考研10年真题词汇(打印版)
- 格式:doc
- 大小:300.00 KB
- 文档页数:42
2010年真题答案(多方答案不统一,仅参考)Section I Use of English1.A解析:A项affect 意思是“影响,感动”; B项achieve意思是“达成,完成”; C项extract意思是“提取,榨出”;D项restore是“恢复,重建”. 这句话的意思是:他们想通过实验探究车间照明是如何影响工人的生产率的,所以答案是A。
2.B解析:本题考查了固定短语end up 的用法,end up 意思是“最终成为……”,end 和其它三个介词的搭配都无此意,故选B。
3.C解析:本句的大意为:研究最终总结为一个极具影响力的概念—“霍桑效应”,也正是实验所研究的行为改变了工人们的表现。
所以这里应选择C。
4.B解析:作者这里表达的意思是这个问题之所以引起大家的注意是因为工厂女工的行为令人费解。
四个选项中perplexing意为“令人费解的”,所以正确答案为B。
5.C解析:本句的含义是:根据研究描述,当照明灯变亮或变暗时,工人的时产量就会提高。
四个选项中有描述含义的是C项accounts。
6.B解析:这句话的意思是:实验中做什么并不重要。
Do not matter 固定表达,故选B。
7.D解析:考查so long as 短语,意思是“只有”,句子意思是:只要有改变,生产率就会上升。
8.A解析:A项awareness 意思是“意识”,B项expectation意为“期望”,C项sentiment 意为“”观点,意见,D项illusion 为“幻觉”,本句的大意是说:工人知到自己本身是被研究对象-这一意识就足以改变他们的行为。
所以选A。
9.C解析:be enough to do sth, 足够做某事,符合上下文。
10.D解析:by oneself 表示“独自地”,这里的itself 代指an awareness of ...。
11.C解析:be subjected to表示“服从于,与……一致’,为固定短语。
2010年考研英语真题及解析Section I Use of English【文章综述】本文选自The Economist(《经济学家》,是一本专业报道商业和政治新闻的英文周刊), 原文题为Light Work; Questioning the Hawthorne Effect,(《照明效用:质疑霍桑效应》),刊登在该刊2009年6月4日的Finance and Economics(财政与经济学)专栏上。
其题材为科普知识类【考频4次】,文章介绍了著名的“霍桑效应”的产生过程及多年后人们对此所提出的质疑。
【试题连线】…………………………….…【选项分析】……………………………..….In1924 Awerica's National Research Councilsent two engineers to surpervise a series ofexperiments at a telephone-parts factory called theHawthorne Plant near Chicago.It hoped they wouldlearn how shop-floor lightingworkers'productivity. Instead, thestudies ended givingtheir name to the “Hawthorne effect,”the extremely influential idea thatexperimented upon changed subjects' behavior.The idea arose because of the 4 behavior of the woman in the plant.According to 5 of the experimenteda,their hourly output rose when lighting was increased ,but also when it was dimmed.It did not 6 what was done in the experiment;7 something was changed ,productivity rose ,A(n) 8 that were being experimented upon seemed to be 9 to alter workers' behavior 10 itself.After several decades, the same data were 11 to econometric analsis.The Hawthorne experiments had another surprise in stone. 12 the descriptions on record, no systematic 13 was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.It turns out that the peculiar way of conducting the experiments may have led to 14 interpretations of what happened. 15 , lighting was always changed on a Sunday.When work started again on Monday ,output 16 rose compared with the previous Saturday and 17 to rise for the next couple of days. 18 , a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Mondaya. Workers 19to be diligent for the first few of the week in any case, beforeThis suggests that the alleged “Hawthorne effect” is hard to pin down.1.[A]affected影响[B]achieved 完成[C]extracted 提取;获取[D]restored 恢复2.[A](ended)at 在某时刻结束[B](ended)up 最终处于(意料之外的境况);以……结束[C](ended)with 以……结束[D] ended)off 结束3.[A]truth 真相[B]sight 看见[C]act 行为[D]proof 证据4.[A]controversial 有争议的[B]perplexing 令人费解的[C]mischievous 恶作剧的[D]ambiguous 意向不明的;模棱两可的5.[A]requirement 要求[B]explanations 解释[C]accounts 描述;叙述[D]assessments 评估6.[A]conclude 推断[B]matter 要紧[C]indicats 表明[D]work 起作用7.[A]as far as 至于[B]for fear that 唯恐[C]in case that 万一;以防[D]so long as 只要8.[A]awareness 意识;知道[B]expectation 期待[C]sentiment 情绪[D]illusion 幻想9.[A]suitable 适合的[B]excessive 过度[C]enough 足够的[D]aboundant 充裕的10.[A]about 关于[B]for 为了[C]on 关于[D]by(oneself)单独地11.[A]compared 比较[B]shown 宣示[C]subjected 使……遭受[D]conveyed 传达12.[A]Contrary to 与……相反的[B]Consistent with 与……相一致的[C]Parallel with 与…相应的[D]Peculiar to 特有的13.[A]evidence 证据[B]guidance 指导[C]implication 暗示;可能的影响(或结果)[D]source 来源14.[A]disputable 有争议的[B]enlightening 给人启迪的[C]reliable 可信的[D]misleading 误导的15.[A]In contrast 相比之下[B]For example 例如[C]In consequence 结果是;因此[D]As usual 像平常一样16.[A]duly 适当地;按时地[B]accidentally 偶然地[C]unpredictably 变幻莫测的[D]suddenly 突然地17.[A]failed(to do)未能做[B]ceased(to do)停止做[C]started(to do)开始做[D]continued(to do)继续做18.[A]Therefore 因此[B]Furthermore 此外;而且[C]However 然而[D]Meanwhile 同时19.[A]attempted(to do)试图做[B]tended(to do)往往会[C]chose(to do)选择做[D]intended(to do)打算做20.[A]breaking 打破;突破[B]climbing 攀升[C]surpassing 超过[D]hitting 达到【核心词汇】allege [əˈledʒ] v.断言,宣称;指控,辩解(al表强调+lege→表强调讲→宣称);-ed,adj. 声称的;所谓的arise[ə^raiz]v.发生;产生;出现influential[influ^en∫l]adj. 有影响的interpretation[inʌtЗ:pri^tei∫] n.解释;说明plateau[ˈplætəu]n.高原,(发展、增长后的)平稳状态(时期);停滞时期(plat+eau名词后缀→平坦地)slack[slAk]a.懈怠的,松弛的;萧条的n.淡季;(pl.)便裤;-en,v.使松弛,使萧条surpervise [^su:pəvaiz]v. 监督;管理;指导systematic[sisti5mAtik]a.(systematical)系统的,有组织的,成体系的,有规律的;-ic,人或学科(表名词)【超纲词汇】duly[ˈdu:li] adv. 1. 正确地, 适当地,恰当的2. 按时地, 准时地,适时地shop-floor[∫op^flʌ:(r)]n.车间;工厂【常用词组】experiment on/upon 用………做实验give one’s name to以……的名字命名(新生的)事物go up(价格、水平等)上涨;上升;增长in store(for sb) 1. 储备着, 贮藏着2. 将要发生, 就要出现on record有记载的, 记录在案的, 公开发表的pin down 1. 把…固定住; 使动弹不得2. 迫使作出决定, 采取行动slacken off 松懈下来;减缓turn out 结果(是);原来(是)【答案与详解】1.答案→A 考点→上下文关系与动词词义辨析。
supervise vt.& vi.监督;管理;指导give one's name to 以···名字命名perplexing adj.使人困惑的,令人费解的in the plant 在工厂peculiar adj.奇怪的,特有的,特殊的in any case 无论如何,不管怎样;还有interpretation n.解释,说明;翻译;演绎;理解hit a plateau 达到一个顶峰alleged adj.声称的,所谓的;可疑的slack off 放松(绳索等);松懈;滞销extract vt.提取;选取;获得pin down 把···固定住;使···确定restore vt.归还;交还;使恢复;修复contrary to 与···相反controversial adj.有争议的,被争论的for fear that (lest)害怕,唯恐mischievous adj.淘气的;恶作剧的;有害的be enough to do sth 足够做某事ambiguous adj.含糊的,不明确的;引起歧义的be compared to 被比作···acounts n.记录,数据be shown to 被显示给···看sentiment n.感情,情绪;意见,观点;感伤be subjected to 被用于;遭受illusion n.错觉;幻想;错误观念;假象be conveyed to 被传达到···suitable adj.合适的,适当的,适宜的parallel with 与···平行;与···比较excessive adj.过度的,极度的;过分的peculiar to ···特有的enough adj.充足的;足够的consistent with 与···一致abundant adj.大量、充足的;丰富的,富有的in store 储备着;蕴含;将要发生excessive adj.过度的;过分的;过多的in contrast 相反disputable adj.可争辩的,可商榷的,有争议的be central to 对···是重要的implication n.含义,暗示due to… 由···所引起enlightening adj.有启发作用的,使人领悟的in consequence adv.结果,因此misleading' adj.误导的,令人误解的in any case 在任何情况下duly adv.适时地go up 上升,响起,(幕布)升起,破产accidentally adv.偶然地during the past quarter-century 在过去的25年里suddenly adv.突然地to the point of adv.达到…的程度unpredicably adv.无法预言地considerable adj.相当大(或多)的,应考虑的cease vt.& vi.停止,终止,结束marvel vt.& vi.惊奇,对……感到惊奇surpass vt.超过;优于;胜过learned contents 学术性的内容scope n.(处理、研究事务的)范围;眼界the turn of the 20th century20世纪初期inexorable adj.不可动摇的,不可阻挡的at length 充分地;详尽地;最后;终于coverage n.范围,保险项目;〈美〉新闻报导be proud to 感到自豪unfocused adj.未聚焦的,没有终点的it is+adj+for sb to do sth 对于某人来说做某事是···stylish adj.时髦的,流行的appeal to 上诉;呼吁;对··有吸引力ornament n.装饰;装饰物be in dispute 在争论中journalism n.新闻业;新闻工作;报章杂志over the past decade 在过去的十多年里calling n.呼喊;欲望;职业;邀请asset allocation strategy 资产分配策略tempt vt.引诱;吸引;冒……的风险scale back on vt.按比例缩减,相应缩减contempt n.轻视;轻蔑;不顾ever since adv.自从;自…以后;从…起virtually adv.实际上,事实上,几乎;无形中an entire class of 一整类;一整套solely adv.唯一地;仅仅;独一无二地stake out 提出主张,立桩标出cricket n.蟋蟀;板球;adj.公平的race to 加速,竞争foremost adj.第一流的,最重要的;最初的if only adv.只要;但愿knight vt.封……为爵士an unusual order 一道不寻常的命令revival n.复活;再流行,再生效;复兴in the wake of adv.尾随,紧跟,仿效;随着postmodern adj.后现代主义的,后现代派的derive from 由…起源;取自specialize vi.专门从事;详细说明;特化sudden and unexpected popularity突然且出乎意料的流行起来prose n.散文;单调,平凡;枯燥无味的话have far less impact on 较小影响headlong adj.不断地stem from来自,起源于,由…造成;出于retreat vi.撤退,后退;撤销;衰退with the exception of adv.除…以外amateur adj.业余的,非职业的;外行的for a social epidemic to occur对于一种即将流行的社会风尚dirt-cheap adj.便宜的have little to do with与……没什么关系或关系甚微retain vt.保持;记住;雇用;付定金保留the cascade change连锁变化elaborate adj.复杂的;精心制作的;精巧的build on the basic truth about基于···事实layout n.布局,安排,设计;规划图in large part 在很大程度上radical adj.根本的;激进的;彻底的go with 与···相一致mournful adj.哀痛的,令人伤心的;悲伤的social interactions 社会交际prominent adj.突出的,杰出的;著名的take aim at瞄准,盯着;以…为目标grant vt.承认;同意;准许;授予the accounting standard-setters会计标准制定者move 提议;使感动;变化n.