students can do hands-on and group learning such as performing, science experiments, art projects, foreign language study, spelling contests, discussions, etc. Parents whose children take the classes 10) serve as volunteers to keep costs low and make the program a success.Unit 2 Journey into the unknownListening to the worldSharingScriptsF = Finn; W1 = Woman 1, etc.; M1 = Man 1, etc.Part 1F: I’ve spent a lot of time living in different countries so there isn’t one place I think of as home. I’ve lived in Scotland and Pola nd and China. I love going to new places and learning about new cultures. Today, I’m asking people about travel.Part 2W1: I love travel. It’s one of my passions.M1: Well, I enjoy it a lot. I have traveled to India several times. I lived there, and I’ve lived here, and I’ve been to Istanbul once and I enjoyed that very much. W2: I’ve done quite a bit of traveling on holidays and stuff. I think it’s good, good experience.W3: You get to meet different people ing from different backgrounds, and that’s really important to get an understanding.M2: It’s always just nice to get out and experience a different culture and different lifestyle.W4: I get very excited about the thought of going to most countries, any country. W5: I love to travel to different countries.M3: Absolutely love traveling. I’ve been traveling for about two and a half years solid now.W6: I’ve been to Turkey. I’ve been to Egypt. I’ve be en to Malta.M4: I work as an expedition leader and so I actually operate in different countries around the world, many places outside the United Kingdom.Part 3F: What do you like about traveling?M3: I think you mature a lot when you travel. You, er, you learn … oh, just pletely different experiences to what you’re used to at home.W6: I like the airport experience. I love that.M5: I like the arrival more than the traveling.W5: To see art especially. We love to see theater in other countries.M4: You see some, some of the most beautiful scenery around the world which you wouldn’t experience in other countries.M2: I just really like getting out there and experiencing a different culture, getting far away from, you know, what we’re used to in Australia, and meeting new people.W4: The anticipation of being in a new place, of seeing very different things, er, of hearing a different language, (and) of eating different food. Everything that travel has to offer.Part 4F: What don’t you like?W6: I don’t like long flights.W3: I suppose plane journeys aren’t always the most exciting of things.W1: Flying. I don’t particularly like flying, but it’s a necessity when you live in Ireland, you know.M2: I suppose the biggest problem I have with traveling is living out of a suitcase. W4: In all honesty, I actually see the whole travel as an adventure in itself. So, er, when, when I was backpacking, and we all … we ran out of money, or we were in dangerous situations, I actually quite enjoyed that.M4: You spend a lot of time outside the United Kingdom, and the disadvantage of that is, that you, you tend to miss families and friends. I miss out on normal things in life, so … I’ve been outside the United Kingdom for two t hirds of the year. I’d say that’s the main disadvantage.W5: The hardest thing for me is that I am handicapped. And so sometimes getting around, especially very old cities, is very difficult.M5: My wife’s usually late for … getting to the airport. It wasn’t until I, I got married I actually started missing flights.ListeningScriptsOne place that I think everyone should have the chance to see is Venice. But the problem is that this beautiful and charming city is slowly sinking. Ever since the 14th century engineers have tried to work out a way to stop the floods in Venice, but so far nobody has managed. Sometimes there are as many as 40 floods per year between March and September, and Venice is actually sinking at a rate of two and a half inches ev ery decade. It’s very possible that your grandchildren, and their grandchildren will never have the chance to see this fragile city. Everyone should have the chance to enjoy the city, to walk across its famous bridges, through its ancient squares. There are no cars in Venice, and many people think it helps this to be one of the most romantic cities in the world. So, can it be saved?Well, they are trying. Barriers are being put in to try and stop the water getting too high. This is viewed as a temporary measure, although they should last 100 years, so the problem is finding a permanent solution. If you want my advice, gothere while you still can, and then together we can put pressure on the government to spend the money it needs to find a permanent way to keep this beautiful and historic city for future generations. We have an opportunity now to save this city, and we must, before it’s too late.ViewingScriptsV = Voice-over; M1 = Man 1, etc.; JL = Joanna Lumley; W1 = Woman 1, etc.; EH = Eamonn Holmes; JJE = Jocelyn Jee Esien; AF = Alex Fraser;JP = John Palmer; MJ = Melanie Jones; LS = Lucy Sassoon; Vs = VoicesV: There are so many amazing places to see around the world. Here are some of your favorites. Wele to Bangkok! With over six million peop le, it’s big, it’s busy and you love it! It’s very good for shopping and the nightlife is great, too.M1: It’s got lots of clubs, bars, shops, food … Everything you need, really.V: There are 400 temples in Bangkok, so Bangkok is an important place for Buddhists around the world, and tourists love to visit the temples, too.V: You also love the Masai Mara in Kenya. It’s a fantastic place to watch animals: zebras, elephants, antelope, hippos, and lions. You can see them all. So, why is it so special?JL: Huge open spaces, fantastic animals, just wide open freedom, warmth, friendliness, and all underneath the great African skies.V: Now a popular, romantic city … the city of lights, Paris.W1: