01- Tuxedo Architecture

BEA Tuxedo®MainframeAdapter forSNARelease NotesVersion 9.1Document Revised: August 16, 2006CopyrightCopyright © 1995-2006 BEA Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.Restricted Rights LegendThis software is protected by copyright, and may be protected by patent laws. No copying or other use of this software is permitted unless you have entered into a license agreement with BEA authorizing such use. This document is protected by copyright and may not be copied photocopied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine readable form, in whole or in part, without prior consent, in writing, from BEA Systems, Inc.Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of BEA Systems. THE DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. FURTHER, BEA SYSTEMS DOES NOT WARRANT, GUARANTEE, OR MAKE ANYREPRESENTATIONS REGARDING THE USE, OR THE RESULTS OF THE USE, OF THE DOCUMENT INTERMS OF CORRECTNESS, ACCURACY, RELIABILITY, OR OTHERWISE.Trademarks and Service MarksCopyright © 1995-2006 BEA Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. BEA, BEA JRockit, BEA WebLogic Portal, BEA WebLogic Server, BEA WebLogic Workshop, Built on BEA, Jolt, JoltBeans, SteelThread, Top End, Tuxedo, andWebLogic are registered trademarks of BEA Systems, Inc. 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Accelerated Knowledge Transfer, AKT, BEA Mission Critical Support, BEA Mission Critical Support Continuum, and BEA SOA Self Assessment are service marks of BEA Systems, Inc.All other names and marks are property of their respective owners.ContentsAbout BEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 New Product Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2Product Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Supported Platforms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Supported Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Gateway Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2Supported Communications Resource Manager Platforms and Required Stacks . . . . .3Supported Mainframe Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Upgrading from eLink Adapter for Mainframe SNA 3.x, eLink Adapter for Mainframe 4.x, or TMA SNA 8.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Known Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Fixed Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Memory-related Issues and Segmentation Fault Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6Two-Phase Commit, Resynchronization, and Protocol Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Timeout Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Miscellaneous Issues and Enhancements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Where to Get Product Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Contacting BEA Customer Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9BEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Release Notes iiiiv BEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Release NotesBEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Release NotesThe following topics are discussed in this document.z About BEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNAz Supported Platformsz Upgrading from eLink Adapter for Mainframe SNA 3.x, eLink Adapter for Mainframe 4.x, or TMA SNA 8.1z Known Problemsz Fixed Problemsz Where to Get Product Documentationz Contacting BEA Customer SupportAbout BEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNABEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA is a domains-based product that provides bidirectional connectivity between BEA Tuxedo 9.1 or 9.0 clients or servers and mainframe applications. The mainframe applications may use Customer Information Control System/Extended SystemArchitecture (CICS TS) and Information Management System (IMS) implicit LU6.2, or any IBM-supported Application Program-to-Program Communication (APPC) or CICS TS interface.BEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Release Notes1New Product FeaturesThe following new features are available in Version 9.1 of the Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA product:z Support for Tuxedo 9.0 and 9.1Product PackagingThe following items are included in the Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA product box:z Product software CD ROMz Product Documentation sheetz BEA Systems, Inc. Support Guide and Registration CardSupported PlatformsThe following sections list the supported platforms for each of the Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA components.Supported Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA GatewayPlatformsTable1 provides a list of platforms that the Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Gatewaysupports.Table1 Platforms Supported by the Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA GatewayOperating SystemHP-UX 11i v2 (32-bit) PA-RISCHP-UX 11i v2 (32-bit) ItaniumHP-UX 11i v2 (64-bit) ItaniumIBM AIX 5.3 (32-bit) on IBM PowerPCSUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 (32-bit) x86Microsoft Windows Server 2003 (32-bit) x86 with VS20032BEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Release NotesSupported PlatformsBEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Release Notes 3Note:Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA is a 32-bit application, but can run on a 64-bitmachine. However, Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA must run with a 32-bit version of Tuxedo 9.1 or 9.0, but cannot run with a 64-bit version of Tuxedo 9.1 or 9.0.For more information, see Oracle Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Certified Platform Tables .Supported Communications Resource Manager Platforms and Required StacksTable 2 provides a list of platforms and stacks that the CRM supports.For more information, see Oracle Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Certified Platform Tables .Supported Mainframe SoftwareTable 3 provides a list of IBM host software supported by Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA.Oracle Solaris 9 (32-bit) SPARCOracle Solaris 10 (32-bit) SPARCTable 2 Platforms Supported by the CRMPlatformStack HP-UX 11i v2 (32-bit) PA-RISCPA-RISC using SNAplus2 v6.2z/OS V1R8 (31 and 64-bit) (MVS)VTAM V1R8Table 1 Platforms Supported by the Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Gateway Operating System4BEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Release NotesUpgrading from eLink Adapter for Mainframe SNA 3.x, eLink Adapter for Mainframe 4.x, or TMA SNA 8.1Use normal installation procedures to upgrade from eLink Adapter for Mainframe SNA 3.x, eLink Adapter for Mainframe 4.x, or from TMA SNA 8.1. No special considerations are necessary.If you are upgrading from a different version of the supported SNA stack, be sure to modify your DMCONFIG file to select the appropriate stack type for your system. Support for some SNA stacks from previous releases of eLink Adapter for Mainframe is no longer applicable. Refer to “Supported Platforms” for more information.Known ProblemsWhen using this release of BEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA, you may encounter some issues that can make Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA inoperable. The following sections describe these issues and provide workarounds where possible.If an entry includes a CR (Change Request) number, a possible solution may exist in a future BEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA release where BEA will provide vendor specific code to fix the problem. Refer to this number to conveniently track the solution as the problems are resolved.Please contact BEA Customer Support for assistance in tracking the unresolved problems identified with a CR number. For contact information, see the section, “Contacting BEA Customer Support.”Table 3 Supported Mainframe SoftwarePlatformCICS Transaction Server 3.1IMS Version 8.1Fixed ProblemsBEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Release Notes 5Fixed ProblemsThis section describes known problems from the prior release of the Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA 8.1 that have been fixed with the current release of the Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA software. The following table lists a Case or CR (Change Request) number for each problem.zMemory-related Issues and Segmentation Fault Issues zTwo-Phase Commit, Resynchronization, and Protocol Issues zTimeout Issues z Miscellaneous Issues and EnhancementsChange RequestNumberDescription CR061031CRM does not shut down when CRMDOWN command is issued.When a CRMDOWN command is issued, the CRM attempts to callgethostbyname(), but the call fails. The CRM returns -1, logs the error message"gethostbyname failed to find host," and does not shut down.Platform: z/OSWorkaround: The CRMDOWN command resolves the IP address using a defaultTCP/IP dataset, for example TCPIP.TCPPARMS.(TCPDATA). This datasetcontains parameters for TCP/IP and methods to communicate with the name server.If this TCP/IP dataset is not available in the default location, the CRMDOWNcommand fails and returns -1. If you are encountering this error, include the datasetwhich contains the TCP/IP information in the JCL which executes the CRMDOWN command.Memory-related Issues and Segmentation Fault Issues ChangeRequestNumberDescription and Workaround or SolutionCR177686Association of tpid to a sequence number is validated to avoid assertion and facilitate creation of new tpid. BLOBLOG manipulation routines modified to handle corruptionwhen BLOB Record header length is zero.CR184520Timeout message is propagated to connection task to cleanup conversation-related information.CR190035Fix for recursive abend accessing task table due to improper cleanup from previous shutdowns.CR195914Fix storage violation for CICS inbound exchange logs not associated to transaction information (blob).CR196206Avoid erasing contents of BLOBLOG for transactions with state prepared after socket disconnect due to gateway shutdown.CR198709Fix to handle the termination of invalid stray task in CRM.CR201874Fix to avoid CRM from crashing during shutdown after inbound rtimout.CR211080Fixed the VTAM S00A8 abend during gateway shutdown.CR233501 & CR235337 Fix for outbound transactions getting lost in CRM after SNACRM_PREPARE is sent to CRM.CR-239810Fixed the CRM 4088 RC-63 LE User abend with crash.CR260250Fixed the CRM assertion at line 376 in crmftsk.cpp, due to reuse of oldCrmServiceContext object.CR262593Fixed the CRM crash after a transevent error, due to reuse of oldCrmServiceContext object.CR280205Modified crmftsk.cpp file to prevent NULL access of CrmTransactionInfo object.6BEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Release NotesFixed ProblemsBEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Release Notes 7Two-Phase Commit, Resynchronization, and Protocol IssuesChangeRequestNumberDescription and Workaround or Solution CR174199CRM sends a committed instead of Heuristic Committed during ExchangeLogs phasefor a transaction marked for recovCommit .CRM sends a SNACRM_HEURISTIC to gateway when it receives aHEURISTIC_RESET from CICS/IMSCR184905Inbound transaction timeout triggered in CICS results in CRM sending the correct status to gateway.CR189199ResourceFailureNoRetry returned by CICS when CRM sends a BackOut to CICS after RtimOut is handled.CR191931CRM will not send SNCRM_FORGET when a HEURISTIC situation is detected byCRM during recovery. CRM will not send SNACRM_HEURISTIC twice. Transactionset to aborted when Reset is received during exchangelogs.CR194346Recovery state machine modified to send appropriate response to RecQuery requests.CR197056RECOVER_QUERY from sub-ordinate gateway is responded with ROLLBACK whenno bloblog entry exists corresponding to transaction requested.CR198010Handle ResourcefailurenoRetry during ProcessPrepare ,check transactionvalidity before logging/forgetting blob. Fixed to send rollback for a transactionrecovering due to remotestart. Handle remote restart resynchronization.CR198560Add modification to handle CICS readtimeout of inbound to Tuxedo requests during indoubt period which causes shunting of the transaction and subsequent resynchronizationflows from CICS. The CRM was attempting to restart the link due to the resync flows,and ultimately lost its active state with the link.CR200298Fix for transaction recovery lost by the CRM introduced in rolling patch 44.CR200624Exchange logs and compare states are executed under the same tpid to group the requeststo SNASVCMGR together. The tpid link list was not threadsafe.CR200684Fix to have gateway reply with appropriate code when BLOB entry is not found during resynchronization.8BEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Release NotesTimeout IssuesCR206268CRM modified to send a SNACRM_FORGET when outbound transactions are aborted due to rollback from gateway after transaction reaches ready state in CRM.CR206869Fix to send correct status of transaction during inbound exchangelogs due to Rtimout insecond phase of two-phase commit. CICS Session outage before first phase oftwo-phase commit due to Rtimout in outbound transaction will be considered as backoutby CRM.CR217745Fix to avoid CRM from sending a rollback for transaction aborted by gateway afterRtimout. Outbound transactions will be dynamically resynchronized by CRM aftersession failure due to Rtimout.CR222352CRM modified to send a SNACRM_FORGET only after receiving SNACRM_DONEin case of inbound transaction with Rtimout.CR245990Modified code to send a SNACRM_FORGET and an informational message toGWSNAX to indicate a possible heuristic completion.CR274199Fixed the protocol violation and CRM looping problem in crmftsk.cpp file.ChangeRequestNumberDescription and Workaround or Solution CR206486The BLOCKTIME configured for each individual service was not coming into effect. With this fix the BLOCKTIME for a given individual service is now coming into effect.CR214109Resolved wrong timeout event with inbound transaction.ChangeRequestNumber Description and Workaround or SolutionWhere to Get Product DocumentationBEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Release Notes 9Miscellaneous Issues and EnhancementsWhere to Get Product DocumentationDocumentation for this product is available on the BEA corporate Web site. From the BEA Home page at , click on Product Documentation or go directly to the “e-docs” Product Documentation page at . The Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA9.1 Product Documentation will have a link on the following location:z Tuxedo 9.0 Product Documentation at the following URL:/tuxedo/tux90/index.htmlzTuxedo 9.1 Product Documentation at the following URL:/tuxedo/tux91/index.html Contacting BEA Customer SupportIf you have any questions about this version of Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA, or if you have problems installing and running the software, contact BEA Customer Support through BEA WebSupport at . You can also contact Customer Support by using the contact information provided on the Customer Support Card, which is included in the product package.When contacting Customer Support, be prepared to provide the following information:ChangeRequestNumberDescription and Workaround or Solution CR179422CRM rejects any new allocate requests when 75% of CRM suspend queue is full.CR179433CRM ISC transformer module is modified to handle an unexpected return value from CICS for DPL request.CR187934CRM user conversation state machine modified to handle resourceFailureNoRetry response during syncpt.CR195348Fix to avoid association of old transaction record retrieved from BLOBLOG to new transaction.CR276072Added a timestamp to messages written to SYSOUT.z Your name, e-mail address, phone number, and fax numberz Your company name and company addressz Your machine type and authorization codesz The name and version of the product you are usingz A description of the problem and the content of pertinent error messages 10BEA Tuxedo Mainframe Adapter for SNA Release Notes。