改变;迁移toxic assets 不良资产abuzz adj.(城市、会场等)活泼的,议论纷纷的illiquid assets 非流动性资产conduct vt.组织;安排;实施;执行;开展cry out aganist大声反对,强烈谴责curb n.限制,抑制be reluctant to不愿意做某事about-face n.& v.突然改变(看法,立场等)buy up全部买下;买进circuit vt.& vi.巡回,周游stock options购买股票权ruling n.统治;支配;裁定;[法]判决special interests特殊利益集团transaction n.交易,业务;办理,处理;会议记录,学报for fear of害怕,以免,唯恐exclusive adj.专用的;高级的;排外的;单独的booking losses账面损失defensive adj.防御用的,防守的;辩护的;自卫keep a tighter hold on 严格控制rival n.对手;竞争者retail chains 零售连锁店hedge 树篱;保护手段;防范(尤金钱);减少风险等to the effect 大意是uphold vt.支持;维持;赞成;支撑fail to 不能(做到);未能signal n.信号,暗号;预兆,征象;导火线time was when 曾几何时,曾今一度attorney n.代理人;律师in respect of 关于goodwill n.友好,亲善;好感;(企业的)信誉,声誉for the sake of 为了,为了···的利益dignity n.尊严;高尚;自豪;自尊take for granted 认为…理所当然,想当然esteem n.尊重;意见,看法;评价;名声be entitled to 有…的资格;有权incidence n.发生率;影响范围build up 逐步建立;增进;宣扬looming v.隐约出现;n.潜在的time was when 曾今有段时间dismiss vt.解雇;解散;驳回,拒绝受理;搁置 a new level 新的台阶;新的水平prevailing adj.占优势的;主要的;普遍的;盛行的draw an analogy with 打比喻argue vi.提出,指出epidemic n.流行病;风尚等的流行exaggerate(使)扩大;(使)增加;夸大informed adj.了解情况的;见多识广的;消息灵通的standstill n.停顿;停止,停滞persuasive adj.有说服力的;劝诱的;动听wholesale adj.批发的,整批卖的;大规模intultively adv.直觉地,直观地;由直觉而得地margin n.边缘,范围;极限;利润compelling adj.引人入胜的;扣人心弦的;不可抗拒的fragmented adj.支离破碎的plausible adj.貌似真实的;貌似有理的consolidate vt.把…合成一体,合并;加强embrace vt.包括;包含;接受;信奉,拥抱feasible adj.可行的;可用的;可实行的cursory adj.粗略的,草率的,仓促的inspection n.检查;检验;视察;检阅anecdotal adj.轶事的;趣闻的;多轶事的intricacy n.错综复杂;(因复杂而产生)难以理解primarily adv.首先;首要地,主要地;根本上substaintial adj.本质的;大体上的;实际上的acquaintance n.相识的人;相识;对··有了解;知识,心得thereby adv.由此,从而;在那附近resistant adj.有抵抗力的,抵抗的;顽固的logistic adj.逻辑的cascade n.倾泻;小瀑布,瀑布状物gigantic adj.巨大的,庞大的;巨人似的propagate vt.繁衍,增殖;使遗传;扩散;使蔓延infrastructure n.基础设施;基础建设manipulate vt.操作,处理;控制;操纵,调整ingredient n.成分,(尤指烹饪)原料variable adj.变化的,可变的;n.可变因素,变量fancied adj.空想的,虚构的,被特别爱好的critical 批评的,挑剔的;危险的,决定性的;临界的exterminate vt.消灭;根除exemplify vt.是…的典型;例示,举例证明somewhat adv.稍微;有点;达到某种程度solid adj.固体的;结实的,可靠的;可信赖的mammal n.哺乳动物validity n.有效,合法性;效力;正确,正当;正确性predatory adj.掠夺成性的;食肉的;捕食生物的prevalent adj.流行的;普遍存在的,普遍发生的ecologically adj.生态的;生态学的eagerness n.渴望,热心,热切lopsided adj.不平等的;两侧不匀称[不平衡]的readiness n.准备就绪;愿意,乐意conservation n.保存;保护;避免浪费inclination n.倾向;爱好;斜坡conservative adj.保守的,(式样等)不时新的impulse adj.冲动的;n.凭冲动行事;脉冲;冲动,搏动wholly adv.完全地,全部地;十足moan vt.以呻吟声说出;悲叹;抱怨;哀悼community n.社区;社会团体;共同体;群落fetch vt.接来(某人);吸引;售得(若干价钱)integrity n.正直,诚实;完整lobby vt.对……进行游说;陈情distinctly adv.明显地;无疑地;确实地;逼真compromise vt.妥协,让步,受到损害shaky adj.(地位,信用)动摇的,不可靠的toxic adj.有毒的;中毒的;因中毒引起的roundabout adj.绕圈子的;不直截了当的;间接的bruising adj.殊死的;十分激烈的intrinsic adj.固有的,内在的,本质的instantly adv.立即,马上地;即刻地;立即地acclaim vt.向……欢呼,为……喝采;称赞likewise adv.同样地;也,而且alternative adj.非正统的,不寻常的;两者择一的overstate vt.夸大(某事);把··讲得过分;夸张boost vt.促进,提高;增加;吹捧;向上推起extent n.程度;长度;广大地域;扣押mask vt.掩饰;戴面具;用面具遮住,掩饰skeptical adj.怀疑性的,好怀疑的sluggish adj.反应慢的;懒散的,不活泼的paralysis n.麻痹,瘫痪;中风;无能,无气力venture n.冒险事业;冒险;商业冒险combative adj.好斗的;斗志旺盛的institutional adj.习以为常的;公共机构的hostility n.敌意,敌对状态;战争行动;反对variation n.变化,变动;变异,演变concession n.让步,迁就reap vt.& vi.收割;获得;得到(报偿)diminish vt.(使)减少,缩小;减弱··的权势deter vt.阻止,制止;使不敢unfavorable adj.不利的;相反的;令人不快的entrenched 顽固的,顽强的evade (from)vt.逃避,躲避;避开;规避;逃脱category n.类型,部门,种类,类别misinterpret vt.误解,曲解segment n.部分,段落;环节Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on "worthless" species.In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.。
第一部分真题单词2007Prior to 在…之前Proportionately 成比例的By default 默认的、自动的Foremost 第一流的Be committed to 决心从事、Inefficiency无效率、无能Unveil 揭去、拉开Coverage 覆盖范围Pick up the bill for sb 为某人付账Hybrid 混合物Drive up 快速上升Push by polls 民意调查Legacy 遗留问题Affluence 富足、富裕Make clear 澄清、声明Remarkably 引人注目的Moan 悲叹Chancellor 总理Make a fuss 大惊小怪Queues 长队Innovation 改革、创新Threatened 威胁Reclaim 取回、收回Ironically 嘲讽地Integrity 完整性Ant capitalist反资本主义Make sense言之有理Advocates 提倡者Rational理性的、理智的Tempting吸引人的、诱人的Applicability 适当的、可应用的Statement 声明、陈述Associate 非正式的Conduct 组织、安排Assessments 评估、评价Indicate 表明、表示Espresso 浓咖啡Tongues 语言、舌头Emerged as 立足成为Bilingualism 双语制Signify 意味、预示Preservation 保存、保护Remains to seen 有待观察Linguistic 语言学的Maintenance 维持、保护Conclude 得出结论Low━key低调、张扬Fancy 高档Outcome 结果Greasy 油腻的Individual 个别的、独特的Swear 发誓Intensity 强烈的Plagiarism 剽窃Insulted 侮辱Detect 查明发现Resort to 依靠Divine 神的Identical 同样的完全相同Faulty 错误的、谬误的Probation 留校查看Compassionate 有同情心的Interconnected 互相连接Resent对…感到愤恨2008Paper clip 曲别针Barter 以物易物boost 激励ironing 熨烫衣服garment 衣服primitive 原始的removes 消除hyperinflation 恶性通货膨胀Nor tradable 不能进行交易的Corrupt 腐败的Precapitalist 资本主义之前的Middlemen 中间商Stabbed 刺伤Enrolled 招生、登记Co━founder 共同创办人Grassroots 草根、比喻基层Pledge 保证、誓约Surveillance 监视Tailored 量身定做Mass ion 大量Stand by 袖手旁观Paralyze 使麻痹Skeptical 怀疑Rezoning 重新划分Match 匹配Regardless of 不管Savvy 有见识的Involve 牵涉、包含Permanency永久Shrewd 精明的Throughout 贯穿Incredible 难以臵信Interpret 理解Fellow 同类Stung 刺、蛰伤Guarded 谨慎、保护Suspicion 表示怀疑Reserve反转Disclosure 公开、泄露Fortune 命运财富Uttered 说、言论Tariffs关税Reasoned推论、推断Championing 捍卫、维护Swamped 吞没Superior更好的Preach鼓吹Plead请求Hypocrisy 虚伪Drifting飘移Monetary货币的2009Obliged 迫使Board 董事会Directors 主管Informing 告诉、提供情报Consequences 重要性Dissolved溶化的、结束Propose 正式提议Lobby 游说Quota 定额Solely 唯一的、仅仅Set 固定Recruit招聘Candidates候选人Scarcity不足、稀缺In turn 相应地Pediatric小儿科的Confronts面对Generated 产生、创造Liver 肝脏Reacted 做出反应Posse 一群人Tips 小窍门Stock up 囤积To name a few 列举其中几位Coped 应付、应对Outfit 全套、外套Superficial 肤浅的Strive to do sth 努力做某事Lie at the heart of sth 是…核心Counterpoint 有趣的对比Coercion 强迫、高压政治Spheres 范围、领域Diplomacy 外交Context 环境Diffused 分散Hierarchies 等级制Undermined 破坏Synthesis 综合体Slippery 不可靠的Nail 钉住Vice versa反之亦然Recur 重新、再发生Stubbornly倔强地Admittedly 公认地Flawed 有缺点的Hydrogen 氢气Patriotism 爱国主义Sound 健全的Native 幼稚的Halting 终止、阻止Emissions排放物、发射Consistent 一致的、一贯的Pragmatism 实用主义Overwhelming 势不可挡、艰巨20101.fetching 售得、售卖Auctioneer拍卖师File for 申请Momentum势头Bewilderingly 令人费解的Reckons 认为Enormous 巨大的Egos 自我Overheated 过热的Clients 顾客Executive 总经理、执行官Slump 暴跌、不景气2.addressing 向…讲话gathering 聚会particularly 尤其地talkative 健谈的gesture 做手势puzzled 困惑的crystallize 使明确化irony 具有讽刺意味havoc 灾难、混乱virtual 实际上、几乎的inequities 不平等3.counters 柜台cues 暗示tropical 热带的hygiene 卫生学figure out 弄懂subtle 微妙的moisturizer 润肤膏disinfect 消毒的fabric 针织物multiple 多次的beverage 饮料adolescent 青春期的ritual 仪式erupt 爆发的4.trial审判conscience 良知verdict 裁定intentional 有意的blue━ribbon 一流的inadequacy 不充分的prevalent 流行的eligible 有资格的exempt 免除、豁免landmark 里程碑20112.chronicling 记录、编年史charitable 工艺、慈善subsidize 以津贴补助inhabit 居住、填满had the nerve 好意思做某事stay afloat 维持运营distinctive 有特色的whirlwind旋风、猛烈的势力completeness 完整性savagely 残忍的1.under fire 批评、批判compensation 报酬、薪水bonus payouts 奖金支出proposal 据推测、大概weather平安度过难关proxy 代表权、委托书departure 离开、离去subsequently 其后、随后restate 重申、重新申报likelihood 可能、可能性deport a board 从董事会离职blow 打击摧毁3.stylish 时髦的lommon sense 常识stimulus 刺激物exert 发挥derive from 取源于sophisticated复杂的、精致的landscape 风景forthright 直率的Mispredicted 错误倾向4.Cheerleaders 拉拉队长Continent 大陆Chronic慢性的Acute尖锐的、严重的Converge 使聚集Devaluation 贬值Disintegration 瓦解、崩溃Quasi━automatic 半自动Sanctions 制裁、处罚Rigour 严苛、严酷Intervene 介于…之间Fiscal 财政上Curb 制止、束缚Transfer 转移、调动Monetary 货币Write off 毁掉、结束掉Trading block贸易集团Blunt 使迟钝Conceited 自负的Pessimistic 悲观的20121.Scorned蔑视、鄙视Ritual惯例、老规矩Mandates 命令、指示Exception 个例Address 解决、处理Imporerished 贫困的Chaotic 混乱的Empowering 授权Flat 固定的Thorny棘手的Conversely 相反地Put on hold 搁臵2.Perception 知觉、观念Obsessed 着迷的Intrinsically 从本质上讲Fuse使熔合Girlhood 少女时代Singular突出的Encode编码、加密Masculine 雄性的Intimations 暗示Amplifying 扩大、增强Counsel 建议Magnify 放大、扩大3.Patents 专利证书Isolated 分离Violently 激烈地Agitated 紧张不安的Preliminary 初步的Assured 使相信Overturn 使倾覆、打翻Blessing 幸运、福气Suppress 镇压Monopoly 垄断者Molecule 分子File 提出、提交Violate 侵犯Sequence 数列、顺序Domin 邻域、范围Correlation 相互关系Landscape 形势Packed 挤满人的4.Ultimately 最后、最终Materialistic 物质主义Prudent 明智谨慎的Stagnation 经济停滞Inclusive 包容的Sentiment 观点Dim 变黯淡Elite 精华Inequality 