2015年12月英语四级真题试题3.doc

2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题及解析(卷二) Part I Writing1.【题干】Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission." You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening ComprehensionPartⅢReading ComprehensionSection AScholars of the information society are divided over whether social inequality decreases or increases in an information-based society. However, they generally agree with the idea that inequality in the information society is_____(37)different from that of an industrial society. As informatization progress in society, the cause and structural nature of social inequality changes as well.It seems that the information society_____(38)the quantity of information available to the members of a society by revolutionizing the ways of using and exchanging information. But such a view as a_____(39)analysis based on the quantity of information supplied by various forms of the mass media. A different_____(40)is possible when the actual amount of information_____(41)by the user is taken into account. In fact, the more information_____(42)throughout the entire society, the wider the gap becomes between "information haves" and "information have-nots," leading to digital divide.According to recent studies, digital divide has been caused by three major_____(43): class, sex, and generation. In terms of class, digital divide exists among different types of workers and between the upper and middle classes and the lower class. With_____(44)to sex, digital divide exists between men and women. The greatest gap, however, is between the Net-generation, _____(45)with personal computers and the Internet, and the older generation,_____(46)to an industrial society.37.【题干】_____【选项】A.accustomed习惯的通常的B.acquired 取得C.assembly 集合D.attribute 把…归于E.champions 冠军F.elements 原理，元素G.expands 扩大H.familiar 熟悉的I.flows 流动J.fundamentally 从根本上地K.interpretation 解释L.passive 被动的M.regard 把..看作，与…有关N.respectively 分别地O.superficial 表面的，肤浅的【答案】J38.【答案】G39.【答案】O40.【答案】K 41. 【答案】B 42.I 43.F 44.M 45.A 46.DSection BJoy：A Subject Schools LackBecoming educated should not require giving up pleasureA)When Jonathan Swift proposed, in 1729, that the people of Ireland eat their children, he insisted it would solve three problems at once: feed the hungry masses, reduce the population during a severe depression, and stimulate the restaurant business. Evan as a satire(讽刺), it seems disgusting and shocking in America with its child-centered culture. But actually, the country is closer to his proposal than you might think.B)If you spend much time with educators and policy makers, you'll hear a lot of the following words: "standards,""results,""skills,""self-control,""accountability," and so on. I have visited some of the newer supposedly "effective" schools, where children shout slogans in order to learn self-control or must stand behind their desk when they can't sit still.C)A look at what goes on in most classrooms these days makes it abundantly clear that when people think about education, they are not thinking about what it feels like to be a child, or what makes childhood an important and valuable stage of life in its own right.D)I'm a mother of three, a teacher, and a developmental psychologist. So I've watched a lot of children-talking, playing, arguing, eating, studying, and being young. Here's what I've come to understand. The thing that sets children apart from adults is not their ignorance, nor their lack of skills. It's their enormous capacity for joy. Think of a 3-year-old lost in the pleasures of finding out what he can and cannot sink in the bathtub, a 5-year-old beside herself with the thrill of putting together strings of nonsensical words with her best friends, or an 11-year-old completely absorbed in a fascinating comic strip. A child's ability to become deeply absorbed in something, and derive intense pleasure from that absorption, is something adults spend the rest of their lives trying to return to.E)A friend told me the following story. One day, when he went to get his 7-year-old son from soccer practice, his kid greeted him with a downcast face and a sad voice. The coach had criticized him for focusing on his soccer drills. The little boy walked out of the school with his head and shoulders hanging down. He seemed wrapped in sadness. But just before he reached the car door, he suddenly stopped, crouching(蹲伏)down to peer at something on the sidewalk.His face went down lower and lower, and then, with complete joy he called out," Dad. Come here. This is the strangest bug I've ever seen. It has, like a million legs. Look at this. It's amazing." He looked up at his father, his features overflowing with energy and delight. "Can't we stay here for just a minute? I want to find out what he does with all those legs. This is the coolest ever."F)The traditional view of such moments is that they constitute a charming but irrelevant byproduct of youth-something to be pushed aside to make room for more important qualities, like perseverance(坚持不懈), obligation, and practicality. Yet moments like this one are just the kind of intense absorption and pleasure adults spend the rest of their lives seeking. Human lives are governed by the desire to experience joy. Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead to finding joy in new kinds of things: reading novels instead to playing with small figures, conducting experiments instead of sinking cups in the bathtub, and debating serious issues rather than stringing together nonsense words, for example. In some cases, schools should help children find new, more grown-up ways of doing the same things that are constant sources of joy: making art, making friends, making decisions.G)Building on a child's ability to joy, rather than pushing it aside, wouldn't be that hard. It would just require a shift in the education word's mindset(思维模式). Instead of trying to get children to work hard, why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful, productive activity, like making things, working with others, exploring ideas, and solving problems? These focuses are not so different from the things in which they delight.H)Before you brush this argument aside as rubbish, or think of joy as an unaffordable luxury in a nation where there is awful poverty, low academic achievement, and high dropout rates, think again. The more horrible the school circumstances, the more important pleasure is to achieving any educational success.I)Many of the assignments and rules teachers come up with, often because they are pressured by their administrators, treat pleasure and joy as the enemies of competence and responsibility. The assumption is that children shouldn't chat in the classroom because it hinders hard work; instead, they should learn to delay gratification(快乐)so that can pursue abstract goals, like going to college.J)Not only is this a boring and awful way to treat children, it makes no sense educationally, Decades of research have shown that in order to acquire skills and real knowledge in school, kids need to want to learn. You can force a child to stay in his or her seat, fill out a worksheet, or practice division. But you can't force the child to think carefully, enjoy books, digest complex information, or develop a taste for learning. To make that happen, you have to help the child find pleasure in learning-to see school as a source of joy.K)Adults tend to talk about learning as if it were medicine: unpleasant, but necessary and good for you. Why not instead think of learning as if it were food-something so valuable to humans that they have evolved to experience it as a pleasure?L)Joy should not be trained out of children or left for after-school programs. The more difficult a child's life circumstances, the more important it is for that child to find joy in his or her classroom. "Pleasure" is not a dirty word. And it doesn't run counter to the goals of public education. It is, in fact, the precondition.47.【题干】It will not be difficult to make learning a source of joy if educators change their way of thinking.【答案】G【解析】Building on a child's ability to joy, rather than pushing it aside, wouldn't be that hard. It would just require a shift in the education word's mindset(思维模式).48.【题干】What distinguishes children from adults is their strong ability to derive joy from what they are doing.【答案】D【解析】The thing that sets children apart from adults is not their ignorance, nor their lack of skills. It's their enormous capacity for joy49.【题干】Children in America are being treated with shocking cruelty.【答案】A50.【题干】It is human nature to seek joy in life.【答案】F【解析】Human lives are governed by the desire to experience joy.51.【题干】Grown-ups are likely to think that learning to children is what medicine is to patients.【答案】K【解析】Adults tend to talk about learning as if it were medicine: unpleasant, but necessary and good for you.52.【题干】Bad school conditions make it all the more important to turn learning into a joyful experience.【答案】L【解析】The more difficult a child's life circumstances, the more important it is for that child to find joy in his or her classroom.53.【题干】Adults do not consider children's feelings when it comes to education.【答案】C【解析】A look at what goes on in most classrooms these days makes it abundantly clear that when people think about education, they are not thinking about what it feels like to be a child, or what makes childhood an important and valuable stage of life in its own right.54.【题干】Administrators seem to believe that only hard work will lead children to their educational goals.【答案】I【解析】Many of the assignments and rules teachers come up with, often because they are pressured by their administrators, treat pleasure and joy as the enemies of competence and responsibility.55.【题干】In the so-called "effective" schools, children are taught self-control under a set ofstrict rules.【答案】B【解析】I have visited some of the newer supposedly "effective" schools, where children shout slogans in order to learn self-control or must stand behind their desk when they can't sit still.56.【题干】To make learning effective, educators have to ensure that children want to learn.【答案】J【解析】You can force a child to stay in his or her seat, fill out a worksheet, or practice division. But you can't force the child to think carefully, enjoy books, digest complex information, or develop a taste for learning. To make that happen, you have to help the child find pleasure in learning-to see school as a source of joy.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.When it's five o'clock, people leave their office. The length of the workday, for many workers, is defined by time. They leave when the clock tells them they're done.These days, the time is everywhere: not just on clocks or watches, but on cell-phones and computers. That may be a bad thing, particularly at work. New research shows that clock-based word schedules hinder morale(士气)and creativity.Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours. For example: a meeting from 9 a.m. to 10 a.m., research from 10 a.m. to noon, etc. On the other hand, task-timers have a list of things they want to accomplish. They work down the list, each task starts when the previous task is completed. It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.What, then, are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us more productive? Better at the tasks at hand? Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier, they had participants organize different activities-from project planning, holiday shopping, to yoga-by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under "clock time" vs "task time". They found clock timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives. Task timers are happier and more creative, but less productive. They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening, and seize opportunities that come up.The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in the business culture. Smart companies, they believe, will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office, but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy: work organized by clock time. While most people will still probably need, and be, to some extent, clock-timers, task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity. It'll make those tasks easier, and the task-doers will be happier.57.【题干】What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?【选项】A.It makes everybody time-conscious.B.It is a convenience for work and life.C.It may have a negative effect on creative work.D.It clearly indicates the fast pace of modern life.【答案】C【解析】2 New research shows that clock-based word schedules hinder morale(士气)and creativity.58.【题干】How do people usually go about their work according to the author?【选项】A.They combine clock-based and task-based planning.B.They give priority to the most urgent task on hand.C.They set a time limit for each specific task.D.They accomplish their tasks one by one.【答案】A【解析】3 They work down the list, each task starts when the previous task is completed. It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning. It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.59.【题干】What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments about clock-timers?【选项】A.They seize opportunities as they come up.B.They always get their work done in time.C.They have more control over their lives.D.They tend to be more productive.【答案】D【解析】They found clock timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives. Task timers are happier and more creative, but less productive.60.【题干】What do the researchers say about today's business culture?【选项】A.It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.B.It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice.C.It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on workers' lives.D.It aims to bring employees' potential and creativity into full play.【答案】B【解析】The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in the business culture.61.【题干】What do the researchers suggest?【选项】A.Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work.B.It is important to keep a balance between work and life.C.Performing creative jobs tends to make workers happier.D.A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.【答案】D【解析】最后段the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy: work organized by clock time. While most people will still probably need, and be, to some extent, clock-timers, task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity. It'll make those tasks easier, and the task-doers will be happier.Passage TwoQuestion 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Martha Stewart was charged, tried and convicted of a crime in 2004. As she neared the end of her prison sentence, a well-known columnist wrote that she was "paying her dues," and that "there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew."Surely, the American ideal of second chances should not be reserved only for the rich and powerful. Unfortunately, many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on a shockingly large number of Americans, who are prevented form ever fully paying their debt to society.At least 65 million people in the United States have a criminal record. This can result in severe penalties that continue long after punishment is completed.Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person's individual circumstances. Laws can restrict or ban voting, access to public housing, and professional and business licensing. They can affect a person's ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.In all, more than 45,000 laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fully participating in American life.Some laws make sense. No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia(恋童癖)work in a school. But too often collateral(附随的)consequences bear no relation to public safety. Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse?These laws are also counterproductive, since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or land a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding.A recent report makes several recommendations, including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties, except for those specifically needed to protect public safety. Where the penalties are not a must, they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.The point is not to excuse or forget the crime. Rather, it is to recognize that in America's vast criminal justice system, second chances are crucial. It is in no one's interest to keep a large segment of the population on the margins of society.62.【题干】What does the well-known columnist's remark about Martha Stewart suggest?【选项】A.Her past record might stand in her way to a new life.B.Her business went bankrupt while she was in prison.C.Her release from prison has drawn little attention.D.Her prison sentence might have been extended.【解析】第一段a well-known columnist wrote that she was "paying her dues," and that "there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew."63.【题干】What do we learn from the second paragraph about many criminals in America?【选项】A.They backslide after serving their terms in prison.B.They are deprived of all social benefits.C.They receive severe penalties for committing minor offenses.D.They are convicted regardless of their individual circumstances.【答案】B【解析】第二段Unfortunately, many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on a shockingly large number of Americans, who are prevented form ever fully paying their debt to society.64.【题干】What are the consequences for many Americans with a criminal record?【选项】A.They remain poor for the rest of their lives.B.They are deprived of all social benefits.C.They are marginalized in society.D.They are deserted by their family.【答案】C【解析】第四段Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person's individual circumstances. Laws can restrict or ban voting, access to public housing, and professional and business licensing. They can affect a person's ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.65.【题干】What does the author think of the post-conviction laws and rules?【选项】A.They help to maintain social stability.B.Some of them have long been outdated.C.They are hardly understood by the public.D.A lot of them have negative effects on society.【答案】D【解析】倒数第二段These laws are also counterproductive, since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or land a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding.66.【题干】What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?【选项】A.To create opportunities for criminals to reform themselves.B.To appeal for changes in America's criminal justice system.C.To ensure that people with a criminal record live a decent life.D.To call people's attention to prisoner's conditions in America.【解析】呼吁美国司法体系的改革。

