通用版2018高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit1Friendship.doc

Unit 1 Festivals around the worldⅠ.写作单词——会拼写1．remind vt.提醒；使想起2．gain vt.获得；得到3．award n. 奖；奖品vt.授予；判定4．celebrate v. 庆祝；祝贺→celebration n. 庆祝；祝贺5．religion n. 宗教；宗教信仰→religious adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的6．belief n. 信任；信心；信仰→believe vt.相信7．independent adj.独立的；自主的→independence n. 独立；自主8．admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕→admiration n. 钦佩；羡慕9．permit vt.&vi. 允许；许可；准许→permission n. 许可；允许10．apology n. 道歉→apologize vi. 道歉；辩白11．forgive vt.原谅；饶恕→forgiveness n. 宽恕；原谅12．sad adj.悲伤的→sadness n. 悲哀；悲伤13．energy n. 能量；能力→energetic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记14．starve vi.&vt. (使)饿死；饿得要死15．wipe vt.擦；揩；擦去16．custom n. 习惯；风俗17．trick n. 诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt. 欺骗；诈骗18．gather vt.&vi. 搜集；集合；聚集19．obvious adj.明显的；显而易见的高频短语——会默写1．take place 发生2．dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰3．look forward to 期望；期待；盼望4．as though/if 好像5．keep one's word 守信用；履行诺言6．set off 出发；动身；使爆炸7．in memory of 纪念；追念8．play a trick on 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑9．day and night 日夜；昼夜；整天10．have fun with 玩得开心11．turn up 出现；到场12．hold one's breath 屏息；屏气3.Some festivals are held to honourthe dead or to satisfy the ancestors ，who might return either to help or todo harm.(either...or...或者……或者……)3.课外活动时，我通常要么去“英语角”，要么去体育馆。

必修1Unit 1FriendshipJack，a teenager，felt quite upset because he thought his teacher ignored him on purpose.His partner was much concerned about him.She exactly understood what he was suffering from，but she disagreed with his idea of dropping out.She encouraged him to settle his problem by talking with his teacher face to face.Soon Jack recovered from depression and concentrated entirely on his studies.How grateful he was to his partner！默写识记◆默写单词1.upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的vt. 使不安；使心烦2.ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视3.calm vt.& vi. (使)平静adj. 平静的；镇静的4.concern vt. (使)担忧；涉及；关系到n. 担心；关注；(利害)关系5.entire adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的6.power n. 能力；力量；权力7.settle vt. 使定居；安排；解决8.suffer vt.& vi. 遭受；经历9.recover vi.& vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得10.disagree vi. 不同意◆记住词义1.loose adj.松的；松开的2.series n．连续；系列3.thunder vi.打雷n.雷；雷声4.curtain n．窗帘；门帘；帷幕5.partner n．伙伴；搭档；合伙人6.pack vi.& vt.捆扎；包装；打行李n.小包；包裹7.teenager n．十几岁的青少年8.exactly adv.确实如此；确切地9.grateful adj.感激的；表示谢意的10.item n．条款；项目；一条◆写出短语1.add up 合计2.go through 经历；经受3.set down 记下；放下；登记4.a series of 一连串的；一系列5.on purpose 故意6.at dusk 在黄昏时刻7.face to face 面对面地8.no longer 不再……9.get/be tired of 对……厌烦10.get along with 与……相处；进展11.fall in love 爱上12.join in 参加；加入13.be concerned about 关心；挂念14.suffer from 遭受；患病联想拓展否定前缀dis­1.dislike 不喜欢2.disappear 消失；不见3.disappoint 使失望4.discourage 使泄气；劝阻5.disapprove 不赞同；不同意短语串记1.add to 增加；增添2.add...to... 把……加到……3.add up to 加起来总计是4.total up to 加起来总计是－－－－－－－－－－－5.shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩6.neck to neck 并驾齐驱；肩并肩7.arm in arm 挽臂；携手8.hand in hand 手拉手9.step by step 逐步地10.word for word 逐字地－－－－－－－－－－－11.set off 出发；引爆12.set out 出发；开始13.set up 成立；设立14.set aside 储蓄；搁置15.set about 开始做－－－－－－－－－－－16.go over 重温；复习17.go up 上升；上涨18.go by 经过；时光流逝19.go against 违背20.go out 外出；熄灭－－－－－－－－－－－21.get through 通过；接通22.get over 翻过；克服23.get around 绕开；传播24.get across 横过；被理解25.get away with (做错事)逃脱处罚经典例句①Her father dislikes her staying away from home，for her safety of course.她爸爸不喜欢她离开家，当然是出于安全考虑。

