高中英语猜词题技巧整理版

高中英语阅读理解词义猜测题（讲案）（一）识别和判断猜词题题干特征常见命题形式1. 意义类The word “...” probably means ______.By saying “...” we mean ______.“...” as used in the passage can best be defined as ______.2. 替代类The underlined word “...” could best be replaced by ______.Which of the following words can take the place of the word “...”?What do you think the expression “...” stand for?3. 指代类The word “...” refers to ______.（二）猜词类题目解题技巧1. 利用上下文语境来猜测词义Passage 3There are so many ways to make new friends such as joining a sports team, taking part in community activities, or traveling. And there is no doubt that a friend in need is a friend indeed because he can help you out when you are in trouble or encourage you when you are upset. So, joining a sports team will be my first choice.The primary reason for this is that everyone in a sports team has the same interest, which is the most basic character for friends. Because of it, they will become your potential friends so that the chance to be friends is very high. In addition, the same interest can give you a lot of topics to talk about with your friends in daily conversation.（2017-2018，省实验高一上期期中考试，B）1. 【★★★】The underline word “potential” can be replaced by .A. beatB. suitableC. reliableD. possible【答案】D【解析】词义猜测题。

阅读理解之猜词题（解析版）猜词悟义是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考阅读理解中必考的题型。

它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。

同时，考生应掌握一些猜词技巧，通过定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义、构词、常识及上下文线索等确定词义。

一、思维导图二、方法点拨1. 设问方式•The underlined word “ … ” refers to/ (probably) means .•“…” as used in the pa ssage can best be defined as…•What do you think the expression “…” stands for?•What does the underlined word “…” refer to in the last paragraph?•Which of the following words can take the place of the word “ … ”?•The underlined word “…” could best be replaced by…•Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word “ … ”?•What does the author mean by “…” in paragraph 2?2. 七大技巧1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释。

标点符号，如逗号后的解释(名词同位语)、破折号后的解释、括号内的解释等。

这都是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。

例如：例子1Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.29．Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?A．Complex.B．Advanced.C．Powerful. D．Modern.[分析]根据画线词所在句子可知，人类社会发展的很多因素导致许多语言消失，而逐渐被英语、西班牙语、汉语等语言取代，画线词前后的解释暗示了这些语言逐渐占主导地位，故选C项powerful (强大的，有影响力的)。

高中英语阅读理解技巧点拨:猜测单词或短语的含义学生在阅读过程中，应具备根据上下文猜测词义的能力。

每年高考英语试题中，猜测单词或短语的含义也是常有的题型，因此大家在平时的阅读理解练习中应尽量积累一些猜词技巧。

常见的猜词技巧主要有两大类：语境法和构词法。

下面我们结合高考真题对这两种解题技巧具体说明。

1. 语境法语境法指通过上下文语境来猜测词义，这是比较常用且有效的猜词方法。

常用的语境法有：①通过定义、解释或同位关系猜测词义。

用于下定义或解释的单词或短语有or, mean, in other words, be defined as, be described as, be seen as, refer to, that is to say 等。

有些定义或解释是通过破折号、冒号、括号、同位语（从句）或定语（从句）来表示的。

例1：（2020年高考英语全国III卷B篇，保留原题号，下同）...Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2, 000 productions this year. ...26. What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Listing completely.B. Directing professionally.C. Promoting successfully.D. Watching carefully.【分析】本文是新闻报道。

