2020年6月英语四级模拟题：长篇阅读匹配

2020 年四级阅读段落信息匹配训练 (5) Promote Learning and Skills for Young People and AdultsA)This goal places the emphasis on the learning needsof young people and adults in the context of lifelonglearning.It calls for fair access to learning programs thatare appropriate ，and mentions life skills particularly.B)Education is about giving people the opportunity todevelop their potential，their personality and theirstrengths.This does not merely mean learning new knowledge，but also developing abilities to make the most of life.Theseare called life skills——including the inner capacities andthe practical skills we need.C)Many of the inner capacities——often known as psych0—social skills——cannot be taught as subjects.They are notthe same as academic or technical learnin9.They must ratherbe modeled and promoted as part of learning，and inparticular by teachers.These skills have to do with the waywe behave—towards other people，towards ourselves，towardsthe challenges and problems of life.They include skills in communicating ，in making decisions and，solving problems ，in negotiating and expressing ourselves in thinking critically and understanding our feelings.D)More practical life skills are the kinds of manualskills we need for the physical tasks we face.Some wouldinclude vocational skills under the heading of life skills——the ability to lay bricks.sew clothes，catch fish or repaira motorbike.These are skills by which people may earn theirlivelihood and which are often available to young peopleleaving school.In fact ，very often young people learn psycho-social skills as they learn more practical skills.Learning vocational skills can be a strategy for acquiring both practical and psycho-social skills.E)We need to increase our life skills at every stage oflife ，so learning them may be part of early child —hood education.of primary and secondary education and of adultlearning groups.Life skills can be put into the categoriesthat the Jacques Delors report suggested;it spoke of fourpillars of education ，which correspond to certain kinds oflife skills —Learning to know ：Thinking abilities ：such as problem —solving ，critical thinking ，decision making ，understanding consequences.Learning to be ： Personalabilities ：such as managing stress and feelings ，self- awareness，self-confidence.Learning to live together ：Social abilities ：such as communication ，negotiation ，teamwork.Learning to do ： Manual skills ：practicing know-how required for work and tasks.F)In today ’s world all these skills are necessary, inorder to face rapid change in society.This means that it isimportant to know how to go on learning as we require newskills for life and work.In addition ，we need to know how to cope with the flood of information and turn it in to useful knowledge.We also need to learn how to handle change insociety and in our own lives.G)Life skills are both concrete and abstract—practical skills can be learned directly, as a subject.For example, alearner can take a course in laying bricks and learn thatskill.Other life skills ，such as self-confidence ，self-esteem ，and skills for relating to others or thinking criticallycannot be taught in such direct ways.They should be part ofany learning process ，where teachers or instructors areconcerned that learners should not just learn about subjects ，but learn how to cope with life and make the most of theirpotential.H)So these life skills may be learnt when learning otherthings.For example ：Learning literacy may have a big impacton self-esteem ，on critical thinking or on communicationskills;Learning practical skills s ach as drivin9 ，healthcareor tailoring may increase self-confidence ，teach problem —solving processes or help in understanding consequences.I) Whether this is true depends on the way of teachin9 —what kinds of thinkin9 ，relationship building andcommunication the teacher or facilitator models themselvesand promotes among the learners.It would require measuring the individual and collectiveprogress in making the most of learning and of life ，or assessing how far human potential is being realized ，or estimating how well people cope with change.It is easier tomeasure the development of practical skills ，for instance by counting the number of students who register for vocationalskills courses.However, this still may not tell us howeffectively these skills are being used.J)The psych0.social skills cannot easily be measured bytests and scores ，but become visible in Changbehavior.Progress in this area has often been noted byteachers on reports which they make to the parents of theirpupils.The teacher ’s experience of life ， of teaching and of whatcan be expected from education in the broadest sense serve as astandard by which the growth and development of individuals can be assessed to some extent.This kind of assessment is individual andmay never appear in international tables and charts.K)The current challenges relate to these difficulties ：We need to recognize the importance of life skills bothpractical and psycho-social as part of education which leadsto the full development of human potential and to thedevelopment of society.The links between psycho—socialskills and practical skills must be more clearly spelled out ，so that educators can promote both together and findeffective ways to do this.Since life skills are taught aspart of a wide range of subjects，teachers need to havetraining in how to put them across and how tomonitor learners ’growth in these areas.In designing curricula and syllabuses for academicsubjects ，there must be a balance between content teachingand attention to the accompanying life skills.A more consciousand deliberate effort to promote life skills will enable learnersto become more active citizens in the life of society.L)Governments should recognize and actively advocatefor the transformational role of education in realizing humanpotential and in socio —economic development.Ensure thatcurricula and syllabuses address life skills and givelearners the opportunity to make real-life applications ofknowledge，skills and attitudes.Show how life skills of allkinds apply in the world of work ，for example ，negotiating and communication skills ，as well practical skills.Throughinitial and in-service teacher training ，increase the use of active and participatory learning/teaching approaches.Examineand adapt the processes and content of education so thatthere is a balance between academic input and life skills development.Make sure that education inspectors look not onlyfor academic progress through teaching and learning ，but also progress in the communication ， modeling and application oflife skills.Advocate for the links between primaryand(early)secondary education because learning life skillsneeds eight or nine years and recognize that the prospect ofeffective secondary education is an incentive to children ，and their parents ，to complete primary education successfully.M)Funding agencies should support research ，exchange and debate.nationally and regionally, on ways of strengtheninglife skills education.Support innovative( 创新的 )teacher training in order to combine life skills promotion intosubjects across the curriculum and as a fundamental part ofwhat school and education are about.Recognize the linksbetween primary and secondary education in ensuring thatchildren develop strong life skills.Support ，therefore ，the early years of secondary education as part basic education.N) As support to governments and in cooperation withother international agencies ，UNESC0：Works to define lifeskills better and clarify what it means to teach and learnthem.Assists education. policy makers and teachers to developand use a life skills approach to education.Advocates for thelinks between a life skills approach to education and broadersociety and human development.46.The recognition of life skills as part of educationwill promote the development of human potential and society.47.The abilities to make the most of life consist of theinner capacities and the practical skills.48.The progress in psycho —social skills can be measured by changed behavior.ernments should examine and adapt the processes and content of education so as to balance the academic input and life skills development.50.According to Jacques Delors include learning to know, learning to be together and learning to do. ，four pillars of education， learning to live51.The funding agencies should link primary education and secondary education to make sure that children develop strong life skills.52.Learning literacy may exert an influence onself-esteem，critical thinking and communication skills.53.One function of UNESCO is to help educational policy makers and teachers to develop and use a life skills approach to education.54.Learning vocational skills can be an approach to acquiring both practical and psycho —social skills.55.The abilities to manage stress and feelings awareness，self-confidence are personal abilities. ，self-促动年轻人和成年人的学习和技能A)这个目标以“终生学习”为背景，将重点放在年轻人和成年人的学习需要上。