2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题（word版）附答案（6）The growing diversity of family life comes with new possibilities as well as new challenges. According to a recent poll, more than 80 percent of Americans believe that their current family is as close as the one in which they grew up, or closer. Finding ways to imaginary golden age.61、What do we learn about American autoworkers in 1950?A.They had less job security than they do today.B.It was not too difficult for them to buy a house.C.Their earnings were worth twice as much as today.D.They were better off than workers in other industries.62、What does the author about retired people today?A.They invariably long to return to the golden past.B.They do not depend so much on social welfare.C.They feel more secure economically than in the past.D.They are usually unwilling to live with their children.63、Why couldn’t black workers buy a house in a whitc suburban neighborhood ?A.They lacked the means of transportation.B.They were subjected to racial inequality.C.They were afraid to break the law.D.They were too poor to afford it.64、What is the result of no-fault divorce ?A.Divorce is easier to obtain.B.Domestic violence is lessened.C.It causes little pain to either side.D.It contributes to social unrest.65 、What does the author suggest society do?A.Get prepared to face any new challenges.B.Try to better the current social security.C.Narrow the gap between blacks and whites.D.Improve the lives of families with problemsPart IV TranslationDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.翻译题一：大熊猫是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。

2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)Part Ⅰ Writing ( 30 minutes)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying”Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to make things happen.” You can citexamples to illust rate the importance of being participants rather than mere onlookers inlife.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words。

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension ( 30 minutes)听力音频地址：/attached/media/20160426/20160426161254_0664.mp3Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。

1 A. Children should be taught to be more careful。

B。

Children shouldn’t drink so much orange juice.C。

There is no need for the man to make such a fuss。

D. Timmy should learn to do things in the right way。

2. A. Fitness training.B. The new job offer。

C。

Computer programming。

D。

Directorship of the club。

2015年12月四级英语考试真题与答案解析作文（一）周思远题目：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Learning is a daily experience and a lifelong mission。

”You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning。

You should write at least 120 words，no more than 180 words。

参考范文：Currently in this constantly changing world，learning becomes a seemingly convenient but actually more complex matter。

As an old saying goes，”Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission”。

Apparently，the meaning of this saying is that if we truly desire to learn something，we are supposed to devote our life to it。

There are several reasons accounting for this viewpoint。

For one thing，learning itself is an actually complicated and painful matter，and as a result，it is advisable for us to commit much more time even our whole life to it。