北京威斯通软件开发有限公司MIB大全常用软硬件MIB参考Zhou Wei2014/8/31目录一.Brocade (1)1. Brocade MIB参考手册 (1)2. Brocade MIB OID (5)3. Brocade MIB文件 (5)3.1. Brocade MIB File (5)3.2. Standard MIBs (6)4. MIB加载顺序 (8)二.Cisco (9)1. Cisco MIB文件资源 (9)2. Cisco MIB参考手册 (9)3. Cisco SNMP工具 (9)4. Cisco CAT3560 CAT3750 C3845-NOVPN MIB (10)5. Cisco ASA5500 MIB (10)三.Oracle Database (12)1. Oracle Database Architecture (12)2. Oracle SNMP Support Components (13)3. Oracle Database SNMP参考手册 (14)4. Oracle MIB OID (15)5. Oracle私有MIB OID解释 (15)6. 公共数据库MIB OID解释 (16)7. Oracle MIB变量实例 (16)四.Oracle WebLogic (17)1. Oracle WebLogic SNMP参考手册 (17)2. 配置SNMP (17)3. MIB库位置 (17)五.Oracle BEA Tuxedo (17)1. Oracle Tuxedo SNMP参考手册 (17)六.Oracle Server（SPARC & X86） (18)1. ILOM (18)2. Oracle Hardware Management Pack 2.3 (18)2.1. Hardware Management Pack安装先决条件 (18)2.2. Oracle Server Management Agents (19)2.3. Oracle Server硬件MIB (19)3. Oracle Server Management Agents for Oracle Solaris User's Guide (20)七.Oracle Solaris (20)1. Solaris SMA管理和开发手册 (20)2. SMA内置的MIB (21)八.Windows (22)1. Windows MIB文件 (22)2. 第三方SNMP扩展 (23)九.Oracle Pillar Axiom (23)十.VMware vSphere (23)1. VMware vSphere 5 SNMP手册 (23)2. VMware vSphere 5 MIB (24)十一.附录 (25)一. Brocade1. Brocade MIB参考手册最新的Fabric OS MIB ReferencePublication Number: 53-1002750-02在线和下载链接:/downloads/documents/product_manuals/B_SAN/FOS_MI B_v710.pdf/downloads/documents/html_product_manuals/FOS_MIB REF_710/wwhelp/wwhimpl/js/html/wwhelp.htm四川有线：/dtscp75322/attachments/dtscp75322/fibre/11254/1 /53_1001768_01_FOS_MIB_v640.pdf2. Brocade MIB OIDBrocade SW.MIB OID1.3.6.1.4.1.1588.2.1.1.1mDev.fibreChannel.fcSwitch.swObject Instances1.3.6.1.4.1.1588.2.1.1.1.6.2.1.11 is the OID (of swFCPortTxWords) and 5 is the instance ID for port 4.FC SW的端口号是从0开始，SNMP MIB库是从1开始计数，所以实例号需要是端口号+13. Brocade MIB文件3.1. Brocade MIB File• bd.mib• BRCD_REG.mib• BRCD_TC.mib• brcdfcip.mib• CPQ_HOST.mib• CPQ_RACK.mib• FA.mib• FICON.mib• HA.mib• IBMBladeCenterTrapMIB.mib• SW.mib• faext.mib3.2. Standard MIBsDistribution of standard MIBs has been stopped from Fabric OS v6.4.0. /• SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB• IF-MIB• IANAifType-MIB• INET-ADDRESS-MIB• RFC1213-MIB• SNMPv2-MIB• ENTITY-MIB• RMON-MIB• FC-MGMT-MIB• FCIP-MGMT-MIB• ISCSI-MIB• FIBRE-CHANNEL-FE-MIB• SNMPv2-PARTY-MIB• SNMPv2-SMI-MIB• SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB• SNMP-USER-BASED-SM-MIB• SNMP-TARGET-MIB• IEEE 802.1x PAE MIB• IEEE 802.3 LAG MIB• BRIDGE-MIB• P-BRIDGE MIB• Q-BRIDGE MIB• RSTP-MIB• LLDP MIB• LLDP-EXT-DOT1-MIB• LLDP-EXT-DOT3-MIB • IP MIB• SNMP-COMMUNITY-MIB4. MIB加载顺序二. Cisco1. Cisco MIB文件资源Cisco MIB files FTP siteftp:///pub/mibs2. Cisco MIB参考手册MIB Compilers and Loading MIBs/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/simple-network-management-proto col-snmp/26015-mibcompilers.html/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/simple-network-management-proto col-snmp/26015-mibcompilers.pdfCisco IOS SNMP Traps Supported and How to Configure Them/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/simple-network-management-proto col-snmp/13506-snmp-traps.htmlCisco PIX 500 Series Security AppliancesUsing SNMP with the Security Appliances PIX/ASA/c/en/us/support/docs/security/pix-500-series-security-applia nces/13822-pixsnmp.html/c/en/us/support/docs/security/pix-500-series-security-applia nces/13822-pixsnmp.pdf3. Cisco SNMP工具SNMP对象导航器（检索OID和对象名，下载MIB库，检索MIB库对应IMG）/Support/SNMP/do/BrowseOID.doMIB查找工具（根据产品型号查找包含的MIB库）/ITDIT/MIBS/MainServlet/public/sw-center/netmgmt/cmtk/mibs.shtml4. Cisco CAT3560 CAT3750 C3845-NOVPN MIB可以从网站通过工具直接列出，由于MIB清单过长，见Excel文件。