英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案解析（11）英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案解析(11)Jaguars Don't Live Here AnymoreA)Earlier this month, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service announced it would appoint" critical habitat" for the endangered jaguar. Jaguars--the world's third-largest wild cats, weighing up to 250 pounds, with distinctive black rosettes ( 玫瑰花色) on their fur--are a separate species from the smaller, tawny (黄褐色的) mountain lions, which still roam large areas of the American West in the United States and take the first steps toward mandating (批准) a jaguar recovery plan. This is a policy reversal and, on the surface, it may appear to be a victory for the conservation community and for jaguars, the largest wild cats in the Western Hemisphere.B) But as someone who has studied jaguars for nearly three decades, I can tell you it is nothing less than a slap in the face to good science. What's more, by changing the rules for animal preservation, it stands to weaken the Endangered Species Act.C)The debate on what to do about jaguars started in 1997, when, at the urging of many biologists ( including me), the Fish and Wildlife Service put the jaguar on the United States endangered species list, because there had been occasional sightings of the cats crossing north over the United States-Mexico border. At the same time, however, the agency ruled that it would not be "prudent" (谨慎的) to declare that the jaguar has critical .habitat--a geographic area containing features the species needs to survive--in the United States. Determining an endangered species' critical habitat is a first step towarddeveloping a plan for helping that species recover.D)The 1997 decision not to determine critical habitat for thejaguar was the right one, because even though they cross the border from time to time, jaguars don't occupy any territory in our country--andthat probably means the environment here is no longer ideal for them.E)In prehistoric times, these beautiful cats inhabited significant areas of the western United States, but in the past 100 years, there have been few, if any, resident breeding populations here. The last time a female jaguar with a cub ( 幼兽) was sighted in this country was inthe early 1900s.F)Two well-intentioned conservation advocacy groups, the Center for Biological Diversity and Defenders of Wildlife, sued the Fish andWildlife Service to change its ruling. Thus in 2006, the agency reassessed the situation and again determined that no areas in theUnited States met the definition of critical habitat for the jaguar. Despite occasional sightings, mostly within 40 miles of the Mexican border, there were still no data to indicate jaguars had taken up residence inside the United States.G ) After this second ruling was made, an Arizona rancher ( 牧场主), with support from the state Game and Fish Department, set infrared-camera (红外摄像机) traps togather more data, and essentially confirmed the Fish and Wildlife Service's findings. The cameras did capture transient jaguars, including one male jaguar, nick named Macho, B, who roamed the Arizona borderlands for more than a decade. But Macho B, now dead, might have beenthe sole resident American jaguar, and hisextensive travels indicated he was not having an easy time surviving in this dry, rugged region.1H) Despite the continued evidence, the two conservation advocacy groups continued to sue the government. Apparently, they want jaguars to repopulate the United State seven if jaguars don't wan! to. Last March,a federal district judge in Arizona ordered the Fish and WildlifeService to revisit its 2006 determination on critical habitat.I)The facts haven't changed: there is still no area in the United States essential to the conservation of the jaguar. But, having asserted this twice already, the service, nowunder a new president, has bent to the tiresome litigation (诉讼). On Jan. 12, Fish and Wildlife officials, claimed to have evaluated new scientific information that had become available after the July 2006 ruling. They determined that it is now prudent to appoint critical habitat for the jaguar in the United States.J)This means that Fish and Wildlife must now also formulate a recovery plan for the jaguar. And since jaguars have not been able to reestablish themselves naturally over the past century, the government will likely have to go to significant expense to attempt to bring them back--especially if the cats have to be reintroduced.K)So why not do everything we can, at whatever cost, to bring jaguars back into the United States? To begin with, the American Southwest is, at best, marginal habitat for the animals. More important, there are better ways to help jaguars. South of our border, from Mexico to Argentina, thousands of jaguars liveand breed in their true criticalhabitat. Governments and conservation groups (including the one I head) are already working hard to conserve jaguar populations and connect them to one another through an initiative called the Jaguar Corridor.L).The jaguars that now and then cross into the United States most likely come from the northernmost population of jaguars, in Sonora, Mexico. Rather than demand jaguars return to our country, we should help Mexico and other jaguar-range countries conserve the animals' true habitat itM )The recent move by the Fish and Wildlife Service means that the rare federal funds devoted to protecting wild animals will be wasted on efforts that cannot help save jaguars. It also stands to weaken the Endangered Species Act, because if critical habitat is redefined as any place where a species might ever have existed, and where you or I might want it to exist again, then the door is open for many other sense less efforts to bring back long-lost creatures.N)The Fish and Wildlife officials whose job is to protect the country's wild animals need to grow a stronger backbone--stick withtheir original, correct decision and save their money for more useful preservation work. Otherwise, when funds are needed to preserve all those small, ugly, non-charismatic endangered species at the back of the line, there may be no money left.1. It is still a fact that there is no suitable place for jaguarsto live safely in the United States.2. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service should be more determined and saving for the conservation work.3. Jaguars were regarded as endangered species because oftheir rare appearance at the United States-Mexico border.4. Money was not spent effectively in helping save jaguars in the recent move by the Fish and Wildlife Service.5. It can be inferred that the United States is not the best choice for jaguars to live from the evidence that they don't settle anywhere here.6. South of the United States' border, from Mexico to Argentina, is the true critical habitat for jaguars.7. The number of jaguars breeding populations in significant areas of the western United States has deceased in the past century.8. It is necessary for the government to invest lots of funds in order to help jaguars to reestablish.9. It didn't indicate that jaguars had settled down in the United States even though they were seen within 40 miles of the Mexican border at times.10. Fish and Wildlife officials were sure enough to appointcritical habitat for the jaguar in the United States.1.I)。

四级长篇阅读匹配题做题技巧
四级长篇阅读匹配题是四级考试中的重要题型，也是考生普遍认为比较难的题型之一。

这种题型要求考生在阅读完一篇较长的文章后，根据文章内容和所给选项，将选项与文章中的相应段落匹配起来。

对于许多考生来说，这种题型比较考验阅读理解的能力和语言表达的能力。

以下是一些四级长篇阅读匹配题做题技巧，供考生参考。

1. 通读全文，了解文章大意
在做题之前，先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大意，这有助于考生更好地理解文章的细节和各段落的主旨。

2. 抓住关键词
在阅读文章的过程中，要注意抓住关键词，这有助于考生更好地理解文章的内涵和细节。

3. 不要被选项的形式所迷惑
在做题的时候，不要被选项的形式所迷惑，而是要看清选项所表达的意思，然后再回到文章中去找到相应的段落。

4. 注意选项的排列顺序
有时候，选项不是按照文章的顺序排列的，这就需要考生在做题的时候注意选项的排列顺序，以免将其匹配到错误的段落。

5. 排除干扰项
在做题的时候，有时候会出现一些干扰项，这些选项与文章内容相关度较低，不应该被选作答案。

考生要学会排除这些干扰项，准确地找到与文章内容相关的答案。

6. 注意时间分配
在考试的时候，要注意时间的分配，不要花太多时间在一道题上，以免影响后面的答题。

总之，在做四级长篇阅读匹配题的时候，考生应该认真阅读文章，抓住关键词，注意选项的排列顺序和干扰项的排除，合理分配时间，这样才能更好地完成这种题型。

在备考的时候，要多做一些练习题，提高自己的阅读理解和语言表达能力，为考试打下坚实的基础。

长篇阅读考察的核心是“找匹配”，即要把文后的选项句与文中的来源段落匹配起来。

这种考法其实并不要求你一定要把选项句和文章都完全看懂，而是要能敏锐地意识到选项句中的信息在文中的出现与对应。

由于这个部分的做题时间可能相对紧张，因此做题步骤和要点很重要。

下面我们来整理一下。

一、阅读文章标题、题注等，获取全文话题长篇阅读的文章与选词填空和仔细阅读文章最不同的，在于长篇阅读的文章有标题。

有些可能还有小标题、题注（大标题下、正文之前的一两句话，常为斜体）。

在正式开始看选项、看文章之前，记得把大小标题、题注信息快速阅读一下，看完它们，你就能了解文章的话题了；之后的阅读和解题也有了大方向。

二、阅读选项，标注选项定位词然后，我们先将文后的十个选项句阅读一遍。

注意，这一步的目的并不是要记住十个句子所有的信息，我们也不可能把十个句子都背下来。

但是我们希望能在每个句子中都挑选出一至两组定位词，方便我们待会扫读文章时快速注意到句子的出现和对应。

毫无疑问地，定位词应该要具有如下特点：1.稳定：这个词最好要在文中能以原样重现2.醒目：这个词最好要容易在文中被发现、识别3.独特：这个词最好不要在文中出现太多次下面我们总结常见的几类选项句中效果较好的定位词。

1.数字、时间例如：Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased atanannual rate of 3.9 percent. (四级大纲样题-47)这句话中的时间概念mid-1970s和数字3.9 percent就是很好的定位词。

在文中肯定会重现，而且容易识别。

这样，当之后在扫读文章，看到某段中出现这两个概念时，就可以初步确定这个句子的来源。

2.人名、地名、机构等大写专有名词、合成词等例如：Around the world, governments encourage the model of linkinguniversity-based science and industrial application. (四级大纲样题-53)这句话中的合成词university-based science就是很好的定位词，本身是比较专业的概念不易被替换，合成词的形式也使得其比较容易被发现。

四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(8)导读：本文四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(8)，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。

Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.A Grassroots RemedyA) Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don't run the streets. Every one of the minstinctively heads to the park or the river. It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.B) But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived ( 丧失) , I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Stratham Common, south London. These days, children are robbed of these an cientfreedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.C) The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the U.S. families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD --attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( 多动症) .Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.D) A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A U.S. study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school.E) Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.F) Most bullying (持枪凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) play ground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds mean pleasantly of Sunny hill School in Stratham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about incomers fantasizing about wildlife. The children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.G) One of the great problems of modem childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.H) The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.I) In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundingsim prove all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behavior are reduced when there is contact with the natural world. Dr. William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of birds, states in his study, "A natural environment can reduce violent behavior because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behavior." Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.J) We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favor that human beings are granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging. Human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳动物) . For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with nonhuman life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stoked a cat, sat under a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the parkon a nice day, understands that. We need the wild world. It is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without the wild world we are not more but less civilized. Without other living things around us we are less than human.K) Five Ways to Find Harmony with the Natural World Walk: Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. Get off a stop earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb.Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space. In the garden, anywhere that's not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. Sit under a tree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed.Drink: The best way to enjoy the natural world is by oneself; the second best way is in company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering: talk with the sun and the wind with bird-song for background.Learn: Expand your boundaries. Leam five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs. That way, you see and hear more: and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life.Travel: The places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the country, in the hills. Take a week-end break, a day-trip, get out these and do it: for the scenery, for the way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees. Go somewhere special and bring specialness home. It lasts forever, after all.46. The study in Sweden shows that more access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.47. The author's profound belief is that people instinctively seek nature indifferent ways.48. It can be very helpful to provide more green spaces for children with ADHD.49. Elderly people will enjoy a life of better quality when they contact more with nature.50. Nowadays, people think things that can be bought are best for children, rather than things that can be found.51. Dr. William Bird suggests in his study that access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence.52. According to a study in the U. S. Children with ADHD whose accommodation had more natural views showed much better improvement.53. Children who have chances to explore natural areas are less likely to be involved in bullying.54. We can find harmony with the natural world in various ways, among which there are walking,sitting, drinking, learning and traveling.55. It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world can be separated.Section B大自然疗法A)【47】我们中的大多数人都套花时间寻求与大自然亲近。

英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习(7)Section BDirections：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attac hed to it．Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs．Identify th e paragraph from which the information is derived．You may choose a paragraph more th an once．Each paragraph is marked with a letter．Answer the questions by marking the c orresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2．Promote Learning and Skills for Young People and AdultsA) This goal places the emphasis on the learning needs of young people and adults i n the context of lifelong learning．It calls for fair access to learning programs that are ap propriate，and mentions life skills particularly．B)Education is about giving people the opportunity to develop their potential，their pe rsonality and their strengths．This does not merely mean learning new knowledge，but als o developing abilities to make the most of life．These are called life skills——including t he inner capacities and the practical skills we need．C)Many of the inner capacities——often known as psych0—social skills——cannot be taught as subjects．They are not the same as academic or technical learnin9．They must rather be modeled and promoted as part of learning，and in particular by teachers．These skills have to do with the way we behave—towards other people，towards ourselves，towa rds the challenges and problems of life．They include skills in communicating，in making decisions and solving problems，in negotiating and expressing ourselves，in thinking critically and understanding our feelings．D)More practical life skills are the kinds of manual skills we need for the physical t asks we face．Some would include vocational skills under the heading of life skills——the ability to lay bricks．sew clothes，catch fish or repair a motorbike．These are skills by which people may earn their livelihood and which are often available to young people lea ving school．In fact，very often young people learn psycho-social skills as they learn mor e practical skills．Learning vocational skills can be a strategy for acquiring both practical and psycho-social skills．E)We need to increase our life skills at every stage of life，so learning them may be part of early child—hood education．of primary and secondary education and of adult learning groups．Life skills can be put into the categories that the Jacques Delors report sugg ested；it spoke of four pillars of education，which correspond to certain kinds of life skill s—Learning to know：Thinking abilities：such as problem—solving，critical thinking，dec ision making，understanding consequences．Learning to be：Personal abilities：such as ma naging stress and feelings，self-awareness，self-confidence．Learning to live together：Soci al abilities：such as communication，negotiation，teamwork．Learning to do：Manual skil ls：practicing know-how required for work and tasks．F)In today’s world all these skills are necessary, in order to face rapid change in soc iety．This means that it is important to know how to go on learning as we require new s kills for life and work．In addition，we need to know how to cope with the flood of inf ormation and turn it in to useful knowledge．We also need to learn how to handle change in society and in our own lives．G)Life skills are both concrete and abstract—practical skills can be learned directly, a s a subject．For example, a learner can take a course in laying bricks and learn that skil l．Other life skills，such as self-confidence，self-esteem，and skills for relating to others or thinking critically cannot be taught in such direct ways．They should be part of any le arning process，where teachers or instructors are concerned that learners should not just le arn about subjects，but learn how to cope with life and make the most of their potential．H)So these life skills may be learnt when learning other things．For example：Learni ng literacy may have a big impact on self-esteem，on critical thinking or on communicati on skills；Learning practical skills s ach as drivin9，healthcare or tailoring may increase s elf-confidence，teach problem—solving processes or help in understanding consequences．I) Whether this is true depends on the way of teachin9—what kinds of thinkin9，relat ionship building and communication the teacher or facilitator models themselves and prom otes among the learners．It would require measuring the individual and collective progress in making the most of learning and of life，or assessing how far human potential is being realized，or estimat ing how well people cope with change．It is easier to measure the development of practic al skills，for instance by counting the number of students who register for vocational skill s courses．However, this still may not tell us how effectively these skills are being used．J)The psych0．social skills cannot easily be measured by tests and scores，but become visible in Chang behavior．Progress in this area has often been noted by teachers on re ports which they make to the parents of their pupils．The teacher’s experience of life，of teaching and of what can be expected from education in the broadest sense serve as a standard by which the growth and development of individuals can be assessed to some exten t．This kind of assessment is individual and may never appear in international tables and charts．K)The current challenges relate to these difficulties：We need to recognize the import ance of life skills both practical and psycho-social as part of education which leads to t he full development of human potential and to the development of society．The links bet ween psycho—social skills and practical skills must be more clearly spelled out，so that e ducators can promote both together and find effective ways to do this．Since life skills ar e taught as part of a wide range of subjects，teachers need to have training in how to pu t them across and how to monit or learners’growth in these areas．In designing curricula and syllabuses for academic subjects，there must be a balance between content teaching and attention to the accompanying life skills．A more conscious and deliberate effort to promote life skills will enable learners to become more active citiz ens in the life of society．L) Governments should recognize and actively advocate for the transformational role of education in realizing human potential and in socio—economic development．Ensure tha t curricula and syllabuses address life skills and give learners the opportunity to make real -life applications of knowledge，skills and attitudes．Show how life skills of all kinds app ly in the world of work，for example，negotiating and communication skills，as well prac tical skills．Through initial and in-service teacher training，increase the use of active and participatory learning／teaching approaches．Examine and adapt the processes and content of education so that there is a balance between academic input and life skills developmen t．Make sure that education inspectors look not only for academic progress through teachi ng and learning，but also progress in the communication，modeling and application of li fe skills．Advocate for the links between primary and(early)secondary education because le arning life skills needs eight or nine years and recognize that the prospect of effective sec ondary education is an incentive to children，and their parents，to complete primary educ ation successfully．M)Funding agencies should support research，exchange and debate．nationally and reg ionally,on ways of strengthening life skills education．Support innovative(创新的)teacher training in order to combine life skills promotion into subjects across the curriculum and as a fundamental part of what school and education are about．Recognize the links betwee n primary and secondary education in ensuring that children develop strong life skills．Sup port，therefore，the early years of secondary education as part basic education．N) As support to governments and in cooperation with other international agencies，U NESC0：Works to define life skills better and clarify what it means to teach and learn th em．Assists education. policy makers and teachers to develop and use a life skills approac h to education．Advocates for the links between a life skills approach to education and br oader society and human development．46．The recognition of life skills as part of education will promote the development o f human potential and society．47．The abilities to make the most of life consist of the inner capacities and the prac tical skills．48．The progress in psycho—social skills can be measured by changed behavior．49．Governments should examine and adapt the processes and content of education so as to balance the academic input and life skills development．50．According to Jacques Delors，four pillars of education include learning to know, learning to be，learning to live together and learning to do．51．The funding agencies should link primary education and secondary education to make sure that children develop strong life skills．52．Learning literacy may exert an influence on self-esteem，critical thinking and co mmunication skills．53．One function of UNESCO is to help educational policy makers and teachers to d evelop and use a life skills approach to education．54．Learning vocational skills can be an approach to acquiring both practical and psy cho—social skills．55．The abilities to manage stress and feelings，self-awareness，self-confidence are pe rsonal abilitiesSection B促进年轻人和成年人的学习和技能A)这个目标以“终生学习”为背景，将重点放在年轻人和成年人的学习需要上。

