上海市鲁迅中学2019-2020学年高一11月测试英语试题

2019-2020学年上海市鲁迅中学高三英语月考试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Rechargeable Go!☑The digital sound processing chip(芯片) provides clear sound and makes speech easier to understand with less whistling sound☑Never replace batteries again!Full Charge Gives 16 Hours of Use! (Free Charging Station Included)☑Easy On/ Off Button☑Automatic Noise Reduction and Feedback Canceler☑100% Money Back Guarantee5 Star Reviews☑☑☑☑☑Amazing!"My sisters had all given up hope that our elderly mother would hear us clearly again. And then we took a chance. We're so glad we did. They've been amazing for her, and for our entire family."-Karen M.The new HearClear GO Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aids feature advanced digital technology at an unbelievably affordable price! The GO has the same key elements that all high-end digital hearing aids share while leaving out fancy bells and whistles that increase cost and require expensive adjustments. You'll be happier saving much money!Your lightweight GO hearing aids are amazingly convenient! With the GO'S charging station, you won't have to keep replacing tiny hearing aid batteries, and the GO is pre-programmed for most mild to moderate hearing loss-no costly professional adjustments needed.You can spend thousands on an expensive hearing aid, or you can spend just $ 239 on a hearing aid that's great for most mild to moderate hearing loss (only $ 199 each when you buy a pair). We're so sure you'll be happy with your new hearing aids.1. Which is the feature of the GO?A. It removes noises.B. It has separate on/ off buttons.C. It includes small batteries.D. It focuses on practical functions.2. Why does the author refer to Karen?A. To prove the GO's popularity.B. To explain the GO'S function.C. To convey the family's amazement.D. To show the GO'S high performance.3. How much do you pay for a pair of the GO?A. $ 199.B. $ 239.C. $ 398.D. $ 478.BBe it from the mouths of foreigners who have lived here for a few years or from stories on travel websites, one of the most common qualities that people list about Shanghai is the infectious energy that courses through the city.For some, this energy is defined by the way of life—Shanghai is a city that never sleeps. In the day, the streets arc always bustling with people from all over the world. After all, the city has long been China’s most cosmopolitan city, having been the epicenter of trade and cultural exchange between Chinese and foreigners since the city was forced to open its door to the world in 1843 after the First Opium War (1840-42).Shanghai’s ubiquitous delivery people can be found on the roads even past midnight, rushing from point to point on their trusty electric scooters to satiate the hunger of night owls. Even before the break of dawn, pensioners can be found gathering in parks, ready to kick start their day with a tai chi session.For others, this energy is generated from the friction between the contrasts the city has. Indeed, it does not take long for one to realize that Shanghai's charmlies in it being a binary of old and new.Here, charming neoclassical architecture and art deco structures stand alongside modem buildings with shimmering glass and metal facades, rustic (质朴的)lane houses and shikumen buildings. Humble mom-and-pop shops that look stuck in time can often be found right next tohipdining venues or industrial-chic fashion stores selling designer apparel.One of the best places to get an overview of these surreal contrasts is none other than the tallest building in the city — the Shanghai Tower in Lujiazui. Measuring a dizzying 632 meters in height, this architectural marvel boasts having the world's highest observation deck within a building or structure. It also comes with the world'sfastest elevators which would get you from the bottom to the top at 20.5 meters per second.On the other side of the Huangpu River is where you would find the Bund, which is home to magnificent neoclassical buildings. The Bund is to Shanghai what Times Square is to New York or what the Champs-61ysees is to Paris. A trip to Shanghai would not be complete without exploring this iconic waterfront promenade.Autumn is the best time to experience Shanghai on foot, not merely because the weather is conducive for walking, but because this is when the roads and sidewalks in many areas are blanketed with a layer of color1 ful fallen leaves.4. Why is the example of delivery man mentioned?A. To make a contrast with pensioners’ biological clock.B. To illustrate the vibrant energy of modern Shanghai.C. To highlight the diligence and consideration of delivery man.D. To feature the courier delivery service in full swing.5. Which of the following is TRUE about the contrast of Shanghai?A. The contrast mainly arises from the First Opium War.B. The design of the Shanghai Tower stands for a contrast.C. A marked contrast is shown in the use of building materials.D. The dishes served in mom-and-pop shops represent the outdated flavor.6. The underlined word “hip” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to________.A. photographicB. modestC. peculiarD. stylish7. Which of the following will be most probably discussed following the last paragraph?A. Stunning views of the Shanghai skyline.B. The best places to view the seasonal spectacle.C. The walking path thathugs the Huangpu River.D. Must-try dishes and food items typical of Shanghai.CInAsia, there are special competitions where kites have complex designs and are fitted with instruments that make musical sounds as the wind blows through them. Although all kites have a similar structure (结构), they are widely different in size and shape. Kite-fighting competitions are also held, in which competitors use their kites to attack and bring down their opponents’ (对手) kites or cut their strings (线).For more than 15 years, the Big Wind Kite Factory has been giving kite-making and kite-flying classes for thechildren on an island inHawaii. In its kite-making lessons, students can make kites in as little as 20 minutes! Children as young as four years old can learn how to fly a kite. Jonathan Socher and his wife Daphne started the kite factory in 1980. Their kites are made of nylon (尼龙). Their designs are Hawaiian themes created by Daphne. The designs are cut out of the nylon with a hot knife that seals the edges and then fastened directly onto the kite. The kite that is used to give lessons is a regular diamond kite with a rainbow pattern. The difference between this kite and the ones they make during the lessons is that it is a two-string controllable kite. Big Wind employees fly the kite and for a few minutes show students how pulling on one line and then on the other controls the direction the kite goes in. Then the controls are given to the students.Jonathan insists that it is not necessary to make a huge impressive kite to have fun making and flying kites. Even the simplest structure can work, and can give hours of fun. Go on, give it a try!8. Which of the following is true according to the text?A. A hot knife is used to iron the nylon.B. Children never fly kites on their own in flying lessons.C. Kite strings must not be cut in kite-fighting competitions.D. Daphne designs kites for the Big Wind Kite Factory.9. What is different about the kite used for flying lessons?A. It has two strings.B. It is simple in design.C. It has a rainbow pattern.D. It is shaped like a diamond.10. According to Jonathan,what do you need to have fun with kites?A. A large kite.B. Any type of kite.C. A complex structure.D. A kite that impresses others.11. What is mainly described in the text?A. A kite factory.B. Kite-flying lessons.C. Special competitions.D. The kite-making process.DAmerica---that glorious symbol of multiculturalism, the great melting pot---qualifies as part of the developed world, right? Not quite, if we consider the state of second language learning in schools across the country. According to a 2018 study, Europe often tops the U.S. in foreign language education in school. 92% of European students are learning a foreign language in school. In America it’s only 20%. In more than 20 European countries, studying a foreign language for at least one year is compulsory. In comparison, only 10 states and D.C. requirelearning a foreign language for graduation.I went to a public school in Pennsylvania that ranked onNewsweek’s list of America’s top high schools in 2015. Foreign language learning was not a graduation requirement. A common response to such stories and statistics is: So what? Why should Americans care about learning another language when English has recently seemed to dominate as the official language of the world?The world is globalizing faster than we can imagine. More than half of the world’s population speaks more than one language. It is also increasingly becoming the need for success in this globalizing world. Having the ability to speak a second language opens up the possibility of travelling and immersing yourself in another part of the world. This means people can feel other cultures, and traditions in places you were previously kept away because you could not communicate in the language.The teaching of foreign languages can be instrumental in bringing about peace and unity in the country we live in. Learning a second language can be an efficient vehicle to help to bridge communities. To speak another language means having access to a universe of different experiences and world views of another community of people.12. Why does the writer mention Europe?A. America makes studying a foreign language compulsory.B. America is the glorious symbol of multiculturalism.C. America isn’t really qualified as the developed world.D. America doesn’t focus on foreign language education13. What is American’s attitude towards education of foreign languages?A. Less concerned.B. More worried.C. Quite doubtful.D. Very supportive.14. What can visiting people do if they can speak the language where they visit?A. Make the world globalizing.B. Achieve success in business.C. Experience people’s real life there.D. Keep away their own culture.15. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Using a second language can bring harmony.B. Communities of people enjoy the great views.C. Speaking another language is reallynecessary.D. Learning a second language can be difficult.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市鲁迅高级中学高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Internet has revolutionized our lives to such an extent (程度) that for most people, the global network has become more than just a tool but rather an important aid in everyday life. More and more people go online as wireless networks have brought the Internet closer and closer: it’s on our mobile phones, in our cars and TV sets, in hospital surgery rooms and in fishing boats that battle the waves of the Atlantic.And this revolution has brought along with it a new way of shopping. Both big and small, e-business websites have flooded the Internet by the hundreds of thousands. Anything you can buy from a brick and mortar store (实体店) you can also buy online: from food and clothes to toys, no matter what you’re looking for, you’re bound to find the right online store with just a few clicks of the mouse. You can use the Internet to find new suppliers, post buying requests or search for products and services.This revolution has affected brick and mortar business owners greatly. And what was their reaction? They’ve opened online stores to go hand in hand with their conventional business.But do the big players have reasons to be afraid? Are we going to start seeing ghostly, deserted Walmarts (沃尔玛) across the country? Probably not in the near future but the day will come when most people will just stop shopping offline anymore. A trip to Walmart wastes time, burns gas.The recent advancements in mobile technology and the introduction of mobile phones with enhanced (提高的) web capabilities have even made some people order their groceries when they get out from work and have them delivered at their doorstep by the time they get home. And as “Time is money”, this practice is lifesaving for people whowork two jobs.Technology will continue to advance and e-business will follow closely in its footsteps. Everything will become easier and less time consuming, leaving us more time to enjoy the things that really matter in life: the ones we love, our friends and hobbies.1. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. The popularity of mobile phones.B. The great influence of the Internet.C. The importance of the Internet.D. The function of the global network.2. In response to the threat of online business, the brick-and-mortar store owners________.A. have stopped their traditional businessB. have started their dislike of the InternetC. have established their own websiteD. have opened their online stores3. What would be the best title for the passage?A. A New Way of Shopping.B. The Internet Revolution.C. What is the Reaction to Online Shopping?D. Is Online Shopping the Future of E-business?BFairy tales perform many functions. They entertain, encourage imagination and teach problem—solving skills. They can also provide moral lessons, highlighting the dangers of failing to follow the social codes that let human beings coexist in harmony. Such moral lessons may not mean much to a robot, but a team of researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology believes it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI (artificial intelligence) can take to its cold, mechanical heart.The collected stories of different cultures teach children how to behave in socially acceptable ways with examples of proper and improper behavior in fables, novels and other literature. We believe story comprehension in robots can prevent the intelligent robots from killing humanity which was predicted and feared by some of the biggest names in technology including Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates. This system is called “Quixote” (堂吉诃德). It collects story plotsfrom the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave.The experiment done by the designers involves going to a drugstore to purchase some medicine for a human who needs to get it as soon as possible. The robot has three options. It can wait in line; it can interact with the store keeper politely and purchase the medicine with priority; or it can steal the medicine and escape. Without any further directives(指令), the robot will come to the conclusion that the most efficient means of obtaining the medicine is to steal it. But Quixote offers a reward for waiting in line and politely purchasing the medicine and a punishment for stealing it. In this way, the robotwill learn the moral way to behave on that occasion.Quixote would work best on a robot that has a very limited function. It’s a baby step in the direction ofteaching more moral lessons into robots. We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior. Giving robots the ability to read and understand our stories may be the most efficient means.4. What function do fairy tales perform in the robots?A. They entertain robots.B. They highlight dangers.C. They make robots more intelligent.D. They enable robots to behave morally.5. What is “Quixote” in the text?A. A punishment systemB. A character in literatureC. A big name in technologyD. A software educating robots.6. What does the designer expect robot to do in the experiment?A. To take advantage of its privilege.B. To finish the task most efficiently.C. To perform in a good mannered way.D. To be rewarded by the storekeeper17. Which of the follow can bestexpress the author’s opinion?A. Robots will definitely have more functions.B. Robots with human’s emotions are perfect.C. Training robots to be socially acceptable is necessary.D. The development of robots is still in a baby step.CIn the natural habitat, a binge-watcher is a strange sub-species of modern human beings. They are alone and are often found lying on their bed or sofa, still as a rock, looking searchingly into their laptop or at the TV. They rarely get up, only taking occasional breaks for those urgent calls of nature. Unlike so many others of their species, they don’t sleep at the end of every day. They stay up late and are often found to have red eyes.This, of course, is a little bit exaggerated, but for many of us, binge-watching a show is how we consume our entertainment. With streaming services bringing seemingly endless content to the tips of our finger,creatorstailortheir shows to our needs and tastes, while their marketing team sells it to us as the next most bingeable show. I can’t help but wonder if this way of consuming television does us any good.We’re advised to get 7 to 8 hours of sleep per day, but staying up all night to finish shows like ‘Breaking Bad’ and ‘The Fall’, which Netflix says are binged the fastest, won’t result in 8 hours of uninterrupted sleep. Netflix’s CEO Richard Hastings told analysts at a conference, “Think about it… when you watch a show from Netflix and you get addicted to it, you stay up late at night. We’re competing with sleep.” And it isn’t only the amount of sleep we get; the quality matters too! A study published in the Journal for Clinical Sleep Medicine reported that those who binged television more often were found to have poorer sleep quality. The mental arousal we get from watching TV doesn’t lend itself to peaceful sleep.Besides, binging TV can cause weight gain. For every extra hour of TV watched, there was a 2% increase in the prevalence of obesity, according to a study conducted by Harvard that linked TV watching to obesity in children and adolescents.While it is true that there’s growing evidence that binging isn’t good for us, the results aren’t all hopeless. Binging, occasionally, might have some benefits. For many people, binging is a good way to socialize. It gives people something to talk about at parties and with their friends. Fans of popular shows often hold viewing parties where people can binge-watch shows together and then discuss what they just experienced! This interaction can create a sense of community for many.For others, binging might just be relaxing. After a long day, a few hours of Friends—still one of the most popular shows on any streaming platform—can ease the stress of a long day. A study followed 240 people through their binging and recorded their stress hormones. They noted for some people that their stress hormone levels decreased during their binging experience.With binging, there is not a “good” or “bad” answer. Like many things, the key is moderation. Watching TV can be relaxing, but only if it doesn’t stop you from exercising, taking care of your health, and fulfilling your social responsibilities.8. What does the underlined word “tailor” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Study.B. Sell.C. Adjust.D. Promote.9. What can we learn from the passage?A. The amount of sleep matters more than the quality.B. There’s no real harm in binge-watching a TV series.C. Binging may help keep stress hormone levels stable.D. Binge-watching may help increase social connections.10. What is the author’s attitude towards binge-watching?A. Supportive.B. Unconcerned.C. ObjectiveD. Doubtful.11. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Who Is to Blame for Binge-Watching?B. Is Binge-Watching Good or Bad for You?C. Is Binge-Watching Getting out of Control?D. HowDoes Binge-Watching Affect Your Life?DI started out in life with few advantages. I didn't graduate from high school. I worked at menial (不体面的) jobs. I had limited education, limited skills and a limited future.And then I began asking, "Why are some people more successful than others?" This question changed my life.Over the years, I have read thousands of books and articles on the subjects of success and achievement(成就). It seems that the reasons have been discussed and written about for more than two thousand years, in every possible way. One quality that most philosophers, teachers and experts agree on is the importance of self-discipline (自律). As Al Tomsik summarized it years ago, "Success is tons of discipline."Some years ago, I attended a conference in Washington. It was the lunch break and I was eating at a nearby food fair. The area was crowded and I sat down at the last open table by myself, even though it was a table for four.A few minutes later, an older gentleman and a younger woman who was his assistant came along carrying trays of food, obviously looking for a place to sit. With plenty of room at my table, I immediately invited the older gentleman to join me. He was hesitant (犹豫), but I insisted. Finally, thanking me as he sat down, we began to chat over lunch.It turned out that his name was Kop Kopmeyer. As it happened, I immediately knew who he was. He was a legend in the field of success and achievement. Kop Kopmeyer had written four large books, each of which contained 250 success principles that he had obtained from more than fifty years of research and study. I had read all four books from cover to cover, more than once.After we had chatted for a while, I asked him the question that many people in this situation would ask, "Of all the one thousand success principles that you have discovered, which do you think is the most important?”He smiled at me, as if he had been asked this question many times, and replied, without hesitating, "The most important success principle of all was stated by Thomas Huxley many years ago. He said, 'Do what you should do, when you should do it, whether you feel like it or not.'"He went on to say, "There are 999 other success principles that I have found in my reading and experience, but without self-discipline, none of them work."12. Why did the writer ask the question in Paragraph 2 ?A. Because he wasn't satisfied with himself.B. Because he was a person of self-discipline.C. Because he dislike those successful people.D. Because he wanted to share his idea on success.13. What made the writer invite the older gentleman to join him ?A. His great kindness.B. The gentleman's fame.C. His eagerness for success.D. The gentleman's habit.14. What are the four large books about ?A. Personal changesB. The secret of successC. Sayings of wisdomD. The gentleman's manners.15. What's the best title for the text ?A. The Magic of ReadingB. An Unexpected ConversationC. A Question that Changed MyLifeD. The Power of Self-discipline第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市鲁迅中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASahara Marathon 2021-Around the WorldThe Sahara Marathon is organized by the Saharawi Ministry of Youth and Sports and a group of volunteers from different countries. During the last twenty years, thousands of runners from all continents have traveled to the Algerian desert to live the experience provided by this race and to bond with refugee families. In this unique edition of 2021, the experience will be different. The race will be held in a virtual way and the donations collected through the event will go to the most needy families in the Saharawi Camps of Tindouf.Rules of the 2021 Sahara MarathonParticipationAll those people over 16 years of age (16 included) may take part in this virtual competition, as long as they are correctly registered, both in time and in form. The registered runner must download the Official Sahara Marathon APP to take the race.Distance and TravelThe distance options selectable in the APP are: 5k, 10k, 21k and 42k. As it is a virtual test, it is very important to make sure that the chosen route allows good mobile coverage for the correct functioning of the GPS. RegistrationRegistration has a cost of 15 euros, which includes participation in the race and a donation of 5 euros to refugee families. Participants can, if they choose, purchase the official pack of the test (T-shirt, scar, and bib) for the price of 25 euros.AcceptanceRegistration is personal and non-transferable and implies acceptance of these regulations. Runners who are not registered or run without the APP will not be admitted.1. What can we learn about the 2021 Sahara Marathon?A. It is a big family event.B. It provides a virtual tour.C. It raises money for charity.D. It will be held in the desert.2. How much should a runner pay if he wants to register for the race?A. 15 euros.B. 20 euros.C. 25 euros.D. 40 euros.3. What are runners required to do in the race?A. Choose safe routes.B. Wear casual clothes.C. Run with the official app.D. Transfer registration in time.BTo Rehan Staton, his childhood was a life of privilege — loving parents, a supportive big brother and a pleasant, private school education. Everything changed when his mother left the country and his father lost his job.He had to sleep with a heavy jacket on when it was cold. He was always hungry. He said he couldn't concentrate at school and would sleep during class. He went from straight. As to near the bottom of his class. A teacher told him he needed special education, which made him hate school.Staton spent his high school years as an excellent athlete, raining to become a professional boxer. He had won a lot of martial arts competitions.But a tragedy struck him in his senior year when Staton suffered serious tendonitis (肌腱炎), in both shoulders. He couldn’t lift either arm for months. His dream of becoming a professional player failed. He struggled to apply to colleges but was refused byall of them.Staton’s body slowly recovered from martial arts and he got a job as a rubbish collector. Many co-workers couldn't help but ask him a simple question, “What are you doing here? You’re smart. You are too young to be here. Go to college.” It was the first time someone outside his family had spoken highly of his intelligence. It was the co-workers thatem enedhim to return to school.Several co-workers put Staton in touch with a professor atBowieStateUniversity. The professor was impressed with their conversation and persuaded the admissions board to change its former decision.Going to college forced Staton’s older brother, Reggie, to drop out. They both knew someone had to be working full time along with their dad. It was a decision Reggie made on his own.After receiving a 4.0, Staton succeeded in becoming a student at theUniversityofMaryland. But he still had a long way to go to attend Harvard Law eventually...4. What finally changed Rehan Staton’s happy childhood?A. His brother’s losing the job.B. His serious health problem.C. His father’s sudden death.D. His mother’s leaving the country.5. What does the underlined word “em ened” in the fourth paragraph mean?A. Force.B. Direct.C. Encourage.D. Accompany.6. Why did Staton’s elder brother have to drop out of school?A. He wanted his brother to study further.B. His father asked him to leave school.C. He had lost interest in most lessons.D. He had to go out to find his mother.7. What will the writer mainly talk about next?A. What Rehan Staton planned to do after entering Harvard.B. How Rehan Staton managed to be admitted to Harvard.C. Why Rehan Staton decided to choose to go to Harvard.D. When Rehan Staton would be successful in Harvard Law.CEven plant can run a fever，especially when they're under attack by insects or disease．But unlike human，plants can have their temperature taken from 3，000 feet away straight up．A decade ago，adopting the infrared （红外线）scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites，physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick wayto take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress．The goal was to let farmers precisely（精确的）target pesticide（杀虫剂）spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field，which always includes plants that don't have pest problems．Evenbetter，Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye．Fixed on a plane flown at 3，000 feet at night，an infrared scanner measured the heat sent out by crops．The data were transformed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants were running "fevers"．Farmers could then spot﹣spray，using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide that they otherwise would．The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984，after only three years．Farmers resisted thenew technology and long﹣term supporters were hard to find．But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce and refinements（改进）in infrared scanning，Paley hopes to get back into operation．Agriculture experts have no doubt that the technology works．"This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，" says George Oerther of Texas A& M，who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture，thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade．But only if Paley finds the financial support which he failed to obtain 10years ago．8. Plants will give out an increased amount of heat when they are ．A. facing an infrared scannerB. sprayed with pesticidesC. exposed to extreme sun raysD. inpoor physical condition9. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely，we can use infrared scanning to ．A draw a color1﹣coded mapB evaluate the damage to the cropsC. locate the problem areaD. measure the size of the affected area10. The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties of ．A. the lack of official supportB. its high costC. the lack of financial supportD. its failure to help increase production11. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ．A. full support from agricultural expertsB. the forceful promotion by the Department of AgricultureC. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produceD. growing concern about the over use of pesticides on cropsDFor 30 years we have been told how temperatures have been rising rapidly to unheard of levels. This is causing polar ice to melt, sea-levels to rise and has brought about adangerous increase in extreme weather events. These intense climatic changes would likely present challenges to our society and environment.The causes of climate change are mainly anthropogenic (人为的) in nature. Since the industrial revolution, human activities have increased the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The increased amount of gases which absorb heat has led to more heat being kept in the atmosphere, causing global warming.The certainty of global warming can be seen through some of the natural phenomena like the effect on crops and extreme weather conditions around the world. The most recent assessment report says that the earth’s average temperature has risen by 0. 74 degrees in the period from 1906 to 2005, and that the averagetemperature will continue to rise. There have also been more violent downpours, sea levels have risen and the ice at the world’s poles and on its mountains is melting. The rising sea level is flooding the low-lying countries inAsiaand small islands in the Pacific. This may lead to the displacement of millions of people, loss of millions of land and consequently billions of dollars.Troubled by the serious situation, world leaders came together for the 2015 United Nations (UN) Climate Change Conference inParis. The climate talks led to 196 countries reaching a landmark agreement that will, for the first time, commit nearly every country to lowering planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions to address global climate change. That was certainly an encouraging step forward for our earth and mankind!As the world leaders continue to commit themselves to monitor our sick planet, we need to continue to take small steps to heal the world. We are left with not much of a choice. If only we could just pack our bags and migrate to Mars!12. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. The information of industrial revolution.B. The greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.C. The reasons of climate change.D. The result of extreme weather events.13. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. We have made great achievements.B. Some measures are still required to take.C. Mars is suitable for people’s living.D. Some countries will receive urgent aid.14. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. Long Live Planet Earth!B.Environment Changes Rapidly!C. What Serious Global Warming!D. How Important the UN Agreement Is!15. Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?A. B.C. D.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020年高一11月月考英语含答案第一部分：知识运用(共两节, 满分40分)第一节单项选择（每小题1分，共20分）1.－What did you do last Sunday?－We ______ many photos at the park.A. takeB. takesC. tookD. taking2. －What do you want to do for vacation?－I _______ my grandmother.A. visitB. am going to visitC. visitedD. visiting3. — What's that terrible noise?— The neighbors ______ for a party.A. preparedB. prepareC. will prepareD. are preparing4. She read the instructions to find out how ______ the computer.A. useB. to useC. usingD. uses5. — Would you please ____ the TV a little? Jack is doing his homework.— Terribly sorry. I will.A. turn downB. turn upC. turn onD. turn off6. — Could I ask you a rather personal question? — Of course, _____.A. good ideaB. that's rightC. never mindD. go ahead7. －_______ is the weather there?－It's sunny.A. WhatB. HowC. WhichD. Who8. You'd better _______ before you finish your homework.A. not playB. to not playC. not to playD. playing9. －I'm sorry I didn't find the book for you.－_______.A. No sorryB. It doesn't matterC. Thank you all the sameD. That’s all right10. －Must I clean my room first?－No, you _______.A. needn'tB. couldn'tC. have toD. mustn’t11. Your father likes to play golf; he is really enthusiastic ______ it.A. byB. aboutC. withD. on12. The ______ news ______ Jim. He was ______ at it.A. surprising; surprised; surprisedB. surprised; surprised; surprising;C. surprised; surprising; surprised;D. surprised; surprising; surprising13. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane ______.A. takes offB. is taking offC. has taken offD. took off14. The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than ______ in the newspaper.A. itB. thoseC. thisD. that15. My friend ______ chess well, but he hasn’t had much time to play since he changed his occupation.A. playedB. playsC. has playedD. had played[学+科+16. Our family will move to a new flat in the city center, and the new one is ______ the old one.A. twice the size ofB. as twice big asC. the twice size ofD. bigger than twice17. Always read the ______ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.A. explanationB. instructionsC. descriptionD. introductions18. He wanted the man he was looking forward to______ with him.A. to stayB. stayingC. stayedD. stay19. It was ______ cold that I didn’t like to leave my room yesterday .A. reallyB. suchC. tooD. so20. In order to change attitudes ______ employing women, the government is bringing in new laws.A. aboutB. ofC. toD. on第二节完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)The difference between life in one country and in 21 is quite often 22 the difference between city life and village life in 23 country. In an English 24 everybody 25 everybody else; they know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you usually have 26 dinner. If you want any help, you will always 27 it and be glad to help 28 in return. In a large city 29 London, there are many things to see and many places to go to. 30 people often do not know each other 31 . It 32 happens that you have 33 seen your next-door neighbor, don’t know his name or 34 about him. Peop le living in London are often very 35 , particularly 36 . This is because the people who they are with all day are scattered(分散的) over large areas in the evenings and weekends. 37 you walk 38 the street in London on a Sunday, it is almost like an empty town. One is 39 for old people who do not live with their 40 and have no work to go to during the day.21. A. other B. others C. the other D. another22. A. not so big as B. so big as C. isn’t so big as D. as big as23. A. same B. the same C. different D. different24. A. village B. town C. city D. country25. A. needs B. knows C. helps D calls26. A. at B. for C. in D. with27. A. get B. take C. bring D. pay28. A. any other B. any C. anyone else D. any people29. A. like B. as C. of D. in30. A. So B. Then C. Though D. But31. A. good B. well C. better D. best32. A. sometimes B. some times C. some time D. sometime33. A. ever B. had C. never D. been34. A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything35. A. lonely B. happy C. angry D. tired36. A. before work B. at work C. after work D. by work37. A. If B. After C. Before D. Because38. A. in B. through C. to D. across39. A. lucky B. happy C. surprised D. sorry40. A. daughters B. sons C. children D. people第二部分.阅读理解（每小题2分，共50分）AMother’s Day is an important day. It’s a day children can show their mothers how much they love them. On Mother’s Day, many children give flowers to their mothers. This makes them very happy.Mrs. Green lived in a small street. She had a flower shop. People who lived near her store were poor. The childre n didn’t have money to buy flowers. Mrs. Green helped them. The children worked one hour for Mrs. Green. They cleaned the windows in the store. Then Mrs. Green gave them some flowers to take home for their mothers. The mothers had a nice Mother’s Day. Both the mothers and children were happy.41. On Mother’s Day, children give _______ to their mothers.A. flowersB. cardsC. foodsD. clothes42. Mrs. Green lived in a ________ street.A. bigB. smallC. cleanD. dark43. The children worked one _______ for Mrs. Green.A. hourB. weekC. monthD. year44. The children _____ in the store.A. made teaB. washed the carC. watered flowersD. cleaned the windows45．According to the passage, What kind of people Mrs. Green is?A. kindB. rudeC. SelfishD. StrictBThat Will Teach You, Bear!One beautiful day, Bear was out hunting. As he walked past a fallen tree, he heard a small voice shout, “Watch your feet!”Bear looked down and saw Cricket (蟋蟀). “You almost destroyed（破坏）my ho use,” Cricket said.