写作第一版：For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission." You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning“. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.解题思路:第一段: 解释引言内容. 提出文章的主旨 : “学习的重要性”第二段: 分析原因此处可以结合例子.第三段: 得出结论参考范文:Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission. This is a proverb full of logic. In other words, learning is significant in our whole life. Indeed, we can learn many things from it. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you’ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.There are many reasons which can explain this phenomenon and the following are the typical ones. The first reason is that learning can light our road in the coming future. There is no denying the fact that the society is developing increasingly fast and we are often easily surpassed by the people around. The only way to avoid this is to learn to improve ourselves. As an illustration, I’d like to take myself as an example. After graduation from college, my life has been full of working pressure, which contributes to my decision of pursuing further education. That’s why I can make my own way in such a competitive society.The effect of learning can be boiled down to two major ones. First, with the spirit of learning, we are more capable of overcoming the difficulties in the future. More importantly, we can enrich our spare time life by learning. No matter who you are, you must remember that learning is the basic skill in our life.写作第二版：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Listening is more important than talking." You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of paying attention to others' opinions. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.解题思路:第一段: 解释引言内容. 提出文章的主旨 : “倾听重要性”第二段: 分析原因此处可以结合例子.第三段: 得出结论“Listening is more important than talking.”This proverb means that listening is something worthwhile to consider when we have communication with others. People often focus on their speaking ability, believing that good speaking equals good communication. There is some truth in this statement, but people who hold this opinion ignore a more important fact. God gave people two ears and one mouth, so it requires us to keep the ratios of listening and speaking by two to one. The ability to speak well is a necessary component to successful communication. The capability of listening is as important as speaking in that listening is the best respect forpeople around us. Listen attentively when others are speaking. It is the best and the most effective compliment that you can give them.To conclude, Listening can prevent interruption or formulate a response even before other speakers have finished. Good listeners are often some of the best speakers who can improve the quality of the communication. So listeners should interact with speakers, and respond promptly.写作第三版：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to make things happen.” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of being participants rather than mere onlookers in life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.解题思路:第一段: 解释引言内容. 提出文章的主旨 : “实践重要性”第二段: 分析原因此处可以结合例子.第三段: 得出结论There is an old saying “Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to make things happen”. It’s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.Only when you participate more can you make things perfect. Participation has been more and more important in the society. Students are asked to enter society and get some ideas of it. Surely participation has many advantages. Firstly, it can offer students a chance to contact society and meet different kinds of people. In this way people can gain some valuable social experience, which will be useful to their future life. Secondly, as college students, we can apply what they have learned in class to practical work, thus knowing themselves more clearly. Take the study of oral English for example, participation in any chances of communications with others in English, which enables us to become fluent in speaking.In summary, participation is the key factor in our daily life no matter who you are, no matter what you are doing. We should put their studies in the first place and see participation just as a useful supplement, so they ought to try to strike a balance between them.听力原文2015年12月四级听力原文第一版Part 1 短对话Question 1- M: Do you remember the wonderful film on space exploration we watched together last month?-W: Sure. It’s actually the most impressive one I’ve seen on that topic.Q:What do we learn about the speakers?* 1.B. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.Question 2- W: Are you looking for anything in particular?- M: Yes. My son is graduating from high school, and I want to get him something special.Q:Where does the conversation most probably take place?* 2.A. At a gift shop.Question 3- M: Mike told me yesterday that he had been looking in vain for a job in the art gallery.-W: Really? If I remember right, he had a chance to work there, but he turned it down.Q:What does the woman say about Mike?* 3.C. He declined a job offer from the art gallery.Question 4- W: Would you like to come to Susan’s birthday party tomorrow evening? - M: I’m going to give a lecture tomorrow. I wish I could be in two places at the same time.Q:What does the man mean?4.D. He will be unable to attend the birthday party.Question 5- W: Aren’t you discouraged by the slow progress your staff is making? - M: Yes. I think I will give them a deadline and hold them to it.Q:What is the man probably going to do?5.B. Set a deadline for the staff to meet.Question 6- W: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the visitors’ parking is? I left my car there.- M: Sure. It’s in Lot C. Over that way.Q:What does the woman want to know?6.A. The way to the visitor’s parking.Question 7- W: You look great! Now that you’ve taken those fitness classes.- M: Thanks. I’ve never felt better in my life.Q:What does the man mean?7.D. He has benefited from exercise.Question 8- W: I really admire the efficiency of your secretaries.- M: Our company selects only the best. They have a heave workload and we give them a lot of responsibilities.Q:What are the speakers talking about?8.D. The secretaries in the man’s company.Part 2 长对话Conversion 1W: Hi Leo, why do you say English would become the world language?M: Well. For one thing, it’s so commonly used, the only language that is used by more people is Chinese.W: Why is English spoken by so many people?M: It’s spoken in many countries of the world because of the British empire. And now of course is the influence of America as well.W: Many students find English a difficult language to learn.M: Oh, all languages are difficult to learn. But English does have two greatest advantages.W: What are they?M: Well, first of all, it has a very international vocabulary. It has many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it. So speakers of those languages will find many familiar words in English. In fact, English has words for many other languages as well.W: Why is that?M: Well, partly because English speakers have travelled a lot, they bring back words with them. So English really does have an international vocabulary.W: And what is the other advantage of English?M: It that English grammar is really quite easy. For example, it doesn’t have dozens of different endings for its nouns, adjectives and verbs, not like Latin, Russian and German for example.W: Why is that?M: Well, it’s quite interesting actually, it’s because of the French. When the French ruled England, French was the official language, and only the common people spoke English. They tried to make their language as simple as possible. So they made the grammar easier.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.Q9: What does the man say about Chinese?Q10: What made English a widely used language?Q11: What is said to be special about English vocabulary?9.B. It is used by more people than English.10.C. The influence of the British Empire.11.It includes a lot of words from other languages.Conversation 2Man: Hello. Yes?Woman: Hello. Is that the sales department?M: Yes, it is.W:Oh, well. My name is Jane Kingsbury of GPF limited. We need some supplies for our design office.M: Oh, what sort?W:Well, first of all, we need one complete new drawing board.M: DO44 or DO45?W:Ah, I don’t know. What’s the difference?M: Well, the 45 costs 15 pounds more.W:So what’s the total price then?M:It’s 387 pounds.W:Dose that include valued-added tax?M: Oh, I’m not sure. Most of the prices do. Yes, I think it does.W:What are the boards actually made of?M: Oh, I don’t know. I think it's a sort of plastic stuff these days. It’s white anyway.W:And how long does it take to deliver?M: Oh, I couldn’t really say. It depends on how much work we’ve got and how many other orders there are to send out, you know.W:Ok, now we also want some drawing pens, ink and rulers, and some drawing paper. M: Oh dear. The girl who takes all those supplies isn’t here this morning. So I can’t take those orders for you. I only do the equipment you see.W:Ok, well, perhaps I’ll ring back tomorrow.M: So do you want the drawing board then?W:Oh, I have to think about it. Thanks very much. I’ll let you know. Good-bye. M: Thank you. Good-bye.