不平等Resentment 怨气、怨恨Lean 不景气Social fabric 社会结构Trivial 无关紧要的20131.Entitle 称做Textile 纺织品、纺织物Keep sb away from 使某人远离…Stubbornly 倔强的Decline 下降、衰退Recession 衰退、不景气Average典型的、普通的Access 使用权Robotics 机器人科学Extra 额外的事物Unique独特的、独一无二的Stand out 突出、脱颖而出Acceleration 加速、促进Note 指出、特别提到Shed 去除、摆脱Previous以前的、以往的Shed workers 裁员For sure 确实、肯定Globalization全球化Revolution 革命Above average 超越平庸2.Immigrant 移民Sojourner 旅居者、逗留者Permanent 永久的、不变的Intention 意图、目的Depart 离开、出发For good 永远地、永久的Affectionate 深情地Rigid 严格的、死板的hail…as…将…誉为…in the making 在酝酿中的、形成的brand 打烙印与framework 框架、骨架mightily 很、非常paralysis 麻痹、无力thrive 兴旺发达、繁荣kick out 踢出contribute to 导致…、有助于…political paralysis over 就…政治的瘫痪entrepreneur 企业家participant 参与者straddle 跨越jurisdiction 司法权、管辖权identity 身份commit 承诺、保证with ease 轻而易举地commit oneself to sth 承诺…accommodate 提供住宿、容纳in motion 在运动中的middle ground 中间立场accomplish 完成、实现the existing system 现有制度3.Prone 易于、倾向于Snap 仓促的、匆忙的Eliminate 消除、排除Hard-wired 直觉地、天生的Be likely to 可能的Mechanism 机制Assess 评定、评估Preferably 较好的、更适宜Neuroticism 神经质、情绪不稳定Slice 切下Ground 打基础Retreat 僻静处、休息寓所Mute 减弱…声音Intermittently 间歇地Contemplate 沉思、思忖Temptation 引诱、诱惑物4.Corporate 法人的、公司的Senior 高级的overwhelmingly 压倒性地、不可抵抗地board 董事会senior management decision 高层管理决策legislation 立法、法律compel 强迫、迫使proportion 比例、部分mandate 授权、命令frustration 挫折、挫败sign up for报名参加issue a call to 发起…号召take sth up 接受…quotas 定量、定额ladder 阶梯、途径glass ceiling 玻璃天花板binding 有约束力的legally binding provisions 具有法律约束reluctance 勉强、不情愿run counter to 违反、背道而驰meritocracy 英才教育obstacle 障碍、干扰the meritocratic ideal 经营管理制理想evade 逃避break through to 突破、突围summit 顶点precisely 确实exception 例外exception to the rule 规则中的例外skepticism 怀疑objectiveness 客观的approval 赞同appropriate 适当的in place 准备妥当newsworthy 有报道价值的just 公正的highly capable person 优秀人才20141.Widow 寡妇Emerge 开始被认知Tin-roofed 铁皮房顶Undivided 未分开的Lottery 彩票Jackpot 头奖、最高奖Fortune 财富Yield 产生、出产Fulfillment 实现、成就A question for sth 某人面对问题New-found fortune 新到手的财富Could do worse than 不妨试试Academic 学术的An array of 一系列Rewarding 有益的Fantasy 幻想、白日梦Counterintuitive 违反直觉的Fancy 昂贵的、精致的Extravagant 奢侈Wear off 减少、磨损Creep in 悄然而至Wears off fairly quickly 很快消失殆尽Be packed with 挤满、塞满Bang for your buck 所做的努力值得Commute 通勤Whopping 巨大的Be jolly for 因为…感到高兴Sparingly 借鉴地A slim volume 薄薄的书卷Wage slave 薪奴Lottery winner 彩票赢家Be better off 过的更好Restrict the availability of sth 限制…的获取An object of obsession 令人痴迷之物Sympathetic 同情的Ambiguous 模糊的Privileged 享有特权的Scarcity 不足、缺乏Mandate 批准、授权Incentive 激励Come away 离开时留下(印象)A privileged lot 特权群体It was money well spent 他物有所值2.Empirical 以实验为依据Deep-seated 深层的、根深蒂固的Employ 使用、采用Self –enhancing 自我提升、自我加强Psychologist 心理学家Amass 聚集Illusory 错觉的、谦虚的Superiority优越感Employ strategies 采取策略Oceans of 海量的、极大量的Above-average effect 高于平均效应Rose-tint 精饰、美化Defensive 自卫的、防御的Stereotype 陈腔滥调的Boost 促进、增加Esteem 尊重、尊敬Stalk 高视阔步Hot stuff 奇才3.Acutely 深刻地Fragile 不牢固的Recovery 复苏Boom and bust 繁荣与萧条Outmode 使…过时Insatiable贪得无厌的Foresee 预见、预知Go away 消失Restructure economy 重构经济Exponential 指数的Improvement 改进、改善Performance 性能Immune 免疫Hail from 来自Be immune from 对…免疫的Scary 可怕的Vulnerable 易受攻击的In the first place 期初、开始Scripted 脚本化的Standardized 标准化的Leave no room for 不留任何余地Individual 个人的、独特的Initiative 主动权、首创精神In short 简言之Perform much better at 更擅长Reinvent 彻底改造Formula 方案、方法Conduct 执行Notion 概念、见解Unexpected 意外的Predictable 可预见的Take initiative 发挥主动性Note 指出Touch on 提及Reframe 重新组织Augment 增加、增大Innovate 改变、改革Institution 制度、大学A rather thanB 取A而舍B4.Infrastructure 基础设施Broadband 宽带Housing 住房、住宅Seldom 很少、不常Shoulder 肩负、承担Shove 挤、撞Inevitable 必然的、不可避免的Housing sector 承担过失The real value 真实价值Nevertheless 然而、不过Affordable 负担得起的Waiting list 候补名单Comprehensive 综合的、详尽的Review 审核、审查Rectify 改正、纠正Prejudice 偏见Address 设法解决、处理Urgent 紧急的Indication 指示、迹象Hint 暗示、示意Introduce 采用、引进Chancellor of the Exchequer 英国财政大臣Flexibility 灵活性、弹性Cap 最高限额Housing stock debt 住宅存量债务Grant 拨款Expire 期满、终止Retain 保持、保留Coalition 联合、联盟Be down to sb 由某人负责Adjust to 适应…2015Contemporary 当代的Prospect 景象、情形Virtually 几乎Unbearable 难以忍受Cling 紧紧抓住Interact 相互交流Approach 接近rejection 拒绝weird 怪异的inherently 固有的、内在的rip off 扯掉、撕掉tuck 把…塞入embarrassed 尴尬的1.Cortisol 皮质醇A place of refuge 避难所Contradict 与…矛盾Nonparents 无子女者Conventional wisdom 传统观点Hold true for 适用于Household 家庭的、日常的Blurring 模糊Kick back 放松下来Lag behind 落后、拖欠Gender 性别Draw 获取、吸Pure 纯洁的Life –sustaining 维持生命的Draw out 取得Nutrition 营养Division 分配Clinically 不偏不倚的Methodically 有方法地、有系统地Inadequate不充分的Removal 移动、搬动Fire 解雇Lay out 安排、布臵Apparently 显然地、似乎Infinite 有限的Motivate 使有动机g落后Dropout 退学Paradox 驳论Recruit 招收A range of 一系列Social class 社会阶层Outline 概述、勾勒Potential 可能的Measured by 以…为衡量标准Next-to –no-cost 几乎无成本的Recipients 接受者Grant 助学金Thesis 论点Modest 较小的Intervention 干预Cite 引用Navigate 理解、应对Acknowledge 承认Middle-class culture 中产阶级文化3.Lingua franca 通用语Right-brained 右脑的、感性的Spin 快速旋转Parachute 空降、空投Era 时代Male-dominated男性占主导地位Explicitly 清楚地Conscious 有意的Infuse 灌输Allegiance忠诚、拥护Importation 引进、输入Terminology 学科术语Amid 在…中间Prompt 促进、激起Buzzword 某一领域的时髦用语Personal fulfillment 个人成就In its own right 凭借自身的能力Devote yourself to sth 投身于某事Office speak 办公室语言Linguist 语言学家Nonsense 无稽之谈Mock 嘲笑4.The Labor Department 劳工部Decent 相当好的Unemployment 失业率For now 目前来看Move forward 前行Largely 基本上Overlook 忽视、忽略Voluntarily 自愿地Figure 数字、数据Its year ago level 其一年前的水平Distinction 区别Evidence 证据、迹象Make ends meet 收支相抵Recession 衰退General direction 总体趋势Be down by …from 在…的基础上降低了Reference参考、参照Be classified as 被归入…类Issue 话题Insurance 保险Previously 先前的Cover 投保2016Productive 多产的、富饶的Inclination 意向、倾向Publicly traded firms上市公司Sure enough 果然Intensity 强度、力度Correlate 使相互关联Find out 找出、查明Be headquartered 总部设在某地Hold 继续使用Codified 将…编成文典Sentiment 感情、情绪Arrtibute to 把…归因于Take a longer –term view 眼光放长远Plausible 有道理的Forward-thinking 前瞻的、有远见的Hint at 暗示Lean toward 倾向于1.Coding 编码、编程Essential 必不可少的Computer science 计算机科学Catch up 赶上、追上Introductory 入门的、初步的Course 课程Assistant dean 副院长Exposure 接触、体验Beneficial 有利的、有用的Confusing 令人困惑的String’一连串Artwork 插图Hypothesis 假设、假说Transform 转换Break down 拆分Bit-sized 很小的Chunk 大块Jobs gap 职位空缺Brim 边沿Determined 有决心的Drive…away 赶跑Bootcamp 训练营Curriculum 课程Gear 使与…相适应Instructor 讲师Base on 根据Drop out of 退学、辍学Relevant 紧密相关的Consultant 顾问Surround 环绕、围绕Coax 劝诱、哄劝Misguide 误导2.Estimate 估计、估算Stretch 延伸、绵延Grassland 草原、草地Occupy 占据、居住Range 生长区、分布区Crash 暴跌、猛跌Desperate 危急的、严峻的Designate 指定、认定Endangered 频临灭绝的Tag 标签、标志Flexibility 灵活性Confrontational 对抗性的Conservation 保护、保存Forge 形成Prosecute 起诉、控告Unintentionally 无意地、非故意地Restore 恢复、复原Acre 英亩Compensate 弥补、补偿Interim 临时的Coalition 联盟、联合体In the driver’s seat 出于控制地位Rhetoric花言巧语Block 阻止Challenge 拒绝接受Extinction 灭绝Win-win rhetoric 双赢说辞3.Thorny 棘手的Flywheel 飞轮、惯性轮Spin 旋转Exhausted 筋疲力尽的Overwhelmingly 势不可挡的Interrupt 打断Merely 仅仅Efficient 高效的Free up 腾出Maximize 充分利用Approach 对待、处理Instrumentally 起作用地Advance 促进、推动Immersive 沉浸式的Fulfilling 使人感到满足的Infinite 无限的、极多的Conveyor belt 传送带Mind-set 思想倾向Fulfill 注满、装满Slot in 安臵、安排To-do list 任务清单Schedule 安排、计划Regular 定期的、固定的Fuel 刺激、使加剧Ritualistic 仪式的Distraction 使人分心的事物Providing 以…为条件Dip 浸、蘸Default 默认的Temporarily 暂时的、临时的Surface 浮出水面4.Backdrop 背景Poll 民意调查Milestone 里程碑Retire 退休Constitute 组成、构成Fulfilling 令人满意的Strikingly 惹人注目的Prioritize 按优先顺序列出Fulfillment 满足感Advance 前进Favor 较喜欢、选择Financially 经济地Maintain 保持、维持Serve 为…提供服务Pace of life 节奏生活Financially secure 经济保障Contrast 差别、差异Aftermath 后果、余波Searing 炽热的、剧痛的The great recession 大衰退Define 给…下定义Virtually 实际上Spread through 蔓延到Consumer preference 消费者偏好Converge 趋同Overwhelming 巨大的、压倒性的Somewhat 有点儿Prospect 乐观的Climb 地位上升Signpost 路标、标志物Secure 获得Affordable 买得起的Converge on 在…上观点一致Technician 技师、技术人员Steadily 稳定地、稳固地Mortgage 抵押贷款附加英一真题19971.Take a vote 进行表决Parliamentary 议会、国会Legal authority 法律当局Debates 讨论Incurably不能治愈的Convincing令人信服的Immediately 立即Picked up sth 看听到Executive director执行董事Via 通过、凭借Bulletin 公告Take a while 