06年试题bgy

Sound over there icnic last term and it was a lot of fun, so let’s have Britain, in Britain, No, no sooner 4. What we used to think 6. We want to rent a bus which can . A. refers to B. speaks of C. focuses on D. comes to 9. －I’m thinking of the test tomorrow. I’m afraid I can’t pass this time.－ ! I’m sure you’ll make it.A. Go ahead B. Good luck C. No problem D. Cheer up 10. 10. Don’t Don’t Don’t respond respond respond to to to any any any e e -mails personal personal information, information, information, no no no matter matter matter how how how official official official they they look. A. searching B. asking C. requesting D. questioning 11. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years. A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t 12. The Beatles, many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. A. what B. that C. how D. as 13. Fitness is important in sport, but of at least importance are skills. A. fair B. reasonable C. equal D. proper 14. There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. A. that B. which C. until D. if 15. 15. Finding Finding Finding information information information in in in today’s today’s today’s world world world is is is easy. easy. easy. The The is is how how how you you you can can can tell tell tell if if if the the information you get is useful or not. A. ability B. competition C. challenge D. knowledge 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，其后从16～35各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，先出最佳选项。

2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试II英语试题本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。

第一卷1至10页。

第二卷11至14页。

考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一卷第一部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）第一部分语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1. hearA. nearlyB. searchC. bearD. heart2. changeA. machineB. headacheC. techniqueD. research3. surpiseA. policeB. apologizeC. bridgeD. children4. safelyA. baseB. seasonC. AsiaD. usual5. museumA. subjectB. trueC. hugeD. busy第二节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

6.–Will you be able to finish your report today? –_______.A. I like itB. I hope soC. I’ll do soD. I’d love it 7．We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, _______.A. do youB. can weC. will youD. shall we8．Y our story is perfect; I’ve never heard _______ before.A. the better oneB. the best oneC. a better oneD. a good one 9．It was not until she got home _______ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. before10.We hope that as many people as-possible _______ join us for the picnic tomorrow.A. needB. mustC. shouldD. can11.It is no _______ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.A. useB. helpC. timeD. way12.John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he _______ for the wedding.A. will planB. has plannedC. would planD. had planned13.We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, _______, in fact, there were 40.A. whileB. whetherC. whatD. which14.–Did you take enough money with you? –No, I needed _______ I thought I would.A. not so much asB. as much asC. much more thanD. much less than15.Mary wanted to travel around the world all by herself, but her parents did not _______ her todo so.A. forbidB. allowC. followD. ask16.–What did your parents think about your decision?–They always let me do _______ I think I should.A. whenB. thatC. howD. what17.We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _______ that all children like these things.A. thinkingB. thinkC. to thinkD. thought18.There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldn’t get ______.A. betweenB. throughC. acrossD. beyond19.I know you don’t like _______ music very much. But what do you think of _______ music in the film we saw yesterday?A. /; /B. the; theC. the; /D. /; the20.As you can see, the number of cars on roads _______ rising these days.A. we keepingB. keepC. keepsD. were keeping 第三节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I U se of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population.1 homelessness has reached such proportions that local governments can’t possibly 2. To help homeless people 3 independence, the federal government must support job training programs, 4 the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing.5 everyone agrees on the number of Americans who are homeless. Estimates6 anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million.7 the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is 8. One of the federal government’s studies 9 thatthe number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade.Finding ways to 10 this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult. 11 when homeless individuals manage to find a 12 that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day 13 thestreet. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have seriousmental disorders. Many others, 14 not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday 15 skills needed to turn their lives16. Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation willimprove only when there are 17 programs that address the many needs of the homeless. 18 Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, 19 it, “There has to be 20 of programs. What’s needed is a package deal.”1. [A] Indeed[B] Likewise[C] Therefore[D] Furthermore2. [A] stand[B] cope[C] approve[D] retain3. [A] in[B] for[C] with[D] toward4. [A] raise[B] add[C] take[D] keep5. [A] generally[B] almost[C] hardly[D] not6. [A] cover[B] change[C] range[D] differ7. [A] Now that[B] Although[C] Provided[D] Except that8. [A] inflating[B] expanding[C] increasing[D] extending9. [A] predicts[B] displays[C] proves[D] discovers10. [A] assist[B] track[C] sustain[D] dismiss11. [A] Hence[B] But[C] Even[D] Only12. [A] lodging[B] shelter[C] dwelling[D] house13. [A] searching[B] strolling[C] crowding[D] wandering14. [A] when[B] once[C] while[D] whereas15. [A] life[B] existence[C] survival[D] maintenance16. [A] around[B] over[C] on[D] up17. [A] complex[B] comprehensive[C] complementary[D] compensating18. [A] So[B] Since[C] As[D] Thus19. [A] puts[B] interprets[C] assumes[D] makes20. [A] supervision[B] manipulation[C] regulation[D] coordinationSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C], or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of deference” characteristic of popular culture. People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered “vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite,” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act.” The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented levels nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation -- language, home ownership and intermarriage.The 1990 Census revealed that “a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English ‘well’or ‘very well’ after ten years of residence.” The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. “By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.”Hence the description of America as a “graveyard” for languages. By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics “have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S.-born whites and blacks.”By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians.Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.”Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.21. The word “homogenizing” (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means________.[A] identifying[B] associating[C] assimilating[D] monopolizing22. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century________.[A] played a role in the spread of popular culture[B] became intimate shops for common consumers[C] satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite[D] owed its emergence to the culture of consumption23. The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S. ________.[A] are resistant to homogenization[B] exert a great influence on American culture[C] are hardly a threat to the common culture[D] constitute the majority of the population24. Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned inParagraph 5?[A] To prove their popularity around the world.[B] To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants.[C] To give examples of successful immigrants.[D] To show the powerful influence of American culture.25. In the author’s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into Americansociety is ________.[A] rewarding[B] successful[C] fruitless[D] harmfulText 2Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry -- William Shakespeare -- but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus -- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side -- don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) -- lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.26. From the first two paragraphs, we learn that ________.[A] the townsfolk deny the RSC’s contribution to the town’s revenue[B] the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage[C] the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms[D] the townsfolk earn little from tourism27. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.[A] the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately[B] the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers[C] the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers[D] the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater28. By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally” (Line 2-3, Paragraph4), the author implies that ________.[A] Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects[B] Stratford has long been in financial difficulties[C] the town is not really short of money[D] the townsfolk used to be poorly paid29. According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because________.[A] ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending[B] the company is financially ill-managed[C] the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable[D] the theatre attendance is on the rise30. From the text we can conclude that the author ________.[A] is supportive of both sides[B] favors the townsfolk’s view[C] takes a detached attitude[D] is sympathetic to the RSCText 3When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomassof large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then.Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now.Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline.” The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business.31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that________.[A] large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment[B] small species survived as large animals disappeared[C] large sea animals may face the same threat today[D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones32. We can infer from Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that ________.[A] the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reducedby 90%[B] there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago[C] the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the originalamount[D] the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheriesthan in the old33. By saying "these figures are conservative" (Line 1, paragraph 3),Dr. Worm means that ________.[A] fishing technology has improved rapidly[B] the catch-sizes are actually smaller than recorded[C] the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss[D] the data collected so far are out of date34. Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that ________.[A] people should look for a baseline that can work for a longer time[B] fisheries should keep their yields below 50% of the biomass[C] the ocean biomass should be restored to its original level[D] people should adjust the fishing baseline to the changingsituation35. The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’________.[A] management efficiency[B] biomass level[C] catch-size limits[D] technological applicationText 4Many things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn’t always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere from the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil.You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery. But it’s not as if earlier times didn’t know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today.After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda -- to lure us to open our wallets -- they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. “Celebrate!”commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.But what we forget -- what our economy depends on us forgetting -- is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It’s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.36. By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the authorintends to show that ________.[A] poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music[B] art grows out of both positive and negative feelings[C] poets today are less skeptical of happiness[D] artists have changed their focus of interest37. The word “bummer”(Line 5, paragraph 5) most probably meanssomething ________.[A] religious[B] unpleasant[C] entertaining[D] commercial38. In the author’s opinion, advertising ________.[A] emerges in the wake of the anti-happy art[B] is a cause of disappointment for the general public[C] replaces the church as a major source of information[D] creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself39. We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes________.[A] happiness more often than not ends in sadness[B] the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshing[C] misery should be enjoyed rather than denied[D] the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms40. Which of the following is true of the text?[A] Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.[B] Art provides a balance between expectation and reality.[C] People feel disappointed at the realities of modern society.[D] Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered gaps. There are two extra choices, which you do not need to use in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)On the north bank of the Ohio river sits Evansville, Ind., home of David Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino (a place where gambling games are played). During several years of gambling in that casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, lost approximately $175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling.He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left. On his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a "Fun Card", which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the user’s gambling activities. For Williams, those activities become what he calls "electronic heroin".(41) ________. In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat docked at 5 a.m., then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m. Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem.In March 1998 a friend of Williams’s got him involuntarily confinedto a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams’s gambling problem. The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a “cease admissions”letter. Noting the medical/psychological nature of problem gambling behavior, the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.(42) ________.The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 24 signs warning: “Enjoy the fun... and always bet with your head, not over it.” Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless, Williams’s suit charges that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling,”intentionally worked to “lure” him to “engage in conduct against his will.” Well.(43) ________.The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says “pathological gambling” involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of thrill of taking risks in quest of a windfall.(44) ________. Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.(45) ________.Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on -- you might say addicted to -- revenues from wagering. And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition for gamblers’ dollars has become intense. The Oct. 28 issue of Newsweek reported that 2 million gamblers patronize 1,800 virtual casinos every week. With $3.5 billion being lost on Internet wagers this year, gambling has passed pornography as the Web’s most profitable business.[A] Although no such evidence was presented, the casino’s marketingdepartment continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected.[B]It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior.And in what sense was his will operative?[C] By the time he had lost $5,000 he said to himself that if he couldget back to even, he would quit. One night he won $5,500, but he did not quit.[D] Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but fora long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease.Now it is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is the government.[E] David Williams’s suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don’t bet on it.[F] It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioralproblems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will.[G] The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling isespecially conducive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how to move against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so?Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckberger told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected America. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not America, who have become anti-intellectual.First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? 46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic (苏格拉底) way about moral problems. He explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. 47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals -- the average scientist, for one. 48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the everyday performance of his routine duties -- he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufactureevidence, or doctor his reports. 49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. During most of his waking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.The definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. 50) They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. This description even fits the majority of eminent scholars. Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing, living in "public and illustrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say, is something else.Section III WritingPart A51. DirectionsYou want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should1. describe the photos briefly,2. interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and3. give your point of view.You should write 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)有两幅图片，图1 把崇拜写在脸上；图2 花300元做“小贝头”注：Beckham是英国足球明星有两张照片，一张照片上有一位男士脸上写着足球明星的名字，另一张照片上有一个男子在理发，他要求理发师为他设计一个小贝克汉姆的发型。