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you just heard.Question 12: What is the woman’s purpose in making the phone call?Question 13: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?Question 14: What does the man say about delivery?Question 15: What does the woman say she will possibly do tomorrow?12.To place an order13.He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.14.It depends on a number of factors.15.Ring back when she comes to a decision.Part 3 短文短文 1No one knows for sure just how old kites are. In fact, they have been in use for centuries. 25 centuries ago, kites were well-known in China. These first kites were probably made of wood. They may even have been covered with silk, because silk were used a lot at that time. Early kites were built for certain uses. In ancient China, they will use to carry ropes to cross rivers. Once across, the ropes were tear down and wooden bridges would hang for them. Legend tells of one General who flew musical kites over the enemies’ camp. The enemy fled, believing the sounds to be the warming voices of angels. By the 15th century, many people flew kites in Europe. Marco Polo may have brought the kite back from his visit to China. The kite has been linked to great names and events. For instance, Benjamin Franklin used kite to prove the lightening electricity. He flew the kite in the storm. He did this in order to draw lightening from the clouds. He tied a metal key and a strip of silk to the kite line. The silk ribbon would stop the lightening from passing through his body. Benjamin’s idea was first laughed at. But later on, it enlightened the invention of the lightening rod. With such grand history, kite flying is short remain an entertaining and popular sport.Question 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 16: What does the speaker say about kite?Question 17: What did ancient Chinese use cats to do?Question 18: Why did BF flied a kite in the storm?16. No one knows for sure when they came into being.17.Carry ropes across river.18.To prove the lighting is electricity.短文2I have learnt many languages, but I’m not mastered them the way the professional interpreter or translator has. Still, they have open doors for me. They have allowed me the opportunity to seek jobs in international contexts and help me get those jobs. Like many people who have lived overseas for a while, I simply got crazy about it.I can’t image living my professional or social life without international interactions. Since 1977, I have spent much more time abroad than in the United States.I like going to new places, eating new foods and experiencing new cultures. If you can speak the language, it’s easier to get to know the country and its people. If I had the time and money. I would live for a year in as many countries as possible. Beyond my career, my facility with languages has given me a few rare opportunities. Once, just after I returned my year in Vienna. I was asked to translate for a German judge at Olympic level horse event and learned a lot about the sport.In Japan, once when I was in the studio audience of a TV cooking show, I was asked to go up on the stage and taste the beef dish that was being prepared and tell what I thought. They asked” Was it as good as American beef?” It was very exciting for me to be on Japanese TV, speaking in Japanese about how delicious the beef was.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.Question 19 What does the speaker say about herself?Question 20 What does the speaker say about many people who have lived overseas for a while?Question 21 How did the speaker experience of living in Vienna benefit her? Question 22 What was the speaker asked to do in the Japanese studio?19.She can speak several languages.20.They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21.She was able to translate for a German sports judge.短文3Dr. Ben Carsen grew up in a poor single parent house-hold in Detroit. His mother, who had only a 3rd grade education helds two jobs cleaning bathrooms. To his classmates and even to histeachers he was thought of as the dummest kid in his class. According to his own not so fond memories.He had a terrible temper, and once threatened to kill another child. Dr. Carsen was headed down part of seld distraction until a critical moment in his youth. His mother convinced that he had to do something dramatic preventing leading a life of failure laid down some rules. He could notwatch television except for two programs a week, could not play with his friends after schooluntil he finished his homework. And had to read two books a week, and write book reports about them. His mother’s strategy worked. “Of course, I didn’t know she couldn’t read. So there I wassubmitting these reports.” he said. She would put check marks on them like she had been reading them. As I began to read about scientists，economists and philosophers.I started imaging myself in their shoes. As he got into the hobbit of hard work, his grade began to soar. Ultimately he received a scholarship to attending Yale University, and later he was admitted to the University of Michigan Medical School. He is now a leading surgeon at Johns Hopkins Medical School and he is also the author of the three books.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.Q23 What do we learn about Ben Carsen ?Q24 What did Ben Caren’s classmates and teachers think of him whenhe was first at school?Q25 What did Ben Carsen’s mother tell him to do when he was a school boy?22.Taste the beef and give her comment.23.He grew up in a poor single parent household.24.Stupid25.Write two book reports a week.Part 4 听写题When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? There are other 26heavenly bodies out there besides the moon and stars. One of the most 27fascinating of this is a comet. Comets were formed around the same the earth was formed. They are 28made up of ice and other frozen liquids and gasses. 29Now and then these dirty snow balls begin to orbit the sun just as the planets do. As a comet gets closer to the sun. Some gasses in it begin to unfreeze. They 30combine with dust particles from the comet to form a huge cloud. As the comet gets even nearer to the sun and solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet thus forming its tail. The tail and 31generally fuzzy atmosphere around the comet are 32characteristics that can help identify this 33phenomenon in the night sky. In any given year, about dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits. The average person can’t see them all of course. Usually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seen with the 34naked eye. Comet Hale-Bopp discovered in 1995 was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit bought 35relatively to the earth within 122 million miles of it. But Hale-Bopp came a longway on its earthly visit. It won’t be back for another 4 thousand years or so.26.heavenly27. Fascinating28made up of29.Now and thenbine with31.generally32.Characteristics33.phenomenon34. naked35 .relatively阅读部分第一版36. N) saw37. F) decades38. H) globally39. D) chances40. J) occurs41. A) additional42. B) associated43. G) experiences44. M) reduce45. K) populationsHow to Eat Well46. Cooking benefits people in many ways and enables them to connect with one another. 答案：D Shouldn’t preparing—and consuming—food be a source of comfort, pride, health, well-being, relaxation, sociability?…47. Abundant information about cooking is available either online or on TV.答案：B It’s not because fresh ingredients are hard to come by…48. Young people do less cooking at home than the elderly these days.答案：F． Perhaps a return to real cooking needn’t be far off…49. Cooking skills can be improved with practice.答案：O. You don’t have to hit the grocery store daily, nor do you need an abundance of skill…50. In the mid-20th century, most families ate dinner at home instead of eating out.答案：G. Back in the 1950s most of us grew up in households where Mom cooked virtually every night…51. Even those short of time or money should be encouraged to cook for themselves and their family答案：E. When I talk about cooking, I’m not talking about creating elaborate dinner parties or three-day science projects.…52. Eating food not cooked by ourselves can cause serious consequences.答案：J. There have been half-hearted but well-publicized efforts by some food companies to reduce calories in their processed food, but….53. To eat well and still save money, people should buy fresh food and cook it themselves.答案：M. To those Americans for whom money is a concern…54. We get a fairly large portion of calories from fast food and snacks.答案：C. And yet we aren’t cooking…55. The popularity of TV led to the popularity of frozen food.答案：H. Although frozen dinners were invented in the ‘40s, their popularity didn’t boom until televisions became popular a decade or so later…46-55.DBFOGEJMCH56. A) It is disappearing.57. B) electronically.58. D) Spending money is so fast and easy.59. A) It represents a change in the modern world.60. C) He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.61. A) They are culture-related.62. C) They get less sleep on public holidays.63. C) The World Cup.64. B) They want to get sufficient sleep.65. B) Few people really know the importance of sleep.第二版36 G favorite 37 M protest 38 B amount 39 O theories40 I immediately 41 D crazy 42 F differences 43 J naturally44 H happening 45 N rejectedThe perfect essay46. The author was advised against the improper use of figures of speech.答案: I。

