2020年国家开放大学 基础写作形考任务4
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2020年国家开放大学《应用写作》形成性测试答案同学注意:如果以附件形式提交答案,请在在线输入框中输入“见附件”字样题目1完成获得15. 00分中的15. 00分标记题目题干结合教材,从主旨、材料、结构、语言等四个方面阐述实用型文章的特征。
(15分)答:实用型文章的特征就分别体现在以下这四个方面:(1)主旨单一、集中、明确主旨是文章的中心意思,是作者的意图、主张或看法在文章中的体现。
单一,是说一篇文章中只能有一个中心,只能围绕着一个主题把问题说清楚,而不能把关系不大甚至不相关的问题写到一篇文章中去,使写出的文章多中心、多主题,集中,是说一篇应用文只能有一个中心,而这个中心应是全文的统帅,应对文章内容有制约作用,全文要不枝不蔓,紧扣这个中心。
明确,是说文章的中心意思,作者的意图和主张是什么,要使读者一看便知,而不必费心揣摩,文艺作品所讲究的曲折与含蓄,恰恰为实用型文章所排斥。
(2)材料多样,真实有力,材料是构成文章内容,形成支撑并表达主旨的各种事实与理论,真实是实用型文章的生命,而材料的真实乂是使文章具有真实性的首要条件,有力是实用型文章的材料所应具备的另一个特点。
(3)结构合理、谨严固定,简单地说,结构是文章的内部构造,安排结构,就是根据主旨表达的需要,合理地组织材料,实用型文章应该是一种逻辑构成,而逻辑构成则要讲求谨严性,而不能流于松散无序,文章首尾圆合,衔接紧密,层次清晰,段落分明,则是文章结构谨严最起码的条件,也是对应川文结构最基本的要求。
固定是实用型文章结构的一个重要特点,遵照固定的模式写作,材能把文章写的规范,也才能使写出的文章便于阅读,易于发挥实际效用。
(4)语言准确,简明、平易、庄重。
语言准确是对所有文章的要求,语言运用得好坏,直接关系到文章质量的高低,任何文章的语言,都应当具有简明性,所谓的语言简明性。
所谓的语言就是能用尽可能少的语言材料,把尽可能多的信息明明白白地传递给读者,平易即平实自然,晓畅易懂,语言的平易首先表现在用语的直白上,另一层意思是用语朴实,应用文特别是用于工作的应用文大都应当带有一种庄重的风格,而语言的庄重正是形成文章的庄重风格的最为重要的因素之一。
国开应用写作形考作业四1.经济应用文区别于其他文体的基本特征是()A.权威性B.规范性C.时效性D.实用性正确答案: D2.经济合同的签订人之间的关系必须是()A.平等的自然人、法人B.权利义务对等C.国家与下级机关的计划任务关系D.平等的法律主体正确答案: D3.对重要问题提出见解和处理办法,使用()A.意见B.通告C.命令D.决定正确答案: A4.行政公文中唯一能向平行方向行文的是()A.通知B.通报C.公告D.函正确答案: D5.公文中应用最广、使用频率最高的一种文体是()A.请示B.指示C.报告D.通知正确答案: D6.公文用纸要采用的规格是国际标准()A.B5纸B.32开纸C.A4纸D.16开纸正确答案: C7.××省教委办公室2015年第6号文件的发文字号应当是()A.[2016]×教办6号B.×教办(16)第6号C.×教办[2016]0006号D.×教办[2016]6号正确答案: D8.在经济合同的的正文中,“当事人各方的权利和义务所共同指向的对象”是指()A.数量和质量B.价款或酬金C.违约责任D.标的正确答案: D9.广州市公安局向群众公布关于洛溪大桥的交通管理事项,应用()A.通告B.公告C.通知D.通报正确答案: A10.述职报告在人称上使用()A.第二人称B.第一人称C.第三人称D.三种人称均可正确答案: B11.市场调查报告又叫经济活动分析报告。
A.对B.错正确答案: B12.总结的文体特点就是只讲共性,不讲个性。
A.对B.错正确答案: B13.各类经济新闻的标题都必须要有正题和副题。
A.对B.错正确答案: B14.通知可以“特此通知”结尾,也可以发出号召、抒发感情。
A.对B.错正确答案: B15.政府机关不得对党组织作批示、交任务。
A.对B.错正确答案: A16.上行文一般只写一个主送机关,如果还有其他机关需要掌握有关情况,可以用抄报的形式发送公文。
最新国家开放大学电大《应用写作》形考任务4试题及答案一、判断题(对的打“√”、错的打“某”)3某5=15分1、应用文是指党和国家办事机关在处理工作和生活事务中广泛使用的具有固定格式的文体总称。
(某)2、应用文的三个特点为,格式的规范性,写作的实用性,语言的平稳性。
(√)3、应用文写作的三个基本要求是,准确、实再、简要。
(√)4、便条是一种复杂的书信。
(某)5、条据是人们在钱物交往中写给对方的一种凭证。
(√)二、选择题(3某5=15分)1、人民群众广泛使用它未办理私事,机关单位也常用它来处理公共事务,这类文书是(A)A日常文书B公文C行政文书2、单位或个人请客用的一种简便邀请书信是(B)A聘书B请柬C邀请函3、每100元汇费1元,分加邮政附加费0.20元是(A)A平汇B电汇C网汇4、利用电讯技术传递文字,图片和图表的通讯方式是(B)AEmailB电报C信复5、应用文被广泛运用于社会的(C)A各阶层B各基层C各领域三、填空题(1某15=15分)1、应用文书即包括由、、、、军事、等具有专门职能的部门在一定业务范围内使用的文书。
2、应用文被地运用于社会的各个,日常频率特别高,有很大的实用价值。
3、有些问题向有关单位或反映时写下的叫意见条。
4、汇票是承办汇兑时发给收支取的票据。
四、简答题(3某10=30分)1、应用文写作大致可分为哪几个类型?答:应用文大致可分为行政文书等三个类型:行政文书、交用文书、日常文书,2、我们为什么要学习应用文?答:应用文被广泛地运用于社会的各个领域,日常使用频率特别高,有很大的实用价值,掌握应用文写作的知识和技能将会给我们带来极大的方便和益处。
3、便条的写作格式分几种?答:便条一般分请假条、留言条、意见条等三种。
五、应用文练笔(按每种文体的格式和要求准确拟写)(25分)1、应用文练笔(8分)2、写一个留言条(8分)3、写一个请柬(9分)【篇二】最新国家开放大学电大《应用写作》形考任务4试题及答案《应用写作(汉语)》形考任务一答案结合教材,从主旨、材料、结构、语言等四个方面阐述实用型文章的特征。
谈谈你对日常应用文作用和意义的理解首先,应用文是人类在长期的社会实践活动中形成的一种文体,是人们规范行为、宣传教育、指挥管理、联系协调、处理事务的工具,有的应用文还用来作为依据凭证。
像我们日常生活和工作中经常使用的个人简历、调查报告、实习报告、思想汇报、工作总结、求职演讲、合同文本、申请书等都是应用文。
其次,《应用文写作》是一门综合性与实践性相结合的基础应用学科,学以致用才是关键。
应该坚持理论知识与写作实践相结合,正确掌握应用文的写作规律,不断提高写作水平,为将来走向社会能熟练地进行应用文写作打下坚实的基础。
再次,应用文写作要求文章主旨要明确、集中、深刻,材料要真实、有力、新鲜,结构要严谨、统一、完整,语言要准确、简练、庄重;还有,怎样才能写出更好的应用文呢?第一,要熟悉国家的法律、法规、方针、政策;第二,要了解业务,熟悉情况;第三,要多阅读文件,善于借鉴,勤于实践。
这样写起应用文来便可得心应手。
你是如何进行写作(作文)教学的一、激发学生情感,培养写作兴趣孔子云:“知之者不如好之者,好之者不如乐之者。
”激发调动学生内在的丰富情感,是作文教学中一个非常重要的环节。
对激发情感、培养兴趣的重要性不能仅仅停留在思想观念的认识上,更重要的是要在学生作文的具体实践中提供激情引趣的条件和土壤。