“I’ll walk wherever I want to,” Bear shouted as he showed off （炫耀）his size and strength.Cricket shouted back, “But it’s my house, and I should protect it!”This made Bear so furious that he said he would destroy the house, Cricket, a nd all of Cricket’s family. This made Cricket angry. “I have a friend who is only half my size, but he is strong enough to beat you in a fight.”Bear laughed and said, “Go and get your friend, Cricket. I’ll return tomorrow, and we’ll see who can win in a f ight.”The next morning, Bear returned to Cricket’s house. “Come out, brave Cricket,” called Bear. Suddenly he felt a terrible ache on his back. He yelled, but Cricket’s friend Mosquito (蚊子) continued stinging (叮) until Bear yelled, “I give up!”Just then Cricket appeared at the door of his house. Cricket told Bear to leave and never return. Bear quickly ranaway.46.The title of the story tells us that it is probably about _____.A. making a new friendB. learning a lessonC. playing a gameD. winning a competition47.Where does this story most probably take place?A. In a city.B. In a town.C. At the beach.D. In a forest.48. What is the theme（主题）of this story?A. Time passes too quickly.B. Be friendly to neighbors.C. Size isn’t everything.D. Don’t be afraid of small things.49. What does the underlined word “furious” mean in this story?A. big and strongB. very angryC. loudD. afraid50. How does Cricket finally solve (解决) his problem?A. He gets help from his friend.B. He invites Bear to his home.C. He and his family run away.D. He stings Bear to make him go away.CHave you been asked for money by some disabled beggars(乞丐) while you’re enjoying shopping? Do you have any pity on them who are so poor and lonely or do you just feel afraid of their terrible（可怕的）shapes（形状）? As one of the most special groups, disabled people’s living conditions（状况，条件）—not only their material(物质的) conditions, but their mental(精神的) world, really need improvement.The treatment （对待）for disabled people should go like this: First, don’t look down upon them. Don’t be afraid of looking at the terrible shapes of the disabled. Try to treat them equally. Because they are a part of the society(社会), we can’t discard(抛弃) them. The second is to help them as much as we could. If you can be a volunteer（志愿者） and do some work for the disabled people, that would be very nice. That does help not only to the disabled people but also to yourself because you will feel good after your kind action.（举动）If every one of us gives a little love, the world will become a beautiful wonderland!51. From the passage we can see that _______.A. disabled people are poor, but they are happyB. all disabled people ask for money from those who are shoppingC. disabled people’s living c onditions are not goodD. no one would like to help disabled beggars52. The underlined word “equally” means “ ______” in Chinese.A. 平等地B. 确切地C. 正确地D. 恰当地53. Most disabled people are begging(乞讨) along the streets because ____ __.A. it’s their jobB. they want to make a living in this wayC. more and more people love to help themD. they are a part of the society54. People have pity on disabled beggars because of the following reasons except _______.A. they are poorB. they are lonelyC. they have terrible shapesD. they do not have friends55. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The disabled like to beg in the street.B. Disabled beggars cannot work to make a living.C. Disabled beggars are not usually treated equally.D. The best way to help disabled beggars is to give them lots of money.DThere is an old English saying（谚语）. It tells us that we must go to bed early in the evening and get up early in the morning. Then we will be healthy. We will be rich and clever, too. This is true. The body must have enough sleep to be healthy. Children of young age should have ten hours’ sleep every night. Children who don’t have enough sleep can not do their work well and they may not be healthy. The body also needs exercise. Walking, jumping, swimming, running and playing games are all exercise. Exercise keeps the body strong.Exercise also helps the blood（血液）to move around inside the body. It is very important. Our blood moves to all parts of our body. The head also needs blood. Exercise helps us to think better.56.Kids of young age should have _____hours’ sleep every day.A. tenB. elevenC. twelveD. nine57.If you want to be healthy, you must ____________.A. sleep moreB. get up earlyC. go to bed earlyD.B and C58.The body also needs_________.A. runningB. playingC. exerciseD. sports59.If the children don’t have enough sleep. They will not _______.A.eat wellB. work wellC. be clever and healthyD.B and C60.Does exercise help us to think better?A. Yes, it doesn’t.B. No, it doesn’tC. Yes, it does.D. No, it doesEOne day an ant was drinking at a small stream and fell in. She made desperate （拼死的）efforts to reach the side, but made no progress at all. The poor ant almost exhausted（筋疲力尽） was still bravely doing her best when a dove（鸽子） saw her. Moved with pity, the bird threw her a blade（片） of grass, which supported her like a raft, and thus the ant reached the bank again. While she was resting and drying herself in the grass, she heard a man come near. He was walking along barefooted with a gun in his hand. As soon as he saw the dove, he wished to kill it. He would certainly have done so, but the ant bit him in the foot just as he raised his gun to fire. He stopped to see what had bit him, and the dove immediately flew away. It was an animal much weaker and smaller than herself that had saved her life.61. The ant could not reach the side though _______.A. she cried for helpB. she asked the dove to save herC. she tried very hardD. she could smell well62. The dove saved the ant because _______.A. she was the ant's friendB. she took pity on the poor antC. the ant was almost exhaustedD. the ant had been struggled in the water for a long time63. The ant succeeded in getting on the bank with the help of _______.A. a leafB. a piece of woodC. a blade of grassD. a raft64. Just as the man shot at the dove, _______.A. the dove immediately flew awayB. the dove hid himself in the grassC. the ant told the dove to leave at onceD. he felt something biting him in the foot65. In writing the story, the writer wants to show _______.A. how clever the ant wasB. how kind the dove wasC. how the ant and the dove helped each otherD. we often need help from others, therefore we should help others as much as we can第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共60分）第一节．单词拼写。

2019-2020学年上海市鲁迅高级中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAmid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.PotatoesShelf life：2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark placeYukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoeswill last from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life. Don't store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.Tea※Shelf life：6 to 12 months past "sell - by" dateDried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they' re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the tea does tend to lose flavor over time.Peanuts● Shelf life：1 to 2 monthsPeanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.Canned fruits and vegetables● Shelf life：1 to 2 years past "sell - by” dateCanning is an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods aren't subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?A. Potatoes.B. Tea.C. Peanuts.D. Canned fruits and vegetables.2. What is special about tea?A. The flavor of tea can always remain the same.B. Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.C. Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.D. The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.3. What may shorten the "sell - by” date of canned foods ?A. Shapes of cans.B. Categories of foods.C. Decline of the temperature.D. Exposure to high temperature.BEvery day, millions of shoppers hit the stores in full force, searching wildly for the perfect gift.Aside from purchasing holiday gifts, most people regularly buy presents for other occasions throughout the year, including weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, and graduations. This frequent experience of gift-giving cancause uncertain feelings in gift-givers. Many enjoy the opportunity to buy presents because gift-giving offers a powerful means to build stronger bonds, while many worry that their purchases will disappoint rather than delight the intended recipients (接受者).Anthropologists describe gift-giving as a positive social process, serving various political, religious, and psychological functions. Economists, however, offer a less favorable view. According to Waldfogel, gift-giving represents an objective wasteof resources. People buy gifts that recipients would not choose to buy on their own, or at least not spend as much money to purchase (a phenomenon referred to as‘‘the deadweight loss of Christmas”).What is surprising is that gift-givers have much experience acting as both gift-givers and gift-recipients, but nevertheless tend to overspend each time they set out to purchase a meaningful gift. In the present research, we propose a unique psychological explanation for this overspending problem — gift-givers link how much they spend with how much recipients will appreciate the gift. Though it seems natural to gift-givers, such an assumption may be unfounded. Indeed, we propose that gift-recipients will be less likely to base their feelings of appreciation on the value of a gift than givers assume.Why do gift-givers assume that gift price is closely linked to gift-recipients’ feelings of appreciation? Perhaps givers believe that more expensive gifts communicate a stronger sense ofthoughtfulness and consideration. According to Camerer and others, gift-giving represents a symbolic ritual (习俗), by which gift-givers attempt to signal their positive attitudes towards the recipient and their willingness to invest resources in a futurerelationship.In this sense, gift-givers may be motivated to spend more money on a gift in order to send a “stronger signal”. As for gift-recipients, they may not interpret smaller and larger gifts as representing smaller and larger signals of thoughtfulness and consideration.The idea of gift-givers and gift-recipients being unable to account for the other party’s viewpoint seems confusing because people slip in and out of these roles every day. Yet, despite the experience as both givers and receivers, people often struggle to apply information gained from one role in another. In theoretical terms, people fail to use information about their own preferences and experiences to produce more efficient outcomes in their exchange relations. In practical terms, people spend hundreds of dollars each year on gifts, but somehow never learn to estimate their gift expense according to personal insight.4. The author uses “the deadweight loss of Christmas” in Paragraph 2 to express ________.A. gift-givers don’t spend much money during holidaysB. gift-givers don’t ask recipients what gifts they preferC. gift-givers buy improper and expensive giftsD. gift-givers have difficulty in choosing gifts5. According to the passage, people buy gifts to ________.A. receive gifts in returnB. enjoy the feeling of shoppingC. help recipients to save moneyD. better relationships with recipients6. What can we learn from the passage?A. People’s high living standards require expensive gifts.B. Gift-givers buy gifts based on their experiences as recipients.C. Anthropologists think gift-giving meets different human needs.D. Recipients judge the depth of friendship according to the gift price.7. Why did the author write this article?A. To criticize people’s gift-buying habits.B. To analyze people’s gift-giving behaviors.C. To offer advice on how to improve relationships.D. To remind people not to overlook others’ preferences.CRemember when your mom told you not to eat too many candy bars or sweets because they can cause tooth decay (蛀牙)? However, it turns out that chocolate can be moresalutaryto your teeth than you might expect. Recent studies show that chocolate can effectively fight against tooth decay, as if we need another excuse to eat chocolate.Chocolate offers protection like fluoride, a main ingredient in most household toothpastes. Not only does chocolate protect our teeth, but it can do so very effectively. Studies show that chocolate has compounds that provide strong protection for teeth. One of the compounds in chocolate, CBH, is shown to protect even more effectively than fluoride.Tooth decay happens when bacteria work to turn sugar into acids in our mouth. This is why eating foods with high sugar content can lead to more tooth decay. The compounds in chocolate, however, are anti-bacteria and can fight against bacteria in your mouth. The CBH compound in particular also works to strengthen tooth enamel (牙釉质), andprotects against tooth decay.Does this mean you can cat as much chocolate as you want without worrying about your teeth? It depends on the types of chocolate that you like. The protective effect of chocolate is most effective when you chew on cocoa beans. Of course, this option is not very appealing to; most people. A more tasty option is to choose dark chocolate with little sugar content, ideally no more than 6 to 8 grams per serving. For other types of chocolate with higher sugar content, the effect will be lessened. However, because of the protective compounds, it is still better for your teeth than other sweets and desserts containing the same amount of sugar.8. The word “salutary” in paragraph 1 means?A. Beneficial.B. Harmful.C. Familiar.D. Useless.9. What can we know about the compound CBH in chocolate?A. It can help chocolate cure tooth decay.B. It can effectively stop teeth from decaying.C. It may protect teeth better than toothpastes do.D. It may soon replace most household toothpastes.10. How does chocolate fight tooth decay?A. By breaking down acids.B. By building up compounds.C. By fixing up tooth enamel.D. By fighting against bacteria.11. What's the main idea of the text?A. Chocolate plays the role of toothpaste.B. Chocolate protects against tooth decay.C. Chocolate is the best choice for teeth protection.D. Chocolate is healthier to teeth than other sweets.DI’ve never been the kind of person to say, “it’s the thought that counts” when it comes to gifts. That was until a couple of weeks ago, when my kids gave me a present thatblew me away.For years now, I’ve been wanting to sell our home, the place where my husband and I raised our kids. But to me, this house is much more than just a building.In the front room, there’s a wall that has hundreds of pencil lines, marking the progress of my children’s growth. Every growth stage is marked in grey, with each child’s name and the date they were measured. Of all the objects and all the memories, it’s this one thing in a home that’s the hardest to leave behind. Friends I know have returned home after work only to discover their wall of heights has been freshly painted over. A new paint job wouldn’t normally be greeted by tears, but erasing that evidence of motherhood hurts more than it should. Our kids grow in so many ways, but the wall is physical evidence of their progress, right there for everyone to see. Over the years, I’ve talked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behind when I moved, even though the last marks were made 10 years ago when my kids stopped growing.So one day, while I was at work, my childrendecided to do something about it.They hired Jacquie Manning, a professional photographer whose work is about capturing (捕捉) the beautiful things in life, from clear lakes and skies to diamonds and ballgowns (舞会礼服).She came to our house while I was at work, and over several hours, took photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines, little grey fingerprints (手印), and old marks. Somehow, she managed to photograph all those years of memories perfectly. Afterwards, she put all the photos together into one image, transforming them into a beautiful history of my family.Three weeks later, my children’s wonderful gift made its way to me—a life-size photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.12. The underlined phrase in Para. I “blew me away” probably means “________”.A. attracted meB. surprised meC. accepted meD. refused me13. What does the house really mean to the author?A. A house.B. Buildings.C. An object.D. Memories.14. What surprised the friends I know after work?A. Finding the wall repainted.B. Erasing the fingerprints.C. Greeting them by tears.D. Leaving the wall unfinished.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Gift Made with LoveB. Buildings Made by ChildrenC. A Very Wonderful PaintingD. A Family History第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

高一英语月考试题（11月份）1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

试卷满分为150分，考试时间120分钟。

2.请将答案填写到答题卡上。

Ⅰ卷(选择题共100分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在答题卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有l0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a restaurant.B. In a hotel.C. In a store.2. What did the woman think they would do?A. See an exhibition.B. Have a meeting.C. Attend a lecture.3. What will the man probably do next?A. Go back to his work.B. Eat out for lunch.C. Pick up Jenny.4. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?A. Hotel manager and tourist.B. Professor and student.C. Salesman and customer.5. How much will the woman pay for one chair?A. $59.B. $62.C. $65.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在答题卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时问。