建筑常用英语词汇 20090617Above-ground total building area 地上总建筑面积Animation 动画anteroom/foyer 门斗apartment house 公寓式住宅apartment office building 公寓式办公楼architectural morphology 建筑形态学archive management center 档案管理中心Art-nouveau Movement 新艺术运动balcony 阳台Baroque architecture 巴洛克建筑barrier free design 无障碍设计Base Document 甲方提供原始文件basement 地下室bathroom 浴室Bay window 凸窗bedroom 卧室Bird’s View 鸟瞰图boiler room 锅炉间broadcasting room 广播室brutalism 粗野主义building aseismicity 建筑抗震building configuration 建筑造型Building density 建筑密度building energy conservation 建筑节能building engineering 建筑工程building equipment installation 建筑设备安装building floor number 建筑层数building geotechnics 建筑勘探Building height limit 建筑限高building industry 建筑业building maintenance 建筑维护building module 建筑模数building performance 建筑性能Building setback relative to site red lines 建筑退用地红线Building Standards 建筑标准building surveying 建筑测量builidng finishing 建筑装修business center 商务中心business office building 商务写字楼Byzantine architecture 拜占庭建筑CAD Site 原始地形图Car Park Ratio 停车率car park space 停车空间cellar 地窖Chinese restaurant 中餐厅civil air defense 人防classical order 古典柱式Client 甲方coat room, cloak room 衣帽间coffee 咖啡厅color match 配色color system 色彩系统commom room, community room 公共活动室 computer room 电子计算机房Concept & Master Planning 概念及总规划Conceptual Design 概念设计conference room 会议室constructivism 构成主义Contact 联系contextualism 文脉主义Cornice 飞檐corridor 走廊cottage 农舍courtyard house 庭院式住宅critical regionalism 批判地方主义 Cultural Positioning 文化定位deconstruction 解构主义 deconstructivism 反构成主义Dentil 齿饰department 部门Design Basis 设计基础Design Code 设计规范Design Deliverable 设计成果Design Institution 设计院Design Narrative 设计说明Design Principle 设计原则Design Proposal 设计任务书Design Reference设计参考Design Schedule 设计流程表Design Task 设计要求Detail 大样(建筑专用)dining room 餐室Dormer 天窗dormitory 宿舍Double-hung window 双悬窗Drawing 图，图纸Eave 屋檐eclecticism 折中主义Elevation 立面elevator apartment 电梯式公寓enrtance hall 门厅entertainment center 娱乐中心entrance入口environment protection 环保environment 环境environmental art 环境艺术epidemic prevention 防疫Exchange 交流expressionism 表现主义exterior decoration 外部装饰exterior-corridor type apartmnet 外廊式公寓 FAR 容积率Final Design 最终设计fire protection 消防fire-fighting 防火floor 楼层Frieze 横条frontage 屋前空地functional space 功能空间functionalism 功能主义gallery 画廊，游廊General Positioning 总体定位General Site Profile 现场条件Gothic architecture 哥特式建筑Grading Design 竖向规划图Grading Planning 竖向规划Greek architecture 古希腊建筑Green ratio 绿地率Green System Planning 绿地系统规划ground floor 底层Guest Room 客房gymnasium 健身Hand-drawing 手绘hanging cabinet 吊柜highrise building 高层建筑hightech architecture 高技术建筑historical building presvervation 古建筑保护hotel office building 酒店式办公楼house for the lderly 老年公寓Illustrative Site Plan 规划总平面图Image Positioning 形象定位Image 意向图片Incomging 收到independent office 独立办公室information desk 问询处interior decoration 室内装饰Interior 室内International Style 国际风格Islamic architecture 伊斯兰建筑janitor's room 值班室key designer 主要设计师kitchen 厨房Land for industrial use 工业用地land parcel 地块Land Use Planning 用地规划landmark 地标Landscape Analysis Diagram 景观分析图Landscape Design 景观设计large suite 大套间light court/light well 天井living room 起居室Location Map 区位分析图mail/distribution room 收发室maisonette 两层独立公寓mannerism 手法主义Massing model 体块模型Master Plan 总平面图Material 材料，素材medium-sized meeting room 中型会议室Meeting Center 会议中心metabolism 新陈代谢主义mezzanine 夹层Model Company 模型公司Model 模型Modeling 建模modernism 现代主义Moulding 造型multi-family house 多户住宅multi-functional facilities 多功能设施Multifunctional restaurant 多功能餐厅Multi-paned 多格的multiple-use building 综合楼multistory building 多层建筑Muntin 门扇中梃；门中梃national style 民族风格neoclassicism 新古典主义neorationalism 新理性主义nursing home 养老院office building 办公建筑Office Complex 办公综合体one-story house, bungalow 平房open space 开敞空间organic architecture 有机建筑Outgoing 发出Overall Controlling Detailed Planning 控制性详细规划Overall Planning 总规划平面图overhang 骑楼Overhang 突起Pane 窗格pedestrian circulation 人行流线Perspective 透视图phase 1 一期Plan 平面图Planning Principles 规划原则point block 点式住宅post-modernism 后现代主义Presentation汇报professional designer 专业设计师Project assistant 项目助理project manager 项目经理Project Scale 项目规模Project Schedule 项目流程表Projecting 伸出property management room 物业管理用房Publication Center 出版中心Radius 半径reading room 阅览室reception 前台，接待Red Line 用地红线Regulation 规章Renaissance architecture 文艺复兴建筑 Rendering Company 效果图公司Rendering 手绘，效果图residential building 居住建筑rest space 休息空间revivalism 复古主义Rococo architecture 洛可可建筑Roman architecture 古罗马建筑 Romanesque architecture 罗曼式建筑roof slab 楼板row house, terrace house 联排式住宅 sanitation 卫生设施Sash 窗扇Section 剖面图service room 服务间service/residential apartment 酒店式公寓 shopping center 购物中心single family house/SF 独户住宅single-story building 单层建筑Site Condition Analysis 场地条件分析Site Photo 现场照片skip-floor aparment 跃层式公寓skyscraper 摩天楼slab block 板式住宅small-sized meeting room 小型会议室Soft Copy 电子文件solar building 太阳能建筑space configuration 空间构图standard room 标准间stepped house, terraced house 台阶式住宅 storage room 储藏室street-front building perspective 沿街建筑透视图structuralism 结构主义study 书房sub-basement 半地下室substation/transformation substation 变电间 super highrise building 超高层建筑support system 支撑体系surface parking 地面停车Technical Index 技术指标telephone exchange room 电话总机房terrace/deck 平台toilet 厕所top floor 顶层Total Building Area 总建筑面积Total Site Area 总用地面积Traffic Analysis Diagram 交通分析图Training Center 培训中心transportation 运输typical building perspective 典型建筑透视图Unit Type 户型Urban Planning 城市规划vehicle circulation 车行流线Vehicle Entrance 车行入口vernacular architecture 乡土建筑Vertical 垂直的villa 别墅VIP Room 贵宾室wall unit, case unit 壁柜washroom 卫生间water heater room 开水间youth apartment 青年公寓Parapet 女儿墙Parapet Displacement 女儿墙位移Pieced Parapet 镂空女儿墙Parapet Gutter 女儿墙天沟。

