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三步登科百校联考卷1.全卷分二部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为非选择题。
考试时间90分钟，满分100分。
2.可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 O-16第一部分选择题本部分38小题，每小题1.5分，共57分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
1. 下列所描绘的各种自然现象中，属于化学变化的是（）A.冰川消融B.狂风暴雨C.光合作用D.露珠的形成2.下列对实验操作的“先”与“后”设计中，正确的是（）A.制备气体前，先往装置中装入药品，后检查装置的气密性B.测定溶液的酸碱度时，先将pH试纸用水润湿，后蘸上被测溶液C.稀释浓硫酸时，先往容器中装水，后慢慢倒入浓硫酸D.氢气还原氧化铜的实验，为防止爆炸，先停止通氢气，后熄灭酒精灯〖ZK)〗3.将浸泡后的菜豆种子剥去种皮，并做如下图所示的处理，在适宜种子萌发的条件下培养，其中不会发芽的是（）4.下列说法不正确的是（）A.氮气是空气中含量最多的气体，且化学性质稳定B.可吸入颗粒物可能引发肺部疾病、哮喘等C.空气质量报告中所列的空气质量级别越小，空气质量越好D.二氧化碳在空气中含量增多会引起温室效应，属于空气污染物5.2010年中国“达人秀”比赛中，23岁1.28米的“达人”朱洁以歌声征服了观众，进入24强。
朱洁身材异常矮小，但智力正常，原因是在幼年期（）A.甲状腺激素分泌过多B.胰岛素分泌过少C.生长激素分泌过少D.雌性激素分泌过少6.依据下图①~③，下列叙述正确的是 （）A.图示生物①②③都是由受精卵分裂、分化、发育而来的B.图示生物②是由上皮组织、分生组织、输导组织和营养组织等组成C.图示生物①②③都具有细胞结构和遗传物质——DNAD.图示生物①②的结构层次为：细胞→组织→器官→系统→生物7.“过去的一周，萧山人民你们hold得住么？周一25℃，周二26℃，周三13℃，周四8℃，周五、周六4℃。
感情一个礼拜过完春夏秋冬。
”这句话描述的自然现象是指（）A.气候B.气压C.天气D.气流8.下列对图中所示实验的分析不正确的是（）A.①c烧杯的作用是验证空气中的物质不能使酚酞试液变色B.②烧杯内壁有水珠生成，说明甲烷中含有氢元素C.③在冰面上小科推小丽，自己却向后运动，说明力的作用是相互的D.④物体在力的作用下做圆周运动，说明物体运动需要力9.小明同学学了科学知识后，给出了四个结论。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1C-12O-16Cl-35.5Ag-108一、选择题（本大题共10个小题，每小题2分，共20分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个符合题目要求，请选出并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
）1.黄河是中华民族的母亲河，保护黄河水资源势在必行。
有关说法错误的是A.严禁黄河沿岸私挖乱采 B.黄河水资源可随意使用C.大力发展节水产业技术 D.严禁生活污水任意排放2.物质的性质决定其用途。
下列利用其物理性质的是A.活性炭净水 B.盐酸除铁锈C.熟石灰改良酸性土壤 D.小苏打治疗胃酸过多症3.化学实验是学习化学的重要途径，正确掌握实验基本操作是科学探究的基础。
下列实验操作正确的是B.称量固体A.稀释浓硫酸 D.溶液蒸发C.pH 的测定4.童谣有云：“二十三，糖瓜粘……”。
其实糖瓜的主要成分是麦芽糖（C 12H 22O 11）。
有关麦芽糖的说法错误的是A.它属于有机物 B.它由三种元素组成C.氢元素的质量分数最大 D.它能溶于水 5.碘的相关信息如图所示，下列说法正确的是A.碘原子的中子数为53B.碘的相对原子质量为126.9g C.碘元素属于金属元素D.碘原子在化学反应中易得电子6.从微观入手认识物质的多样性是学习化学必备的素养。
分析变化过程图，判断下列说法正确的是一一一一一一一一一一一——氢原子——氧原子——碳原子A.反应物和生成物都是氧化物B.该反应中丙与丁的分子个数比为1∶1C.该反应前后原子的个数发生改变D.该反应中，分子分成原子，原子结合成新的分子7.氯元素位于元素周期表第三周期第ⅦA 族，在不同物质中可显示不同的化合价。
下列物质中氯元素化合价为-1的是A.Cl 2 B.Ca （ClO ）2 C.KClO 3 D.NaCl 8.小明为了探究镁、铁、铜三种金属的活动性顺序，他选用的药品如下，其中可行的是A.MgSO 4溶液、铁片、铜片 B.铁片、铜片、镁片、稀HCl C.铁片、镁片、CuSO 4溶液 D.镁片、CuSO 4溶液、FeSO 4溶液9.物质的鉴别和除杂是重要的实验技能。
山西省2020年中考理综物理模拟试卷（百校联考)一、单选题1. 失传已久的“五弦琵琶”被我国著名弦乐演奏家方锦龙复原。
如图所示，是他演奏“五弦琵琶”时的情景，有关说法正确的是（）A . “五弦琵琶”发声不需要琴弦振动B . “五弦琵琶”声与钢琴声的区别主要是音调不同C . “五弦琵琶”声振动有规则，不可能是噪声D . 现场观众听到的“五弦琵琶”声是由空气传播到人耳的2. 每年电路起火的事故都会造成重大的生命伤害和财产损失，“安全用电，责任重大”，以下关于安全用电说法正确的是（）A . 电路起火都是由于短路引起的B . 发生电路起火时，需要先用水及时扑灭C . 用铜丝代替保险丝可以防止电路起火D . 防止电路起火要定期检修电路，更换老化的电线3. 如图所示,是刷脸支付的应用场景。
在支付时，用一小摄像头拍摄人像对用户进行人脸识别验证通过即可完成支付。
下列关于摄像头所成像特点的说法正确的是( )A . 倒立缩小的实像B . 倒立放大的实像C . 正立缩小的实像D . 正立放大的虚像4. 中国诗词蕴含很多物理知识，下列诗词中涉及到的物态变化解释正确的是( )A . 风雨送春归，飞雪迎春到---------雪是升华形成的B . 岚雾今朝重，江山此地深---------雾是汽化形成的C . 露从今夜白，月是故乡明---------露是液化形成的D . 不知明镜里，何处得秋霜---------霜是凝固形成的5. 如图所示，北京大兴国际机场航站楼设计精巧，拥有“五指指廊”结构，寓意“凤凰展翅”。
普通成年人以正常步行速度从中央大厅走到A登机口需要的时间大约为8min，请你根据图片信息估测AB两登机口之间的距离大约为（）A . 50mB . 100mC . 500mD . 1000m6. 如图所示，是小亮为同学们演示按压圆珠笔，松手后笔即刻弹起的实验情景，对于这一过程分析解释正确的是（）A . 笔离开桌面的上升过程动能转化为重力势能B . 笔在离开桌面的上升过程中做匀速直线运动C . 笔离开桌面的上升过程受到弹力和重力 D . 向下按压时，笔对桌面的压力和桌面对笔的支持力是一对平衡力7. 小亮发现骑车上学的同学们，因为赶时间经常忘记收起自行车支架便骑车或没有锁车就离开，因此他设计了提醒收支架和锁车的电路。
