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动词及动词短语知识点一高考常考的几组动词词义辨析1．injure，hurt，wound，destroyI didn't want to hurt his feelings.我不想伤害他的感情。
He was wounded in the battle.他在战斗中负过伤。
2．beat，hit，strike，defeat，winOur team beat the American team by eight.我们队以超过美国队八分的成绩战胜了。
She hit him out of anger.她生气地打了他一下。
The tower was struck by lightning.该塔被闪电击中了。
He defeated all the other participants and won the prize. 他击败了其他参赛者，获了奖。
3．adopt，attach，adapt，adjustThis kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need; besides, it is not expensive at all.这个桌子可以根据你需要的高度而调整，而且一点也不贵。
Recently, to maintain national balance, the Chinese government has adopted a policy of encouraging college graduates to take positions in rural areas.为了保持平衡，中国政府最近通过了一项鼓励大学毕业生去农村就业的政策。
Parents attach much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.父母亲都非常重视教育。
强化训练二十四“中国元素”专题语法填空(二)(A)The Shangsi Festival, also known as the Double Third Festival, is an ancient Chinese festival 1.________ (observe) on the third day of the third lunar month. In 2018, it was set as China Huafu Day 2.________ (advocate) the elegant traditional Chinese clothes. The first event 3.________ (celebrate) on April 18 that year in Xi'an.The Shangsi Festival celebrations have changed with the times. Both the feast 4.________ praying for descendants (后代) by the river were added in the Han Dynasty. It was after the Wei and Jin dynasties 5.________ the event was fixed on the third day of the third lunar month. 6.________ (interesting), the calligrapher Wang Xizhi from the Eastern Jin Dynasty wrote in his LantingXu about how literary men 7.________ (compose) poetry while drinking from cups floating and moving along the winding river. In the Tang Dynasty, people went out to hold ceremonies and appreciate 8.________ (flower) along winding streams. After the Ming and Qing dynasties, the festival developed into a spring outing 9.________ (feature) lively activities like drifting cups, drifting eggs, hiking and eating glutinous rice (糯米). The Shangsi Festival falls so close to the Qingming Festival that many young people today only know about 10.________ latter.[答题区]1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________6．________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________(B)Jiang Yufan, 21, was inspired for the original design of the Olympic Winter Games' mascot Shuey Rhon Rhon. She was brought up in a small town with red lanterns hanging everywhere, leaving it bathed 1.________ a strong festive atmosphere.The past four years witnessed the most significant period of her life. It was in 2018 2.________ the then junior student at the Jilin University of Arts presented 3.________ design—a Chinese knot and a dumpling. 4.________ (feel)they didn't go together well, her teacher urged her to revise her design again. Later, she 5.________ (submit) the first draft of her now winning entry, a Chinese knot and a red lantern. Jiang and her teacher travelled between Changchun and Beijing more than 30 times 6.________ (polish) the design. Many former mascots had been 7.________ (animal), so Jiang was required to make hers more lively and dynamic. For 300 days, Jiang and her team worked on the design, but she never thought of giving 8.________ (she) up. Their hard work had 9.________ (eventual) paid off, and Shuey Rhon Rhon was chosen to be the official mascot for the 2022 Beijing Paralympic Winter Games.Jiang said the process helped her grow and she hoped her lantern would bring 10.________ (warm) to the world and light up people's dreams.[答题区]1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________6．________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________(C)From ancient times to the present, Qinghai Lake is called “blue sea” because of the natural beauty reflected on it. As to the area, it is the 1.________ (large) inland and salt water lake in China. Shaped like an ellipse (椭圆), Qinghai Lake reaches 28.71m at the deepest point but 2.________ (average) 19m overall. Due to the high altitude, its weather is very cool, 3.________ is why it is often selected as a summer resort.Qinghai Lake presents 4.________ (it) as a really good place for travellers and it offers yearround 5.________ (please). Many prefer when it is a green and lively world. Many birds 6.________ (attract) to this beautiful lake, resulting in this place 7.________ (be) a kingdom for birds' watchers. Every year in July, Qinghai Lake is central to the popular bicycle racing and cycling around it is 8.________ great way to enjoy the scenery.When the cold winter comes, the ice 9.________ (cover) the surface of the lake shines brightly in the sun, adding another degree of beauty. Catching the famous“Icy Fish” is an 10.________ (incredible) wonderful experience at this time when they are trapped by the ice. All things considered, it's an awesome journey for you to explore in full this beautiful spot on the Earth.[答题区]1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________6．________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________(D)Pingyao County is located in central Shanxi Province, China. It consists 1.________ five towns and eight villages, covering an area of about 484 square miles. This small county was noted for some 2.________ (impress) architectures in ancient conventional styles.As the birthplace of the Jin Businessmen during the Ming and Qing dynasties, it played 3.________ important role in the economic development of Shanxi during that period. The first Chinese trading shop 4.________ (open) there.Its City Wall is rated the hig hest of the “Three Treasures” of the county together with Zhenguo Temple and Shuanglin Temple. With a total 5.