Tao,An et al, Periodic radio variabilities in NRAO 530 a jet-disc connection 2013,MNRAS,438,900

阐述心房颤动听诊特点
心房颤动（Atrial Fibrillation，简称AF）是一种心律失常，通常表现为心房的不规则而迅速的收缩，导致心脏搏动不协调。

心房颤动的听诊特点是医生通过听诊患者心脏区域可以观察到一系列独特的体征和声音。

无规律的心跳：
在心房颤动时，心脏的搏动变得非常不规律。

正常的心跳是有规律的，而在心房颤动中，心脏的搏动失去了正常的节奏，呈现出混乱的状态。

快速而不规则的脉搏：
医生通过测量患者的脉搏可以感觉到心房颤动的存在。

患者的脉搏通常会呈现出快速而不规则的特点，这是由于心房的不协调性导致心室搏动的不规则性。

心音变化：
听诊时，医生可以观察到心音的变化。

典型的心音有两个部分：第一部分是心脏收缩时产生的"Lub"声，第二部分是心脏舒张时产生的"Dub"声。

在心房颤动中，这两个部分的节奏性会受到影响，听起
来可能像是不规律的"lub-dub"声。

心房扑动可能转变为心房颤动：
在某些情况下，心房扑动（Atrial Flutter）可能转变为心房颤动。

心房扑动是另一种心律失常，但与心房颤动相比，其心房搏动呈现出规律的振荡。

在听诊时，医生可以观察到不同的心音模式，有助于区分两者。

可能伴有其他心脏杂音：
由于心房颤动可能与其他心脏问题同时存在，例如心脏瓣膜病变，听诊时可能会出现与心房颤动有关的其他心脏杂音。

总体而言，心房颤动的听诊特点主要体现在心跳的不规律性、脉搏的快速和不规则，以及心音的变化。

这些特点有助于医生初步判断患者是否患有心房颤动，进而进行必要的检查和治疗。

代偿间歇的概念解释代偿间歇是一个医学术语，主要用于描述心电图上的一种现象。

当心脏出现期前收缩时，正常的窦性搏动被替代，导致在期前收缩后出现一个较长的心室舒张期，这就是代偿间歇。

代偿间歇可以分为完全性和不完全性两种类型，根据期前收缩的来源和影响不同。

代偿间歇的出现反映了心脏的自身调节能力，但也可能是一些心脏病的表现。

本文将介绍代偿间歇的定义、分类、机制、临床意义。

一、定义代偿间歇（Compensatory pause）是指在一次期前收缩（Premature contraction）之后，出现的一个较正常情况更长的心室舒张期（Ventricular diastole）。

期前收缩是指心脏在正常窦性节律（Sinus rhythm）之外，提前发生的一次异常收缩。

期前收缩可以发生在心房（Atrial premature contraction），心室（Ventricular premature contraction）或房室交界处（Atrioventricular junctional premature contraction）。

二、分类根据期前收缩是否影响窦房结（Sinoatrial node）的节律，代偿间歇可以分为完全性代偿间歇（Complete compensatory pause）和不完全性代偿间歇（Incomplete compensatory pause）。

2.1 完全性代偿间歇完全性代偿间歇是指在一次期前收缩之后，窦房结的节律没有受到影响，继续按照原来的频率发放冲动。

因此，在期前收缩之后，必须等到下一次窦房结冲动到达心室才能引起心室收缩。

这样，在期前收缩之后就会出现一个较长的心室舒张期，其长度等于两个正常窦性PP间期（PP interval）的总和减去一个期前收缩PQ间期（PQ interval）。

完全性代偿间歇通常见于室性期前收缩或房室交界处期前收缩。

2.2 不完全性代偿间歇不完全性代偿间歇是一种心律失常的现象，它发生在心房或心室提前收缩的情况下。

Radio Frequency Endometrial AblationSurname: Forename:This log book has been designed specifically by Hologic to clearly identify your training needs and track progress. It aims to record experience, understanding and competence of the NovaSure® endometrial ablation system.The log book has 2 main sections:1. Theory: Most topics will be covered in the theoretical Training Day. When you have addressed each subjectin your reading and tutorials, and feel confident about it, then insert the date in the relevant box.2. Practical: Levels 1-4 represents the expected levels of competence and are to be interpreted as follows:Level 1:Observe NovaSure® being carried outLevel 2:Carry out a NovaSure® under direct supervision (your trainer is present throughout)Level 3:Carry out a NovaSure® under indirect supervision (your trainer need not be scrubbed,but should be immediately available for help and advice)Level 4:Independent competence - no supervision neededPractical training should be undertaken at your own hospital with your trainer. Hologic suggests that you undertake:•3 observed cases to meet Level 1 criteria•5 cases managed under direct supervision to meet Level 2 criteria•5 cases managed under indirect supervision to meet Level 3 criteria•5 cases that you have managed independently to meet Level 4 criteriaThere is also an OSATS for performing NovaSure® – please complete regularly to demonstrate progression of training.Additional CasesAdditional CasesAdditional CasesI can confirm that my trainee is now competent to undertake NovaSure ® independently.I can confirm that is now competent to undertake NovaSure ® independently.Title:Hospital/Facility:Trainer:Signature:Date:Signature:Date:Name:Title:Assessor, please tick the candidate’s performance for each of the following factors:Based on the checklist and the Generic Technical Skills Assessment, Dris competent in all areas included in this OSATS is working towards competenceNeeds further help with:Competent to perform the entire procedure without the need for supervisionSigned:Signed:Date:Signed (trainer): Signed (trainee): Date:Self-Verification of competence is undertaken by assessment against the following statements:These statements are designed to indicate competence to use this item. Responsibility for the use remains with the user, so if you are in any doubt regarding your competence to use the item, you should seek education to bring about improvement. Various methods including self-directed learning, coaching and formal training may be initiated (consider local resources, product operating manual, discussion with colleagues or the appropriate key person in your area).Carry out an initial assessment. Y ou must answer yes to all questions before considering yourself to be competent.If you are not competent, instigate learning and then repeat assessment.I certify that I am aware of my professional responsibility for continuing professional development and I realise that I am accountable for my actions. With this in mind I make the following statement:I require further training before I can use this product in a competent mannerI am competent to use this product without further training:Date:Date:Signature:Signature:Indicate how you plan to meet your learning needs:Keep this form in your personal portfolio or training record. Ensure that your Manager receives a copy of the form and enters details of your competence in their records.Statement©2021 Hologic, Inc. Hologic, The Science of Sure, NovaSure and associated logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Hologic, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. This information is intended for medical professionals and is not intended as a product solicitation or promotion where such activities are prohibited. Because Hologic materials are distributed through websites, eBroadcasts and tradeshows, it is not always possible to control where such materials appear. Forspecificinformationonwhatproductsareavailableforsaleinaparticularcountry,**********************************************************************。

1.常用的β受体阻滞剂
阿替洛尔(又叫氨酰心安)
美托洛尔(商品名倍他乐克)
盐酸索他洛尔
2.钙通道选择性阻滞药
维拉帕米、加洛帕米、噻帕米。

硝苯地平、尼卡地平、尼群地平、氨氯地平、尼莫地平、尼索地平。

地尔硫卓、克仑硫卓、二氯夫利。

氟桂利嗪、桂利嗪、利多氟嗪。

普尼拉明。

哌克昔林。

3.血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂（ACEI）
卡托普利、依那普利、西拉普利、奎那普利、雷米普利、苯那普利、培哚普利、螺普利、福辛普利。

4. 血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂
氯沙坦、缬沙坦、厄贝沙坦、坎地沙坦酯及他索沙坦、依普罗沙坦及替米沙坦。

频率——frequency 振幅——amplitude ⾳频——pitch 基⾳——fundamental tone 倍⾳——overtone 和谐⾳——harmonic ⾳⾊——timbre ⽩⾊噪⾳——white noise ⿎膜——eardrum ⽿蜗——cochlea 卵形窗—oval window 圆形窗——round window 前庭——vestibular sacs 半规管——semicircular canals ⾓膜——cornea ⽔晶体——lens 虹膜——iris 瞳孔——pupil 膜——retina 睫状肌——ciliary muscle 调节作⽤——accommodation 脊髓——spinal cord 反射弧——reflex arc 脑⼲——brain stem 计算机轴性线断层扫描——CAT或CT PET——正⼦放射断层摄影 MRI——磁共振显影 延脑——medulla 桥脑——pons ⼩脑——cerebellum 状结构——reticular formation RAS——状活化系统 视丘——thalamus 下视丘——hypothalamus ⼤脑——cerebrum 脑（下）垂体（腺）—pituitary gland 脑半球——cerebral hemisphere ⽪质——cortex 胼胝体——corpus callosum 边缘系统——limbic system 海马体——hippocampus 杏仁核——amygdala 中央沟——central fissure 侧沟——lateral fissure 脑叶——lobe 同卵双⽣⼦——identical twins 异卵双⽣⼦—fraternal twins 古典制约——classical conditioning 操作制约——operant conditioning ⾮制约刺激—（US unconditioned stimulus ⾮制约反应—（UR）unconditioned R. 制约刺激——（CS）conditioned S. 制约反应——（CR）conditioned R. 习（获）得——acquisition 增强作⽤——reinforcement 消除（弱）——extinction ⾃（发性）然恢复——spontaneous recovery 前⾏制约—forward conditioning 同时制约——simultaneous conditioning 回溯制约——backward cond. 痕迹制约——trace conditioning 延宕制约—delay conditioning 类化（梯度）——generalization（gradient） 区辨——discrimination （次级）增强物——（secondary）reinforcer 嫌恶刺激——aversive stimulus 试误学习——trial and error learning 效果率——law of effect 正（负）性增强物—positive（negative）rei. ⾏为塑造—behavior shaping 循序渐进——successive approximation ⾃⾏塑造—autoshaping 部分（连续）增强—partial（continuous）R 定⽐（时）时制—fixed ratio（interval）schedule FR或FI 变化⽐率（时距）时制—variable ratio（interval）schedule VR或VI 逃离反应——escape R. 回避反应—avoidance response 习得⽆助——learned helplessness 顿悟——insight 学习⼼向—learning set 隐内（潜在）学习——latent learning 认知地图——cognitive map ⽣理回馈——biofeedback 敏感递减法-systematic desensitization 普⾥迈克原则—Premack''''s principle 洪⽔法——flooding 观察学习——observational learning 动物⾏为学——ethology 敏感化—sensitization 习惯化——habituation 联结——association 认知学习——cognitional L. 观察学习——observational L. 登录﹑编码——encoding 保留﹑储存——retention 提取——retrieval 回忆——（free recall 全现⼼像﹑照相式记忆——eidetic imagery﹑photographic memory . ⾆尖现象（TOT）—tip of tongue 再认——recognition 再学习——relearning。