要把生活这股活水引入作文的水池。
生活,只有学生熟悉的生活才是学生作文文思泉涌的不竭源头。
初中生尽管年龄不大,生活的阅历有限,但他们爱好广泛,对外部的世界有着强烈的好奇心。
在这无限丰富的生活当中,总有他们熟悉和喜欢的东西,更有着许多蕴涵着深刻教育意义的素材,如果我们教师善于挖掘和引导,或抓住社会热点问题,或展示含蓄隽永的材料,或创设激动人心的情境……都能极大地调动学生的情感,激起他们写作的兴趣。
二、注重生活和知识积累,养成记日记的好习惯。
生活是丰富多彩的,生活中的每一个发现、每一点思考、每一点感悟都可能成为最美的文章。
“对于我们的眼睛,不是缺少美,而是缺少发现。
国家开放大学《实用写作》形考作业1-4参考答案形考作业11.公文用词的特殊性,是指公文有一套较常用的专用词语,这些词语用起来能体现公文的严肃性性和()A. 庄重性B. 规范性C. 准确性D. 简洁性2.通告与公告都是告知性公文,都有().广泛性等共同点。
A. 公开性B. 强制性C. 专业性D. 通俗性3.国家行政机关及其领导人发布带有强制性.领导性.指挥性要求的公文可以用()A. 决定B. 命令C. 意见D. 通知4.行政机关或企事业单位在一定范围内向人民群众或机关团体公布应当遵守或周知的事项时应当使用()A. 决定B. 通告C. 公告D. 通知5.国家行政机关发布施行重大强制性行政措施时使用()A. 奖惩令B. 行政令C. 发布令6.通告的发布对象一般为()A. 公众B. 单位C. 个人D. 团体7.命令(令)的正文一般由行令缘由、命令事项、()三部分组成。
A. 目的B. 执行要求C. 发文时间D. 根据8.通知的正文一般由通知缘由.通知事项.()三部分组成。
A. 主送机关B. 执行要求C. 落款D. 时间要求9.发布令均为复体令文,一般由颁布对象.颁布依据.颁布决定.()四部分组成。
A. 执行办法B. 颁布时间C. 执行要求D. 行政措施10.向有关单位告知某件事件,交代有关事项,不需要办理或执行时,使用()。
A. 会议通知B. 任免通知C. 知照性通知D. 转发性通知11.会议记录开头部分包括()A. 发文机关B. 会议时间D. 会议地点12.调查报告的特点有()A. 针对性B. 典型性C. 用事实揭示事物的本质和规律D. 指导性13.调查报告的开头方法有()A. 纵横式方法B. 提出问题法C. 介绍对象法D. 概括主题法14.简报常见的类型有()A. 会议简报B. 情况简报C. 动态简报D. 专题简报15.简报的结尾常见内容如下(A、B、D、)A. 提出设想B. 作出评论C. 表明希望D. 归纳全文16.述职报告写作的基本要求有()A. 文风朴实,个性鲜明B. 突出重点,分清主次C. 实事求是,切忌空谈D. 生动活泼,内容新颖17.述职报告的特点有()A. 公务性B. 内容的规定性C. 自我评价性D. 事务性18.根据启事的用途和目的,启事可分为()A. 征订启事B. 寻人启事C. 寻物启事D. 招领启事19.启示的特点包括()A. 广泛性B. 公开性C. 回应性D. 自主性20.慰问信(电)的格式包括()A. 标题B. 落款C. 正文D. 称谓21.讲话稿的种类不同,语气、内容结构等反面应该相同。
2020春国家开放大学《应用写作》形考任务1-6参考答案形考任务11.结合教材,从主旨、材料、结构、语言等四个方面阐述实用型文章的特征。
(15分)2.结合自身学习经历与体验,谈谈范文阅读对提高实用型文章写作水平的重要性。
(25分)3.结合教材,简述公文的概念、特点、功用、构成要素与分类。
(20分)4.在以下五个文种中任选两个文种,进行写作练习。
(40分)(1)通知(2)报告(3)请示(4)函(5)会议纪要要求:内容要明确,中心要突出;格式要正确,写法要规范;语言要准确、简明、得体,书写要清楚。
答题要点:问题1:答:实用型文章的特征就分别体现在以下这四个方面:章中的体现。
单一,是说一篇文章中只能有一个中心,只能围绕着一个主题把问题说清楚,而不能把关系不大甚至不相关的问题写到一篇文章中去,使写出的文章多中心、多主题,集中,是说一篇应用文只能有一个中心,而这个中心应是全文的统帅,应对文章内容有制约作用,全文要不枝不蔓,紧扣这个中心。
明确,是说文章的中心意思,作者的意图和主张是什么,要使读者一看便知,而不必费心揣摩,文艺作品所讲究的曲折与含蓄,恰恰为实用型文章所排斥。
(二)材料多样,真实有力,材料是构成文章内容,形成支撑并表达主旨的各种事实与理论,真实是实用型文章的生命,而材料的真实又是使文章具有真实性首要条件,有力是实用型文章的材料所应具备的另一个特点。
(三)结构合理、谨严固定,简单地说,结构是文章的内部构造,安排结构,就是根据主旨表达的需要,合理地组织材料,实用型文章应该是一种逻辑构成,而逻辑构成则要讲求谨严性,而不能流于松散无序,文章首尾圆合,衔接紧密,层次清晰,段落分明,则是文章结构谨严最起码的条件,也是对应用文结构最基本的要求。
固定是实用型文章结构的一个重要特点,遵照固定的模式写作,材能把文章写的规范,也才能使写出的文章便于阅读,易于发挥实际效用。
(四)语言准确,简明、平易、庄重。
语言准确是对所有文章的要求,语言运用得好坏,直接关系到文章质量的高低,任何文章的语言,都应当具有简明性,所谓的语言简明性。
2020年秋国开电大《管理学基础》形考任务四答案(注意:选项排序不一定一样,注意查看)一、名词解释(20分)题目1从教材中找出十个关键词,并加以解释答:1.管理:是管理者为有效地达到组织目标,对组织资源和组织活动有意识、有组织、不断地进行的协调活动。
2.外部环境:民族文化传统、社会政治制度、经济制度和科学技术便成为影响管理活动的外部环境.3.管理职能:即是管理的职责的权限。
管理职能有一般职能和具体职能之分。
4.决策:指人们为了实现某一特定系统的目标,在占有信息的经验的基础上,根据客观的条件,提出各种备选的行动方案,借助科学的理论和方法,进行必要的计算、分析和判断,从中选择出一个最满意的方案,以之作为目前和今后的行动指南。
5.协调:即和谐,指企业的一切工作都能配合得适当,以便于工作使企业的经营活动顺利进行,并有利于企业取得成功。
6.组织的效率:指组织活动达到组织目标的有效性。
7.霍桑试验:分为四个阶段:1)工厂照明试验;2)继电器装配试验;3)谈话研究;4)观察试验。
8.行为科学:广义的行为科学是指包括类似运用自然科学的实验和观察方法,研究在自然和寒舍环境中人的千米的科学。
狭义的行为科学是指有关对工作环境中个人和群体的行为的一门综合性学科。
组织行为学:主要包括领导理论和组织变革、组织发展理论。
9.企业再造:企业再造的实施方法是以先进的信息系统和信息技术为手段,以顾客中长期需要为目标,通过最大限度地减少产品的质量和生产规模发生质的变化。
10.管理理论的丛林:理论和学派在历史源渊和内容上相互影响的相互联系,形成了盘根错节、争相竞荣的局面,被称为"管理理论的丛林"。
二、撰写一篇小短文(80分)题目2管理学是研究管理活动过程及其规律的科学,是管理实践活动的科学总结。
任何一个组织,凡是有目标、有协调活动,都需要管理。
学完课程后,你有哪些收获?或者体会?请撰写一篇1000字左右的小短文。
答:在学习管理学知识后,我更深刻的意识到了一个企业或是团队的成功需要具备多方面的综合素质,管理学是系统研究管理活动的基本规律和一般方法的科学。
