丝绸之路(英语介绍)PPT课件

Cinnamon Jade Silk, skins, iron, mirrors, weapons, porcelain, lacquerware, nephrite jade, rhubarb, ivory, paper, grain, gunpowder, medicines, Epsom salts, elixirs, ginseng, snake bile, seaweed Silver, gold Spices, aromatic roots, resins Sulphur Camphor
Mesopotamia and Egypt
Baku (Azerbaijan) Persia, Middle East Southern Arabia
Household slaves, pets, arena animals, exotic furs, cashmere wool, raw and finished cotton, spinach, sandalwood, palm oil, cane sugar, perfumes, gems, gold, ivory, opium, glass and stone beads
The Silk Road
The Silk Road: introduction
Network of trade routes, which linked the regions of the ancient world in commerce; between China and the Mediterranean
The Silk Road: introduction
Silk A valuable cloth Originally made only in China Fine, strong, soft, lustrous, warm/cool Produced by silkworms Technique/process of sericulture (silk making) were closely guarded secrets Revealed secrets/smuggled silkworm eggs or cocoons outside of China = punished by death.

THE SILK ROAD
• Loulan, Guizi and Yutian were three important states in the Western Region at that time. They were all abandoned for uncertain reasons and travelers today can see ruins of these three once flourishing places.
• Under Han rule revealing the silk making process was punishable by death.
What did the Silk Road function in the past?
---Trade route ---A bridage that linked Ancient China to the outside world ----…
THE SILK ROAD Han Dynasty
• The Silk Road formally started after Zhang Qian’s visiting as an envoy to Western Region in Western Han Dynasty. He went there twice separately in 138 B.C and 119 B.C. He plays an important role in exploring the Silk Road.
Silk as a trade good
• Silk was a valuable trade good because it was a cloth that was strong, warm, light, and soft.

6
THE SILK ROAD
• Loulan, Guizi and Yutian were three important states in the Western Region at that time. They were all abandoned for uncertain reasons and travelers today can see ruins of these three once flourishing places.
4
(164BC~114BC)
An explorer, traveler and diplomat in Han dynasty.
5
THE SILK ROAD
• Starting from Chang’an, today's Xi’an, which was the capital of the Western Han Dynasty, Zhang led his team across the vast Western Regions and reached Loulan, Guizi and Yutian states and established trade relations with these small kingdoms.
3
THE SILK ROAD
• In order to protect these caravans and assure the safety of the trade, the Han Government dispatched General ZhangQian as an envoy to build good relationships wi ROAD
• It was commonly believed that people in those states were brutal, wild and uncontrollable. Xuangzang's trip changed the attitude toward the nomadic tribes in the Western Region and this contributed greatly to the Tang government's friendly relationship with these states.

奂（huàn） （美仑美奂）
1、边自由朗读课文, 边思考：“丝绸之路”是 一条怎么样的路？在课文 中寻找一句合适的话来说 明。
（1）“商人们在这个东方大都市开了眼界，正满 载货物返回故乡。”──这是一条运送货物的路。
（2）“望着这座群雕，就仿 佛看到了当年丝绸之路上商旅 不绝的景象，仿佛听到了飘忽 在大漠中的悠悠驼铃声……” ──这是一条繁忙的路。
凉州词 王之涣
渭城朝雨浥轻尘， 客舍青青柳色新。 劝君更尽一杯酒， 西出阳关无故人。
黄河远上白云间， 一片孤城万仞山。 羌笛何须怨杨柳， 春风不度玉门关。
玉门关，俗称小方盘城，在河西走廊 西端的敦煌市境内，位于敦煌市城西北约 90公里处。 阳关，位于敦煌市城西南70公里处， 因在玉门关以南，故名。
（3）“没想到，一条道路将远隔千里的我 们联系在了一起，这真是一条伟大的路 呀！”──这是一条伟大的路。
（4）“从那以后，一队队骆驼上对在这漫长 的商贸大道上行进……变得更加丰富多彩，美轮 美奂。”──这是一条商品流通，文化交流的路。
2、走进“丝绸之 路”，思考：课文描写 了一个怎么样的场景？
张骞拜别汉武帝图
张骞出使西域图
（4）事情：安息国将军热情迎接中国使者， 双方交换礼物。
3、想象：安息国的将 军和中国使者见面的时候， 是怎样的场面？用一个词 语来概括。并说说从那些 地方可以看出来？
（1）隆重。
①找出有关句子：
◇“将军其在高头大马上，身后兵马 不计其数„„” ◇“‘列队欢迎！’将军发出命令。 骑兵迅疾分列两队，一左一右，摆出夹道 欢迎的阵式。乐队奏起军乐，人群一片欢 腾。”
青海长云暗雪山，孤城遥望玉门关。 黄沙百战穿金甲，不破楼兰终不还。
1.有感情地朗读课文，了解“丝绸 之路”的历史意义，激发学生向 往古代文明，热爱祖国西部的情 感。 2.认识本课9个生字，积累新词和优 美的句子，搜集、交流有关丝绸 之路的故事。

Zhang Qian ---father of Silk Road
THE SILK ROAD Han Dynasty
• Starting from Chang’an, today's Xi’an, which was the capital of the Western Han Dynasty, Zhang led his team across the vast Western Regions and reached Loulan, Guizi and Yutian states and established trade relations with these small kingdoms.
16
The father of the Silk Road
Zhang Qian was sent to make an alliance with the Huns, which was never successful. He did however learn about crops such as grapes, a more powerful horse for combat, and established trade relationships.
What did the Silk Road function in the past?
---Trade route
---A bridage that linked Ancient China to the outside world
----…
24
The Silk Road
•The Silk Road was one of the reasons the Han dynasty prospered with a network of smaller trade routes that stretched more than four thousand miles. •The Roman empire dominated the Mediterranean, but the silk road connected both powerful empires and linked the people of the east and the west for over a thousand years.

