when, if, before, until从句

状语从句在复合句中，充当状语的从句叫作状语从句，一般修饰谓语动词或整个主句。

状语从句一般可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句和方式状语从句等。

一、时间状语从句在复合句中起时间状语作用的从句称为时间状语从句，可放在句首、句中或句尾。

（二）until 和 till的用法1.肯定句：主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，主句、从句都为肯定式，意为“直到……为止”；2.否定句：主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，表示“某动作直到某时才开始”；3.till 不可以置于句首，而until可以。

例：They waited till / until I returned.他们一直在等我回来。

You may stay here until / till the rain stops.你可以待在这里直到雨停。

He won’t go to bed until / till she returns.直到她回来，他才上床睡觉。

Until you told me I had no idea of it.直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。

（三）since的用法（四）before的用法一般情况下before表示“在……之前”，有时根据上下文，还可表示“还未……就……” “不到……就……” “……才……” “趁……还未……”等例：Please write it down before you forget it.趁你还没忘，请把它记下来。

I must finish this letter before I go home.我必须在回家之前完成这封信。

Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。

We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。

1．时间状语从句常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … whenI didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard(果园), the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home ,then it began to rain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2．地点状语从句常用引导词：where特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.地点状语从句§4地点状语从句 (adverbial clause of place) 地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导，已经形成了固定的句型，例如：句型1：Where＋地点从句，（there）＋主句。

【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。

完整版)时间状语从句概述：时间状语从句是复合句中由时间连接词引导的表示时间的从句。

在使用时，要注意主句和从句的时态要保持一致。

常用连接词举例：1.when连接的时间状语从句当……时候，如：天气好时，很多家庭都出去散步。

2.before/after连接的时间状语从句在……之前/之后，如：妈妈总是在我放学回家前把晚饭准备好。

3.as soon as连接的时间状语从句一……就……，如：我一完成作业就去电影院。

需要注意的是，时间状语从句一般不用一般将来时态。

若主句为一般将来时态或是含有将来的意味时，时间状语从句常用一般现在时态来代替将来。

例如，当我毕业了，我就要去参军。

As soon as it strikes 12 o'clock。

we all start XXX.Upon our arrival。

XXX.4.时间状语从句中使用until表示一个动作一直持续到某一时刻，例如：He waited until all the people left。

我们也可以说I didn't go to bed until Mum came back。

表示直到妈妈回家后我才上床睡觉。

5.当while连接时间状语时，表示主句的行为在从句行为过程之中发生。

从句中要使用持续性动词或状态动词，并且持续性动词通常使用进行时态。

例如：While they were waitingfor the New Year。

they listened to music。

sang songs and had fun.Till and until are used to introduce time clauses in affirmative sentences。

with the main clause verb being a continuous n or state that lasts until the time XXX: XXX。

2019年高考英语语法必考考点（12）：状语从句含解析李仕才【考点解读】在复合句中，修饰主句或主句谓语的句子叫作状语从句。

状语从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。

状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、条件、方式、让步、比较和目的等九大类。

一、状语从句引导词列表从句类型从属连词时间状语从句as, after, before, once, since, till, until, when, whenever, while, as soon as地点状语从句where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere原因状语从句because, since, as, now (that), seeing that, considering that, in that 结果状语从句that, so that, so/such ...that ...目的状语从句so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, for the purpose that条件状语从句if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, in case, provided that 比较状语从句than, as ...as, not so/as ...as方式状语从句as, as if/though, how让步状语从句though, although, even if/though, however, whatever, as, while【点睛】(1)上述有些连词除了能引导状语从句外，还可引导定语从句和名词性从句。

在使用的时候，要根据句子结构和句意来判别和区分不同的从句，正确使用引导词。

以where为例，试比较下列多种从句的区别。

You are to find it where you left it. (地点状语从句)Tell me the address where he lives. (定语从句，先行词为the address)I don’t know where he came from. (宾语从句)Where he has gone is not known yet. (主语从句)This place is where they once hid. (表语从句)(2)在两个分句间要有一个且只有一个连词，千万不能按汉语习惯。

