中考语法专题之单项选择集训第八讲动词的时态和语态

初中重要知识点归纳动词的时态与语态的综合运用初中重要知识点归纳：动词的时态与语态的综合运用在初中英语学习中，动词的时态和语态是重要的知识点。

正确运用动词的时态和语态能够帮助我们精确地表达事件的发生时间及主语的动作状态。

本文将对初中阶段重要的时态和语态进行归纳和综合运用。

一、动词的时态时态是英语中用来表示动作发生时间的语法形式。

初中阶段主要涉及以下时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时。

接下来会分别对这些时态进行详细说明和综合运用。

1. 一般现在时一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作，以及普遍真理等。

常与时间状语词如always, usually等连用。

例句：Tom often walks his dog in the park.译文：汤姆经常在公园遛狗。

2. 一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。

常与时间状语词如yesterday, last week等连用。

例句：I played soccer with my friends yesterday.译文：昨天我和朋友们踢了足球。

3. 一般将来时一般将来时用来表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。

常与时间状语词如tomorrow, next month等连用。

例句：She will visit her grandparents next week.译文：下周她将会去看望她的祖父母。

4. 现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。

常与时间状语词如now, at the moment等连用。

例句：They are watching a movie at the moment.译文：他们正在这个时刻看电影。

5. 过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作。

常与时间状语词如at 6 p.m., yesterday等连用。

例句：He was studying in the library at 6 p.m. yesterday.译文：昨天下午6点他正在图书馆学习。

中考英语语法之动词时态与语态动词时态与语态在英语语法中起着非常重要的作用。

正确地使用时态和语态能够使文章更加准确、流畅，并能够准确表达不同的动作和状态。

本文将重点介绍中考英语语法中的动词时态与语态，通过具体例子和解释来帮助读者更好地掌握这一知识点。

一、动词的时态时态是用来表示动作或状态发生的时间的一种语法形式。

在英语中，常用的时态有过去时、现在时和将来时。

1. 过去时过去时用来表示过去发生的动作或状态。

一般过去时的构成是在动词原形后面加上了-ed或者-d。

例如：walked（走过），played（玩过），watched（看过）。

过去时可以用来描述一段时间内发生的动作或者过去的经历。

例句：- I walked to school yesterday.（昨天我走着去学校）- She played the piano when she was young.（她年轻的时候弹过钢琴）2. 现在时现在时用来表示现在正在进行或经常发生的动作或状态。

一般现在时的构成是动词原形，除了第三人称单数形式的动词需要加上-s或者-es。

例如：work（工作），plays（玩），studies（学习）。

现在时可以用来描述当前的状况、习惯的动作或者客观事实。

例句：- He works as a doctor.（他是一名医生）- They usually play basketball on weekends.（他们通常在周末打篮球）3. 将来时将来时用来表示将来要发生的动作或状态。

一般将来时的构成是用助动词will或者be going to加上动词原形。

例如：will go（将要去），is going to study（将要学习）。

将来时可以用来描述计划、打算或者预测。

例句：- I will visit my grandparents next week.（下周我将去拜访我的祖父母）- She is going to study abroad next year.（她明年要去国外学习）二、动词的语态语态是用来表示动作发生主体的一种语法形式。

中考重点动词时态与语态的辨析与运用一、动词时态的辨析与运用动词时态是指动作或状态发生的时间，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般未来时等。

在中考中，正确选择动词时态能够准确表达句子的意思，展现语言运用的能力。

1. 一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性或客观事实。

在题目中，我们需要根据上下文来判断使用一般现在时。

如：- Amy often goes to school by bus.（Amy经常乘公交车去学校。

）- Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.（水在100摄氏度时沸腾。

）2. 一般过去时（Simple Past Tense）一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态。

通常是在谈论已经结束或发生在过去的事情。

如：- Yesterday, I visited my grandparents.（昨天，我去看望了我的祖父母。

）- He lived in Paris for five years.（他在巴黎住了五年。

）3. 一般将来时（Simple Future Tense）一般将来时表示将来会发生的动作或状态。

如：- We will go to the movies this weekend.（我们这个周末将去看电影。

）- She is going to travel to Europe next month.（下个月她将去欧洲旅行。

）4. 现在进行时（Present Continuous Tense）现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，或者表示将来已经安排好的计划。