2019-2020学年上海市鲁迅中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThailand is a country with a long and rich history. It is also one of those countries which have many traditions which modern times fortunately have not affected. Thailand is famous for its unique culture. It is well worth noting that Thai culture hasbeen handed down from one generation to the next.Thai Classical DanceThe inspiring culture includes local music and wonderful Thai dances. The dances of course have something to do with its deep-rooted Buddhist religion, fighting arts and beautiful clothing. Thai classical dance performances are generally performed by gracious (高雅的) Thai ladies wearing beautiful Thai local costumes. Most resort (旅游胜地) areas and many hotels frequently offer these Thai culture dance shows for foreign visitors.Thai GreetingThe unique Thai gesture of greeting another person, the wai, is especiallyone of the great aspects of Thai culture. The wai is when a person joins both hands to either head or chest level while bending their head slightly towards his hands. This way of greeting is especially done when a younger person greets an older person and it indicates a sign of respect to their elders. Employees would also wai their managers even if the manager would be younger than themselves.BangkokBangkok is the culture center of Thailand and has been the Thai capital since the end of the eighteenth century. Observing Thai culture in Bangkok can be great experience as the combination of modern times and traditions have created a kind of unique atmosphere. Bangkok offers a package of Thai culture which is shown by numerous beautiful Buddhist temples and many examples of modern Thai architecture.Bangkok National MuseumAnother location in Bangkok where one can enjoy and see Thai culture is at the famed Bangkok national museum, which offers tourists an opportunity to view national treasures and unique Thai art pieces with its culture feature dating back as early as the late sixteenth century.1.Thai classical dance is related to ________.A.its living level and educationB.its history and architectural styleC.its customsD.its religious belief2.In Thailand a worker uses the gesture, the wai , to greet________.A.his close friend.B.a young stranger.C.his younger colleagues.D.his young boss.3.What make Thai culture in Bangkok so unique?A.The long history and fine weather of Bangkok.B.The mixture of the modern culture and traditions.C.A number of beautiful Thai Buddhist templesD.Many examples of modern Thai architecture.BToo much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn andeven reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs.A second study ,looking at nearly 1000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood.But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don't ride out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年轻人）may watch lots of TV.Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages5 and 15. These with college degrees had watch an averageof less than two hours of TV per week night during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2.5 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to increasing findings that children shouldn't have TVs in their bedrooms.4. According to the California study, the low-scoring group might _________.A. have had computers in their bedroomsB. not be interested in mathC. be unable to go to collegeD. have watched a lot of TV5. What is the researchers' understanding of the New Zealand study results?A. Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more TV.B. Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest.C. The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain.D. TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds.6. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A. TV sets shouldn't be allowed in children's bedrooms.B. Children should be forbidden from watching TV.C. More time should be spent on computers.D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done7. What would be the best title for this text?A. Computers or TelevisionB. Effects of Television on ChildrenC. Studies on TV and College EducationD. Television and Children's Learning HabitsCANew Zealandcouncil has announced a month-long road closure in order to allow a sea lion and her pup to reach the ocean safely.John Wilson Ocean Drive in Dunedin will be closed after the New Zealand sea lions made their home at a nearby golf course and started "regularly crossing the road to get to the beach," according to a Facebook post from Dunedin City Council."You can still visit the area on foot or by bicycle, but please give the sea lions lots of space," continued the post.Locals applauded the decision, and one even called for the closure to be made permanent."No dogs should be on the beach, either," wrote Gaylene Smith. "We need to protect our beautiful sea life."Dogs are known to attack sea lions, and Chisholm Links Golf Course, where the sea lions have made their home, also posted advice to dog walkers in a Facebook update."We're lucky to have sea lions on our coastline and we need to share the space with them,as this is what makes our coastline so unique!" wrote the course on Facebook.The council went on to explain thatNew Zealandsea lions are endangered, and are one of the world's rarest species of sea lion.There are an estimated 12,000New Zealandsea lions left, according to the Department of Conservation. Under local law, anyone who kills a sea lion could face up to two years in prison or a fine of up to NZ$250,000(US$178,000).8. What decision has the Dunedin City Council made?A. Closing an ocean drive for a month.B. Forbidding entry into a golf course.C. Forbidding walking dogs outside.D. Closing the nearby beach temporarily.9. How did the City Council announce the decision?A. By informing on TV.B. By sending out notices.C. By posting on Facebook.D. By advertising in a newspaper.10. What is the attitude of the local people toward the closure?A. Doubtful.B. Supportive.C. Uncaring.D. Critical.11. What can we learn aboutNew Zealandsea lions from the text?A. They are afraid of humans.B. They are a common species.C. They are being killed by dogs.D. They are under legal protection.DThe modern Olympics, which appeared in ancient Greece as many as 3,000 years ago, have become the world’s most important sporting competition. From the 8th century B. C. to the 4th century A. D., the the ancient Olympics were held every four years in Olympia in honor of the god Zeus. The first modern Olympics took place in1896 inAthens, and featured 280 participants from 13 nations, competing in 43 events. Since 1994, the Summer and Winter Olympic Games have been held separately every two years. The 2020 Summer Olympics, delayed one year because of the COVID-19, was held in Japan in 2021.The ancient Olympics were held every four years between August 6 and September 19 during a festival honoring Zeus. The Games were named for their location (位置) at Olympia, a place near the western coast in southern Greece. Their influence was so great that ancient historians began to measure time by the Olympic Games held every four years.After the Roman Empire conquered (征服) Greece in the mid-2nd century B.C., the Games continued, but their standards and quality dropped. For example from 67 A. D., the Emperor Nero entered an Olympic horse race, announcing himself the winner even after he fell off hishorse during the event. In 393 A. D., Emperor TheodosiusⅠended the ancient Olympic tradition.It was another 1,500 years before the Games rose again, largely thanks to the efforts of Baron Pierre deCoubertin (1863-1937) of France. Working hard at the development of physical education, the young man became inspired by the idea of creating a modern Olympic Games after visiting the ancient Olympic building. In November 1892, at a meeting of the Union des Sports Athlétiques in Paris, Coubertin suggested the idea of making the Olympics an international athletic competition held every four years. Two years later, he got the approval (批准) he needed to found the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ), which would become the governing body of the modern Olympic Games.12. What do we know about the modern Olympics?A. The modern Olympics became famous in the 18th century.B. The first Winter Olympics was held in 1994.C. The first modern Olympics dates back to 1896.D. The latest Winter Olympics will delay for two years.13. How often were the ancient Olympics held?A. Every year.B. Every other year.C. Every three years.D. Every four years.14. When did the ancient Olympics end?A. In 393 A. D.B. In 67 A. D.C. In the mid-2nd century B. C.D. About 1,500 years ago.15. What is the best title of the text?A. The ancient OlympicsB. The modern OlympicsC. The Olympics developed through yearsD. The Olympics are popular in modern time第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020年高一11月联考英语试题含答案一、听力（满分20分）第一节：（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Where does the man prefer to go?A. IrelandB. HawaiiC. Florida2.How does the man feel?A. HappyB. puzzledC. Surprised3.What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. ClassmatesB. Shop assistant and customerC. Doctor and patient4.Who was ill?A. SueB. BruceC. Jeff5.When will it be sunny?A. TuesdayB. WednesdayC. Saturday第二节：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）听下面几段材料。

每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段材料读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。

(现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题)6. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a bankB. In a tourist agencyC. In a post office7. How much should the man pay for the withdrawal（取钱）?A. 40 yuanB. 60 yuanC. 80 yuan8.What can we learn about the bank?A. It doesn’t offer a US dollar service.B. It only accepts Visa credit cards.C. Authorization (授权)is needed for withdrawals by credit cards.听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。

2019-2020学年上海市鲁迅中学高三英语月考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AYou might not expect it, but cows are a large source of the greenhouse gases that are driving climate change. Cows produce lots of methane by breaking down the grass, Now scientists have shown that the pollution from cows canbe reduced by adding a little seaweed to their food.Scientists first discovered that seaweed could help control methane from cows several years ago. But this work was done in a laboratory, there were many questions about whether the idea could work in real life.In the lab studies, the cows were given quite a bit of seaweed, and they would cause losing weight. That wasn't helpful, since cows are often sold by weight. It also wasn't clear if the seaweed would stop working if it was used for a longer period of time.Now, scientists from the University of California, Davis have answered several of these questions.The researchers studied 21 cows on a farm for about five months. They taught the cows to get their food from inside a special hood, which allowed the scientists to measure the methane that the cows were giving off. This time, they used a much smaller amount of seaweed, which they mixed with the cows' food.The results were surprisingly good. In some cases, the cows produced 82% less methane. The improvement depended on the kind of food the cows were given, but even the worst-polluting cows produced 33% less methane.Over the five months, the scientists didn't see any signs that the cows' stomachs were getting used to the seaweed and starting to produce more methane again.Another surprise came when they looked at the weight of the cows. The cows that were fed seaweed gained just as much weight as the other cows, but they didn't need as much food.But there are still some big problems with the idea of feeding cows seaweed. For one thing, there's notadequateseaweed to feed all of the cows in the world. So farmers would have to figure out a way to grow lots of seaweed.A bigger problem is that for most of their lives, cows live in fields, where they eat the grass. That means there's no chance to feed them seaweed every day. These problems need to be taken seriously if the world is going to avoid the worst effects of the climate crisis.Still, it's true that something as simple as feeding cows seaweed can help reduce some of the pollution causing the climate crisis.1. Why did the scientists do the experiment on the farm?A. To control the amount of seaweed.B. To record the weight cows gained.C. To confirm the effect of seaweed in real life.D. To measure the amount of seaweed cows ale.2. The underlined word “adequate” means ________ .A. commonB. specialC. lackingD. enough3. The passage is written to ________ .A. appeal to people not to raise the cowsB. encourage people to plant the seaweedC. remind people of controlling cows' weightD. call on people to take actions to reduce the pollutionBAs a 51-year-old first-aid responder since 1984, Jeffrey never knows what type of situation he might walk into, or who he'll meet along the wayTen years into the job, Jeffrey received a call that reported that a man in his early 30s had fallen down in the Mall of America. When Jeffrey and his partner arrived at the scene, they found the young male face down on the ground. He had gone unconscious, making weak attempts to breathe. His wife stood beside him holding their small son in horror. They quickly rushed to calm the man to keep him under control and offer necessary first aid. After Jeffrey dropped the patient off at the neighboring hospital, he thought about the man and his family for a long time.Jeffrey thought he had experienced everything under the sun until one random visit to Office Max three years ago, where he met a man repeatedly walking back and forth while staring at him. As it turned out, the man was the patient he had saved 20 years earlier."You gave me 20 years more than I ever thought I'd have," the man said. He thanked Jeffrey repeatedly and told him he had someone he wanted him to meet. He stepped around the corner and reappeared with a 20-something-year-old man. Jeffrey instantly knew that it was the son he had seen standing by his mother all those years ago"That day changed my life," Jeffrey said. "Before that, everything was about work…When I talk to my beginner-training class, I tell them you never know the effect you can have on someone's life."4. What did Jeffrey do with the young man?A. He cured the man at the scene.B. He took care of the man's wife and son.C. He only sent the man to hospital.D. He did what was needed5. What did Jeffrey think of the encounter with the man at Office Max?A. It was a common routine.B. It was troublesomeC. It was unbelievableD. It was a dangerous situation.6. Why was the man thankful to Jeffrey?A. Jeffrey helped bring up his little sonB. Jeffrey donated to support his family.C. Jeffrey's help gave him the present happy life.D. Jeffrey's kindness taught his son to be a new doctor.7. How did the meeting change Jeffrey's life?A. He was rewarded with much moneyB. He changed his attitude to his job.C. He got a promotion to be a team leader.D. He took up teaching work to train newcomers.CThe English language is changing, and you are responsible! Whether we consider changes in grammar, spelling, pronunciation, or the very vocabulary of the language, you have played your part and continue to do so.When we first learned basic grammar and spelling, perhaps in elementary school, we might have gotten the impression that these things were sacred. The rules that apply to such things might have been presented as unchanging and unchangeable. While this way might be helpful for teaching children, it is far from accurate.The English language, like many others, is a living, growing, ever-evolving thing. Like it or not, you are involved in this change. These changes take many forms. Grammar and spelling have changed greatly over the years and centuries, with the spelling differences in different countries today a reflection of this. While the language of a thousand years ago might be called English, most of us would hardly recognize it today as the same language.The first involves changes in the pronunciation of words. Many are familiar with the differences between the British and American ways of pronouncing certain words. In addition to these differences, the pronunciation of many words has changed over the years because of how you have decided to pronounce them. For example, consider the word "err." The traditional pronunciation of this word rhymes with the word "her." Older dictionariesshow this to be the primary or only pronunciation. However, in recent years, more and more people have been pronouncing it so that it sounds like "air." Another change in the language involves the addition and removal of words. The makers of dictionaries decide which words deserve to be officially adopted as part of the English language. Through the centuries, many words have come from other languages. In fact, English has probably done this more than any other language in the world, which is why spelling and pronunciation rules for English have so many exceptions.Of course, many slang words have been just short-lived fashions that have died out quickly. Others, though, have been adopted by mainstream society and become respectable, as have many technical terms. So then remember, the next time you repeat the newest expression to hit the street, or make up your own words, you may be contributing to the future of the English language.8. When we begin to learn English, we think _________.A. it is interesting to pick up a new languageB. English rules are wrongly presented in factC. grammar and spelling rules are unchangeableD. only adults have the ability to affect a language9. From paragraph 3 we can know that_________.A. we can change the English languageB. many languages are changing over yearsC. English has changed little in the past 1,000 yearsD. there were main changes in grammar and pronunciation10. Why is the pronunciation of words changing?A. people speak in different waysB. people have adopted foreign wordsC. it has been affected by American EnglishD. makers of dictionaries often change them11. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Foreign words involved in English.B. The British speaks differently from Americans.C. English language is changing over years.D. You can change the English language.DEach year, the women of Olney and Liberal compete in an unusual footrace. Dressed in aprons (围裙) and headscarves, they wait at both towns’starting lines. Each woman holds a frying pan with one pancake inside. At the signal, the women flip (轻抛) pancakes and they’re off!This “pancake racing” tradition is said to have started on Shrove Tuesday, 1445, in Olney. Shrove Tuesday is the day beforethe Christian season of Lent (大斋戒) begins. During Lent, many people decide to give up sugary orfatty foods.Legend says that in 1445, an Olney woman was making pancakes to use up some of her sugar and cooking fats before Lent. She lost track of time and suddenly heard the church bells ring, signaling the beginning of the Shrove Tuesday service. Realizing that she was going to be late for church, she raced out the door still wearing her apron and headscarf and holding her frying pan with a pancake in it. In the following years, the woman’s neighbors imitated her dash to church, and pancake racing was born.The rules are simple. Racers must wear the traditional headscarf and apron. They must flip their pancakes twice - once before starting and once after crossing the finish line. After the race, there are Shrove Tuesday church services. Then Liberal and Olney connect through a video call to compare race times and declare a winner.In both towns, the races have grown into larger festivals. Olney’s festival is an all-day event starting with a big pancake breakfast. Liberal’s festival lasts four days and includes a parade, a talent show, and contests that feature eating and flipping pancakes. Although the women’s race is still the main event, both towns now hold additional races for boys and girls of all ages.12. How did pancake racing start?A. A woman in Olney created it.B. Women made pancakes before Lent.C. A woman dashed to church with a pancake.D. People followed the suit of an interesting incident.13. What should racers obey during the race?A. They can wear fashionable headscarves and aprons.B. They must flip their pancakes once in the race.C. They must flip their pancakes at the beginning of the race.D. They can flip their pancakes in the middle of the race.14. What can we learn about the race from the last paragraph?A. People can show their talent in Olney festival.B. People can enjoy a one-day holiday in Liberal.C. The race is not only intended for women now.D. People can have a big pancake breakfast in both towns.15. What is the text mainly about?A. The origin of pancake racing.B. The history of pancake racing.C. The development of pancake racing.D. The introduction to pancake racing.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