人文英语4试题题目:–How many languages does Peter speak?–________________________________A.Five languages.B.With his roommates.C.Pretty well."题目:–Something went wrong with my television last night.–________________________________A.It's impossible.B.How did you manage to do that?C. I'm sorry to hear that."题目:–Would you like something to drink? What about a cup of tea?–________________________________A.Yes, I want.B.No, thanks.C. No, I wouldn't."题目:–You are late. The discussion started 30 minutes ago.–________________________________A.Well, I don't know.B.I am really sorry.C.Don't blame me."题目:–Your ID card, please.–________________________________A. Here you are.B.Give you.C. Here are they."题目:_________ the War of Independence, the United States was an English colony.A. BeforeB. InC. At"题目:Eggs, though rich in nourishments, have ________ of fat.A. the large numberrge numberC. a large number"题目:Every year thousands of lives ________ in road accidents because of careless driving.A.lostB.have lostC.are lose"题目:Had you come five minutes earlier, you _________ the train to Birmingham. But now you missed it.A.would have caughtB. could catchC. would catch"题目:If she wants to stay thin, she must make a __________ in her diet.A.turnB. changeC.run"题目:No matter _________, the little sisters managed to round the sheep up and drive them back home safely.A. it was snowingB. hard it was snowingC. how hard it was snowing"题目:The student were all entertained in a Mexican restaurant, at Professor Brian's ________A.moneyB.expenseC.pay"题目:The young lady coming over to us _______ our English teacher; the way she walks tells us that!A.would beB.can beC.must be""题目:Tom, what did you do with my documents? I have never seen such a ________ and disorder!A.massB.messC.guess""题目:You shouldn't ________ your time like that, Bob; you have to finish your school work tonight.A.doB.cutC.kill""排序题A.I COULDN'T AGREE MORE.B. WHAT ELSE?C. ONCE WE SEPARATE AND RECYCLE THEM.D. BUT I HAVE A CONCERN.E. THAT IS REALLY A GREAT ADVICE.Peter: Molly, look at this. The newspaper says we should sort trash.Molly: That would be great! I always hate it when people mixing all the trash together.Peter: {A; B; C; D; E} Many communities have already done that.Molly: Yeah. The benefits of sorting out trash are obvious.Peter: For instance?Molly: If trash is sorted, it can be transferred to factories instead of the disposal plant.Peter: That makes sense. {A; B; C; D; E}Molly: With trash separated, pollution caused by incineration can be avoided.Peter: It is high time for us to sort out the trash. Trash is trash only when everything is mixed together. {A; B; C; D; E} they can be useful again.Molly: {A; B; C; D; E} Things like paper, glass, and plastics can all berecycled. They can be reused.Peter: Sorting is good. {A; B; C; D; E} If people have no idea how to sort their trash, they will still put all waste in the same bag.Molly: You are right. People should be informed about how to do that in the first place. Moreover, sorting trash should be made easy for us. Otherwise, few people would bother to do it.Peter: I hope everything goes smoothly!Molly: I believe it will.""