To me, Paris is elegant, romantic and expensive.W2: Go in the spring and enjoy the art galleries.V: And enjoy the views of the city from the top of the Eiffel Tower.V: Back to Africa now, South Africa. Yes, it’s Cape Town. And behind Cape Town is the 1,000-meter-high Table Mountain, with its fantastic views.EH: Cape Town is one of my top three places on earth.JJE: Friendly people, loads of beaches, and the food is unbelievably cheap.M2: We went there um, over New Year and it was lovely. I mean, just a lovely, lovely place.EH: Great place, Cape Town.V: You love the mountains and beaches that make Cape Town so special. And these little guys – the penguins.V: This is the big moment: the number one place to see before you die. Your favorite is … the Grand Canyon! The Grand Canyon is an amazing place. Youcan read about the Grand Canyon and you can look at photographs and videos, but nothing can prepare you for the real thing.AF: There is so much to see that you never stop seeing something new.JP: The colors are just so … amazing.MJ: With every changing inch of the sunset, the colors in the canyon change. LS: I remember actually sitting there … and I just cried.V: But there’s only one word that everyone says when they talk about the Grand Canyon:Vs: It really is awesome … Just pletely awesome … Awesome … “Awesome” is the word … It was awesome … Awesome … Awesome … “Awesome” is the only word … Truly awesome.Speaking for municationRole-playScriptsConversation 1Man: Excuse me. We’re trying to get to the carnival. Is this the right bus stop? Woman: Yes, but you don’t need the bus. It’s very close.Man: Oh! Can we walk?Woman: Yes, it takes about 10 minutes from here. Just go straight on. You’ll hear the music! Man: OK. Thank you very much.Conversation 2Woman: Excuse me, can you help me? I’m looking for the Plaza Hotel. Is this the right way?Man: Um … Plaza Hotel, er, Plaza Hotel. Oh, yes, keep going, past the cinema and take thefirst left.Woman: OK.Man: Then keep going for about 15 minutes until you reach the end of the road.And you’ll see the sign for the hotel. You can’t miss it.Woman: OK. Um, can you show me on the map?Man: Sure.Man 1: Excuse me, we want to get to The Grand Motel. Is it far?Woman: Um … sorry, I’ve no idea. Jim, do you know?Man 2: What?Woman: The Grand Motel?Man 2: The Grand Motel? Yeah, it’s just over there. Er, just go to the end of this street. Go left and go past the … um … there’s a restaurant. Go past therestaurant and it’s on the left.Man 1: On the left. So I need to go to the end of the street, turn left, go past the restaurant and it’s on the left. Man 2: Yeah, that’s it.Man 1: Thanks a lot.Group discussionScriptsOK, well, we would like to go to Easter Island. It is very isolated, very far from other places. Er, we are going to travel there by plane and stay with different families and the trip is going to take three months. We want to experience the local culture, their music, food, and way of life. So our plan is to speak to the local people about these things and to film them. We hope to find out about their traditions and to see what they think of their history. Well, um, finally, my husband and I always wanted to go to Easter Island. I read about it when I was a child and I saw pictures of these amazing stone heads on the island. So for us this is the journey of our dreams.Further practice in listeningShort conversationsScriptsConversation 1M: I still can’t decide whether we should have a whole package tour or a self-drive tour.W: A whole package tour means having to spend time in the confined quarters ofa coach, bus or train with people you are not familiar with, but considering ourbudget, perhaps we have to sacrifice fort and privacy.Q: What does the woman say about a whole package tour?W: I was so shocked when I saw the tiny, dirty houses where the children grew up.M: So was I. I’m afraid that they don’t have enough food, let alone go to school. Next time we should have our daughter e with us. She always takes things for granted. Q: What are the two speakers planning to do?Conversation 3M: I will say it again: India is not a safe place for a woman to travel alone.W: But if I wear the proper clothes, and learn the cultural dos and don’ts, it sh ould be fine. Please don’t be so alarmed.Q: What will the woman do?Conversation 4W: I’m going to travel with my five-year-old this summer. But I feel kind of uncertain whether things will work out.M: You know Jane? She and her husband spend every holiday traveling in a jeep with their son and dog. Probably you should go to herbefore you go.Q: What does the woman feel uncertain about?Conversation 5M: Many people love a good story about somebody traveling in time – either to repair the future, or to observe the past. Why are time travel stories so popular? W: I think it’s human nature to dream of what-ifs. What if I couldsee an alien? Q: What are the two speakers talking about?Long conversationScriptsM: It’s good to have you back at work Emily. How was your trip to the Amazon rainforest?W: It was like a spectacular dream; I saw so many more things than I ever could have imagined. The plan ts are so thick that you couldn’t even see the sun or the sky above, and there are more shades of green than I’ve seen before in my life!M: Wow, with so many plants, how did you get around?W: We rode a tour boat down the Amazon River – it connects the whole jungle, and the local people use it to travel, too. It’s amazing being somewhere so faraway from technology, without any electricity for miles and miles. The local people don’t even see the world outside of the jungle, never traveling more than 15 minutes up or down the river their whole lives!M: What an entirely different lifestyle! It must be pletely different there. Did you get to meet any of the villagers?W: Oh yes! Here’s the story: I finished a smallblue bottle