12月大学英语六级考试真题（第3套）2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题(第3套)很多考生都会在真题中探索出考试出题者的'规律，下面是店铺精心为大家整理的2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题(第3套)，希望对大家有帮助，更多内容请关注应届毕业生网!Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picturebelow.You should focus on the harm caused by misleading information online.You arerequired to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the endof each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will bea pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C.and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet I with a single line through the centre.1.A.She has completely recovered.B.She went into shock after an operation.C.She is still in a critical condition.D.She is getting much better.2.A.Ordering a breakfast.B.Booking a hotel room.C.Buying a train ticket.D.Fixing a compartment.3.A.Most borrowers never returned the books to her.B.The man is the only one who brought her book back.C.She never expected anyone to return the books to her.D.Most of the books she lent out came back without jackets.4.A.She left her work early to get some bargains last Saturday.B.She attended the supermarket's grand opening ceremony.C.She drove a full hour before finding a parking space.D.She failed to get into the supermarket last Saturday.5.A.He is bothered by the pain in his neck.B.He cannot do his report without a computer.C.He cannot afford to have a coffee break.D.He feels sorry to have missed the report.6.A.Only top art students can show their works in the gallery.B.The gallery space is big enough for the man's paintings.C.The woman would like to help with the exhibition layout.D.The man is uncertain how his art works will be received.7.A.The woman needs a temporary replacement for her assistant.B.The man works in the same department as the woman does.C.The woman will have to stay in hospital for a few days.D.The man is capable of dealing with difficult people.8.A.It was better than the previous one.B.It distorted the mayor's speech.C.It exaggerated the city's economic problems.D.It reflected the opinions of most economists.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A.To inform him of a problem they face.B.To request him to purchase control desks.C.To discuss the content of a project report.D.To ask him to flX the dictating machine.10.A.They quote the best price in the market.B.They manufacture and sell office furniture.C.They cannot deliver the steel sheets on time.D.They cannot produce the steel sheets needed.11.A.By marking down the trait price.B.By accepting the penalty clauses.C.By allowing more time for delivery.D.By promising better after-sales service.12.A.Give the customer a ten percent discount.B.Claim compensation from the steel suppliers.C.Ask the Buying Department to change suppliers.D.Cancel the contract with the customer.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13.A.Stockbroker.B.Physicist.C.Mathematician.D.Economist.14.A.Improve computer programming.B.Explain certain natural phenomena.C.Predict global population growth.D.Promote national financial health.15.A.Their different educational backgrounds.B.Changing attitudes toward nature.C.Chaos theory and its applications.D.The current global economic crisis.Section BDirections : In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hearsome questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.Afteryouhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C.and D ).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A.They lay great emphasis on hard work.B.They name 150 star engineers each year.C.They require high academic degrees.D.They have people with a very high IQ.17.A.Long years of job training.B.High emotional intelligence.C.Distinctive academic qualifications.D.Devotion to the advance of science.18.A.Good interpersonal relationships.B.Rich working experience.C.Sophisticated equipment.D.High motivation.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A.A diary.B.A fairy tale.C.A history textbook.D.A biography.20.A.He was a sports fan.B.He loved adventures.C.He disliked school.D.He liked hair-raising stories.21.A.Encourage people to undertake adventures.B.Publicize his colorful and unique life stories.C.Raise people's environmental awareness.D.Attract people to America's national parks.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A.The first infected victim.B.A coastal village in Africa.C.The doctor who lust identified it.D.A river running through the Congo.23.A.They exhibit similar symptoms.B.They can be treated with the same drug.C.They have almost the same mortality rate.D.They have both disappeared for good.24.A.By inhaling air polluted with the virus.B.By contacting contaminated body fluids.C.By drinking water from the Congo River.D.By eating food grown in Sudan and Zalre.25.A.More strains will evolve from the Ebola virus.B.Scientists will eventually fred cures for Ebola.C.Another Ebola epidemic may erupt sooner or later.D.Once infected, one will become immune to Ebola.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for theirst time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read forthe second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have justheard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what youhave written.The ideal companion machine would not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also beprogrammed to behave in an agreeable manner.Those 26 that make interaction with other peopleenjoyable would be simulated as closely as possible, and the machine would 27 charming,stimulating, and easygoing.Its informal conversational style would make interaction comfortable, andyet the machine would remain slightly 28 and therefore interesting.In its first encounter it might besomewhat hesitant and unassuming, but as it came to know the user it would progress to a more29 and intimate style.The machine would not be a passive 30 but would add its ownsuggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes 31 developing or changing the topicand would have a personality of its own.The machine would convey presence: We have all seen how a computer's use of personal namesoften 32 people and leads them to treat the machine as if it were almost human.Such features areeasily written into the software.By introducing 33 forcefulness and humor, the machine could bepresented as a vivid and unique character.Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend if it34 the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another.At an 35 timeit might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy.Part m Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter.Please mark thecorresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.As it is, sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has become a badge of honor.Plus, we live in a culture that 36 to the late-nighter, from 24-hour grocery stores to onlineshopping sites that never close.It's no surprise, then, that more than half of American adults don't getthe 7 to 9 hours of shut-eye every night as 37 by sleep experts.Whether or not we can catch up on sleep--on the weekend, say--is a hotly 38 topic amongsleep researchers.The latest evidence suggests that while it isn't 39, it might help.When Liu, theUCLA sleep researcher and professor of medicine, brought 40 sleep-restricted people into the labfor a weekend of sleep during which they logged about 10 hours per night, they showed 41 in theability of insulin (胰岛素) to process blood sugar.That suggests that catch-up sleep may undo somebut not all of the damage that sleep 42 causes, which is encouraging, given how many adults don'tget the hours they need each night.Still, Liu isn't 43 to endorse the habit of sleeping less andmaking up for it later.Sleeping pills, while helpful for some, are not 44 an effective remedy either."A sleeping pillwill 45 one area of the brain, but there's never going to be a perfect sleeping pill, because youcouldn't really replicate (复制 ) the different chemicals moving in and out of different parts of the brainto go through the different stages of sleep," says Dr.Nancy Collop, director of the Emory UniversitySleep Center.A.alternativelyB.catersC.chronicallyD.debatedE.deprivationF.idealG.improvementsH.necessarilyI.negotiatedJ.pierceK.presumptionL.readyM.recommendedN.surpassesO.targetSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Climate change may be real, but it's still not easy being green How do we convince our inner caveman to be greener? We ask some outstanding social scientists.[A] The road to climate hell is paved with our good intentions.Politicians may tackle polluters whilescientists do battle with carbon emissions.But the most pervasive problem is less obvious: ourown behaviour.We get distracted before we can turn down the heating.We break our promise notto fly afterhearing about a neighbour's trip to India.Ultimately, we can't be bothered to changeour attitude.Fortunately for the planet, social science and behavioural economics may be able todo that for us.[B] Despite mournful polar beats and charts showing carbon emissions soaring, most people find ithard to believe that global warming will affect them personally.Recent polls by the Pew ResearchCentre in Washington, DC, found that 75-80 per cent of participants regarded climate change as animportant issue.But respondents ranked it last on a list of priorities.[C] This inconsistency largely stems from a feeling of powerlessness."When we can't actually removethe source of our fear, we tend to adapt psychologically by adopting a range of defencemechanisms," says Tom Crompton, change strategist for the environmental organisation WorldWide Fund for Nature.[ D] Part of the fault lies with our inner caveman.Evolution has programmed humans to pay mostattention to issues that will have an immediate impact."We worry most about now because if wedon't survive for the next minute, we're not going to be around in ten years' time," says ProfessorElke Weber of the Centre for Research on Environmental Decisions at Columbia University in NewYork.If the Thames were lapping around Big Ben, Londoners would face up to the problem ofemissions pretty quickly.But in practice, our brain discounts the risks--and benefits--associatedwith issues that lie some way ahead.[E] Matthew Rushworth, of the Department of Experimental Psychology at the University of Oxford,sees this in his lab every day."One of the ways in which all agents seem to make decisions is thatthey assign a lower weighting to outcomes that are going to be further away in the future," hesays."This is a very sensible way for an animal to make decisions in the wild and would havebeen very helpful for humans for thousands of years."[F] Not any longer.By the time we wake up to the threat posed by climate change, it could well betoo late.And ff we're not going to make rational decisions about the future, others may have tohelp us to do so.[G] Few political libraries are without a copy of Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealthand Happiness, by Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein.They argue that governments shouldpersuade us into making better decisions--such as saving more in our pension plans--by changingthe default options.Professor Weber believes that environmental policy can make use of similartactics.If, for example, building codes included green construction guidelines, most developerswould be too lazy to challenge them.[H] Defaults are certainly part of the solution.But social scientists are most concerned about craftingmessages that exploit our group mentality (,~, ~ )."We need to understand what motivatespeople, what it is that allows them to make change," says Professor Neil Adger, of the TyndallCentre for Climate Change Research in Norwich."It is actually about what their peers think ofthem, what their social norms are, what is seen as desirable in society." In other words, ourinner caveman is continually looking over his shoulder to see what the rest of the tribe are up to.[ I ] The passive attitude we have to climate change as individuals can be altered by counting us in--and measuring us against--our peer group."Social norms are primitive and elemental," says Dr.Robert Cialdini, author of Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion."Birds flock together, fishschool together, cattle herd together...just perceiving norms is enough to cause people to adjusttheir behaviour in the direction of thecrowd."