选择题Since its founding in 1948, McDonald's has grown from a family burger (汉堡包)stand to a global fast-food chain, with more than 30,000 locations in 118 countries.With 58 million daily customers worldwide, McDonald's is now so ubiquitous around the globe that The Economist publishes a global ranking of currencies' purchasing power based on the prices charged at the local McDonald's, called the Big Mac Index(巨无霸指数).That's notto say that every nation carries the same menu items: choices vary widely depending on location. Some Asian locations serve fried shrimp in a Big Mac roll, while McDonald's in India doesn't serve beef at all, relying instead on burgers made from vegetables, rice and beans.Not everyone in the world has been happy to greet Ronald McDonald when he moves to town. Many see McDonald's as a symbol of American economic and cultural chauvinism(沙文主义), and European nations in particular have viewed American-style fast food as an insult to their national food. A French farmer, Jose Bove, became something of a national hero in 1999 after he and a group of people destroyed a McDonald's under construction to protest globalization and “bad food.”The next year, a bomb exploded in a French McDonald's, killing a 27-year-old employee. No one claimed responsibility.But regardless of whether you like their food or their policies, McDonald's is still widely seen as one of the true pioneers of peaceful globalization.1. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOTTRUE?{A; B; C}A.McDonald's was founded in 1948.B. McDonald's has opened its restaurants in every city of the world.C. McDonald's has over 30,000 locations in the world now.2. The word ubiquitous in Paragraph 2 is most likely to mean {A; B; C}.A.very crowdedB. very cleanC. existing everywhere3. From Paragraph 2, we can conclude that {A; B; C}.A.McDonald's designs its menu to suit the local peopleB. millions of young adults got their first job with McDonald'sC. the McDonald's menu sticks to old-fashioned favorites such as the Big Mac4. What did Jose Bove and his people do in 1999 to protest against McDonald's?{A; B; C}A.They destroyed a McDonald's under construction.B. They protested outside a McDonald's.C. They refused to go to a newly-built McDonald's.5. In {A; B; C}, an employee died in a fatal bomb attack on a McDonald's restaurant in France.A.1998B. 1999C. 2000""正误判断题I've been living in the country for more than 10 years. It means quietness, privacy, harmony and peace for me.Living in the country requires an active lifestyle. It involves activities like doing daily chores, preparing firewood for winter heating, feeding animals including pets and livestock, tending the garden, or securing fences, etc. For me, the most attractive activities are fishing, hunting and hiking. I enjoy seeing what nature has to offer everyday through a simplewalk down the little trail, or a relaxing drive along the country road with patches of green grass ornamented with wildlife sightings of birds, moose, bears, deer, etc.Living the country life helps us appreciate some of the simpler things, things that make us feel good about ourselves and the world. It may be just a get together on a Saturday at the local farmers market, or a project or a problem that the community might pull together to help solve. I have participated in a few community projects, like dealing with out-of-control grass fires, a roof that collapsed from a large snow fall, or even helping a recent widow with fire wood for the winter. Sometimes I am surprised by how much benefit we receive from helping others and as for this community I can’t say enough.I really enjoy living the country life. I know it’s not for everyone, but I know it's for me.1. The author has lived in the countryside for more than a decade, and he/she loves living there.