英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案 1There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed. The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. 1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______.A.if we complete our short-range goalsB.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsC.if we write down the datesD.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______.A.two yearsB.long-term goalsC.current activitiesD.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______.A.we will win final successB.we are overwhelmedC.we should build up confidence of successD.we should strong desire for setting new goals 4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.A.we should stick to them until we complete themB.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC.we had better wait for the exciting news of successD.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.A.those who habe long-term goals will succeedB.writing down the dates may discourage youC.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationD.every should have a goal答案：adcbc英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案 2If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan. Sagan believes that before the earths resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there. Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen andcarbon. When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus. -1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____ a.it might be possible to change its atmosphere b.its atmosphere is the same as the earthsc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______. a.the algae have done their work -b.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案 3Like a needle climbing up a bathroom scale, the number keeps rising. In 1991, 15% of Americans were obese(肥胖的); by 1999, that proportion had grown to 27%. Youngsters, who should have age and activity on their side, are growing larger as well: 19% of Americans under 17 are obese. Waistbands have been popping in other western countries too, as physical activity has declined and diets have expanded. By and large, people in the rich world seem to have lost the fight against flab(松弛).Meanwhile, poorer nations have enjoyed some success in their battles against malnutrition and famine. But, according to research presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, it is more a case of being out of the frying pan and into the fire. The most striking example actually in the poor world comes from the Pacific islands, home of the world’s most obese communities. In 1966, 14% of the men on this island were obese while 100% of men under the age of 30 in 1996 were obese.This increase in weight has been uneven as well as fast. As a result, undernourished and over-nourished people frequently live cheek by jowl(面颊). The mix can even occur within a single household. A study of families in Indonesia found that nearly 10% contained both the hungry and the fat. This is a mysterious phenomenon, but might have something to do with people of different ages being given different amounts of food to eat.The prospect of heading off these problems is bleak. In many affected countries there are cultural factorsto contend with, such as an emphasis on eating large meals together, or on food as a form. ofhospitality.Moreover, there is a good measure of disbelief on the part of policymakers that such a problem Could existin their countries. Add to that reluctance on the part of governments to spend resources on promoting dietand exercise while starvation is still a real threat, and the result is a recipe for inaction. Unless something is done soon, it might not be possible to turn the clock back.英语四级阅读模拟试题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.The first sentence of the passage most probably implies that ______.A.many Americans are obsessed with the rising temperature in their bathroomB.more people are overweighed in the United StatesC.people are doing more physical exercises with the help of scalesD.youngsters become taller and healthier thanks to more activities2.As physical exercise declines and diet expands, ______.A.other western countries has been defeated by fatB.obesity has become an epidemic(流行病)of the rich worldC.waistbands begin to be popular in other western countriesD.western countries can no longer fight against obesity3.Which is NOT the point of the example of the Pacific Islands?A.The poor community has shaken off poverty and people are well-fed now.B.Obesity is becoming a problem in the developing world too.C.Excessive weight increase will cause no less harm than the food shortage.D.The problem of overweight emerges very fast.4.Of tackling obesity in the poor world, we can learn from the passage that____A.the matter is so complex as to go beyond our capacityB.no matter what we do, the prospect will always be bleakC.it is starvation, the real threat, that needs to be solvedD.we should take immediate actions before it becomes incurable5.What is the main idea of this passage?A.Obesity is now a global problem that needs tackling.B.The weights increase fast throughout the whole world.C.Obesity and starvation are two main problems in the poor world.D.Obesity has shifted from the rich world to the poor world.英语四级阅读参考答案1.[B] 推理判断题。

级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案（2）Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs ・ Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.长篇阅读How to Make Attractive and Effective Pow er Point PresentationsA) Microsoft PowerPoint has dramatically changed the way in which academicand business presentations are made・ This article outlines few tips on making more effective and attractive PowerPoint presentations.The TextB) Keep the wording clear and simple. Use active, visual language. Cut unnecessary words—a good rule of thumb is to cut paragraphs down to sentences, sentences into phrases, and phrases into key words. Limit thenumber of words and lines per slide. Try the Rule of Five-five words per line, five lines per slide. If too much text appears on one slide, use the AutoFit feature to split it between two slides・ Click within the placeholder to display the AutoFit Options button (its symbol is two horizontal lines with arrows above and below), then click on the button and choose Split Text between Two Slides from the submen u.C) Font size for titles should be at least 36 to 40, while the text body should not be smaller than 24. Use only two font styles per slide一one for the title and the other for the text. Choose two fonts that visually contrast with each other. Garamond Medium Condensed and Impact are good for titles, while Garamond or Tempus Sans can be used for the text body.D) Embed the fonts in your presentation, if you are not sure whether the fontsused in the presentation are present in the computer that will be used for the presentation. To embed the fonts: (1) On the File menu, click Save As. (2) On the toolbar, click Tools, click Save Options, select the Embed TrueType Fonts check box, and then select Embed characters in use only.E) Use colors sparingly; two to three at most. You may use one color for all the titles and another for the text body・ Be consistent from slide to slide. Choose a font color that contrasts well with the background.F) Capitalizing the first letter of each word is good for the title of slides and suggests a more formal situation than having just the first letter of the first word capitalized. In bullet point lines, capitalize the first word and no other words uniess they no rmally appear capped. Upper and lower case letteri ng is more readable than all capital letters・ Moreover, current styles indicate that using all capital letters means you are shouting. If you have text that is in the wrong case, select the text, and then click Shift+ F3 until it changes to the case style that you like. Clicking Shifts F3 toggles the text case between ALL CAPS, lower case, and Initial Capital styles・G) Use bold or italic typeface for emphasis. Avoid underlining, it clutters up the presentation. Don't center bulleted lists or text・ It is confusing to read.Left align unless you have a good reason not to. Run “spell check^, on your show when finished.The BackgroundH) Keep the backgro und con sistent. Simple, light textured backgrounds work well. Complicated textures make the content hard to read・ If you are planning to use many clips in your slides, select a white background. If the venue of your presentation is not adequately light-proof, select a dark-colored background and use any light color for text. Minimize the use of Fells and whistles 5,such as sound effects, u flying words" and multiple transitions・ Don't use red in any fonts or backgrounds・ It is an emotionally overwhelming color that is difficult to see and read.The ClipsI) Animations are best used subtly; too much flash and motion can distract and annoy viewers ・ Do not rely too heavily on those images that were orig in ally loaded on your computer with the rest of Office. You can easily find appropriate clips on any topic through Google Images・ While searching for images, do not use long search phrases as is usually done while searchi ng the web ・use specific words.J) When importing pictures, make sure that they are smaller than two megabytes and are in a .jpg format. Larger files can slow down your show. Keep graphs, charts and diagrams simple, if possible・ Use bar graphs and pie charts in stead of tables of data ・ The audience can the n immediately pick up the relatio nships.The PresentationK) If you want your presentation to directly open in the slide show view, save it as a slide show file using the following steps. Open the presentation you want to save as a slide show. On the File menu, click Save As. In the Save as type list, click PowerPoint Show. Your slide show file will be saved with a ppt file extension. When you double-click on this file, it will automatically start your presentation in slide show view. When yoifre done, PowerPoint automatically closes and you retur n to the desktop .If you want to edit the slide show file, you can always open it from PowerPoint by clicking Open on the File menu.L) Look at the audience, not at the slides, whenever possible. If using a laser pointer, don't move it too fast. For example, if circling a number on the slide, do it slowly. Never point the laser at the audience. Black out the screen (use "B n on the keyboard) after the point has been made, to put the focus on you. Press the key again to continue your presentation.M) You can use the shortcut comma nd [Ctrl] P to access the Pen tool duri ng a slide show. Click with your mouse and drag to use the Pen tool to draw during your slide show. To erase everything yoifve drawn, press the E key. To turn off the Pen tool, press [Esc] once.MiscellaneousN) Master Slide Set・Up: The u master slide51 will allow you to make changes that are reflected on every slide in your presentation. You can change fonts, colors, backgrounds, headers, and footers at the “master slide" level. First, go to the “View” menu. Pull down the “Master” menu. Select the “slide master” menu. You may now make changes at this level that meet your presentation needs・对应题目:1. The ways in which academic and business presentations are made have been changed by Microsoft PowerPoint・2. When making the PowerPoint, the wording of the text should not be complicated.3. In each slide, the font styles for the title and the text should contrast with each other.4. A more formal situation is capitalizing the first letter of the first word.5. Centering bulleted lists or text can not help to read・6. Sound effects should be used as less frequently as possible.7. When importing pictures, make sure that they are smaller than two megabytes.8. When making the presentation, you should look at the audience as possible as you can.9. Pressing the E key can help you to erase everything you f ve drawn.10. In order to meet your pr esentation needs, you can make changes at the “slide master" level.答案参考：1. A A段讲到了微软的PowerPoint对学术及商业陈述形式的改变，可以肓接定位到文章的首段。