心力衰竭(heart failure)心功能不全或心功能障碍(cardiac dysfunction)Systolic insufficiency heart failure 收缩功能不全性心力衰竭[si'stɔlik］Diastolic insufficiency heart failure 舒张功能不全性心力衰daiə’stɔlik] Congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭急性心力衰竭（acute heart failure,AHF)Acute left-sided heart failure 急性左心衰竭慢性心力衰竭(chronic heart failure，CHF）Intractable heart failure 难治性心力衰竭心律失常（cardiac arrhythmia)窦性心动过速（sinus tachycardia）窦性心动过缓(sinus bradycardia)窦性停搏或窦性静止(sinus pause or sinus arrest)窦房传导阻滞（sinoatrial block，SAB，窦房阻滞）病态窦房结综合征（sick sinus syndrome,SSS，简称病窦综合征）心动过缓一心动过速综合征(bradycardia—tachycardia syndrome)房性期前收缩（atrial premature beats)房性心动过速（atrial tachycardia）紊乱性房性心动过速（chaotic atrial tachycardia）=多源性房性心动过速（multifocal atrial tachycardia）自律性房性心动过速（automatic atrial tachycardia）折返性房性心动过速（reentrant atrial tachycardia)房室阻滞的阵发性房性心动过速（paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with A V block, PAT with block）心房扑动(atrial flutter）心房颤动(atrial fibrillation)房室交界区性期前收缩(premature atrioventicular junctional beats)房室交界区性逸搏（A V junctional escape beats)房室交界区性心律(A V junctional rhythm)非阵发性房室交界区性心动过速（nonparoxysmal atrioventricular junctional tachycardia）阵发性室上性心动过速（paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia，PSVT)房室结内折返性心动过速(atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia,A VNRT）利用隐匿性房室旁路的房室折返性心动过速(atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia，A VRT）预激综合征(preexcitation syndrome)Wolf—Parkinson-White综合征(WPW综合征)室性期前收缩（premature ventricular beats)室性并行心律（ventricular parasystole）Systole n. 心脏收缩室性心动过速（ventricular tachycardia）加速性心室自主节律(accelerated idioventricular rhythm）亦称缓慢型室速尖端扭转(torsades de pointes）心室扑动与颤动(ventricular flutter and ventricular fibrillation）房室传导阻滞（atrioventricular block)室内传导阻滞（intraventricular block）右束支阻滞(right bundle branch block,RBBB)左束支阻滞(left bundle branch block，LBBB）左前分支阻滞（left anterior fascicular block)左后分支阻滞（left posterior fascicular block)双分支阻滞与三分支阻滞(bifaseicular block and trifascicular block）心脏骤停(cardiac arrest）心脏性猝死(sudden cardiac death)无脉性电活动(pulseless electrical activity，PEA）=电—机械分离(electromechanical dissociation，EMD)先天性心血管病（congenital cardiovascular diseases）房间隔缺损（atrial septal defect，ASD)室间隔缺损（ventricular septal defect，VSD)动脉导管未闭(patent ductus arteriosus，PDA)先天性二叶主动脉瓣(congenital bicuspid aortic valve)先天性肺动脉瓣狭窄(congenital pulmonary valve stenosis)先天性三尖瓣下移畸形多称之为埃勃斯坦畸形( Ebstein anomaly) 先天性法洛四联症(congenital tetralogy of Fallot）艾森门格综合征(Eisenmenger syndrome)原发性高血压(primary hypertension)Secondary hypertension 继发性高血压Hypertensive crisis 高血压危象Hypertensive urgencyes 高血压急症Hypertensive emergencies 高血压危症Isolated systolic hypertension 单纯收缩期高血压平均动脉血压(MBP Mean arterial blood pressure）收缩压(SBP Systolic blood pressure）舒张压(DBP Diastolic blood pressure )动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis)动脉粥样硬化—血栓形成(atherosclerosis-thrombosis)冠状动脉性心脏病(coronary heart disease）=缺血性心脏病(ischemic heart disease）冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(coronary atherosclerotic heart disease）急性冠脉综合征( acute coronary syndrome，ACS）不稳定型心绞痛(unstable angina，UA）非ST段抬高性心肌梗死(non—ST—segment elevation myocardial infarction，NSTEMI）ST段抬高性心肌梗死（ST—segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI）慢性冠脉病(chronic coronary artery disease，CAD=慢性缺血综合征chronic ischemic syndrome，CIS）稳定型心绞痛（stable angina pectoris）无症状性心肌缺血Cardiovascular neAsymptomatic myocardial ischemia缺血性心肌病Ischemic cardiomyopathy乳头肌功能失调或断裂(dysfunction or rupture of papillary muscle)心脏破裂（rupture of the heart)栓塞（embolism）心室壁瘤（cardiac aneurysm)心肌梗死后综合征（postinfarction syndrome)经皮冠状动脉介入（percutaneous coronary intervention，PCI）二尖瓣狭窄(mitral stenosis）主动脉瓣狭窄(aortic stenosis)二尖瓣关闭不全(mitral incompetence)Acute mitral incompetence 急性二尖瓣关闭不全Chronic mitral incompetence 慢性二尖瓣关闭不全主动脉瓣关闭不全（aortic incompetence)三尖瓣狭窄( tricuspid stenosis)三尖瓣关闭不全(tricuspid incompetence)肺动脉瓣关闭不全（pulmonary incompetence）肺动脉瓣狭窄(pulmonary stenosis)感染性心内膜炎(infective endocarditis，IE)endocarditics（AIE）急性感染性心内膜炎Subacute Infective endocarditis 亚急性感染性心内膜炎自体瓣膜心内膜炎（native valve endocarditis）Prothetic（[,prɔ’θetik］)valve endocarditis 人工瓣膜心内膜炎（修复的）Endocarditis in intravenous drug abusers 静脉药瘾者心内膜炎扩张型心肌病(dilated cardiomyopathy,DCM)肥厚型心肌病(hypertrophic cardiomyopathy，HCM)致心律失常型右室心肌病(arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy，ARVC)旧称为致心律失常右室发育不良(arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia，ARVD)不定型的心肌病( unclassified cardiomyopathies,UCM）特异性心肌病（specific cardiomyopathies）心肌炎(myocarditis）Purulent pericarditis 化脓性心包炎Acute pericarditis 急性心包炎Tuberculous pericarditis 结核性心包炎Constrictive pericarditis 缩窄性心包炎cardiac tamponade心脏压塞；心包填塞；[，tæmpə'neidpericardial tamponade心包压塞［,peri'kɑ:diəl，pericardial constriction心包缩窄Aortic dissection 主动脉夹层左室舒张末压LVEDP (left ventricular end-diastolic pressure)肺毛细血管楔压PCWP（pulmonary capillary wedge pressure）心脏指数CI(Cardiac index）主动脉内球囊反搏IABP(intra-aortic ballon pump）血管紧张素Ⅱ(angiotensinⅡ，AⅡ）心脏重塑(Cardiac remodeling)心钠肽和脑钠肽（atrial natriuretic peptide，ANP and brain natriuretic peptide，BNP)重组人BNP（Recombinant human BNP rhBNP)奈西立肽（Nesiritide)精氨酸加压素（arginine vasopressin，A VP）心房牵张受体(atrialstretch receptors）内皮素(endothelin)阿米洛利（amiloride)卡托普利(captopril）贝那普利(benazepril）培哚普利(perindopril)坎地沙坦（candesatan）、氯沙坦(losartan)、缬沙坦（valsartan）卡维地洛(carvedilol）、比索洛尔(bisoprolol)、艾司洛尔［esmolol]地高辛（digoxin)、洋地黄毒苷（digitoxin)及毛花苷C （lanatoside C，西地兰）、毒毛花苷K（strophanthin K)肼苯达嗪（hydralazine）、硝酸异山梨酯（isosorbidedinitrate）心脏再同步化治疗(cardiac resynchronization therapy,CRT）触发活动( triggered activity）后除极(after depolarization)窦房结恢复时间（sinus node recovery time，SNRT)校正的窦房结恢复时间（corrected SNRT，CSNRT）窦房传导时间(sinoatrial conduction time,SACT）巨大a波（canon wave)动态心电图(Holter ECG monitoring）PA（反映心房内传导）、AH（反映房室结传导)、HV(反映希氏束—普肯耶系统传导)Adams—Stokes(阿斯）综合征莫氏（Mobitz）Ⅰ型即文氏（Wenckebach）阻滞固有心率(intrinsic heart rate,IHR)凝血酶原时间国际标准化比值(INR)房室旁路（accessoryat riovcntricular pathways）或Kent束房-希氏束( atriohisian tracts)结室纤维(nodoventricular fibers)分支室纤维（fasciculoventricular fibers)心肺复苏（Cardiopulmonary resuscitation，CPR）急救医疗系统(emergency medical system, EMS）基础生命活动支持（basic life support,BLS）ABC （airway,breathing，circulation)埋藏式心脏复律除颤器(implantable cardioverter defibrillator，ICD）Cardiogenic shock 心源性休克Pulmonary embolism 肺动脉栓塞Syncope 晕厥［’siŋkəp，'sin-］尿激酶( urokinase，UK)链激酶(streptokinase，SK）或重组链激酶（rSK)重组组织型纤维蛋白溶酶原激活剂（recombinant tissue—type plasminogen activator，rt—PA) 1A。