现吨市安达阳光实验学校猜词技巧一．在英语学习中，我们会遇到许多生词。

其实阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落有着互相制约的关系。

我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。

猜测词义时，可利用以下线索：二．根据各种已知信息推测下列划线单词的词义。

1. But sometimes, no rain falls for a long, long time. Then there isa dry period, or drought.2. Within days, food often spoils or become unsafe to eat.3. Today young couples who are just starting their households often spendlots of their money on appliances ,for instance ,washing machines , refrigerators and color TVs.4．Biggest power failure in the city’s history. All of our ice cream and frozen foods melted.5. He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.6. One night Mrs.Rochester succeeded in setting the house on fire. Mr.Rochester managed to lead the servants to safety and then went back into the burning mansion to rescue his wife.7. Jack is now a florist, who keeps a shop for selling flowers in our district.8. We can feel acceleration, an increase in speed.9. .She read my letter slowly +to the end and then tore it to shreds.10. Car rentals (出租) are becoming more and more popular as aninexpensive way of taking to the roads.11. She is usually prompt for all her class, but today she arrived inthe middle of her first class.1、同义词、近义词反义词1）Doctors believe that smoking is detrimental to people's health. Theyalso regard drinking as harmful.2）At the beginning they did not have enough capital to start a business,nor were they able to borrow the amount of money they needed from thebank.1)eg.He had been getting better but during the night his condition deteriorated.2)Rather than liking the movie, as I expected them to, allmy friends abhorred it.3）If you agree, write “yes”; if you dissent, write “no”2、义、解释或举例1）.He takes a special interest in botany which concerns the study ofplants.2）. A birds sanctuary is a place where birds can breed and take refusefrom hunters.3）. Wrestling is the game which is played by two strong people ; one player tries to get the other down on the floor.3、因果关系--- since you are my superior（上级）, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .（卷）A．full of respect B．too confident and rudeC．lacking in experience D．too shy and quiet4、标点符号（冒号；破折号；括号）You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning.A.dictionariesB. story-booksC. magazinesD. newspapers5、经验和常识In spite of the fact the fishermen were wearing sou’westers, the storm was so heavy that they were wet through.三．高考题1.When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective. Eventually, it came on the market in a dark blue and white package-blue because we think of it as safe, and white as calm.(NMET，卷)65.The underlined part“the colours turned the customers off”(in Para.3) means that the colours_______.A. attracted the customers stronglyB. had weak effects on the customersC. tricked the customers into shoppingD. caused the customers to lose interest２. Fermat]s Last Theorem(理). First put forward by the French mathematician Pierrede Fermat in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique. (NMET2003,C篇,65)65.Which of the following best explains the meaning of the word“baffle”as it is used in the text?A. To encourage people to raise questions.B. To cause difficulty in understanding.C. To provide a person with an explanation.D. To limit people’s imagination.3. A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can bea basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother oftwo, ages 4 and 18 months. (NMET2002,E篇,74)74.What does the under lined word ‘hassle’probably mean?A. a party designed by specialistsB. a plan requiring careful thoughtC. a situation causing difficulty or troubleD. a demand made by guests．4. In a recently published book, I came across some exercises with interesting names such as fishbone diagrams, lotus flowers, and clustering. As I used these exercises in my classes, I noticed that students were interested. They said more and wrote more. They enjoyed expressing their ideas and sharing them in groups. They were no longer passively waiting for the bell, but actively took part in the lesson.I find that creativity (创)can act as a way to increase participation and improve fluency (流利程度).68. The underlined words "waiting for the hell" in the first paragraph probably mean _________A. longing for a phone call B. hoping to have a bellC. expecting the end of the classD. wanting to speak in class5. Members of the working class have blue-collar jobs. They are construction workers, truckdrivers, mechanics, steel workers, electricians, and the like. What makes this class differ fromthe lower class is, first, longer periods of employment -- and therefore, more fixed incomes —and, second, employment in skilled or semiskilled (半熟练的 ) occupations, not unskilledones. Although unemployment hits all levels of the American economy, including those of skilled and semi-skilled workers, it is most common at the bottom of the class structure and increasingly less common at each level upward. They consider themselves to be respectable and hard working and they look down upon members of the "lower" class, whom they often consider to be lazy, dis-honest, and too ready to exploit public assistance. (06.)65. The underlined word “hit” (paragraph 1 ) roughly means .A. strike with a blowB. have bad effects onC. break uD. break6. When I first became a reporter I knew a man who gave up a very well paid respectable job at the Daily Telegraph to go and edit a small weekly newspaper. At the time I was astonished by what appeared to me to be his completely abnormal (反常的) mental state. How could anyone turn his back on Fleet Street in central London for a small local area？I wanted to know. (06.)69. The underlined phrase "turn his back on" (paragraph 6) most probably means .A. leave forB. return toC. give upD. rely on答案有害的 adj. get worse a kind of raincoat 厌恶，憎恨不赞成；不同意D B C C B C。

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猜测词义不仅是一项阅读技巧，也是高考阅读能力考查的一个方面，每年在高考阅读中都有猜测词义的试题。