四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案-3————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：2四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案（3）Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.长篇阅读Preparing for Computer DisastersA) Summary: When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward.B) Fires, power surges, and floods, they're all facts of life. We read about them in the morning paper and see them on the evening news. We sympathize with the victims and commiserate over their bad luck. We also shake our heads at the digital consequences—melted computers, system failures, destroyed data. Yet, somehow, many of us continue to live by that old mantra of denial: "It won't happen to me." Well, the truth is, at some point you'll probably have to deal with at least one disaster. That's just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives we do something about it. We buy insurance. We stow away provisions. We even make disaster plans and run drills. But for some reason, computer disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us. It shouldn't be. Home computers contain some of our most important information, both business and personal, and making certain our data survives a disaster should be a priority. Moreover, even the smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personal computers have become an integral part of the smooth-running household. We use them to communicate, shop, and do homework, and they're even more vital to home office users. When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward. With a good offsite storageplan and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from minor computer disasters. And, should a major calamity strike, you can rest assured your data is safe.Offsite Storage: Major DisastersC) House fires and floods are among the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction. That's why a solid offsite backup and recovery plan is essential. Although many home users faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house flood our burn. That's because they keep their backups in relatively close to their computers. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their computers—tucked away in a closet or even the garage—but they're not nearly far enough away should a serious disaster strike. So, it's important to back up your system to a removable medium and to store it elsewhere.D) There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaster situations are stressful, and your recovery tools shouldn't add to that stress. They must be dependable and intuitive, making it easy to schedule regular backups and to retrieve files in a pinch. They must also be compatible with your choice of backup medium. Depending on your tools, you can back up to a variety of durable disk types—from CDs to Jaz drives to remote network servers. Although many of these storage media have high capacity, a backup tool with compression capabilities is a big plus, eliminating the inconvenience of multiple disks or large uploads.E) Once you select your tools and a suitable medium, you need to find a remote place to store your backups. The options are endless. However, no matter where you choose, be sure the site is secure, easily accessible, and a good distance away from your home. You may also want to consider using an Internet-based backup service. More and more service providers are offering storage space on their servers, and uploading files to a remote location has become an attractive alternative to conventional offsite storage. Of course, before using one of these services, make certain you completely trust the service provider and its security methods. Whatever you do, schedule backups regularly and store them far away from your home.Come What May: Handling the Garden Variety Computer CrisisF) Not all home computer damage results from physical disaster. Many less menacing problems can also hobble your PC or destroy your information. Systems crash, kids "rearrange" data, adults inadvertently delete files. Although these events might not seem calamitous, they can have serious implications. So, once again, it's important to be prepared. As with physical disasters, regular backups are essential. However, some of these smaller issues require a response that's more nuanced than wholesale backup and restoration. To deal with less-than-total disaster, your tool set must be both powerfuland agile. For example, when a small number of files are compromised, you may want to retrieve those files alone. Meanwhile, if just your settings are affected, you'll want a simple way to roll back to your preferred setup. Yet, should your operating system fail, you'll need a way to boot your computer and perform large-scale recovery. Computer crises come in all shapes and sizes, and your backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to meet each challenge.The Right Tools for the Right Job: Gearing up for DisasterG) When disaster strikes, the quality of your backup tools can make the difference between utter frustration and peace of mind. Symantec understands this and offers a range of top quality backup and recovery solutions. Norton GoBack is the perfect tool for random system crashes, failed installations, and inadvertent deletions. With this powerful and convenient solution, it's simple to retrieve overwritten files or to bring your system back to its pre-crash state. Norton Ghost is a time-tested home office solution. Equipped to handle full-scale backups, it's also handy for cloning hard drives and facilitating system upgrades. A favorite choice for IT professionals, it's the ideal tool for the burgeoning home office. You can buy Norton Ghost and Norton GoBack separately, or get them both when you purchase Norton System Works.H) Life's disasters, large and small, often catch us by surprise. However, with a little planning and the right tools, you can reduce those disasters to bumps in the road. So, don't wait another day. Buy a good set of disaster recovery tools, set up an automatic backup schedule, and perform a dry run every now and again. Then, rest easy.对应题目：1. You should take steps to recover from computer disasters so as to minimize their effects.2. For some reason, computer disaster recovery is always ignored by many of us.3. You can bounce back quickly and easily minor computer disasters with the help of a good offsite storage plan and the right tools.4. The most devastating causes of personal computer destruction includes house fires and floods.5. It's necessary for us to back up our systems to some transferable medium and to put it somewhere else.6. You should find a distant place to store your backups after selecting your tools and a suitable medium.7. Not only physical disaster can damage your computer.8. The backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to deal with various computer crises.9. The quality of your backup tools determines whether you are frustrated or have a peaceful mind when disaster strikes.10. You should prepare for your computer disasters now and again.答案参考：1. A 根据题干中的信息词recover from computer disasters定位到本文的第一段。