{T; F}2. Living in the country is not busy at all.{T; F}3. The author takes a walk or drives along country roads almost every day.{T; F}4. People living in the country usually go shopping every Saturday.{T; F}5. According to the author, nobody dislikes countryside life.{T; F}"国家开放大学(中央广播电视大学)《国家开放大学学习指南》课程教学大纲第一部分大纲说明一、课程性质与任务《国家开放大学学习指南》是国家开放大学(中央广播电视大学)在本、专、一村一所有专业的一年级第一学期开设的、起到基础导学作用的一门统设必修课。
最新国家开放大学电大《基础写作》期末题库及答案考试说明:本人针对该科精心汇总了历年题库及答案,形成一个完整的题库,并且每年都在更新。
该题库对考生的复习、作业和考试起着非常重要的作用,会给您节省大量的时间。
做考题时,利用本文档中的查找工具,把考题中的关键字输到查找工具的查找内容框内,就可迅速查找到该题答案。
本文库还有其他网核及教学考一体化答案,敬请查看。
《基础写作》题库及答案一一、判断题(每小题1分。
共10分。
正确的在括号内划“√”。
错误的划“×”) .( )1.生活实践是确立写作主客体关系的根本途径。
阅读实践是感悟积累写作经验的重要途径。
.( )2.写作的特殊规律,是指在写作活动中的某个因素、某个阶段、某个方面的特定范围之内起作用的具体规律。
( )3.一篇文章是由若干段落组成的,而不是由若干层次组成的。
( )4.文本思想即指通过文本写作的主要内容所表达出来的某种总体性的、基本的意旨或倾向。
( )5.照应,是指前后内容上的彼此配合、关照和呼应。
如果说过渡体现的是上下文之间的直接联系,那么照应体现的则是前后文之间的间接联系。
( )6.语言具有简单性和单一性的思维与交际功能。
( )7.第三人称叙述,我们称为主观叙述。
( )8.抒情具有两个特点:首先是依附性,其次是非语言性。
( )9.评论和学术论文是析理性文体的两种基本类型。
( )10.演绎是从一般原理中推论出个别事理的一种论证结构方式。
二、简答题(每小题8分。
共24分)1.从写作的一般属性看,其主要特征表现在哪几个方面?2.写作者在运用说明方式进行写作时,应当达到的基本要求有哪些?请简要解释。
3.简要说明文学作为语言艺术的审美表现特征。
三、分析论述题(16分J分析并说明新闻写作、理论文章写作、实用文体写作在材料选择中的主要不同之处。
四、文章写作题(50分)读下面一段文字,根据要求作文。
美国每年ll月的第四个星期四是“感恩节”,此节日的由来有多种说法,有关吃火鸡的习俗有这么一说:1620年冬,102位不愿忍受英国宗教迫害的清教徒乘“五月红花”号船历尽艰辛,来到北美大陆,在普利茅斯住了下来。
形考任务四参考一、单项选择题,把合适的选项编号填写在括号内。
(每小题2分,共30分)题目1关系数据模型属于()。
选择一项:A. 概念数据模型B. 存储数据模型C. 逻辑数据模型D. 存储数据模型C. 逻辑数据模型题目2在对象数据模型中,对象不具有的特性是()。
选择一项:A. 继承性B. 共享性C. 封装性D. 多态性B. 共享性题目3学生关系中的班级号属性与班级关系中的班级号主码属性相对应,则班级号为学生关系中的()。
选择一项:A. 主码B. 外码C. 候选码D. 超码B. 外码题目4在一个关系R中,若存在“学号→系号,系号→系主任”,则该关系必定存在着()函数依赖。
选择一项:A. 部分B. 平凡D. 传递D. 传递题目5设一个关系为R(A,B,C,D,E,F,G),它的最小函数依赖集为FD={A→B,C→D,B→E,E→F},则该关系的候选码为()。
选择一项:A. (A,E,G)B. (A,C)C. (A,C,G)D. (A,G)C. (A,C,G)题目6在SQL的查询语句中,order by选项实现对结果表的()功能。
选择一项:A. 分组统计B. 投影C. 求和D. 排序D. 排序题目7在数据库应用系统设计的需求分析阶段,不需要做的事情是()。
选择一项:A. 画出数据流图B. 建立数据字典C. 编写需求说明书D. 创建基本表D. 创建基本表题目8在Access操作窗口的功能区中,不存在的选项卡为()。
选择一项:B.数据库工具C. 创建D. 查询D. 查询题目9在Access的数据表中,如果不想显示某些字段,可以使用的命令是()。
选择一项:A. 筛选B. 隐藏C. 冻结D. 删除B. 隐藏题目10在Access 中,需要进行数据的导入和导出操作时,应使用()选项卡中的相关命令。
选择一项:A. 开始B. 创建C. 数据库工具D. 外部数据D. 外部数据题目11在Access中,利用查询向导不能够建立()查询。
一、思想上高度重视参加电大学习后,我首先在思想上就高度重视,认识到通过这次电大的学习,能够学到许多行政管理专业的理论知识,将对本人知识更新会有许多帮助,并且能够将学到的理论知识、专业技能及工作经验,用以指导自己岗位工作的开展。
为了能顺利地完成学习任务,我为自己制订了详细的学习计划,坚持做到“学习、工作两不误”。
二、掌握学习方法由于不同于全日制的授课方式,除了面授的机会外,可以说大部分时间要靠我们自学去完成。
为了提高自已,我特别珍惜这次学习的机会。
我能正确处理好工作与学习的关系,把学习当作完善自身的需求,把学习当成促进工作的动力。
在工作之余,我认真阅读教学材料,仔细领会每门课程所讲述的内容,做到课前预习了解。
同时圈划重点,做好笔记,对于不懂的问题,我利用本班级的QQ群,登陆电大网站,参加教学课程的BBS讨论等方式,利用网络平台查阅学习资料,与老师和同学们进行广泛的交流探讨,提高了学习的效率。
三、认真完成作业作为成绩考核的一部分,作业不仅是对所学知识掌握程度的一种检验,也是对我学习态度的一种考验。
在平时作业中,无论工作多忙,我都抽出一些时间去做作业。
遇到不懂的问题,就查阅相关书籍或是上网查阅相关资料,坚持认真、独立做好每一道题,不漏过每一道题,并保证作业的及时上交。
四、搞好考前复习考前复习是学习过程的最后阶段。
俗语说“临阵磨枪,不快也光”,每次考试前,我都坚持事先制定一个清晰明确的复习计划。