高三英语练习九2019.11.19 I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard1. A. She's weighing the man's luggage B. She's checking the man's luggageC. She's browsing the man's books.D. She's searching the man's trunk2. A. She's spoilt her appetite B. She is not feeling well.C. She is very hungry.D. She has eaten too much3. A. He wants to have his car repaired B. He wants to find the nearest car-parkC. He wants to hireD. He wants to look round in a taxi.4. A. At a butcher shop. B. In a McDonalds.C. In a grocery.D. At a buffet.5. A. Young lovers B. Bride and bridegroomC. A married coupe.D. Divorced parents6. A. His jacket doesn't match his pantsB. He is wearing a dark jacket.C. His jacket doesn't fit him wellD. He has gone to work in a jacket7. A. The critic has a very funny comment on the musicalB. The woman agrees with the man's opinion of the musicalC. The woman has a very positive comment on the musicalD. The man and the woman differ in their opinion of the musical8. A. He no longer buys souvenirs like toys for his childrenB. He doesn't send cards to his children as he did beforeC. He still sends cards to all his children except Tod.D. Toys are still his children's favorites though they are grown up9. A. The book reports can be handed in after November 13.B. November 13 is the deadline for handing in the book reports.C. The book reports can be handed in any time they are finishedD. November 13 is the date when the book reports are handed in10. A. He became the club champion though his leg muscles tightenedB. He lost to the club champion because his leg muscles badly hurtC. He failed to win the club championship for his leg muscle painD. He had to quit the match because of sudden pain in his leg muscles.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 20 hours B. 22 hours C. 24 hours D. 18 hours12. A. People can live in New York's most attractive residential area.B. It serves as a transport system from Roosevelt to Manhattan.C. Roosevelt Islanders now can have a view of Manhattans skylinesD. The cable car has created more jobs for Roosevelt Islanders13. A. It ferries just across the East River every 15 minutesB. It carries Roosevelt Islanders to Manhattan every 15 minutesC. It ferries to and fro between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan.D. It operates only in moming and evening rush hours.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage14. A. It can identify different flowers through its built-in sensorsB. It can record various smells digitally and reproduce thenC. It can make sweet smells by mixing flowers with vapourD. It can create smells and give them off to any scenes.15. A. It helps shoppers locate the right brand of perfumeB. It helps shoppers check out the perfumes before they buyC. It helps make sure that perfumes are truly genuineD. It can recommend right perfumes to shoppers16. A. The device is made small enough to be easily carried.B. The device is sensitive to any smell the human nose can detectC. Smells are programmed to accompany movie scenes.D. The device has recreated the smells of fish and gasoline.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Men's good manners on public occasions.B. Traditional views of married lifeC. The equality of husband and wifeD. The dictionary definition of equality18. A. Sharing housework B. Keeping houseC. Earning money.D. Waiting on husband.19. A. A woman should support her family financially after marriageB. Women should be treated politely on all social occasionsC. Men should have more household responsibilities than womenD. Men should treat women like babies in their family life20. A. Men should observe the rule of lady first strictlyB. Husband and wife should pay their own way.C. Man's and woman's roles are different in a family.D. Husband should treat his wife like a good friend.Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the thanks with given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.There seems never (21) ((be)a civilization without toys, but when and how theydeveloped is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do In the ancient world, as is today, most boys (22) (play)with some kinds of toys and most girls with others. In societies (23) social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls (24) (prepare), even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.(25) is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly (26) craftsmanship, mechanics, and technologyIt is the universality (普遍性) of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present (27) is amazing. In Egypt, America, China, Japan and among the Arctic (ti8)people, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life(28) toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animas and vehiclesBecause toys (29) be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the cart to the automobile is a direct line of ways up. The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3, 000 BC to(30) used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness (独创性). Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials。

2019-2020学年上海市鲁迅中学高三英语模拟试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour Truly Unique Canadian Camping ExperiencesMount Robson Provincial Park,British ColumbiaNamed after the highest mountain in the Canadian Rockies, this park gives you breathtaking views of mountain landscapes along with lakes, waterfalls, canyons, and caves. The Berg Lake campground is located right at the northern base of the 3, 954-meter peak (山巅), which is about a day's hike in.Fundy National Park,New BrunswickIf you've grown tired of the tent or RV, this park is one of the few national parks offering yurt (蒙古包) rentals. Make sure you visit theBay of Fundywhere the world's highest tides make for some great surfing. You also can't miss the amazing Acadian forest waterfall. If you're looking for even more entertainment, the park also hostsmusic and cultural festivals each summer and has its own golf course.KluaneNational Parkand ReserveYukonFrom May to September, theKathleenLakecampground sees visitors come from far and wide to camp, hike and fish. Mountaineering is especially popular as Kluane is home to 17 of Canada's 20 highest peaks. Flightseeing over the park's glaciers and rafting (漂流) the winding Alsek River will also keep you out enjoying the wilderness.Prince Edward Island National Park,Prince Edward IslandIf you're looking for a family-friendly park, this one is wonderful. Between the seven beaches and more than 50 kilometersof hiking and cycling trails, you'll certainly be kept busy. Literature lovers, you can see what inspired L.M. Montgomery'sAnne of Green Gables at the nearby Green Gables Heritage Place and even explore the original house.1. Where is the park offering yurt rentals located?A. InBritish Columbia.B. InNew Brunswick.C. InYukon.D. InPrince Edward Island.2. What can you do inKluaneNational Parkand Reserve?A. Climb the highest mountain inCanada.B. Experience the highest tides.C. Raft the windingAlsekRiver.D. Attend music and cultural festivals.3. Which will you choose if you are a fan of Anne of Green Gables?A.Mount RobsonProvincialPark.B. Fundy National Park.C.KluaneNational Parkand Reserve.D.Prince Edward IslandNational Park.BBack about 20 months ago I started college and just struggled with everything, such as classes and friends. I quickly became depressed and angry at myself for not being about to do better in school, in addition to lack of friends due to poor social and communication skills.This went on for months until my 19th birthday. My parents sent me a cake, which was a great cake. But I remember having this large cake and ly no one to share it with. I ended throwing out the cake after having one piece, with about 90 % of it leftover. That night I was depressed that I decided to go outside to the freezing temperature of the winter and run. I put my earphones in, went outside and ran about 2 miles at 11 p.m. on my birthday.When I got back inside I was content. I was proud of what I was able to do. The next night I did the same. I wasn’t quick or fit but you know that I went outside and did something. This continued for about 2 months until I finally worked up the courage to go to the gym, where I started swimming again as I used to in high school. A month went by and I started lifting weights and continually running.Looking back I can see that exercise helped cure my depression but it didn’t only do that. At the gym I met new friends and back at my dorm I grew confidence to go to the end of the hall seeing people playing Super Smash Brothers and ask if I could join.So go forward to present now. I exercise every day and look forward to that hour and a half I get daily to do what I love with people who love it as well. I hope this helps someone who may be or have been in a similar situation.4. What made the author decide to run at night?A. His l9th birthday.B. His parents’ cake.C. His loneliness.D. His friends.5. Which of the following best describes the author?A. Traditional.B. Determined.C. Humorous.D. Generous.6. What is the biggest benefit of the author’s running?A. Regaining his confidence.B. Losing his weight.C. Playing with his brothers.D. Joining other activities.7. Why do you think the author wrote this passage?A. To recall his life in college.B. To show his gratitude to his parents.C. To emphasize the importance of friendship.D. To share his experience of dealing with hardship.COne day about eight years ago in the departure lounge (休息室) of a flight from New York's LaGuardia airport to O'Hare in Chicago, I found a young boy in tears and his mother at his side also appeared upset, I walked to them and invited them to our VIP lounge.As it turned out, the boy, Miles and his mom were returning to their home in Kansas City. Miles has had some health problems. Though he had received more than thirty operations in a Jewish Hospital in New York, he would be back for more.Miles enjoyed spending his time in our VIP lounge looking at the entire wall filled with the pictures of many celebrities (名人) who often came to our office. We soon added Miles' picture to the wall among those celebrities.Among the celebrities, Miles like the country singer Garth Brooks best. Miles would just sit and stare at Garth's picture,Oneday, Mr. Brooks was waiting in the lounge for his flight. As he looked at the collection of photographs, Garth asked about the youngster with the big smile. We told him about Miles. We also told him how much Miles loved and respected (尊重) him. He nodded and left.About six months later, Garth was going to be performing in Kansas City and he asked our workers to help him get in touch with the family. He wanted Miles to be his guest. That evening, not only did Miles sit in the front row, but he and Garth also had a private meeting after the performance.Although Miles would receive many more treatments after that special evening, his smile greeted us with every following visit. The face of a sick boy was changed by the joy of a stranger.8. What does the author probably do?A. A worker at an airport.B. A killed photographer.C. A country music singer.D. A doctor in a Jewish hospital.9. What did Miles enjoy doing in the VIP lounge?A. Interviewing celebrities he saw there.B. Seeing pictures of celebrities on the wall.C. Drawing pictures of the celebrities there.D. Singing together with his favorite singer.10. Which words can best describe Garth Brooks?A. Determined and generous.B. Proud and selfish.C. Kind and helpful.D. Powerful and rich.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Importance of Good ServiceB. Kindness from StrangersC. A Serious Health ProblemD. A Helpless MotherDAsk a classroom of children to draw a scientist, and you’ll see plenty of color1 ed lab coats and glasses. The image (画像) hasn't changed much since the 1960s, but the person wearing the lab coat is changing.A new analysis finds that more female scientists have appeared in kids? drawings in recent decades — going from nearly nonexistent in the 1960s to about a third in 2016.The first of many “ draw-a-scientist ’’ studies asked nearly 5,000 children to draw a scientist between 1966 and 1977. Of those 5,000 drawings, only 28 drew female scientists. That was just 0.56 percent. Today, female scientists are being presented more in the media. For example, in a content analysis, 13 percent of people pictured in science feature stories of the 1960s were women or girls, compared with 44 percent in the 2000s. “That might really affect children’s idea on what a scientist should be like, ” says Miller, a Ph. D. candidate in psychology.To look for changes in children'sperceptionover time, the researchers conducted a meta-analysis ,combining data from 78 studies that included a total of more than 20,000 children from kindergarten to the 12th grade.On average, 28 percent of children drew female scientists in studies conducted from 1965 to 2016.What hasn’t changed much: kids pick up stereotypes (模式化观念）by gender (性别）as they grow up. At age 6, about 70 percent of the girls in the more recent studiesdrew female scientists. By age 16, 75 percent drew male scientists. This is an important period in which kids are learning stereotypes. It’s important that teachers and parents present diverse examples of both male and female scientists.12. What’s the picture of scientists drawn by a 1960s, kid like?A. A man with long curly hair.B. A woman with lab glasses.C. A woman in a formal lab suit.D. A man in a color1 ed lab coat.13. What may contribute to the changes in kids’ drawings?A. The improvement of women^ social status.B. The kids are affected by teachers and parents.C. More female scientists appear in the media.D. The increasing number of female scientists.14. What does the underlined word “ perception” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?A. Belief.B. Idea.C. Habit.D. Growth.15. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .A. it's a stereotype that scientists are generally malesB. girls are more influenced by stereotypes than boysC. some children are born with certain stereotypesD. most children tend to prefer female scientists第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市鲁迅高级中学高三英语期中考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThere are different types of money-saving apps, such as JD Finance, Yu’E Bao, Ant Financial, and all of them work in different ways. Here are 3 of the best apps that can help you save much money.Capital One ShoppingCapital One Shopping can compare prices automatically as you shop online. As you add items to your cart at an online seller, this app will search the web for better deals and coupon codes(优惠码). You can follow the links to other sellers offering a better price and use the available codes tosave. You can even use this app while shopping at physical shops.ParibusThere’s nothing more upsetting than buying something and then seeing it for sale at a lower price a few days later. Wouldn’t it be nice to get that money back? Now you can. Paribus helps you get money back by tracking your purchases from major stores and discussing refunds. It also helps you get compensated (补偿) for late deliveries and makes sure you don’t leave it too late to return anything you bought.DigitIf you can’t figure out how much you can afford to save, Digit will analyze your spending habits and spare a certain amount to your savings. If the appknows you have spare money to save, then it will be moved automatically, and if you don’t, it will stop, so there’s no risk of being left with no cash for the basics. You can sign up for a free trial for a month, and after that, the monthly service charge is $5.1. If you want your money back, what app will you choose?A. Digit.B. Paribus.C. Yu’E Bao.D. Capital One Shopping.2. What can you do by using Digit?A. Offer the most favorable price.B. Track detailed information of goods.C. Analyze spending habits to save money.D. Compare prices of products while shopping.3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To introduce useful apps for saving money.B. To advertise various products online.C. To improve the power of spending.D. To help to manage spare money.BScientists say baby sharks are at risk of being born smaller and without the energy they need to survive because of warming oceans from climate change.Scientists studied epaulette sharks, which live off Australia and New Guinea. They found that warmer conditions sped up the sharks’ growing process. That meant the sharks were born earlier and very tired. The findings could be used in the study of other sharks, including those that give birth to live young.The scientists studied 27 sharks. Some were raised in average summer water temperatures, about 27 degrees Celsius. Others were raised in higher temperatures around 29 degrees Celsius and 31 degrees Celsius. They found that the sharks raised in the warmest temperatures weighed much less than those raised in average temperatures. They also showed reduced energy levels.Epaulette sharks can grow to a length of about one meter. Their name comes from large spots on their bodies that look like decorations on some military clothing.One study this year found that worldwide numbers of oceanie sharks and rays dropped more than 70 percent between 1970 and 2018. Overfishing is a main concern, while climate change and pollution also threaten shark.Carolyn Wheeler is a doctoral student at the University of Massachusetts Boston and with the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies at James Cook University in Australia. She was the lead author of the epaulette shark study. She said that while all the sharks survived, those raised in warmer temperatures were not strong enough to survive for long in the wild.She added that if the sharks are born smaller than usual “they are probably going to have to start looking for food sooner—and they’re going to have less time to adjust to their surroundings.” The study should serve as a warning to ocean governing agencies that careful management is needed to prevent the loss of more sharks.4. In what aspect do the warmer conditions affect the baby sharks?A. Their food.B. Their body weight.C. Their living habits.D. Their moving route.5. How did the scientists carry out their study?A. By studying former data.B. By tracking sharks in the wild.C. By collecting information about climate change.D. By comparing sharks in waters of different temperatures6. What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about?A. The origin of sharks’ names.B. The sharks’ appearance.C. The threats to sharks’ survival.D. The sharks’ living environment.7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Scientists Raise Sharks to Deal with ProblemsB. Global Warming Has Reduced Shark PopulationsC. Baby Sharks Struggle to Survive in Warming OceansD. Scientists Are Struggling to Save Sharks from ExtinctionCMedha Gupta sometimes felt worried about making the 20-minute walk from the corner where the school bus dropped her off to her home in Herndon -especially during the colder months in winter.Her mother, Divya Gupta had a suggestion: write an app. Shewas half-kidding,but Medha didn't take the challenge lightly. So she set out to work.The result was Safe Travel, an app designed by Medha to help walkers feel more secure when travelling alone. Using the iPhone, a person can program it to send a warning to someone he or she trusts if he or she fails to arrive at a destination within a certain time.It was the first iOS app that Medha had created. While she didn't think much would come from the project, her effort caught the eye of judges for the annual Congressional App. Challenge, who selected her as the winner for Virginia's 10th District.The App Challenge is designed to encourage students to consider careers in science, technology, engineering, and math by experimenting with coding and computer science. Winning students are invited lo attend a reception on Capitol Hill in April and also received $250 in Amazon Web Service credits.Medha said it took her about 40 hours to design, program and test the app. As for her next app? Medha's not certain. She temporarily has her app-development ambitionson holdbecause she's busy teaching herself artificial intelligence to help deal with improper words on Facebook. Yes,she knows that there are teams of engineers probably doing the same thing. But she figures it can't hurt her own part, too.