2020年大学英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(2)Genetically Modified Foods--Feed the World?[A] If you want to spark a heated debate at a dinner party, bring up the topic about genetically modified foods. For many people, the concept of genetically altered, high-tech crop production raises all kinds of environmental, health, safety and ethical questions. Particularly in countries with long agrarian traditions--and vocal green lobbies--the idea seems against nature.[B] In fact, genetically modified foods are already very much a part of our lives. A third of the corn and more than half the soybeans and cotton grown in the U. S. last year were the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the U. S. this year. The genetic is out of the bottle.[C] Yet there are clearly some very real issues that need to be resolved. Like any new product entering the food chain, genetically modified foods must be subjected to rigorous testing. In wealthy countries, the debate about biotech is tempered by the fact that we have a rich array of foods to choose from--and a supply that far exceeds our needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fast-growing and underfed populations; the issue is simpler and much more urgent： Do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks?[D] The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. Last year the world's population reached 6 billion. And by 2050, the UN estimates, it will be probablynear 9 billion. Almost all that growth will occur in developing countries. At the same time, the world's available cultivable land per person is declining. Arable land has declined steadily since 1960 and will decrease by half over the next 50 years, according to the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications ( ISAAA).How can biotech help?[E] Biotechnologists have developed genetically modified rice that is fortified with beta-carotene(胡萝卜素)--which the body converts into vitamin A--and additional iron, and they are working on other kinds of nutritionally improved crops. Biotech can also improve farming productivity in places where food shortages are caused by crop damage attribution to pests, drought, poor soil and crop viruses, bacteria or fungi ( 真菌 ).[F] Damage caused by pests is incredible. The European corn borer, for example, destroys 40 million tons of the-world's corn crops annually, about 7% of the total. Incorporating pest-resistant genes into seeds can help restore the balance. In trials of pest-resistant cotton in Africa, yields have increased significantly. So far, fears that genetically modified, pest-resistant crops might kill good insects as well as bad appear unfounded.[G] Viruses often cause massive failure in staple cropsin developing countries. Two years ago, Africa lost more than half its cassava (树薯) crop--a key source of calories-to the mosaic virus (花叶病毒).Genetically modified, virus-resistant crops can reduce that damage, as can drought-tolerant seedsin regions where water shortages limit the amount of landunder cultivation. Biotech can also help solve the problem of soil that contains excess aluminum, which can damage roots and cause many staple-crop failures. A gene that helps neutralize aluminum toxicity (毒性) in rice has been identified. Many scientists believe biotech could raise overall crop productivity in developing countries as much as 25% and help prevent the loss of those crops after they are harvested.[H]Yet for all that promise, biotech is far from being the whole answer. In developing countries, lost crops are only one cause ofhunger. Poverty plays the largest role. Today more than 1 billion people around the globe live on less than 1 dollar a day. Making genetically modified crops available will not reduce hunger if farmers cannot afford to grow them or if the local population cannot afford to buy the food those farmers produce.[I] Biotech has its own "distribution" problems. Private-sector biotech companies in the rich countries carry out much of the leading-edge research on genetically modified crops. Their products are often too costly for poor farmers in the developing world, and many of those products won't even reach the regions where they are most needed. Biotech firms have a strong financial incentive to target rich markets first in order to help them rapidly recoup the high costs of product development. But some of these companies are responding to needs of poor countries.[J] More and more biotech research is being carried outin developing countries. But to increase the impact of genetic research on the food production of those countries,。

四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案-3作者:日期: 2四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案（ 3 ）Directions: In this sect ion, you are going to read a passage with tenstateme nts attached to it. Each stateme nt contains in formatio n give n in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more tha n on ce. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.长篇阅读Prepari ng for Computer DisastersA) Summary: When home office computers go dow n, many small bus in esses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward.B) Fires, power surges, and floods, they're all facts of life. We read about them in the morning paper and see them on the eve ning n ews. We sympathize with the victims and commiserate over their bad luck. We also shake our heads atthe digital con seque nces —melted computers, system failures, destroyed data.Yet, somehow, many of us continue to live by that old mantra of denial: "It won't happe n to me." Well, the truth is, at some point you'll probably have to deal with at least one disaster. That's just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives we do someth ing about it. We buy in sura nee. We stow away provisi ons.We even make disaster pla ns and run drills. But for some reas on, computer disaster recovery is a bli nd spot for many of us. It should n't be. Home computers contain some of our most importa nt in formati on, both bus in ess and pers on al, and making certa in our data survives a disaster should be a priority. Moreover, even the smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personal computers have become an in tegral part of the smooth-r unning household. We use them to com muni cate, shop, and do homework, and they're eve n more vital to home office users. When home office computers go dow n, many small bus in esses grind to a halt. Fortun ately, tak ing steps to recover from disasters and mi ni mize their effects is quite straightforward. With a good offsite storagepla n and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from minor computer disasters. And, should a major calamity strike, you can rest assured your data is safe.Offsite Storage: Major DisastersC) House fires and floods are among the most devastati ng causes of pers onal computer destruct ion. That's why a solid offsite backup and recovery pla n is esse ntial. Although many home users faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house flood our bur n. That's because they keep their backups in relatively close to their computers. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their computers —tucked away in a closet or eve n the garage —but they're not n early far eno ugh away should aserious disaster strike. So, it's important to back up your system to a removable medium and to store it elsewhere.D) There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaster situati ons are stressful, and your recovery tools should n't add to that stress. They must be depe ndable andintuitive, making it easy to schedule regular backups and to retrieve files in a pin ch. They must also be compatible with your choice of backup medium. Depe nding on your tools, you can back up to a variety of durable disk types —from CDs to Jaz drives to remote n etwork servers. Although many of these storage media have high capacity, a backup tool with compressi on capabilities is a big plus, elim in at ing the inconvenience of multiple disks or large uploads.E) Once you select your tools and a suitable medium, you n eed to find a remote place to store your backups. The options are endless. However, no matter where you choose, be sure the site is secure, easily accessible, and a good distance away from your home. You may also want to consider using an Intern et-based backup service. More and more service providers are offeri ng storage space on their servers, and uploading files to a remote location has become an attractive alter native to conven ti onal offsite storage. Of course, before using one of these services, make certa in you completely trust the service provider and its security methods. Whatever you do, schedule backups regularly and store them far away from your home.Come What May: Han dli ng the Garde n Variety Computer CrisisF) Not all home computer damage results from physical disaster. Many less menacing problems can also hobble your PC or destroy your in formati on. Systems crash, kids "rearrange" data, adults inadvertently delete files.Although these events might not seem calamitous, they can have serious implicati ons. So, once aga in, it's importa nt to be prepared. As with physical disasters, regular backups are essential. However, some of these smaller issues require a resp onse that's more nuanced tha n wholesale backup and restoratio n. To deal with less-tha n-total disaster, your tool set must be both powerful and agile. For example, whe n a small nu mber of files are compromised, you may want to retrieve those files alone. Mean while, if just your sett ings are affected, you'll want a simple way to roll back to your preferred setup. Yet, should your operati ng system fail, you'll n eed a way to boot your computer and perform large-scale recovery. Computer crises come in all shapes and sizes, and your backup and recovery tools must be flexible eno ugh to meet each challe nge.The Right Tools for the Right Job: Geari ng up for DisasterG) When disaster strikes, the quality of your backup tools can make the differe nee betwee n utter frustrati on and peace of mi nd. Syma ntec un dersta nds this and offers a range of top quality backup and recovery soluti ons. Norton GoBack is the perfect tool for ran dom system crashes, failed in stallati ons, and in adverte nt deleti ons. With this powerful and convenient soluti on, it's simple to retrieve overwritten files or to bring your system back to its pre-crash state. Norton Ghost is a time-tested home office solution. Equipped to handle full-scale backups, it's also handy for cloning hard drives and facilitating system upgrades. A favorite choice for IT professi on als, it's the ideal tool for the burge oning home office. You can buy Norton Ghost and Norton GoBack separately, or get them both whe n you purchase Norton System Works.H) Life's disasters, large and small, often catch us by surprise. However, with a little planning and the right tools, you can reduce those disasters to bumps in the road. So, don't wait ano ther day. Buy a good set of disaster recovery tools, set up an automatic backup schedule, and perform a dry run every now and aga in. Then, rest easy.对应题目:1. You should take steps to recover from computer disasters so as to minimize their effects.2. For some reas on, computer disaster recovery is always ignored by many of us.3. You can bounce back quickly and easily minor computer disasters with the help of a good offsite storage pla n and the right tools.4. The most devastat ing causes of pers onal computer destruct ion in cludes house fires and floods.5. It's n ecessary for us to back up our systems to some tran sferable medium and to put it somewhere else.6. You should find a distant place to store your backups after selecting your tools and a suitable medium.7. Not only physical disaster can damage your computer.8. The backup and recovery tools must be flexible eno ugh to deal with various computer crises.9. The quality of your backup tools determ ines whether you are frustrated or have a peaceful mind whe n disaster strikes.10. You should prepare for your computer disasters now and aga in.1. A 根据题干中的信息词recover from computer disasters 定位到本文的第一段。

大学英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(2)导读：本文大学英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(2)，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。