2024年山西省百校联考中考英语模拟试卷（一）一、单项选择（每小题 1 分，共 10 分）1．（1分）On Tree﹣Planting Day， I planted some young trees with my sister andI will look after ____well．（）A．her B．them C．us2．（1分）Nowadays products "Made in China" are much loved by foreigners， especially traditional Chinese art ____like paper cutting．（）A．courses B．skills C．pieces3．（1分）A cause would always lead to a result． ____it's better to think twice before making a move．（）A．So B．Or C．But4．（1分）It's especially important to behave in a ____way in public places．（）A．special B．direct C．proper5．（1分）Social practice activities encourage students to use what they are learning in real life． This can ____the students' interests in study．（）A．develop B．collect C．compare6．（1分）While shopping online is ____accepted ， the over packaging（包袱） leads too much rubbish．（）A．widely B．suddenly C．probably7．（1分）﹣﹣﹣ I think John set a good example in our school．﹣﹣﹣That's true． Whoever is ____he always tries his best to give a hand．（）A．in trouble B．in public C．in person8．（1分）If we ____computers too much． I'm afraid that we might forget how to write Chinese characters（汉字） one day．（）A．care about B．deal with C．depend on9．（1分）﹣﹣﹣Gina， you look thinner． What's the secret？﹣﹣﹣ ____． I exercise more than before．（）A．First of all B．As a resultC．In that case10．（1分）﹣﹣﹣The exam is coming soon． I want to know ____．﹣﹣﹣Well， you can list the things you haven't understood yet and talk with your teachers．（）A．how I can prepare for itB．who can teach me betterC．what I should understand二、补全对话（每小题 1 分，共 5 分）请依据对话内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使对话意思完整，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．选项中有两项为多余项．11．（5分）（Alice and John are talking on their way home．）Alice： John， what are you going to do for vacation？John：（1）Alice： Great idea! Why do you make such a plan？John： First I want to relax myself after a long﹣time work．Alice： Yeah．（2）John： Besides， great changes have taken place in our country because of reform and opening﹣up（改革开放）． So I want to take a look．Alice：（3） I am so proud of our country．John： That's true． China has made a rapid progress in many fields．Alice：（4）John： I plan to join a group called Ride Bikes to Travel．Alice： Sounds fun!（5）John： Thank you so much．A．I agree with you．B．Have a good time!C．Will you travel by bike？D． I am going to stay at home．E．Then how are you going to do that？F．I'd like to travel around the country．G．We're too stressed out for the exam．三、完形填空（每小题 1 分，共 10 分）请阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从每小题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．12．（10分）There was once a boy who was out playing in a field with his friends． As they were playing the boy came across a stone that looked interesting． It wasn't as（1） as the other stones． It was a little bit sparkly（闪耀的）． But it was still quite dirty． The boy picked up the stone and （2）to polish it．His friends（3） him for this． They said， "（4）are you polishing that dirty old stone？ It isn't worth anything at all!" But every day， when they went out to play ， the boy would bring the stone with him， polishing it whenever they took（5）．This went on for some time． Then one day， the boy left his home to（6）his friends as usual． But this time， he had quite a（7）for them． When he showed them the stone， they were amazed． It was， in fact， not an ordinary stone after all﹣it was a beautiful diamond（钻石）． The boy stayed up all night，polishing it until it was（8）clean．