2006年考研英语试题及答案Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,Cor D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points) The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population.__1__ homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can’t possibly _____2____. To help homeless people _____3___ independence, the federal government must support job training programs,_____4_____ the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing._____5____everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless. Estimates ____6__ anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. _____7__ the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is_____8____, one of the federal government’s studies _____9__ that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade. Finding ways to __10__ this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult.___11__when homeless individuals manage to find a ___12__ that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day__13__ the street, Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others,____14____not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday __15__ skills need to turn their lives _____16__.Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are_17___programs that address the many needs of the homeless. _____18__ Edward Blotkowsk, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts,___19__it. “There has to be _____20___of programs. What we need is a package deal.” 1.[A]Indeed [B]Likewise [C]Therefore [D]Furthermore 2.[A]stand [B]cope [C]approve [D]retain 3.[A]in [B]for [C]with [D]toward 4.[A]raise [B]add [C]take [D]keep 5.[A]generally [B]almost [C]hardly [D]not 6.[A]cover [B]change [C]range [D]differ 7.[A]Now that [B]Although [C]Provided [D]Except that 8.[A]inflating [B]expanding [C]increasing [D]extending 9.[A]predicts [B]displays [C]proves [D]discovers 10.[A]assist [B]track [C]sustain [D]dismiss 11.[A]Hence [B]But [C]Even [D]Only 12.[A]lodging [B]shelter [C]dwelling [D]house 13.[A]searching [B]strolling [C]crowding [D]wandering 14.[A]when [B]once [C]while [D]whereas 15.[A]life [B]existence [C]survival [D]maintenance 16.[A]around [B]over [C]on [D]up 17.[A]complex [B]comprehensive [C]complementary [D]compensating 18.[A]So [B]Since [C]As [D]Thus 19.[A]puts [B]interprets [C]assumes [D]makes 20.[A]supervision [B]manipulation [C]regulation [D]coordinationSection II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B,C, or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points) Text 1 In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. This is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of consumption “launched by the 19th –century department stores that offered ‘vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite.” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act.” The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization. Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation------language, home ownership and intermarriage. The 1990 Census revealed that “a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English “well” or “very well” after ten years of residence.” The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. “By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.” Hence the description of America as a graveyard” for language. By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrive before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans. Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics “have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S-born whites and blacks.” By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians. Rodriguez not that children in remote villages around world are fans of superstars like Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrant living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.” Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social induces suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment. 21. The word “homogenizing” (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably meansA. identifyingB. associatingC. assimilatingD. monopolizing 22. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century A.played a role in the spread of popular culture. B.became intimate shops for common consumers. C.satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite. D.owed its emergence to the culture of consumption. 23. The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S. A.are resistant to homogenization. B.exert a great influence on American culture. C.are hardly a threat to the common culture. D.constitute the majority of the population. 24. Why are Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5? A. To prove their popularity around the world. B. To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants. C. To give examples of successful immigrants. D. To show the powerful influence of American culture. 25. In the author’s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into American society isA. rewardingB. successfulC. fruitlessD. harmful Text 2 Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry—William Shakespeare—but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (ASC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights. The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making. The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side—don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the ESC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall. The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive. Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low. It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over)---lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing—room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to themwhen the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.Text 3 When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans. That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then. Dr Worm acknowledges that the figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today's vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now. Dr Myers and Dr Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the "shifting baseline". The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business. 31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that A. large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment. B. small species survived as large animals disappeared. C. large sea animals may face the same threat today. D. Slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones 32. We can infer from Dr Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that A. the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by 90%. B. there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago. C. the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the original amount. D. the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old. 33. By saying these figures are conservative (Line 1, paragraph 3), Dr Worm means that A. fishing technology has improved rapidly B. then catch-sizes are actually smaller then recorded C. the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss D. the data collected so far are out of date. 34. Dr Myers and other researchers hold that A. people should look for a baseline that can’t work for a longer time. B. fisheries should keep the yield below 50% of the biomass C. the ocean biomass should restored its original level. D. people should adjust the fishing baseline to changing situation 35. The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’ A.management efficiency B.biomass level C.catch-size limits D.technological application. Text 4 Many things make people think artists are weird and the weirdest may be this: artists' only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad. This wasn't always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere in the 19th century, more artists began seeing happiness as insipid, phony or, worst of all, boring as we went from Wordsworth's daffodils to Baudelaire's flowers of evil. You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen such misery. But it's not as if earlier times didn't know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today. After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology. People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in peril and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too. Today the messages your average Westerner is bombarded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda--to lure us to open our wallets to make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. "Celebrate!" commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks. What we forget--what our economy depends on is forgetting--is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need someone to tell us as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It's a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air. 36.By citing the example of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intends to show that A. Poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music. B. Art grow out of both positive and negative feeling. C. Poets today are less skeptical of happiness. D. Artist have changed their focus of interest. 37. The word “bummer” (Line 5. paragraph 5) most probably means somethingA. religiousB. unpleasantC. entertainingD. commercial 38.In the author’s opinion, advertising A.emerges in the wake of the anti-happy part. B.is a cause of disappointment for the general peer C.replace the church as a major source of information D.creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself. 39.We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes A.Happiness more often than not ends in sadness. B.The anti-happy art is distasteful by refreshing. C.Misery should be enjoyed rather than denied. D.The anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms 40.Which of the following is true of the text? A.Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery. B.Art provides a balance between expectation and reality. C.People feel disappointed at the realities of morality. D.mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.Part B Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A- G to fit into each of numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) On the north bank of the Ohio River sits Evansville, Ind., home of David Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino where gambling games are played. During several years of gambling in that casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, lost approximately $175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling. He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left. On his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a Fun Card, which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the user's gambling activities. For Williams, these activities become what he calls electronic morphine. (41)______________. In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat locked at 5 a.m., then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m. Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem. In March 1998, a friend of Williams's got him involuntarily confined to a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams's gamblers. The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a” cease admissions” letter notingthe medical/psychological nature of problem gambling behaviors, the letter said that before being readmitted to the patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety have to his safety or well-being. (42) ______________. The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 20 signs warning: “Enjoy the fun ... and always bet with your head, not over it”. Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless, Williams's suit charges that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling”, intentionally worked to ”love” him to “engage in conduct against his will” well. (43) ______________. The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) says “pathological gambling” involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of taking risks in quest of a windfall, (44) ______________.Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities. (45) ______________. Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on --you might say --addicted to--revenues from wagering. And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition for gamblers' dollars has become intense. The Oct. 28 issue of NEWSWEEK reported that 2 million gamblers patronize 1,800 virtual casinos every week. With $3.5 billion being lost on Internet wagers this year, gambling has passed pornography as the Web's most profitable business. (A). Although no such evidence was presented, the casino's marketing department continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected. (B). It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior. And in what sense was his will operative? (C). By the time he had lost $5,000 he said to himself that if he could get back to even, he would quit. One night he won $5,500, but he did not quit. (D). Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but for a long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease. Now it is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is government. (E). David Williams’s suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don’t bet on it. (F). It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will. (G). The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling is especially conductive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how to move against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so? Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Our translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 points) Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society?I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected Americans. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not Americans, who have become anti-intellectual. First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? (46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic(苏格拉底) way about moral problems .He explores such problem consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. (47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision. This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals --- the average scientist for one 48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties.--- he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. (49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. During most of his walking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics. The definition also excludes the majority of factors, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living (50) They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment .This description even fits the majority eminent scholars .“Being learned in some branch of human knowledge in one thing, living in public and industrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say ,“is something else.”Section III Writing Part A 51. Directions: You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan. Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your name at the end of the letter; use Li Ming instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points) Part B 52. Directions: Study the following photos carefully and write an essay of 160~200 words in which you should 1.describe the photos briefly, 2.interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and 3.give your point of view. 有两幅图片，图1 把崇拜写在脸上图2 花300元做“小贝头” 注：Beckham 是英国足球明星 有两张照片，一张照片上有一位男士脸上写着足球明星的名字，另一张照片上有一个男子在理发，他要求理发师为他设计一个小贝克汉姆的发型。