各种从句的连接词20191121学习笔记状语从句1.时间状语从句常见的连接词有：when, while, as, before, after, until 或者till, not…until和since2.地点状语从句常见的连接词有：where, wherever 或者wverywhere3.原因状语从句常见的连接词有：because, due to, thanks to, as a result of, in that和now that4.目的状语从句常见的连接词有：so that, in order that, 和in case5.结果状语从句常见的连接词有：so…that或者such…that. So要保留，但是that可以省略。

这里要注意so和such的用法差别So的结构是so加形容词，加不定冠词a/an，加名词再加that.e.g. It was so hot a day that crops wilted.天气太热，庄稼都枯萎了。

Such的结构是such加a/an,加形容词，加名词再加that.e.g. It was such a hot day that crops wilted.注意了吗：so hot a day和such a hot day6.条件状语从句常见的连接词有：if, unless, as long as, 和on condition that7.让步状语从句常见的连接词有：though, although, even if, even though和as.注：as引导让步状语从句时，在表示“虽然”的时候，句子要用倒装结构。

e.g. Hard as she works, she makes very little progress.虽然她很努力，但是没怎么进步。

8.比较状语从句除了常见的as和than，比较状语从句还有其他特殊的引导词，比如the more…the more…和no more…than9.方式状语从句常见的连接词有：as if, as though和in the way that或者the waye.g. He looks as if he is angry.他看起来好像生气了。

时间状语从句及用法一、普通类从属连词引导时间状语从句的普通类从属连词有when（当……时），while （在……期间），as（当……，一边……一边……），before（在……之 前），after（在……之后），since（从……以来），till/until（直到），whenever （无论何时），as soon as（一……就）等。

如：When I went into the classroom, he was reading. 当我走进教室时，他正在看书。

He read a newspaper as he went along. 他边走边看报纸。

We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们必须趁热打铁。

I will tell you after they leave. 于他们走后我再告诉你。

I told him to come back whenever he wants to. 我告诉他什么时候想回来就回来。

I waited till/until she was back. 我一直等到她回来。

Once time is gone, you will never get it back. 时间一旦失去就再也得不到了注意：在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将来时、过去将来时态或将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现在时态、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。

如：I’ll telephone you as soon as I get there. 我一到达那里就打电话给你。

She said she would phone me as soon as she got there. 她说她一到达那里就给我电话。

Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 等车停稳后才下车。

二、含 time的短语可引导时间状语从句的time短语有every time, each time, (the) next time, (the) last time, by the time, the first time, any time等。

英语八类状语从句的用法归纳一、概说状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。

按照其意义，状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。

状语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点，也是历年高考重点考查的内容之一。

学习状语从句主要应注意引导状语从句的从属连词的用法与区别，以及从属连词在一定的语言环境中的意义与用法。

二、时间状语从句1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词很多，常见的有before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as 等。

2.表示“当…时候”的while, when, as 的用法区别是：while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词；表示带有规律性的“每当”或当主、从句谓语动词的动作发生有先后时，只能用when；当表示“一边…一边…”或“随着”时，只能用as。

另外，用于此义的as 所引导的时间状语从句谓语只能是动作动词，不能是状态动词。

如下面一道高考题的答案是B 而不能是A：“I’m going to the post office.” “_____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?”A. AsB. WhileC. BecauseD. If3.until 在肯定句中通常只连用延续性动词，表示相应动作结束的时间；在否定句中通常连用非延续性动词，表示相应动作开始的时间，意为“直到…才”。

如：He waited until she was about to leave. 他等着一直到她准备离开。

I did not begin to work till he had gone. 他走了后我才开始工作。

4.表示“一…就”除用as soon as 外，还可用the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, i nstantly, no sooner…t han, hardly…w hen 等。