花费一些时间Sink in 被完全理解Implications含义、暗示Breathed sighs of relief 长舒一口气Bitterly 残酷的Tide 潮汐、季节Consider 考虑Observers 观察家Objection 反对、异议Chiefly 首先、主要Significance 意义Request 要求Diagnosed 诊断Terminally 临终地、晚期的Certificate 证明Condition 状况、条件Clawing at 抓、撕Opposition 反对Suspicion 怀疑Approval赞同Indifference漠不关心的2.Consistently一贯地、坚持地Courteous 有礼貌的Observation 评论、言论Deserves 应当Comment 意见、解释The harsh realities严酷的现实Hospitality 好客的Frontier 边疆turn…to 向…求助charitable 慷慨、慈善reflected 表现、表达entertain善待harshness 艰难、严酷out of 出于specialize 专门从事interpreted 理解、领会superficial 表面的、肤浅的as the result of 作为…的结果artificial 虚伪的assumptions假定underlies 构成…基础interrelationships相互关系patterns 模式a brief encounter 短暂的邂逅distinguish 分辨3.Technically 根据确切意义的Substance 物质Drug addict 吸毒成瘾的人Neutral 中立的、公平的Heroin 海洛因Cocaine 可卡因Other than 除…之外Poisonous有毒的Pervasive 无处不在的Sociable 友好的、好交际的Nerves 神经紧张Constructive 有助益的Misuses 滥用的Intense 强烈的Perceptual知觉的Distortions 扭曲Repeated use of 反复使用Dependence 依赖Marked 表明、指明Tolerance 抗药性Withdrawal 解毒过程、脱瘾Discontinued 停止Overwhelming 压倒一切、占主流的Piercing尖的、穿透的Exclusive 专用Quantitative 定量使用Consumption 消费Stimulant 兴奋剂Depressant 镇定剂Initially 最初的、首先地Radically 极端地Consciousness 意识Psychoactive作用于精神的Comparison 比较、对照Misapprehension 误解4.Accomplish 完成、实现Executives经理、管理人员Corrupt 腐化、堕落Mainfestation 显示、表明Issue 重要的议题Corporate团体、公司的Took over 接住Cable 有线电视Deal 交易Restructure 调整结构、改组Defended 捍卫、保卫Releasing 发行Outlet 发泄途径Disputable 富有争议的Retreat 撤退Backing off 放弃Extent 程度Verse句、节Cited 引用Potentially潜在的Objectionable 令人反感的Distribution分配Board 董事会Amendment 宪法修正案Perhaps 或许、假定Neglect 忽视Stuck to 坚持Yield 屈服Spokesmen 发言人Objective 客观的5.Precise 精确Uncertain 不确定的Variable 变化不确定的Lags滞后期Analogy类比、类推Likens 显示两事物的相像Boast 自吹自擂Slightly 轻微的Polls 对…调查Panels 小组A flash in the pan 昙花一现As a whole 作为一个整体Favourable 有利的Mild 缓和的Thrilling 令人兴奋的Defective 有缺陷的Based upon以…为基础Definite 明确19981.Capture 俘获Giant 巨大的at the mercy of 任人摆布的drought 干旱threaten 预示、可能来临striving努力奋斗cemented 加强、巩固status 地位bid 努力实现silt 淤泥reservoir 水库myth 廖见、神话persist 继续存在contention 争辩irrigation 灌溉monster 巨大的、庞大的dealing 行为、交易look before you leap 三思而行more haste ,less speed 欲速则不达2.Tale 讲述、叙述Mildly 轻微地Lump…together 把…合在一起Somewhat 稍微、有点Rebound 反弹Conclusive 令人信服的Underlying 潜在的、隐含的Anecdote传闻、趣事The picture 情形、形势Profitable可盈利的Matter just as much 具有同等重要性Speculative猜想的Restructuring 重建、重组Ineptly 无能的Suppose 猜想、以为Revenue 财政收入chopping out 减少、缩减blunter 直言不讳dismiss 不予考虑consultants 顾问radical 根本的、激进的3.Trial 审判Harsh remarks against 针对…激烈的言论Humanities 人文的Schism 分立、分裂Deepened 加深Confrontation 对抗、冲突Contempt 蔑视Dissatisfaction 不满Separation分裂、分歧Notably 显著地Superstition 迷信Assembled 集合、聚集Exemplify例示、举例说明Contradict 反驳、同…相矛盾Reveals 揭露Advocated 提倡Elimination 消除Republicans 共和党人Stocks 家族、公债Epithet 称号、词语Enlighten 文明Enemies 仇敌Ozone layer 臭氧层Pioneer 先行者、开拓者Dispute 对…提出质疑Manifesto 声明、宣言Impartial 公平的、不偏不倚的Subjective 主观的Objective 客观的4.Discern 了解、识别Perplexing 复杂、困惑Emerging 呈现、新兴的Implications 可能影响的结果In years ahead 可能的影响Enthroned 使登基、即位Head counting 人口调查Prevail 盛行Census 人口普查Crop of 成批的Witness 经历Demographers 人口统计学家Moreover 而且As joined by 伴随着Square mile 平方英里Compose 组成Plague 灾害Considerably 相当多Distribution分配、分布Highlights 强调Reveals 揭露Elaborates 详尽阐述Unanimously 无一例外5.Geologist 地质学家Leave trails of 遗留下…遗迹Milestone 重要事件、里程碑Passage 推移Complementary 互补的Beyond dispute毋庸臵疑Coastline 海岸线Anchor 固定、锚It appears that 看起来是Deduced 推论Propel 推动、驱使Mutability 易变性Be confined to 限于19991.Rough充满暴力、危险Doormat 门垫Light up 点燃Lawsuit 诉讼、控制Compensate 补偿Be relieved of 免受于Misfortune 不幸、灾祸Sued 起诉Inadequacies 不充分、不足Defendants 被告Paralyzed 使瘫痪Carry weight 有分量、起作用Issued 发布Tort law侵权案Bombard 炮击、轰炸Triviality 琐事Moderate 适度的、中等的Has one's way 依照自己的意思行事Legal liability 法律责任2.Or so 左右Revolved around 围绕、Tap 开发、引出或获取Make sense 行得通、有意义Fanciful 奇特、幻想Nonetheless 然而、不过Pathway 路径、方式Transactions 交易Intranet 内部网络Subscribers 订购者Customize 定制Commercial 商业促销Fades 逐渐消失Interactivity 互动、交互性Take the plunge 果断行事、决定3.Rush to 争相Indispensable 不可缺少Invisible 看不见的Prospects 前景Radical 基本的、全新的Explore 探究、探讨Contradiction 矛盾Goes to the heart of 触及问题核心Aims at以…为目标Technical 技术的、科学的Universally 普遍地Attend 照例去、出席Competently 胜任的、称职的Pursue 追求Forsake 抛弃Pessimism 悲观主义Cheery 兴高采烈Bank on 依靠、指望Presumptuous自以为是Acquaintance 了解Complementary 互补Host of 许多、大量Auxiliary辅助备用Mastered 精通4.Animal husbandry 畜牧业Federal 联邦的Proposed 提议的、建议的Feverishly 兴奋地、发热地Panel 讨论小组Narrowly 严格地Molecular 分子Crucial 关键Stem from 来自、起源、造成Ethical 伦理的、道德的Endanger 危害Explicitly 明确地Offspring 后代Indicated 表明的、指示的Clinics 诊所Favored 较喜欢、选择5.Preparedness 有准备、已准备Supposedly 据称Unpredictable 不可预测的Journal报纸、定期杂志Inquiring 咨询、打听Fruitful肥沃的Substitute 替代Research conference 研讨会Advisability 可取性Graphs 图表的Inconclusive 无定论的Speculate 思索、思考Substitute A with B 以A代B Replace A with B 以B代A Concise 简明Auditors 审计人员Distracted 使分心、分散注意力Conformity 一致性Discriminating 有差别的对待Implies 暗示20001.Revival 复苏Effortless 轻松的、不费力的Handicap 障碍Driving force动力Unparalleled 无比的、空前的Prosperous 繁荣的Beyond the dream 做梦也无法想象Predominance 优势、主导Potential 潜在的Retreat 撤退Narrowed 变窄、变小At a loss 困惑、不知所措Sweep into 涌向On the ropes 岌岌可危Textile 纺织业Sensational 耸人听闻的Quick-witted 机敏的、机智的Intense 热情2.Mortality 死亡率Crucial 关键性Diminished 减少、缩小Roughly 大致、差不多Mediocrity 平凡、庸人Tribes 部落Savage 未开化的人Descendants 后代、后裔Ugliness 丑陋3.Farfetched 牵强的Unreasonable 无理的Advisable 明智的、可取的In brief 总而言之Unhampers 不受阻碍的Imitate 模仿At will 任意、随意Explanatory 解释的、说明的Fulfills 履行、执行Transient 短暂的4.Postwar 战后的Revealed 揭示、启示Aimlessness 漫无目的的Rigid 严格、不变的In addition 另外Counterpart 相对Test taking 应试Frustration 挫败感Amid 在期间Outcry 强烈抗议Conservative 保守Raise eyebrows 表示出不满Morality 道德、美德Stress A over B 对A的强调超过B Centralization 中央化House hold 家庭One-quarter 四分之一5.Destiny 命运Deem 认为Vitality 活力Admire 钦佩Odd 奇怪、古怪Hypocrisy 伪善、虚伪Not least 尤其是Confess 坦白、承认Acquisitive 渴求获取财务Vulgar 庸俗的Spectacle 情景的Formerly 从前Formulation 明确的表达Contemptible 可鄙的Profess 宣称Sly 秘密的Enroll 注册Get on in life 出人头地Impulse 动力Vigorously 活力、坚决的Momentarily 暂时的Verbally 口头上20011.Distinction 差别、区分Amateur 业余的Connotation 含义、内涵Integrated 完整的Consequent 必然、结论Primacy 首要、至高无上的Incorporate 结合Overall 总体Differentiation 区别、不同Referee 审阅、鉴定Demonstrate 证明Under way 已经开始、在进行中Reckoned 看作、认为是Subtle 轻微Hostility 敌意2.Justify 证明Visible 显而易见的Combating 战胜Wipe out 消除May well 很可能Impoverished 贫乏的With respect to sth 至于、关于Sovereignty 主权、最高权威Infrastructure 基础设施Capital资金Harbor 港口Telecom 电信3.Distrust 不信任Self-analysis 自我剖析Factual 事实的Illuminating 启发Turned out to be 结果是·Templates 模式、样板Newsroom 编辑部·Backbone 主干、框架Narrative 叙述、故事Metropolitan 大城市的、大都会的Upscale 高端的、高消费Trade stocks 炒股·Explosive爆炸性的Symplosiums 研讨会Vastly 特别、极大的4.Mergers 合并、吸收·Sweep 席卷Hyperactive 极其活跃的Unsurpassed 未被胜过的Multinational 多国的、跨国的Affiliates 分公司、隶属机构For instance 例如Ultimate 终极的、根本的Force behind 推动Detrimental 不利的、有害的Operation 经营业务Scanty 缺乏的、不足的Lender 出借人Gigantic 巨大的Infringement 违反、侵害5.Occurred to sb 某人意识到某事Lateral move 平级调动Block 阻碍Prompt 促使Profile 受公众注意程度Disgraced 失势的Compel 强迫In the manner 以…方式Passionate 出于热情的Preach 宣扬Settle for sth 满足于Mold 形成Publicize 公开宣称Resignation 辞职Doctrine 教义、压力Strain 负担、压力A bit of everything 容易满足Materialistic lifestyle 物质生活Well-established trend 明确趋势Term 被称为Newsletters 简讯Tips 指点、指示Cling-film保鲜膜20021.Identify 识别Insympathy with 支持某人某事Addressing向…讲话Disorganized 计划不周、杂乱无章Comment 评论、发表意见Push aside 把人推到一边Stomp 重踏移动、行进Conscious 感觉到、认识到Entitle 给于某人某事权利Appropriate 合适Be in a position to 有资格、有能力·Notorious 臭名昭著Inedible 不宜食用的Resent感到愤怒的Disparaging蔑视、诽谤的stick to 坚持scapegoats 替罪羊appropriate 合适remarks谈论、评论laughing stock 笑料casual 自然地light-hearted 轻松的deliver 授课、讲道exaggerated 夸张2.Ingenuity 创造力、心灵手巧Initially 最初的Devised 想出、设计Cunning巧妙的Burdensome难以承担的Compulsion 强制、难以抗拒的冲动Conferrrig 授予、头衔Gizmos 小玩意Presence 出席Removed 解放、开除Transaction 交易Miniaturization 小型化Sub millimeter 亚毫米Precision 准确性Device 