河南专升本网提供下载2006 年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试公共英语试卷Part I Word Formation (10 points)Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements in this part. Youshould fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word,and write the right answer in the brackets “【 】” .【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 】1.She was engaged in an (argue) ______with Roberts about equal payfor men and women.】2. These methods are (effect) ______ in English teaching.】3.The professor has a large (collect) _____ of books.】4. If you read the paper (care) ____, I am sure you will pass the exam.】5.The (excite) _____ crowd rushed into the mayor ’s o ffice.】6. I don ’t think it wi se to teach students of different (able) _____ in thesame class.】7.The whole world looks upon the rapid (economy) _____ developmentof our country as a great wonder.】8. It is (scientific) _____ to think that science can solve all the problemsfor human beings.】9. Many television viewers take him as their (favor) _____ actor.】10. After he finished the assignment, he found some (addition) _____exercises to do.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (40 points)Directions: In this part there are 40 incomplete sentences. For eachsentence there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D].Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and writethe choice in the brackets “【 】”.【 】11. The departure time of the plane has been postponed, so we have nothing to donow but _____.公共英语试卷 第 1 页 （共 15 页）河南专升本网[A] wait [B] to be waiting提供下载[C] to wait [D] waiting【】12. I couldn’t understand why he pretended _____ in the g ar den.[A] not to see me[B] not see me [C] to see me not[D] to see not me【】13. Only when we came back home, _____ that my watch was missing.[A] did I find[B] I found [C] I had found[D] Had I found【】14. _____ more time, the scientists will be able to work out a good solution to the problem.[A] Given [B] Giving [C] To give [D] Be given【】15. Some of the apples were rotten before reaching the market and _____ away.[A] could be thrown[B] had to be thrown [C] could throw[D] had to throw【】16._____ in Beijing for more than twenty years, he knows the city very well.[A] Living [B] Lived [C] Having lived [D] To live 【】17. Mr. Zhang, _____ came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of my father’s.[A] which [B] that [C] who [D] whom【】18. We plan to increase the output of the machine _____ 7.4 percent this year.[A] at [B] in [C] by [D] with【】19. I don’t mind _____ out for a walk in such bad weather.[A] go [B] to go [C]going【】20. As a lawyer he spent a lot of time _____ investigations.[A] conducted [C]conduct[B] to conduct [D]conducting[D] gone【】21. The new invention is to make our daily life easier, _____ it more difficult.[A] not to make[B] not make [C] not making[D] do not make【】22. _____, the old man had a sharp ear for even the slightest sound.[A] As he was blind[B] As blind as he was [C] Blind as he was[D] As he was just blind【】23. I _____ a little earlier, but I met a friend of mine on the way.[A] should arrive[B] would be arriving [C] could have arrived[D] arrived【】24. The news _____ our football team had won the match excited all of us.[A] what [B] which [C] that [D] as【】25. Henry looked very much _____ when he was caught cheating in the exam.[A] discouraged [B] embarrassed [C] disappointed [D] pleased 【】26. We are interested in the weather because it _____ us so directly.[A] benefits [B] affects [C] guides [D] effects【】27. Janet, _____ was read by the teacher, is a top student in our class.[A] the composition of hers[B] the composition of whom [C] her composition[D] whose composition【】28. Hardly had he entered the classroom _____ the bell rang.[A] than [B] then [C]when【】29. I would rather you _____ to the party with her.[D] so[A] go [B] went [C] will go [D] has gone 【】30. His English was so poor that he found it difficult to make himself _____.[A] understood[B] understand [C] be understood[D] to understand【】31. The sun heats the earth, _____ makes it possible for plants to grow.[A] that [B] where [C] which [D] what 【】32. Little _____ that the police are about to arrest him.[A] does he know[B] he knows [C] he doesn’t know[D] he didn’t know【】33. It’s high time we _____ something to stop road accidents.[A] are doing [B] did [C]will do【】34. This is the best novel _____ I have ever read.[D] do[A] which [B] where [C] that [D] what 【】35. It’s necessary that the problem _____ in some way or other.[A] is settled[B] has been settled [C] be settled[D] was settled【】36. _____ you say, I am sure that the young man is innocent.[A] Whatever[B] Whoever [C] However[D] Wherever【】37. Staying in a hotel costs _____ renting a room in an apartment for a week.[A] twice as more as[B] as more twice as [C] twice as much as[D] as much twice as【】38. John puts up his hand _____ the teacher asks a question.[A] every time [B] in time [C] sometime[D] at times【】39. When you are free this afternoon, please help me to have these letters _____.[A] to mail [B] mail [C] mailed [D] mailing【】40. I wish you _____ here last night. All of us were waiting for your arrival.[A] came[B] had come [C] come[D] will come【】41. By the time you arrive in London, we _____ in Europe for two weeks.[A] shall stay[B] will have stayed [C] have stayed[D] have been staying【】42. I didn’t see him at the meeting yesterday afternoon. He _____ it.[A] mustn ’t attend [B] can ’t have attended[C] wouldn ’t have attended[D] needn ’t have attended【 】43.I think there ’s no comparison between the two cars, one _____ clearly far betterthan the other.[A] being [B] was [C] having been [D] be【 】44. Many of his novels are reported _____ into several foreign languages last year.[A] to be translated [B] to translate [C] being translated[D] to have been translated【 】45. Mary said it was _____ box for me to carry.[A] a too heavy [B] too a heavy [C] too heavy a[D] too heavy【 】46. The children are required not to leave the building unless _____ to do so.[A] being told [B] they will be told [C] be told[D] told【 】47. I ’ve never seen the young man _____ next to the director. [A] sits [B] sat [C] sitting【 】48. We object _____ carrying out the plan.[D] to sit[A] for [B] to be [C] about [D] to【 】49. Shanghai has experienced such great changes that everyone can recognize that itis no longer _____.[A] what it used to [B] that it used to like [C] the same it used to be[D] what it used to be【 】50. He bought a new mobile phone last Sunday, because his old one _____.[B] had been stolen [C] was stolen [D] stolenPassage OnePart III Reading Comprehension (40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and write it in the brackets “【 】”. Who takes care of the elderly in the United States today? The fact is that family members provide over 80% of the care that elderly people need. In most cases the elderlylive in their own homes. A very small percentage of America ’s elderly live in nursing homes.Samuel Preston, a sociologist at the University of Pennsylvania, studied how the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the average American couplereaches about 40 years of age, their parents are usually still alive. The statistics show thechange in lifestyles and responsibilities of aging （老龄化）Am ericans. The average公共英语试卷 第 4 页 （共 15 页）middle-aged couple can look forward to caring for elderly parents sometime after theirown children have grown up. Moreover, because people today live longer after an illnessthan people did years ago, family members must provide long-term care. These facts alsomean that after caregivers provide for their elderly parents, who will eventually die, theywill be old and may require care too. When they do, their spouses (配偶) will probablytake care of them because they have had fewer children than their parents did.Because Americans are living longer than ever, more social workers have begun tostudy ways of caregiving to improve the care of the elderly. They have found that all caregivers share a common characteristic: They believe that they are the best people forthe job. The social workers have also discovered three basic reasons why the caregiverstake on the responsibility of caring for an elderly, dependent relative. Many caregivers believe they had an obligation（职责）to help their relatives. Some think that helping others makes them feel more useful. Others hope that by helping someone now, they willdeserve care when they become old and dependent.【】51.Samuel Preston’s study shows that __________.[A] lifestyles and responsibilities of the elderly are not changing[B] most American couples over 40 have no living parents[C] middle-aged Americans have to take care of their children and parents at thesame time[D] elderly people may need care for a long time because they live longer after anillness【】52. Who will most probably take care of the middle-aged Americans when theyneed care themselves?[A] They themselves.[B] Their close friends. [C] Their children.[D] Their husbands or wives.【】53.All caregivers believe that they can __________.[A] care for their elderly parents better than any other people[B] keep closer to their old parents by this means[C] do much better if they have a job as social workers[D] improve the care of the elderly with the help of the social workers【】54.Which of the following is NOT a reason why people look after their relatives?[A] They feel they are of use to other people.[B] They want to set an example to their children.[C] They think it is their duty to help their relatives.[D] They hope they deserve care when they need it.【】55.What is the main idea of the passage?[A] Most old people live longer today after an illness than people did years ago.[B] Many old people are put into nursing homes by their families, who do notvisit them regularly.公共英语试卷第 5 页（共15 页）[C] Most elderly people are taken care of by their families, who assume theresponsibility for different reasons.