课后分层集训Unit 1 Getting along with others (B卷) Ⅰ.阅读理解(2017·长春高三模拟)It was the middle of third grade and I was not sure what had got into me.I lied about many things—I lied that I had eaten all my dinner，when in fact I buried it in the trash can.I lied that I had made my bed，when clearly I had not.My lies were not hurting anyone，but for some reason I felt the need to tell lies on an impulse (冲动) that didn't feel like my own.I was labeled a liar.One day my sisters and I were invited to spend the weekend with my aunt.We all loved it.She spoiled us with her time.And she was an amazing artist.She had cool pencils，erasers and other supplies that any young girl would love to get her hands on.Then it happened—someone took one of Aunt Kim's good art erasers and rubbed it across the entire top of the TV.The eraser mined the shiny finish on the TV's casing.All the three of us were called into the TV room and asked to admit.Nobody did！Aunt Kim told us how disappointed she was.The next thing I knew was that she was on the phone with my parents and they were on their way to picking me up.It had to be me！I was the liar.I argued，but no one listened.And then before dinner there was a knock at the front door！Aunt Kim was standing there.It turned out my younger sister finally felt guilty！She admitted that she was the one who rubbed the eraser on the TV.I was invited back!A lie may take care of the present，but it has no future.No matter how big or small your lies are，once you are labeled a liar，earning trust takes a lot of work and time.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者为自己的撒谎行为付出代价的故事。

课后分层集训Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained (B卷) Ⅰ.阅读理解(2017·西安高三质检)One afternoon，after finishing shopping in a supermarket，my family and I went to the checkout.I suddenly thought we didn't need any of the junk，and we abandoned all of those，saving $300.That got me thinking about all our pointless expenses in life.With a promise that we'd stop if it was killing us.I convinced the family to take the leap into frugality (节俭)．The rules were that we would buy nothing for 30 days except absolute essentials.Our adventure began with a great start.By 9 a．m.，my wife，Ruth，had already made cakes from old strawberries and picked flowers I didn't even know we had in the garden.I cleaned the car by hand for the first time for years.I read and returned the neighbor's newspaper before he woke up.Total spending on the first day：$0.As days turned into weeks，we became so proficient at living frugally.We started riding our bikes to save gas.My child's finger painting was recycled as gift wrap for the homemade presents.We started to use an Internet application like Skype for free phone calls and ask neighbors with gardens for extra vegetables and herbs.In the end，we saved more than $2，000 by not spending for a month.When we began，I imagined we would rush out the moment we were done and buy a lot of things in the supermarket，then maybe hit the mall or go to the movies.Instead，we stayed at home and played cards.【语篇解读】本文介绍了作者是如何开始反思并改变自己家的消费习惯从而达到节约和省钱的目的的。

课后分层集训Unit 1 Advertising (B卷)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2017·合肥高三质量检测)When you're looking forward to taking a holiday in Egypt，you're certainly not short of choices.The country has so many to see that you'll probably not want to limit yourself to just one city.Hurghada—A Water Sports ParadiseWith 250 hotels r anking from comfortable 3­star hotels up to5­star accommodation，the main attraction of staying here is theactivities in and on the warm waters.It has become aninternational centre for water sports，allowing visitors to take part in surfing，sailing and de ep­sea fishing.The waters are also home to a huge variety of coral and fish，making it a dream spot for diving.If all that isn't enough，Hurghada is home to some of the world's finest underwater gardens.Luxor—An Open­air Museum of Ancient HistoryFor those with an interest in Egyptian history，Luxor is an excellent place to stay and is built upon the site of the ancient Egyptian city of Thebes.If you make this the base for your Egypt holiday，you're basically staying in an open­air museum！The modern city of Luxor has the ruins of Karnak.Across the Nile lie many more monuments，temples and tombs including the Valley of the Kings and the Queens.The Nile sailing is necessary for those with an interest in the country's ancient history.Cairo—The Capital CityFinally，of course，there's Cairo.It's definitely a startingpoint for most of Egypt holidaymakers.Cairo offers an excellentmix of culture，art，cooking and sightseeing chances.With thefamous pyramids，various temples and some fascinating museums，Cairo is a fantastic choice if you can come to the city.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。

