专题十七概要写作
- 格式：pptx
- 大小：1.99 MB
- 文档页数：18
下载文档原格式
合集下载
高考英语完作文概要写作答题技巧
高考英语完作文概要写作答题技巧（名师精讲解题技巧与方法，值得下载）概要写作要求读懂所给的阅读材料，用自己的语言高度概括文章的主要内容和观点，有三个步骤：1阅读a.把握文章体裁。
概要写作的前提是要理解原文。
首先，通读原文，把握文章体裁、中心思想和整体结构，根据文章的体裁特点来决定内容的取舍，可以从以下方面的内容(见下表)入手。
▲不同体裁文章的要点b.画出主题句或关键词，主题句一般出现在段首或段尾。
在找到主题句后，要分析主题句的意义，进一步确定衬托主题句的一些关键词（组）如动词、名词等。
c.整合概括大意。
根据阅读时获取的信息、主题句或关键词(组)等，对相关的内容进行整合，理清各层次、要点之间的关系，用自己的语言把词(组)扩展成句，归纳出各段落的大意，也就是表达的要点。
2写作概要写作不是对原文的简单复述，而是在透彻理解原文的基础上，对原文进行高度的概括。
注意以下几点：a.准确。
准确理解原文包括对原文中每个要点及与之相关的“一些重要论据，句子的理解等。
概要写作必须绝对忠实于原文，既不能遗漏任何要点，也不能随意添加内容。
概要写作的时态顺应与原文的时态，顺序一致。
由于概要写作是转述别人的事情或观点，所以，不管原文使用何种人称概要写作一般都要用第三人称。
b.客观。
在进行概要写作时，要依据原文作者的观点，客观地转述文中的要点，不要把自己个人的观点和看法掺杂进去，不要使用“ I think”和“ I believe”等主观性的词句。
由于概要写作不允许照抄原文中的句子，因此，可采用句型转换、同义词转化、语态互换等手法将原文中的句子进行改头换面，达到“雁过不留痕”的效果。
如可用单个词汇替换具有相同语法功能的单词和词组：用determine代替“ make up ones mind”;用therefore和to等表示逻辑意义的连接词代替较长的词组“ as a result”和“ in order to”等。
c.简洁。
由于概要写作的词数有限，所以，可以采取削“枝”去“叶”的方法来减少词数。
高考英语新题型概要写作
II. 概要写作四项原则
1. 使用第三人称 2. 不加入自己的观点 3. 不对原文内容加以评论 4. 不加入与原文无关的信息
III. 写作步骤
1. 通读全文，理清结构 1）阅读并抓住主题，提取主旨大意，即有关主题 的主要内容或者作者在该主题上的观点或主张。 2）确定段落主旨句时，应兼顾语篇大背景，即在 全文主旨大意的统领下归纳段落主旨。 3）不是所有的段落都有现成的段落主旨句，有的 需要你自己去归纳、概括。
Sep 3 合并改写，润色升级 第一部分： However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
Attitudes towards dirt have been changing over time. (对原要点语义转换)
第二部分： In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease.
在18世纪时，人们对于“dirt”态度发生的变化。
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist ( 免 疫 学 家 ) ， encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong Immune system. And the latter( 后 者 ) position Is gaining some ground.