There will be times in your life where people will try to discourage you． They will tell you that you're wasting your time on some（9） task． But when they do this， the best thing you can do is ignore them and continue to work （10）your goal． You can turn a rough stone into a diamond if you have persistence（毅力） and courage．（1）A． bright B． special C． common（2）A． decided B． refused C． expected（3）A． shouted at B． laughed at C． pointed at（4）A． When B． Why C． How（5）A． breaks B． notes C． photos（6）A． call B． join C． treat（7）A． promise B． choice C． surprise（8）A． completely B． simply C． clearly（9）A． relaxing B． serious C． meaningless（10）A． against B． toward C． through四、阅读理解（这一部分共五篇短文，每篇短文后有五个题，每小题 2 分，共 50 分）请阅读下面短文，依据短文内容，从方框中所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺．13．（10分）请阅读下面的六个小标题，将其与下列的新闻快讯进行匹配．（1）The word "hard work" was mentioned by President Xi Jinping in his 2024 New Year's speech．"I feel the millions of ordinary Chinese are the greatest，and I also feel that happiness is achieved through hard work．" he said． The phrase "happiness is achieved through hard work" quickly became popular， and has become a buzzword among Chinese people．（2）The Ministry of Education worked out a new set of curriculum standard （课程标准） for high schoolstudents．One of the biggest changes is a greater focus on traditional Chinese culture． Students are asked to read more ancient poems and other classical works．（3）The 55﹣km﹣long Hong Kong﹣ Zhuhai﹣Macao Bridge（HZMB）opened on Oct.24.2024．It was described as one of the "seven wonders of the modern world"． The bridge connects Hong Kong and Macao to the Chinese mainland city of Zhuhai． It shortens the travel time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai from hours to about 45 minutes．（4）Wu Dajing is a Chinese short﹣ track speed skater（短道速滑运动员）． On Nov． 11.2024． Wu set a new world record of 39.505 seconds to complete the men's 500﹣meter race at the World Cup in the US． He broke his own record of 39.584 seconds． His success comes from his hard work and self﹣discipline．（5）Paintings are art for the eyes． But the Palace Museum now has art for the ears as well． Last year， its first music album came out ﹣ AncientPaintings Can Sing． There are 11 songs on the album． Each song comes from a famous painting in the museum． They can give you a better idea of what each painting is about．A．The longest cross﹣sea bridgeB．Art for the earsC．Xu's many medalsD． "Hot" word of the yearE．Fastest on the iceF．More attention to culture14．（10分）请阅读下面辩论赛正反方的观点，选出一个最佳选项．He Meixi，14In my opinion，there's nothing wrong about parents share pictures of their babies online． It shows that they love their children．They just want to share pictures of their kids recall their childhood．Of course，as the kids grow up， it's necessary to let them know before sharing their photos．Chen Junhong，14Our parents have not only given birth to us， but also provided us with a lot of things that we need． Can't they share our photos to express their happiness and pride？ It's just another way for them to express their love and we should understand that． Though， I think it would be better for parents to talk with their kids about this when they start to go to school．Is it good for parents to share their kids' photos online？