掌握正确方法快速而又准确地猜测出生词的含义，对提高阅读速度和答题效率相当重要。

1．构词法猜词阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词。

掌握构词法对猜测词义很有帮助。

如：unforeseeable.这个词，可以根据构词法把它拆成un, fore, see , able；其中 see 是词根，fore是“先，前，预”的含义，un是否定，able 是“能……的，可……的”，因此unforeseeable是“未能预见到的”意思。

2．利用同义近义词猜词在生词所出现的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，这时可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。

统称在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，这些词语或短语在句中作相同的成分，并且and或or连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，甚至推出它的大致词义。

3．利用反义词猜词对比是描述，说明事物的常用方式。

在对比中，对比的事物是互为相反的，因此根据反义或对比关系可从已知推出未知。

利用反义词来说明生词的意义，如反义词hot and cold, perfect and imperfect，甚至前、后句为肯定与否定或是与不是等，在句内词与词之间，在段内句与句之间的关系上起着互为线索的作用。

4．利用上下文语境猜词任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有关。

高中英语阅读理解猜词题的解题技巧摘要：本文针对高中阅读理解中的猜词题介绍了几种做题方法，并列举了一些实例进行了分析。

关键词：猜词题猜词义做题方法在英语学习中，我们会遇到许多生词。

这时，也不必立即翻阅字典。

我们可以利用语境，根据前后词、句子、以及相关信息推测、判断生词的词义。

高中英语阅读理解题中，我们经常碰到猜测词义的题型。

在做这类题时，我们可以利用以下一些方法：一根据解释猜词义在文章中，作者为了更好的表达思想，对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等要进行进一步的更明确的解释。

这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性，我们可以利用它们比较容易地猜出词义。

1、根据定义猜测词义如果句子或段落是生词的定义，理解句子或段落本身就是词语的含义。

例如：The rooster is the national emblem of France thanks to a wordplay: the Latin word meaning coq ,or rooster. rooster 其实是对coq解释，因此两者的意思都为cock。

2、根据同位语、定语猜测词义虽然同位语、定语不如定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。

例如，同位语in fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today.此例中，我们不难看出an endangered wild cat是ocelot 的同位语，也不难看出ocelot的意思。

在构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号、冒号、分号、引号和括号等。

又如Towards the evening, there comes the grand finale of the opening day ,an extremely exciting horserace.从an exciting horserace ,towards the evening ,of the opening day 等判断，应该是首日的最后一场的压台戏出场了。

英语高考猜词策略猜测词义在英语高考中起到至关重要的作用，以下几种策略在英语学习中经常应用，才能潜移默化地让学生们掌握更多的词汇。

一.定义法1. It will be very hard but also very brittle------that is , it will break easily.2. The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650yuan a year.3. A calendar is a list of the days, weeks, months of a particular year.定义或释义关系常由定语从句或由is，or，that is (to say), in other words，be called，be known as, be defined as等词汇或破折号来表示二.根据构词法：合成、派生（前缀、后缀）、转化等1 With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence2. …Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. …A.商店里的小偷B.商店里的推销员C.商店里的老客户D.商店里的搬运工三.根据同义词，反义词关系1. The new tax law supersedes, or replaces, the law that was in effect last year.2. If you agree, write “Yes”; if you dissent, write “No”.3. In many nations there are two financial extremes, from penury to great wealth．小结:and ,or ,such as, like，for example, for instance常连接同义词组。

教案【答案与解析】1.C under-estimate是一个派生词，根据构词法知识，under-estimate是在动词estimate前加上前缀under-(在……以下，低于……)，因而under-estimate应该表示“低估”。

2.B workout是一个复合名词，它是由短语动词work out转换来的名词，短语动词work out用作及物动词性质，含有“解决, 设计出,计算出”，用作不及物性质，表示“锻炼，消耗完”，而名词workout也应该具有这些含义，根据单词所在句意分析可知这里表示“锻炼”，类似构成形式还有如break through→breakthrough(突破),break out→breakout(爆发),take off→takeoff(起飞), come in→income(收入),put out→output(输出，产出),stand out→outstanding(出类拔萃的，杰出的)等。

3.A vertebrates的含义，就可以根据后面which means these animals have a bony skeleton to surpport their bodies句子来分析理解其含义为“脊椎动物”因此答案选A项。