[D] Most elderly people are satisfied with the better ways of caregiving that socialworkers have come up with.Passage TwoI once knew a young man, nineteen years of age, who lived with absolute outward(外表的) confidence and self-possession for a number of years before I discovered that hecould not read or write. His various methods of trick, which were also skills of self-protection, were so skillful and so desperate (绝望) that neither I nor any of his otheradult friends were aware of his entire helplessness in face of written words until we wentto dinner one night at a local restaurant—an d suddenly discovered that he could not read.Even here, it was not the first time we went out to eat, but something like the secondor third, that Peter’s desperation shocked me. The first time, he was clever enough to cover the truth. He studied the menu for a moment, then looked up to the waitress andasked her if he could have “just a coke and a hamburger”. He told me later that he haddone the same thing many times before and that he had learned to act as if he wereexamining the menu: “Then I ask for a coke and a hamburger… Sometimes they give mea hamburger on a plate with salad and potatoes…Then I ask them for a roll and make myown hamburger.”As we began to go out to eat more frequently, Peter would ask to go to Howard Johnson’s. I soon discovered the r e ason for his choice: The photographs, attached in cellophane (玻璃纸) containers to each of the standard items on the menu, could help himnot to struggle with the shape of words at all. Howard Johnson’s, whether intentionally ornot, had provided the perfect escape for the endangered pride of an adult who was illiterate (文盲).【】56.When he went to a restaurant, Peter would __________.[A] pretend that he could not read or write[B] pretend to be studying the menu[C] be desperate for help from other people[D] protect himself by playing a musical instrument【】57.The young man was not found to be illiterate until __________.[A] he dined out with his adult friends at Howard Johnson’s[B] he could no longer come up with various ways of deception[C] he had dinner with his friends at a certain local restaurant for the second orthird time[D] he was not careful enough to be aware of his entire helplessness in face ofwritten words【】58.What did the young man usually have at a restaurant?[A] Standard items on the menu. [C] Foods that other people ordered.公共英语试卷第 6 页（共15 页）[B] A hamburger made by himself. [D] A coke and a hamburger. 【】59.The word “self-possession” (Para.1) probably means __________.[A] self-confidence[B] self-consciousness [C] self-discipline[D] self-devotion【】60.Why did the young man like to go to Howard Johnson’s?[A] Howard Johnson’s provided a perfect escape when anything dangerousshould happen.[B] The menu at Howard Johnson’s gave a clear introduction of the food itserved.[C] The photographs attached to the main items on the menu helped conceal hisilliteracy.[D] He would feel at ease because eaters at Howard Johnson’s were all adultnon-readers.Passage ThreeAfter practicing as a surgeon for several years, Dr. Ginoux decided to apply for membership in the American College of Surgeons (美国外科医生学会), a highly selectiveand distinguished (著名的) professional organization.As part of the application procedure (手续), Dr. Ginoux was asked to prepare a list ofall the operations performed in the previous even years. Slowly, as she worked on the longlist, she began to feel uncertain. She began to question some of her decisions. Had she usedthe best technique in that case? Maybe, in this case, she should have given one more test before operating? On the other hand, maybe she should have…Would th e doctors on the selection committee understand that, as the only trained surgeon in the area, she usually could not get advice from others and therefore, had to rely completely on her own judgment?For the first time, Dr. Ginoux felt lonely and isolated.The longer Dr. Ginoux worked on the application forms, the more depressed she became. As hope faded, she wondered if a “country doctor”had a realistic chance of beingaccepted by the American College of Surgeons.【】61.Dr. Ginoux was working in _______.[A] a large city [C] an area far from any big city[B] the American College of Surgeons [D] a selective organization【】62.It was most probable that Dr. Ginoux was ________.[A] a member in that organization[B] a well-trained surgeon[C] a graduate from American College of Surgeons[D] a distinguished surgeon in America【】63.When she was filling the application forms, Dr. Ginoux began to be _______.[A] realistic [B] depressed [C] puzzled [D] decisive【】64.The application forms must include________.公共英语试卷第7 页（共15 页）[A] the decision procedure[B] the college achievements [C] the best technique[D] a list of advice and judgments【】65.When filling the forms, Dr. Ginoux felt depressed because________.[A] she didn’t perform enough operations[B] some operations were unsuccessful[C] she didn’t get advice from the selection committee[D] she was doubtful about her previous operationsPassage FourAre some people born clever and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed byour environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes.To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special educationcan make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child wholives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in richand varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, whetheror not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by mostexperts, can be supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. Thecloser the blood relationship between two people is, the closer they are likely to be inintelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likelythat their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we taketwo identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearlysuggests that intelligence depend on birth.Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments.We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work isboring. We would soon find differences in their intelligence developing, and this indicatesthat environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the factthat people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likelyto have similar degree of intelligence.【】66.If a child is born with low intelligence, he can ________.[A] not reach his intelligence in his life[B] go beyond his intelligence limits in rich surroundings[C] still become a genius if he should be given special education[D] become a genius【】67.“If we take two unrelated people at random from the population” (Para. 2 ) means if we ________ .[A] choose two persons with different intelligence[B] choose two persons who are relative[C] take out two persons of close relationship公共英语试卷第8 页（共15 页）[D] pick any two persons【 】68.The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately shows________ .[A] the part that birth plays[B] the importance of their positions[C] the role of environment on intelligence[D] the importance of their intelligence【 】69.The writer is in favor of the view that man ’s intelligence is given to him________ .[A] neither at birth nor through education [C] through education[B] both at birth and through education [D] at birth【 】70.The best title of this passage can be ________ .[A] Effect of Education [B] Dependence on EnvironmentPart IV Cloze (20[C] Intelligence[D] SurroundingsDirections: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For eachblank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Youshould choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and write thecorresponding letter in the brackets “【 】”. Earthquakes are something that most people fear. There are some places that have 71 or no earthquakes. Most places in the world, 72, have them regularly. Some places, 73 Iran andGuatemala have them frequently. Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite 74.The earthquake that the people most 75 about in the United States was the one happening in San Francisco in 1906. Over 500 people died 76 it. The strongest one in NorthAmerica was in 1964. It happened in Alaska.Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill 77. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever 78 happened in Portugal. Around 20,000 people died.In 1923, a very powerful earthquake 79 the Tokyo-Yokohama area of Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died. Most of them died in fires which 80 the earthquake.One of the 81 earthquakes ever was in China in 1976. It killed 82 people. The most destructive （破坏性的） earthquake ever reported was also in China. 400,000 people were killed or 83 in this quake, which happened in 1556.Earthquakes are 84 which people fear. Floods and tidal waves also cause people to be 85, as 86 like typhoons and cyclones （飓风）. Sometimes these things cause lots of deaths. In1970, a cyclone and tidal wave killed over 200,000 in Pakistan.These kinds of things make people afraid and they are very dangerous. But they公共英语试卷 第 9 页 （共 15 页）probably do not worry people 87 earthquakes do, especially in these modern times. The reason is 88 we often know they are coming, because we have some 89 . Some day we maybe able to know an earthquake is coming. So far, however, there is no sure way to 90 an earthquake. When one comes, it is a surprise. People cannot prepare for it.【 】71.[A] less [B] much [C] few [D] little【 】72. [A] therefore [B] however [C] for that reason [D] likewise【 】73.[A] so far as [B] as [C] except for [D] like【 】74.[A] mysterious [B] portable [C] mountainous [D] movable【 】75.[A] talking 【 】76.[A] in 【 】77. [A] most [B] talks [B] over [C] talked [C] of [C] most the people[D] talk[D] for[B] the majority [D] the most people【 】78.[A] broken out 【 】79.[A] hindered [B] exploded [B] imposed [C] recorded [C] happened [D] brought about[D] hit【 】80.[A] participated [B] invested [C] followed [D]pursued【 】81. [A] maximum [B] worst [C] heaviest [D] mature【 】82.[A] a large sum of [B] a great deal of [C] a large number of[D] a large amount of【 】83.[A] damaged [B] injured [C] harmed [D] wrecked【 】84.[A] not only the acts of nature [B] not only the nature of acts [C] not only acts of the nature[D] not the only acts of nature【 】85.[A] feared [B] surprised [C] confused [D] afraid【 】86.[A] the bad storm did [B] do the bad storms [C] the storms did badly[D] the bad storms do【 】87.[A] as many as [B] as much as [C] so many as [D] as more as【 】88. [A] because 【 】89.[A] warnings [B] why [B] clues [C] that [C] symbols [D] whether[D] evidences【 】90.[A] advocate [B] proclaim [C] put forward [D] predictPart V Translation (20 points)Section ADirections: There are 5 sentences in this section. Please translatethem from Chinese into English.91. 就是在这间小屋里，他们勤奋地工作着。