of wine and was about to throw it away. The tour guide told me to save it. Later, when we arrived at one of the villages, he introduced me to an old woman there who greeted our boat. I gave her the wine bottle as a gift. She looked at it like a great treasure, and she said that it would be an honored prize for her hut. I was shocked that something so small and mon for me – could mean so much!M: Emily, I suppose we really take modern life for granted.Q1: What does the woman say about the plants in the Amazon rainforest?Q2: What does the woman say about the local people?Q3: Why was the old woman in the village so excited?Q4: What has the woman learned from her traveling experience?Passage 1ScriptsI believe watching nature programs on television is not going to give us and our children a real experience of nature. On the contrary, they may distance us from nature – actual nature – even further.Because real nature experiences mean contact with nature. It means being with and within nature, to experience it with all five senses.True, TV programs give us joy but they will never be able to help us form a relationship with nature. We watch our small screens e alive with the vivid colors and we all let out “aahhhh …” and “wooooow”. But, never once will we feel the pleasure of being close to nature.Worse still –the programs such as those on the Discovery Channel make nature seem so strange, and so far away, in the forests of the Amazon or in the wilds of Africa. Children may grow up without even realizing that the flowers, plants or a couple of trees in their backyard are nature and they are equally precious. The truth is –nature is so close to us. We don’t need to go anywhere far to enjoy such experiences. It is right there in our backyards. Or, in parks, gardens, forests, or national parks.。

Unit 1Life is a learning curveListening to the worldSharingScriptsH = Hina; W1 = Woman 1, etc.; M1 = Man 1, etc.Part 1H: I have a full-time job but I like learning new things in my spare time. At the moment, I’m studying Spanish. I’m enjoying it but I’m finding it quite difficult. Today we’re asking people about learning new things.Part 2W1: I’m learning to speak another language, actually. I’m learning French. I’m also learning, er, to drive.W2: I’m learning to play golf at the moment. Um, my husband and my son play golf, and when we go on holiday, I feel that I want to be able to play with them.W3: I’m learning to speak Spanish.W4: I am learning Arabic.M1: Well, I’ve been learning to play the guitar for about 50 years now. And it’s a constant process, so still learning bits, yes.W5: I’m learning yoga at the moment, and I’m finding it quite hard.M2: The courses I’m taking are, are training courses for leadership, er, negotiation, (and) evaluation. M3: I’m learning Swahili.W6: At the moment, I’m learning to paint and draw in evening classes for adults.W7: I’m studying part-time after work.M4: I’ve er, just learned how to er, do a lot of kayaking.W8: I am learning how to design a website at the moment.W9: I’m in a choir so singing, I guess, is pretty much the only thing I’m doing at the moment.M5: At the moment, I’m taking up a new instrument. It’s a traditional instrument from Zimbabwe, and it’s called the mbira. Er, let me show you.Part 3H: What’s the most difficult thing you’ve ever learned?M5: Patience, I think.W4: Arabic.M2: Courage.W3: Learning a language is particularly difficult for myself (me), so probably learning the Spanish. W6: The most difficult thing I have ever learned is Mandarin Chinese. I did it in evening classes a few years ago and I found it really, really difficult.W5: Probably capoeira, which is a Brazilian dance, martial art, fight thing. It’s a combination of all of these things. And yes, that was very difficult because there were lots of unusual body movements to learn.W1: Learning to drive was the most difficult thing.M3: Well, I learned some Sanskrit, and that’s got um, nine cases, two more than Latin. It’s quite difficult by most standards.M4: I think I found French very hard at school.W2: Um, I learned to play the trumpet at school. That was pretty difficult. Er ... and maybe learning to drive. I hated learning to drive.ListeningScriptsP = presenter; S = SallyP: Hi. You’re listening to Ask the Expert and in today’s program we’re talking about languages and how to learn a language. Our expert today is Sally Parker, who is a teacher. Hi Sally.S: Hello.P: Sally, our first question today is from Andy. He says, “I’ve just started learning English. My problem is that I’m too frightened to speak. My grammar is not very good, so I’m worried about saying the wrong thing.” Have you got any advice for Andy?S: OK. Well, the first thing is I think Andy should practice speaking to himself.P: Speaking to himself? I’m not sure that’s a good idea.S: I know it sounds silly, but talking to yourself in a foreign language is a really good way to practice.You don’t have to feel embarrassed, because nobody can hear you. You can talk to yourself about anything you like – what you had for breakfast, where you’re going for the weekend – anything.And the more you do it, the more you will get used to hearing your own voice and your pronunciation, so you won’t feel so frightened in the classroom. Andy should try it.P: Hm, I suppose so. Anything else? What about his grammar?S: He has only just started learning English, so he is going to make lots of mistakes, but that’s nota problem. That’s how he’ll learn. Andy shouldn’t worry about making mistakes.P: You’re right. So Andy, try talking to yourself, and don’t worry about making mistakes. Our next problem comes from Olivia in Brazil. She is worried about pronunciation. She says, “The problem is I can’t understand native speakers. They speak so fast and I can’t understand their pronunciation.” So Sally, any ideas for Olivia?S: Well, first of