课后分层集训Unit 1 The written wordⅠ.阅读理解A(2017·重庆适应性测试)Robert Frost ( 1874－1963 ) was the statesman of American letters in the twentieth century，a rare national poet who was read and respected by both university professors and everyday citizens.In his life，Frost won four Pulitzer Prizes for his works－more than any other poet in American history.His most famous poems include “The Road Not Taken”“Fire and Ice” and “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”．Though he is widely read，Frost is also one of the most misunderstood writers in the United States for the complexity of his poems.Though born in California，Frost was brought up in New England，where he is inseparably linked.After dropping out of Dartmouth College to seek his literary dream，he remained upset for years，producing collections of works but failing to get enough of them published to make his efforts financially worthwhile.Finally，Frost left the United States in 1912 to see whether his work might be better received in London.It was，and in 1913 his first full collection was published in Great Britain.Fellow American poet Amy Lowell adored Frost's work and brought it back to the United States，publicizing it insistently.Soon afterwards Frost's collections became bestsellers，and he become a famous figure.From then on，Frost was on his way to the lifelong respect and recognition for his achievements in poetry.In 1961，he was invited to read a poem for the presidential inauguration (总统就职典礼) of John F．Kennedy.He recited his poem，“The Gift Outright” from memory at the ceremony.This was perhaps his last poetry reading in front of a wide national audience before his death in 1963.More importantly，Frost became the first poet to read a poem at a presidential inauguration.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

必修一Unit 1FriendshipⅠ。

常考单词必背1．upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的;不适的vt。

（upset，upset) 使不安；使心烦；打翻，碰倒；打乱She was upset about losing her job。

她正为失去工作而心烦意乱。

Losing the ring upset her very much。

遗失戒指使她很心烦意乱。

［快速闪记］be upset about/over/at sth 为某事心烦upset oneself about sth 为某事而烦恼2．ignore vt.不理睬；忽视Either she didn't see me wave or she ignored me on purpose。

要么她没看见我招手,要么就是故意不理我.［快速闪记］ignorant adj。

不了解的，无知的ignorance n．不了解，无知3．concern vt.(使)担忧;涉及;关系到n．担心；关注；(利害)关系The accident was concerned with the bus driver.这次事故与公交车司机有关。

There is some cause for concern but no need for alarm。

是有点令人忧虑，但不必惊慌。

[快速闪记]concerned adj。

担心的;关注的be concerned about/for关心；担忧;挂念be concerned with牵涉到……，与……有关as/so far as..。

be concerned关于；至于；就……而言4．power n．能力；力量；权力The power was cut off and the street was entirely in darkness.断电后街道完全陷入了黑暗。

She was the one who had the power to hire or fire people。

Unit 1 The written wordⅠ.写作单词——会拼写1．abuse vt. 虐待；辱骂；滥用2．desperate adj. 铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；非常需要，渴望3．vain adj. 虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的；无结果的4．rescue n．& vt.救援，营救5．reputation n. 名誉，名声6．debt n. 债务，欠款7．adore vt. 热爱，喜爱，爱慕8．author n. 作者9．theme n. 主题，主题思想；主题音乐10．reform vt.& vi.& n. (使)改过自新，改造；改革，改良11．envelope n. 信封12．novel n. 小说→novelist n. 小说家13．poet n. 诗人→poetry n. 诗歌→poetic adj.诗歌的，诗的14．characteristic n. 特征，特点adj. 典型的，独特的，特有的→character n. 人物，角色15．generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的；宽厚的，仁慈的→generously adv. 慷慨地；大方地→generosity n. 慷慨，大方；宽宏大量16．violence n. 暴力，暴行→violent adj. 暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，强烈的→violently adv. 强烈地，激烈地17．resist vi.& vt.反抗，抵制，抵挡→resistant adj. 有抵抗力的→resistance n. 反抗，抵抗，抗拒18．reunite vt.& vi.(使)重逢，再相聚；(使)再结合，再联合→unite vi.& vt.联合，团结，统一，联手→united adj. 联合的，统一的→unity n. 团结一致，联合(体)，统一(体)19．intend vt.& vi.打算，计划，想要→intention n. 意图，目的，打算20．romantic adj. 浪漫主义的；浪漫的→romance n. 浪漫Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记21．spit vi.& vt.吐唾沫(表示愤怒或鄙视)；吐，唾(唾沫、食物等) n. 唾液22．criminal n. 罪犯adj.犯罪的，犯法的；刑法的，刑事的23．tension n. 紧张气氛；紧张，烦躁；矛盾，对立24．chapter n. (书的)章，篇，回；时期，时代25．paragraph n. 段落高频短语——会默写1．in print (书刊等)仍在印行；发表2．be bent on(doing)sth. 决心做某事3．on the run 躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波4．live up to 达到，符合(期望)5．be set in 以……为背景6．touch on 谈及，涉及7．in tune 音调准确；演奏合调8．be intended to be/do sth. 目的是做某事，目的是作为某物9．come out 出版，发行10．come to one's rescue 救援某人，帮助某人教材原句——会背诵句式仿写——能应用1.Because a lot of classics were written so long ago， 1.红色光线的波长约为蓝色their language characteristics are quite different from those of modern works.(those作代词，代替前面的language characters) 光线波长的两倍。