Section BDirections：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each smtement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.1ndentify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Creative Book Report Ideas A.Are you at a loss for creative book report ideas for your students?If yes.then this article will help you make reading and reviewing books more creative for your class.In an age of PSPs，Xbox，anime and gaming arcades，reading has lost its foothold in the list of hobbies that children tend to cite.Most of the reading that kids do today,comes in the form of compulsory books that they need to read for school and maybe that is the reason they find reading to be an insurmountable and boring task.If you want to inculcate the love for languages and literary masterpieces in your students and want them to devour books everyone should read，then a good way of going about the same would be to get them to start working on creative book report ideas.While working on creative ideas for book reports，your students will have to understand the book in a way that allows them to come up with new ways to present to the class，the essence of the book.B.As a teachel while egging your students to activate their creative gray cells.you will have to help them out with basic ideas that they can work on.Depending on the age bracket that your students belong to，the creative book report ideas will vary.This is so，not just because of the varying attention spans that children of various age groups posses but also because of the amount of work that kids can put into the report.While a middle school student wiIl be comfortable handling a handy cam，a student from elementary school will be more fascinated if he is working with paints and puppets.So do you want to know how to write a book report creatively?In this article.we will list out for you，a couple of good creative book report ideas for elementary students and for middle school students.C.A book report sandwich is a good creative idea for book reports.As a teacher you can get drawings of a sandwich on sheets of Paper that are of the color of the ingredients of your sandwich，for example，a cream sheet of paper to resemble mayonnaise，red to represent tomato and likewise.Ob.viously,each ingredient should be cut in a way that when assembled together,it looks like a sandwich.Now,give each of your students one of these book sandwiches to create their book report.It can start with the name of the book and the author’s name on the top slice of the sandwich.The second ingredient can have the summary of the book on it.Each subsequent ingredient can have a description of the main characters，the setting of the book，the plot，and then his or her views about the book.Once they are done with their book reports，they can staple the book sandwich together and then，you can create a class bulletin board with all the book report sandwiches on display.D.One of the good techniques to retell a story,it is also one of the favorite creative book report ideas among students.The job that the student will have is to read the book and then pick a few objects at his/her home which will allow him/her to retell the story in a way that makes it interesting for his/ her audience.Every time he/she picks out an object from the bag to report the book he/she has read，there has to be a valid connection between the book and the object，which the student can first ask the audience to guess and then go ahead and explain it.This idea is spin—off on the normal show and tells and allows for an interactive book report session.E.This is one of the creative ideas for book reports in which.as the teacher, you will have to divideyour class into groups and give them one book each.The students can then read the book and get together and write a play and act it out for the class.To give a deeper insight into the book，one of the students can play the role of the author and as a group，the students can try and recreate the thought Drocess of the author.The student playing the role of the author can then interrupt the play at lmportant iunctllres and talk about the reasons for these twists in the play and how he/she came up with these plot lines.F.As a voung adult，your student’s fascination may go beyond the immediate concerns of the book.He/she may want to understand the circumstances in which the book was written，the times then，the events happening in the world and get the author’s perspective about the book.Encourage your students to mink on those lines.Divide the class into pairs and give each pair one book to read.Let them then do the roles of the author and a journalist.You can have an interview session in front of the class.enabling them todissect the book and get a peek into the author’s world.G.In a technology—obsessed world，it maybe a very tiny minority of your class that does not get excited with the Drospect of shooting a film.One of the best creative book report ideas for middle school，you will need to divide the class into groups and give them at least two months to adapt the book that thev have been assigned，into a film.The movie should have a well—adapted screenplay,and allother prerequisites，like a lighting engineer,sound engineer, costume designer,etc.At the end of the given time，the film can be screened in front of the class and then discussed.H.If you are on the lookout for good individual creative book report ideas，then this one could be for you.Assign every student a book and then ask them to start maintaining a diary,from the author’sDoint of vie w.Ask them to come up with imaginary incidents from the author’s life and use historical events to explain why the author wrote the book in a certain manner.Alternately, you can also ask your students to give a surrogate ending to the story.I)、These are just few of the options that you could use to inspire your students to come up with creative book report ideas.As kids we tend to be more imaginative and creative .Encourage your students to mink om of the box and appreciate them for their efforts.This will help you have a class that is not only lively and inquisitive by nature but also a class that will cultivate a love for words.46.11eachers can create a class bulletin board to display all the book report sandwiches after their students finish their reports.47.Adopting the method of knowing your author,teachers can encourage students to think beyond the immediate concerns of the book.48.Asking me students to write from their own point of view is suitable for teachers who are on the lookout for good individual creative book report ideas.49.Retelling a story is one of the favorite creative book report ideas among students and it tells and allows for an interactive book report session.50.Nowadays，most of book children read are those they need to read for school.51.Teachers tend to be more imaginative and creative as kids.52.While working on creative ideas for book reports，students will have to understand the book.53.The creative book report ideas vary according to ages because children in different age groups have different attention span.54.If teachers ask their students to shoot a film about a book，they should give them no fewer than two months.55.Teachers have to divide their class into groups and give them one book each is a good creative book report ideas.46.Teachers can create a class bulletin board to display all the book report sandwiches after their students finish their reports.在学生完成他们的读书报告后，老师可以设立一个班级布告板，把所有的三明治读书报告展示出来。

2020英语四级考试模拟题：长篇阅读2020英语四级考试模拟题：长篇阅读Has a tech entrepreneur come up with a product to replace our meA.s?A.In December of 2020，three young men were living in a claustrophobic(患幽闭恐惧症的)apartment in San Francisco’s Tenderloin district，working on a technology startup．Theyhad received a hundred and seventy thousand dollars from the incubator Y Combinator．but their project—a plan to make inexpensive cell-phone towers——had failed．Down to theirlast seventy thousand dollars．they resolved to keep tryingout new software ideas until they ran out of money．But howto make the funds last?Rent was a sunk cost．Since they were working frantically,they already had no social life．As they examined their budget，one big problem remained：food．B.They had been living mostly on ramen，com dogs，and Costco frozen quesadillas——supplemented by Vitamin C tablets，to stave ofr scurvy(坏血病)——but the grocery bills were still adding up．Rob Rhinehart，one of the entrepreneurs，began to resent the fact that he had to eat at all．“Foodwas such a large burden，”he told me recently．“It was also the time and the hassle．We had a very small kitchen，and no dishwasher．”He tried out his own version of“Super Size Me．”living on McDonald’s dollar meals and five．dollar pizzas from Little Caesars．But after a week．he said,“Ifelt like l was going to die．”Kale was all the rage——and cheap——so next he tried an all．kale diet．But that did not work，either．“I was starving，”he said．C.Rhinehart，who is twenty-five，studied electrical engineering at Georgia Tech，and he began to consider food as an engineering problem．“You need amino acids(氨基酸)and lipids，not milk itself,”he said．“You needcarbohydrates(碳水化合物)，not bread．”Fruits and vegetables provide essential Vitamins and minerals．but they’re“mostly water．”He began to think that food was an inefficient way：of geRing what he needed to survive．“It iust seemed like a system tha t’s too complex and too expensive and too fragile，”he told me．D.What if he went straight to the law chemical components?He took a break from experimenting with software and studied textbooks on nutrifional biochemistry and the Web sites ofthe F.D．A．,the U．S．D．A．，and the Institute of Medicine．Eventually,Rhinehan compiled a list of thirty-five nutrients required for survival．Then，instead of heading to the grocery store，he ordered them ofr the Intemet--mostlyin powder or pill form——and poured everything into ablender'with some water．The result．a slurry of chemicals，looked like gooey lemonade．Then，he told me，“I started living on it．”E.Rhinehart called his potion Soylent，which，for most people，evokes the 1973 science-fiction film“Soylent Green．”starring Cha rlton Heston．The movie is set in a dystopian future where，because ofoverpopulation and pollution，people live on mysterious wafers called Soylent Green．The film ends with the ghastly revelation that Soylent Green is made from human flesh．F.Rhinehart’s ro ommates were skeptical．One told me，“It seemed pretty weird．”They kept shopping at Costco．After a month，Rhinehart published the results of his experiment in a blog post，titled“How I Stopped Eating Food．”The post has a“Eureka!”tone．The chemical potion，Rhinehart reported，was“delicious!I felt like l’d just had the best breakfast of my life．”Drinking Soylent was saving him time and money：his food costs had dropped from four hundred and seventy dollars a month to fifty．Andphysically,he wrote，“I feel like the six million dollar mail．My physique has noticeably improved，my skin is clearer,my teeth whiter,my hair thicker and my dandruff gone．”He concluded．“I haven’t eaten a bite of food in thirty days，and it's changed my lifc．”In a fcw weeks，his blog post was at the top of Hacker News——a water cooler for the tech industry．Reactions were polarized．“RIP Rob，”a comment on Rhinehart’s blog read．But other people asked for his formula，which，in the spirit of the“opensource”movement，he posted online．G.One of Silicon Valle y’s cultural exports in the past ten years has been the concept of“life hacking”：devising tricks to streamline the obligations of daily life．thereby freeing yourself up for whateveryou’d rather be doing．Rhinehart’s“future food”seemed a clever work．around．Lifehackers everywherebegan to test it out，and then to make their own versions．Soon commenters on Reddit were sparring about the appropriate dose of calcium-magnesium powder．Atier three months，Rhinehart said，he realized that his mixture had the makings of a company：“It provided more value to my life than any app．”He and his roommates putaside their software ideas．and got into the synthetic．food business．H. To attract funding，Rhinehart and his roommates turned to the Internet：they set up a crowd-funding campaign in which people could receive a week’s supply of manufactured Soylent for sixty-five dollars．They started with a fund．raising goal of a hundred thousand dollars，which they hoped to raise in a month．But when thev opened up to donations，RhinehaIt says，“we got that in two hours．”Last week，the first thirty thousand units of commercially made Soylent were shipped out to customers across America．In addition to the crowd．funding money,its production was financed by Silicon Valley venture capitalists，including Y Combinator and the blue．chip investment firm Andreessen Horowitz， which contributed a million dollars．I. Soylent has been heralded by the press as“the end of food，”which is a somewhat bleak prospect．It conjares up visions of a world devoid of pizza parlors and taco stands——our kitchens stocked with beige powder instead of banana bread，our spaghetti nights and ice-cream socials replaced by evenings sipping sludge．J.But，Rhinehart says，that’s not exactly his vision．“Most of people’s meals are forgo tten，”he told me．He imagines that，in the future，“we’ll see a separation between our meals for utility and function，and our meals for experience and socialization．”Soylent isn’t coming for our Sunday potlucks．It’s coming for our frozen quesadillas．46．What will be the consequence of his direct study of raw chemical components?47．What we really need for survival is the nutritional elements of food instead of the food itself．48．The concept of life hacking is to encourage people to live reasonably and to be yourself．49．Soylent is not prepared for our Sunday potlucks，but an alternative options for junk food．50．Rent is definitely a cost you paid without the possibility of regain．51．I feel that I have become a man who could not be beRer than before in physical condition．52．Soylent has predicted the bleak future of food，the end of food．53．Food is trouble．making and time．consuming．54．Last week，the first batch of commercial Soylent was delivered to other parts of the world．55．The film is on the background of a visionallyterrible future，in which people live by Soylent owing to the overpopulation and pollution．更多推荐：更多推荐：。