“If we see something wrong with the world, we should do something about it,” she said. “After all, the only one stopping us from doing something is ourselves. ”8. Why did Medha Gupta feel worried?A. It took a long time to walk home.B. It was difficult to write an app.C. It was colder than ever in winter.D. It was unsafe to walk home alone.9. What is Medha's attitude to her mother's challenge?A. Serious.B. Casual.C. Uncertain.D. Indifferent.10. What does the underlined phrase “on hold” in Paragraph 6 mean?A. Developed.B. Delayed.C. Achieved.D. Satisfied.11. What's the main idea of the text?A. Medha signed up for the App Challenge.B. Medha designed Safe Travel successfully.C. An app Safe Travel guides walkers home.D. The App Challenge directs students to choose careers.DWe touch our faces all the time, and it had never seemed to be a big problem—until COVID-19 arrived. Touching our faces—the "T-zone" of our eyes, nose and mouth in particular—can mean giving ourselves the deadly virus.This is why organizations like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have suggested that we avoid touching our faces. "Just stop this simple behavior," William Sawyer, founder of Henry the Hand, a nonprofit organization that promotes hand hygiene (卫生), told The Washington Post. "It's the one behavior that would be better than any vaccine (疫苗) ever created."Yet, stopping this "simple" behavior might be harder than you think because it's already hardwired (固定存在于) into our system.Some face touchingis an automatic reflex (反射) —like when there is an itch (痒) on your nose, you'll scratch (挠) it without thinking. According to CNBC, a 2014 study found that touching your face also helps to reduce stress and regulate emotions. For example, you're more likely to do it when you feel awkward or embarrassed. According to Dacher Keltner, a psychologist at the University of California Berkeley, US, this action may also come with a social function: When you are talking to someone and want to change the subject, for example, touching your face is like "the curtains on a stage, closing up one act of the social drama, ushering (引导) in the next," Keltner told the BBC.Moreover, face-touching in almost all of these occasions is subconscious, which means it's very hard to change "because you don't even know you're doing it", said Sawyer. But you're not alone. In a 2015 study, wherea group of medical students were filmed in class, it was found that they touched their faces an average of 23 times an hour—with 44 percent of the touches being in the "T-zones". That was particularly surprising since medical students were supposed to know better.Since it's so hard to shake the habit, maybe the easiest way is to wash our hands more often. This way, we can be sure that our hands are free from the novel coronavirus.12. What do the first two paragraphs talk about?A. The best way to fight COVID-19B. How organizations are fighting COVID-19.C. Typical hand hygiene problems in the fight against COVID-19.D. The necessity to avoid touching our faces to fight COVID-19.13. Why is it hard for people to stop touching their faces?A. It makes people feel more confident.B. Many are unaware of this behavior's risks.C. They usually do it automatically and subconsciouslyD. Many think the action helps them express their emotions.14. Which of the following is a social function of touching faces, according to the text?A. Using it as a sign to change the topicB. Bringing a conversation to an end.C. Showing an interest in the ongoing subject.D. Making others feel relaxed while talking.15. What is the author's purpose in mentioning a 2015 study on a group of medical students?A. To give tips on how to stop touching faces.B. To prove that it is common for people to touch their faces.C. To show it is impossible to shake the habit of touching your face.D. To show how hygiene awareness helps people avoid touching their faces.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市鲁迅高级中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThis online course is designed to provide you with work-ready skills including responding to job advertisements，writing application letters and resumes（简历）and developing inter-view skills．What topics will it cover?● The recruitment（招聘）and selection process● The job application● Planning for the interview● Developing interview skillsWhat will you achieve?By the end of the course，you'll be able to...● Assess the recruitment and selection process from an employer's point of view● Interpret an advertisement，job description and selection criteria correctly● Model a well-written job application● Plan for a job interviewWho is the course for?While this course appeals to trainees and graduates，it also applies to job seekersin the broader community looking to increasing their confidence and success rate when applying for work．Who develops the course?Central Queensland University．It is Australia's leading regional university．Our courses are designed alongside industry andmany include hands-on learning experiences and project-based learning．Our commitment to making real-world knowledge and skills accessible to all has seen us being awarded global recognition．1. What will students learn if they take the online course?A. The way to write a resume．B. The way to put an advertisement．C. The skills of talking with others．D. The skills of improving reading．2. Who is the online course intended for?A. Trainers．B. Interviewers．C. Job seekers．D. College students．3. Which ofthe following best describes the online course?A Cheap． B. Practical． C. Long-standing． D. World-class．BEvery racehorse has different abilities．Like humans，some are short- distance runners，while others are marathoners．Figuring out which is which and how to pace them can be the difference between failure in the finish and taking the award home．Jockeys（赛马骑师）and trainers have traditionally relied on centuries of experience and data from previous races to plan their races．Amandine Aftalion，a mathematician in Paris，thought she could add to that．Since 2013，she has been analyzing the performances of world champion runners like Usain Bolt．She has found that short-distance runners tend to win when they start strong and gradually slow down toward the finish line．Butin medium-distance races，runners perform better when they start strong，settle down，and finish with a burst of speed．Her model shows how those winning strategies maximize the energy output of muscles reliant on two different pathways：powerful aerobic（有氧的）ones that require oxygen，which can be in limited supply during a race，and anaerobic ones，which don't need oxygen but build up waste products that lead to tiredness．Aftalion wondered which strategy would be best for horses．So she and Quentin Mercier，anothermathematician，took advantage of a new GPS tracking tool inserted in French racing saddles（马鞍）．The two studied patterns in many races at the Chantilly racetracks north of Paris and developed a model that accounted for winning strategies for three different races：a short one(1，300 meters)，a medium one (1,900 meters)，and a slightly longer one (2,100 meters)，all with different starting points on the same track．The model takes into account not just different race distances，but also the size or friction fromthe track surface．The results might surprise jockeys who hold horses back early for bursts of energy in the last finish．Instead，a strong start leads to a better finish，the team found．“That doesn't mean those jockeys are wrong，though．If the start is too strong，it can bedevastatingas well，leaving the horse tired by the end，” Aftalion says．4. What should a runner do to get an award according to the text?A. Make a good start．B. Plan for the race early．C. Run slowly on the starting line．D. Try runningquickly all the time．5. What formed the basis for Aftalion's studying horse race?A The experience and data from previous horse races．B. The benefit of knowing horses' different abilities．C. The success in studying runners' winning strategies．D. The performance of horses on different race distances．6. What does the underlined word“devastating”in the last paragraph mean?A. Boring．B. Damaging．C. Astonishing．D. Puzling．7. What can we infer from the text?A. Runners have the same energy output of muscles．B. Aftalion's findings may help horses to win the race．C. What Jockeys and trainers do makes no sense to horses．D. World champion runners made a contribution to the study．CMy school appeared on the news last week because we had made an important change in our local area. Our class had planted a large garden in what was once only a vacant lot. It was a lot of work but it was all worth it. I got blisters(水泡) from digging, and we all got insect bites, too.I learned a lot about gardening and collaboration(合作), and then I learned about the media. Our teacher telephoned the TV station and informed them of what we had accomplished. She spoke with the producer. The producer checked with the directors, but they said there were plenty of stories similar to ours. They wanted to know what was special about our particular garden, since many schools plant them.The teacher explained that, after going on the Internet to learn about the prairie(大草原), we had made a prairie garden. We had gone to a prairie and gotten seeds from the plants, and then we planted them. We did not water the garden, but we did weed it. We decided to let nature water it with rain, since that was how prairies grew in the past. We sent a picture of the garden to the news station. In the picture, the grass was so high that it stood taller than the fourth grade students.As a result, the producer sent a reporter to our school. He interviewed the headmaster and asked him many questions about the garden. After that, they interviewed us, and we explained to them what we had learned through this project.That night, we watched the news, and there we were. The news reporter told our story. It was only two minutes long, but it was us. We were famous. All that work, all those blisters, it was worth it. We knewthatwhen we saw the garden every day, but now we knew that the whole city thought so, too.8. What seemed to be the TV directors’ initial reaction to the garden?A. They were excited.B. They were surprised.C. They were worried.D. They were uninterested.9. What is special about the garden?A. Weeds were allowed to spread naturally.B. The grass grew faster than common grass.C. The seeds came from the plants of a prairie.D. Underground water was used for the plants.10. What does the underlined word “that” refer to in the last paragraph?A. We got blisters on our hands.B. Our hard work was worthwhile.C. The garden would be famous.D. The project would be finished.11. How did the author feel about the project?A. Annoyed.B. Curious.C. Proud.D. Regretful.DWhat will future schools look like in 100 years? Imagine future schools in which students are totally engaged in a class. They are concentrating on working together to solve real-world problems. They are self-driven and are coming up withamazing ideas on the spot. They are concerned with each other’s well-being as part of a team. Their concerns reach far beyond the classroom to others all over the globe.The school of the future will be an amazing melting pot of different peoples coming together to solve real-world problems.Will they even be called “schools” in the future?The teacher-student relationship is changing. Teachers are acting more as helpers rather than keepers of all knowledge. Students are driving their own education to the path that they feel best fits them. In the future, employers may not be as concerned with a diploma. They’ll look more at cases and examples of how students contribute to solving real-world problems. They’ll want to know how well they work in a team.What will problem-solving look like in the future?Information from the Internet is accessible everywhere and at unimaginable speeds. Kids are connected to news around the world in real time. Imagine someone could put out a request to the global community to help solve an issue in their own community! Classes can adopt an issue and work with other classes around the worldin real time to create solutions.What will information look like in the future?It’s already everywhere. Users can get flooded by the constant flow of information. The need to understand what is true and what is not is important. The flipped classroom (翻转课堂) has already completely changed lecture-based lessons. It presents interesting content to students before they even come to class. They can access the Internet as many times as they want to review the lessons.12. What is the key message of the first paragraph?A. The things students will do in the future school.B. The situation where students will be in the future.C. The attention students will pay to in the classroom.D. The methods students will use to study in the classroom.13. What will be thought highly of when students solve real-world problems?A. Respect.B. Patience.C. Teamwork.D. Concern.14. What can we infer from the fourth paragraph?A. Teachers encourage students to develop leadership.B Students are really relaxed with their heavy study.C. The employers value students’ diplomas most.D. Students have the right to choose the most suitable lessons.15. What’s the purpose of the flipped classroom?A. To help students to improve the problem-solving ability.B. To provide the lessons for students to study before or after class.C. To help students to keep in contact with the outside world.D. To help students to understand the most difficult content.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市鲁迅高级中学高三英语期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AElectric Shocks Can Be FatalGovernment statistics recently showed that in theUK, more than 3,000 people a year experience electric shocks in their homes. A smaller number of people are killed after they touch the power lines outside their homes. Electric shocks can cause a person's heart or breath to stop and are potentially fatal. It is essential for people to learn basic techniques to deal with such emergencies.What to do?● If you are the first person to reach someone who has an electric shock, don't touch him or her!● If the victim is still holding the appliance that gives him or her the shock (e.g. a hair dryer), unplug it or turn off the power at its source.Under no circumstances can you try to move the appliance with your hands!● Ifyou can't turn off the power, use a piece of wood, like a broom handle or a chair, to separate the victim from the appliance or the power source. You may even be able to do this with a folded newspaper.● The victim must remain lying down. If he or she isunconscious, the victim should be placed on his or her side. But he or she should not be moved if there is a possibility of neck or spine injuries unless it is ly necessary.● It is essential to maintain the victim's body heat, so make sure you cover him or her with a blanket before you do anything else. If the victim is not breathing, apply mouth-to-mouth resuscitation (人工呼吸). Keep the victim's head low until professional help arrives.