CT Scan1.radio-ray 放射，辐射radiation 辐射radiologist 放射线研究者2.ren(o)- kidney 肾renal 肾脏的renogram肾探测图3.abdomino- the belly 腹abdominal腹部的4.tom(o) a cutting 切割tomography断层摄影术5.acu- 针，尖锐acute 急性的,尖声的6.appendic(o)- 附件（尤指阑尾）appendicitis 阑尾炎X-Ray1. ion- 离子ion ize ['aɪənaɪz] 离子化vt. 电离；使离子化ion osphere[aɪ'ɒnəsfɪə] [地物] 电离层2. nucleo- 核nucleo n ['nʊklɪɑn] [高能] 核子nucleo nic[,nju:kli'ɔnik] 核的；核子的3.cosmo-宇宙宇宙的cosm ic ['kɒzmɪk] 宇宙的4. electro-电，电子的electro[ɪ'lektrəʊ] 电镀物品vt. 电镀electro nic [ɪlek'trɒnɪk; el-] 电子的5. gene- [dʒi:n] 基因gene tic a[dʒɪ'netɪk] 遗传的；基因的；起源的6. epidemio- 流行epidemio logist[,ɛpɪ,dimɪ'ɑlədʒɪst] 流行病学家epidemio logical['ɛpɪ,dimɪr'lɑdʒɪkl] 流行病学的Cancer Patients Challenge the Patenting of a Gene 1.cyst(o)- 囊，囊肿；膀胱cyst ic ['sistik] 【解剖学】胆囊的；膀胱的cyst itis [sis'taitis] n.【病理学】膀胱炎cystoid ['sistɔid] 似囊肿的；胞囊状的2. fibro- fiber 纤维fibrocystic [,faibrə'sistik] 【解剖学】纤维囊性的fibro sis [fai'brəusis] 【病理学】纤维变性，纤维化fibro ma [fai'brəumə] 【病理学】纤维瘤3. mast(o)- 乳房，乳突mast itiis[mæs'tatis]【病理学】乳腺炎，乳房炎mas toid ['mæstɔid] 【解剖学】乳突，乳突骨mast ic ['mæstɪk] 乳香4. –ectomy 切除术Append ectomy [,æpen'dektəmi] [外科] 阑尾切除术cyst ectomy [sis'tektəmi]胆囊切除术；膀胱切除术mast ectomy [mæ'stektəmi]乳房切除术5. mon(o)-单一，部分;（化学）一价mono drama ['mɔnəu,drɑ:mə] n.独脚戏；单人剧mono gamy [mɔ'nɔɡəmi; mə-] 一夫一妻制,单配偶mono cracy [mɔ'nɔkrəsi] 独裁政治6. hem(o)- blood 血hem al [‘hi:məl] 血管的,血液的hem atin ['hemətin] 血色素hem atology [,hemə'tɔlədʒi] 血液学7. chromo- 色chromo gen['krəumədʒən] 色原,色原体chromo some ['krəuməsəum] 【遗传学】染色体chromo sphere ['krəumə,sfiə] 【天文学】(太阳的)色球(层)HIV testing1．-let 小plate let [‘pleitlit] 血小板crate rlet [‘kreitəlit]小火山口；小坑洞armlet ['ɑ:mlit] 小海湾，小河湾2. retro- 向后，后面retro grade [‘retrəuɡreid] 倒退；退步retro spect ['retrəuspekt] 回忆，回顾；追溯retro rocket ['retrəu,rɔkit] 反向火箭3．ante- 在…前面；在…之前ante room 前厅；接待室ante natal [,ænti'neitəl] 出生前的，产前的ante date 比实际提前的日期4. hepat(o)-liver 肝hepat ic [hi‘pætik] 肝的,肝状的hepat itis [,hepə‘taitis] 肝炎hepat oma [,hepə'təumə] 肝癌,肝细胞瘤5. nat- 生，出生nat al [‘neitəl] 出生的；分娩的nat ality [nei'tæləti] 出生率；生产率Introduction to Physiology1. ana- 1. 向上，2.向后ana batic [,ænə‘bætɪk] 上升的ana bolism [ə‘næbəulizəm] 合成代谢ana plasia [,ænə'pleisiə] 【病理学】(细胞)退行发育2. cata- 向下，下，在下cata comb ['kætəkəum] 地下墓穴，陵寝cata dromous [kə'tædrəməs] (某些淡水鱼)下海产卵的，下海繁殖的cata bolism [kə'tæbəlizəm]分解代谢3. epi- 在…上面；在…外面epi condyle [,epi'kɔndail] 【解剖学】上髁epi blast [‘epiblæst]外胚层；外胚叶epi cardium [,epi'kɑ:diəm]【解剖学】心外膜，心脏包层4. gluc- 甜的，含糖的glucose [‘ɡlu:kəus]葡萄糖gluc agon ['ɡlu:kəɡɔn] 【生物化学】胰高血糖素gluc oside ['ɡlu:kəusaid] 葡萄糖苷5. gon-性的；再生的gon ophore ['ɡɔnəufɔ:]副生殖器(例如输卵管、子宫、输精管、精囊等)gon opore 【动物学】生殖孔6. extra- 在…之外，超出：extra cellular [,ekstrə‘seljulə] 细胞外的extra cranial [,ekstrə‘kreiniəl] 颅外的extra code ['ekstrə,kəud] 附加码；附加程序7. homeo- 象；相似：homeo pathy [,həumi'ɔpəθi] 同种疗法；顺势疗法homeo stasis[,həumiəu'steisis][生理] 体内平衡8. –ose糖fruct ose [‘frʌktəus] 【化学】果糖;左旋糖gluc ose['ɡlu:kəus] 葡萄糖9. –stasis稳定状态；抑制，停止homeo stasis[,həumiəu'steisis] [生理] 体内平衡bacterio stasis [bæk'tiəriə'steisis] 【微生物学】抑菌作用10. loco- 从一处至另一处loco motion ['ləukə'məuʃən] 运动；移动loco motor [,ləukə'məutə]运动的；移动的11. nitro-氮nitro gen [‘naitrədʒən] 【化学】氮nitro us ['naitrəs]氮的；含氮的12. osmo- 鼻，渗透，嗅觉osm atic [ɔz'mætik; ɔs-] 嗅觉的；具有嗅觉的osmo sis [ɔz'məusis] 渗透(作用)osmo meter [ɔz'mɔmitə] 【化学】渗压计13. broncho- 支气管；小支气管的bronch us ['brɔŋkəs] 支气管broncho scope ['brɔŋkəskəup] 【医学】支气管镜14. musculo- [医]肌muscul ar ['mʌskjulə] 肌肉的；【解剖学】肌的muscul in 肌蛋白15. somato-躯体，体细胞somato logy [,səumə'tɔlədʒi] 人类躯体学；人体学somato plasm ['səumətəplæzəm] 体细胞16. lympho-淋巴系统；淋巴lympho cyte ['limfəusait] 【解剖学】淋巴细胞；lympho id ['limfɔid]淋巴的；淋巴样的17.ox-氧ox ygen ['ɔksidʒən] 氧；氧气ox idant ['ɔksidənt] 氧化剂dio xi de [dai'ɔksaid] 二氧化物18. dys- 不正常的dys plasia [dis'pleiziə] 发育不良；发育异常dys function [dis'fʌŋkʃən] 【医学】(器官)功能紊乱，机能不良(或失调)，机能障碍Babiesscler(o)- 硬化；巩膜sclero sis [sklɪə'rəʊsɪs; sklə-] [sklə'rosɪs]n. [病理] 硬化，[医] 硬化症；细胞壁硬化enter(o)- 肠entero logy n. [内科] 肠病学；胃肠病学gastro enter ologyn 肠胃病学ultra- 过度，超，限外ultra clean 特净的，超洁的bacteri(o)- 细菌bacteri um (pl. bacteria) 细菌colo- 结肠colo n 结肠。