中间件定义及分类中间件（Middleware）是处于操作系统和应用程序之间的软件，也有人认为它应该属于操作系统中的一部分。

人们在使用中间件时，往往是一组中间件集成在一起，构成一个平台(包括开发平台和运行平台)，但在这组中间件中必需要有一个通信中间件，即中间件=平台＋通信，这个定义也限定了只有用于分布式系统中才能称为中间件，同时还可以把它与支撑软件和实用软件区分开来为解决分布异构问题，人们提出了中间件(middleware)的概念。

中间件是位于平台(硬件和操作系统)和应用之间的通用服务，如图1所示，这些服务具有标准的程序接口和协议。

针对不同的操作系统和硬件平台，它们可以有符合接口和协议规范的多种实现。

图1 中间件也许很难给中间件一个严格的定义，但中间件应具有如下的一些特点：满足大量应用的需要运行于多种硬件和OS平台支持分布计算，提供跨网络、硬件和OS平台的透明性的应用或服务的交互支持标准的协议支持标准的接口由于标准接口对于可移植性和标准协议对于互操作性的重要性，中间件已成为许多标准化工作的主要部分。

对于应用软件开发，中间件远比操作系统和网络服务更为重要，中间件提供的程序接口定义了一个相对稳定的高层应用环境，不管底层的计算机硬件和系统软件怎样更新换代，只要将中间件升级更新，并保持中间件对外的接口定义不变，应用软件几乎不需任何修改，从而保护了企业在应用软件开发和维护中的重大投资。

三、主要中间件的分类中间件所包括的范围十分广泛，针对不同的应用需求涌现出多种各具特色的中间件产品。

但至今中间件还没有一个比较精确的定义，因此，在不同的角度或不同的层次上，对中间件的分类也会有所不同。

由于中间件需要屏蔽分布环境中异构的操作系统和网络协议，它必须能够提供分布环境下的通讯服务，我们将这种通讯服务称之为平台。

基于目的和实现机制的不同，我们将平台分为以下主要几类：远程过程调用（Remote Procedure Call）面向消息的中间件（Message-Oriented Middleware）对象请求代理（Object Request Brokers）它们可向上提供不同形式的通讯服务，包括同步、排队、订阅发布、广播等等，在这些基本的通讯平台之上，可构筑各种框架，为应用程序提供不同领域内的服务，如事务处理监控器、分布数据访问、对象事务管理器OTM等。

中间件技术介绍中间件（middleware）是基础软件的一大类，属于可复用软件的范畴。

顾名思义，中间件处于操作系统软件与用户的应用软件的中间。

中间件在操作系统、网络和数据库之上，应用软件的下层，总的作用是为处于自己上层的应用软件提供运行与开发的环境，帮助用户灵活、高效地开发和集成复杂的应用软件。

在众多关于中间件的定义中，比较普遍被接受的是IDC 表述的：中间件是一种独立的系统软件或服务程序，分布式应用软件借助这种软件在不同的技术之间共享资源，中间件位于客户机服务器的操作系统之上，管理计算资源和网络通信。

IDC对中间件的定义表明，中间件是一类软件，而非一种软件；中间件不仅仅实现互连，还要实现应用之间的互操作；中间件是基于分布式处理的软件，最突出的特点是其网络通信功能。

中科院软件所研究员仲萃豪形象地把中间件定义为：平台＋通信。

这个定义限定了只有用于分布式系统中的此类软件才能被称为中间件，同时此定义还可以把中间件与支撑软件和实用软件区分开来。

目前，中间件发展很快，已经与操作系统、数据库并列为三大基础软件。

中间件主要分为以下几类：1.通信处理（消息）中间件此类中间件能在不同平台之间通信，实现分布式系统中可靠的、高效的、实时的跨平台数据传输（如Tong LINK、BEAe Link、IBM的MQ Series等）。

这是中间件中唯一不可缺少的，是销售额最大的中间件产品。

2.交易中间件在分布式事务处理系统中要处理大量事务，常常在系统中要同时做上万笔事务。

例如在北京市就要设置各种运载汽车，完成日常的运载，同时要随时监视汽车运行，出现故障时，要有排除措施，发生堵塞时要进行调度。

在联机事务处理系统（OLTP）中，每笔事务常常要多台服务器上的程序顺序地协调完成，一旦中间发生某种故障时，不但要完成恢复工作，而且要自动切换系统，达到系统永不停机，实现高可靠性运行；同时要使大量事务在多台应用服务器能实时并发运行，并进行负载平衡地调度，实现昂贵的可靠性机和大型计算机系统同等的功能，为了实现这个目标，要求系统具有监视和调度整个系统的功能。

1.图片描述模版1）整体描述The intriguing（C级词汇）photograph/picture shows that …It's a black-and-white colored photo.This colorful picture gives information about…As we can see from the picture,there are…2）图里有什么?(风景类图片重点)In the foreground/background you can see …In the foreground/background there is …In the middle/center there are …At the top/At the bottom there is …On the left/right there are …On the left of the picture,the girl…The girl on the right side of the picture is…Behind/In front of…you can see…Between…there is…3）人在做什么?(人物类重点)What we can see from the picture is that she is……4)轻微推断(神态、身份、关系…)如果还未说满30s,可采用。