如：- They are playing basketball in the park now.（他们正在公园里打篮球。

）- We are meeting at the library tomorrow.（我们明天在图书馆开会。

）5. 过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense）过去进行时表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。

中考重点动词时态与语态运用一、动词时态的使用动词时态是用来表示动作、状态或事件发生的时间。

在中考中，正确使用动词时态是非常重要的。

下面我们来讨论一些中考中经常考察的动词时态。

1. 一般现在时一般现在时用来表示经常发生的动作、现在的状态或普遍真理等。

例如：- I go to school by bus every day.（我每天乘公交车上学。

）- Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.（水在100摄氏度时沸腾。

）2. 现在进行时现在进行时用来表示现阶段正在进行的动作。

例如：- She is studying for the exam at the moment.（她此刻正在备考。

）- The children are playing in the park now.（孩子们现在正在公园里玩。

）3. 一般过去时一般过去时用来表示过去发生的动作或状态。

例如：- I visited my grandparents yesterday.（昨天我去看望了我的祖父母。

）- They lived in this city five years ago.（五年前他们在这个城市居住。

）4. 过去进行时过去进行时用来表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。

例如：- I was eating dinner when she called me.（她给我打电话时我正在吃晚饭。

）- They were playing football at this time yesterday.（昨天的这个时候他们在踢足球。

）5. 将来时将来时用来表示将来要发生的动作或状态。

例如：- We will go to the beach next weekend.（下个周末我们将去海滩。

）- He is going to study abroad next year.（他明年将要出国留学。

）二、动词语态的使用动词语态表示动作的主体与动作的关系，常见的动词语态有主动语态和被动语态。

语法专题训练动词的时态和语态|动词的时态|Ⅰ.单项选择1.[2018·武汉] My sister the piano very well, but she hasn’t had time to play recently.A.will playB.has playedC.playedD.plays2.[2018·宿迁] Liu Chuanjian, the command pilot of Sichuan Airlines Flight 3U8633, successfully down the plane last month.A.has broughtB.will bringC.broughtD.bring3.[2018·淮安]—Have you watched the movie Operation Red Sea?—Not yet. I it with my friends tomorrow.A.watchB.have watchedC.will watchD.am watching4.[2018·盐城]—I my card. I want to report it.—You can call the bank to report the loss. It would be faster.A.loseB.was losingC.will loseD.have lost5.[2018·苏州]—Why are you so late today?—Three buses went by without stopping while I at the bus stop.A.am waitingB.waitedC.have waitedD.was waiting6.[2018·连云港]—Look! Somebody the lights.—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.A.turns offB.is turning offC.was turning offD.has turned off7.[2018·重庆] Listen! Mr. Black a talk on robots in the hall.A.givesB.is givingC.will giveD.gave8.[2018·扬州] Hi, guys, please write three facts you last term in your project.A.learnedB.are learningC.have learnedD.learn9.[2018·内江]—Have you watched the new movie, Joe?—No, I it with my sister this evening.A.watchB.are watchingC.watchedD.will watch10.[2018·东营] There six countries in SCO(上合组织) at first, but now the number has increased to eight.A.isB.areC.wereD.will be11.[2018·重庆]They don’t live here any longer. They to Chengdu last month.A.moveB.movedC.will moveD.are moving12.[2018·安徽] Before the sun , we need to get to the top of the mountain.A.setB.setsC.is settingD.will set13.[2018·郴州改编]—I saw Tom’s father bought lots of books yesterday.—That’s not strange. Not only Tom but also his father reading.A.enjoyB.enjoysC.enjoyedD.is enjoying14.Mr. Lee for Lianyungang. He will give a speech there in two days.A.was leavingB.leaveC.has leftD.had left15.[2018·江西]Sorry I’m late. I with a friend and I completely forgot the time.A.talkB.am talkingC.was talkingD.will talk16.[2018·武威] She an English magazine when I came in.A.readsB.has readC.will readD.was reading17.[2018·铜仁]—Where is Mr. Brown?—He Australia. He there last year.A.has been to; has beenB.has been to; has goneC.has gone to; wentD.went; went18.[2017·眉山]—Are you a basketball player in your school?—Yes. I the team 3 years ago. I in it for 3 years.A.joined; wasB.was joined; amC.have joined; have beenD.joined; have been19.[2018·武汉]—Do you still play basketball?—Oh, no. I it for the past two years.A.haven’t playedB.didn’t playC.won’t playD.hadn’t played20.[2018·武汉]—I still don’t know what while I was away from home.—You’ll know it all some day, I believe.A.had happenedB.would happenC.has happenedD.happened21.[2018·温州] John so hard on his project that he didn’t notice his mom enter the room.A.worksB.has workedC.was workingD.will work22.