Two-Way RadioUser’s GuideMB SeriesSafety and General InformationFCC Licensing InformationControl ButtonsKEM-ML36000Important Information on Safe and Efficient Operation Read This Information Before Using Your Radio.The information provided in this document supersedes the general safety information in user guides published prior to December 1,2002.Transmit and Receive ProcedureYour two-way radio contains a transmitter and a receiver.To control your exposure and ensure compliance with the generalpopulation/uncontrolled environment exposure limits,always adhere to the following procedure:•Transmit no more than 50%of the time.•To receive calls,release the Push-to-Talk (PTT)button.•To transmit (talk),press the PTT button.Transmitting 50%of the time,or less,is important because the radio generates measurable RF energy exposure only when transmitting (in terms of measuring standards compliance).Exposure to Radio Frequency EnergyYour Motorola two-way radio complies with the following RF energy exposure standards and guidelines:•United States Federal communications Commission,Code of Federal Regulations;47CFR part 2sub-part J.•American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)C95.1-1992.•Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)C95.1-1999Edition.•International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP)1998.•Ministry of Health (Canada)Safety Code 6.Limits of Human Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields in the Frequency Range from 3KHz to 300GHz,1999.•Australian communications Authority Radiocommunications (Electromagnetic Radiation—Human Exposure)Standard,2003.Getting StartedDisplay Screen GuideInstalling the BatteriesEach radio uses 1NiMH rechargeable battery pack or 3AAA alkaline batteries and beeps when the batteries are low.Installing NiMH Rechargeable Battery Pack (Optional Accessory)1.Turn the radio off.2.With the back of the radio facing you,lift the battery latch up torelease the battery cover and remove the cover.3.Remove the NiMH battery pack from the clear plastic bag (do notdisassemble or unwrap the battery pack).4.Insert the NiMH battery pack with the diagram facing you.5.Reposition the battery cover and press down to secure.Installing the Three AAA Alkaline Batteries (Not Included)1.Turn the radio off.2.With the back of the radio facing you,lift the battery latch up torelease the battery cover and remove the cover.3.Insert the three AAA alkaline batteries with +and -polarity asshown inside.4.Reposition the battery cover and press down to secure.Radio Battery MeterThe radio battery icon shows the radio battery charge level,from fullto empty .When theradiohas one segment left,theradio chirps periodically or after releasing (Low Battery Alert).Talking and ListeningTo communicate,all radiosinyour group mustbe setto the samechannel.1.To talk,press and hold .2.When you are finished talking,release.For maximum clarity,hold the radio two to three inches away from your mouth and speak directly into the microphone.Do not cover the microphone while talking.Talk RangeYour radio is designed to maximize performance and improvetransmission range.Do not use the radios closer than five feet apart.Note:This radio does not have Interference Eliminator Codes.To communicate with radios that use Interference Eliminator Codes,the Interference Eliminator Code must be set to 0.Monitor ButtonUse this feature to see if there is anyone on the channel you have selected.1.Short press until RX appears.2.When you finish listening,press to confirm or to continue set up.Note:Monitor will time out after five seconds if oris notpressed.Push-to-Talk Timeout TimerTo prevent accidental transmissions and save battery life,the radio emits a continuous warning tone and stops transmitting if you press for 60continuous seconds.Menu OptionsSelecting the ChannelYour radio has 22channels.The channel is the frequency your radio uses to transmit.(See Channels and Frequencies table below.)1.and release.The channel number flashes.2.select a channel.3.orto continue set up.For More InformationFor further information,you may call Motorola at 1-800-638-5119(U.S.),e-mail us at ************************or visit us on the Internet at .Setting and Transmitting Call TonesYour radio can transmit different call tones to other radios in your group so you can alert them that you want to talk.You have 10call tones from which to choose.To set a call tone:1.With the radio on,short pressuntil the The current call tone setting flashes.2.change and hear the call tone.3.set the new call tone orto continue set up.To call tone to other radios set to the same channel as your radio,Note:Setting to 0disables the call tone feature.Keypad TonesYou may enable or disable the speaker key tones.You will hear the key tone each time a button is pushed.1.Press The current setting On/Off will flash.2.Press turn On or Off.3.Press to continue set up.Note:When the key tone feature is off,the following are not disabled:•Transmit timeout alert tone •Power-down alert tone •Low battery alert tone•The transmitted talk confirmation toneTransmitting a Talk Confirmation ToneYou can set your radio to transmit a unique tone when you finishtransmitting.It is like saying “Roger”or “Over”to let others know you are finished talking.1.With the radio on,short press until appears.The current setting On/Off flashes.2.turn On or Off.3.the talk confirmation tone or to continue set Auto Power On/OffYour radio will save power by automatically turning itself off if unused after a predetermined amount of time.1.Activate this setting by short pressing until displays.The (0,30,60,90)will flash.2.set the time to 30minutes,60minutes or 903.When you exit the Menu mode,the setting timer will begin if you are not using the radio.4.The screen shows5.Press to confirm or to continue set up.Call (PTT)Scroll•ANATEL ANNEX to Resolution No.303of July 2,2002“Regulation of limitation of exposure to electrical,magnetic and electromagnetic fields in the radio frequency range between 9KHz and 300GHz”.To ensure optimal radio performance and make sure human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic energy is within the guidelines set forth in the above standards,always adhere to the following procedures.Portable Radio Operation and EME ExposureAntenna CareUse only the supplied or an approved replacement antenna.Unauthorized antennas,modifications,or attachments could damage the radio and may violate FCC regulations.Do NOT hold the antenna when the radio is “IN USE.”Holding the antenna affects the effective range.Body-Worn OperationTo maintain compliances with FCC/Health Canada RF exposureguidelines,if you wear a radio on your body when transmitting,always place the radio in a Motorola-supplied or approved clip,holder,holster,case or body harness for this e of non-Motorola-approved accessories may exceed FCC/Health Canada RF exposure guidelines.If you do not use one of the Motorola-supplied or approved body-worn accessories and are not using the radio held in the normal useposition,ensure the radio and its antenna are at least 1inch (2.5cm)from your body when transmitting.Data OperationIf applicable,when using any data feature of the radio with or without an accessory cable,position the radio and its antenna at least one inch (2.5cm)from the body .Approved AccessoriesFor a list of approved Motorola accessories,visit out Web site at .Electromagnetic Interference/CompatibilityNote:Nearly every electronic device is susceptible to electromagnetic interference (EMI)if inadequately shielded,designed or otherwise configured for electromagnetic compatibility.This device complies with Part 15of the FCC Rules.Operation is subject to the following two conditions:1.This device may not cause harmful interference;and 2.This device must accept any interference received,including interference that may cause undesired operation.FacilitiesTo avoid electromagnetic interference and/or compatibility conflicts,turn off your radio in any facility where posted notices instruct you to do so.Hospitals or health care facilities may be using equipment that is sensitive to external RF energy.AircraftWhen instructed to do so,turn off your radio when onboard on aircraft.Any use of a radio must be in accordance with applicable regulations per airline crew instructions.Medical Devices –PacemakersThe Advanced Medical Technology Association recommends that a minimum separation of 6inches (15cm)be maintained between a handheld wireless radio and a pacemaker.These recommendations are consistent with the independent research by andrecommendations of the U.S.Food and Drug Administration.People with pacemakers should:•ALWAYS keep the radio more than 6inches (15cm)from their pacemaker when the radio is turned ON.•Not carry the radio in the breast pocket.•Use the ear opposite the pacemaker to minimize the potential for interference.•Turn the radio OFF immediately if there is any reason to suspect that interference is taking place.Medical Devices –Hearing AidsSome digital wireless radios may interfere with some hearing aids.In the event of such interference,you may want to consult your hearing aid manufacturer to discuss alternatives.Medical Devices -OtherIf you use any other personal medical device,consult themanufacturer of your device to determine if it is adequately shielded from RF energy.Your physician may be able to assist you in obtaining this information.Safety and General Use While DrivingCheck the laws and regulations regarding the use of radios in the area where you drive,and always obey them.If you do use your radio while driving,please:•Give full attention to driving and to the road.•Use hands-free operation,if available.•Pull off the road and park before making or answering a call if driving conditions so require.The use of a two-way radio while engaged in activities requiringconcentration may cause distraction or otherwise impair your ability to safely participate in such activities.Always use technology safely.Do not place a portable radio in the area over an air bag or in the air bag deployment area.Air bags inflate with great force.If a portable radio is placed in the air bag deployment area and the air bag inflates,the radio may be propelled with great force and cause serious injury to occupants of the vehicle.Potentially Explosive AtmospheresTurn off your radio prior to entering any area with a potentially explosive atmosphere.Only radio types that are especially qualified should be used in such areas as “Intrinsically Safe.”Do not remove,install or charge batteries in such areas.Sparks in a potentially explosiveatmosphere can cause an explosion or fire resulting in bodily injury or even death.Note:The areas with potentially explosive atmospheres referred to above include fueling areas such as below decks on boats,fuel or chemical transfer or storage facilities,areas where the air contains chemicals or particles (such as grain,dust or metal powders)and any other area where you would normally be advised to turn off your vehicle engine.Areas with potentially explosive atmospheres are often—but not always—posted.Blasting Caps and AreasTo avoid possible interference with blasting operations,turn off your radio when you are near electrical blasting caps,in a blasting area,or in areas posted “Turn off two-way radios.”Obey all signs and instructions.Operational CautionsAntennasDo not use any portable radio that has a damaged antenna.If a damaged antenna comes into contact with your skin,a minor burn can result.BatteriesAll batteries can cause property damage and/or bodily injury such as burns if a conductive material—like jewelry,keys or beaded chains—touch exposed terminals.The conductive material may complete an electrical circuit (short circuit)and become quite hot.Exercise care in handling any charged battery,particularly when placing it inside a pocket,purse or other container with metal objects.Exercise care when removing NiMH or AAA batteries.Do not use sharp or conductive tools to remove either of these batteries.Battery Charger Safety Instructions:Save these Instructions1.Do not expose the charger to rain or snow.2.Do not operate or disassemble the charger if it has received a sharp blow,or has been dropped or damaged in any way.3.Never alter the AC cord or plug provided with the unit.If the plug will not fit the outlet,have the proper outlet installed by a qualified electrician.An improper condition can result in a risk of electric shock.4.To reduce the risk of damage to the cord or plug,pull the plug rather than the cord when disconnecting the charger from the AC receptacle.5.To reduce the risk of electric shock,unplug the charger from the outlet before attempting any maintenance or cleaning.e of an attachment not recommended or sold by Motorola may result in a risk of fire,electric shock or personal injury.7.Make sure the cord is located so it will not be stepped on,tripped over or subjected to damage or stress.8.An extension cord should not be used unless absolutely e of an improper extension cord could result in a risk of a fire and/or electric shock.If an extension cord must be used,make sure that:•The pins on the plug of the extension cord are the same number,size and shape as those on the plug of the charger.•The extension cord is properly wired and in good electrical condition.•The extension cord size is 18AWG for lengths up to 100feet,and 16AWG for lengths up to 150feet.9.The supply cord of the AC adaptor cannot be replaced.If the cord is damaged,call customer service at 1-800-638-5119or e-mail us at ************************.Your Motorola radio operates on General Mobile Radio Service (GMRS)frequencies and is subject to the Rules and Regulations of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC).The FCC requires that all operators using GMRS frequencies obtain a radio license before operating their equipment.To obtain the FCC forms,please visit the FCC’s Web site at /uls/index.htm?job=home to source form 605and 159,which includes all the instructions you will need.If you wish to have the document faxed or mailed,or if you have questions,please use the following contact information:Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Motorola may void the user’s authority granted by the FCC to operate this radio and should not be made.To comply with FCC requirements,transmitter adjustments should be made only by or under the supervision of a person certified as technically qualified to perform transmitter maintenance and repairs in the private land mobile and fixed services as certified by an organization representative of the user of those services.Replacement of anytransmitter component (crystal,semiconductor,etc.)not authorized by the FCC equipment authorization for this radio could violate FCC rules.Note:Use of this radio outside the country where it was intended to be distributed is subject to government regulations and may be prohibited.–Battery Meter –Scan–Transmitting –Receiving –Auto Power On/Off –Talk Confirmation Tone (Roger Beep)–Volume–Lock–Call Tone,Keypad Tone–On/Off for each feature Numbers Call TonesContinued on backMB SeriesPTT PTTRemoving the NiMH Battery Pack (Optional Accesory)1.Turn the radio off.2.With the back of the radio facing you,lift the battery latch up torelease the battery cover and remove the cover.3.Gently remove the NiMH battery by easing it out.4.Reposition the battery cover and press down to secure.Removing the Three AAA Alkaline Batteries1.Turn the radio off.2.With the back of the radio facing you,lift the battery latch up torelease the battery cover and remove the cover.3.Remove each alkaline battery by easing each battery outindividually.4.Reposition the battery cover and press down to secure.Notes:•Excercise care when removing NiMH or AAA batteries.Do not use sharp or conductive tools to remove either of these batteries.•Remove the batteries before storing your radio for extended periods of time.Batteries corrode over time and may cause permanent damage to your radio.Using the Plug-in Charging Adaptor (Optional Accesory)The battery plug-in charger (adaptor)provides charging convenience for NiMH batteries in one or both radios.Charge the NiMH battery overnight (at least 16hours)before using it for the first time.After the initial charge,an empty battery is fully charged within 14hours.1.Follow the steps above to install a NiMH battery pack.2.Connect the AC power adaptor plug into the recharging jack at the bottom (right)of the radio.(The adaptor charges two radios.)3.Plug the AC power supply into a standard wall outlet.Notes:•The light will remain red after the battery pack is fully charged.•When moving between hot and cold temperatures,do not charge the battery until the battery temperature acclimates (usually about 20minutes).•For optimal battery life,unplug the charging adaptor within 16hours.Do not store the radio while connected to the charger.•When your radio is plugged into the AC power adaptor,your radio will automatically power off.Low Battery AlertIn addition to your battery meter showing how much battery power you have,your radio will beep to alert you to the fact that your batteries are low.Turning Your Radio On and Off1.To turn on,press and hold until a channel number appears and the radio beeps.2.To turn off,press and holduntil the display goes blank.Volume Press increase or to decrease the volume.The volume level VOL Audio PTTChannels and FrequenciesPTT PTTPTT PTT PTT PTT PTT JackThe MB Series is approved for use in the US only.MB SeriesPatent and Copyright InformationManufactured,distributed or sold by Giant International Ltd.,official licensee for this product.Motorola,the Stylized M Logo,and other Motorola trademarks and trade dress are owned by Motorola,Inc.and are used under license from Motorola,Inc.MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent &Trademark Office.All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.©Motorola,Inc.2010.All rights reserved.Please contact customer service at 1-800-638-5119or e-mail us at ************************for questions/comments,warranty,support or service related to this product.Keypad LockTo avoid accidentally changing your radio settings you can lock your keypad:1.Short pressuntil appears.The current setting On/Off will 2.Pushturn On or Off.3.Theon your screen.When in lock mode,you cannot adjust the volume,but all other functions work as usual.To unlock the radio,press and holdfor a few seconds.Scanning ChannelsUse scanning to monitor channels for transmissions or to find someone in your group who has accidentally changed channels.1.Briefly press until appears.The current setting On/Off will flash.2.Press to turn On or Off.3.Pressto confirm or to continue set up.When the radio detects channel activity,it stops scanning and you can hear the transmission.To respond,press within five seconds.Advanced 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心脏病学基本概念系列文库——
陶－滨综合征
医疗卫生是人类文明之一，
心脏病学，在人类医学有重要地位。