装臵、器具Surgery 外科Utility 实用、效用Interact 互相作用、互相影响Dynamic 动态、变化Verbally 口头的Spell 一段时间Transistor 晶体管Microprocessors 微处理器Nerve 神经Fraction 少量、一点儿Irrelevant 不相关的Instaneously 即刻地Approach 接近、比得上3.Dramatically 戏剧性的Doom 命运、厄运Tripling 三倍Scary 可怕Gloom 忧郁、愁闷Quadrupled 四倍Push up 推助Suspended 暂停Hemisphere 半球Grips 紧握In the short term 短期内Retail 零售Muted 暗中的Pump price 出泵价格Economic consequences 经济影响Fluctuate 波动、涨落Have impact on 对…产生影响Emerging economy 新兴经济体Sizable 相当大的Price index 价格指标Gloomy 阴暗的4.Implications 可能的影响Foreseen 预见Dying 垂死的Constitutional 宪法的、立宪的Morphine 吗啡Dosage 剂量Terminally 致命的Contend 主张、争辩Hasten 加快、匆忙做Maintains 断言Legitimate 合理的、公正的Homicide 杀人Hold sb guilty 认为某人有罪Agony 巨大痛苦Release 发布、发行Ineffectual 无效的Hospice护理所Code 道德标准Twin problems 双重标准Inadequate 不充分的Insufficient 不足的Desperate 绝望的Initiative 计划、措施Incompetently 不胜任、无能力的Presumptively 据推测的、距推定Systematic 系统化To the extent that 达到…程度2003y the roots for为…打下基础Espionage 间谍活动Pastime 消遣活动Reshape重塑V ocation 职业Remold改变、更新Restore 恢复、复原Revive 复兴Honor 表彰As well 也Episode插曲、片段、经历Point and click网络、电脑Spook 间谍门Compile 汇编、收集Mastery掌握、控制Mutually 互相地、双方的Reinforcing 加固、加强Distribution 分发、发送Vacuuming真空、吸Sign-ups登录网络发布信息Earn one's keep谋生之所在Lean 节俭、精简Military 军事的、军用的Outsider 局外人、圈外人Back-and-forth 来回、往还Dramatic 戏剧性的、惹人注目的Guarantess 担保、保证Nonconformist 新教徒的、不墨守成规的2.Stateman政治家Misguided 被误导的Cause 事业、理想Biomedical 生物医学的Ruling out 阻止Target 目标指向Allegation 号召、呼吁Perplexed 使迷惑Deliberately 故意Thereby 由此、从而Booth摊位Immunizations 免疫接种Vaccines疫苗Well-meaning 好心的Fair 商品交易会Discontent 不满Ignorance无知Compassionate 有同情心的Hip 髋骨Bypass 旁路、旁道Unware 不察觉的At worst 说的难听点Vicious 不道德的Deceptive 欺骗人的Misinformation 错误信息Pointless 无意义的Stakeholders 有发言权的、参与人Personality 名人Uninformed 无知、不了解的Citizenry 全体公民或市民Extinguish 熄灭Practitioner 从业者Enthusiast 热衷者Embers 余烬、余火Informed 了解情况3.Mergers 合并Monopoly垄断、经营Neightened加强、提高Freight 货运Allow for 有利于Removed 凶猛、残忍的Bulk 大批、大量的Trucking 运输业Shipper 托运商In the long run 从长远看Flourish 繁荣Arbiter 仲裁人、裁决人Surge 急剧增加、飞涨Apprehensive 忧虑的Indignant 愤恨的、义愤的Acquisition 收购As a whole 整体的4.Pressing 难以退却Small wonder 不足为奇Life expectancy 寿命Clinical depression 临床抑郁Cataract 白内障Procedure 程序、步骤Confront the reality 正视现实Programmed 人或动物按方式进行Disintegrate 衰弱、瓦解Perish 死亡、灭亡Aggressive 极端大胆地Fatal 致命的Unaffordable 支持不起的、无力负担的Late-stage长期的Reverse 颠倒、逆转Unsustainable 不可持续的Scholars 学者Finite 有限的Sustains维持Infirm 病弱的、体弱的Go that for 做得那么极端Routinely 例行公事Energetic 精力充沛Dazzling 惊人的、炫目的Surgeon 外科医生Living proof 活生生的例子Reserved consent 有保留的赞同Disapproval 强烈反对Overfund 对…提供资金过多Quest 寻找Humbler 简单而实用Extravagantly 奢侈Reasonably 合理20041.Stumble across 无意间碰到Interactive 互相影响、互相作用Criteria 标准Intellectual property 知识产权Notification 布告、告示Struck 开采出、发现In-house counsel 公司内部顾问Drawback 缺点、不利条件Eliminate 排除Advisory 顾问、咨询的Rely on依靠Tempt 吸引、引起…兴趣Signed up签约雇佣Potential 潜在的、可能的Match 相匹配的人和物2.Discrimination歧视Condemned 指责、反对Insidious 潜伏的、暗中为害Thrive 繁荣、兴旺Refers to与某人Surnames姓Overlooked 忽视Inequality 不平等Suspicuous 可疑的、猜疑的Has a big advantage over胜过Thumb through 匆匆翻阅Evenly 均匀地Conspicuous 显眼的、惹人注目的Bias 偏心、偏袒Predecessors 前任Heads of government 政府首脑The rot sets in 情况开始出毛病Short-sight 近视、目光短浅Literally 确实地Shortlist 决选名单Recipients接受者Plough through them 费力阅读、吃力专研Dozing off 打鼾3.Bite one's nail 束手无策Manicurist 指甲修饰师Softening economy 疲软的经济Downscale 缩减…的规模Suburban 效外的Dealerships 代理权、经销权Lag 走得急慢、落后Retailer 零售商人Sound any alarms 拉响警钟Predominantly 主要地Frenzied 狂热的、疯狂的Ingredient 要素、因素Silver lining 一线希望Toasting 举杯祝酒4.Entertainers 专业演员Symptoms 征兆Pervasive 普遍的、渗透的Traces the roots of 追溯…根源Anything but 根本不Ddistaste 厌恶、不喜欢Vulnerable脆弱Exploitation 剥削、榨取Undervaluing 低估、轻视Populist 平民主义Noble 高贵的Smells of 强烈的暗示、带有…Suppressing 压抑Pioneer 先驱Innate 天生的、先天的Contemplative 深思熟虑的Grasp 理解Manipulate 操作使用Theorizes建立理论Eagerness 渴望、热心Identify识别、认同Ponders 深思、考虑Evolves 演变、变化Construct 编制、绘制With respect to关于、至于Stationary 静止Interior 内部Deduced 推论A frame of reference 参照标准Propel 驱使、迫使Rest over 停留在…上Initiates 开始、传授Just as 正像。
考研英语历年真题词汇
考研英语历年真题词汇大全
1. parliamentary adj. 议会的
2 .territory n. 领土, 版图, 地域
3 incurably adv.治不好地, 不能矫正地
4 convincing adj.令人信服的', 有力的, 令人心悦诚服的
5 flashed vi.闪光, 闪现, 反射, 使迅速
6 pick up v.掘地, 捡起, 获得, 使恢复精神, 加快, 看到, 随便地认识, 加速
7 bulletin n.公告, 报告
8 import n.进口货, 进口, 输入, 意思, 重要性vt.输入, 进口, 含...的意思, 重要, 引入
9 sink in 被了解
10 implication n.牵连, 含意, 暗示
11 bitterly adv.苦苦地, 悲痛的, 厉害的
12 haste n.匆忙, 急忙
13 turn back v.使停止往前, 往回走, 翻回到, 重新提到, 折转, 挡住
14 euthanasia n.安乐死
15 dominoes 多米诺。
2010年考研英语(一)真题及答案解析2010年考研英语(一)真题及答案解析2010年考研英语(一)真题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The idea that hard work is the key to success is nothing new.1,_____new research from psychologist Anders Ericsson and 2_____ colleagues suggests that practice is the magic number of greatness.Ericsson studies thousands of chess players, musicians, athletes and others. He 3_____ out the average number of training hours per week the people he studied 4_____ in _____ to reach world-class levels of performance. Across the board, 5_____ to the 10 years or 10,000 hours were required. 6_____, more recent research_____ out that the amount of practice time needed may vary in fields that____ many social or physical activities. 7_____, deliberate practice is the key ingredient for achieving______ results in any field.Deliberate practice is not just mindless repetition. It is a purposeful and thoughtful 8_____ that requires intense focus. 9_____have discovered that top performers spend less time in _____ practice compared to average performers, but their practice is so much more productive. They grow_____, receive constant feedback and continually 10_____ their performance.Achieving world-class performance, according to Ericsson, is not about talent or innate ability; it is all about deliberate practice.1. [A] But[B] Or [C] So [D] Yet2. [A] their[B] his [C] other [D] the3. [A] found [B] turned[C] checked[D] carried4. [A] took part [B] trained [C] relied [D] engaged5. [A] up to [B] for [C] in addition [D] by far6. [A] Consequently [B] Importantly[C] Additionally[D] Meanwhile7. [A] Although [B] Besides[C] However[D] Therefore8. [A] future[B] experience [C] exercise [D] performance9. [A] Workers [B] Researchers [C] Engineers [D] Scientists10. [A] evaluate[B] develop [C] explain [D] demonstrate解析:1. [A] But 是转折连词,与"hard work is the key to success"对立,而下文要说明practice才是成功的关键,所以应该选[A] But。
2010真题swine flu 猪流感epidemic 传染病,流行病heightened 提高的,增加的alert 警惕,警戒assemble 召集,召开(会议)severity 严重程度in progress 在进行中hospitalization 长期住院,住院治疗crop up 突然出现,突然发生virtually 几乎,事实上stockpile 库存,积蓄vaccine 疫苗dose (药物的)剂量,一剂relay 转送,转发(信息,消息等)place order 订购,下订单take order 接受订单deliver order 交付订货give order 下订单,订购prevalent 流行的,普遍的agony 极大的痛苦,痛楚ward 监护,守护;挡住,架住;避开;收容ward off 避开,挡住auctioneer 拍卖师,拍卖商bid 出价,投标bull run 牛市态势file for 申请,提交momentum 势头bewilderingly 令人费解地reckon 认为rise bewilderingly 急剧增长enormous egos 膨胀的自我unfashionable 不合时宜的,过时的auction house 拍卖行downturn (经济活动、生产等)下降、衰退fluctuant 波动的slump (价格、数值等)暴跌、不景气、萧条address 发表演说、向…讲话suburban 郊区的crystallize 使明确化、使具体化irony 具有讽刺意味的情况wreak (对某物)造成破坏,造成混乱havoc 灾难,混乱wreak havoc with 给…带来浩劫virtual 实际上的,事实上的tangible 确凿的、实在的,有形的(资产)stereotypical 典型的,带有成见的cue 提示、暗示hygiene 卫生(学)subtle 微妙的disinfecting 消毒的shrewd 精明的adolescent 青春期的ritual 仪式,例行公事slip A in between B and C 将A悄悄放在B和C之间viable 可行的ruthless 无情的、残忍的tactic 策略;战术,战略jury 陪审团qualification 限定性条件,资格,授权entitled 有资格的verdict 裁定,裁决intentional 有意的elite 精英,掌权人物blue-ribbon 一流的、头等的eligible 有资格的,合适的,合格的exempt 免除、豁免unconstitutional 违反宪法的,不符合章程trumpet 大声宣告、大肆宣扬substantially 实质上、大体上intimate 亲近的aviation 航空sustainability 忍受力,持续性sign on with 与…签约translate 导致、造成reciprocate 报答,回报stagnant 停滞的————————————————2011真题sweep across 席卷,横扫lawless 不守法的,不受法律控制的,无法无天的credential 证书,凭据issue (组织或某官员)发给,分发issue a passport/permit/visa 分发护照、许可证、签证carry on sth 继续进行,继续从事某事linger on 逗留,继续存留in effect 实际上,事实上thriving 繁荣的,昌盛的delight 高兴,愉快initiative 倡议,新方案;主动性;自发的,创始的,初步的mentality 心态,思想状况envision 展望,想象indifference 冷漠,冷淡under fire 受到攻击和批评bonus payouts 奖金支出outside director 外部董事presumably 据推测,大概,可能,想来weather 平安渡过(难关),挨过,经受住a firm’s board 公司董事会make one’s wealth and reputation 功成名就subsequently 其后,随后,接着restate 重申,重新申报,再次声明proxy statement 股东委托书restate earnings 重申盈利federal class-action lawsuit 联邦集体诉讼incentive 动机,鼓励,刺激;刺激性的,鼓励性质的a blow to reputations 有损名誉chronicle 将(某事物)载入编年史subsidize 以津贴补助,以金钱收买flee to the Internet 转向互联网shrug off 对…满不在乎,不屑一顾afloat 漂流者的,飘浮不定的stay afloat 维持运营push sb/sth overboard 抛弃、甩掉某人/某事have the nerve 好意思做某事,有胆量做某事desperate measures 孤注一掷的措施whirlwind 旋风;猛烈的势力;破坏性的力量或事物distinctive 有特色的,与众不同的,区别的bureau (美国政府部门)局,处,科;(提供某方面信息的)办事处savagely 野蛮地;残忍地;粗野地line up 排队marriage bureau 婚姻登记处take up posts 就职derive from 由…起源,取自sophisticated 复杂的,精致的signature phrase 口头禅mask the fact 掩盖事实commission 委任,授予;委员会aesthetic 美学的,审美的forthright 直率的,直截了当的,(观点)明确的cheerleader 啦啦队队长,(强有力的)支持者chronic 慢性的,长期的,习惯性的devaluation (货币)贬值disintegration 瓦解,奔溃stuck 动不了的,被卡住的,被难住的sanction 制裁,处罚suspension 暂停,悬挂rigour 严苛,严酷backed by 依靠,在…支持下a small majority 微弱多数intervene 介于…之间,干预,介入fiscal 财政上的murmur 发牢骚,私下抱怨intervene in 介入,干预blunt 使迟钝benign 温和的,仁慈的,善良的write off 毁掉,结束掉,认定…不重要(或无用、不可救药),忽视halt 使停止,使中断,阻止inconceivable 不能想象的,不可思议的,难以置信的bold 勇敢的,无畏的,莽撞的inducement 诱导,诱惑,诱因lure 吸引,引诱takeaway 外卖食品,外卖店radical 激进的,彻底的back 支持take a toll on 造成损失(或危害,伤亡)————————————————2012真题mindless 愚笨的,盲目的,无谓的tear…away from sth 使依依不舍地离开,忍痛离去brutal 残忍的,野蛮的rebel 反叛,反抗bear 承受,忍受(负担)commodity 商品article 物件,物品turn over 移交,交托;仔细考虑pass down 继承,遗传personality 性格,个性portray 描绘,扮演(某角色)colony 殖民地,群体patrol 巡逻,巡查commute 上下班往返,经常往返(于两地)parallel 与…相似,与…并行counteract 抵消,中和from the outset 从开始时scorn 蔑视,鄙视revise 改变,修正ritual 惯例,老规矩,例行公事,仪式impoverish 贫困的chaotic 混乱的implication 含义,暗示on one’s own 独立做某事flat 固定的across-the-board 一刀切的thorny 棘手的put on hold 搁置,暂缓实施pervasive 普遍的,无处不在的intrinsically 从本质上(讲)fuse 使熔合be obsessed with 痴迷于…be pervasive in 充斥于…nursery 育儿室,托儿所pastel (色彩)淡的,柔和的toddler 幼童counsel 建议agitated 紧张不安的,焦虑的preliminary 初步的,预备的overturn 使倾覆,打翻monopoly 垄断者,垄断企业file 提出,提交,发表file a brief 提交案情提要the Supreme Court 最高法院file a patent for 就…提交专利申请convention 会议,惯例,习俗coach sb on sth 对某人就某事进行培训prudent 明智谨慎的,节俭的,精明的reckless 轻率的,鲁莽的,不顾后果的find silver linings 寻找一线希望stagnation 经济停滞、不景气reinforce 加强,强化resentment 怨气,怨恨,不满discern 识别,看清,领域lean 不景气的,贫瘠的,精干的poll 民意调查,民意测验trivial 无关紧要的,平凡的craze 时尚,时髦,热潮exemplary 模范的,可做楷模的cunning 狡猾,狡诈ruthlessness 无情,冷酷commemorate 庆祝,纪念resolute 坚决的,坚定的steadfast 忠诚的,坚贞不渝的epochal 具有时代意义的immense 巨大的wage 发动,进行(战争,战斗)multiplicity 多样性downstairs 底层阶级upstairs 上层阶级brain drain 人才流失deprive 剥夺follow the warranty policy 履行保修协议————————————————2013真题(just) around the corner 很近,就在附近come to fruition 完成,实现around 出现,有reverse 承认错误,放弃(立场),反转resume 重新开始,继续eliminate 消除,清除pass down 遗传,沿袭withdraw 提,取(银行账户中的款项)fraud 欺骗,诈骗alter 修改,改变manipulation 操纵,控制trail 踪迹,痕迹average is over 告别平庸textile 纺织品textile mill 纺织厂stubbornly 顽固地;倔强地stand out 突出,脱颖而出shed 去除,摆脱shed workers 裁员above average 超越平庸,高于平均水平sojourner 旅居者;逗留者for good 永远地;一劳永逸地affectionate 深情的;充满深情的birds of passage 候鸟,漂泊的人along with A come B 做某事的既有A,又有Brigid 严格的;僵硬的,死板的mightily 很,非常thrive 兴旺发达,繁荣,蓬勃发展straddle 跨立于;跨越jurisdiction 管辖范围in motion 在运动中的middle ground 中间立场,中间地带prone 有…倾向的;易于;倾向于snap 仓促的,匆忙的hard-wired 直觉的,天生的,本能的be prone to 易于…,有…的倾向snap decision 快速决策,仓促决定important defense mechanism 重要防御机制be hard-wired to do sth. 天生会做某事exclusive 独有的,专有的,独占的realm 领域,范围prime 使准备好be exclusive to 专为…所独享prime sb to do sth 使某人准备好应付某种情况screener 筛选者real estate agent 房产中介retreat 僻静处,隐居处,休息寓所mute 减弱…的声音;引申为控制,抑制intermittently 间歇地,断断续续地contemplate 沉思,思忖temptation 引诱,诱惑物board 董事会,委员会,理事会corporate boards 董事会compel 强迫,迫使mandate 授权,命令,指令frustration 挫折,挫败quota 定量,定额,指标ladder 阶梯,途径,梯状物binding 有约束力的legally binding provisions 具有法律约束力的条款run counter to 违反,与…背道而驰,逆向的,相反的meritocracy 英才教育;精英管理班子fancy 喜爱,想要anonymity 匿名,不知名come in handy 派得上用场surplus 剩余的,过剩的frugal 节俭的,朴素的,花钱少的overwhelmed 受宠若惊的,不知所措的,压倒charity sale 义卖for the sake of 为了on the verge of …的边缘be desirous of 希望desired 喜欢的,心仪的in financially strained families 家境贫寒的erosion of study time 侵蚀学习时间————————————————2014真题moderately 适度地,不过分地collegiate 学院的,学院学生的conversely 相反地,以相反的方法in terms of 依据,按照in respects of 关于,在…方面in essence 本质上,实质上in turn 转而,相应地qualify 可被认为是,可算作是disgrace 耻辱,丢脸的事;出丑stereotype 陈词滥调,刻板印象,陈规旧习harbor 心怀,怀有institute 建立,制定initiative 新倡议、行动、方案;自发的;初步的despise 轻视,鄙视ground in/on sth. 以…为根据widow 寡妇lottery 彩票jackpot 头奖,最高奖could do worse than 不妨试试…counterintuitive 违反直觉的wear off 逐渐消逝,减少,磨损creep in 悄然而至be packed with 挤满;塞满bang for your buck 所做的努力值得;钱花得合算sparingly 保守地,节俭地;慎用地;爱惜地be better off 过得更好an object of obsession 令人痴迷之物scarcity 不足,缺乏mandate 批准;授权incentive 激励empirical 以实验(经验)为依据的deep-seated 深层的,根深蒂固的amass 聚集(尤值大量)illusory 错觉的,虚假的oceans of 海量的,极大量的rose-tint 染了玫瑰色,精饰、美化esteem 尊重,尊敬stalk 高视阔步地走hot stuff 奇才;非凡的人物stalk around 趾高气扬地大踏步行走oversee 监督;监管lineup 阵容,一组deliberation 考虑;深思熟虑flattering 使人显得更漂亮的;讨好的,谄媚的doctor 篡改,伪造,修改profound 深刻的,极大的,严重的,意义深远的delusion 错觉;谬见;妄想viscerally 发自肺腑地wit 才思,才智portray 描绘instinctively 本能地boom and bust 繁荣与萧条outmoded 使过时;使不流行insatiable 贪得无厌的,不知足的hail from 来自reinvent 彻底改造innovate 改变;改革;创新;引入新事物institution 制度,风俗习惯shove 挤;撞;猛推cap (可用或可借资金的)最高限额be down to sb. 是某人的责任;由某人负责expire 期满,终止,失效coalition 联合;联盟pressing 迫切的,紧急的typify 代表;作为…的典型sole 唯一的,单独的,仅有的embodiment 体现,具体化obscure 费解的,难以理解的comprise 包含,包括unwittingly 不知不觉地,不知情assault 攻击,袭击gravitate 被吸引到,受吸引permeate 渗透,弥漫perpetually 永恒地,持久地gorgeous 极好的humble 简单的,粗陋的————————————————2015真题virtually 几乎,实际上,实质上,事实上beat into 强迫某人做某事plug into 深陷于,沉浸于weird 怪异的,不可思议的,奇怪的perceive 察觉,认识到unconventional 非传统的rip off 扯掉,撕掉band-aid 创可贴,绷带tuck 把…塞入commuter 通勤者,(远距离)上下班往返的人do away with 废除,去掉a place of refuge 避难所nonparents 无子女者conventional wisdom 传统观点,普遍看法hold true for 适用于,对…有效home front 家庭后方;战时后方lag behind 落后,拖欠life-sustaining 维持生命的draw out 取得division 分配clinically 不偏不倚地,客观地methodically 系统地,有条不紊地,有条理地lag 落后于dropout 退学,辍学paradox 自相矛盾的情形,悖论forthcoming 即将到来的outline 概述,勾勒next-to-no-cost 接近零成本的recipients 接受者grant 助学金,拨款thesis 论点,论题modest 较小的intervention 干预navigate 理解,应对right-brained 右脑的,感性的parachute 空降,空投infuse 把…注入;灌溉allegiance 忠诚,拥护terminology 学科术语,专门用语amid 在…中间,在…当中buzzword 某一领域内的时髦用语linguist 语言学家nonsense 无稽之谈,胡说,荒谬的想法buy into it 买账,认可outside of employment 失业,非就业grieve 为…而悲伤,为…感到伤心inopportune 不合时宜的mindset 心态,思想倾向weigh down 使负重担,保持留心perceive 发觉,感知,意识到know…like the back of one’s hand对…十分熟悉,了如指掌twist and turn 迂回曲折————————————————2016真题inclination 意向,倾向Gallup polling 盖洛普民意测验publicly traded firms 公开交易的公司,上市公司sure enough 果然,果真如此intensity 强度,力度be headquartered 总部设在某地hold (熟词僻义)继续适用,继续有效echo 声音回响、回应或反映invented 虚构、创造headquartered 总部设立于resume 中断之后继续或重新开始codified 刻板的、固守成规的、循规蹈矩的sentiment 情感、情绪attribute to 把…归因于…take a long-term view 采取更加长远的眼光、把眼光放长远plausible 有道理的、可信的forward-thinking 前瞻的、有远见的hint at 暗示、暗指lean towards 倾向于,向…倾斜catch up 赶上,追上assistant dean (学院)副院长jobs gap 职位空缺pack 塞满,挤满brim 口,边沿drive…away 赶跑,使离去bootcamp 训练营curriculum 课程gear 使与…相适应,使适合于drop out of 退学,辍学turnover 倾覆,翻转coax 劝诱lend sth. to sth. 