把每门课程分成几个复习单元,列出每个单元的复习目标,并对重点问题加以标记,做到重点掌握,有地放矢,保证了各科成绩的顺利通过。
五、严守考试纪律考试是对学习成效的一种检验。
在每次考试中,我坚持以党员干部的标准严格要求自己,端正思想态度,严守考场纪律,自觉服从监考老师的管理,认真、独立完成每一次考试。
三年来,我没有发生过一次因为违规违纪而被批评或处罚的现象,得到了老师们的一致认可。
六、坚持学以致用“从学习中来,到实践中去”,理论学习的最终目的是将其用于现实中去。
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单位:只写“温州大学”
论文题目:(三号字,加粗,距中)
作者、单位:小四号字
摘要、关键词:加粗
摘要、关键词后面的内容:五号字
正文内容:小四号字,其中,第个一级、二级、三级标题都加粗
参考文献:加粗
参考文献后面的内容:五号字
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写作专项练习1. Write a comment on the education we need. The quality of education is a hot topic. Different people, however, think differently on this matter. What kind of education do you need? What kind of education do you think is suitable and meaningful? Write a passage about 120 words to make a comment.What kind of education we have before? That is easy to know, because almost all people have been to school when they were kids. I still remember when I was a kid, countless booklets waited for me on the table, but my teachers said school had already reduced lots of homework for us. If now young kids are still following this kind of educating rules, they will have no time to learn new things, which show up rapidly day by day. Current education system is welcomed to become the more humanized learning system, with sorting to several levels and several fields for different students who have different hobbies and talents. Our education should no longer focus on higher scores by spending all times on writing assignments and memorizing essays, but need to have all kinds of courses such as painting and dancing during normal school hours. This essays, but need to have all kinds of courses such as painting and dancing during normal school hours. This mode can have very good results that it can let kids know what things they truly love when they are only a couple years old.2. Write a passage about 120 words on how to improve the quality of education. You may follow the ideas given below.(1) Problems on the quality of education(2) Possible causes of the problems(3) Your suggestions and solutionshow to improve the quality of education has always been in the mid of heated discussion of people from all walks of life. And more specifically, whether increasing teacher’s salaries is the best way to improve the quality of education is something at issue. Some think it contributes a lot to a high-standard education, while others think it only improves the standards of teachers’ life, but not necessarily that of education.For me, I insist that increasing teacher’s salaries is the best way to improveFirstly, in response of some people’s concern that it will only improve the teachers’ living standards, I think that most teachers have a strong sense of responsibility. So for the majority of the teachers, once they can get a satisfactory salary and achieve a comfortable life, they will concentrate more on how to improve their teaching methodology and better impart the knowledge to students. In this way can the overall quality of education be improved.Secondly, higher salary means more prominence and higher social status given to teacher as a profession. In terms of that, more people would like to become a teacher, thus intensifying the competition for the each teaching