________ (long) of six kilometres, the City Wall covered by bricks and stones is about 12 metres tall and 3 to 6 metres wide on top. From a bird's eye view, the rectangular (长方形的) wall represents a tortoise (龟). A tortoise was 6.________ (traditional) considered a symbol of longevity, conveying the residents' hope 7.________ the ancient city would be permanently secure.Pingyao is no longer very prosperous, but the grand Pingyao Ancient City, 8.________ (construct) a thousand years ago, stands the test of time. 9.________ (wander) along the ancient street inside the old town, you can still sense its former grandeur. Since it was listed as UNESCO World Heritage in 1997, Pingyao 10.________ (become) a hot destination of millions of tourists.[答题区]1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________6．________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________强化训练二十四“中国元素”专题语法填空（二）（A）【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。
高中英语重点语法第一，（复数名词）、“主谓一致”、“人称代词的用法”（人称代词和物主代词；名词性的物主代词和形容词性的物主代词）等等。
例如：He always reads books before sleeping.He，第三人称单数代词，因此，动词用了reads这个加“s”的第三人称动词单数形式。
第二、英语的动词具有时态的变化。
首先，动词具有形态上的变化：是经常发生的，还是已经发生的，还是正在发生的。
我们称为“一般式”、“完成式”和“进行式”（相延伸的，则产生了“延续动词”和“静态动词”的区别。
）。
其次，动词具有时间上的变化，即：“过去”、“现在”、“将来”。
这样交叉之后即产生了不同的时态变化（应该是9种，但是一般常用的是8种，除去了一种将来完成式）。
因此，我们要正确的使用动词的不同时态，关键是把握上述两点。
例如：Now，John is playing basketball.在这个句子中，从Now这个词语中，我们可以知道动词play发生的时间是现在，此外，这个动作正在发生，因此，我们要用“现在进行时”。
第三、英语的动词具有语态的变化。
这里考察的是动词动作的对象是句子的主语还是句子的宾语。
如果是主语，则是“被动语态”，如果是宾语，则是“主动语态”。
而大量英语的句子是以物作为主语的，因此，英语句子中被动语态特别多。
例如：They sent Lucas to prison for five years.（主动语态）Lucas was sent to prison for five years.（被动语态）第四、英语的动词具有语气的变化。
相应的知识点有：情态动词的用法和虚拟语气。
这也是英语句子动词用法中最复杂的一个知识点了。
相应的内容不展开论述了，有兴趣的朋友可以参看一下的一个附件中的内容。
非常详细的虚拟语气讲解（见论坛里的其它两个帖子）第五、在一个英语句子中，仅存在一个主句动词。
可能很多人会不同意这一点，但是只要我们稍微分析一下，我们会发现这是非常重要的一个特点。
【关键字】关系语法填空训练3A(2016·河南洛阳3月统考)I have always enjoyed reading.Since I was a child I have wanted to be an author.That is 1 I studied Online－Journalism with focus on Online－Public Relations for the last three years.Therefore I had to read a 2 ．My university had a well－kept digital library.At home I could check if the books I need for class were available online.Nevertheless actually going to the library and 3 (search) in the Media section was more 4 (effect). I spent quite a few study hours in the library looking for interesting books for my studies.Additionally I, with my fellow students, 5 (spend)a lot of time there sitting on the couch and chatting.For my studies I had to read books about 6 (entertain), public relations, journalism, ethics in media and countless 7 topics.Sometimes the educational reading could get very exhausting.I remember the 8 (class) of Prof.Peter Seeger, which inspired me so much.We discussed the news and topics 9 (cover)by the media.I could easily join every conversation and talk with 10 (high) educated people about international and regional politics, and social injustices, just because of reading.Until today I have kept the reading routine I started at that time.本文为记叙文。
专题四语法填空有提示词类必考点(一)——谓语动词技法一慧眼识别标志词在题干中，yesterday, tomorrow, always, since, in the past few years, so far等都是判定动词时态常用的标志性时间状语，做题时可以通过寻找时间标志词来判定时态。
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop.Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice.解析：has grown 由时间状语“Since 2011”可知，这里要用现在完成时。
主语“the country”是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用has grown。
2．(2018·江苏高考改编)Hopefully in 2025we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we (develop) more convenient electronic communication tools by then.解析：will have developed 句意：在2025年我们有希望不用再互相发电子邮件了，因为到那时我们将已经研制出更方便的电子交流工具了。
根据句中的“in 2025”以及“by then”可知，空格处应用将来完成时。
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment, school (come) first.解析：comes 由时间状语at the moment可知，这里是指现在发生的事情，因此用一般现在时。
4．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)This cycle (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures.解析：goes 主语是This cycle, 且此处day after day表示常态，一直是这种情况，所以用一般现在时。
2020人教版高三英语二轮复习之语法填空精讲语法填空必考点之动词：考点：时态、被动语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词语法填空必考点一：时态点播1：动词的第三人称单数变化规则：规则动词的一般过去时变化规则：动词的现在分词变化规则:技巧点播：熟记固定句式定时态(1)“was/were doing sth.+when+一般过去时”表示“正在做某事,就在这时突然……”。
(2)“It/This/That was the first/second/...time that+主语+过去完成时...”表示“这是某人第一/二/……次……”。
“It/This/That is the first/second/...time that+主语+现在完成时...”表示“这是某人第一/二/……次……”。
(3)It is time that sb.did sth.表示“该做……了”。
(4)“It is/has been+一段时间+since...did sth.”表示“自从做某事已经一段时间了”。
(5)would/had rather sb.did sth.表示“宁愿某人做某事”。
(一)动词的时态（请先画出标志词）典题感悟1.In recent years some people __________(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements...2.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I __________(make) over the years.3.One study in America found that students’ grades __________(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.4.I __________(hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage,but I couldn’t manage it.5.On the first day of my first grade,I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.I __________(voice)my biggest concern to my mother,“How will I make friends?”6.A few months after he had arrived in China,Mr.Smith __________(fall) in love with the people and culture there.7.Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ____________(recommend) wonderful places to eat,shop,and visit.8.It was the first time in a year and a half that I __________(see) the night face to face...语言点积累：不规则动词变化：Give-gave-given给Take-took-taken Tell-told-told告诉Fall-fell-fallen下降Come-came-come来Make-made-made See-saw-seen自己总结的技巧：语法填空必考点二：被动语态技法2.固定句式用语态（1）一些固定句式中的被动语态。