4.D spontaneous的含义可以根据该单词后面rather than planned in advance分析spontaneous与planned in advance相反，表示“没被计划过的，没有预先计划安排的” 因此答案选D项。

5.C pseudonym的含义可以通常对美国作家O. Henry所了解的文学常识来猜测，我们知道O Henry 是William Sydney Porter发表作品时所用的笔名，因此这里的生词pseudonym应该表示“笔名”。

6.A netgain 含义可以通过上下文内容中所提供的线索和暗示来判断，前面提到的lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs以及the state had a net gain of two million jobs句意分析可知其含义为“净增加”。

1、定义或解释说明1. be called… 3. means… 4. be defined as… toWe can feel acceleration, which is an increase in speed. But we notice it for only a short time. For example we feel it during the takeoff run of an airplane.1. the underlined word acceleration means _______.A. any kind of movementB. the movement of a planeC. a steady speedD. to make something mover faster2、对比关系1. but/however/yet/while…2. otherwise/or/or else…3. instead of though/as◎ John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.◎If you agree, write “ yes”; if you dissent, write “no”.◎Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the thing.(2008江苏卷，A篇) We can allow time to slip by and let it be our enemy(敌人). However, we can also take control of it and make it our ally.56. The underlined word “ally” in Para. 3 most likely means somebody or something that is ______.A. your slave and serves youB. your supporter and helps youC. under your control and obeys youD. under your influence and follows you3、因果关系since/as/for/due to…therefore/thus/consequently……that/such…that◎He’s such a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade. ◎She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.◎ The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow(浅的).(2009安徽卷，B篇) Of course, the good of oxen is not limited to plowing. In fact, they are seen as “boats on land” for their ability to carry loads.60. The words “boats on land” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to __ A．animals for taking goodsB. creatures for pulling plows（犁）C. treasures of the folk cultureD. tools in the farming economy4、举例法1. such as/for example/ for instance2. Like including 5. consist of◎ Cars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes（刹车）.◎ On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.(09福建卷，E篇) In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions(排放物) to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the melting(融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica.73. The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to “_______”.A. freezing pointsB. burning pointsC. melting pointsD. boiling points5、重述is ( to say )… 2. in other words/or… put it anot her way…◎ In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water their fields.◎ All whales consist of two groups, those with teeth and those without, Dolphins belong to odontoceti, that is to say, they are toothed whales.6. 前后缀猜词1). 常见前缀dis-/in-/non-/ir- 否定前缀 re- 再… mini- 小over- 过度 super- 超过 pre- 前猜词：recall irrelative nonstandard disloyal2).常见后缀-er/-or/-ian/-ist/-ese …人special a.特别的 specialist n.专家-able/-ful/-ish/-ern 形容词后缀reach v. 到达 reachable adj.可获得的-ment/-tion/-ture/-ness 名词后缀careless a.粗心的 carelessness n. 粗心（2008全国卷I, B篇）The new type of pineapple was selling fast, and theDel Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basketof the healthy eater.62. The underlined word “fixture” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to something ______.people enjoy eatingB. that is always presentC. that is difficult to getD. that people use as a gift1.(2009天津卷，A篇） Frequently it happens that a place has two names: One is named by the people and the other by the government. As in many areas, old habits died hard, and the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost.37. What does the underlin ed phrase “die hard” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Change suddenly.B. Change significantly.C. Disappear mysteriously.D. Disappear very slowly.2.（2009陕西卷，C篇） Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water, there is still a lot of truth inthe old wives’ tales.50. The phrase “hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means“_______”.A. to be believableB. to be valuableC. to be admirableD. to be suitableman’s position among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored.If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced. Therefore one carefully guardsthe honor of his family, his lineage(宗系), and his tribe.1).The word “disgrace” means ____ in this text.A. honorB. endangerC. proudD. shame4. The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolutionhe was banished.A few members of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever.1). The underlined word “banished” mean _______.A. killed by stoningB. sent awayC. imprisonedD. punished by whipping5.Doreen Sykora is now a junior at McGill University. She had a difficult time when she first began college. She said, “I was always well preparedfor my examinations. But when I go into class to take the exam, I wouldfall apart. I could just blank out because of nervousness and fear.”1). T he phrase “blank out” in Paragraph 1 refers to “_______.”A. lose interest in the examB. refuse to take the examC. get an extra paperD. be unable to think clearly1. Albert’s success after much effort and practice proves the va lue of persistence.A. timeB. competitionC. perseverance2. All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key.A. 成功的B. 徒劳的C.有效的D. 匆促的3. Though Mr. Smith has been manager for just 3 months, he has already made much greater achievements than his predecessors.A. 上级B. 前任C. 同事D. 下级4. She didn’t hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.A. 心不在焉的B.紧张的C. 全神贯注的D.睡意浓的5. Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl. But her sister was quite sedate.A. prettyB. calmC. protectiveD. energetic6. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway.A. strongB. firmC. kindD. clever7. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer.A. workB. studyC. nameD. interest8. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city.A. townB. capitalC. countryD. house9. You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in School, or English Learning.A.dictionariesB. story-booksC. magazinesD. newspapers10. The flowers in the vase withered because they had no water.A.became sweeterB. became redC. became dry11. Just for fun, they decided to try a very circuitous country road instead of the more direct highway.A. directB. indirectC. straight12. That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.A. smallB. largeC. dullis usually prompt for all her classes，but she arrived in the middle of her first class today.A．late B．on time C．pleasedsaw an owl last night but it flew away when he got nearA．a bird B．an animal C．the sunchildren are looking at a large, hairy(毛的) ape at the zookind of monkey B．a kind of snake C．a kind of fruitlady asked the waitress to get her a clean saucer to put her coffee cup on．A．a glass B．a cake C．a small plate。