all it’s a good idea for her to practice her listening skills. She should listen to English as much as possible to get used to how it sounds. Listen to the news, listen to podcasts, (and) watch English television.P: OK – that’s a good idea.S: And another thing she should do is to focus on listening and reading at the same time. If you listen to something on the Internet, you can often read the transcript. If you listen and read at the same time, it’ll help you see what the words sound like and how the words sound when a native speaker is talking.P: Great. Thank you, Sally. Well, huh, I’m afraid that’s all we have time for today, but next week we’ll be …ViewingScriptsN = Narrator; I = Ian Deary; W1 = Woman 1, etc.; M1 = Man 1, etc.N: Recent research into the history of IQ tests in Scotland suggests your IQ score might predict, to an extent at least, your health and even your life expectancy.W1: You have 45 minutes to do the test, OK?M1: OK.N: Bill and Davina are 79 years old. This is the second time they’ve done this test. The first time was in 1932, when every 11-year-old in Scotland was put through an intelligence test. It’s theonly time this kind of mass testing has ever been done in the UK. The results were rediscovered recently in an Edinburgh basement. If you want to know how our intelligence changes as we get older, these results are a potential goldmine.I: We brought hundreds of people back and we got them to sit the exact same test that they had sat when they were aged 11. Now, these people are now 79 or 80 years old. We gave the same instructions. We gave the same test. And we gave the same time limit.M2: It was a little stickier than I thought it would be.M3: I walked through it quite happily, quite honestly.W2: I felt I must have been very bright at 11 if I sat that exam and passed.N: There were some intriguing results. Almost everyone had a better score at 80 than they did at 11.But some had gone from being just averagely intelligent to a much higher level.I: Now, that’s what really drives our research. We’re interested in: Why have those people who’ve gone (people gone) from IQ 100, at age 11, up to 110 or 120? What have they done right? What can be the recipe for successful aging? We’re finding that the person with more education, even though they had the same IQ in childhood, is doing slightly better in old age, on average. The person who had a more professional job, in old age, is doing slightly better on average than the person who had a manual job, despite the fact that they started at the same level. The people who smoked have got slightly less good mental ability than you would expect.N: What’s even more remarkable is that the kids who had higher IQ scores at 11 are the very ones still alive today. So it seems high IQ in childhood is good for survival.Speaking for communicationRole-playScriptsA: Ah, OK, so we need to think of the best ideas for taking tests.B: Yep.A: Er, well, how about this one? It’s a good idea to study with friends at the same time each day. B: Mm, in my opinion, this is a really good idea. You can make it a regular part of your daily life. A: You mean like having breakfast at the same time, lunch at the same time, studying at the same time.B: Yes. And also I think it helps when you study with friends.A: Yeah, I, I think it’s more motivating.B: And you can actually talk to someone, not just look at books. I find that if I’m only reading my notes it’s easy to lose concentration. I start thinking about other things. But when you are talking to someone, it really helps you concentrate. So, yes, I agree with this one.A: OK. Another idea is not to eat too much before the exam.B: Oh, really?A: Mm, when I eat a lot, I get sleepy.B: Oh, I see. I think it depends. Because if you don’t eat enough, you start to feel hungry in the middle of the exam.A: Mm, that’s true.B: And then you can’t concentrate.A: Yeah, that’s true.B: So, I’m not sure about this advice, for me. As I said, I think it depends. I always try to eat a good meal before an exam. I’m so nervous that I never get sleepy.A: Hm. OK. What other ideas do you have?B: Well, there’s one thing I always do before an exam.A: What’s that?B: I go to bed early the night before.A: Right.B: I always try to sleep for eight hours the night before the exam.Further practice in listeningShort conversationsScriptsConversation 1W: It is the third time my paper has been rejected by journals because of language problems.M: You know, there is a writing center on campus. I had never got a grade better than C for any of my term papers before they helped me out.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?Conversation 2M: You said you would choose Spanish as your second foreign language. Why did you finally choose French instead?W: My grandfather speaks fluent French and he says that French is a language that any truly cultured person must know.Q: Why does the woman choose to learn French?Conversation 3W: You seem to have no problem understanding native speakers now. How about Dr. Brown’s speech last night?M: Excellent. But it was still too fast for me to follow, especially when Dr. Brown talked about those abstract theories.Q: What did the man do last night?Conversation 4M: It seems to me that Melissa is in a bad mood today. What’s wrong with her?W: Melissa forgot to bring her identification card yesterday and she was not allowed to enter the contest. You know she had prepared for the contest for months.Q: What made Melissa unhappy?Conversation 5W: I think my time at school is wasted because it is just studying books and doing tests.M: But you also learn new ideas and new ways of thinking. And more importantly you meet people and develop your understanding of people at school.Q: What does the man think of the woman’s opinion?Long conversationScriptsM: Miranda, let’s speak about your performance