高考英语新题型---概要写作讲解
高考英语新题型----概要写作讲解概要写作也是2016年《普通高等学校招生统一考试考试说明》中最新推出的高考综合改革试验省份试用的两种新型写作形式之一,将与另一种写作题型读后续写于不同考次不定期交替使用。
1.考试要求提供一篇350词以内的短文,要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。
概要写作或读后续写,两种形式在不同考次不定期交换使用。
2评分标准(1)评分原则①本题总分为25分,按5个档次给分。
②评分时,先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次,最后给分。
③词数少于40的和多于80的,从总分中减去2分④评分时,应注意要从以下四个方面考虑。
◆对原文要点的理解和呈现情况;◆应用语法结构和词汇的准确性;◆上下文的连贯性;◆对各要点表达的独立性情况。
⑤拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面,评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。
⑥如书写较差以致影响交际,可将分数降低一个档次。
概要写作属于限制性写作。
主要考查考生凝缩大段阅读文字的概括能力,如考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力。
同时,考查考生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。
4.选材特点(1)所需阅读的短文词数在350以内;(2)所选材料体裁没有限制,以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。
5.题型特点简言之,概要写作就是对所读过的文章简要概括,写出文章的中心大意,也可称之为摘要。
写概要时,读者要把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来,而不是抄袭文章的原句,更不是把细节性信息作为中心,而是要通过对文章中的单词词组和句子进行合理转换,对文章的具体信息进行概括,再用合适的语言表述出来。
因此,概要写作基于阅读理解和书面表达,是二者的有机结合体,是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
6.概要写作解题策略和技巧写作步骤(1)细读原文。
首先要仔细阅读短文,掌握文章的主旨和结构,明确各段的大意。
高中英语概要写作题型解读与技巧
概要写作题型解读与技巧第一部分概要写作总体介绍1.题型介绍◆选材特点(1)所需阅读的短文词数在350以内;(2)所选材料体裁没有限制，以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。
◆评分参考阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：(1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况;(2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性;(3)上下文的连贯性;(4)对各要点表达的独立性情况。
注意：理解准确，涵盖全部要求，完全使用自己的语言，准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇，得分相应比较高。
相反，如果概要写作部分出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象，得分档次将会大大降低;所写内容与所提供内容无关不得分。
2考查能力概要写作，简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。
写概要时，读者要是把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。
这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。
因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
第二部分概要写作步骤和方法一．概括的写作步骤：1. 确定主题句。
确定阅读文章的主题句，一般在段首。
没有主题句的需要自己组合。
2. 寻找关键词。
分析主题句意义，确定关键词，关键词一般体现为名词、形容词，关键词的数目决定了概括的信息浓度。
3. 重构主题句。
概括的主题句逻辑上要统摄后面所有的支撑句。
可以从作者的写作目的逆推，反映写作目的主题句是高度抽象的，它基本决定了概括的质量。
4. 重组支撑句。
支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句，可以是补充过程或者提供证据。
口诀：简括为：缩长见短，省却细腻。
(括：概括性。
见：间接引语。
短：短的连词。
细腻：细节和例子)二．写概括的具体方法A.定时态：如果阅读材料是过去时，那么基本时态用过去时;如果是现在的，那么基本时态用现在时;不过，模板的开头语一般为现在时如The passage tells us that----- - --.B.定人称：一般情况下采用第三人称来写作。
概要写作专题10篇
概要写作专题10篇Exercise 1A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps；for there is a companionship of books as well as of men；and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.A good book may be among the best of friends. It is the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of adversity or distress. It always receives us with the same kindness；amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and consoling us in age.Men often discover their affinity(关系）to each other by the mutual love they have for a book just as two persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both entertain for a third. There is an old proverb, “Love me, love my dog. ” But there is more wisdom in this:“Love me ，love my book. ” The book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men can think, feel, and sympathize with each other through their favorite author. They live in him together, and he in them.Books possess an essence of immortality. They are by far the most lasting products of human effort. Temples and statues decay, but books survive. Time is of no account with great thoughts, which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author’s minds，ages ago. What was then said and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page. The only effect of time has been to sift out(筛选）the bad products; for nothing in literature can long survive but what is really good.The great and good do not die, even in this world. Embalmed in books, their spirits walk abroad. The book is a living voice. It is an intellect to which one still listens.参考范文：People should choose the best men and books to be their companion (要点1). And a good book could not only be one of their best friends who is usually a man(要点2)，but also be the bridge of friendships among people(要点3) . Besides，books are considered to be immortal in essence, especially good books(要点4) . Therefore, good books are really important and helpful to all the people(要点5) .分析过程：试题详解1.核心内容本文是一篇说明文，全文共分五段。
2019版高考英语一轮复习课件：专题十七 概要写作.ppt
ing habits. It's better to write for fifteen or twenty minutes every day than to sit for five or six hours to write over the weekend. However, if you can make a daily writing schedule with longer hours on your writing on weekends, then it's much better. One of the worst habits is never to get help from others to improve your writing. It is advised that you share your work with others. For example, you can send your writing to a few friends, round up some readers and let them comment on your writing. That way, you'll find your writing gradually improved.