学法新探在高中英语学习中，根据语境猜测词义是一种常用的词汇学习方法。

同学们在英语学习的过程中难免会碰到一些生难词，又或是一词多义的情况，那么这个时候建议大家不要通过频繁查字典的方式去确定词义，那样会浪费过多的时间。

采用语境猜词法可以有效提升同学们对词义的预测能力，而且还能够对阅读能力的提高有一定的帮助。

下面我将结合实例，教同学们几招语境猜词法的应用技巧。

一、根据句子之间的逻辑关系猜测词义同学们在解答阅读理解题时不难发现，几乎每个语篇中都会出现很多逻辑关联词，而这些逻辑关联词是帮助我们理清材料大意的关键要素。

如果同学们能够了解文章中的逻辑关系，以及它们对应的连接词，那么这可以帮助自己提升猜词的准确性。

逻辑关系主要包括并列关系、递进关系、因果关系、转折关系、对比关系等。

那么该如何通过这些逻辑关系去猜测目标词汇的含义呢？比如以下三个例句：（1）Although I don ’t like it,I will try my best to ac-cept it.（转折）（2）She is not only beautiful,but also full of conno-tation.（递进）（3）Because of the bad weather today,we cancelled our outing plan.（因果）第一个例句是转折关系，通过“Although ”可以确定。