2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(江苏卷)第一卷(选择题共115分)第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标志在试卷的相庆位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15B. ￡9.15C. ￡9.18l. How much will the man pay for the tickets?A. ￡7.5.B. ￡15.C. ￡50.2. Which is the right sate for the man's flight?A. Gate 16.B. Gate 22.C. Gate 25.3. How does the man feel about going to school by bike?A. Happy.B. Tired. c. Worried.4. When can the woman get the computers?A. On Tuesday.B. On Wednesday.C. On Thursday.5. What does the woman think of the shirt for the party?A. The size is not large enough.B. The material is not good.C. The color is not suitable. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

2006年北京市面向应届毕业生公开招考公务员考试行政职业能力测验试卷第一部分 数量关系（共25题，参考时限20分钟）一、数字推理（本部分包括两种类型的题目，共10题。

）（一）每题给你一个数列，但其中缺少一项，要求你仔细观察数列的排列规律，然后从四个供选择的选项中选出你认为最合理的一项，来填补空缺项。

1.-1，0，27，（ ）。

A. 64B. 91C. 256D. 5122.3,2,8，12，28，（ ）。

A. 15B. 32C. 27D. 523.7，10，16，22，（ ）。

A. 28B. 32C. 34D. 45 4.153，31，73，21，（ ）。

A. 85 B. 94 C. 2715 D. -35.3，-1，5，1，（ ）。

A. 3B. 7C. 25D. 64（二）每题图形中的数字都包含一定的规律，请你总结前两个图形中数字的规律，从四个选项中选出你认为问号应该代表的数字。

【例题】A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4【答案】 C【解析】 正确答案是3，根据前两个图形，可以看出规律为：1+3＝2+2；2+4＝3+3；因此，x+5＝4+4，x ＝3。

所以答案为C 。

请开始答题： 6.A. 5B. 10C. 15D. 257.A. 2B. 4C. 5D. 7 8.A. 21B. 42C. 36D. 57 9.A. 36B. 30C. 25D. 17 10.A. 15B. 14C. 11D. 9二、数学运算。