position. As a result, the whole nation can have a more strict selecting process to recruit only the most outstanding candidates. In addition, the society as a whole will pay more attention to the teacher-recruiting process, and more censorship with no doubt ensures that only the best ones can be selected as teachers. Through a social point of view, improving the salaries also contributes a lot to improving the quality of education.In a word, from a perspective of both teachers themselves and also the social censorship, increasing teachers’ salaries is certainly the best approach to enhance the quality of education.3. Write a passage on the importance of effective communication. The passage should be about 120 words. Your passage may be based on the following information.(1) What factors are important in achieving effective communication?(2) What benefits can effective communication bring about for your career?(3) What are your suggestions to make communication more effective?In our daily life,we have to come into contact with people in every walk of life. Therefore, it is very important for us to know how to get along with other people. To get well along with others and win their friendships,we must observe strictly the following words. To begin with,we need to be honest with others and should always say what we mean. Lies will surely make people stay far away from us in the long run. After all, honesty is the best policy. Second, we have to be humble enough. lf we are proud in public, we can hardly win other ' s respect, not to mention "friendship". Finally, we must not be selfish. We should learn how to4. A MemoThe Human Resource Manager Bruce asks you to prepare a memo for him briefing all staff about the coming invited speech delivered by Dr. Jerry Anderson. You have been given the following information:The time and the date: 14:00-16:00, April 11The venue: function room on level 3The invited speaker: Dr. Jerry AndersonThe content: sorting trash scientificallyThe participants: all staffA MemoTo: All StaffFrom: Bruce, Human Resources ManagerThe time and the date:14:00-16:00, April 11Subject: Invited Speech on Sorting trash scientificallyDear Colleagues,I cordially invite you to attend on hearing the speech event conducted by Dr. Jerry Anderson on the topic of Sorting Trash scientifically. The speech event will be held at the Function Room on Level 3 on April 11, 2022 at 14:00 to 16:00.Your participation to the event is very much welcome.Best regards,Bruce Human Resources Manager5. Write a passage on living in a big city. The passage should be about 120 words. Your passage may be based on the following information.(1) List some advantages of living in a big city.(2) Describe some disadvantages of living in a big city.How to solve the housing problem in big cities is one of the most serious problems in modern life. More and more people find it difficult to perform their normal family and work duties because they have no place to live or they are short of housing, which needs to be solved urgently because it will lead to social unrest and economic inefficiency. Some people suggest that the solution to this problem is to build more high-rise apartments, while others