九大状语从句的引导词时间状语从句：when(当…..时候), while(当….时候) ,as(当..时候,一边), after(在….之后), before(在…..之前), since(自从), ever since(自从)till/until（直到）,not….until(直到..才),as soon as(一．．．就),whenever(不管什么时候)，every time(每次)，each time（每次）next time（下次）,the first time(第一次)any time(任何) the moment（一．．．就．．．）by the time（到．．．）, directly（一．．就．．．）, immediately（一．．．就．．）, instantly（一．．．就．．）, as long as（长达）, hardly/scarcely… when….（一．．就．．）once（一．．就．．）no sooner… than….(一．．．就．．)地点状语从句: where, wherever=no matter where（无论哪里）原因状语从句:because（因为）, as（因为）, since（自．．以来）, for（因为），for the reason that（因为）,considering that, due to the fact that, owing to the fact that, in that（因为）, seeing that（因为），considering that/since （既然）等条件状语从句: if（如果）, unless（除非）, as(so) long as（只要）,in case(万一) on condition that(条件是) supposing(假设),provided that(如果) ，as far as /so far as(就…而言)，even though, even if (即使), providing(that),方式状语从句:as（正如）, just as（就好像，正如）, as if（好像）, as though（好像）让步状语从句: although（尽管）, though（尽管）, even if（即使）, even though（即使）, as, whether…or….（无论．．．．），no matter what /when/how(无论什么，何时，怎样)，now that(既然), despite(尽管),in spite of目的状语从句:that, so that（如此．．．以此于）, in order that（为了）, lest（唯恐）in case(唯恐),结果状语从句: so that, so….that, such…that(如此…….以至于)比较状语从句:as….as（和．．．一样）, not so…..as(not as…..as)（不如．．．）, more…than（多于）less….than, the＋比较级…. ，The＋比较级…..1994-2008高考英语真题状语从句总汇1. — How long has this bookshop been in business? ____________ 1982. ( 94 )A. AfterB. InC. FromD. Since2. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially ______Father was away in France. ( 94 )A. asB. thatC. duringD. if3. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, __________ great it is. ( 95 )A. whatB. howC. howeverD. whatever4. After the war, a new school building was put up _____________ there had once been a theatre. ( 97 )A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when5. — I am going to the post office. _______you’re there, can you get me some stamps? ( 99 )A. AsB. WhileC. BecauseD. If6. You should make it a rule to leave things _____________ you can find them again. ( 99 )A. whenB. whereC. thenD. there7. ____________ you’ve got the chance, you might as well make full use of it. ( 99 )A. Now thatB. AfterC. AlthoughD. As soon as8. We’ll have to finish the job, _____________. ( 99 )A. long it takes howeverB. it takes however longC. long however it takesD. however long it takes9. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up ____________ I could answer the phone. ( 00 ) A. as B. since C. until D. before10. The WTO cannot live up to its name _____________ it does not include a country that is home to onefifth of mankind. ( 00 )A. as long asB. whileC. ifD. even though11. The men will have to wait all day ____________ the doctor works faster. ( 01春季)A. ifB. unlessC. whetherD. that12. — Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? — Yes, I gave it to her _____ I saw her.( 01春季)A. whileB. the momentC. suddenlyD. once13. Americans eat _____________ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. (02上海春季)A. more than twiceB. as twice as manyC. twice as many asD. more than twice as many14. — How far apart do they live? _____I know, they live in the same neighbourhood. ( 03上海)A. As long asB. As well asC. As far asD. As often as15. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’ curiosity ______ he reaches the end of the story.A. whenB. unlessC. afterD. until ( 03上海)16. Generally speaking, ____________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. ( 03上海)A. when takingB. when takenC. when to takeD. when to be taken17. —Dad, I’ve finished my assignment.—Good, and _____ you play or watch TV, you mustn’t disturb me. ( 03上海)A. wheneverB. whetherC. whateverD. no matter18. — Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?— Yes. He has never praised him _______ he became one of the top students in his grade. (03 北京春季)A. afterB. unlessC. untilD. when19. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation ____________ it got worse. (03 北京)A. untilB. whenC. beforeD. as20. _____________ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. (03 北京)A. Even thoughB. UnlessC. WhileD. As long as21. Scientists say it may be five or six years ________ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A. sinceB. afterC. beforeD. when ( 04 福建)22. You should try to get a good night’s sleep __________ much work you have to do . ( 04 湖北)A. howeverB. no matterC. althoughD. whatever23. It was evening ________ we reached the little town of Winchester .A. thatB. untilC. sinceD. before24. _____ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand.A. WhileB. SinceC. AsD. If( 04 浙江)25. We were swimming in the lake _______ suddenly the storm started. ( 04 北京春季)A. whenB. whileC. untilD. before26. _______ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. ( 04 北京春季)A. As long asB. As far asC. Just asD. Even if27. We were told that we should follow the main road ________ we reached the central railway station .( 04 辽宁) A. whenever B. until C. while D. wherever28. _____ you call me to say you' re not coming, I'll see you at the theatre. ( 04 四川)A. ThoughB. WhetherC. UntilD. Unless29. You can eat food free in my restaurant ________ you like. ( 04 重庆)A. wheneverB. whereverC. whateverD. however30. _____________ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. ( 04 江苏)A. WhileB. SinceC. BeforeD. Unless31. Several weeks had gone by ______I realized the painting, was missing. ( 04 )A. asB. beforeC. sinceD. when32. Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _____ she was bitten on the leg by al lion.( 04 上海) A. when B. while C. since D. once33. ________, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. ( 04上海春季)A. However the story is amusing B No matter amusing the story isC. However amusing the story isD. No matter how the story is amusing34. It is almost five years we saw each other last time.A. beforeB. sinceC. afterD. when35. What a table ! I’ve never seen such a thing before .It is it is long. ( 05 湖北)A. half not as wide asB. wide not as half asC. not half as wide asD. as wide as not half36. Simon thought his computer was broken his little brother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on. ( 05 北京春季) A. until B. unless C. after D. because37. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early _______ I can have time for a cup of tea. ( 05 北京)A. as soon asB. as a resultC. in caseD. so that38. It wasn’t until nearly a month later I received the manager’s reply. ( 05河南、河北)A. sinceB. whenC. asD. that39. Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly active process (过程)________ it requires attention as well asmemory and imagination. （05 江苏）A. untilB. butC. unlessD. for40. The old tower must be saved, _____________ the cost. ( 05 浙江)A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. wherever41. You must keep on working in the evening ______ you are sure you can finish the task in time. ( 05 安徽)A. asB. ifC. whenD. unless42. That was really a splendid evening. It' s years _______ I enjoyed myself so much. ( 05 安徽)A. whenB. thatC. beforeD. since43. John is the tallest boy in the class, ___________ according to himself. ( 05 安徽)A. five foot eight as tall asB. as tall as five foot eightC. as five foot eight tall asD. as tall five foot eight as44. —Did Jack come back early last night?—Yes. I t was not yet eight o’clock he arrived home. ( 05 福建)A. beforeB. whenC. thatD. until45. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, __________ they are different from your own. ( 05 湖南) A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though46. The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him ___ I did. ( 05 湖南)A. as much asB. as long asC. as soon asD. as far as47. you’ve tried it. you can’t imagine how pleasant it is. （06北京）A. UnlessB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. When48. --- How long do you think it will be _________ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?--- Perhaps two or three years. （06福建）A. whenB. untilC. thatD. before49. Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, this was a memory she especially treasured. （06广东）A. asB. ifC. whenD. where50. "You can't have this football back you promise not to kick it at my cat again," the old man said firmly. （06广东） A. because B. since C. when D. until51. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel ____ I heard the steps. （06湖南） A. while B. when C. since D. after52. _________ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem (生态系统) to recover. （06江苏） A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once53. He was about halfway through his meal a familiar voice came to his ears. （06辽宁）A. whyB. whereC. whenD. while54. he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. （06全国I ）A. SinceB. UnlessC. AsD. Although55. We’re just trying to teach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk. （06 山东）A. whereB. thatC. whenD. which56. How can you expect to learn anything ____ you never listen? （06山东）A. in caseB. even ifC. unlessD. when57. His plan was such a good one _________we all agreed to accept it. （06 陕西）A. soB. andC. thatD. as58. This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, __________. （06 陕西）A. how much may it costB. no matter how it may costC. however much it may costD. how may it cost59. My parents were quarrelling about me ____ I could not quite tell why. （06上海）A. sinceB. thoughC. ifD. until60. --- Mom, what did your doctor say? --- He advised me to live the air is fresher. （06四川）A. in whereB. in whichC. the place whereD. where61. --- Why didn’t you tell him about the meeting?--- He rushed out of the room I could say a word. （06四川）A. beforeB. untilC. whenD. after62. The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, the quality of life is probably one of thehighest. （06天津） A. since B. when C. as D. while63. If you are traveling the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. （06天津） A. in which B. what C. when D. where64. In time of serious accidents，_________ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.（06重庆） A. whether B. until C. if D. unless65. ____ most of the earth’s surface is covered by water, fresh water is very rare and precious. （06上海春季）A. AsB. OnceC. IfD. Although66 .He was told that it would be at least three more months he could recover and return work. 2007江西A. whenB. beforeC. sinceD. that67. The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _____ we meet themagain.2007安徽 A. after B. before C. since D. when68 In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than ________.2007安徽A. that used to beB. it is used toC. it was used toD. it used to be69. Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but ________ they have eggs or young chicks, they don’t use a nest.2007湖南 A. why B. how C. unless D. where70. Pop music is such an important part of society ______ it has even influenced our language. 2007上海A. asB. thatC. whichD. where71. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _______ they knew it to be valuable 2007浙江.A. as ifB. now thatC. even thoughD. so that72. My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house _____ there is a power out.A. ifB. unlessC. in caseD. so that 2007重庆73. I won’t call you, ________ something unexpected happens. 2007 海南A. unlessB. whetherC. becauseD. while74．________I really don’t like art, I find his work impressive. 2007山东A．As B．Since C．If D．While75. Leave your key with a neighbor ___ you lock yourself out one day2007北京A. ever sinceB. even ifC. soon afterD. in case76. We had to wait half an hour ______ we had already booked a table (2007辽宁.)A. sinceB. althoughC. untilD. before77. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ______ they are not managed carefully.A. thoughB. beforeC. untilD. if 2007上海78. Having checked the doors were closed , and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to hisbedroom. 2007湖南A. whyB. thatC. whenD. where79.---Where’s that report?---I brought it to you ____you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday. 2007北京A. ifB. whenC. becauseD. before80___ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. 2007 国2A. IfB. SinceC. ThoughD. When81. All people, they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need sincethe disaster. （2008重庆）A. even ifB. whetherC. no matterD. however82. You'd better not leave the medicine ______ kids can get at it. （2008山东）A. even ifB. whichC. whereD. so that83. I used to love that film ______ I was a child, but I don't feel it that way any more. (2008辽宁卷)A. onceB. whenC. sinceD. although84. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __ consumer complaints have resulted in changes inthe law. （2008江西卷） A. where B. when C. who D. which85. -----Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?----- Yes, _______, I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city. （2008安徽卷）A. If everB. If busyC. If anythingD. If possible。