[2018·南充]—When is the school art festival?—It will be held on time if it next Monday.A.don’t rainB.won’t rainC.doesn’t rainD.didn’t rain23.[2018·无锡二模]—John is not coming for the birthday party tonight.—Why? But he !A.promisesB.promisedC.will promiseD.is promised24.[2018·泰州一模]—Would you like to watch Beijing Opera with me tonight?—Sure. I still want to see it again although I it already.A.watchB.will watchC.was watchingD.have watched25.[2018·淮安模拟]—How beautiful your new dress is!—Thank you. I it for two weeks.A.boughtB.have boughtC.hadD.have had26.[2018·无锡二模]—The US government to cut its dependence on Russian and Chinese technology firms(公司). —Yes. He has considered forbidding(禁止) funding for buying products from ZTE and especially Huawei.A.triedB.was tryingC.is tryingD.will try27.[2017·十堰]—I saw Mr Smith in the office at ten yesterday morning.—That’s impossible. He an English party with us then.A.hasB.hadC.was havingD.has had28.[2017·潍坊] A little effort every day, you a big difference.A.makesB.madeC.have madeD.will make29.Shanghai Disneyland has attracted millions of people since it in 2016.A.is openedB.was openingC.openedD.has opened30.—Do you know who took the students to the old people’s home, Tony?—Well, Mr Smith .A.tookB.doesC.didD.doⅡ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.[2018·常德] If he (go) to the party, he’ll have a good time.2.[2018·临沂] We should protect the endangered wild animals, or they (appear) in the near future.3.[2018·无锡] The only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you (not find) it yet, keep looking.4.[2018·包头] Her father (drop) her off at the school gate and then drove to work.5.[2018·常州]—Do you want to go to the talk on recycling?—Great!I (look) for some information for my article on the topic.6.[2018·绥化]It’s 9 o’clock in the morning. Zhu Hui’s parents (make) zongzi at home.7.[2018·北部湾] I(forget) to turn off the light when I left my room yesterday.8.[2018·扬州] Dad (bring) them to our house and Mum soon had a lunch ready for them.9.[2018·无锡]—Oh dear! My mobile phone has turned into a brick. It’s not working at all.—Well, it (happen). Take off the battery and put it back on later.10.[2018·无锡] You (promise) to take our boy to Disneyland last year. Don’t let him down again.11.[2018·无锡] The survey shows that few people believe robots (control) our planet one day.12.[2017·宿迁] I (wash) the dishes while my sister was sweeping the floor.13.He often (travel) to beautiful places in the world.14.Not only the players but also the coach (play) football now.15.I (keep) the books for three weeks, so I have to renew them this afternoon.|动词的语态|Ⅰ.单项选择1.[2018·安徽] The weatherman says a rain shower this afternoon in the south.A.expectsB.expectedC.is expectedD.was expected2.[2018·南京]—Simon, do you know who invented the kite?—Sure! It by Mozi over 2,000 years ago.A.is inventedB.inventedC.was inventedD.will be invented3.[2018·盐城] A lot of new roads in order to develop the villages in the next five years.A.builtB.were builtC.buildD.will be built4.[2018·达州]—Fina l exam is coming, Tom. Don’t watch TV for too long.—I’m not a child any more. I what to do.A.should always be toldB.should always tellC.shouldn’t always be toldD.shouldn’t always tell5.[2018·南充]—What a terrible rainstorm it was last night!—Yes, many old trees and houses .A.pull downB.were pulling downC.were pulled downD.pulled down6.[2018·江西] Kids have to take many after-school classes. They hard to study for good grades.A.pushB.are pushedC.are pushingD.have pushed7.[2018·天津] Dr Bethune still in both China and Canada today.A.is; rememberedB.is; rememberingC.will; rememberD.has; remembered8.[2017·眉山]—Let’s go to play soccer, Peter.—I’m afraid not. I’ll need one more hour before my homework.A.has finishedB.finishedC.will be finishedD.is finished9.[2018·曲靖]Nowadays China for its new “four great inventions”—shared bicycles, electronic payments, high-speed railways and online shopping.A.was knowingB.was knownC.is knowingD.is known10.