答案 [写作提示] 本文是议论文。文章主要论述校车的好处。文章的结构为“总——分——总”模式。第一 段是主题段,提出了主要观点。第二至第四段分别是具体的论据。最后一段提出结论。 One possible version: The school bus is the safest and wisest choice to school in the US.(要点1)Firstly, school buses not only meet high vehicle safety standards but also are technologically equipped.(要点2) Secondly, the bus drivers have to pass strict qualification tests and safety driving training.(要点3)Thirdly, school buses, powered by green fuels environmentally safe by reducing the number of private cars hitting the roads.(要点4)Therefore children are encouraged to go to school by 浙江金华十校一模) 阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 The familiar yellow school bus is the largest system of mass transportation in the US and every school day transports roughly 25 million young people to school and home again after the school day ends. Meanwhile, it is the safest method for getting kids to and from school, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Children are 70 times more likely to arrive at school safely on the school bus than if they had traveled to school driving themselves or riding with friends. These school buses meet more of the nation's motor vehicle safety standards than any other vehicles on the road. Also, several new technologies available today are making school buses even safer, such as video cameras on the inside and outside, stop arm cameras, GPS tracking and collision lessening systems. Another safety tool on school buses is high seat backs, closely-spaced seats and energy-absorbing seats.
答案 [写作提示] 本文是议论文。文章主要论述校车的好处。文章的结构为“总——分——总”模式。第一 段是主题段,提出了主要观点。第二至第四段分别是具体的论据。最后一段提出结论。 One possible version: The school bus is the safest and wisest choice to school in the US.(要点1)Firstly, school buses not only meet high vehicle safety standards but also are technologically equipped.(要点2) Secondly, the bus drivers have to pass strict qualification tests and safety driving training.(要点3)Thirdly, school buses, powered by green fuels environmentally safe by reducing the number of private cars hitting the roads.(要点4)Therefore children are encouraged to go to school by 浙江金华十校一模) 阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 The familiar yellow school bus is the largest system of mass transportation in the US and every school day transports roughly 25 million young people to school and home again after the school day ends. Meanwhile, it is the safest method for getting kids to and from school, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Children are 70 times more likely to arrive at school safely on the school bus than if they had traveled to school driving themselves or riding with friends. These school buses meet more of the nation's motor vehicle safety standards than any other vehicles on the road. Also, several new technologies available today are making school buses even safer, such as video cameras on the inside and outside, stop arm cameras, GPS tracking and collision lessening systems. Another safety tool on school buses is high seat backs, closely-spaced seats and energy-absorbing seats.
高考英语之概要写作word.doc
概要写作（Summary writing），被称为“小作文”。
概要写作分值占据15分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。
概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary”的要求。
一．正确认识概要写作1. Definition of summary writing（概要写作的定义）By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage, an article, a chapter or a book.2. Key points of a summary（概要写作的要点）Conciseness（简要性）：Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness（完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner.Accuracy（准确性）：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does.Coherence（连贯性）：Rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases, a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow.Objectivity（客观性）：Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original passage only.3. Steps to write a summary（概要写作的步骤）1）Skim the text to find out the general theme.2）Analyze the text’s structure to divide it into several sections, find out the main idea of each section and write it out briefly with your own words. (one sentence) 3）Write down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.4）Organize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.5）Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.4. Beginning of a summary（概要写作的开头）Begin your summary with:*The author’s name*The article’s or chapter’s name*The author’s thesis statement—a general overview(survey) of the article.The Body:First of all, the author describes……He then points out that……In addition, the author talks about……Finally, the author suggests……Some other introductory phrases:*(The author) states in (this article) that…*(The author), in (this article) shows that…*In (this article), (the author) writes that…*As (the author) says in (this article),…*The main idea of (the author’s article) is…*The author believes (holds; maintains; claims; argues; points out; suggests; proposes) that + clause…*The author talks about (explains; describes; reveals; discusses; focuses on) + n.二．记叙文概要写作记叙文体的阅读材料，相比其他文体而言，写概要相对容易。