in class. You’re not participating; you’re careless with your assignments and often hand them in late. You don’t want to be here, do you?W: I’m sorry Dr. Smith. It’s just … I’ve got lots of things to do. I’m studying Web design and I’ma first-class player on our golf team. It’s hard to see why I need to take a Spanish language class!M: Well, I’m sorry you feel that way, but learning another language can improve your performance in all of your efforts. And it can be very useful sometimes, for instance, when you visit your father in Mexico.W: Gosh! What do you mean, professor? Just because my father does business in Mexico I’m supposed to learn Spanish – on top of everything else I have to learn? It’s just too much! And ifI don’t spend enough time on the golf course, I won’t remain a first-class player on the golf team.I still don’t see why I should learn a language that’s so hard for me. There are no verb tenses onthe golf course or in Web design!M: Listen Miranda, I’ve known your father since we were students at university 20 years ago – and have known you since you were a little girl. Of course, there are no verb tenses in golf or Web design. But I am giving you good advice. Please listen.W: Yes, of course, you’re like my favorite uncle.M: Your brain isn’t like a cup that has water flowing over its edge when it is full. Instead, it’s like a muscle. Learning Spanish exercises your brain in new ways, making it stronger. It will strengthen your critical thinking skills and creativity.W: Really?! Then I guess I can give it a try.Passage 1ScriptsI began learning Spanish when I was in high school, using a traditional academic method of studyingverbs, sentence structures, and grammar by using textbooks and not much else. I found it very easy to learn, but was frustrated with the slow pace and repetitive nature of all my Spanish classes. So I worked extra hard in my spare time and asked my teacher if I could skip a level by the end of the semester.This was unsuccessful, however, because the school was not willing to test me or otherwise prove that I could be successful in the top level after skipping a level. This made things even more frustrating, as then I was stuck in a class where I already knew the material!Then I went on to college where I then used the language extensively both in and out of theclassroom. I studied Spanish literature, culture, and linguistics and very much enjoyed the cultural and linguistic elements, but found the in-depth study of literature a very unbalanced way to study Spanish.I got a lot out of using my Spanish outside of the classroom, including a trip to Mexico with achurch group, where I found myself acting as an interpreter. It was certainly challenging, but it was also a lot of fun.I then also volunteered to be an interpreter in the community schools and also used my Spanishto teach English to some Spanish speakers. This is probably where I learned the most!Q1: What do we know about the speaker’s Spanish learning experience in high school?Q2: What made the speaker feel frustrated while leaning Spanish in high school?Q3: What did the speaker say about her study of Spanish literature in college?Q4: Which experience benefited the speaker most in terms of her use of Spanish?Passage 2Scripts and answersHave you ever heard of homeschooling? It is a legal choice for parents in most countries to provide their children with a learning environment as an 1) alternative to public or private schools outside the home. Parents cite 2) numerous reasons for homeschooling their children. The three reasons that are selected by the majority of parents in the United States are the concern about the 3) traditional school environment, the lack of religious or moral instruction, and the dissatisfaction with the 4) academic instruction at public and private schools. Homeschooling may also be a factor in the choice of parenting style. Homeschooling can be a choice for families living in isolated 5) countryside or living briefly abroad. Also many young 6) athletes and actors are taught at home.Homeschoolers often 7) take advantage of educational opportunities at museums, libraries, community centers, athletic clubs, after-school programs, churches, parks, and other community resources. 8) Secondary school level students may take classes at community colleges, which typically have open admission policies.Groups of homeschooling families often join up together to create homeschool co-ops. These groups typically meet once a week and provide a classroom environment. These are family- centered support groups whose members seek to pool their talents and resources 9) in a collective effort to broaden the scope of their children’s education. They provide a classroom environment where students can do hands-on and group learning such as performing, science experiments, art projects, foreign language study, spelling contests, discussions, etc. Parents whose children take the classes 10) serve as volunteers to keep costs low and make the program a success.Unit 2 Journey into the unknownListening to the worldSharingScriptsF = Finn; W1 = Woman 1, etc.; M1 = Man 1, etc.Part 1F: I’ve spent a lot of time living in different countries so there isn’t one place I think of as home.I’ve lived in Scotland and Poland and China. I love going to new places and learning about new cultures. Today, I’m asking people about travel.Part 2W1: I love travel. It’s one of my passions.M1: Well, I enjoy it a lot. I have traveled to India several times. I lived there, and I’ve lived here, and I’ve been to Istanbul once and I enjoyed that very much.W2: I’ve done quite a bit of traveling on holidays and stuff. I think it’s good, good experience.W3: You get to meet different people coming from different backgrounds, and that’s really important to get an understanding.M2: It’s always just nice to get out and