.
10
Tang Dynasty
After An Shi Rebellion in Tang Dynasty, the empire fell down. the Tang Government had lost control of the Western Region and the trade on the Silk Road was halted.
.
8
Han Dynasty
After Zhang Qian,Ban Chao took on a mission to the Western Region, smoothing the Silk Road that had been blocked by external wars. His assistant Gan Ying reached Daqin (ancient Rome) and even went to Persian Gulf, deepened the Silk Road.
.
5
The Northern Silk Road on the land is
the most famous,and
We know it very well.
.
6
Beginning
It’s very hard to say exactly when the Silk Road started.many incoherent small scale trade routes have existed long long ago,they can be considered as the earliest Silk Road beginning form.
.

张倩之后，班超带着使命到西部地区，繁荣的丝绸之路 被外部战争阻断。他的助手甘英到达大秦（古罗马）， 甚至去了波斯湾，加深了丝绸之路。
Tang Dynasty


The Tang Dynasty government paid more attention to the Silk Road.Unlike the Silk Road in Han Dynasty, Tang Dynasty had control over some areas of Western Region and Central Asia along the road, establishing effective and sturdy orders, which cleared obstacles for Chinese businessmen. 唐代政府更加注重“丝绸之路”。不同于汉代丝 绸之路，唐代控制了丝绸之路沿线的西部地区和 中亚的一些地区，建立有效的和强大的政府部门， 给中国的商人清除了障碍。

海上丝绸之路的主要始于广 州，泉州，邓州，扬州，明 州港，东到韩国，日本，南ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ至东南方国家和西方的欧洲 和非洲。


The Northern Silk Road on the land is the most famous,and We know it very well. 北方丝绸之路最为有名， 广为人知。

北方丝绸之路通常是指路线从长安（今西安）， 西到武威的旅行，穿越河西走廊到敦煌，西到 欧洲。
Introduction

The Southern Silk Road on the land usually refers to the route starts from Sichuan Province and go south to India and Burma.this road has also played a great role in the war between China and Japan.

The Silk Road also led to the development of new scripts, such as the Uyghur alphabet, which was derived from the Aramaic script and used to write the Uyghur language.
The Silk Road had multiple branches, including the Northern Route, the Central Route, and the Southern Route.
The trade routes were not limited to land, and sea routes were also used to transport goods.
02
The Geography and Culture of the Silk Road
The Silk Road traversed vast deserts, mountain ranges, and grasslands, making it a challenging environment for travel. The routes were dictated by the geography, with many sections only accessible via specific passes or natural features like oases.
Writing systems along the Silk Road, including cursive scripts such as Kharosthi and Brahmi, were influenced by contact with other languages and cultures.

18
THE SILK ROAD Han Dynasty
• After Zhang Qian, Ban Chao took on a mission to the Western Region, smoothing the Silk Road that had been blocked by external wars. His assistant Gan Ying reached Daqin (ancient Rome) and even went to Persian Gulf, extended the Silk Road.
21
THE SILK ROAD
• From then on, merchants could travel on the silk route safely, and they began to explore this new route in order to carry silk from China to other parts of the world.
Introduction
• The Southern Silk Road on the land usually refers to the route starts from Sichuan Province and go south to India and Burma. This road has also played a great role in the war between China and Japan.
22
Silk as a trade good
• Silk was a valuable trade good because it was a cloth that was strong, warm, light, and soft. • It was valuable because at the time only the Chinese knew how to make it. • Under Han rule revealing the silk making process was punishable by death.

德语民族素有以主要货物命名 “商 贸之路”（德语叫 “Handelstraβe ”，英译“trade road”）及有 关商 站（trade post）的习惯。德谚 有云：“Alle Wege führten nach Rom.”如果翻译成汉语，正是 “条 条大路通罗马”。值得注意的是， 德谚所说通罗马的大路许多正是 “商贸之路”。
German traveler geographer scientist.
The mountain range on the southern edge of the Gansu corridor in western China was named Richthofen Range after him, although the modern name is now Qilian Mountains. The 12940 ft. Mount Richthofen in Rocky Mountain National Park is also named after him
例如琥珀是古代希腊罗马和埃及上条bernsteinstrae琥珀之路运往南欧乃至埃及奥地利首都维也纳就是琥该也是这样一条通罗马的大路
The Silk Road or Silk Route
费迪南· 李希霍芬男爵 冯· Ferdinand von Richthofen； 1833年5月5日－1905年10月6日
Cause one
• The German terms "Seidenstraße" and "Seidenstraßen"- 'the Silk Road(s)' or 'Silk Route(s)' were coined by Ferdinand von Richthofen, who made seven expeditions to China from 1868 to 1872.

Introduction
• The Northern Silk Road on the land usually refers to the routes start from Chang’an(now Xi’an), travelling west to Wuwei, passing though Hexi Corridor to Dunhuang and go west to Europe.
21
THE SILK ROAD
• From then on, merchants could travel on the silk route safely, and they began to explore this new route in order to carry silk from China to other parts of the world.
THE SILK ROAD
• Loulan, Guizi and Yutian were three important states in the Western Region at that time. They were all abandoned for uncertain reasons and travelers today can see ruins of these three once flourishing places.
16
The father of the Silk
Road Zhang Qian was sent to
make an alliance with the
Huns, which was never
successful. He did
howeveபைடு நூலகம் learn about