prefer to build underground residential areas.I prefer the first idea, because it is cheaper to build on the ground than under the ground. People prefer to live in the open air and watch the sun. The second idea is not very practical, one of the reasons is that it is erous to build residential areas under streets and buildings, and the other is that it takes too much time and the number of people waiting for the house to increase, which makes the problem worse.6. Write a passage on how to overcome difficulties in my English studies. The passage should be about 120 words. Your passage may be based on the following information.(1)What difficulties did you have in your English study?(2)What did you do to overcome these difficulties?(3)What did you learn from the experience?I like learning English very much,I hope I can learn English well,because I like foreign culture,but in my study,I have some trouble,such as there are lots of new word to learn,it need a good memory. To be a good English speaker,the environment are very important,I think my English environment are not so good.so How to overcome difficulties in my English studies is a big problem. I think I can read more word in my spare time,Write more and listen more. Watch some English films,I think watch English films can change the language environment.Also,I will make a chance to go abroad,It can help me to learn English. That is the way to overcome difficulties in my English studies.7. Write a passage on my favorite TV program. The passage should be about 120 words. Your passage may be based on the following information.(2) Give the name of your favorite TV program.(3) List two or three reasons why you like the TV program.Nowadays, watching TV has become an indispensable part of people’s daily life. After working, people will turn on the TV to watch the show they like. It is a good way for people to relax themselves. There are many different kind of TV programs shown every day. Some of them are cooking show, some of them are soap operas, my most favorite program is called “The Animal World”。
1.写作者的写作目的和文本的表现内容要求语言运用一定的手段和方法,我们称之为表
达方式。请结合不同的文体,选择文本,有所侧重地谈谈你对叙述、描写、说明、议论、
抒情等不同表达方式的理解。
答: 表达方式包括: 叙述、 描写、 说明、 议论、 抒情。 ⑴ 叙述是写作中最基本和最
常用的一种表达方式。 ⑵ 描写是作者运用描绘性的语言, 把人物, 景物或场面的状态
或特征具体、 形象和生动的表现 出来的一种表达方式。 ⑶ 说明是写作运用解说性语言,
对事物的形态、 结构、 功能、 用途、 成因、 性质、 特征、 关系、 意义等进行客观
的介绍和解释的一种表达方式。 ⑷ 议论是写作者运用论说语言, 通过逻辑推理的方式来
证明自己对自然界、 人类社会, 以及人 自身的某种现象的理性认识正确性的一种表达方
式。 ⑸ 抒情是写作者运用情感化语言, 主要借助除说明之外的其他表达方式来抒发和表
先内心情感 的一种特殊表达方式。
2.表达方式在其具体运用过程中,会因写作的具体需要而在写作者的灵活运用中形成许
多特殊方法,即通常所说的“表现技巧”。请选择文本,结合相应的表达方式,分别介绍最
主要的表现技法。
答: 表现技法包括: 叙述技法, 说明技法, 议论技法, 抒情技法。 叙述的表现技法有
这样几种: 顺叙、 倒叙、 插叙、 平叙。 描写的表现技法有: 烘托、 对比、 错综。 说
明的技法有: 定义说明、 诠释说明、 分类说明。 议论的表现技法有: 例证、 引证、 反
证。 抒情的表现技法有: 客观法、 主客化合法, 主观法。
3.阅读明末文学家张岱《西湖七月半》,对其中所涉及的叙述、描写、抒情等表达方式进
行分析。
答: 本篇选自《陶庵梦忆》 是一篇简洁优美的游记小品。 它追忆了明代杭州人七月 半
游西湖的风 习情景。 它构思别出心裁, 寓意愤世嫉俗。 七月 半是中元节, 杭州
人习俗在次夜游西湖赏月 , 所以雅 俗人等一起拥来, 乌烟瘴气, 不堪入目。 作
者开门见山指出“西湖七月 半, 一无可看, 只可看看七月 半之人”, 接着便分别
对达官贵人、 名媛闺秀、 妓女和尚、 无赖子弟和风雅人士五类人, 从他们的身 份
地位, 情态格调上予以概括描述, 生动泼辣, 好恶明确, 抒发了作者鄙视庸俗的情
怀。 然后作者指 出杭州人七月 半夜游西湖的实质是立名目, 赶热闹, 再进一步描
写出 一副喧闹嚣杂的场面。 最后回 到自己在人散之后看月 的情景, 写出西湖的湖
山月 色之美, 寄托着自己清高雅洁的情怀, 同时即区别 于又反衬出庸俗的不堪。 不
难体会到, 作者在入清代以后, 写完样一篇追忆明末杭州风习的小品, 勾 画出这样
一幅人情世态, 是怀有国破家亡的我悲愤的。