你可以在题本上运算，遇到难题，你可以跳过不做，待你有时间再返回来做，本部分包括15题。

11. 计算19961997×19971996-19961996×19971997的值是（ ）。

A. 0B. 1C. 10000D. 10012. 二十几个小朋友围成一圈，按顺时针方向一圈一圈地连续报数。

如果报2和200的是同一个人，那么共有（ ）个小朋友。

A. 22B. 24C. 27D. 2813. 有一个数，除以3余数是2，除以4余数是1。

2006 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题2006 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blankand mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’ s population.大1家 homelessness has reached such proportions that local governments can’ t possibly大2家. To help homeless people大3家independence,the federal government must support job training programs,大4家theminimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing.大5家 everyone agrees on the number of Americans who are homeless.Estimates大 6家 anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million.大 7家 the figuremay vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of thehomeless is大 8家 . Oneof the federal government ’s studies大9家 thatthe number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end ofthis decade.Finding ways to大 10家 this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult.大11家 when homeless individuals manage tofind a 大12家 that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleepat night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day大13家 thestreet. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addictedto alcohol or drugs.And a significant number of the homeless have seriousmental disorders. Many others,大14家 not addicted or mentally ill,simply lack the everyday大15家 skills needed to turn their lives大16家 . Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation willimprove only when there are 大17家 programsthat address the manyneeds2006 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题of the homeless.大18家Edward Zlotkowski,director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts,大19家it,“There has to be大20家of programs. What’s needed is a package deal.”1.[A] Indeed[B]Likewise[C]Therefore[D]Furthermore2.[A] stand[B]cope[C]approve[D]retain3.[A] in[B]for[C]with[D]toward4.[A] raise[B]add[C]take[D]keep5.[A] generally[B]almost[C]hardly[D]not6.[A] cover[B]change[C]range[D]differ7.[A] Now that[B]Although[C]Provided[D]Except that8.[A] inflating[B]expanding[C]increasing[D]extending9.[A] predicts[B]displays[C]proves[D]discovers10.[A] assist[B]track[C]sustain[D]dismiss11.[A] Hence[B]But[C]Even[D]Only12.[A] lodging[B]shelter[C]dwelling[D]house13.[A] searching[B]strolling[C]crowding[D]wandering14.[A] when[B]once[C]while[D]whereas15.[A] life[B]existence[C]survival[D]maintenance16.[A] around[B]over[C]on[D]up17.[A] complex[B]comprehensive[C]complementary[D]compensating18.[A] So[B]Since[C]As[D]Thus19.[A] puts[B]interprets[C]assumes[D]makes20.[A] supervision[B]manipulation[C]regulation[D]coordinationSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text bychoosing [A], [B], [C], or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWERSHEET1 . (40 points)Text 1第4页共18页In spite of“ endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is“the democratizinguniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence ofdeference ” characteristic of popular culture. People are absorbed into“ a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-century departmentstores that offered“ vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere.Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite,” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. Thisturned shopping into a public and democratic act.” The mass media,advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for theNational Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’ s immigration is neither at unprecedented levels nor resistant toassimilation.In1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population;in1900,13.6 percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived forevery 1,000 residents;in the10 years prior to1890, 9.2 for every 1,000.Now, consider three indices of assimilation--language, homeownershipand intermarriage.The 1990 Census revealed that“a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English‘ well’or ‘very well ’after ten years of residence.”The children of immigrantstend to be bilingual and proficient in English.“By the third generation,the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.”Hence the description of America as a“ graveyard” for languages. By1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a homeownership rate of75.6percent,higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics“ have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S.-born whites and blacks. ” By the thirdgeneration, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics,and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians.Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks,yet“ some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United Statesremain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.”Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America? Indeed.It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularlywhen viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social indiceshardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.21. The word “homogenizing ” (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means________.[A]identifying[B]associating[C]assimilating[D]monopolizing22.According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century________.[A]played a role in the spread of popular culture[B]became intimate shops for common consumers[C]satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite[D]owed its emergence to the culture of consumption23.The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S. ________.[A]are resistant to homogenization[B]exert a great influence on American culture[C]are hardly a threat to the common culture[D]constitute the majority of the population24.Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5?[A]To prove their popularity around the world.[B] To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants.[C]To give examples of successful immigrants.[D]To show the powerful influence of American culture.25.In the author ’s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into American society is________.[A]rewarding[B]successful[C]fruitless[D]harmfulText 2Stratford-on-Avon,as we all know, has only one industry -- William Shakespeare -- but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), whichpresents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare MemorialTheatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live offthe tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’第6页共18页s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’ s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciouslyironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living,was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers whocome by bus -- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palaceon the side -- don ’ t usually see the plays, and some of them are evensurprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers domanage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is theplaygoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town ’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouringcash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk don ’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company.Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in townseems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.Anyway, the townsfolk can ’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Companyneeds a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupiedall year long and this year they ’ ll do better.) The reason, of course, is thatcosts have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would driveaway the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele.They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to lookalike (though they come from all over) -- lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for thenight on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them whenthe box office opens at 10:30 a.m.26. From the first two paragraphs, we learn that ________.[A] the townsfolk deny the RSC’s contribution to the town’s revenue[B]the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage[C]the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms[D]the townsfolk earn little from tourism27. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.[A] the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately[B]the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers[C]the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers[D]the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater28. By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally”(Line2-3, Paragraph4), the author implies that ________.[A]Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects[B]Stratford has long been in financial difficulties[C]the town is not really short of money[D]the townsfolk used to be poorly paid29.According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because________.[A]ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending[B]the company is financially ill-managed[C]the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable[D]the theatre attendance is on the rise30.From the text we can conclude that the author ________.[A]is supportive of both sides[B] favors the townsfolk’s view[C]takes a detached attitude[D]is sympathetic to the RSCText 3When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, somethingstrange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct.Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just howfast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter)of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature , the biomassof large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a newfishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation.In somelong-fished areas,it has halved again since then.Dr.Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative.One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar,which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea isbeing caught,so the real difference between present and past is likelyto be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Someindividuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate offish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longlinefishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked.That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now.Dr. Myers and Dr. Wormargue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future managementefforts must take into account.They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists,that of the “ shifting baseline.” The notion is that people have failed to detect themassive changes which have happened in the ocean because they havebeen looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can becropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, whichis a bad way to do business.31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that________.