新高考英语写作精讲+解题演示：概要写作 (教案)
专题10概要写作-新高考英语写作精讲+解题演示距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
【典题解读】阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
(2018年11月浙江卷)It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus(校园)like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.There’s no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. In fact, a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that won’t be as much of a possibility, but if you live nearby, go check it out!If campus visits aren’t going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you’d like to attend. It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you don’t like about certain campuses, things that you wouldn’t know unless you actually visit.Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive. It’s a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors(顾问), and it won’t cost you a penny! You can register for its online college fair at . While visiting an online college fair can’t take the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities you’d like to attend.____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________【解读】本文体裁是说明文，主要大意是报考大学之前要进行实地考察。
高考英语考前技能提高—概要写作的解题技巧
高考英语备考—概要写作的解题技巧概要写作是新高考启用的新题型，给出一篇300字左右的文章(体裁多为说明文、记叙文，练习时偶见其它文体)，要求缩写成一篇不超过60字的小短文，缩写的内容覆盖原文的要点。
概要写作是对原文的高度浓缩，是阅读者在不改变原文的中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下用简洁、精炼的语言表述一篇文章的主要内容、基本观点或事实。
它主要包括阅读和写作两个过程。
概要写作评分标准及解读（1）总结1.简洁性：即用尽量少的语言对较长原文的简洁重述；2.自主性：即用自己的话语进行概写，避免对原文进行抄袭照搬；3.理解性：即表现作者对原文本的精准理解。
需要注意的是，考生不能对原文进行解释和评论，也不能掺杂任何个人想法，或做出任何评判，因此不能出现“I believe”, “I think”等字句；4.忠实性：即概写内容和中心思想必须忠于原文主旨，不可偏离主题、肆意篡改；5.连贯性：概要写作并非简单罗列要点，各个要点之间要有恰当衔接，使概要衔接紧密、脉络清晰。
写出的概要读起来要完整连贯、独立成篇。
（2）评分原则1. 本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。
2. 评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3. 词数少于40的和多于80的，从总分中减去2分。
4. 评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑：(1) 对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；(2) 应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；(3) 上下文的连贯性；(4) 对各要点表达的独立性情况。
5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。
6. 如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。
（3）高考真题与样卷特点三、四步突破法第1步：读懂原文，明确篇章结构写概要之前，一定要先通读原文，确定文章的体裁和主题。
在正确把握文章主旨和段落大意后，明确原文的篇章结构。
根据意义划分文中的自然段，意义段的数量对应的就是要点的数量。
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(Summary)
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作澄衷高级中学孙吉从2017年起，上海英语高考试卷的题型将面临许多调整，其中之一便是增加了概要写作（Summary writing），也有许多人将之称为“小作文”。
概要写作分值占据15分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。
概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary”的要求。
一．正确认识概要写作1. Definition of summary writing（概要写作的定义）By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage, an article, a chapter or a book.2. Key points of a summary（概要写作的要点）Conciseness（简要性）：Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness（完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner.Accuracy（准确性）：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does.Coherence（连贯性）：Rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases, a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow.Objectivity（客观性）：Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original passage only.3. Steps to write a summary（概要写作的步骤）1）Skim the text to find out the general theme.2）Analyze the text’s structure to divide it into several sections, find out the main idea of each section and write it out briefly with your own words. (one sentence) 3）Write down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.4）Organize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.5）Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.4. Beginning of a summary（概要写作的开头）Begin your summary with:*The author’s name*The article’s or chapter’s name*The author’s thesis statement—a general overview(survey) of the article.The Body:First of all, the author describes……He then points out that……In addition, the author talks about……Finally, the author suggests……Some other introductory phrases:*(The author) states in (this article) that…*(The author), in (this article) shows that…*In (this article), (the author) writes that…*As (the author) says in (this article),…*The main idea of (the author’s article) is…*The author believes (holds; maintains; claims; argues; points out; suggests; proposes) that + clause…*The author talks about (explains; describes; reveals; discusses; focuses on) + n.二．记叙文概要写作要点点拨记叙文体的阅读材料，相比其他文体而言，写概要相对容易。