那么“即使我不喜欢它，我也要努力的accept 它”。

这里的“accept ”的意思应该是“接受”。

第二个例句表递进关系，通过“not only …but also ”可以看出。

“她不仅漂亮，而且还很有connotation.”一名女性，除了漂亮之外还很有内涵比较说得通。

所以这里的“connotation ”应该是“内涵，涵养”的意思。

第三个例句是因果关系，通过“Because of ”可以看出。

“因为天气差，所以我们cancelled 了我们的计划。

高中英语猜词题技巧版集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]1、定义或解释说明1. be2.be called…3. means…4. be defined as…5.refer toWe can feel acceleration, which is an increase in speed. But we notice it for only a short time. For example we feel it during the takeoff run of an airplane.1. the underlined word acceleration means _______.A. any kind of movementB. the movement of a planeC. a steady speedD. to make something mover faster2、对比关系1. but/however/yet/while…2. otherwise/or/or else…3. instead of4.although/though/as◎ John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.◎If you agree, write “ yes”; if you dissent, write “no”.◎Although a large number of people considered him to have stolenthe money, I was sure that he was innocent of the thing.(2008江苏卷，A篇) We can allow time to slip by and let it be our enemy(敌人). However, we can also take control of it and make it our ally.56. The underlin ed word “ally” in Para. 3 most likely means somebody or something that is ______.A. your slave and serves youB. your supporter and helps youC. under your control and obeys youD. under your influence and follows you3、因果关系1.because/since/as/for/due to…2.so/ therefore/thus/consequently…3.so…that/such…that◎He’s such a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade.◎She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.◎ The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow(浅的).(2009安徽卷，B篇) Of course, the good of oxen is not limited to plowing. In fact, they are seen as “boats on land” for theirability to carry loads.60. The words “boats on land” underli ned in paragraph 2 refer to __ A．animals for taking goodsB. creatures for pulling plows（犁）C. treasures of the folk cultureD. tools in the farming economy4、举例法1. such as/for example/ for instance2. Like3.especially4.include/including5. consist of◎ Cars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes（刹车）.◎ On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.(09福建卷，E篇) In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions(排放物) to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the melting(融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica.73. The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to “_______”.A. freezing pointsB. burning pointsC. melting pointsD. boiling points5、重述1.that is ( to say )…2. in other words/or…3.to put it another way…◎ In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water their fields.◎ All whales consist of two groups, those with teeth and those without, Dolphins belong to odontoceti, that is to say, they are toothed whales.6. 前后缀猜词1). 常见前缀dis-/in-/non-/ir- 否定前缀 re- 再… mini- 小over- 过度 super- 超过 pre- 前猜词：recall irrelative nonstandard disloyal2).常见后缀-er/-or/-ian/-ist/-ese …人special a.特别的 specialist n.专家-able/-ful/-ish/-ern 形容词后缀reach v. 到达 reachable adj.可获得的-ment/-tion/-ture/-ness 名词后缀careless a.粗心的 carelessness n. 粗心（2008全国卷I, B篇）The new type of pineapple was selling fast, and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basket of the healthy eater.62. The underlined word “fixture” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to something ______.A.that people enjoy eatingB. that is always presentC. that is difficult to getD. that people use as a gift1.(2009天津卷，A篇） Frequently it happens that a place has two names: One is named by the people and the other by the government. As in many areas, old habits died hard, and the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost.37. What doe s the underlined phrase “die hard” in Paragraph 1 probably meanA. Change suddenly.B. Change significantly.C. Disappear mysteriously.D. Disappear very slowly.2.（2009陕西卷，C篇） Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water, there is still a lot of truth in the old wives’ tales.50. The phrase “hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means“_______”.A. to be believableB. to be valuableC. to be admirableD. to be suitable3.A man’s position among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced. Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family, hislineage(宗系), and his tribe.1).The word “disgrace” means ____ in this text.A. honorB. endangerC. proudD. shame4. The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after therevolution he was banished. A few members of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever.1). The underlined word “banished” mean _______.A. killed by stoningB. sent awayC. imprisonedD. punished by whipping5. Doreen Sykora is now a junior at McGill University. She had a difficult time when she first began college. She said, “I was always well prepared for my examinations. But when I go into class to take the exam, I would fall apart. I could just blank out because of nervousness and fear.”1). The phrase “blank out” in Paragraph 1 refers to “_______.”A. lose interest in the examB. refuse to take the examC. get an extra paperD. be unable to think clearly1. Albert’s success after much effort and practice proves the value of persistence.A. timeB. competitionC. perseverance2. All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key.A. 成功的B. 徒劳的C.有效的D. 匆促的3. Though Mr. Smith has been manager for just 3 months, he has already made much greater achievements than his predecessors.A. 上级B. 前任C. 同事D. 下级4. She didn’t hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.A. 心不在焉的B.紧张的C. 全神贯注的D.睡意浓的5. Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl. But her sister wasquite sedate.A. prettyB. calmC. protectiveD. energetic6. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway.A. strongB. firmC. kindD. clever7. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer.A. workB. studyC. nameD. interest8. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city.A. townB. capitalC. countryD. house9. You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in School, or English Learning.A.dictionariesB. story-booksC. magazinesD. newspapers10. The flowers in the vase withered because they had no water.A.became sweeterB. became redC. became dry11. Just for fun, they decided to try a very circuitous country road instead of the more direct highway.A. directB. indirectC. straight12. That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.A. smallB. largeC. dull13.Jane is usually prompt for all her classes，but she arrived in the middle of her first class today.A．late B．on time C．pleased14.Tom saw an owl last night but it flew away when he got nearA．a bird B．an animal C．the sun15.The children are looking at a large, hairy(毛的) ape at the zooA.a kind of monkey B．a kind of snake C．a kind of fruit16.The lady asked the waitress to get her a clean saucer to put her coffee cup on．A．a glass B．a cake C．a small plate。