[A]large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment[B]small species survived as large animals disappeared[C]large sea animals may face the same threat today[D]slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones32. We can infer from Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that ________.[A]the stock of large predators in some old fisheries hasreduced by 90%[B] there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago[C]the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of theoriginal amount[D]the number of larger predators dropped faster in newfisheries than in the old33.By saying "these figures are conservative" (Line 1, paragraph 3),Dr. Worm means that ________.[A]fishing technology has improved rapidly[B]the catch-sizes are actually smaller than recorded[C]the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss[D]the data collected so far are out of date34.Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that ________.[A] people should look for a baseline that can work for a longer time[B]fisheries should keep their yields below 50% of the biomass[C]the ocean biomass should be restored to its original level[D]people should adjust the fishing baseline to the changing situation35.The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries ’________.[A]management efficiency[B]biomass level[C]catch-size limits[D]technological applicationText 4Many things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdestmay be this: artists ’only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn’t always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewherefrom the19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring,as we went from Wordsworth ’s daffodilsto Baudelaire’s flowers of evil.You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery. But it ’ s not as if earlier times didn ’t know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today.After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, andwith it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just anideal but an ideology.People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery.They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. Inthe West, before mass communication and literacy,the most powerful mass medium was the church,which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, newsanchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling. Our magazinesfeature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. Andsince these messages have an agenda -- to lure us to open our wallets-- they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. “Celebrate! ” commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.But what we forget -- what our economy depends on us forgetting --is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things thatbring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness,we need art to tell us, as religion once did,Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It ’s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.36. By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the authorintends to show that ________.[A]poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music[B]art grows out of both positive and negative feelings[C]poets today are less skeptical of happiness[D]artists have changed their focus of interest37.The word “ bummer” (Line 5, paragraph 5) most probably means something________.[A]religious[B]unpleasant[C]entertaining[D]commercial38.In the author’ s opinion, advertising ________.[A]emerges in the wake of the anti-happy art[B]is a cause of disappointment for the general public[C]replaces the church as a major source of information[D]creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself39.We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes________.[A]happiness more often than not ends in sadness[B]the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshing[C]misery should be enjoyed rather than denied[D]the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms40.Which of the following is true of the text?[A]Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.[B]Art provides a balance between expectation and reality.[C]People feel disappointed at the realities of modern society.[D]Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.Part BDirections:In the following article,somesentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into eachof the numbered gaps. There are two extra choices, which you do not need to use in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)On the north bank of the Ohio river sits Evansville, Ind., home ofDavid Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino (a place where gamblinggames are played). During several years of gambling in that casino,Williams, a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, lost approximately$175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a couponfor $20 worth of gambling.He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left. On his second visithe lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a "Fun Card", which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, andenables the casino to track the user ’s gambling activities.For Williams, those activities become what he calls "electronic heroin".(41) ________. In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in twodays. In March 1997 he lost $72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat docked at 5 a.m., then went backaboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m. Now he is suing the casino,charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew hewas addicted. It did know he had a problem.In March 1998 a friend of Williams ’s got him involuntarily confinedto a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams ’ s gambling problem. The casino included a photo of Williamsamong those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a“cease admissions”letter. Noting the medical/psychological nature of problem gamblingbehavior, the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstratingthat patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.(42) ________.The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 24 signs warning:“ Enjoy the fun... and always bet with your head, not over it.” Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless,Williams’ s suit charges that the casino,knowing he was“ helplessly addicted to gambling,”intentionally worked to“ lure” him to“engage in conduct against his will.” Well.(43) ________.The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says “pathological gambling ” involves persistent,recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of thrill of taking risksin quest of a windfall.(44)________. Pushed by science, or what claims to be science,society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws ormoral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.(45)________.Forty-four states have lotteries,29 have casinos,and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on -- you might say addicted to-- revenues from wagering. And since the first Internet gambling sitewas created in 1995, competition for gamblers’ dollars has become intense. The Oct.28 issue of Newsweek 2 million gamblersreported thatpatronize1,800 virtual casinos every week. With $3.5 billion being lost on Internet wagers this year,gambling has passed pornography as the Web’s most profitable business.[A] Although no such evidence was presented, the casino’ s marketingdepartment continued to pepper him with mailings.And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected.[B]It is unclear what luring was required,given his compulsive behavior.And in what sense was his will operative?[C] By the time he had lost $5,000 he said to himself that if he couldget back to even, he would quit. One night he won $5,500, but he did not quit.[D] Gambling has been a commonfeature of American life forever, but fora long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease.Nowit is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter ofgambling in America is the government.[E] David Williams ’s suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don’t bet on it.[F] It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioralproblems, often defining as addictions what earlier,sterner generations explained as weakness of will.[G] The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling isespecially conducive to compulsive behavior.But even if the government knew how to move against Internet gambling, what wouldbe its grounds for doing so?Part CDirections:Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society?I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckberger told part of the story when he observed that it isthe intellectuals who have rejected America. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It isthey, not America, who have become anti-intellectual.First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is anintellectual? 46) I shall define him as an individual who has electedas his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in aSocratic( 苏格拉底 )way about moral problems.He explores such problems consciously,articulately,and frankly,first by asking factual questions,then by asking moral questions,finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained.47)His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner aspossible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to asintellectuals--the average scientist,for one.48)I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution ofmoral problems,he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the everyday performance of his routine duties--he is not supposed to cook his experiments,manufacture evidence,or doctor his reports.49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity,any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration ofrules of conduct in business. During most of his waking life he will take his codefor granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.The definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite thefact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. 50) They may teach very well and morethan earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment.This description even fits the majority of eminent scholars. Being learnedin some branch of human knowledge is one thing, living in "public andillustrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say, is something else.Section III WritingPart A51. DirectionsYou want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid toa child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned,asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kindof child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52.Directions:Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in whichyou should1.describe the photos briefly,2.interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and3.give your point of view.You should write 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2006 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题有两幅图片，图 1 把崇拜写在脸上；图 2 花 300 元做“小贝头”注：Beckham是英国足球明星有两张照片，一张照片上有一位男士脸上写着足球明星的名字，另一张照片上有一个男子在理发，他要求理发师为他设计一个小贝克汉姆的发型。