[J] These norms can take us beyond good intentions.Cialdini conducted a study in San Diego inwhich coat hangers bearing messages about saving energy were hung on people's doors.Some ofthe messages mentioned the environment, some financial savings, others social responsibility.Butit was the ones that mentioned the actions of neighbours that drove down power use.[K] Other studies show that simply providing the facility for people to compare their energy use withthe local average is enough to cause them to modify their behaviour.The Conservatives plan toadopt this strategy by making utility companies print the average local electricity and gas usage onpeople's bills.[L] Social science can also teach politicians how to avoid our collective capacity for serf-destructivebehaviour.Environmental campaigns that tell us how many people drive SUVs unwittingly (不经意的) imply that this behaviour is widespread and thus permissible.Cialdini recommends somecareful framing of the message."Instead of normalising the undesirable behaviour, the messageneeds to marginalise it, for example, by stating that if even one person buys yet another SUV, itreduces our ability to be energy-independent."[M] Tapping into how we already see ourselves is crucial.The most successful environmental strategywill marry the green message to our own sense of identity.Take your average trade unionmember, chances are they will be politically motivated and be used to collective action--muchlike Erica Gregory.A retired member of the Public and Commercial Services Union, she is settingup one of 1,i00 action groups with the support of ClimateSolidarity, a two-year environmentalcampaign aimed at trade unionists.[N] Erica is proof that a great-grandmother can help to lead the revolution if you get the psychologyright--in this case, by matching her enthusiasm for the environment with a fondness for organisinggroups."I think it's a terrific idea," she says of the campaign."The union backing it makesmembers think there must be something in it." She is expecting up to 20 people at the firstmeeting she has called, at her local pub in the Cornish village of Polperro.[O] Nick Perks, project director for Climate Solidarity, believes this sort of activity is where the futureof environmental action lies. "Using existing civil society structures or networks is a moreeffective way of creating change.., and obviously trade unions are one of the biggest civil societynetworks in the UK," he says. The " Love Food, Hate Waste" campaign entered into acollaboration last year with another such network--the Women's Institute.Londoner Rachel Taylorjoined the campaign with the aim of making new friends.A year on, the meetings have madelasting changes to what she throws away in her kitchen."It's always more of an incentive if you'redoing it with other people," she says."It motivates you more if you know that you've got toprovide feedback to a group."[P]The power of such simple psychology in fighting climate change is attracting attention across thepolitical establishment.In the US, the House of Representatives Science Committee has approveda bill allocating $10 million a year to studying energy-related behaviour.In the UK, new studiesare in development and social scientists are regularly spotted in British government offices.Withthe help of psychologists, there is fresh hope that wemight go green after all.46.When people find they are powerless to change a situation, they tend to live with it.47.To be effective, environmental messages should be carefully framed.48.It is the government's responsibility to persuade people into making environment-friendly decisions.49.Politicians are beginning to realise the importance of enlisting psychologists' help in fighting climatechange.50.To find effective solutions to climate change, it is necessary to understand what motivates people tomake change.51.In their evolution, humans have learned to pay attention to the most urgent issues instead of long-term concerns.52.One study shows that our neighbours' actions are influential in changing our behaviour.53.Despite clear signs of global warming, it is not easy for most people to believe climate change willaffect their own lives.54.We should take our future into consideration in making decisions concerning climate change beforeit is too late.55.Existing social networks can be more effective in creating change in people's behaviour.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C.andD ).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.More than a decade ago, cognitive scientists John Bransford and Daniel Schwartz, both then atVanderbilt University, foundthat what distinguished young adults from children was not the ability toretain facts or apply prior knowledge to a new situation but a quality they called "preparation for futurelearning." The researchers asked fifth graders and college students to create a recovery plan to protectbald eagles from extinction. Shockingly, the two groups came up with plans of similar quality(although the college students had better spelling skills ). From the standpoint of a traditionaleducator, this outcome indicated that schooling had failed to help students think about ecosystems andextinction, major scientific ideas.The researchers decided to go deeper, however.They asked both groups to generate questionsabout important issues needed to create recovery plans.On this task, they found large differences.College students focused on critical issues of interdependence between eagles and their hab/tats (栖息地).Fifth graders tended to focus on features of individual eagles ( "How big are they?" and "What dothey eat?" ).The college students had cultivated the ability to ask questions, the cornerstone of criticalthinking.They had learned how to learn.Museums and other institutions of informal learning may be better suited to teach this skill thanelementary and secondary schools.At the Exploratorium in San Francisco, we recently studied howlearning to ask good questions can affect the quality of people's scientific inquiry.We found that whenwe taught participants to ask "What if?" and "How can?" questions that nobody present would knowthe answer to and that would spark exploration, they engaged in better inquiry at the next exhibit--asking more questions, performing more experiments and making better interpretations of their results.Specifically, their questions became more comprehensiveat the new exhibit.Rather than merely askingabout something they wanted to try, they tended to include both cause and effect in their question.Asking juicy questions appears to be a transferable skill for deepening collaborative inquiry into thescience content found in exhibits.This type of learning is not confined to museums or institutional rmal learningenvironments tolerate failure better than schools.Perhaps many teachers have too little time to allowstudents to form and pursue their own questions and too much ground to cover in the curriculum.Butpeople must acquire this skill somewhere.Our society depends on them being able to make criticaldecisions about their own medical treatment, say, or what we must do about global energy needs anddemands.For that, we have a robust informal learning system that gives no grades, takes all comers,and is available even on holidays and weekends.56.What is traditional educators' interpretation of the research outcome mentioned in the firstparagraph ?A.Students are not able to apply prior knowledge to new problems.B.College students are no better than fifth graders in memorizing facts.cation has not paid enough attention to major environmental issues.cation has failed to lead students to think about major scientific ideas.57.In what way are college students different from children?A.They have learned to think critically.B.They are concerned about social issues.C.They are curious about specific features.D.They have learned to work independently.58.What is the benefit of asking questions with no ready answers?A.It arouses students' interest in things around them.B.It cultivates students' ability to make scientific inquiries.C.It trains students' ability to design scientific experiments.D.It helps students realize not every question has an answer.59.What is said to be the advantage of informal learning?A.It allows for failures.B.It is entertaining.C.It charges no tuition.D.It meets practical needs.60.What does the author seem to encourage educators to do at the end of the passage?A.Train students to think about global issues.B.Design more interactive classroom activities.C.Make full use of informal learning resources.D.Include collaborative inquiry in the curriculum.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage."There's an old saying in the space world: amateurs talk about technology, professionals talkabout insurance." In an interview last year with The Economist, George Whitesides, chief executive ofspace-tourism fu'm Virgin Galactic, was placing his company in the latter category.But insurance willbe cold comfort following the failure on October 31st of VSS Enterprise, resulting in the death of onepilot and the severe injury to another.On top of the tragic loss of life, the accident in California will cast a long shadow over the future ofspace tourism, even before it has properly begun.The notion of space tourism took hold in 2001 with a $ 20 million flight aboard a Russianspacecraft by Dennis Tito, a millionaire engineer with an adventurous streak.Just haft a dozen holiday-makers have reached orbit since then, for similarly astronomical price tags. But more recently,companies have begun to plan more affordable "suborbital" flights--briefer ventures just to the edge ofspace's vast darkness.Virgin Galactic had, prior to this week's accident, seemed closest to startingregular flights.The company has already taken deposits from around 800 would-be space tourists,including Stephen Hawking.After being dogged by technical delays for years, Sir Richard Branson, Virgin Galactic's founder,had recently suggested that a SpaceShipTwo craft would carry its first paying customers as soon asFebruary 2015. That now seems an impossible timeline. In July, a sister craft of the crashedspaceplane was reported to be about half-finished.The other half will have to walt, as authorities ofAmerica's Federal Aviation Administration (FAA.and National Transportation Safety Board work out:what went wrong.In the meantime, the entire space tourism industry will be on tenterhooks (坐立不安).The 2004Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act, intended to encourage private space vehicles andservices, prohibits the transportation secretary (and thereby the FAA.from regulating the design oroperation of private spacecraft, unless they have resulted in a serious or fatal injury to crew or.passengers.That means that the FAA could suspend Virgin Galactic's licence to fly.It could also insiston checking private manned spacecraft as thoroughly as it does commercial aircraft.While that may:make suborbital travel safer, it would add significant cost and complexity to an emerging industry thathasuntil now operated largely as the playground of billionaires and dreamy engineers.How Virgin Galactic, regulators and the public respond to this most recent tragedy will determinewhether and how soon private space travel can transcend that playground.There is no doubt thatspaceflight entails risks, and to pioneer a new mode of travel is to face those risks, and to reduce them.with the benefit of hard-won experience.61.What is said about the failure of VSS Enterprise?A.It may lead to the bankruptcy of Virgin Galactic.B.It has a strong negative impact on space tourism.C.It may discourage rich people from space travel.D.It has aroused public attention to safety issues.62.What do we learn about the space-tourism firm Virgin Galactic?A.It has just built a craft for commercial flights.B.It has sent half a dozen passengers into space.C.It was about ready to start regular business.D.It is the first to launch "suborbital" flights.63.What is the purpose of the 2004 Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act?A.To ensure space travel safety.B.To limit the FAA's functions.C.To legalize private space explorations.D.To promote the space tourism industry.64.What might the FAA do after the recent accident in California?A.Impose more rigid safety standards.B.Stop certifying new space-tourist agencies.C.Amend its 2004 Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act.。