本文提供对心脏病学基本概念
“陶－滨综合征”
的解读，以供大家了解。

陶－滨综合征
是一种少见的紫绀型先天性心脏病，又称右心室双出口综合征(double－outlet of right ventricle syndrome)。

主要畸形为主动脉与肺动脉均出口于右心室，或肺动脉骑跨在室间隔上，同时合并室间隔缺损。

本征系Taussing－Bing于1949年首先报道。

本病是由于胚胎早期心球纵隔发育异常及动脉干旋转异常所致，是一种复杂的畸形。

其病理生理决定于肺血流量的多少及肺动脉骑跨的程度。

该病患者多有紫绀，但程度不一，若肺血流多及肺动脉向右心室偏移者，其紫绀程度就轻。

心悸、气短、易疲乏等症状较明显。

胸骨左缘3～4肋间可听到响亮的收缩期杂音，如合并肺动脉口狭窄，则肺动脉瓣区第2音减弱，紫绀也较重，与法乐四联症极为相似。

心脏X线检查显示右心房、右心室扩大、肺动脉段膨出、左心室肥大，肺血管影深。

心导管检查时导管可直接由右心室进入主动脉，肺动
脉压接近或等于主动脉压。

本病部分患者可作手术纠正。

不能手术者，预后不良。

常在婴儿时期死亡。

心房颤动的名词解释心房颤动（Atrial Fibrillation，AF）是一种常见的心律失常，其特点是心房的电信号混乱不统一，导致心房无规律地收缩，形成快速而不规则的心跳节律。

心房颤动是一种复杂的疾病，具有严重的健康风险和临床挑战。

首先，我们来了解一下正常心脏的工作原理。

心脏是我们体内一颗重要的脏器，它通过收缩和舒张来泵送氧和营养物质到全身各个组织和器官。

正常情况下，心脏的节律是有序的，由一个称为“心房结”（SA节点）的起搏器控制。

SA节点会发出电脉冲，通过心室传导系统，依次刺激心房和心室的收缩，使心脏有规律地跳动。

然而，在心房颤动患者身上，这一过程发生了异常变化。

心房颤动通常由于心脏组织内的电信号传导紊乱而引起。

当心房颤动发生时，心房的电信号变得混乱无序，导致心房不再以正常的有序方式收缩。

相反，心房肌肉会以一种快速而无规律的方式收缩，这种不规则的心跳节律使心脏泵血的效率降低。

心房颤动患者常常会感受到心跳加快、不规则和有力等症状。

由于心房颤动患者心房的收缩无规律，血液在心房内积聚，容易形成血栓。

这些血栓有时候会从心脏流向体循环，引起栓塞并导致中风等严重后果。

心房颤动还可能导致心肌肥厚、心力衰竭以及心律失常相关的心脏病变。

了解了心房颤动的基本概念后，让我们来探讨一下可能的原因。

心房颤动的发病原因多种多样，常见的包括心脏病、高血压、甲状腺功能亢进、结构性心脏病变、饮酒过量、药物副作用等。

人口老龄化也是心房颤动发病率增加的原因之一。

在诊断方面，医生通常会结合心电图、Holter监测、心脏超声以及其他相关检查，来确定是否存在心房颤动。

治疗上，目前主要的方法包括药物治疗、电生理治疗和手术治疗等。

药物治疗旨在控制心率和维持窦性心律；电生理治疗则通过射频消融或冷冻消融技术，摧毁引起心房颤动的异常传导途径；手术治疗通常适用于药物和电生理治疗无效的患者，通过手术修复心脏组织结构以恢复正常的心律。

心房颤动是一种常见且复杂的心律失常，它对患者的健康和生活质量带来了严重影响。

呆小症名词解释诊断学英文回答：Catatonia is a neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by decreased responsiveness to the environment, motor abnormalities, and increased muscle tone. It can be caused by a variety of medical conditions, including schizophrenia, mood disorders, organic brain disorders, and substance intoxication or withdrawal.Diagnostic criteria for catatonia according to DSM-5:1. Stupor (a state of unresponsiveness from which the person can be aroused only by vigorous stimulation), mutism (persistent refusal to speak), or akinesia (the absence of spontaneous movement).2. At least two of the following:Catalepsy (maintenance of a rigid, fixed postureagainst gravity)。

Waxy flexibility (the person's limbs can be passively moved and held in unusual positions)。