It seems as if … The lady seems to …Maybe …The atmosphere is peaceful/depressing …- Based on my observation, this image is taken in XX (eg. street, school..). The person seems to be doing sth.He/she is wearing XX and he/she looks very (adj.)…- On his left side/ behind him/ in front of him is…- In the foreground/background/distance there is…1.图片场景（1） Location 地段in the city center/in the downtown area 市中心 on campus 校园里in the suburbs of city 郊区right next to school(选取参照物)in the southwest part of city (描述具体方位)（2）Neighborhood 周边环境recreational/sports facilities 娱乐/运动设施public transport 公共交通livable environment 宜居环境2.人物类描述词汇合集（1）外貌特征（2）性格形容词3.Adventurous冒险精神的Someone who is adventurous enjoys adventure and takes risks.4.Affectionate有爱的Someone who is affectionate shows their love for other people5.Ambitious雄心壮志的A person who is ambitious wants to be successful in their career,studies,sport.6.Brave勇敢的A brave person wants to do difficult or challenging things and is not afraid.7.Chatty爱聊天Someone who is chatty enjoys talking to other people a lot.8.Cheerful开心的A cheerful person smiles a lot and is happy.9.Confident自信的Confident people feel sure about their own ability and present themselves well to other people10.Creative创造性的Someone who is creative is very good at designing or making things.11.Determined富有决心的A determined person makes a definite decision and does not give up.12.Easy-going好相处的Someone who is easy-going is quite relaxed and accepts things as they are.13.Enthusiastic 热情的Someone who is enthusiastic shows lots of interest in something and is very positive about it.14.Frank 诚实的Someone who is frank is honest and direct in what they say.15.Friendly 友好的A friendly person always talks to other people and perhaps helps them too.16.Generous 慷慨的A generous person is kind to other people, may give presents or lend money.17.Hard-working 努力工作的Someone who is hard working always puts a lot of effort into their work18.Helpful 人心帮忙的A helpful person is always happy to help other people.19.Honest 诚实的An honest person tells the truth and never steals or cheats.20. Imaginative 富有想象力的An imaginative person has good ideas or is good at creating stories or artwork.21.Intelligent 聪明的Someone who is intelligent is good at learning. This person may think about things in a logical way.22.Kind 善良的A kind person cares about other people and behaves positively towards them.23.Loyal 诚实的Someone who is loyal will always support his or her friends.24.Meticulous 细心的A meticulous person pays careful attention to detail, probably has a tidy house and neat handwriting!25.Modest 谦逊的Someone who is modest does not show off about his or her abilities or possessions.26.0ptimistic 乐观的An optimistic person has a positive view of life and expects good things to happen.27.0utgoing 开朗的An outgoing person is very sociable28.Patient 耐心的Someone who is patient does not get annoyed or frustrated easily and has time for other people.29.Reliable可靠的A person who is reliable can always be trusted to do what is required.30.Sensible明智的A person who is sensible makes decisions based onreason/logic, does nottake risks31.Sensitive敏感的A sensitive person is very aware of other people's feelings,can be easily hurtemotionally32.Sincere真诚的A sincere person is honest in their relationships with others and says whatthey think or feel.33.Sociable爱社交的Someone who is sociable loves chatting with other people34.Sympathetic富有同情心的Someone who is sympathetic understands other people's problems very well.35.Thoughtful思考的Someone who is thoughtful always thinks of other people,remembersbirthdays and sends a card!36.Trustworthy值得信任的A trustworthy person is someone you can rely on to be honest.37.Skillful有技巧的A consummate actor/actress/athlete=a very skillful actor/actress/athlete一位有才华的演员/女演员/运动员Frightened,confused,excited,calm,delighted,relaxed,discouragedgloomy,withdrawn,frustrated,uncomfortable,fearful,youthful,overwhelmed,thankful,naughty,doubtful,shy,scared,curious,cheerful,content,surprised,nervous,bored,worried,sleepysatisfied,lovely,joyful,anxious,concentrating,hysterical.（3）.服装类表达日常着装：1.shirt 衬衫2.jeans 牛仔裤3.dress 连衣裙4.T-shirt t恤5.baseball cap 棒球帽6.socks 袜子7.athletic shoes 运动鞋A.tie 系鞋带8.blouse 女装衬衫9.handbag 手提包10.skirt 裙子11.suit 西装12.slacks/pants 休闲裤/裤子13.shoes 鞋子14.sweater 毛衣15.put on 穿上便服，工作服，正装：Casual Clothes休闲服1.cap 帽子2.cardigan sweater 开衫毛衣3.pullover sweater 套头毛衣4.sports shirt 运动衫5.maternity dress 孕妇装6.overalls 背带裤；工装裤7.knit top 针织衫8.capris 女紧身裤；七分裤9.sandals 凉鞋Work Clothes 工作服10.uniform 制服11.business suit 西装 12./tie 领带13.briefcase 公文包Formal Clothes 正式的服装14.sports jacket/sports coat (男子在非正式场合穿的)粗花呢西装外套15.vest 马甲16.bow tie 领结17.tuxedo 燕尾服18.evening gown 晚礼服19.clutch bag 手抓包20.cocktail dress 手抓包21.high heels 高跟鞋Exercise Wear 运动服22.sweatshirt/hoodie 运动衫/连帽衫23.sweatpants 宽松长运动裤24.tank top 背心25.shorts 短裤季节性服装：1.hat 带沿的帽子2.(over)coat 大衣3.headband 头巾4.leather jacket 皮夹克5.winter scarf 保暖围巾6.gloves 手套7.head wrap 头巾；发带8.jacket 夹克9.parka 风雪大衣10.mittens 连指手套11.ski hat滑雪帽12.leggings 打底裤；紧身裤13.earmuffs 耳套14.down vest 羽绒背心15.ski mask 滑雪面罩16.down jacket 羽绒服17.umbrella 伞18.raincoat 雨衣19.poncho 雨披20.rain boots 雨靴21.trench coat 风衣(军用雨衣)22.swimming trunks 男式泳裤23.straw hat 草帽24.windbreaker 防风夹克25.cover-up 罩衫；在海边穿的毛巾上衣26.swimsuit/bathing suit 泳衣/泳衣27.sunglasses 太阳镜工作场合的服装：Construction Worker 建筑工人1.hard hat 安全帽2.work shirt 工作衫3.tool belt 工具腰带Road Worker 修路工4.Hi-Visibility safety vest 高能见度安全背心5.work pants 工作裤6.steel toe boots 钢头鞋；安全鞋(防砸脚，保护足趾) Automotive painter 汽车喷漆工7.ventilation mask 通气面罩8.coveralls 衣裤相连的工作服Food Processor 食品加工人员(食品处理器/加工机也是这个词)9.bump cap 防撞帽10.safety glasses 安全眼镜11.apron 围裙Manager 经理12.blazer (带有学校、俱乐部等标记的)夹克 13./tie 领带Salesperson 售货员14.polo shirt Polo衫 tag 胸牌Farmworker 农场工人16.bandana 头巾；大手帕17.work gloves 工作手套Ranch Hand牧场工人18.cowboy hat 牛仔帽19.jeans 牛仔裤Security Guard 保安人员20.security shirt 保安恤衫21.badge 徽章22.security pants 保安裤Emergency worker 应急人员23.helmet 头盔24.jumpsuit 连裤衫Counterperson 助厨(在柜台上提供食物的人)25.hairnet 发网26.smock 罩衣；工作服27.disposable gloves 一次性手套Chef 主厨28.chef's hat 厨师帽29.chef's jacket 厨师服Line Cook 厨房生产线上的厨师30.waist apron 围裙Nurse 护士31.scrubs 外科手术服Medical Technician 医药技术人员32.facemask 面罩b coat 实验袍，试验大褂；实验服；白大褂tex gloves 乳胶手套Surgical Assistant 手术助手35.surgical scrub cap 外科手术帽36.surgical mask 医用外科口罩37.surgical gown 手术衣38.surgical scrubs 外科手术服Trim 点缀30.ribbon 丝带31.applique32.beads 珠子34.fringe 流苏33.sequins 亮片准备以至少30秒的时间谈论以下图像Black/white doted a checked shirt /yellow t-orange t-shirt/cartoonP¹鸽子：pigeon (n.)人行道：sidewalkP2机车：locomotive (n.) 蒸气：steam ( n.)运货车厢：freightcar 煤炭：coal ( n.)锤子：hammer ( n.)捶打铁轨：pound against therailwaytracks 制服：uniform ( n.)破旧的：shabby (adj.)P3推车：pushcart (n.) 面粉：flour ( n.)P4啤酒桶：beer kegP5充气垫子：inflatablemattress 扑向. :pounceon光着上半身：be naked to thewaist 滑行：slide ( v.)沙滩装：beachwear (n.) 草坪：lawn ( n .)P6路灯：lamppost (n.) 排屋：rowhouse拱形：arch ( n .)建筑风格：architecture ( n.) P7悬崖：cliff ( n .)羽绒服：downjacket 被子：covers( n.)睡袋：sleepingbag 兜帽：hood( n.)马甲：vest(n.)攀岩：rock climbing担架床：stretcher (n.)P8护目镜：goggles泳帽：swimming cap泳道：swimminglane 泳池梯子：poolladder各就各位：take up his positionP9辫子：braidP10建筑工地：constructionsite 条纹：stripe(n.)脚手架：scaffold(n.)P12检修：service(v.)头盔：helmet(n.)桶：bucket(n.)木板：wooden boardP13敞篷车：convertible(n.)P19卷心菜：cabbage(n.)厢式货车：van(n.)P25(头发)紧紧卷曲的：frizzy(adj.)P27放大镜：magnifying glassP29电子表：digitalwatch 奖章：medal(n.)P31跪在地上：kneel on theground 医护人员：paramedic(n.)横幅：banner(n.)P33手提箱：case(n.)P36睡衣：pajamas(n.)斑点：spot(n.)P42隧道：tunnel(n.)涂鸦：graffiti(n.)火车轨道：rail track废弃的：abandoned(adj.)小道：footpath(n.)P48做手势：make a gesture春游/秋游：spring outing/autumn outing 连帽卫衣：hoodie(n.)P49卷发：curly hair用桨划：paddle(v.)皮划艇：kayak(n.)救生衣：life vest青色：cyan(n.)P50运动鞋：sneakers(n.)纹身：tattoo(n.)发福的：portly(adj.)黑帮成员：gangster(n.)叛逆的：rebellious(adj.)P51螳螂：mantis(n.)爬行：crawl(v.)金发：blonde hairP59牛仔马术：rodeo(n.)牛仔：cowboy (n.)把….甩下来：shake...off马鞍：saddle(n.)P63赛车：race car急转弯：turn sharp油漆：paint(n./v.)赞助商：sponsor(n.)尾翼：spoiler(n.)堆：pile(n./v.)轮胎：tyre下水道盖子：sewer cover失误：make a lapseP64靠在…身上：lean her body on. 背对着..: turn her back towards .P65螺旋式楼梯：spiral staircaseP66摩天大楼：skyscraper(n.)圆形的：circular(adj.)正面：facade(n.)等式：equation(n.)通道：passage(n.)P67扫把：broom(n.)花瓶：vase(n.)碎片：fragment (n.)车牌：car plateP68井：well(n.)混凝土：concrete(n.)P69刮胡子：shave(v.)P70钢索：cable(n.)系在腰上：tied to the waistP72电钻：power drillP73尖叫：scream(v.)直发：straight hair鳄鱼：crocodile(n.)惊吓：scare(v.)恶作剧：play a practical jokeP75围裙：apron(n.)P77理发：get a haircut吹风机：hairdryerP80倒影：reflection(n.)灌木丛：bush(n.)弯腰：bend down蹲下：crouch(v.)卡其色：khaki(adj./n.)P81高空跳伞：skydive(v.)教练：instructor/coach(n.) 墨镜：dark glasses俯瞰：overlook(v.)P82乞丐：beggar(n.)残疾的：disabled(adj.)无家可归的：homeless(adj.) 路人：passer-byP83伐木：log(v.)格子衬衫：checked shirt手套：gloves(n.)胡须：beard(n.)皱纹：wrinkle(n.)大剪子：shears(n.)P84影子：shadow(n.)绳子：rope(n.)拖动：drag/pull(v.)货车：truck半独立式房屋：semi-detached house/duplex 小丑：clown(n.)P85三脚架：tripod(n.)把手：handle(n.)篮子：basket(n.)小发夹：pin(n.)望远镜：telescope(n.)P88涂鸦：graffiti(n.)章鱼：octopus杆子：postP89标牌：sign(n.)大写：in capital lettersP90骨瘦如柴的：skinny (adj.)耳垂：earlobe(n.)手提包：handbag(n.)肚子：stomach/belly(n.)P91实验：experiment(n.)玻璃壶：glass kettle倒：pour(v.)液体：liquid(n.)漏斗：funnel(n.)打气筒：pump(n.)P92遗迹：remains(n.)神庙：temple(n.)希腊：Greece信奉：worship(n.)石灰岩：limestone(n.)乳白色：ivory(n.)圆柱：column(n.)梁：beam(n.)13。

