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人教版unit7知识点总结Unit 7的目标是通过进修一系列与电子商务相关的话题，来提高同砚的英语听、说、读、写的综合能力。
本单元主要涉及电子商务，包括在线购物、支付方式、物流配送等内容。
通过进修，同砚将了解到电子商务的进步历程、优势与劣势，同时也能提高自己的电子商务使用能力。
一、词汇：1. electronic commerce（电子商务）：电子商务是以互联网为基础的商业活动，通过网络完成商品和服务的买卖、支付和物流配送等环节。
2. online shopping（在线购物）：通过互联网平台进行购物的方式，消费者可以在网上浏览商品、选择商品、确认订单并支付。
3. payment methods（支付方式）：指购物者在完成订单后需要选择的付款方式，包括现金支付、网银支付、第三方支付等。
4. logistics（物流）：包括商品的存储、包装、运输以及配送等环节，以确保商品能够准时到达消费者手中。
二、语法：1. Infinitives of purpose（目标不定式）：用来表示主要动词的目标或意图，通常在动词后加to+动词原形，如：She went to the supermarket to buy some groceries.2. Passive voice（被动语态）：将动词的对象作为主语，动作的执行者作为介词by的宾语，如：The package was delivered by the postman.3. Action verbs and non-action verbs（行为动词和非行为动词）：行为动词表示可以看见、闻声、感觉到或需要时间或空间等的动作或行为；非行为动词表示状态、存在或品质等不行见的动作，不能用于被动语态，如：know, believe, like等。
三、句型：1. I want to order a laptop online.我想在网上订购一台笔记本电脑。
2. Online shopping is becoming increasinglypopular among young people.在线购物在年轻人中越来越受欢迎。
e-business PaymentIntroduction to payment gatewaysVirtually all e-commerce sites accept credit cards as their primary form of payment. To accept credit cards, you need a merchant account with a bank. A payment gateway is simply a service which connects your web site with the bank. While there’s a bit more to it than that, in essence that’s all it is –a way to take payments online.Typically, when a customer enters credit card details on your web site, those details are sent to the payment gateway, which then does some hard work in the background and processes(or rejects) the transaction. It then tells your shopping cart whether the payment was accepted or rejected. All this happens in a few seconds while the customer is waiting. The money is then transferred to your bank account –when that happens depends on the terms of your service.It’s a diverse industry and the description above is the most common scenario, but there are many variations on it.There are three basic types of payment gateways. The first is an API(Application programming interface). This means that the customer never sees the payment gateway web site – your shopping cart talks to it seamlessly in the background. This is generally the best option as it’s a transparent experience for the shopper, rather than being transferred to another site at the crucial moment of taking the money.APIs sound a bit scary, but your shopping cart vendor should have done the hard work to support it, so there’s very little work for you, the shop owner, to do. The only catch with this option is you’ll need a secure certificate installed on your server. These start at around $100 per year and work their way up quickly.The second type is a third-party payment gateway. The customer starts the checkout process on your site, but completes payment on the payment gateway site. While this can be simpler to set up in some cases, the experience is unsettling for the customer, and you’ll probably lose a few sales. Some third-party payment gateways allow you to customize the page design.There are also integrated payment gateways. In this scenario, you don’t need a merchant account from your bank – the payment gateway does everything for you. For start-up businesses, this can be an easy start. Generally the fees are higher for an integrated service, but the trade-off is simplicity for the shop owner. The best known integrated gateways are PayPal and 2checkout.How to choose a payment gateways?The first thing you need to know about a gateway is whether your shopping cart supports it. Unless you want to do some programming, you need to check for support. Most shopping carts support at least a dozen gateways, so check the list on your shopping cart vendor’s web site.Different payment gateways support different features. The most common features that you might need include:Fraud detection: If your business is susceptible to a lot of fraudulent transactions ( for example, you sell digital goods or mobile phones ) then you should ensure your chosen gateway has fraud detection technology. You may pay a little extra for this, but it could be worth it. A shop selling women’s fashion will have far fewer fraud problems, so the extra cost (if there is one ) may not be worthwhile, additionally, if your business is classed as “high risk”–especially adult sites –many gateways won’t take your business.Virtual terminal: This is a place where you can log in and manually process transactions amongother things. For example, if you do phone orders, a virtual terminal may be important.Recurring fees: if you have a service that takes regular payments –a monthly subscription for example – make sure your gateway supports this.Fees: of course, the fees the payment gateway charges are important. Be careful as there are a range of fees, and some services can get pretty imaginative on how to charge you. Fees might include a setup fee, monthly/yearly fee, fee per transaction (fixed or percentage ), withdrawal fees (getting charged to get paid –amazing!), chargeback fees(these can add up quickly), fraud detection fees and possibly more. You’ll need to have an estimated number of transactions per month before you start to work out the best service for you.There are many other issues to consider, such as accepting foreign currency, so you need to look at your individual requirenets.。