experience a different culture and different lifestyle.W4: I get very excited about the thought of going to most countries, any country.W5: I love to travel to different countries.M3: Absolutely love traveling. I’ve been traveling for about two and a half years solid now.W6: I’ve been to Turkey. I’ve been to Egypt. I’ve been to Malta.M4: I work as an expedition leader and so I actually operate in different countries around the world, many places outside the United Kingdom.Part 3F: What do you like about traveling?M3: I think you mature a lot when you travel. You, er, you learn … oh, just completely different experiences to what you’re used to at home.W6: I like the airport experience. I love that.M5: I like the arrival more than the traveling.W5: To see art especially. We love to see theater in other countries.M4: You see some, some of the most beautiful scenery around the world which you wouldn’t experience in other countries.M2: I just really like getting out there and experiencing a different culture, getting far away from, you know, what we’re used to in Australia, and meeting new people.W4: The anticipation of being in a new place, of seeing very different things, er, of hearing a different language, (and) of eating different food. Everything that travel has to offer.Part 4F: What don’t you like?W6: I don’t like long flights.W3: I suppose plane journeys aren’t always the most exciting of things.W1: Flying. I don’t particularly like flying, but it’s a necessity when you live in Ireland, you know. M2: I suppose the biggest problem I have with traveling is living out of a suitcase.W4: In all honesty, I actually see the whole travel as an adventure in itself. So, er, when, when I was backpacking, and we all … we ran out of money, or we were in dangerous situations, I actually quite enjoyed that.M4: You spend a lot of time outside the United Kingdom, and the disadvantage of that is, that you, you tend to miss families and friends. I miss out on normal things in life, so … I’ve been outside the United Kingdom for two thirds of the year. I’d say that’s the main disadvantage.W5: The hardest thing for me is that I am handicapped. And so sometimes getting around, especially very old cities, is very difficult.M5: My wife’s usually late for … getting to the airport. It wasn’t until I, I got married I actually started missing flights.ListeningScriptsOne place that I think everyone should have the chance to see is Venice. But the problem is that this beautiful and charming city is slowly sinking. Ever since the 14th century engineers have tried to work out a way to stop the floods in Venice, but so far nobody has managed. Sometimes there are as many as 40 floods per year between March and September, and Venice is actually sinking at a rate of two and a half inches every decade. It’s very possible that your grandchildren, and their grandchildren will never have the chance to see this fragile city. Everyone should have the chance to enjoy the city, to walk across its famous bridges, through its ancient squares. There are no cars in Venice, and many people think it helps this to be one of the most romantic cities in the world. So, can it be saved?Well, they are trying. Barriers are being put in to try and stop the water getting too high. This is viewed as a temporary measure, although they should last 100 years, so the problem is finding a permanent solution. If you want my advice, go there while you still can, and then together we can put pressure on the government to spend the money it needs to find a permanent way to keep this beautiful and historic city for future generations. We have an opportunity now to save this city, and we must, before it’s too late.ViewingScriptsV = V oice-over; M1 = Man 1, etc.; JL = Joanna Lumley; W1 = Woman 1, etc.;EH = Eamonn Holmes; JJE = Jocelyn Jee Esien; AF = Alex Fraser;JP = John Palmer; MJ = Melanie Jones; LS = Lucy Sassoon; Vs = VoicesV: There are so many amazing places to see around the world. Here are some of your favorites.Welcome to Bangkok! With over six million people, it’s big, it’s busy and you love it! It’s very good for shopping and the nightlife is great, too.M1: It’s got lots of clubs, bars, shops, food … Everything you need, really.V: There are 400 temples in Bangkok, so Bangkok is an important place for Buddhists around the world, and tourists love to visit the temples, too.V: You also love the Masai Mara in Kenya. It’s a fantastic place to watch animals: zebras, elephants, antelope, hippos, and lions. You can see them all. So, why is it so special?JL: Huge open spaces, fantastic animals, just wide open freedom, warmth, friendliness, and all underneath the great African skies.V: Now a popular, romantic city … the city of lights, Paris.W1: To me, Paris is elegant, romantic and expensive.W2: Go in the spring and enjoy the art galleries.V: And enjoy the views of the city from the top of the Eiffel Tower.V: Back to Africa now, South Africa. Yes, it’s Cape Town. And behind Cape Town is the 1,000-meter-high Table Mountain, with its fantastic views.EH: Cape Town is one of my top three places on earth.JJE: Friendly people, loads of beaches, and the food is unbelievably cheap.M2: We went there um, over New Year and it was lovely. I mean, just a lovely, lovely place.EH: Great place, Cape Town.V: You love the mountains and beaches that make Cape Town so special. And these little guys – the penguins.V: This is the big moment: the number one place to see before you die. Your favorite is … the Grand Canyon! The Grand Canyon is an amazing place. You can read about the Grand Canyon and you can look at photographs and videos, but nothing can prepare you for the real thing.AF: There is so much to see that you never stop seeing something new.JP: The colors are just so … amazing.MJ: With every changing inch of the sunset, the colors in the canyon