金融英语期末重点题

1 / 3 名词解释

1、Financial market（金融市场） is a market in which

financial assets (securities) such as stocks and bonds

can be purchased or sold.

2、Those participants that provide funds are called

surplus units（盈余方）.

3、Participants that enter financial markets to obtain

funds are called deficit units（赤字方）

4、Those financial markets that facilitate the flow of

short-term funds (with maturities of less than one year)

are known as money markets（货币市场）.

5、Those that facilitate the flow of long-term funds are

known as capital markets（资本市场）.

6、Primary markets（一级市场） facilitate the issuance

of new securities. The issuance of new corporate stock

or new treasury securities is a primary market

transaction.

7、Secondary markets（二级市场） facilitate the trading

of existing securities. The sale of existing corporate

stock or treasury security holdings by any business or

individual is a secondary market transaction.

8、liquidity（流动性）, which is the degree to which

securities can easily be liquidated (sold) without a loss

of value.

9、over-the-counter (OTC) market（场外市场）, which

is a telecommunications network.

10、A secondary stock offering（二次发行） is a new

stock offering by a specific firm whose stock is already

publicly traded.

11、Money Market Securities（货币市场证券） are debt

securities that have a maturity of one year or less.

12、Capital Market Securities（资本市场证券）securities with a maturity of more than one year are

called Capital Market Securities.

13、Bonds（债券） are long-term debt obligations issued

by corporations and government agencies to support

their operations. (Treasury notes and bonds).

14、Mortgages（抵押贷款） are long-term debt

obligations created to finance the purchase of real

estate

15、Stocks（股票） (also referred to as equity securities股权类证券) are certificates representing partial

ownership in the corporations that issued them. They

are classified as capital market securities.

16、Derivative securities（衍生证券） are financial

contracts whose values are derived from the values of

underlying assets (such as debt securities or equity

securities).

17、Speculation（投机）: derivative securities allow an

investor to speculate on movements in the underlying

assets without having to purchase those assets.

18 、Hedging（套期保值）: Derivative securities can be

used in a manner to generate gains if the value of the

underlying assets declines.

19、Foreign exchange rates（外汇汇率）: is the price

of one money in terms of another one.

20、Mutual Funds（共同基金）: they sell shares to

surplus units and use the funds received to purchase a portfolio of securities.

21、The Loanable Funds theory（可贷资金理论）,

commonly used to explain interest rate movements,

suggests that the market interest rate is determined by

the factors that control the supply of and demand for

loanable funds.

22、This relationship between interest rate and expected

inflation is often referred to as the Fisher Effect（费舍效应）.

23、Crowding-out effect.（挤出效应）Given a certain

amount of loanable funds supplied to the

market( through saving), excessive government

demand for these funds tends to “crowd out” the private

demand (by consumer and corporation) for funds.

24、Repurchase Agreements（购回协议）The Trading

Desk purchases Treasury securities from government

securities dealers with an agreement to sell back the

securities at a specified date in the near future—to

ensure adequate liquidity

25、The Federal Reserve System (the Fed)(联邦储备系统),

as the central bank of the United States, has the

responsibility for conducting national monetary policy.

26、Commercial paper（商业票据） is a short-term debt

instrument issued only by well-known creditworthy firms

and is typically unsecured.

27、Negotiable Certificates of Deposit (NCDs)（可转让存单） are issued by large commercial banks and

other depository institutions as a short-term source of

funds.

28、 Repo（回购） refers that one party sells securities

to another with an agreement to repurchase the

securities at a specified date and price.

29、Federal funds（联邦基金） market allows depository

institutions to effectively lend or borrow short-term funds

from each other at the so-called federal funds rate.

30、A banker’s acceptances（银行承兑） indicates that

a bank accepts responsibility for a future payment. They

are commonly used for international trade transactions.

31、The U.S. dollar deposits in non-U.S. banks is called

Eurodollar certificates of deposit or Eurodollar CDs（欧洲美元存款）.

32、Bond markets(债券市场) facilitate the flow of

long-term debt from surplus units to deficit units.

33、Bearer bonds（无记名债券）: require the owner to

clip coupons attacked to the bonds and send them to

the issuer to receive coupon payments.

34、Registered bonds（记名债券）: require the issuer

to maintain records of who owns the bond and

automatically send coupon payments to the owners.

35、An initial public offering（首次公开募股） is a

first-time of shares by a specific firm to the public.

36、Over-the-Counter Market（场外交易市场）:Trades

through a telecommunications network

37、Financial futures markets（金融期货市场）

facilitate the trading of financial future contracts.

38、financial futures contract（期货合约） is a

standardized agreement to deliver or receive a

specified amount of a specified financial instrument at a

specified price and date.