2020年英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(4) Does the Internet Make You Dumber?[A] The Roman philosopher Seneca may have put it best2,000 years ago： "To be everywhere is to be nowhere." Today, the Internet grants us easy access to unprecedented amounts of information. But a growing body of scientific evidence suggests that the Net, with its constant distractions and interruptions, is also turning us into disrupted and superficial thinkers.[B] The picture emerging from the research is deeply troubling, at least to anyone who values the depth, rather than just the velocity (速度), of human thought. People who read text studded with links, the studies show, comprehend less than those who read traditional linear text. People who watch busy multimedia presentations remember less than those who take in information in a more sedate (镇定的) and focused manner. People who are continually distracted by e-mails, alerts and other messages understand less than those who are able to concentrate. And people who juggle (尽力同时应付)many tasks are less creative and less productive than those who do one thing at a time.[C] The common thread in these disabilities is dispersing our attention. The richness of our thoughts, our memories and even our personalities hinges on our ability to focus the mind and sustain concentration. Only when we pay deep attention to a new piece of information are we able to associate it "meaningfully and systematically with knowledge already well established in memory," writes the Nobel Prizewinning neuroscientist (神经科学家) Eric Kandel. Such associations are essential to mastering complex concepts.[D] When we're constantly distracted and interrupted, as we tend to be online, our brains are unable to generalize the strong and expansive neural connections that give depth and distinctiveness to our contemplating. We become mere signal-processing units, quickly shepherding disjointed bits of information into and then out of short-term memory.[E] In an article published in Science last year,Patricia Greenfield, a leading developmental psychologist, reviewed dozens of studies on how different media technologies influence our cognitive abilities. Some of the studies indicated that certain computer tasks, like playing video games, can enhance" visual literacy skills", increasing the speed at which people can shift their focus among icons and other images on screens. Other studies, however, found that such rapid shifts in focus, even if performed adeptly, result in less rigorous and "more automatic" thinking.[F] In one experiment conducted at Cornell University,for example, half a class of students was allowed to use Internet-connected laptops during a lecture, while the other had to keep their computers shut. Those who browsed the Web performed much worse on a subsequent test of how well they retained the lecture's content. While it's hardly surprising that Web surfing would distract students, it should be a note of caution to schools that are wiring their classrooms in hopes of improving learning.[G] Ms. Greenfield concluded that "every medium develops some cognitive skills at the expense of others. " Our growinguse of screen-based media, she said, has strengthened visual-spatial intelligence, which can improve the ability to do jobs that involve keeping track of lots of simultaneous signals, like air traffic control. But that has been accompanied by "new weaknesses in higher-order cognitive processes," including "abstract vocabulary, mindfulness, reflection, inductive problem solving, critical thinking, and imagination." We're becoming, in a word, shallower.[H] In another experiment, recently conducted at Stanford University's Communication between Humans and Interactive Media Lab, a team of researchers gave various cognitive tests to 49 people who do a lot of media multitasking and 52 people who multitask much less frequently. The heavy multitaskers performed poorly on all the tests. They were more easily distracted, had less control over their attention, and were much less able to distinguish important information from trivial.[I] The researchers were surprised by the results. They had expected that the intensive multitaskers would have gained some unique mental advantages from all their on-screen juggling. But that wasn't the case. In fact, the heavy multitaskers weren't even good at multitasking. They were considerably less adept at switching between tasks than the more infrequent multitaskers. "Everything distracts them," observed Clifford Nass, the professor who heads the Stanford lab.[J] It would be one thing if the ill effects went away as soon as we turned off our computers and cell phones. But they don't. The cellular structure of the human brain, scientists。

大学英语四级长篇匹配阅读20篇大学英语四级考试阅读部分试题的第二部分是长篇匹配阅读，要求考生阅读一篇1000词左右的文章并完成10道题目。

长篇匹配阅读考查考生运用专门的阅读技能来阅读文章的能力，包括用略读获取文章大意和用查读获取特定信息。

3.1大学英语四级长篇匹配阅读答题攻略一、题型介绍1．文章包括两类：带小标题的文章和无小标题的文章带小标题的文章的每一部分都有一个总括性的小标题,通常这个小标题就是该部分内容的概括性总结，且每一小标题下的内容通常是相对独立的。

无小标题的文章没有明显的内容间隔,对于这类文章，需通过略读找出主题句或主题词，特别要注意每段的句首和句尾。

2．题目类型：句子表述对应文中段落2006年6月～2007年6月，这部分是快速阅读部分，阅读后的题目为：前面7题为是非判断题，2007年12月～2013年6月的快速阅读部分的前面7题为选择题；后面3题题型不变，为填空题，要求考生根据文章内容把句子补充完整。

而在2013年12月的四级考试，快速阅读变为长篇匹配阅读，篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。

每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。

有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。

二、命题规律1．长篇匹配阅读题目设置时，将几句话整合或者将段落的大意、段落中的具体信息作为考察点。

题目的顺序不再按文章顺序，而是打乱了，需要考生找到题目与文章项匹配的段落。

2．包含时间数字、大写字母、人名、地名、机构名称等特别的信息点处往往是命题的重点。

3．标点符号处常设考点。

文章中的标点符号往往是为了更好地解释前面的内容，所以可以利用标点符号，如破折号、小括号、冒号等，推断不认识的单词或句子的含义。

三、定位技巧长篇阅读篇幅长、时间短，因此如何快速确定答案所在的位置极其关键。

选取定位词时有两个标准：特殊性和细节性。

文章中多次出现的词汇不是定位词，只有那些出现次数少、具有明显识别性的词才是定位词。