change.LS: I remember actually sitting there … and I just cried.V: But there’s only one word that everyone says when they talk about the Grand Canyon:Vs: It really is awesome … Just completely awesome … Awesome … “Awesome” is the word … It was awesome … Awesome … Awesome … “Awesome” is the only word … Truly awesome. Speaking for communicationRole-playScriptsConversation 1Man: Excuse me. We’re trying to get to the carnival. Is this the right bus stop?Woman: Yes, but you don’t need the bus. It’s very close.Man: Oh! Can we walk?Woman: Yes, it takes about 10 minutes from here. Just go straight on. You’ll hear the music! Man: OK. Thank you very much.Conversation 2Woman: Excuse me, can you help me? I’m looking for the Plaza Hotel. Is this the right way? Man: Um … Plaza Hotel, er, Plaza Hotel. Oh, yes, keep going, past the cinema and take the first left.Woman: OK.Man: Then keep going for about 15 minutes until you reach the end of the road. And you’ll see the sign for the hotel. You can’t miss it.Woman: OK. Um, can you show me on the map?Man: Sure.Conversation 3Man 1: Excuse me, we want to get to The Grand Motel. Is it far?Woman: Um … sorry, I’ve no idea. Jim, do you know?Man 2: What?Woman: The Grand Motel?Man 2: The Grand Motel? Yeah, it’s just over there. Er, just go to the end of this street. Go left and go past the … um … there’s a restaurant. Go past the restaurant and it’s on the left. Man 1: On the left. So I need to go to the end of the street, turn left, go past the restaurant and it’s on the left. Man 2: Yeah, that’s it.Man 1: Thanks a lot.Group discussionScriptsOK, well, we would like to go to Easter Island. It is very isolated, very far from other places. Er, we are going to travel there by plane and stay with different families and the trip is going to take three months. We want to experience the local culture, their music, food, and way of life. So our plan is to speak to the local people about these things and to film them. We hope to find out about their traditions and to see what they think of their history. Well, um, finally, my husband and I always wanted to go to Easter Island. I read about it when I was a child and I saw pictures of these amazing stone heads on the island. So for us this is the journey of our dreams.Further practice in listeningShort conversationsScriptsConversation 1M: I still can’t decide whether we should have a whole package tour or a self-drive tour.W: A whole package tour means having to spend time in the confined quarters of a coach, bus or train with people you are not familiar with, but considering our budget, perhaps we have to sacrifice comfort and privacy.Q: What does the woman say about a whole package tour?Conversation 2W: I was so shocked when I saw the tiny, dirty houses where the children grew up.M: So was I. I’m afraid that they don’t have enough food, let alone go to school. Next time we should have our daughter come with us. She always takes things for granted. Q: What are the two speakers planning to do?Conversation 3M: I will say it again: India is not a safe place for a woman to travel alone.W: But if I wear the proper clothes, and learn the cultural dos and don’ts, it should be fine. Please don’t be so alarmed.Q: What will the woman do?Conversation 4W: I’m going to travel with my five-year-old this summer. But I feel kind of uncertain whether things will work out.M: You know Jane? She and her husband spend every holiday traveling in a jeep with their son and dog. Probably you should go to her before you go.Q: What does the woman feel uncertain about?Conversation 5M: Many people love a good story about somebody traveling in time – either to repair the future, or to observe the past. Why are time travel stories so popular?W: I think it’s human nature to dream of what-ifs. What if I could see an alien? Q:What are the two speakers talking about?Long conversationScriptsM: It’s good to have you back at work Emily. How was your trip to the Amazon rainforest?W: It was like a spectacular dream; I saw so many more things than I ever could have imagined. The plants are so thick that you couldn’t even see the sun or the sky above, and there are more shades of green than I’ve seen before in my life!M: Wow, with so many plants, how did you get around?W: We rode a tour boat down the Amazon River – it connects the whole jungle, and the local people use it to travel, too. It’s amazing being somewhere so far away from technology, without any electricity for miles and miles. The local people don’t even see the world outside of the jungle, never traveling more than 15 minutes up or down the river their whole lives!M: What an entirely different lifestyle! It must be completely different there. Did you get to meet any of the villagers?W: Oh yes! Here’s the story: I finished a small blue bottle of wine and was about to throw it away.The tour guide told me to save it. Later, when we arrived at one of the villages, he introduced me to an old woman there who greeted our boat. I gave her the wine bottle as a gift. She looked at it like a great treasure, and she said that it would be an honored prize for her hut. I was shocked that something so small and common for me – could mean so much!M: Emily, I suppose we really take modern life for granted.Q1: What does the woman say about the plants in the Amazon rainforest?Q2: What does the woman say about the local people?Q3: Why was the old woman in the village so excited?Q4: What has the woman learned from her traveling experience?Passage 1ScriptsI believe watching nature programs on television is not going to give us and our children a real experience of nature. On the contrary, they may distance us from nature – actual nature – even further.Because real nature experiences mean contact with nature. It means being with and within nature, to experience it with all five senses.True, TV programs give us joy but they will never be able to help us form a relationship with nature. We watch our small screens come alive with the vivid colors and we all let out “aahhhh …” and “wooooow”. But, never once will we feel the pleasure of being close to nature.Worse still – the programs such as those on the Discovery Channel make nature seem so strange, and so far away, in the forests of the Amazon or in the wilds of Africa. Children may grow up without even realizing that the flowers, plants or a couple of trees in their backyard are nature and they are。