高中英语猜词题技巧整理版内部编号：（YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128）1、定义或解释说明1. be called… 3. means… 4. be defined as… toWe can feel acceleration, which is an increase in speed. But we notice it for only a short time. For example we feel it during the takeoff run of an airplane.1. the underlined word acceleration means _______.A. any kind of movementB. the movement of a planeC. a steady speedD. to make something mover faster2、对比关系1. but/however/yet/while…2. otherwise/or/or else…3. instead of though/as◎ John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.◎If you agree, write “ yes”; if you dissent, write “no”.◎Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the thing. (2008江苏卷，A篇) We can allow time to slip by and let it be our enemy(敌人). However, we can also take control of it and make it our ally.56. The underlined word “ally” in Para. 3 most likely means somebody or something that is ______.A. your slave and serves youB. your supporter and helps youC. under your control and obeys youD. under your influence and follows you3、因果关系since/as/for/due to…therefore/thus/consequently……that/such…that◎He’s such a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade.◎She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.◎ The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow(浅的).(2009安徽卷，B篇) Of course, the good of oxen is not limitedto plowing. In fact, they are seen as “boats on land” for their ability to carry loads.60. The words “boats on land” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to __A．animals for taking goodsB. creatures for pulling plows（犁）C. treasures of the folk cultureD. tools in the farming economy4、举例法1. such as/for example/ for instance2. Like including 5. consist of◎ Cars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes（刹车）.◎ On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.(09福建卷，E篇) In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions(排放物) to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as themelting(融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica.73. The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to “_______”.A. freezing pointsB. burning pointsC. melting pointsD. boiling points5、重述is ( to say )… 2. in other words/or… put it another way…◎ In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water their fields.◎ All whales consist of two groups, those with teeth andthose without, Dolphins belong to odontoceti, that is to say, they are toothed whales.6. 前后缀猜词1). 常见前缀dis-/in-/non-/ir- 否定前缀 re- 再… mini- 小over- 过度 super- 超过 pre- 前猜词：recall irrelative nonstandard disloyal2).常见后缀-er/-or/-ian/-ist/-ese …人special a.特别的 specialist n.专家-able/-ful/-ish/-ern 形容词后缀reach v. 到达 reachable adj.可获得的-ment/-tion/-ture/-ness 名词后缀careless a.粗心的 carelessness n. 粗心（2008全国卷I, B篇）The new type of pineapple was selling fast, and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture inthe shopping basket of the healthy eater.62. The underlined word “fixture” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to something ______.people enjoy eatingB. that is always presentC. that is difficult to getD. that people use as a gift1.(2009天津卷，A篇） Frequently it happens that a place hastwo names: One is named by the people and the other by the government. As in many areas, old habits died hard, and theplace continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost.37. What doe s the underlined phrase “die hard” in Paragraph 1 probably meanA. Change suddenly.B. Change significantly.C. Disappear mysteriously.D. Disappear very slowly.2.（2009陕西卷，C篇） Even though science can tell us thatsome of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water, there isstill a lot of truth in the old wives’ tales.50. The phrase “hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means“_______”.A. to be believableB. to be valuableC. to be admirableD. to be suitableman’s position among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced.Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family, his lineage(宗系), and his tribe.1).The word “disgrace” means ____ in this text.A. honorB. endangerC. proudD. shame4. The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished. A few members of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever.1). The underlined word “banished” mean _______.A. killed by stoningB. sent awayC. imprisonedD. punished by whipping5. Doreen Sykora is now a junior at McGill University. She hada difficult time when she first began college. She said, “I was always well prepared for my examinations. But when I gointo class to take the exam, I would fall apart. I could just blank out bec ause of nervousness and fear.”1). The phrase “blank out” in Paragraph 1 refers to“_______.”A. lose interest in the examB. refuse to take the examC. get an extra paperD. be unable to think clearly1. Albert’s success after much effort and practice proves the value of persistence.A. timeB. competitionC. perseverance2. All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key.A. 成功的B. 徒劳的C.有效的D. 匆促的3. Though Mr. Smith has been manager for just 3 months, he has already made much greater achievements than his predecessors.A. 上级B. 前任C. 同事D. 下级4. She didn’t hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.A. 心不在焉的B.紧张的C. 全神贯注的D.睡意浓的5. Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl. But her sister was quite sedate.A. prettyB. calmC. protectiveD. energetic6. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway.A. strongB. firmC. kindD. clever7. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer.A. workB. studyC. nameD. interest8. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city.A. townB. capitalC. countryD. house9. You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in School, or English Learning.A.dictionariesB. story-booksC. magazinesD. newspapers10. The flowers in the vase withered because they had no water.A.became sweeterB. became redC. became dry11. Just for fun, they decided to try a very circuitous country road instead of the more direct highway.A. directB. indirectC. straight12. That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.A. smallB. largeC. dullis usually prompt for all her classes，but she arrived in the middle of her first class today.A．late B．on time C．pleasedsaw an owl last night but it flew away when he got nearA．a bird B．an animal C．the sunchildren are looking at a large, hairy(毛的) ape at the zookind of monkey B．a kind of snake C．a kind of fruit lady asked the waitress to get her a clean saucer to put her coffee cup on．A．a glass B．a cake C．a small plate。