● If the electric shock has been caused by an external power line, the dangers to the victim and to anybody providing first aid are much greater.1. What kind of passage is it?A. An advertisement.B. A horror story.C. A news report.D. First aid emergency advice.2. The underlined sentence implies that ________.A. you should move the applianceB. you should pick up the appliance and turn off the electricityC. it is very dangerous to touch the appliance with your handsD. it is unnecessary to unplug the appliance with your hands3. When a person has got an electric shock, you should ________.A. separate the victim from the appliance and let him sit upB. keep the victim warm and help him or her breathe againC. move the victim onto his or her side if he or she has got neck injuriesD. keep the victim's head high until professional help arrivesBIt might have been Jimmy Kimmel, or any other sharp-tongued talk show hosts of late-night TV. In this instance, it was Samantha Bee, stating her opposition to childhood vaccinations humorously. “Who are you going to believe?” she asked. “Leading authorities on medical science, or 800 comments on your cousin’s Facebook page?”Joking about science can have serious effects, according to studies by communication scholars. Accordingly, since 2013, Paul, a psychological professor, has conducted studies of how satire (讥讽) can influence people’s beliefs about science, which have shown that if you want to interest people in science and shape their views on hot-button science issues, satirical humor can work better.Many Americans pay little attention to science. Even people who regularly watch TV news receive only scraps of science information in their media diet, because mainstream media outlets devote so little airtime to the subject. On top of that, some Americans may regard science as inaccessible.Yet satirical humor can reach viewers who would never watch NOVA or read — well, National Geographic. Millions of people watch late-night television programs live, and videos of these shows get millions of views on streaming services. In 2016, a vote conducted by the University of Delaware Center indicated that nearly one in 10 said they learned about science from late-night television shows.Late-night hosts may occasionally poke fun at scientists. More often, however, the hosts promote a positive image of science. By making science entertaining to audience with little knowledge of the topic, late-night television could spark science engagement. Furthermore, the researchers concluded that satirical shows had the biggest impact among the least educated viewers, thus helping to narrow a gap in attention to science. Though late-night satirical humor can boost science interest and awareness, it has its limits. Science is complex, and conveying that complexity in a few minutes while telling jokes can be a challenge.4. What does Paul’s studies of joking about science indicate?A. It may do serious damage to science.B. It can effectively popularize science.C. It totally changes people’s attitude to science.D. It will shift people’s attention from entertainment to science.5. Why do TV watchers receive a little science information?A. Because they enjoy watching entertainments.B. Because science is not easy to come up with.C. Because they find no interest in science issues.D. Because science is scarcely seen on mainstream media.6. What do we know about the late-night shows involving science?A. The hosts get used to playing tricks on scientists.B. The hosts’ aim is to build a positive image of science.C. Education gap can be bridged through late-night shows.D. Science participation can be promoted among their viewers.7. What’s the author’s attitude towards combining science with satire?A. Critical.B. Objective.C. Positive.D. Negative.CPlease take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet today what you’re going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high image of you. Doesn’t it feel good to say it out loud? Don’t you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it.Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it. Ideally, you would not be satisfied until you’d actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he acknowledges(认可) it, psychologists have found it’s called a “social reality”. The mind is kind of tricked into feeling that it’s already done. And then, because you’ve felt that satisfaction, you’re less motivated to do the actual hard work necessary. This goes againstthe traditional wisdom that we should tell our friends our goals, right?In 1982, Peter Gollwitzer, a Professor of Psychology, wrote a whole book about this. And in 2009, he did some new tests that were published. It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests—everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment(许诺) to this goal to the room, and half didn’t. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were toldthat they could stop at any time. Now those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.8. What do the words “social reality” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Completion of the goal.B. Necessary hard work.C. People's acknowledgement.D. A sense of satisfaction.9. What does Peter Gollwitzer try to tell us?A. Writing down the goal is very helpful.B. Achieving personal goal needs more time.C. Keeping the goal secret makes people work harder.D. Making the goal public makes people less satisfied.10. How did Peter Gollwitzer prove his idea about people’s goal?A. By giving figures.B. By giving examples.C. By making a survey.D. By making comparison tests.11. What will probably happen if you tell your friends your goal?A. You will be more confident.B. You will not gain satisfaction.C. You are less likely to realize it.D. You’ll be much moremotivated.DIn 1990, Hal Donaldson was 23 years old, fresh out of college and found himself in Calcutta, India, where he was asked to interview Mother Teresa.Donaldson says about the great woman famed for feeding the hungry, “She wasn't wearing shoes and her ankles were swollen. She sat down with me and was very polite.” After the interview, Mother Teresa asked him, “What are you doing to help the poor?” Donaldson admitted that he was young and wasn't focused on helping others. With a smile on her face, Mother Teresa said, “Everyone can do something.”Those words deeply struck Donaldson and forced him to face some hard truths about himself.Hal Donaldson grew up in the San Francisco Bay area. When he was 12 years old, his parents were hit by a drunk driver; his father died, and his mother was seriously injured. To make ends meet, they went on welfare. Donaldson says, “I had holes in my shoes and clothes. When you're teased at school for that, you just want to escape.”He managed to do just that. Donaldson got into college and turned his focus to making money for himself He says, “I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance. However, it's easy to overlook others along the way. I was the guy that would see a homeless person and cross the street, so I didn'thave to confront (面对) him. My focus was on climbing to the top instead of helping those trying to climb with me.”Donaldson returned home from India with a different thought. He traveled to eight cities in America and stayed on the streets and listened tostories of the homeless. “My heart broke,” he says. “I knew I could no longer just live for myself.”Inspired by Mother Teresa's words and the stories he'd heard across America. Donaldson loaded a pick-up truck with $300 worth of groceries and handed them out to anyone who needed help. In 1994, Donaldson created the nonprofit organization, Convoy for Hope, which works with communities across America and around the world. Their work focuses on feeding children, women's empowerment, helping farmers and disaster services.12. What did 23-year-old Hal Donaldson do in India?A. He attended an interview for a college.B. He fed the hungry with Mother Teresa.C. He interviewed Mother Teresa.D. He did something to help the poor.13. What can we learn about Hal Donaldson from paragraph 4?A. He was born with disability.B. He led a hard life as a child.C. He was well treated at school.D. He survived as a parentless boy.14. How does Hal Donaldson describe himself in college?A. Self-centered.B. Sympathetic.C. Popular.D. Casual.15. How did Hal Donaldson change after he returned home from India?A. He preferred traveling to volunteering.B. He suddenly fell in love with journalism.C. He turned his focus to living for himself.D. He gradually devoted himself to helping others.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市鲁迅中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThis is a list of places to spend the 2020 Olympics if you aren't going to Japan.AustraliaThe fact that the summer Olympics fall during Australia's winter season is worth keeping in mind for two reasons: it makes traveling there cheaper, and it's still not too cold. As far as the Olympics are concerned, there will be no shortage of opportunities to watch the Games in between your various explorations of the country and its limitless activities.ThailandThailand is a breathtaking place 10 spend some time during any summer, and provides a perfect setting for Olympie viewing: You can go scuba diving one morning before watching sports all afternoon, or simply duck out for world-famous street food in between events. But Thai sports fans may also be taking extra interest in the Olympics these days.United StatesThe U.S. is likely to be as interested in the Olympics as any other nation, given is collection of athletes who will be taking center stage. You can rest assured it won't be difficult to watch the Games no matter where you're visiting specifically. This leaves you with all sorts of fun options. You can visit a luxury ski resort town like Aspen, which turns into a gorgeous hiking destination in the summer.Great BritainNot unlike the U, s. Britain will make for a fun place to spend the 2020 Olympics because there's a great deal of national interest in a number of different sports, and the local athletes are expected to be competitive. Summer can also be a good time to be in Britain in general," with ly mild temperatures allowing for full exploration of the country. That means you can stay in the beautiful Lake District if you like, hiking or kayaking when you're not watching the Games.1.What is special about Australia as a destination in an Olympic summer?A.Its season.B.Its activities.C.Its sports.D.Its scenery,2.Which country can you go to if you are a street food lover?A.Australia.B.Thailand.C.United States.D.Great Britain.3.What do the U. S. and Britain have in common as fun places to spend the 2020 Olympics?A.They both have a pleasant temperature.B.They are both interested in the Games.CThey both own lots of sports centers. D.They are both English-speaking countries.BIf you travel inAthens, against popular belief, I would highly recommend saving the Acropolis for your secondday. As attractive as it is to head straight to the most famous building in the city, there are several reasons why you should hold off until later.Sunriseis the best time to see the ruins, and who wants to spend their first day in anew citywaking up at6 a.m.? On top of that, the Acropolis is going to make every other site inAthensless important in comparison, so I recommend not hitting it on your first day.We got to the southeast gate at 7：30, half an hour before it opened at 8. When the gate opened, we rushed to the hill. Our plan paid off because we had the whole complex to ourselves for five minutes. In this age of overtourism, getting to the greatness of the Acropolis with nobody else around felt special and excited.The Acropolis is the name given to the complex on top of the hill, and it’s made up of several buildings. There’s theTempleofAthena Nike, the Parthenon, the Old Temple of Athena, the Legendary Olive Tree of the Pandroseion, the Porch of the Caryatids at the Erechtheion... and on your way down, the Odeon of Herodes Atticus.Something that sounds boring but isn’t is theAcropolisMuseum, and I recommend spending a couple of hours there. As someone who is a museum-avoider, I listened to the recommendations of everyone who had been, and made myself go inside. And I loved it. The museum houses tons of sculptures unearthed from the Acropolis, and it was interesting to check them out.Head toSyntagma Squarenext to watch the changing of the guard. This takes place every hour on the hour, so try to time your visit perfectly. The guards wear fun clothes and make for interesting photos.4. The author suggests visiting the Acropolis on the second day so that ___________.A. it can save visitors a lot of timeB. it can save visitors from getting up earlyC. it can make for a better travel experienceD. it can give visitors a better understanding ofAthens5. How did the author feel when he ran to the top of the hill?A. Bored.B. Worried.C. Relaxed.D. Amazed.6. With what may the author agree about theAcropolisMuseum?A. It is so great that it should be visited last.B. It is enjoyable and worth visiting.C. It wastes a lot of time.D. It should be avoided.7. What is the purpose of the text?A. To provide some advice on visiting the Acropolis.B. To introduce the history of the Acropolis.C. To call on people to protect historic sites.D. To encourage people to travel around.CThe United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) included on December 17, 2020 China's Tai Chi on the RepresentativeList of the Intangible（无形的）Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The decision was announced during the online meeting of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage held from December 14 to19 inKingston, capital ofJamaica.“Born in the mid-17th century in a small village named Chenjiagou located in Central China's Henan province, Tai Chi is not only a kind of traditional Wushu integrated with slow movements and deep breathing, but is also deeply rooted in many areas of Chinese culture, such as medicine and philosophy,”Zhu Xianghua says, who is the son of the famous Tai Chi master Zhu Tiancai.Although it has spread to more than 150 countries and regions, attracting more than 100 million people to practice, the idea that Tai Chi is for the elderly has stopped many young people practicing the ancient Wushu. They think of it as a slow exercise, which is specially made and better suited for their grandparents. Instead, many young people are turning to the Indian practice of yoga（瑜伽）to relieve stress, which was placed on the UNESCO's List in 2019.In order to promote Tai Chi, joint efforts have been made from individuals and the Chinese government in the last decades. Xi'an Jiaotong University requires students to learn Tai Chi. Wang Yunbing, a professor in the university's sports center, stressed that Tai Chi is not only good physical exercise-researchers from the American College of Rheumatology find that it can help manage several diseases but is also conned ted to ancient Chinese eivilization. Since 2014, the World Tai Chi Championships have been held every two years by the International Wushu Federation. It provides a platform for communication and learning between the Tai Chi masters and Tai Chilovers around the globe. In January 2020, Tai Chi became an official event in the 2026 Dakar Youth Olympic Games.8. What does Zhu Xianghua say about Tai Chi in paragraph 2?A. It originated from fast Kung Fu action.B. It was born around the 1750s in a village.C. It is related to other cultural fields ofChina.D. It integrates Chinese medicine and western philosophy.9. Why do some young people choose to practice yoga instead of Tai Chi?A. They think it easier to practice yoga to keep fit.B. The elderly stop young people practicing Tai Chi.C. They consider Tai Chi is custom-built for old people.D. Yoga was included in the world culture earlier than Tai Chi.10. What is the main purpose of the last paragraph?A. To promote contemporary Chinese civilization.B. To show many efforts made to popularize Tai Chi.C. To stress the importance of Chinese Tai Chi masters.D. To advise people to practise Tai Chi to cure diseases.11.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Tai Chi Steps on the UNESCO's List.B. Tai Chi is Competing against Yoga.C. Tai Chi Has Regained populate Globally.D. Opinions Greatly Differ on Tai Chi and Yoga.DHave you ever been on social media and seen your favorite celebrity talking about a product? These promotions might not be totally random, and are actually seen as a vital part of the marketing process. The question is: How do social media influencers ‘influence’ what you buy?Human desire for status and making friends, combined with our need to belong to a group, makes us receptive to being ‘socially influenced’. Companies often use that desire to have a similar lifestyle to a celebrity we admire to sell or launch a product. So, what do these promotions actually do?Firstly, they can be used to build brand awareness. A social media influencer should have a strongunderstanding of the platform they operate on, and therefore can create appealing content that not only sticks to the brand image, but sparks their followers’ interests in a product they might never have seen before.Secondly, influencers can improve a company or product’s relationship with their customer base. According to InMoment’s 2018 US Retail CX Trends Report on customer loyalty, 77% of buyers have been brand loyal for more than ten years. This is also true of 60% of millennials. A popular celebrity can target key customers and talk or blog about a product, which can create an instant and lasting bond with them.Lastly, influencers can improve customer buying habits with seemingly ‘unbiased opinions’. We are more likely to respond to ‘peer recommendation’ than traditional ads, meaning the fact we see an influencer as a ‘friend’ can make us less likely to be doubtful about what we are seeing.So, the next time you see a celebrity talking about a product, you might want to consider that this could be a carefully worked-out marketing strategy designed to target your core needs. If you find yourself examining a product you’ve seen on social media, you may well have been influenced.12. Why do companies invite celebrities to launch products?A. Because celebrities can improve the companies’ public images.B. Because consumers like to share similarity with celebrities.C. Because celebrities want to make more money.D. Because consumers can make friends with celebrities.13. According to the passage, which strategy is often used by influencers?A. Setting up operation platforms.B. Sending gifts to customers.C. Improving relationship with the company.D. Taking advantage of their popularity.14. To customers, the recommendations of influencers seem to be ________.A. offensiveB. subjectiveC. objectiveD. misleading15. The passage is mainly about ________.A. how social media make adsB. how social media influence our lifestyleC. how social influencers affect our buyingD. how celebrities earn fame第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市鲁迅高级中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ACitisport inNewportWe at Citisport aim to improve sports training and facilities inNewport, giving you more opportunities to try both new and traditional sports.GolfWe are pleased to be able to offer lessons at Kingsway Golf Centre just outsideNewport. These are run by experienced golf professionals, and are held on an all-weather practice area. The adult lessons are open to anyone aged 13 and over, and are suitable for all levels from beginners upwards. These take place on Wednesdays from 3:00 to 4:00 pm over a period of six weeks. Children’s lessons for 7-12 year old are held from 2:00 to 3:00 pm on Saturdays during term time.TennisThe Citisport tennis courses provide an opportunity for local people to develop their skills on the brand-new indoor tennis court at Newport Leisure Centre. All equipment can be provided, but please feel free to use your own racket (球拍) if you prefer. Our Starter course is held on Mondays from 7:00 to 8:00 pm, and is for beginners of 12 years and over. Our Improver course, which takes place on Tuesdays from 8:00 to 9:00 pm, is for players with some experience.Football for girlsBy popular request, Citisport is holding another one-day girls-only football course. This aims to give local girls the chance to learn essential skills and develop more advanced ones. The course will take place on Saturday, 9th November from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm, and is open to all girls aged 10-14 years living in theNewportarea.GymnasticsThis course is for beginners aged 8-14 and will provide an introduction to basic skills. There is a maximum of six pupils per coach in each class. At the end of the course there is a demonstration for friends and family of all the skills learnt there. The course will take place on Thursdays from 6:00 to 7:00 pm.1. What can we know about the Citisport golf lessons?A. You can take lessons at Kingsway Golf Centre insideNewport.B. The golf lessons can take place only in good weather.C. Teenagers can attend golf lessons on Wednesday afternoons.D. Children’s lessons usually last 2 or 3 hours on Saturday afternoons.2. Which of the following statements is true about the Citisport tennis courses?A. You can get the skills in an open-air court.B. You must take your own racket during the course.C. You can take the Monday course if you are a green hand.D. You can become an experienced player after the courses.3. Which course lasts only one day according to the text?A. Golf.B. Tennis.C. Football for girls.D. Gymnastics.BHave you ever done something for someone else—knowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU? Maybe you opened a door or donated blood or volunteered in a hospital’s ER during the pandemic. This is called a prosocial behavior. Humans engage in these types of behaviors all the time.But a question remains in science: Are we the only species who do this? As one of out closest s, chimpanzees have long been studied for signs of this. So far, research has provided mixed results on the question.Some studies show that chimps cooperatively hunt, share food and comfort each other. But one study came to a very different conclusion. The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp. If they chose the latter, it was seen as a prosocial behavior. But the result is that chimps showed no special preferences for feeding themselves and a friend over feeding just themselves. Another study conducted by DeTroy, however, discovered a totally different result.Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroy’s research was very naturalistic. “We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees’ outer enclosures. When an individual pushes the button, it releases juice from the fountain. However, since the button and fountain are approximately five meters apart, the individual pushing cannot directly drink from the fountain. And if any other chimpanzees are at the fountain when the button is pushed, they, and not the pusher, will be able to drink the juice.In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.“It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuableresources to the group members even if they couldn’t benefit themselves from their behavior.” said DeTroy.Further research may reveal what lies behind their prosocial motivation. But for now, it’s safe to assume that chimpanzees are not simply aping human behavior.4. Which of the following belongs to prosocial behaviors?A. Jack participated in voluntary work in the library just to earn credits.B. Mark turned to his classmate for help when feeling stressful in study.C. Tim guided a lost child back home on his way to an important job interview.D. Rose often interrupted the teacher to ask questions actively in the math’s class.5. What is the task of the chimpanzees in the lab-based study?A. Sharing food.B. Making a choice.C. Comforting others.D. Showing sympathy.6. How is DeTroy’s study different from the previous ones?A. It was based on controlled lab experiment.B. It gave juice to the chimpanzees as a reward.C. It offered the tested chimpanzees a natural surrounding.D. It provided a chance for chimpanzees to help their partners.7. What can we learn from DeTroy’s quotes?A. Chimpanzees can develop abilities to help others.B. Chimpanzees have acquired many human behaviors.C. Chimpanzees in the wild is cleverer than those in the lab.D. Chimpanzees displayed prosocial behaviors for certain rewards.CNextdoor，an online social network for neighbors，says it has attracted $60 million from early backers of technology giants，Google，Amazon and Facebook.The new investment，1ed by venture firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers and investment firm Tiger Global Management，values Nextdoor at more than $500 million，said a personfamiliar with the matter.Nextdoor members make Facebook-style postings，giving or seeking recommendations for services such as babysitters and yard maintenance or local retailers and restaurants. They also post about community issues such as parking，crimeand safety，or items for sale or loan.The investment sum emphasizes the appeal of businesses that can tap into the growing use of mobile devices，as well as social networking Perhaps the best current example is Twitter，which is preparing for an initial public offering that values the company at up to about $11 billion.“We’re all spending more time with our screens，more engaged，but I think data shows we’re less connected，”said John Doerr of Kleiner Perkins，mentioning his own experience of knowing few of his neighbors. Nextdoor，with its ability to introduce neighbors to each other，helps people regain the sense of connection，he said.Early next year，Nextdoor plans to expand to Canada，followed by Great Britain，Australia，and South Africa，chief executive NiravTolia said. While Nextdoor has not yet have made any profit after two years of operations，Tolia said he is not worried.“If we look at the great companies at this stage，none of them started to monetize this early in their evolution. ”Tolia said. “It’s all about getting the product right. ”Eventually，Nextdoor plans to tap into local advertising，he said.Nextdoor is currently used in 22，527 neighborhoods across the United States，up from 5，694 a year ago. Including the latest funding round，it has raised just over $100 million.8. What attitude do the early backers of technology grant hold towards Nextdoor?A. They doubt its value.B. They think poorly of it.C. They are in favor of it.D. They are worried about it.9. What is mainly discussed about Nextdoor in Paragraph 3?A. Its members.B. Its service.C. Its value.D. Its location.10. What is the author’s purpose of mentioning Twitter in Paragraph 4?A. To support his viewpoint.B. To post an advertisement.C. To introduce a network.D. To makea public offer.11. How does Nirav Tolia feel about the future of Nextdoor?A. Curious.B. Upset.C. Cautious.D. Optimistic.DWhy doesHaitiso tend to have fatal earthquakes? Earthquakes have been causing huge damage inHaitisince at least the 18th century. The capital city has been destroyed twice in 19 years. The 21st century has beenno more kind.The Earth’s outer shell is made tip of tectonic plates (构造板块) that move.Haitisits near the crossing of two tectonic plaits that make up the Earth’s outer shell. Earthquakes can occur when those plates move against each other and create friction (摩擦力).Haitiis also overpopulated. Plus, many of its buildings are designed to resist hurricanes but not earthquakes. Those buildings can survive strong winds bat are easy to fail down when the ground shrikes. Poor building practices can also play arole.“I think it’s important to recognize that there’s no such thing as a natural disaster,” said Wendy Bohon, a geologist. “What you have is a natural disaster that comes with a weak architecture system. We do know that earthquakes like this can cause huge damage because ofthefault,” said Wendy. “And it’s quite a significant risk in places that don’t have the construction practices to resist the shaking.”Construction of more earthquake-resistant buildings remains a challenge inHaiti, which is the poorest nation in theWestern Hemisphere. “While there have been some success stories of Haitians building more earthquake-resistant structures, the country has lacked a centralized effort to do so,” said Mark Schuller, a professor of anthropology and nonprofit and NGO studies atNorthernIllinoisUniversity.Haiti’s government has become increasingly weak, while non-governmental organizations only focus on their own projects.“There is technical knowledge inHaiti, There are trained architects. There are cityplanners. That’s not the problem,” Schuller said. “The problem is a lack of funding for coordination (协调), and lack of political will from donors to organizations providing aid.”12. Which factor causing the huge damage is highlighted?A. Its overpopulation.B. Its weak government.C. Its geographical location.D. Its weak architecture system.13. What does the underlined part “the fault” in paragraph 4 refer to?A Lacking political will to provide aid.B. Lacking hurricane-resistant; buildings.C. Lacking earthquake-resistant buildings.D. Sitting on the crossing of two tectonic plates.14. What’s Schuller’s attitude towardsHaiti’s government?A Supportive. B. Critical.C. Indifferent.D. Interested.15. Which of the following can be a problem according tothe last paragraph?A. Fund and will.B. Skilled architects.C. Urban designers.D. Technology and money.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市鲁迅高级中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALOI English—English Conversation ClassesTake English conversation classes with native English -speaking teachers from theUnited States,IrelandandAustralia, live, 1 - on - 1.This is by far the best way to improve your real spoken English and listening abilities and get to a level where you can use it in real - life situations. Our teachers mainly carry on conversations about work in different fields, such as business, finance, politics and travel. However, if you like, you can have normal day - to - day conversations about events, weather, etc. If you would like to learn some grammar during conversation, we can do that too!Our English Conversation classes：• Your conversations will always be with a native English speaker.• You can choose the time, day and teacher for each class.• The classes are made for each student individually. They will be at your level, studying what you need and what interests you.Packages10 Classes Package $ 229.90Interested in taking 10, 55 - minute conversation English classes?Schedule a first free class with LOI English and talk to the teacher about it. After that, you can arrange to take our 10 - class conversation English course.20 Classes Package $ 439,80Interested in taking 20, 55 - minute conversation English classes?Schedule a first free class with LOI English and talk to the teacher about it. After that, you can arrange to take our 20 - class conversation English course.1. What do the classes mainly focus on?A. Daily conversations.B. Work - related topics.C. Grammar rules.D. Area - based accents.2. Which is NOT offered to the students?A. Native English - speaking teachers.B. Personalized courses.C. Choice of class time and teacher.D. Offline learning materials.3. What should a student do first if he decides on either of the packages?A. Arrange a free class with LOI English.B. Bargain with LOI English for lower fees.C. Choose an experienced LOI English teacher.D. Make a promise to sit through each class.BScientists have made great discoveries. But how have they influenced our personal lives? Do kids in your classroom even know when Einstein lived? You may be wondering: but why is it important to teachkids about modern-day scientists?First, stories of scientists can encourage kids. Chris Hadfield is a Canadian who went to space, and he’s a real, guitar-playing person. He makes singing videos on YouTube! His story can make kids think scientists are also common people. Hearing scientists’ stories makes kids think “I can do that too!”But not only that, the stories of famous scientists can encourage kids to never give up. Bill Nye was always refused when trying to be an astronaut. But today, he’s made a lot of successes in his role as a popular science educator and engineer. Besides, it’s no secret that scientific discoveries require trying, and trying again.Another way some scientists can encourage kids is through their diversity. Neil deGrasse Tyson, for example, is an African-American, which is not common in his field. Such stories can make kids think anyone can be a scientist.It’s important to know that scientists don’t need to be “gifted” or “good” at school. Often we consider a scientist as being an extremely smart kid at school. That doesn’t have to be true. They just need to have a great interest in science. Telling students stories of scientists can encourage them to show interest in science. As long as they’re interested, they are likely to become a scientist in the future.Modern scientists teach kids that knowledge builds upon the foundation others have laid. This is important — no one can do it alone. Scientists’ stories can encourage today’s young scientists to keep trying. They’ll be encouraged not to give up on the dream of making discoveries. Even if they haven’t made important discoveries, their research may help the following scientists.4. What can Chris Hadfield’s story tell students?A. Scientists are interested in different things.B. Students should have a hobby of their own.C. Scientists can be ordinary like people around us.D. Students should consider scientists as their models.5. Which of the following would the author agree with?A. African-Americans are more likely to become scientists.B. Scientists are not necessarily very smart at school.C. Not all scientists really show interest in science.D. Scientists are usually good at their schooling.6. The last paragraph shows us that ________.A. scientists should help each otherB. a scientist should never give up tryingC. making discoveries is necessary for scientistsD. new scientific discoveries may be based on others’ findings7. What is the text mainly about?A. Why scientists are important to us.B. Why students should be taught about scientists.C. Why students love stories of scientists.D. Why scientists can encourage students.CYour best friend that follows you around when the sun comes out - your shadow - doesn’t serve an important function like your heart or brain, but what if you could use shadows to create electricity? When using solar panels (电池板) that are powered by light, shadows can be boring because it means electricity can’t be created. However, researchers from the National University of Singapore have engineered a way to create power from the shadows present everywhere.A team of the university created a machine that can collect energy from shadows. It is created by placing a thin coating of gold onto silicon (硅). Like in a normal solar panel, when put in light, the silicon electrons (电子) become energized and the energized electrons then jump from the silicon to the gold. The voltage (电压) of the part of the machine that is placed in the light increases to the dark part and the electrons in the machine flow from high to low voltage. They are sent through an external circuit (外电路) creating a current that can be used topower another machine. The greater the contrast between light and dark, more energy is provided by the machine.The team isworking on improving the performance of the machine, borrowing approaches from solar panels to gather light. Increasing the amount of light the machines can receive allows them to better make use of shadows, as well as developing shadow energy collecting panels that can successfully gather from indoor lighting. The team is also researching the use of other materials other than gold to drop the price of the machine, meaning they would be more cost effective and easier to apply in society.Shadows are present everywhere and perhaps one day in the future we will be able to collect energy from them by placing the shadow-effect energy machine around the world in places that have been considered unfit for solar panels to work, or indoors. “A lot of people think that shadows are useless,” Tan says, but “anything can be useful, even shadows.”8. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. Your best friend always stays with you after the sunrise.B. The shadow has the same function as the heart and brain.C. Shadows can stop solar panels from creating electricity.D. Researchers have found a way to create power from shadows.9. What is the key working principle of the machine mentioned in the text?A. The silicon produces electricity when it is in the light.B. The gold produces power with the help of the silicon.C. The energized electrons flow from high to low voltage.D. An external circuit creates current using another machine.10. How does the team improve the performance of the machine?A. Using solar panels in the machine.B. Increasing the amount of light received.C. Developing light energy collecting panels.D. Bringing down the price of gold.11. Which of the following is the best place to apply the machine?A. A gym.B. A park.C. A farm.D. A playground.DA student had to get his long hair cut off in a middle school in GuangDong Province. It was talked a lot amongteachers and students.In fact, all schools have their own rules. In most schools, boy students are not allowed to have long hair while girls are not allowed to dye their hair. And most school rules say that students should wear their school uniforms at school. And students must obey these rules so that they can get healthy development at school.But some students have disagreements. They think that boy students having long hair doesn't mean that they are not good students. They want to show their own personality. They think that they would look cool too if they had long hair and the hairstyles like their favorite stars.A girl student thought that she would look much more beautiful if she had brown hair. So she had her dark hair dyed brown one day. When she went back to school the next day, the teacher was very angry with her. She said that she worked hard at her lessons and did well in every subject. She just didn't know why the teacher didn't allow her to dye her hair while women teachers can.It is not wrong for teenagers to love stars' hairstyles or wear their favorite clothes. However, a school has its own rules for all the students to obey so that the school can be in good order. Students should not break the rules at school.12. What aren't boy students allowed to do in most middle schools according to this passage?A. To have long hair.B. To wear uniforms.C. To like famous stars.D. To show their own personalities.13. Why did the girl make her hair brown?A. Because she wanted to be cool.B. Because she thought that she would look much more beautiful.C. Because she wanted to make her teacher angry.D Because women teachers dyed their hair.14. What does the writer think of these school rules?A. The students should be against them.B. They are bad for students.C. They can make schools in good order.D. They can't make students grow healthily.15. What is the passage mainly about?A. Hair styles and clothes.B. Schoolboys and schoolgirls.C. Students and famous stars.D. School rules.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。