[2018·重庆] The 2022 Winter Olympic Games in China. I’m sure it will be a great success.A.holdB.will holdC.were heldD.will be held11.[2018·咸宁]—The 19th National Congress of the CPC(中共十九大) in Beijing last year.—Our country has been into a new era(时代) since then.A.heldB.was heldC.has heldD.had held12.[2018·长沙改编] British physicist Stephen Hawking, who as the “smartest man alive”, passed away in England on March 14, 2018.A.praisedB.was praisedC.will be praisedD.is praised13.[2017·盐城] It is reported that about 120 foreign soccer experts to teach school students soccer.A.inviteB.invitedC.to be invitedD.will be invited14.[2017·资阳] A speech on robots in the school hall next Friday afternoon.A.givesB.is givenC.will giveD.will be given15.[2017·江西]A baby’s first month birthday is a special event in China and with a special party.A.is celebratedB.is celebratingC.was celebratedD.celebrates16.[2017·天水] The boy was seen computer games in the net bar.A.playB.playedC.playingD.to play17.[2017·恩施改编] In old days, the poor for the boss for over 18 hours a day.A.was made to be workedB.were made workC.were made to workD.are made to work18.[2018·镇江二模]—Is it true that in 2020, high school students can take English tests more than once?—It’s reported that only the highest score .A.will takeB.has takenC.will be takenD.was taken19.[2018·盐城二模] The DAMO to create China’s own chips in 2017 by Alibaba.A.is set upB.was set upC.will be set upD.has been set up20.[2018·常州一模] Unless some extra money , the company will be closed.A.was borrowedB.borrowsC.is borrowedD.borrowed21.[2018·南京一模] Tiangong-1 space on Sept. 29, 2011. It re-entered the Earth’s atmosphere o n April 2, 2018.A.sent intoB.was sent intoC.sends intoD.is sent into22.[2018·扬州模拟] I really think that people should rivers to protect our environment.A.be prevented from pollutingB.prevent from pollutingC.be prevented to polluteD.prevent to pollute23.[2018·南通一模]—Excuse me, Mr Franklin. When shall we have the meeting?—Not until it in half an hour.A.is preparedB.will be preparedC.preparedD.was prepared24.[2018·泰州二模] Jim felt very sad because his wallet on the bus.A.stealsB.was stolenC.has stolenD.stole25.In April this year, the First Robotics Competition in the Olympic Park, Sydney, Australia. Fourteen students from Northeast Yucai Foreign Language School won five championships.A.was heldB.was taken placeC.will be heldD.is held26.—It’s difficult to get to the other side of the river.—I think a bridge over the river.A.should be builtB.should buildC.will buildD.has built27.The office phones are dirty, and they next week.A.will cleanB.will be cleanedC.are cleaningD.are cleaned28.The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it .A.inventsB.inventedC.is inventedD.was invented29.—I want to borrow the book, but I don’t know how long it may .—For two weeks.A.keepB.be borrowedC.borrowD.be kept30.The child without parents good care of by his teachers in this special school.A.is takenB.are takenC.takeD.takesⅡ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.[2018·宿迁] Qian Xuesen (consider) as “Father of Missile(导弹) in Chin a”.2.[2018·兰州] Teenagers should (allow) to choose their own clothes.3.[2017·宿迁] The old car (produce) in Germany in the 1960s.4.[2017·南京] Libraries or reading corners (build) in hope primary schools along the way of Long March in a few years.5.[2018·包头改编] Mark was the only student that (choose) to attend the meeting.ually TV programmes (record) first and sent out later.7.Tea (bring) to Western countries in the 19th century.8.—It is said that a space station (build) on the Moon.—How amazing! But it may take a long time, I guess.9.Nowadays sky lanterns (see) as bright symbols of good luck.10.—Look! So many students are waiting outside the school gate.—That’s true. Perhaps the gate may (open) a little earlier in the morning.参考答案动词的时态Ⅰ.1.D根据后句的现在完成时可知,说的是目前的情况,所以用一般现在时。