给…增加,增添(某种特色或特性)crash 暴跌,猛跌desperate 危急的,严峻的designate 指定,认定confrontational 对抗性的,挑起冲突的regulatory power 监管权力crack down on 严厉打击,镇压prosecute 起诉,控告,检举unintentionally 无意地,非故意地interim 临时的,暂时的,过渡期间的in the driver’s seat 处于控制地位,主导地位mournfully 悲哀地,凄惨地thorny 棘手的flywheel 飞轮,惯性轮spin 旋转,转动overwhelmingly 势不可挡地,压倒地instrumentally 起作用地,有帮助地immersive 沉浸式的conveyor belt 传送带mind-set 思想倾向slot in 安置,安排fuel 刺激,使加剧ritualistic 仪式的,例行的distraction 使人分心的事物backdrop 背景poll 民意调查,民意测验draw a road map to success 绘制一幅成功路线图prize 珍视,高度重视strikingly 惹人注目地,醒目地prioritize 按优先顺序列出;优先考虑financially secure 经济有保障aftermath (战争、风暴、事故的)后果,余波searing 炽热的,灼热的;灼痛的,剧痛的virtually 实际上,几乎,事实上spread through 蔓延到overwhelming 巨大的,压倒性的signpost 路标,标志物mortage 抵押贷款,按揭therapy 治疗,疗法suppress 抑制(感情)brush/sweep sth. under the carpet 掩盖某事(尤指错事)silver bullet 解决某一难题的良方,高招indulge 沉溺于,沉湎于,纵情于giggle 傻笑infection 传染病mortgage 按揭spree 作乐,狂欢(尤指花钱或喝酒)side effect 副作用backfire 发生意外,产生事与愿违的结果byproduct 意外收获,额外收获;附带的结果lure 引诱,诱使sheer 十足的,彻底的,纯粹的hone 打磨,锤炼,使精通read extensively 广泛阅读,博览群书a broad knowledge base 广泛的知识基础keep abreast of 了解…的最新情况sustained efforts 长期不懈的努力illuminating 有启发性的unwind 使松弛,放松recharge 放松休息,恢复精力antidote 克服…的良方revitalized 焕发生机的relieve pressure 舒缓压力come into contact with 接触到,遇到have one’s share of 有自己的一份儿…attach meaning to 对…赋予意义————————————————2017真题boast 吹嘘,自吹自擂speculate 推测,思索,投机capital 资本impoverished 穷困的wasteland 荒地,不毛之地resolution 解决,决心wisdom 智慧compensation 补偿alongside 和…在一起leave behind 留下;永久脱离set aside 不顾;驳回;撤销mutually exclusive 互相排斥purposelessness 无目的mortality 死亡人数agonizing 痛苦难忍的dullness 沉闷,无聊downsides 不利的一面,缺点yield 屈服;产生;放弃virtue 优点,长处,美德follow from 是…的必然结果overblown 夸张,过分渲染degrading 丧失体面的,丢脸的tricky 难对付的;狡猾的scarce 不足的,稀少的leisure time 空闲时间counterbalance 使平衡,抵消staff 为…配备工作人员,在…工作pledge 发誓,保证legacy 遗产lever 用杠杆撬动couch 沙发retrospection 回想,反思in the run-up to sth. 重要事件的前夕ethos 精神特质,理念shine 干得出色,出类拔萃bidder 投标人intimidating 令人胆怯的puffed-out 气喘吁吁的,上气不接下气的preside 主持,指挥,掌管thrive 兴隆,繁荣,茁壮成长grassroots 草根,基层民众wordy 冗长的,啰嗦的engagement 参与度disengage 脱离,不再感兴趣bleed-over 渗透tablet 平板电脑verbal 文字的,言语的tension 紧张关系,紧张状况bid 努力争取,出价,投标blank 没表情的,不感兴趣的disconcerting 使人不安的distressed 痛苦的,悲伤的,苦恼的exquisitely 精致地,近乎完美地be wired to do 天生,自然就会ideology 意识形态oppressive 压制的,令人焦虑的get a lot out of sth. 从…中获益良多get sth. out of the way 把某事处理完overlook 忽略,未注意到condemn 谴责perpetuate 使永久化,使持续lucrative 赚大钱的,获利多的misconception 错误认识,误解pursuit 事业,消遣,爱好brand new 全新的,崭新的acclimation 适应blunder 愚蠢(或粗心的)错误inherent 固有的,内在的mandatory 强制的,法定的,义务的curriculum 全部课程upkeep 保养,维修prone 易于发生某事的;很可能…的magnifying glass 放大镜hazard 危险,隐患equation 影响因素,综合体at the expense of 以…为代价perception 认识,观念,看法unleash 发泄,突然释放,使爆发out of necessity 出于必要tease 梳理;挑逗,取笑do away with 终结,废除,去掉,消灭come to terms with 与之妥协pay a price for 付出代价refrain 老调,一再重复的话take a hit 遭到打击,被击中outsourcing 外包boomer 婴儿潮一代(尤指1947-1961年间)生育高峰期出生的人millennial 千禧一代,20世纪的最后一个世代grapple with 尽力解决(某困难问题)stiff 激烈的,严厉的get exposed to 接触,体验flustered 紧张的,慌乱的,激动的recession (经济)衰退,萧条clear a hurdle 成功克服困难economic downturn 经济衰退be laid off 被辞退trade 行业,职业lure 吸引,引诱sewing 缝纫personality 有突出个性的人promotion 推广secondary school 中学move on to sth./doing sth. 继续某事,接着做某事fashion design 时装设计Chinese martial arts 中国武术annual growth 年度增长line chart 折线图cultural infrastructure/facilities 文化基础设施public cultural undertaking 公共文化事业underpin 构成…的基础people’s well-being 人民福祉————————————————2018真题resolve 消除,解释清楚;解决inherent 内在的,固有的;生来就有的willingness 乐意;心甘情愿stimuli 刺激(stimulus的复数)twist 意外转折electrified 带电的incur 招致;遭受;引起subsequent 随后的,继…之后的reproduce 使再次发生;再现fingernail 手指甲chalkboard 黑板schooling 学校教育withdrawal 撤走;收回inquiry 探究;探索;调查self-reliant 自力更生的self-destructive 自毁的,自残的self-evident 不证自明的,显而易见的self-deceptive 自欺的instinct 本能;直觉backfire 产生事与愿违的结果insight 洞悉;深刻见解profound 知识渊博的,理解深刻的,意义深远的resist 按捺;抗拒trace 追溯;找到overlook 忽视,忽略conceal 隐藏,隐瞒follow through 进行到底;坚持完成ahead of time 提前,提早determine 查明;测定;确定endeavor 尝试,努力justify 证明别人认为不合理的事有道理,为…辩护as though 好像,似乎utterly 完全地,十足地overwhelm 使不知所措,压倒graffiti 涂鸦,乱涂乱画accepted wisdom 传统信念,普遍看法mechanical memorization 机械记忆stuck with sth 粘住,无法摆脱insidious 暗中为害的prejudice 偏见inferiority 低等,劣等vocational education 职业教育evaporate 逐渐消逝headlong 轻率仓促的turn sth. on its head 使人完全改变思路be staring sb. in the face 非常清楚/容易看见(你却看不见)wake-up call 叫醒电话,警示,警钟one-size-fits-all 一刀切momentum 势头go on line 在运转,在运行commitment 承诺farsighted 有远见的plummeting 直线下降的,暴跌的stem from 出自,来源于notably 尤其是,特别是take the lead 取得领先地位underline 强调dismiss 拒绝考虑,否定,搁置play with 被接受,买账quick 聪明的,明锐的,反应快的put-down 贬损的话,奚落的话skeptic 持怀疑态度的人in part 在某种程度上place big bets on 在…上下大赌注be a rarity 极为罕见spike 激增mean less and less 作用越来越小upmarket 高级的,高端的acquire 购得,收购intricate 错综复杂的grocery chain 连锁杂货店physical product 实体产品enormously 极其,非常revealing 揭示内情的,泄密的plot 密谋,策划go through 被认可,成交;通过not so much…but…与其说毋宁说break the promise 食言clumsy 笨拙,不灵活的remedy 纠正,改正;治疗,救治to sb’s disadvantage 对…不利predatory 捕食性的,食肉的spammer 垃圾邮件发送者analogy 类推;类似;类比combat 防止,减轻distracted 心烦意乱的,思想不集中的put/place/set a premium on sb./sth. 重视,珍视retreat 静修期间ritual 程序,仪轨;习惯throughout the day 终日,整天keep to 坚持;信守;固守prioritise 按重要性排列craft 精心制作demotivate 使失去动力,使消极render 使变得;使处于某状态improvisation 即兴表演reap 收获,取得(成果)downtime 停工期,休息indulgence 沉溺,放纵psychiatry 精神病学pay a unique compliment 致以特别的赞美make the first move 迈出第一步,先采取行动stuck 卡住的jolt 颠簸,震动,摇晃;一阵强烈的感情(尤指震惊或惊讶)all of a sudden 突然wholeheartedly 全心全意地tick 打勾encyclopedia 百科全书institute 制定(政策等);实行avenue 途径;手段passionately 炽热地,狂热地reschedule 重新安排terribly 非常necessitate 使…不可避免pie chart 饼状图per capita 人均dine out 外出进餐disposable income 可支配收入primary concern 首要关心的问题catering companies 餐饮企业respectively 各自地————————————————其他dominoes 多米诺骨牌slap on the wrist 象征性的惩罚show the door 开除,扫地出门insensitive 缺乏同情心的misconduct 不端行为hold sb to higher standards 对某人有更高要求integrity 正直,诚实pragmatic 实用主义的overlook A for the sake of B 为B 忽略Aethical lapse 道德败坏,道德堕落accountable 有责任的,负责的fallout 影响,结果harshly 严厉地,严酷地paper over 隐瞒the best bits of 最好的部分compelling 令人信服的premise 前提,假定levy 征收fine 罚款enact 颁布,制定法律overarching 包罗万象的spray around 分散,喷洒obscure 隐藏,掩盖imposition 实施,强加take off 起飞,腾飞article 条款coalition 同盟,联合kick off 开始,发起distraction 使人分心的事物take effect 生效,起作用back 支持revenue 税收收入,财政收入in the long run 长远来看divert 转移,使…转向transition 过渡,转变polar opposite 完全相反,正好相反be indicative of 显示出,表明,象征condense 浓缩,凝结sketchy 粗略的,不完全hold up 经得住检验in and of itself 就其本身而言take a cue from sb 学某人的样credit 归功于credibility 可信度not cut it 达不到要求,达不到标准substantial 实实在在的,真实的disclose 揭露,公开raise a red flag 引起注意,发出警示setback 挫折look to 希望(做某事)unmet 未满足的cling to 坚持,不愿放弃overwhelmingly 压倒性地rigid 僵硬的,死板的collide with 与…冲突/抵触confront 面对recruitment fair 招聘会climb the career ladder 晋升extracurricular 课外的perceive 看待,理解diminish 削弱,贬低(重要性或价值)chronic 慢性的,长期的uneven 不均匀的,不平坦的deterioration 恶化,退化,堕落agonising 痛苦难忍的,苦恼的drastic 激烈的,猛烈的advanced 晚期的procedure 治疗,手术malpractice 治疗失当,医疗纠纷shutter 停止运行,关闭fury 狂怒,暴怒press ahead 推进,加紧进行rational 理性的,合理的auction 竞卖,拍卖curb 抑制,控制,束缚ideological 思想上的,意识形态的shake off 摆脱saw 格言,谚语obscure 模糊的,晦涩的in the unlikely event 在不太可能的情况下tariff 关税eligibility 合格,资格explain away 为…辩解conspiracy 阴谋,共谋,反叛gratify 使高兴,使满意fancy 异常复杂的,太花哨的,昂贵的bear/take/suffer the brunt of 受到最严厉的攻击、批评inexorably 不可阻挡地reconcile 使和解,调停opaque 司法制度arbitrary 独断的,专制的radical 重大的,彻底的hamper 妨碍boast 自夸,自吹自擂spouse 配偶sphere 范围,领域overdue 迟到的,未兑现的humility 谦卑,谦逊arrogance 傲慢,自大soever 不论何种,无论render 使得derive…from…从…中得到…be prone to 易于…的overcharge 索以高价disjointed 混乱的to the tune of 高达…dwindling 减少的,降低的hold sb. to account 要求某人承担责任scrap 废除,取消in case 以免,唯恐outraged 义愤填膺的,气愤的offset 抵消,弥补stall 停止,停转outrage 愤怒,愤慨pronounced 显著的,很明显的look set to 即将要impetus 动力,推动plague 困扰,折磨disengage 脱离,不再感兴趣的virtual 实际上的,实质上的plateau 处于停滞bear out 证明,证实perversely 事与愿违地drain 消耗,消费。
考研英语10年真题高频短语之政治类词汇是英语复习的基础,小编整理了近10年英语高频短语合辑,18、19的考生都可以抓紧看看。