一jquery技术介绍为了在前端得到更好的用户体验，减轻服务器端的负载压力，越来越多的javascript框架被应用到Web开发中。

jQuery是继prototype之后又一个优秀的javascript框架。

它是轻量级的js库，压缩后只有21k，兼容CSS3，还兼容各种浏览器，如IE 6.0+，FF 1.5+，Safari 2.0+，Opera 9.0+等。

这些特点使得开发者不需要关注浏览器的兼容性，而把更多的精力投入到业务逻辑和用户体验的实现上。

jQuery的语法设计可以使开发者更加便捷，例如操作文档对象、选择DOM 元素、制作动画效果、事件处理、使用Ajax以其他功能。

早在jQuery诞生之初，其核心理念就是write less，do more，让开发人员通过较少的代码实现更丰富的功能。

1 jQuery环境的搭建在Web开发中应用jQuery非常简便。

jQuery库是一个单独的javascript文件，可以保存到本地或者服务器直接引用，也可以从多个公共服务器中选择引用。

引用的语法则和引用js文件一样，通常如下：<script type="text/javascript" src="jQuery/1.8/jQuery.min.js"></script>2 jQuery让AJAX变得简单AJAX即“Asynchronous JavaScript and XML”（异步JavaScript和XML)，是指一种创建交互式网页应用的网页开发技术。