高中英语阅读技巧：阅读理解猜词十大技巧1.构词法猜词阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词。

掌握构词法对猜测词义很有帮助。

如：unforeseeable.这个词，可以根据构词法把它拆成un，fore，see，able;其中see是词根，fore是“先，前，预”的含义，un是否定，able是“能……的，可……的”，因此unforeseeable 是“未能预见到的”意思。

2.利用同义近义词猜词在生词所出现的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，这时可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。

统称在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，这些词语或短语在句中作相同的成分，并且and或or连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，甚至推出它的大致词义。

3.利用反义词猜词对比是描述，说明事物的常用方式。

在对比中，对比的事物是互为相反的，因此根据反义或对比关系可从已知推出未知。

利用反义词来说明生词的意义，如反义词hot and cold，perfect and imperfect，甚至前、后句为肯定与否定或是与不是等，在句内词与词之间，在段内句与句之间的关系上起着互为线索的作用。

4.利用上下文语境猜词任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有关。

利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，这也是近年来高考考查的热点。

特别提醒：在做英语阅读理解题时，一定要注意熟词生义!这类猜词题也常见于各年高考题当中。

熟词生义比生词本身的障碍要大得多。

原因有三：其一，高考对生词的数量有数量的规定，不得超过3%;其二，熟词生义很容易引起考生的误解;其三，熟词生义的数量没有限制。

如果这种现象在一篇文章中出现得多，那就更难理解了。

5.利用定义和解释猜词有些文章，特别是科技文章，通常会对一些关键词给予定义，我们可以利用定义来猜测这些词的意思。

猜测词义的十大技巧作者：康瑞祥来源：《高中生·高考指导》2012年第06期在每年高考卷的阅读理解题中，命题人都会通过一些陌生的单词或短语来检测考生对文章重点词汇的把握。

因此，掌握一定的猜词技巧，对突破阅读理解题和提高考生的英语语言能力，都有非常重要的意义。

1．利用定义和解释文章中的有些生词，尤其是新闻报道及科普类文章中的生词，往往在其后有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，如to be，that is，mean，stand for，namely，to mean，in other words 等，有时也以同位语、定语从句的形式出现，或用破折号、括号来表示。

Children often try to emulate or copy the behavior that they see on television.【解析】由连词or可推断出，emulate与copy的意思相近，意为“模仿”。

2．根据普通常识和经验运用逻辑推理能力、自身的生活经验及生活常识，正确推知生词的意思。

All the houses in the city collapsed during the strong earthquake．【解析】凭经验我们知道：强烈的地震会使房子倒塌。

据此我们可容易猜出collapse是“倒塌”的意思。

3．根据上下文的语境文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都与句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。

利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析而推测出词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，也是高考的热点。

If he thinks he can invite me out，he is all wet. I don’t like to be with him.The underlined part “all wet” means“____”.A. drunkB. sweatingC. happyD. mistaken【解析】答案为D。