下面是政治类高频短语:71. 不正之风bad / harmful practice72. 霸权主义hegemonism73. 奔小康strive for a better-off life74. 持续发展sustainable development75. 社会主义物质文明socialist material wellbeing76. 社会主义精神文明socialist culture and ideology77. 实现中华民族伟大复兴bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation78. 发展是硬道理Development is an invariable truth79. 坚持四项基本原则uphold the four cardinal principles80. 多极化multi-polarization81. 科学技术是第一生产力Science and technology are the primary productive force.82. 机构臃肿overstaffing in organization83. 机构改革institutional restructuring; streamlining84. 反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government85. 核心竞争力core competitiveness86. 减员增效downsizing of staff and improving efficiency87. 减轻农民负担reduce farmer’s burdens; lighten the burden on them88. 跨越式发展great-leap-forward development89. 民主集中制democratic centralism90. 讲诚信﹑反欺诈honor credibility and oppose cheating91. 强权外交power diplomacy92. 求同存异seek common ground on major issues while shelving differences onminor ones93. 综合国力comprehensive national strength94. 滥用权力abuse one’s power; misuse one’s authority95. 廉政建设build a clean and honest government96 思想僵硬fossilized concept97 拜金主义money worship98. 知识产权intellectual property right99. 走后门get in by the back door / enter by the back door100. 贪脏枉法take bribes and bend the law101. 以权谋私abusing power for money102. 一国两制的原则the principle of one country, two systems:103. 全国人民代表大会National People’s Congress104. 与国际接轨synchronize with the world; accord with international norms105. 最低生活保障制度systems for ensuring a minimum standard of living106. 养老保险endowment insurance107. 以经济建设为中心focus on the central task of economic construction108. 实事求是seek truth from facts109. 试点工程pilot project110. 战略伙伴关系strategic partnership。
考研英语词汇练习题(打印版)一、词汇匹配请将下列英文单词与对应的中文意思匹配。
1. AdaptationA. 适应B. 适应性C. 适应力2. CatastropheA. 灾难B. 灾变C. 灾祸3. ErosionA. 侵蚀B. 腐蚀C. 消磨4. FrugalityA. 节俭B. 朴素C. 简朴5. HypothesisA. 假设B. 假说C. 猜想6. InnovationA. 创新B. 革新C. 创造7. JurisdictionA. 管辖权B. 司法权C. 权限8. KineticA. 运动的B. 动态的C. 动力的9. LethargyA. 昏睡B. 懒惰C. 无精打采10. MomentumA. 动力B. 势头C. 动量二、词汇填空根据句子的语境,从括号中选择正确的单词填入空白处。
1. The company's financial (stability/instability) is a key factor in its ability to weather the economic downturn.2. The (innovation/conservation) of new technology has led to significant improvements in efficiency.3. The (erosion/accumulation) of the beachfront is a concern for the local community.4. The (frugality/extravagance) of the household budget is essential for long-term financial health.5. The (catastrophe/disaster) of the earthquake was felt across the region.6. The (adaptation/evolution) of the species to its environment is a slow process.7. The court's decision expanded the (jurisdiction/authority) of the local government.8. The (kinetic/potential) energy of the ball is converted into motion as it rolls down the hill.9. The (lethargy/energy) of the team in the second half of the game was disappointing.10. The (momentum/velocity) of the project is expected to increase as more resources are allocated.三、词汇解释解释下列单词的含义,并给出一个例句。
1 10年真题词汇 1997 Passage 1 parliamentary (议会的,国会的)←parliament+ary。A parliament is nothing less than a big meeting of more or less idle people.议会无非是多少有些懒散的人们的一个大聚会。parliament — the longest running farce in the West End 议会——伦敦西区连续演出时间最长的闹剧。 incurably (不可治地)即in+cur+ably,in-否定前缀,cur词根“治疗”,-ably可„„地;形容词形式为incurable←in+cur+able。a incurably disease 不治之症。 bulletin (布告)可看作bullet+in,“留有弹痕的布告”,如图(偶用PS做的 ): euthanasia (安乐死)看作eu+than+asia,eu谐音“已有”,than比,asia亚洲,“安乐死在亚洲之外的地方已有了”。euthanasia — ①a way of putting old people out of their family's misery ②never having to tell your parents you're sorry 安乐死——①将老人从家庭的痛苦中解脱出来 ②绝对不必向父母道歉。 domino (多米诺骨牌)用谐音记。 diagnose (v.诊断)←diag+nose,diag看作dog(元音替换),nose鼻子,“狗鼻子”→闻(联想中医之“望闻问切”)→诊断。 certificate (证书)即certif(y)+ic+ate,certify证明,-ic形容词后缀,-ate作名词后缀表“物”,于是“具证明性质的东西”→证书。I must discard riches, the certificate of slavery.我必须抛弃财富这张奴隶证书。 objection? (反对)即ob+ject+ion,ob-前缀“朝向”,ject词根“投掷”,-ion名词后缀,“向别人扔东西”→反对。同根词:reject→re(=back)+ject→扔回去→拒绝;inject→in+ject→向里扔→注入。All poets pretend to write for immortality, but he whole tribe have no objection to present pay and present praise.所有诗人都自称是为不巧的名声而写作,可这些家伙对眼前的稿酬与眼前的赞扬却全无异议。 sink in 被了解;cool off 使冷静。、
1997 Passage 2 courteous (有礼ò的)即court+eous,court看作单词“宫廷”,-eous形容词后缀,“宫廷的”→有礼ò的。 observation (观察;pl.观察后的言论)←observe观察+ation。God creates by intuition; man creates by inspiration, strengthened by observation.上帝凭着直觉创造,人类凭着由观察加强的灵感创造。 deserve (v.应受,值得)与desert一起记,“沙漠是应该受到重视的”。It is better to deserve honors and not to have them than to have them and not deserve them.理应拥有荣誉而不拥有它们胜过拥有荣誉而不应拥有它们。 charitable? (仁慈的)即charit(y)+able,charity仁慈,-able形容词后缀。A bone to the dog is not charity. Charity is the bone shared with the dog, when you are just as hungry as the dog.给狗一根骨头算不上仁慈,仁慈是在你跟狗一样饥饿时与狗分享的骨头。charity — ①giving someone the washing machine it wasn't worth having mended ②the only thing that can persuade us to get rid of old clothes and shoes 慈善——①将已经不值得修理的洗衣机送给别人 ②Ψ一能够说服我们清除破旧衣鞋的理由。 assumption? (假定;承担;呈现)是assume的名词形式;参consumption,2002年Text 3。assumption — the mother of screw-up 臆断——把事情弄糟的根源。 interrelationship (相互关系)即inter+relation+ship,inter-相互,relation关系,-ship抽象名词后缀。 encounter (v.n.遭遇)即en+counter,en-使,counter对面,“使面对面”→遭遇。If we encountered a man of rare intellect, we should ask him what books he read.若遇到才智非凡的人,就应该问他读的是哪些书。 individual (个别的;个体)即in+divid+ual,in-否定前缀,divid词根“分”,-ual后缀,“不可再分的”→个别的。同根词:divide(v.分配;除);subdivide→sub在下+divide→“在下面分”→再分。The worth of a state, in the long run, is the worth of the individuals composing it.归根结底,国家的价值就是组成它的个人的价值。In science, the total absorption of the individual event in the generalization is the goal; on the other hand, the humanities are concerned rather with providing for the special meaning of the individual event within an 2
appropriate general system.自然科学以在归纳中全部吸收个别情况为目标,人文科学则更关心在适当的一般性体系之内提供个别情况的特殊意义。individual — a multitude of one million divided by one million 个人——一百万除一百万所得的人数。 exclusively? (专有地;排外地)是exclude(v.除外)的副词形式。Freedom is always and exclusively freedom for the one who thinks differently.对于独立思考的人,自由永远是也只能是自由。 entertain (v.招待;使快乐)即enter+tain,enter-(=inter),tain词根“容纳”,于是“使容纳进来”→招待→使快乐。同根词:contain→con+tain→“一起容纳”→容纳。Some women seem to be able to entertain everybody but their husband.有些女人似乎能够使任何人愉快,自己的丈夫除外。 1997 Passage 3 substance? (物质;实质;财产)←sub在下面+st(=stand)+ance名词后缀;参substantial,2003年Text 3。Man can survive only when he has the substance; man can live only when he has ideal.人有了物质才能生存,有了理想才能生活。 addict (使成瘾;成瘾者)即ad+dict,ad-加强前缀,dict词根“说”(参contradictory,2001年Passage 3),“欲罢不能地说某事”→成瘾。 名词形式为addiction (成瘾)←ad+dict+ion。Every form of addiction is bad, no matter whether the narcotic be alcohol or morphine or idealism.任何形式的瘾都是不好的,无论上瘾的是酒精、吗啡还是Ψ心主义。 psychologist? (心理学家)←psycholog(y)+ist,psychology心理学(见2001年Passage 1),-ist后缀表“人”。psychologist — a man who, when a beautiful girl walks into room, watches other men's reactions 心理学家——当一个漂亮女孩走进房间时,那个观察其他人反应的人。 cocaine (可卡因)即coca+ine,coca古柯(一种药用植物),-ine医药化学名词后缀“生物碱”,故cocaine也译作“古柯碱”。另一种植物cocoa(可可)与coca音形近似,勿混。cocaine — God's way of saying you're making too much money 可卡因——上帝的一种说法,意思是“你赚的钱太多了”。 pervasive? (普遍的)是pervade(v.遍及)的形容词形式,pervade即per+vade,per-(=through),vade词根“走”(约等于wade,因v与w形近可替换),“到处都走遍的”→遍及的。同根词:invade→in+vade→“δ经允许走进来”→入侵;形容词形式为invasive(侵略的)。 sociable? (社交的)←soci社会+able形容词后缀。 negative (否定的,消极的)←neg否定前缀+ative形容词后缀;参neglect(忽略),1999年Passage 5。Eternity is a negative idea clothed with a positive name.永恒是一个冠以肯定名称的否定概念。 poisoning? (n.中毒;毒害)←poison+ing,poison(v.n.毒害n.毒药),-ing后缀; poisonous? (有毒的)←poison+ous形容词后缀。Suspicion is the poison of friendship.怀疑是毒害友谊的毒药。When your soul experiences thirst, it needs water to quench it, no matter the water is poisonous or not.心灵感到干渴时需要水来止渴,无论这水是否有毒。What's your poison?想喝点什?酒←此为固定用法。 distortion? (扭曲;曲解)即dis+tort+ion,dis-“分离”,tort词根“扭曲”,-ion名词后缀,“使扭曲以离开原来状态”→曲解;动词为distort←dis+tort。同根词:torture(v.n.拷问;折磨)←tort+ure后缀,“使身体扭曲的一种行为”。Get your facts first, and then you can distort them as you please.首先要掌握事实,然后你可以随意歪曲它们。 tolerance? (宽容)←toler+ance;参tolerant(宽容的),