通过AJAX，可使用XMLHttpRequest对象来直接与服务器进行通信。

通过这个对象，可在不重载页面的情况与Web服务器交换数据，从而做到了页面的局部刷新。

正因为AJAX 技术的出现和成熟，使得Web应用和桌面应用程序的距离越来越近。

页面不再会不停刷屏甚至白屏，带给用户更好的操作体验。

在网页中合理地使用AJAX可以使Web应用焕然一新。

Oracle® CloudImages for Oracle Tuxedo for OCI Release 22cF75080-04May 2023Oracle Cloud Images for Oracle Tuxedo for OCI, Release 22c F75080-04Copyright © 2022, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Primary Author: Preeti GandheContributing Authors: Tulika DasContributors: Maggie Li, Yash PatilContents1 Images for Oracle Tuxedo for OCI1.1About Oracle Tuxedo for OCI Images1-11.2Software Requirements1-31.3Ongoing Maintenance and Patching Requirements1-42 Create an Instance2.1Use an Image2-12.2Create Compartment Policies2-22.3Create an Instance Using the Compute Instance Console2-32.4Create an Instance Using the Marketplace2-41Images for Oracle Tuxedo for OCILearn about the images in Oracle Tuxedo for Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (Oracle Tuxedo forOCI) and how to use these images to create instances in Oracle Tuxedo for Oracle CloudInfrastructure.Topics:•About Oracle Tuxedo for OCI Images•Software Requirements•Ongoing Maintenance and Patching Requirements1.1 About Oracle Tuxedo for OCI ImagesOracle Tuxedo for OCI images are preinstalled with the Oracle Tuxedo software version22.1.0.0.0, shipped with Rolling Patch 001 (RP001). The Oracle Tuxedo for OCI images useOracle Linux 8.6 as the operating system.Oracle Tuxedo for OCI supports:•Bring Your Own License (BYOL) Images: If you already have a valid Tuxedo license and a support contract to use Tuxedo, then you can bring those licenses to OCI for usingthe BYOL images. You will only pay for the charges associated with the infrastructure andthe computing, for example, OCPUs, storage, and anything else required by the Tuxedoapplication.•Universal Credits Model (UCM) Images: Using UCM images incurs a fee per OCPU per hour for accessing the Tuxedo software. The use of these images implies a license andsupport agreement, even though a contract is not required.Table 1-1 Oracle Tuxedo OCI Marketplace Image billing optionsBring Your Own License (BYOL)Universal Credits Model (UCM)User brings user's own license.Oracle provides the license to the user.User is charged only for the Cloud er is charged for both the license and theinfrastructure.Oracle Tuxedo for OCI offers the following BYOL and UCM images:Oracle Tuxedo ImageIf you want to utilize only Oracle Tuxedo, without any add-on products.Oracle Tuxedo Enterprise Edition ImageIf you want to use at least one of the add-on products, in addition to Oracle Tuxedo. Inaddition to Oracle Tuxedo, the Enterprise Edition includes the following add-ons:•Oracle® Tuxedo Advanced Performance PackChapter 1About Oracle Tuxedo for OCI Images•Oracle® Tuxedo Jolt•Oracle® Service Architecture Leveraging TuxedoOracle Tuxedo Mainframe Modernization Runtimes ImageIn addition to Oracle Tuxedo Enterprise, the Oracle Tuxedo Mainframe Modernization subscription enables you to use at least one Tuxedo Mainframe Modernization Runtimes. Oracle Tuxedo Mainframe Modernization Runtimes include the following add-ons:•Oracle® Tuxedo Application Runtime for CICS•Oracle® Tuxedo Application Runtime for Batch•Oracle® Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS•Oracle® Tuxedo Application Rehosting Test ManagerShapes for Oracle Tuxedo for OCI imagesYou can use any of the following compute shapes to create an instance with Oracle Tuxedo for OCI images:Standard- VM.Standard1.1, VM.Standard1.16, VM.Standard1.2, VM.Standard1.4, VM.Standard1.8,VM.Standard2.1, VM.Standard2.16, VM.Standard2.2,VM.Standard2.24, VM.Standard2.4,VM.Standard2.8, VM.Standard.B1.1, VM.Standard.B1.16,VM.Standard.B1.2, VM.Standard.B1.4,VM.Standard.B1.8, VM.Standard.E2.1, VM.Standard.E2.2,VM.Standard.E2.4, VM.Standard.E2.8FlexibleVM.Standard3.Flex (OCPU Constraint: 1 - 32, Memory Constraint: 1GBs - 512GBs) ,VM.Standard.E3.Flex (OCPU Constraint: 1 - 64, Memory Constraint: 1GBs - 1024GBs) ,VM.Standard.E4.Flex (OCPU Constraint: 1 - 64, Memory Constraint: 1GBs - 1024GBs)OptimizedVM.Optimized3.Flex (OCPU Constraint: 1 - 18, Memory Constraint: 1GBs - 256GBs)DenseVM.DenseIO2.16, VM.DenseIO2.24, VM.DenseIO2.81.2 Software RequirementsTable 1-2 Software Requirements for Tuxedo 22cComponent RequirementCOBOL CompilerMicro Focus Visual COBOL v6.0 or laterJava 2 JRE for the Java run-time environment T ested with JRE 1.8.0_341, 11.0.15.1, and 17.0.4and OpenJDK 17Java 2 Software Development Kit (SDK) for the Java development environment T ested with JDK 1.8.0_341, 11.0.15.1, and 17.0.4and OpenJDK 17Database for CORBA C++ applicationsT ested with Oracle Client 12cFor more additional information, please refer to Oracle Tuxedo Installation Guide .Table 1-3 Software Requirements for Tuxedo Application RuntimesComponent Requirement COBOL Compiler•Micro Focus Visual COBOL v6.0 or later •COBOL-IT Enterprise Edition 3.x(3.9.16 or later)Database Oracle database 12c or later Shell kshperlperl 5.28 or above with moduleData::Dumper(perl-Data-Dumper) installedChapter 1Software RequirementsChapter 1Ongoing Maintenance and Patching Requirements1.3 Ongoing Maintenance and Patching RequirementsOracle strongly recommends that you download and apply the latest patch, andupgrade your Tuxedo release as and when required. By patching the softwareregularly, you can update any security vulnerabilities and include the latest bug fixes.2Create an InstanceLearn how to create an Oracle Tuxedo for OCI compute instance using Oracle Tuxedo forOCI images.Topics:•Use an Image•Create Compartment Policies•Create an Instance Using the Compute Instance Console•Create an Instance Using the Marketplace2.1 Use an ImageUtilizing the Oracle Tuxedo for OCI images, you can create Oracle Tuxedo domain nodes inthe Oracle Cloud Infrastructure compute instances, with the entitlement to use Tuxedosoftware. The Oracle Tuxedo for OCI images contain the following two directories:•/u01/oraHome: Tuxedo software is installed in this directory. It also includes other utilities such as Oracle JDK 1.8 and OPatch.•/u01/app/oraInventory: Tuxedo inventory information is stored in this directory. Data files, installation logs, and Oracle home information are stored in it.Follow these instructions to use the Oracle Tuxedo for OCI images:•When you create an instance using an image, you must specify an SSH key. You require this SSH key to access the instance and launch it.•You can connect to an instance using the SSH command as the opc user.•SSH Private key: The private key associated with the public key is used duringprovisioning. For example, $ssh -I <private_key> opc@< ip_address>•The user public key was provided during provisioning. Log in directly with the following command: $ssh opc@< ip_address>•When you have logged in as the OPC user, switch to the Oracle user by using thefollowing command: $sudo su oracle•Use the source command to load Tuxedo environment variables such as TUXDIR, and JAVA_HOME from the tux.env file, which is required to run Tuxedo.Chapter 2Create Compartment Policies –Run the following command to load the Tuxedo environment variable:source /u01/oraHome/tuxedo22.1.0.0.0/tux.env•By default, tlisten is not configured. Oracle TSAM plus and MP/clustered mode configuration require tlisten. Follow the instructions to set the tlisten password:–cd /u01/oraHome/tuxedo22.1.0.0.0/–. ./tux.env–tlistpwd $TUXDIR•Tuxedo supports TLS by default. It is optional to use LDAP. When using Oracle Wallet, LDAP is not required. A user is required to configure LDAP only if any ofthe following conditions are met.–The use of legacy security credentials–The local host must use a port other than 389 for LDAP–There is no LDAP server running on localhost•LDAP configuration: Use the epifregedt command to modify the registry.•Use the following 3 commands after initialization to modify the TLS LDAPinformation:1.epifregedt -s -k SYSTEM/impl/security/BEA/key_management -aParams=privateKeyDir=file:///$TUXDIR/udataobj/security/keys2.epifregedt -s -k SYSTEM/impl/security/BEA/certificate_validation -aParams=caCertificateFile=file:///$TUXDIR/udataobj/security/certs/trust_ca.cer -a Params=peerValidationRuleFile=file:///$TUXDIR/udataobj/security/certs/peer_val.rul3.epifregedt -s -k SYSTEM/impl/security/BEA/certificate_lookup -aParams=userCertificateLdap=ldap://*LDAP_SERVICE_NAME*:*LDAP_PORTID*-a Params=ldapBaseObject=*LDAP_BASE_OBJECT* -aParams=filterFileLocation=file:///*LDAP_FILTER_FILE_LOCATION*•On Unix, the Tuxedo registry is located at $TUXDIR/udataobj/System.rdp. Using the command epifregedt -g, you can print the current registry. The firstcommand modifies the key management object to specify a particular private keydirectory.•Please run the following command and instructions to reset the administratorpassword for Oracle® Tuxedo Application Rehosting Test Manager.–$ORA_HOME/art_tm12.2.2.0.0/config.sh•Following links (if any) for creating a Tuxedo Domain: Using the Tuxedo Domains Component.2.2 Create Compartment PoliciesYou must be granted management access to Marketplace applications and ResourceManager if you are not an Oracle Cloud Infrastructure administrator. Oracle Tuxedo forOCI images allows you to create compute instances.The following are sample policies:Allow groupMyGroup to use app-catalog-listing in compartment MyCompartmentAllow groupMyGroup to manage instance-family in compartment MyCompartmentAllow groupMyGroup to manage orm-family in compartment MyCompartmentAllow group MyGroup to manage virtual-network-family in compartment MyNetworkCompartment2.3 Create an Instance Using the Compute Instance ConsoleThe compute instance console enables you to create a new instance using Oracle Tuxedo for OCI images.Follow the instructions to create an instance:1.Sign in to the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure console.2.Click Navigation from the menu, select Compute and under the Compute group, click Instances .3.Click Create Instance .If required, you can modify the name of the instance.4.Select the compartment in which to create the instance.5.Under Placement , select the Availability Domain for creating the instance. Click Show advanced options .6.Under Image and Shape , click Change Image and follow the instructions:a.From the Image source drop-down, select Marketplace , and you can either use Search or select one of the following Oracle Tuxedo for OCI images:•Oracle Tuxedo BYOL Image•Oracle Tuxedo Enterprise BYOL Image •Oracle Tuxedo UCM Image•Oracle Tuxedo Enterprise UCM Image•Oracle Tuxedo Mainframe Modernization Runtimes BYOL Image •Oracle Tuxedo Mainframe Modernization Runtimes UCM Imageb.For the selected image, click Arrow on the right, and then select the image build version for the BYOL or UCM images. For example, Oracle Linux 8.6 (labeled as <release >-ol8.6-<build >-<timestamp >)Chapter 2Create an Instance Using the Compute Instance Consolec.Review the terms and conditions and select the Oracle Terms of Use check box and click Select Image .7.Under Image and Shape , click Change Shape . Select the Instance Type andselect the shape.While creating a virtual machine, under Shape series , select a processor group,and then select a shape. To know the supported shapes, see Shapes for the images .8.Configure the network for the instance. Click Show advanced options to specify advanced network settings.9.Under Add SSH keys , generate a key, upload your public key, or paste the keys.10.Under Boot Volume , specify the size and encryption options for the instance's boot volume.11.Click Show advanced options to configure advanced settings.12.Click Create .For more details, see Creating a Linux instance in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure documentation .2.4 Create an Instance Using the MarketplaceBy using the Oracle Tuxedo for OCI images available on the Marketplace, you can create a new instance.Follow the instructions to create an instance using the Marketplace:1.Sign in to the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure console.2.Click the navigation menu, select Marketplace , and then click All Applications .3.Select one of the following Oracle Tuxedo for OCI images (BYOL or UCM) :•Oracle Tuxedo BYOL Image •Oracle Tuxedo Enterprise BYOL Image •Oracle Tuxedo UCM Image •Oracle Tuxedo Enterprise UCM Image •Oracle Tuxedo Mainframe Modernization Runtimes BYOL Image •Oracle Tuxedo Mainframe Modernization Runtimes UCM Image4.From the Version drop down, select the image build version.Every image is built for a specific operating system, which may not support all operating systems.•Oracle Linux 8.6 (labeled as <release >-ol8.6-<build >-<timestamp >)5.Review the terms and conditions and select the Oracle Terms of Use check box.6.Click Launch Instance .7.Select the compartment in which you want to create the instance.8.Under Placement , select the Availability Domain for creating an Instance.Click Show advanced options to specify capacity type and fault domain.9.Under Image and Shape , click Change Shape . Select the Instance Type andselect the shape.Chapter 2Create an Instance Using the Marketplace2-4While creating a virtual machine, under Shape series , select a processor group, and then select a shape. To know the supported shapes, see Shapes for the images .10.Configure the network for the instance and click Show advanced options to specifyadvanced network settings.11.Under Add SSH keys , generate a key, upload your public key, or paste the keys.12.Under Boot Volume , specify the size and encryption options for the instance's bootvolume.13.Click Show advanced options to configure advanced settings.14.Click Create .For more details, see Creating a Linux instance in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure documentation .Chapter 2Create an Instance Using the Marketplace2-5。