2015年12⽉⼤学英语四级考试真题答案(完整版） 对有关问题所作的解答的'结果；对提出的问题所做的解答，练习的答案。

以下是店铺为⼤家收集的2015年12⽉⼤学英语四级考试真题答案(完整版），欢迎⼤家借鉴与参考，希望对⼤家有所帮助。

Part IWriting(30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Learning is a daily experience and lifetime mission.”You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 参考范⽂： It is widely accepted that to live and learn is a creed of many centuries. Even in contemporary society,life-long learning still carries great importance to personal happiness. To begin with, hardly can anyone achieve genuine success in his career without learning . As competition in all lines of work grows increasingly fierce, we must defeat our rivals through learning. Furthermore, according to a latest survey conducted by an authority on the Internet, 95 percent of people interviewed answered that individual happiness and success cannot exist without life-long learning. In addition, an increasing number of people come to realize the value of persistent learning. A case in point is those aged citizens having been retried from work , who seek to learning Chinese drawing, calligraphy and Peking drama, so that their life after retirement can be meaningful, full of colors. Taking into account the analysis above, we can safely draw a conclusion that where there is leaning , there is life-long happiness. Part IIListening Comprehension(30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 1. A) They admire the courage of space explorers. B) They enjoyed the movie on space exploration. C) They were going to watch a wonderful movie. D) They like doing scientific exploration very much. 2. A)At a gift shop. B) At a graduation ceremony. C) In the office of a travel agency. D) In a school library. 3. A) He used to work in the art gallery. B) He does not have a good memory. C) He declined a job offer from the art gallery. D) He is not interested in any part-time jobs. 4. A) Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow. B) He will go to the birthday party after the lecture. C) The woman should have informed him earlier. D) He will be unable to attend the birthday party. 5. A) Reward those having made good progress. B) Set a deadline for the staff to meet. C) Assign more workers to the project. D) Encourage the staff to work in small groups. 6. A) The way to the visitor5s parking. B) The rate for parking in Lot C. C) How far away the parking lot is. D) Where she can leave her car. 7. A) He regrets missing the classes. B) He plans to take the fitness classes. C) He is looking forward to a better life. D) He has benefited form exercise. 8. A) How to work efficiency. B) How to select secretaries. C) The responsibilities of secretaries. D) The secretaries in the man5s company. 参考答案： 1. B. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration. 2. A.At a gift shop. 3. C.He declined ajob offer from the art gallery. 4. D. He will be unable to attend the birthday party. 5. B. Seta deadline for the staff to meet. 6. A. Theway to the visitor’s parking. 7. D. He has benefited from exercise. 8. D. The secretaries in the man’s company. Conversation One Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you havejust heard. 9. A) It is more difficult to learn than English. B) It is used by more people than English. C) It will be as commonly used as English. D) It will eventually become a world language. 10. A) It has words words from many languages, B) Its popularity with the common people. C) The influence ofthe British Empire. D) The effect of the Industrial Revolution. 11. A) It includes a lot of words form other languages.。

2015年12月英语四六级参考答案（完整版）注：下面为四级卷一答案。

回复“答案”，即可查看四六级卷二卷三卷四等各版本完整答案！考后流量大，如若打开页面时间较长，请大家耐心等待。

最后学姐祝大家都能过过过~~~【短对话】1. B. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.2. A. At a gift shop.3. C. He declined a job offer from the art gallery.4. D. He will be unable to attend the birthday party.5. B. Set a deadline for the staff to meet.6. A. They way to the visitor’s parking.7. D. He has benefited from exercise.8. D. The secretaries in the man’s company.【长对话】9. B. It is used by more people than English.10. C. The influence of the British Empire.11.It includes a lot of words from other languages.12.To place an order13.He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.14.It depends on a number of factors.15.Ring back when she comes to a decision.【短文理解】16. No one knows for sure when they came into being.17.Carry ropes across river.18.To prove the lighting is electricity.19.She can speak several languages.20.They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21.She was able to translate for a German sports judge.22.Taste the beef and give her comment.23.He grew up in a poor single parent household.24.Stupid25.Write two book reports a week. 【短文听写】26.heavenly27. fascinating29. Now and then32. characteristics34. naked35 .relatively36.G37.M38.B39.O40.I41.D42.F43.J44.H45.N46. The author was advised against the improper use of figures of speech. 对应I段47. The author's mother taught him a valuable lesson by pointing out lots of flaws in his seemingly perfect essay. 对应C段48. A writer should polish his writing repeatedly so as to get closer to perfection. 对应K段49. Writers may experience periods of time in their life when they just can't produce anything. 对应E段50. The author was not much surprised when his school teacher marked his essay as 'flawless'. 都应B段51. Criticizing someone's speech is said to be easier than coming up with a better one. 对应F段52. The author looks upon his mother as his most demanding and caring instructor. 对应A段53. The criticism the author received from his mother changed him as a person. 对应H段54. The author gradually improved his writing by avoiding fancy language. 对应J段55. Constructive criticism gives an author a good start to improve his writing. 对应G段中国父母往往过于关注孩子的学习，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务。

2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题(word版)附答案12月大学真题暂未公布!以下为大家提供的是2014年12月四六级英语真题，仅供参考!Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.作文题一：印象最深的活动AA campus activity that has benefited most.作文题二：印象最深的课程A course that has impressed you most in college.作文题三:印象最深的同学A classmate of yours who has influenced you most in college.Part II ListeningSection ADirections： In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D)， and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Question 1A.The man is not good at balancing his budget.B.She will go purchase the gift herself.C.The gift should not be too expensive.D.They are gonging to Jane's house-warming party.Question 2A.He is quite willing to give the woman a hand.B.It takes patience to go through the statistics.C.He has prepared the statistics for the woman.D.The woman should take a course in statistics. Question 3A.Page 55 is missing from the woman's scripts.B.They cannot begin their recording right away.C.The woman does not take the recording seriously.D.The man wants to make some changes in the scripts. Question 4A.The date of Carl's wedding.B.The birthday of Carl's bride.C.A significant event in July.D.Preparation for a wedding.Question 5A.The woman forgot to tell the man in advance.B.The man was absent from the weekly meeting.C.The woman was annoyed at the man's excuse.D.The man was in charge of scheduling meetings. Question 6A.The woman is a marvelous cook.B.The woman has just bought an oven.C.The man has to leave in half an hour.D.The man cannot want for his meal.Question 7A.How she can best help the man.B.Where the man got the bad news.C.What items sell well in the store.D.Whether the man can keep his job.Question 8A.The woman can sign up for a swimming class.B.He works in the physical education department.C.The woman has the potential to swim like a fish.D.He would like to teach the woman how to swim.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. Question 9A.He teaches in a law school.B.He loves classical music.C.He is a diplomat.D.He is a wonderful lecturer.Question 10A.Went to see a play.B.Watched a soccer game.C.Took some photos.D.Attended a dance.Question 11A.She decided to get married in three years.B.Her mother objected to Eric’s flying lessons.C.She insisted that Eric pursue graduate studies.D.Her father said she could marry Eric right away.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question 12A.Editor.B.Teacher.C.JournalistD.Typist.Question 13A.The beautiful Amazon rainforests.B.A new railway under construction.C.Big changes in the Amazon valley.D.Some newly discovered scenic spot.Question 14A.In news weeklies.B.In newspapers' Sunday editions.C.In a local evening paper.D.In overseas editions of U.S. magazines.Question 15A.To be employed by a newspaper.B.To become a professional writer.C.To sell her articles to a news service. 更多热门文章推荐：1.2.3.4.5.6.真题答案完整版(卷一)7.。

2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第三套）[视频讲解]Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Never go out there to see what happens,go out there to make things happen.”Youcan cite examples to illustrate the importance of being participants rather than mereonlookers in life.You should write at least120words but no more than180words.【审题构思】题干中要求对“Never go out there to see what happens,go out there to make things happen”进行评价，并举例说明在生活中做积极的参与者而不是被动的旁观者的重要性。

写作时应注意做到论点鲜明、条理清晰。

短语和衔接词的使用、句型的变换等能为作文增加亮点。

【参考范文】Be Participants Rather Than Mere Onlookers(1)As the saying goes,“Never go out there to see what happens,go out there to make something happen.”Though being onlookers is quite easy,we can’t achieve anything.(2)On the contrary,if we take an active part in everything,we will benefit much more.(3)To begin with,as participants,we can get more opportunities and experiences.(4)Because chance favors the prepared mind.Through doing something on our own,we continuously accumulate experiences which are useful for our future success.(5)Furthermore, being participants makes our life interesting and colorful.Onlookers seldom participate in activities,and they usually have a plain and boring life.They don’t have a taste of success or failure,joy or sorrow and so on.They are safe but lack passion in life.(6)Last but not least,being participants stimulates innovation.This is crucial for a nation to promote its international status.optimistic attitude towards life and go out to make something happen.(8)It is the young generations who will determine the future of China.【行文点评】(1)第一段首先引入主题，并提出自己的观点。