2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题天津卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）、第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）和第Ⅲ卷（选择题）三部分，共150分，考试用时120分钟。

第Ⅰ卷1至10页，第Ⅱ卷11至12页，第Ⅲ卷13至16页。

考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

祝各位考生考试顺利！第Ⅰ卷注意事项：答第Ⅰ卷时，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。

每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

本卷共55小题，共85分。

第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

例：Sound over there______ you’ll be able to see it better.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。

1.We had a picni c last term and it was a lot of fun, so let’s have______ one this month.A.the otherB.someC.anotherD.other2. The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain,______ the quality of life is probably one of the highest.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.while3.－Did Linda see the traffic accident?－No, no sooner______ impossible now does seem possible.A.had she goneB.she had goneC.has she goneD.she has gone4. What we used to think______ impossible now does seem possible.A.isB.wasC.has beenD.will be5. If you are traveling______ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.A.in whichB.whatC.whenD.where6. We want to rent a bus which can ___40___people for our trip to Beijing.A.loadB.holdC.fillD.support7. A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader m ust not be left _______.A.unsatisfiedB.unsatisfyingC.to be unsatisfyingD.being unsatisfied8. Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isn’t much help when it______ shopping and eating.A.refers toB.speaks ofC.focuses ones to9. －I’m thinking of the test tomorrow. I’m afraid I can’t pass this time.－______ ! I’m sure you’ll make it.A.Go aheadB.Good luckC.No problemD.Cheer up10. Don’t respond to any e-mails______ personal information, no matter how official they look.A.searchingB.askingC.requestingD.questioning11. We______ have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march e ver made in the past ten years.A.needn’tB.may notC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t12. The Beatles,______ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverp ool.A.whatB.thatC.howD.as13. Fitness is important in sport, but of at least______ importance are skills.A.fairB.reasonableC.equalD.proper14. There is much chance______ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if15. Finding information in today’s world is easy. The______ is how you can tell if t he information you get is useful or not.A.abilitypetitionC.challengeD.knowledge第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，其后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，先出最佳选项。