完整版新标准⼤学英语视听说教程2答案Unit 1Outside view Activity 13.5Activity 2one of the best universities most talented studentswell-known around the world have open doorsgood social lifeyou want it to beon another campusit's a fun placego to concertsduring the weekActivity 3library system onlinethree / 3four / 4Brianleisure purposesthe librarieslistening in Passage 11. 26 2.5 4.3 5.46.2.Listen to Passage 1 again and rearrange the answers in the right column to match those questions in the left column. CeahbgdfPassage 2OC/O/C/O/C/C/O/C/O/OC2.Listen to Passage 2 again and choose the best way to complete the sentences BDDBATestCCBBD CDBCB CActivity 11.Watch the video clip and match the speakers with the statements.K/K/T/S/T/K/S/K Activity 22.3.5Activity 3regardedalongcommunicatingButIfduringasplayslessLISTENING INPassage 11.Listen to Passage 1 and match the colours with the characteristics2.Listen to Passage 1 again and rearrange the colours used in advertisement in the right column to match those products in the left column.Passage 21. Listen to Passage 2 and match the causes below with the people and their feelings in the table.2. Listen to Passage 2 again and rearrange the answers in the right column to match those questions in the left column. CEHABDGFUNIT3OUTSIDE VIEWActivity 1Activity 2gain accesscommit this crime800 crimes / eight hundred crimeswhite femaleActivity 3536241Activity 4BdbbdListening inPassage 11.Listen to Passage 1 and rearrange the answers in the right column to match those questions in the left column.Fdebca2.Passage 21.Anna Blackover a week ago / just over a week agoabout seven / seven / 7malemobile phonetwo men / 2 menfive minutes / 5 minutes2. Listen to Passage 2 again and choose the best way to complete the sentences BaabdUnit 4Outside viewActivity 15163472Activity 2do you mindjournalism, photographyfor two hours / for 2 hoursgetting these invitationson the screenActivity 32.5Activity 4BedacPassage 1(⾸字母⼩写)18 / eighteen10 / ten11 / elevenTelephoneGirlfriendChipsChips10 / tenCookerKitchen3. Listen to Passage 1 again and choose the best way to complete the sentences Daabc Passage 21Listen to Passage 2 and check the correct answers in the tablePassage 2just as manyhow they behavea gardening programme / a gardening programdo very wellto say to thatunit 5outside viewActivity 16517324Activity 2之后会陆续上传其他先到此结束吧答案的期待把Unit52. dawn service(1) remember(2) forgetdied in battleidentifiedone unshakable truthconflictsaround the worldrememberinggo home3. celebrateWhenSinceFromWhose one held those a few will gather Listening in 1. businessman11 years old first namehis second namethe same age asterrible four yearssurviveshis Japanese friendstrengthcourage2. bbbdc1. agriculture2. No3. although4. transport5. tracking6. support7. physical8. uniforms9. fighter station11. German bombers bombed12. contributedUnit 6Outside1. 2,000 years ago hand and foot everyone fitness level Six years self-confidence fun learning something Local clubs look on the website2.cedabListening in1.22.cgfbade1. a sports film a true story the Siula Grande mountain in the Peruvian AndesJoe Simpson and Simon Yates Simpson falls and breaks his leg. cutting from interviews to shots of the climb itself2.abaddUnit 7Outside1. 1 42.really quiet ambassadors for education put your hand up at least 16 years oldup to 60, 70 miles an hour used up all their energy socialized wild animalblind and deaf eat holes in your sofa loose in the house3. being stroked she thinks of the wolf now won't bite she liked stroking the wolf cute, fluffy and cuddlyListening in1.baefcdg2.the developed world His meals were prepared she loved him couldn't use anyway you guessed it their friend or parent love them less1.33 Ten 80 climate change Yes difficult move awaydcacd a2.unit 8outside1.2. eacdb3. ecfbda4. careful negotiation it's my favourite movie You're so sweet too many timesthere's nothing on putting up with it again watch the basketball game1.2.Unit 9Outside1. 17 to 25 100 people Costa Rica ten weeks environmental community adventure2.ddbba3. during a gap year Communities in need get help arranges for taking part in protective environment breed and feed build a storehouse a survival activitylistening in2.baedchfgadca2.unit 10outside1. 135682.dbbac3.listening in2. in technology who we are is a very dangerous thing all this informationin our behaviour young people think some interesting questionspeoplewith 1. computers revolutionized conference send a documentmore slow down2.dfbc gae。

Unit 5—Conversation 1Mark: Have you got your tickets for the play？Kate：What play？Mark: The play which OUDS are producing。

You know，the play I’m in at the Oxford Playhouse。

Kate：Oh，that play！Well, er .。

.Mark: What about you，Janet？Janet：What’s the play called？Mark：Waiting for Godot，by Samuel Beckett。

You are coming，aren’t you？Kate：Beckett？Janet：Why not？Kate: Well, um, I'm sure you'll be totally brilliant，Mark .。

but I wish I could understand the play. It doesn't make sense。

Mark: If only you were more patient，Kate. Beckett's a fascinating writer. You’ll come though, won’t you, Janet？You really ought to see something like this at least once during your stay in Oxford。

Janet: Well，I'm not sure。

Mark: Oh，come on! Please!Jan et: But if Kate doesn’t understand the play，there's no way I'll be able to follow it。