2015年12月大学英语四级真题及答案今天是四级英语考试的日子，2015年12月四六级真题暂未公布，以下为大家提供2015年6月的四级考试真题及答案，仅供参考!Direction: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank follwing the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making choices. Each choie in the bank is identificated by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answere Sheetwith a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questiontoare based on the following passage. Its our guilty pleasure: Watching TV is the most common everyday activity,after work and sleep, in many parts of the world. Americans view five hours of TV each day, and while we know that spending so much time sitting ___36___ can lead to obesity(肥胖症) and other diseases, researchers have now quantified just how___37___being a couch potato can be.In an analysis of data from eight large___38___published studies, a Harvardled group reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association that for every two hours per day spent channel ___39___,the risk of developing Type diabetes(糖尿病)rose0% over.years, the risk of heart disease increased 15% over a ___40___, and the odds of dying permaturely___41___ 13% during a seven-year follow-up .All of these___42____are linked to a lack of physical exercise. But compared with other sedentary(久坐的)activities, like knitting ,viewing TV may be especially__43___at promoting unhealthy habits. For one, the sheer number of hours we pass watching TV dwarfs the time we spend onanything else. And other studies have found that watching ads for beer and popcorn may make you more likely to ___44___them.Even so, the authors admit that they didn‟t compare different sedentary activities to ___45___whether TV watching was linked to a greater risk of diabetes,heart disease or clearly death compared with, say, reading. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2015年12月英语四级题目与答案解析第一部分：写作写作第一版：For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essaycommenting on the saying Learning is a daily experience and alifetime mission. You can cite examples to illustrate theimportance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120words but no more than 180 words.破题思路:第一段: 解释引言内容. 提出文章的主旨 : 学习的重要性第二段: 分析原因此处可以结合例子.第三段: 得出结论此文章写作时可以全面参照有道考神四级写作课程中功能句的讲解。

参考范文:Learning is a daily experience and a lifetimemission. This is a proverb full of logic. Inother words, learning is significant in our whole life. Indeed, wecan learn many things from it. If you understand it and apply it toyour study or work, you’ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.There are many reasons which can explain this phenomenon and thefollowing are the typical ones. The first reason is that learningcan light our road in the coming future. There is no denying thefact that the society is developing increasingly fast and we areoften easily surpassed by the people around. The only way to avoidthis is to learn to improve ourselves. As an illustration, I’d liketo take myself as an example. After graduation from college, mylife has been full of working pressure, which contributes to mydecision of pursuing further education. That’s why I can make myown way in such a competitive society.The effect of learning can be boiled down to two major ones. First,with the spirit of learning, we are more capable of overcoming thedifficulties in the future. More importantly, we can enrich ourspare time life by learning. No matter who you are, you mustremember that learning is the basic skill in our life.写作第二版：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essaycommenting on the saying Listening is more important thantalking. You can cite examples to illustrate the importance ofpaying attention to others' opinions. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.破题思路:第一段: 解释引言内容. 提出文章的主旨 : 倾听重要性第二段: 分析原因此处可以结合例子.第三段: 得出结论此文章写作时可以全面参照有道考神四级写作课程中功能句的讲解。

2015年12月大学英语4级真题答案（第三套）Part I WritingBe Participants Rather Than OnlookersJust as the saying goes, never go out there to see what happens, go out there to make things happen. It obviously emphasizes the importance of being participants instead of onlookers in life.There are several reasons to account for it. To start with, you will never realize the essence of life unless you try something on your own. No matter it is success or failure, both will make your life more colorful. Furthermore, chances are only for those who are brave enough to challenge themselves. They tend to have more choices and opportunities than others. Last but not least, Rome is not built in one day. Only if you are a doer rather than a watcher can you get valuable experience for the future.It is no exaggeration to say that some of the young generations prefer to be onlookers, which seems to be easier and less stressful. Therefore, we should have a change starting from applying what we have learned into practice and finally be more practical and effective in our future life.Part II Listening Comprehension（略四级考试共有两套听力）Part III Reading ComprehensionSection A36. G) favorite37. M) protest38. B) amount39. O) theories40. I) immediately41. D) crazy42. F) differences43. J) naturally44. H) happening45. N) rejectedSection B46. I) She criticized me when I included little-known references and professional jargon.47. C) My mother, who is just shy of five feet tall, is normally incredibly soft-spoken, but on the rare occasion when she got angry, she was terrifying.48. K) Somewhere along the way I set aside my hopes of writing that flawless essay.49. E) Criticism, at its best, is deeply personal, and gets to the heart of why we write the way we do.50. B) When good students turn in an essay, they dream of their instructor returning it to them in exactly the same condition, save for a single word added in the margin of the final page: “Flawless.”51. F) Franz Kafka once said:“Writing is utter solitude, the descent into the cold abyss of oneself.”52. A) Looking back on too many years of education, I can identify one truly impossible teacher.53. H) My mother said she would help me with my writing, but first I had to help myself.54. J) She trimmed back my flowery language, drew lines through my exclamation marks and argued for the value of restraint in expression.55. G) There are two ways to interpret Plutarch when he suggests that a critic should be able to produce “a better in its place.”Section C56. A) Its success is hard to copy anywhere else.57. B) Lack of the right kind of talents.58. A) Its location is not as attractive to rich people.59. D) It is an old city with many sites of historical interest.60. C) They can do more than providing money.61. C) It may prevent your business and career from advancing.62. B) Encourage people to disagree and argue.63. A) To find out the truth about an issue.64. D) They take care not to hurt each other’s feelings.65. D) Acknowledge their contribution.Part IV TranslationAn annual Chinese speech contest for foreign people is held in Changsha this year, which proves to be a good way of improving the cultural communication between China and other areas in the world. It offers the young people all over the world a good opportunity to learn more about China.A total of 126 contestants from 87 countries gather in the capital of Hunan province, who take part in both the semi-final and the final from 6 July to 5 August.The competition is not the only activity. There are some other plans for the contestants to visit the famous scenic spots and historical resorts.。

12015年12月大学英语四级考试真题(一)答案与详解Part Ⅰ Writing审题思路这是一篇四级考试中常见的议论文。

要求考生就一句格言进行论述。

这句格言listening is more important than talking. “倾听比谈论更重要。

”措辞简单，意思明了，考生比较容易把握，因此写起来并不难。

写作时，考生应该将重点放在第二段举例阐释倾听比谈论更重要的原因上。

联系实际分析可知，其原因主要有:倾听是交际之规则，只有善于倾听才能表达对别人的尊重，同时倾听对听者自身也不无裨益。

写作提纲一、阐述“倾听比谈论更重要”的内涵:倾听别人的意见比表达自己的想法重要得多（paying attention to others’ opinions is much more important than expressing one’s own words)二、分析原因：1、倾听可以表达对他人的尊重（listening shows your respect for others)2、倾听还可以使听者受益（benefit yourself)三、总结概述：l 、倾听在很多场合比谈论重要得多（listening truly outweighs talking on many occasions)2、我们需要掌握一些沟通技巧（master some communication skills)范文点评全文翻译倾听比谈论更重要如今,“倾听比谈论更重要”这一格言流行起来。

.这句格言道出了在社会中与人交往的真诗:倾听别人高分范文 精彩点评Listening Is More Important than Talking①Nowadays an old saying, “Listening is more important thantalking”，comes into vogue. ② The saying tells us the true essenceof communication with others in the society, which means paying attention to others ’ opinions is much more important than expressing one ’s own words. ③As for me, there are two reasons accounting for the correctness of this principle. ④To start with, listening shows your respect for others. In such a competitive society, willingness to listen can make you gain trust and friendship, which is the basic rule of socialization. A talkative person without ear is doomed to be alienated. ⑤ Furthermore, listening can really benefit yourself. There is no denying that you are the one to make choices in yourlife. However, a variety of ideas from others will definitely enrich your mind and present some enlightenment to your future actions.⑥According to what is said above, listening truly outweighstalking on many occasions. In modem society, we need to mastersome communication skills.⑦Only when we realize the importanceof listening can we lead a better life. ① 开门见山，描述现象:现在“倾听比谈论更重要”这一格言流行起来。