状语从句用法总结状语从句是指在复合句中充当状语的从句。

它可以修饰谓语动词、形容词、副词、介词等，为主句表达更加准确、丰富和生动的意义。

下面是状语从句的用法总结。

1. 时间状语从句时间状语从句表示时间的划分、顺序或先后关系，一般由when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, the moment等引导。

例如：She had breakfast before she went to work. (她上班之前吃了早饭。

)地点状语从句表示事情发生的地点，一般由where, wherever等引导。

例如：I will go wherever you go. (无论你去哪里，我都会跟着你去。

)原因状语从句表示主句发生的原因，一般由because, since, as, for等引导。

例如：I took an umbrella with me so that I wouldn't get wet. (我带了一把伞，以免淋湿。

)比较状语从句表示主句和从句中两个被比较的事物之间的关系，一般由as...as,than等引导。

例如：She is as tall as her sister. (她和她姐姐一样高。

)方式状语从句表示主句中的动作或状态如何进行或实现，一般由as, the way等引导。

让步状语从句表示尽管有某种反对因素，但主语还是发生了从句中表示的动作或状态，一般由although, though, even though, despite the fact that等引导。

状语从句在句子中起着很重要的作用，能够使语言表达更丰富、更准确。

当我们对各种状语从句的用法都掌握清楚后，就可以更好地运用它们来表达自己的意思。

状语从句是英语语法中的重要组成部分，它可以让我们表达更加复杂的语义，增强我们语言表达的准确性和精度。

状语从句可以从不同的角度来划分，如时间、地点、原因、条件、结果、比较、方式、目的和让步等，下面我们逐一梳理一下。