Negativism (resistance to all instructions or attempts to move the person)。

内分泌/代谢性系统疾病症状多尿polyuria [ˌpɔliˈjuəriə]多饮/烦渴polydipsia [ˌpɔliˈdipsiə]心悸palpitation [pælpiˈteiʃ(ə)n]气短short of breath皮肤潮湿moist skin紧张nervous焦虑uneasy / anxiety好动restless强直spasticity spastic;抽搐twitch /tic常见诊断尿崩症diabetes insipidus [ˌdaiəˈbi:ti:z]甲亢hyperthyroidism [haipəˈθairɔidiz(ə)m]甲减hypothyroidism糖尿病diabetes mellitus [ˈmelitəs]糖尿病酮症酸中毒diabetic ketoacidosis DKA [ˌki:təuˌæsiˈdəusis] 高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma低血糖症hypoglycemia [ˌhaipəuɡlaiˈsi:miə]低钠血症hyponatremia高钠血症hypernatremia [ˌhaipənəˈtri:miə]低钾血症hypokalemia [ˌhaipəukəˈli:mjə]高钾血症hyperkalemia [ˌhaipəkəˈli:miə]代谢性酸中毒metabolic acidosis [ˌmetəˈbɔlik] [ˌæsiˈdəusis]代谢性碱中毒metabolic alkalosis [ˌælkəˈləusis]呼吸性酸中毒respiratory acidosis呼吸性碱中毒respiratory alkalosis痛风gout [ɡu:]系统性红斑狼疮systemic lupus erythematosus SLE [ˈlu:pəs]皮肌炎dermatomyositis DM [ˌdə:mətəˌmaiəˈsaitis]系统性硬化病systemic sclerosis SSc 硬皮病气管插管/切开记录Endotracheal intubation [ˌendəuˌtrəˈkiəl] 气管插管（术）tracheal cannula [ˈkænjulə] 气管插管（强调管子）Tracheotomy [ˌtrækiˈɔtəmi] 气管切开mechanical ventilation 机械通气[miˈkænikəl]sedate [siˈdeit] 镇静动词Sedative Drugs 镇静药物Dopamine [ˈdəupəmin] 多巴胺Noradrenalin [ˌnɔ:rəˈdrenəlin] 去甲肾上腺素Suction machine 吸痰器Suck 吸动词Sputum [ˈspju:təm] 痰noninvasive mechanical ventilation 无创机械通气[ˌnɔninˈveisiv]We perform endotracheal intubation/ tracheotomy and apply mechanical ventilation。

· 693 ·中国疼痛医学杂志Chinese Journal of Pain Medicine 2020, 26 (9)gia: a detailed analysis[J]. Pain Pract, 2015, 15(8):712-719.[23] Fraioli MF, Cristino B, Moschettoni L, et al. Validity ofpercutaneous controlled radiofrequency thermocoagu-lation in the treatment of isolated third division trigemi-nal neuralgia[J]. Surg Neurol, 2009, 71(2):180-183. [24] Tang YZ, Yang LQ, Yue JN, et al. The optimal radiof-requency temperature in radiofrequency thermocoag-ulation for idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia: A cohort study[J]. Medicine (Baltimore), 2016, 95(28):e4103. [25] Jin HS, Shin JY, Kim YC, et al. Predictive factors asso-ciated with success and failure for radiofrequency ther-mocoagulation in patients with trigeminal neuralgia[J].Pain Physician, 2015, 18(6):537-545.[26] 张晓磊, 李恒平, 胡咏兵. 两种不同温控方法射频热凝术治疗三叉神经痛的临床观察[J]. 中国疼痛医学杂志, 2013, 19(5):307-308.[27] 姚鹏, 李泓锡, 王志彬, 等. 较低温度局麻下射频热凝术治疗三叉神经痛的有效性[J]. 中国医科大学学报, 2016, 45(11):1006-1012.[28] 姚鹏, 王志彬, 洪涛,等. 不同温度射频热凝术治疗双侧三叉神经痛的对比观察[J]. 中国疼痛医学杂志, 2017, 23(1):33-38.[29] Yang JT, Lin M, Lee MH, et al. Percutaneous trigem-inal nerve radiofrequency rhizotomy guided by com-puterized tomography with three-dimensional image reconstruction[J]. Chang Gung Med J, 2010, 33(6):679-683.[30] Xue T, Yang W, Guo Y, et al. 3D image-guided per-cutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve through fora-men rotundum for the treatment of trigeminal neural-gia[J]. Medicine (Baltimore), 2015, 94(45):e1954. [31] Nie F, Su D, Shi Y, et al. A prospective study of X-rayimaging combined with skin stimulation potential-guid-ed percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the Gasserian ganglion for treatment of trigeminal neu-ralgia[J]. Pain Med, 2014, 15(9):1464-1469.[32] Son BC, Kim HS, Kim IS, et al. Percutaneous radiof-requency thermocoagulation under fluoroscopic im-age-guidance for idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia[J]. J Korean Neurosurg Soc, 2011, 50(5):446-452.[33] Lin B, Lu X, Zhai X, et al. Use of sensory and motoraction potentials to identify the position of trigeminal nerve divisions for radiofrequency thermocoagula-tion[J]. J Neurosurg, 2014, 121(6):1497-1503. [34] Makharita MY, Amr YM. Pulsed radiofrequency forchronic inguinal neuralgia[J]. Pain Physician, 2015, 18(2):E147-155.[35] Elawamy A, Abdalla EEM, Shehata GA. Effects ofpulsed versus conventional versus combined radiof-requency for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia: a prospective study[J]. Pain Physician, 2017, 20(6):E873-E881.[36] Liao C, Visocchi M, Yang M, et al. Pulsed radiofre-quency: a management option for recurrent trigeminal neuralgia following radiofrequency thermocoagulation[J].World Neurosurg, 2017, 97:760 e765-760, e767. [37] Wu H, Zhou J, Chen J, et al. Therapeutic efficacy andsafety of radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia: a systematic review and me-ta-analysis[J]. J Pain Res, 2019, 12:423-441.[38] 郭强, 麻瑞晨, 党彩艳, 等. 两种穿刺入路射频热凝治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床比较[J]. 中国疼痛医学杂志, 2017, 23(8):613-615.[39] 王俭, 刘妍, 奚奇,等. 两种射频热凝术治疗原发性三叉神经痛临床观察[J]. 中国疼痛医学杂志, 2019, 25(3):234-237.•消 息•2020年10月19日“世界镇痛日”——主题：全球防治腰背痛年自2004年10月国际疼痛学会 (The International Association for the Study of Pain, IASP) 倡议设立“世界镇痛日”以来，每年10月由IASP发布抗痛年主题。

专利名称：Transurethral radio frequency apparatus for ablation of the prostate gland and method 发明人：Mir A. Imran申请号：US08/933622申请日：19970912公开号：US05957922A公开日：19990928专利内容由知识产权出版社提供摘要：A transurethral radio frequency apparatus for ablation of the prostate gland through the urethra formed by a wall, a probe consisting of a flexible elongate tubular member with proximal and distal extremities and sized so as to be adapted to be inserted into the urethra, and an ablation electrode carried by the distal extremity of the flexible elongate member. The flexible elongate tubular member is provided with first and second flow lumens for delivering a cooled fluid to the ablation electrode to cool the same. Means are connected to the probe to supply a coolant solution to the probe, to supply radio frequency energy to the electrode while it is being cooled, and to monitor the temperature of the ablation electrode so that the ablation electrode is maintained at a temperature below a predetermined temperature to spare the urethral wall from irreversible damage from the radio frequency energy delivered to the ablation electrode.申请人：VIDAMED, INC.代理机构：Flehr Hohbach Test Albritton & Herbert LLP更多信息请下载全文后查看。

心律失常常见英文专业术语（一）1. Arrhythmia -心律失常2. Atrial fibrillation -房颤3. Ventricular fibrillation -室颤4. Bradycardia -心率过缓5. Tachycardia -心率过快6. Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) -室性早搏7. Premature atrial contractions (PACs) -房性早搏8. Atrioventricular block -房室传导阻滞9. Sinus node dysfunction -窦房结功能障碍10. Long QT syndrome -长QT综合征11. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome - Wolff-Parkinson-White综合征12. Supraventricular tachycardia -上室性心动过速13. Ventricular tachycardia -室性心动过速14. Atrial flutter -房扑15. Sinus rhythm -窦性心律16. Sinus bradycardia -窦性心动过缓17. Sinus tachycardia -窦性心动过速18. Ectopic beats -异位搏动19. Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) -房室结顺行折返性心动过速20. Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) -房室折返性心动过速（二）1. Atrial tachycardia -心房心动过速2. Atrioventricular dissociation -房室脱节3. Bundle branch block -束支传导阻滞4. Cardiac arrest -心脏骤停5. Cardiac resynchronization therapy -心脏再同步治疗6. Ectopic atrial tachycardia -异位心房心动过速7. Ectopic ventricular tachycardia -异位室性心动过速8. Inappropriate sinus tachycardia -不适当的窦性心动过速9. Junctional rhythm -结间束传导节节律10. Monomorphic ventricular tachycardia -单形性室性心动过速11. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia -阵发性上室性心动过速12. Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia -多形性室性心动过速13. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) -姿势性直立性心动过速综合征14. Sick sinus syndrome -病窦综合征15. Sinoatrial block -窦房传导阻滞16. Ventricular bigeminy -室性二联律17. Ventricular couplets -室性偶联18. Ventricular escape rhythm -室性逃逸节律19. Ventricular flutter -室扑20. Ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) -室性早搏（三）1. Accelerated idioventricular rhythm -加速室性异位节律2. Atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT) -房室交替性心动过速3. Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) -房室折返性心动过速4. Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) -房室结顺行折返性心动过速5. Brugada syndrome - Brugada综合征6. Commotio cordis -心脏震荡7. Conduction block -传导阻滞8. Heart block -心房传导阻滞9. Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation -特发性室颤10. Ischemic heart disease -缺血性心脏病11. Junctional tachycardia -结间束传导节心动过速12. Multifocal atrial tachycardia -多源性心房心动过速13. Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia -非持续性室性心动过速14. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation -阵发性房颤15. Polymorphic ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) -多形性室性早搏16. Sick sinus syndrome -病态窦房结综合征17. Torsades de pointes -尖端扭转型室性心动过速18. Ventricular asystole -室性停搏19. Ventricular escape beat -室性逃逸搏动20. Ventricular preexcitation -室性预激综合征。