中间件的历史与发展1. 由来中间件在实际的应用过程中，是对应用软件起到支撑作用，最终用户并不直接使用中间件，中间件不是大众消费类软件产品。

因此，除非是一个行业专业人士，一般不大可能与中间件打交道，不太了解什么是中间件。

因此，在系统软件之中，操作系统、数据库、中间件的三驾马车，中间件是最神秘的。

因为，好歹大家通过Windows基本上会了解操作系统是个什么东西，尽管不会很全面，很专业，毕竟是有感觉的。

数据库，虽然没有直接见过，但基本上明白数据是要一个仓库来储存的，因此，也大致知道数据库管理系统是干什么的。

长期以来，中间件是一个专业化非常强的细分产业。

因为中间件的技术门槛比较高，玩家也不多，无论是国外还是国内都是如此。

因此，行业内对什么是中间件并不特别在意。

而公司名称直接叫中间件的就更少了，另一方面，因为中间件软件还处于发展阶段，还没有完全成熟，因此对中间件的定义也就没有深究，或者权威的说法。

但现在情况有点变化，其中一个原因在于2008年底，国家启动了核高基重大科技专项，在基础软件领域明确提出重点支持操作系统、数据库、中间件、文字处理等基础软件产业的自主创新，几乎一夜之间大大小小的软件公司都宣称是做中间件的了，只要不是做最终应用软件的，他们的产品都叫中间件了，一时间，中间件变得蓬勃发展起来了。

作为中间件行业内的专业化和领先企业来说，大家都重视起中间件来了，这是好事，说明社会上重视了。

对行业的发展和繁荣固然重要，但这也隐含了重大的风险。

中间件名字被滥用，无论是对用户，对这个产业，对政府和投资人来说，都会有负面的影响。

鱼目混珠，泥沙俱下的局面，对中间件产业的正常发展未必就是好事情了，也可能对真正的中间件自主创新带来许多困扰，模糊了中间件的本质，可能会弱化中间件核心技术的创新和发展。

因此，在这种情况下，无论是对行业内，还是行业外，突然什么是中间件的问题变成了一个大问题了。

本文试图就中间件的来龙去脉，外延内涵和前世今生，来一个全面的阐释。

订单履行系统目标与集成策略［摘要］高效实施订单履行流程(Order Fulfillment Process, OFP)是提升企业竞争力的有效手段。

本文首先从供应链管理意义上界定OFP范畴，分析并建立了基于客户角度对OFP的期望和基于企业角度的OFP功能需求，指出仅通过单项企业管理系统难以单独实现OFP。

随后，提出高效实施OFP的订单履行系统必须实现的4个目标：平台开放性、订单快速响应性、订单可视性和计划鲁棒性。

最后，针对订单履行系统4个目标探讨集成方案与实现的关键技术，为企业部署订单履行系统提供借鉴。

［关键词］供应链管理；订单履行流程；订单履行系统；过程集成；系统集成1 订单履行流程范畴订单履行流程（Order Fulfillment Process，OFP）是一种供应链活动，全球供应链论坛（The Global Supply Chain Forum，GSCF）将OFP列为供应链管理的8个关键业务流程之一。

通常意义上OFP是指根据客户订单供应产品，实际上这仅是OFP的一部分功能，OFP包括响应客户和按照客户需求进行产能配置的所有流程活动［1］。

对客户而言，OFP通过反馈信息（回答客户询价、产品配置与交货期要求）和提供产品／服务使客户需求最终得到满足；对企业而言，OFP 则按照需求进行产能有效配置，进而实现企业增值。

按照先进制造协会（Advanced Manufacturing Research，AMR）观点，OFP 分为订单获得、订单确认、产品生产／采购、配送及应收账款处理等5个执行阶段。

这一分法实际上是基于企业角度，在分析OFP功能方面，本文将沿用这一分法。

同时，因为供应链上的所有流程和活动都应以满足客户需求为目标，本文以客户为导向，将OFP分为以下4个阶段：（1）查询阶段：对于客户的采购查询，企业必须能够快速响应交期、价格、产品型号与功能等相关信息。

（2）下单阶段：在客户订单的处理过程中（包含订单获得与订单确认），企业必须为顾客提供一个便捷高效的下单环境及精确的产品配送计划。

ORACLE TUXEDO特性z 分布式事务处理 z 可扩展的集成基础架构 z 高级安全性 z 高度可扩展性 z XA 两阶段提交 z 重复的服务框架 z 强大的故障管理 z 集群支持 z 性能指标监视 z ATMIz MQ 系列适配器 z 数据收集和报告 z 依靠数据的路由 z应用程序并行化优势z优化事务并确保跨所有资源的数据完整性，而不考虑访问协议。

z自动跟踪事务参与者并确保所有资源正确更新。

z同时在不同的分布式节点上处理多个事务。

z通过消除单点故障，在计划的和非计划的停机时间内使应用程序保持运行。

z灵活处理或延迟事务，允许分布式应用程序异步工作。

z动态复制整个网络的分布式应用程序，以使性能和可靠性最大化。

主要特性和优势在成千上万的部署提供可靠性能的第三个十年，Oracle Tuxedo 成为世界上最受关注的高端计算平台之一。

它将多年来所形成的令人放心的可靠性、性能和成熟度与最新的面向服务的体系结构 (SOA) 标准和技术相结合，使您的关键任务流程在您的环境中成为一流参与者。

不论您是要实现现有的 C 或 C ++ 应用程序的现代化、重新托管大型机 COBOL 应用程序，还是要根据极限处理事务需求构建新的 SOA 服务，Oracle Tuxedo 都是可靠的选择。

用于高吞吐量以及关键任务应用程序的引擎在当今的信息技术 (IT) 整合、全球范围内使用以及可持续利用的环境中，企业需要能够提供以下功能的企业应用服务器z支持在亚秒响应时间内每秒成千上万的事务处理，随负载变化的线性和动态扩展z提供基于标准的大型机、应用程序到事务管理器接口 (Application-to-Transaction Manager Interface, ATMI)、公共对象请求代理体系结构 (CORBA) 以及 Web 服务的互操作性，以便于集成和更快地推向市场 z通过透明、双向的 SOA 集成来实现 COBOL 、C 和 C++ 应用程序的现代化z通过提供支持已迁移大型机应用程序的平台，帮助客户降低维护关键任务企业系统的成本z可在多种平台上运行，从经济性台式机到最大、最强的数据中心Oracle Tuxedo 通过强大的可靠性和事务完整性、超高性能、线性扩展性以及基于配置的部署，为应用程序服务提供坚实的基础。

作者简介：李敬民（１９７８￣），男，广东新会人，硕士，五邑大学信息学院助教，研究方向为软件工程、数据库系统。

Ｔｕｘｅｄｏ中间件在电信综合业务支撑系统中的应用李敬民（五邑大学信息学院，广东江门５２９０００）摘要：以交易中间件为框架基础的三层体系结构已被广泛应用在分布式系统中。

介绍了Ｔｕｘｅｄｏ中间件的组成与设计方法，结合实例描述了Ｔｕｘｅｄｏ中间件在电信综合业务支撑系统中的应用。

关键词：Ｔｕｘｅｄｏ；中间件；三层体系结构；综合业务支撑系统中图分类号：ＴＰ３９３．０９文献标识码：Ａ文章编号：１６７２－７８００（２００８）０６－００４５－０３０引言当前大型数据库应用系统大多采用三层体系结构，实现三层结构系统的关键技术就是中间件技术。

Ｔｕｘｅｄｏ是美国ＢＥＡ公司的一种事务处理（交易）中间件产品，在电信、金融、邮政、证券、政府、航空等部门的大规模事务处理领域中有广泛的应用。

它提供了一个开放的环境，支持各种各样的客户、数据库、网络、遗留系统和通讯方式，能够在Ｃ／Ｓ环境下整合各种异构平台，通过联机事务处理，保证交易的完整性和数据的一致性。

目前电信行业中的应用系统大多基于Ｔｕｘｅｄｏ中间件开发，例如综合业务支撑系统、计费系统、帐务系统、客户服务系统等。

其中，综合业务支撑系统（ＩＢＳＳ－ＩｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄＢｕｓｉｎｅｓｓＳｕｐｐｏｒｔＳｙｓｔｅｍ）是电信运营商进行市场竞争的核心支撑系统，地位非常重要。

它既是分布式应用系统，也是联机处理系统。

ＩＢＳＳ需要大量并发进程，处理并发涉及到操作系统、编程语言、数据通讯、数据库系统、系统管理及应用软件，相当复杂，所以需要使用Ｔｕｘｅｄｏ构建三层体系结构来简化它。

１Ｔｕｘｅｄｏ中间件１．１Ｔｕｘｅｄｏ概述Ｔｕｘｅｄｏ中间件是在企业、Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ这样的分布式运算环境中开发和管理三层结构的客户／服务器型关键任务应用系统的强有力工具。

它具备分布式事务处理和应用通信功能，并提供完善的各种服务来建立、运行和管理关键任务应用系统。