中考语法知识点归纳动词时态语态与非谓语动词动词时态、语态与非谓语动词是中考英语中的重要考点，掌握好这些知识，将有助于提升语法水平和英语写作能力。

本文将对中考语法知识点进行归纳总结，帮助同学们更好地理解和应用。

一、动词时态动词时态是指动词表示的动作或状态发生的时间或状态。

常见的动词时态有以下几种：1. 一般现在时：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或客观真理。

例句：He plays basketball every day.2. 一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。

例句：I watched a movie last night.3. 一般将来时：表示将来要发生的动作或状态。

例句：I will go to Beijing next week.4. 现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作。

例句：She is reading a book now.5. 过去进行时：表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。

例句：I was studying when he called me.6. 现在完成时：表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

例句：She has visited Paris three times.7. 过去完成时：表示对过去某个时间之前发生的动作进行的描述。

例句：They had already left when I arrived.二、动词语态动词语态是指动作发出的主体和动作所受的影响关系。

英语中常见的动词语态有以下几种：1. 主动语态：表示主语是动作的发出者。

例句：He fixed the car yesterday.2. 被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。

例句：The car was fixed by him yesterday.3. 进行时态：表示主语正在进行的动作处于进行状态。

例句：The book is being read by her.4. 完成时态：表示主语已经完成的动作处于完成状态。

例句：The book has been read by her.注意：被动语态需要根据动作的时态来变换，同时需要适当更改时态动词。

中考英语专题综合复习之动词时态、语态考点解读：近5年来，动词时态一直是安徽中考考查的重点内容。

对时态的考查主要集中在一般过去时和现在完成时，同时也要注意一般现在时、一般将来时和现在进行时的运用。

对动词语态的考查主要是不同时态的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态。

动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

若主语是动作发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。

注意：动词中，只有及物动词有被动语态。

知识点讲解：考点1 七种时态分析一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays基本结构：①be 动词→am/is/are；②实义动词→do/does,work/worksHelen __is__ a good student.(be)Helen _likes_ fishing very much.(like) Helen’s friends usually _goes_ to school by bike.(go)二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语：…ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, at last, at first, finally基本结构：①was/were；②实义动词的过去式(do→did, come→came, stop→stopped)Helen _was_ born in Wuxi.(be) Helen _went_ to school by bike yesterday.(go)三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

英语语法中的动词时态和语态动词时态和语态是英语语法中非常重要的概念。

时态表示动作发生的时间，而语态则表示动作的主动与被动关系。

掌握好动词时态和语态的使用，可以帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思，提高英语写作和口语表达的能力。

一、动词时态1. 现在时态现在时态用来表示现在正在进行的动作或状态。

例如：I am writing an article.（我正在写一篇文章。

）2. 过去时态过去时态用来表示过去发生的动作或状态。

例如：She studied English last night.（昨晚她学习了英语。

）3. 将来时态将来时态用来表示将来要发生的动作或状态。

例如：We will go to the beach tomorrow.（我们明天要去海滩。

）4. 现在完成时态现在完成时态用来表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果。

例如：I have finished my homework.（我已经完成了作业。

）5. 过去完成时态过去完成时态用来表示过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。

例如：She had already left when I arrived.（当我到达时，她已经离开了。

）6. 将来完成时态将来完成时态用来表示将来某一时间点之前将会完成的动作。

例如：By theend of this month, I will have graduated from university.（到本月底，我将已经从大学毕业了。

）二、动词语态1. 主动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

例如：He wrote a letter.（他写了一封信。

）2. 被动语态被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

例如：The letter was written by him.（这封信是他写的。

）动词的时态和语态的正确使用对于表达准确的意思至关重要。

下面是一些使用动词时态和语态的注意事项：1. 时态的一致性在一篇文章或一句话中，时态应该保持一致，不要随意变换时态，以免造成混淆。