【转载】振动噪声领域的专业英语词汇2007-03-20 00:151 振动信号的时域、频域描述振动过程 (Vibration Process)简谐振动 (Harmonic Vibration)周期振动 (Periodic Vibration)准周期振动 (Ouasi-periodic Vibration)瞬态过程 (Transient Process)随机振动过程 (Random Vibration Process)各态历经过程 (Ergodic Process)确定*过程 (Deterministic Process)振幅 (Amplitude)相位 (Phase)初相位 (Initial Phase)频率 (Frequency)角频率 (Angular Frequency)周期 (Period)复数振动 (Complex Vibration)复数振幅 (Complex Amplitude)峰值 (Peak-value)平均绝对值 (Average Absolute Value)有效值 (Effective Value，RMS Value)均值 (Mean Value，Average Value)傅里叶级数 (FS，Fourier Series)傅里叶变换 (FT，Fourier Transform)傅里叶逆变换 (IFT，Inverse Fourier Transform) 离散谱 (Discrete Spectrum)连续谱 (Continuous Spectrum)傅里叶谱 (Fourier Spectrum)线*谱 (Linear Spectrum)幅值谱 (Amplitude Spectrum)相位谱 (Phase Spectrum)均方值 (Mean Square Value)方差 (Variance)协方差 (Covariance)自协方差函数 (Auto-covariance Function)互协方差函数 (Cross-covariance Function)自相关函数 (Auto-correlation Function)互相关函数 (Cross-correlation Function)标准偏差 (Standard Deviation)相对标准偏差 (Relative Standard Deviation)概率 (Probability)概率分布 (Probability Distribution)高斯概率分布 (Gaussian Probability Distribution) 概率密度 (Probability Density)集合平均 (Ensemble Average)时间平均 (Time Average)功率谱密度 (PSD，Power Spectrum Density)自功率谱密度 (Auto-spectral Density)互功率谱密度 (Cross-spectral Density)均方根谱密度 (RMS Spectral Density)能量谱密度 (ESD，Energy Spectrum Density)相干函数 (Coherence Function)帕斯瓦尔定理 (Parseval''s Theorem)维纳，辛钦公式 (Wiener-Khinchin Formula)2 振动系统的固有特*、激励与响应振动系统 (Vibration System)激励 (Excitation)响应 (Response)单自由度系统 (Single Degree-Of-Freedom System) 多自由度系统 (Multi-Degree-Of- Freedom System) 离散化系统 (Discrete System)连续体系统 (Continuous System)刚度系数 (Stiffness Coefficient)自由振动 (Free Vibration)自由响应 (Free Response)强迫振动 (Forced Vibration)强迫响应 (Forced Response)初始条件 (Initial Condition)固有频率 (Natural Frequency)阻尼比 (Damping Ratio)衰减指数 (Damping Exponent)阻尼固有频率 (Damped Natural Frequency)对数减幅系数 (Logarithmic Decrement)主频率 (Principal Frequency)无阻尼模态频率 (Undamped Modal Frequency)模态 (Mode)主振动 (Principal Vibration)振型 (Mode Shape)振型矢量 (Vector Of Mode Shape)模态矢量 (Modal Vector)正交* (Orthogonality)展开定理 (Expansion Theorem)主质量 (Principal Mass)模态质量 (Modal Mass)主刚度 (Principal Stiffness)模态刚度 (Modal Stiffness)正则化 (Normalization)振型矩阵 (Matrix Of Modal Shape)模态矩阵 (Modal Matrix)主坐标 (Principal Coordinates)模态坐标 (Modal Coordinates)模态分析 (Modal Analysis)模态阻尼比 (Modal Damping Ratio)频响函数 (Frequency Response Function)幅频特* (Amplitude-frequency Characteristics)相频特* (Phase frequency Characteristics)共振 (Resonance)半功率点 (Half power Points)波德图(Bodé Plot)动力放大系数 (Dynamical Magnification Factor)单位脉冲 (Unit Impulse)冲激响应函数 (Impulse Response Function)杜哈美积分(Duhamel’s Integral)卷积积分 (Convolution Integral)卷积定理 (Convolution Theorem)特征矩阵 (Characteristic Matrix)阻抗矩阵 (Impedance Matrix)频响函数矩阵 (Matrix Of Frequency Response Function) 导纳矩阵 (Mobility Matrix)冲击响应谱 (Shock Response Spectrum)冲击激励 (Shock Excitation)冲击响应 (Shock Response)冲击初始响应谱 (Initial Shock Response Spectrum)冲击剩余响应谱 (Residual Shock Response Spectrum)冲击最大响应谱 (Maximum Shock Response Spectrum)冲击响应谱分析 (Shock Response Spectrum Analysis)3 模态试验分析模态试验 (Modal Testing)机械阻抗 (Mechanical Impedance)位移阻抗 (Displacement Impedance)速度阻抗 (Velocity Impedance)加速度阻抗 (Acceleration Impedance)机械导纳 (Mechanical Mobility)位移导纳 (Displacement Mobility)速度导纳 (Velocity Mobility)加速度导纳 (Acceleration Mobility)驱动点导纳 (Driving Point Mobility)跨点导纳 (Cross Mobility)传递函数 (Transfer Function)拉普拉斯变换 (Laplace Transform)传递函数矩阵 (Matrix Of Transfer Function)频响函数 (FRF，Frequency Response Function)频响函数矩阵 (Matrix Of FRF)实模态 (Normal Mode)复模态 (Complex Mode)模态参数 (Modal Parameter)模态频率 (Modal Frequency)模态阻尼比 (Modal Damping Ratio)模态振型 (Modal Shape)模态质量 (Modal Mass)模态刚度 (Modal Stiffness)模态阻力系数 (Modal Damping Coefficient)模态阻抗 (Modal Impedance)模态导纳 (Modal Mobility)模态损耗因子 (Modal Loss Factor)比例粘*阻尼 (Proportional Viscous Damping)非比例粘*阻尼 (Non-proportional Viscous Damping)结构阻尼 (Structural Damping，Hysteretic Damping) 复频率 (Complex Frequency)复振型 (Complex Modal Shape)留数 (Residue)极点 (Pole)零点 (Zero)复留数 (Complex Residue)随机激励 (Random Excitation)伪随机激励 (Pseudo Random Excitation)猝发随机激励 (Burst Random Excitation)稳态正弦激励 (Steady State Sine Excitation)正弦扫描激励 (Sweeping Sine Excitation)锤击激励 (Impact Excitation)频响函数的H1 估计 (FRF Estimate by H1)频响函数的H2 估计 (FRF Estimate by H2)频响函数的H3 估计 (FRF Estimate by H3)单模态曲线拟合法 (Single-mode Curve Fitting Method) 多模态曲线拟合法 (Multi-mode Curve Fitting Method)模态圆 (Mode Circle)剩余模态 (Residual Mode)幅频峰值法 (Peak Value Method)实频-虚频峰值法 (Peak Real／Imaginary Method)圆拟合法 (Circle Fitting Method)加权最小二乘拟合法 (Weighting Least Squares Fitting method) 复指数拟合法 (Complex Exponential Fitting method)1.2 振动测试的名词术语1 传感器测量系统传感器测量系统 (Transducer Measuring System)传感器 (Transducer)振动传感器 (Vibration Transducer)机械接收 (Mechanical Reception)机电变换 (Electro-mechanical Conversion)测量电路 (Measuring Circuit)惯*式传感器 (Inertial Transducer，Seismic Transducer)相对式传感器 (Relative Transducer)电感式传感器 (Inductive Transducer)应变式传感器 (Strain Gauge Transducer)电动力传感器 (Electro-dynamic Transducer)压电式传感器 (Piezoelectric Transducer)压阻式传感器 (Piezoresistive Transducer)电涡流式传感器 (Eddy Current Transducer)伺服式传感器 (Servo Transducer)灵敏度 (Sensitivity)复数灵敏度 (Complex Sensitivity)分辨率 (Resolution)频率范围 (Frequency Range)线*范围 (Linear Range)频率上限 (Upper Limit Frequency)频率下限 (Lower Limit Frequency)静态响应 (Static Response)零频率响应 (Zero Frequency Response)动态范围 (Dynamic Range)幅值上限 Upper Limit Amplitude)幅值下限 (Lower Limit Amplitude)最大可测振级 (Max．Detectable Vibration Level)最小可测振级 (Min．Detectable Vibration Level)信噪比 (S/N Ratio)振动诺模图 (Vibration Nomogram)相移 (Phase Shift)波形畸变 (Wave-shape Distortion)比例相移 (Proportional Phase Shift)惯*传感器的稳态响应 (Steady Response Of Inertial Transducer)惯*传感器的稳击响应 (Shock Response Of Inertial Transducer)位移计型的频响特* (Frequency Response Characteristics Vibrometer)加速度计型的频响特* (Frequency Response Characteristics Accelerometer) 幅频特*曲线 (Amplitude-frequency Curve)相频特*曲线 (Phase-frequency Curve)固定安装共振频率 (Mounted Resonance Frequency)安装刚度 (Mounted Stiffness)有限高频效应 (Effect Of Limited High Frequency)有限低频效应 (Effect Of Limited Low Frequency)电动式变换 (Electro-dynamic Conversion)磁感应强度 (Magnetic Induction， Magnetic Flux Density)磁通 (Magnetic Flux)磁隙 (Magnetic Gap)电磁力 (Electro-magnetic Force)相对式速度传 (Relative Velocity Transducer)惯*式速度传感器 (Inertial Velocity Transducer)速度灵敏度 (Velocity Sensitivity)电涡流阻尼 (Eddy-current Damping)无源微(积)分电路 (Passive Differential (Integrate) Circuit)有源微(积)分电路 (Active Differential (Integrate) Circuit)运算放大器 (Operational Amplifier)时间常数 (Time Constant)比例运算 (Scaling)积分运算 (Integration)微分运算 (Differentiation)高通滤波电路 (High-pass Filter Circuit)低通滤波电路 (Low-pass Filter Circuit)截止频率 (Cut-off Frequency)压电效应 (Piezoelectric Effect)压电陶瓷 (Piezoelectric Ceramic)压电常数 (Piezoelectric Constant)极化 (Polarization)压电式加速度传感器 (Piezoelectric Acceleration Transducer)中心压缩式 (Center Compression Accelerometer)三角剪切式 (Delta Shear Accelerometer)压电方程 (Piezoelectric Equation)压电石英 (Piezoelectric Quartz)电荷等效电路 (Charge Equivalent Circuit)电压等效电路 (Voltage Equivalent Circuit)电荷灵敏度 (Charge Sensitivity)电压灵敏度 (Voltage Sensitivity)电荷放大器 (Charge Amplifier)适调放大环节 (Conditional Amplifier Section)归一化 (Uniformization)电荷放大器增益 (Gain Of Charge Amplifier)测量系统灵敏度 (Sensitivity Of Measuring System)底部应变灵敏度 (Base Strain Sensitivity)横向灵敏度 (Transverse Sensitivity)地回路 (Ground Loop)力传感器 (Force Transducer)力传感器灵敏度 (Sensitivity Of Force Transducer)电涡流 (Eddy Current)前置器 (Proximitor)间隙-电压曲线 (Voltage vs Gap Curve)间隙-电压灵敏度 (Voltage vs Gap Sensitivity)压阻效应 (Piezoresistive Effect)轴向压阻系数 (Axial Piezoresistive Coefficient)横向压阻系数 (Transverse Piezoresistive Coefficient)压阻常数 (Piezoresistive Constant)单晶硅 (Monocrystalline Silicon)应变灵敏度 (Strain Sensitivity)固态压阻式加速度传感器 (Solid State Piezoresistive Accelerometer) 体型压阻式加速度传感器 (Bulk Type Piezoresistive Accelerometer) 力平衡式传感器 (Force Balance Transducer)电动力常数 (Electro-dynamic Constant)机电耦合系统 (Electro-mechanical Coupling System)2 检测仪表、激励设备及校准装置时间基准信号 (Time Base Signal)李萨茹图 (Lissojous Curve)数字频率计 (Digital Frequency Meter)便携式测振表 (Portable Vibrometer)有效值电压表 (RMS Value Voltmeter)峰值电压表 (Peak-value Voltmeter)平均绝对值检波电路 (Average Absolute Value Detector)峰值检波电路 (Peak-value Detector)准有效值检波电路 (Quasi RMS Value Detector)真有效值检波电路 (True RMS Value Detector)直流数字电压表 (DVM，DC Digital Voltmeter)数字式测振表 (Digital Vibrometer)A/D 转换器 (A/D Converter)D/A 转换器 (D/A Converter)相位计 (Phase Meter)电子记录仪 (Lever Recorder)光线示波器 (Oscillograph)振子 (Galvonometer)磁带记录仪 (Magnetic Tape Recorder)DR 方式(直接记录式) (Direct Recorder)FM 方式(频率调制式) (Frequency Modulation)失真度 (Distortion)机械式激振器 (Mechanical Exciter)机械式振动台 (Mechanical Shaker)离心式激振器 (Centrifugal Exciter)电动力式振动台 (Electro-dynamic Shaker)电动力式激振器 (Electro-dynamic Exciter)液压式振动台 (Hydraulic Shaker)液压式激振器 (Hydraulic Exciter)电液放大器 (Electro-hydraulic Amplifier)磁吸式激振器 (Magnetic Pulling Exciter)涡流式激振器 (Eddy Current Exciter)压电激振片 (Piezoelectric Exciting Elements)冲击力锤 (Impact Hammer)冲击试验台 (Shock Testing Machine)激振控制技术 (Excitation Control Technique)波形再现 (Wave Reproduction)压缩技术 (Compression Technique)均衡技术 (Equalization Technique)交越频率 (Crossover Frequency)综合技术 (Synthesis Technique)校准 (Calibration)分部校准 (Calibration for Components in system)系统校准 (Calibration for Over-all System)模拟传感器 (Simulated Transducer)静态校准 (Static Calibration)简谐激励校准 (Harmonic Excitation Calibration)绝对校准 (Absolute Calibration)相对校准 (Relative Calibration)比较校准 (Comparison Calibration)标准振动台 (Standard Vibration Exciter)读数显微镜法 (Microscope-streak Method)光栅板法 (Ronchi Ruling Method)光学干涉条纹计数法 (Optical Interferometer Fringe Counting Method)光学干涉条纹消失法 (Optical Interferometer Fringe Disappearance Method) 背靠背安装 (Back-to-back Mounting)互易校准法 (Reciprocity Calibration)共振梁 (Resonant Bar)冲击校准 (Impact Exciting Calibration)摆锤冲击校准 (Ballistic Pendulum Calibration)落锤冲击校准 (Drop Test Calibration)振动和冲击标准 (Vibration and Shock Standard)迈克尔逊干涉仪 (Michelson Interferometer)摩尔干涉图象 (Moire Fringe)参考传感器 (Reference Transducer)3 频率分析及数字信号处理带通滤波器 (Band-pass Filter)半功率带宽 (Half-power Bandwidth)3 dB 带宽 (3 dB Bandwidth)等效噪声带宽 (Effective Noise Bandwidth)恒带宽 (Constant Bandwidth)恒百分比带宽 (Constant Percentage Bandwidth)1/N 倍频程滤波器 (1/N Octave Filter)形状因子 (Shape Factor)截止频率 (Cut-off Frequency)中心频率 (Centre Frequency)模拟滤波器 (Analog Filter)数字滤波器 (Digital Filter)跟踪滤波器 (Tracking Filter)外差式频率分析仪 (Heterodyne Frequency Analyzer) 逐级式频率分析仪 (Stepped Frequency Analyzer)扫描式频率分析仪 (Sweeping Filter Analyzer)混频器 (Mixer)RC 平均 (RC Averaging)平均时间 (Averaging Time)扫描速度 (Sweeping Speed)滤波器响应时间 (Filter Response Time)离散傅里叶变换 (DFT，Discrete Fourier Transform) 快速傅里叶变换 (FFT，Fast Fourier Transform)抽样频率 (Sampling Frequency)抽样间隔 (Sampling Interval)抽样定理 (Sampling Theorem)抗混滤波 (Anti-aliasing Filter)泄漏 (Leakage)加窗 (Windowing)窗函数 (Window Function)截断 (Truncation)频率混淆 (Frequency Aliasing)乃奎斯特频率 (Nyquist Frequency)矩形窗 (Rectangular Window)汉宁窗 (Hanning Window)凯塞-贝塞尔窗 (Kaiser-Bessel Window)平顶窗 (Flat-top Window)平均 (Averaging)线*平均 (Linear Averaging)指数平均 (Exponential Averaging)峰值保持平均 (Peak-hold Averaging)时域平均 (Time-domain Averaging)谱平均 (Spectrum Averaging)重叠平均 (Overlap Averaging)栅栏效应 (Picket Fence Effect)吉卜斯效应 (Gibbs Effect)基带频谱分析 (Base-band Spectral Analysis)选带频谱分析 (Band Selectable Sp4ctralAnalysis)细化 (Zoom)数字移频 (Digital Frequency Shift)抽样率缩减 (Sampling Rate Reduction)功率谱估计 (Power Spectrum Estimate)相关函数估计 (Correlation Estimate)频响函数估计 (Frequency Response Function Estimate) 相干函数估计 (Coherence Function Estimate)冲激响应函数估计 (Impulse Response Function Estimate) 倒频谱 (Cepstrum)功率倒频谱 (Power Cepstrum)幅值倒频谱 (Amplitude Cepstrum)倒频率 (Quefrency)4 旋转机械的振动测试及状态监测状态监测 (Condition Monitoring)故障诊断 (Fault Diagnosis)转子 (Rotor)转手支承系统 (Rotor-Support System)振动故障 (Vibration Fault)轴振动 (Shaft Vibration)径向振动 (Radial Vibration)基频振动 (Fundamental Frequency Vibration)基频检测 (Fundamental Frequency Component Detecting) 键相信号 (Key-phase Signal)正峰相位 (+Peak Phase)高点 (High Spot)光电传感器 (Optical Transducer)同相分量 (In-phase Component)正交分量 (Quadrature Component)跟踪滤波 (Tracking Filter)波德图 (Bode Plot)极坐标图 (Polar Plot)临界转速 (Critical Speed)不平衡响应 (Unbalance Response)残余振幅 (Residual Amplitude)方位角 (Attitude Angle)轴心轨迹 (Shaft Centerline Orbit)正进动 (Forward Precession)同步正进动 (Synchronous Forward Precession)反进动 (Backward Precession)正向涡动 (Forward Whirl)反向涡动 (Backward Whirl)油膜涡动 (Oil Whirl)油膜振荡 (Oil Whip)轴心平均位置 (Average Shaft Centerline Position)复合探头 (Dual Probe)振摆信号 (Runout Signal)电学振摆 (Electrical Runout)机械振摆 (Mechanical Runout)慢滚动向量 (Slow Roll Vector)振摆补偿 (Runout Compensation)故障频率特征 (Frequency Characteristics Of Fault)重力临界 (Gravity Critical)对中 (Alignment)双刚度转子 (Dual Stiffness Rotor)啮合频率 (Gear-mesh Frequency)间入简谐分量 (Interharmonic Component)边带振动 (Side-band Vibration)三维频谱图 (Three Dimensional Spectral Plot)瀑布图 (Waterfall Plot)级联图 (Cascade Plot)阶次跟踪 (Order Tracking)阶次跟踪倍乘器 (Order Tracking Multiplier)监测系统 (Monitoring System)适调放大器 (Conditional Amplifier) 趋势分析 (Trend Analysis)倒频谱分析 (Cepstrum Analysis)直方图 (Histogram)确认矩阵 (Confirmation Matrix)通频幅值 (Over-all Amplitude)幅值谱 (Amplitude Spectrum)相位谱 (Phase Spectrum)报警限 (Alarm Level)。