Li Meiying，14Some parents like to shareembarrassing photos of their kids online． For example， sometimes their kids are sleeping or crying in their pictures． But most kids don't want these photos to be shared online．They may not care when they are little babies， but as they grow up， they might be upset about it． So parents should ask their kids for permission before doingthat．Qian Bosi，14Parents should respect and protect their children's privacy（隐私）． Photos can show their children's faces， places they've been to and other information． It's not safe． Some people might use the photos for bad things． Parents should be more careful about this． And it's not good to share the photos without telling their children．（1）According to the pros， which reason is NOT mentioned（提及）？A．The photos shared online can be good memories．B．Sharing photos online is a way to show parents' love．C．Parents are proud when their kids start to go to bed．（2）What does the underlined（划线的）word "permission" mean？A．许可B．举荐C．评论（3）Why does Qian Bosi disagree on sharing the kids' photos online？A．Because the photos might be used for bad things．B．Because the kids will be upset when they grow up．C．Because some people will change the kids' information．（4）What can we learn from the cons？A．Embarrassing photos can always make people laugh．B．All the kids don't want their photos to be shared online．C．Parents should be careful to protect their children's privacy．（5）What conclusion（结论） can we draw from all their opinions？A．Sharing the kids' photos online is a dangerous thing．B．Parents should talk with their kids before sharing their photos．C．Children should understand their parents' love through the photos．15．（10分）From Nov，30 to Dec，1，2024， the 13th Group of 20 summit（峰会） was held in Buenos Aires， thecapital of Argentina， one Latin American country， Chinese President Xi Jinping took part in it．（1）He said he hopes people from China and Latin America can havea better cross﹣cultural understanding and learn from each other． He alsoencouraged Chinese teenagers to visit Argentina to learn how to play soccer． In the book One Hundred Years of Solitude（《百年孤独》）， the writer createda town called．Macondo．It actually represents（代表）the whole of Latin American． Impossible things happen there． For example， fish swim in the air．（2）It may come from the mix of different cultures， for Latin America includes more than 30 countries and areas． It encouraged people in Latin America to be more open﹣minded．Latin America's environment is quite diverse（多变的）． People can enjoy sunshine on the islands and ride horses in the green grasslands．（3） Many of the world's most unique plants and animals live there．（4）Latin American people have created different dance styles． Some are famous around the world like the samba， rumba， cha﹣cha and tango． There dance styles are cheerful and can bring strangers together．（5）Its amazing natural environment， historical achievement and cultural traditions have made it special and influential．A．Latin America is a land with stories．B．He praised the rich culture of Latin America．C．Latin America is an open and romantic place．D．Where does the magic in his book come from？E．It even has the world's biggest rainforest﹣the Amazon．F．The music and dance of Latin America is quite well﹣known．（D）请阅读下面短文，在下面的横线上填入与文章意思相符的内容，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上．64 小题所填不超过 8 个汉字，其余各小题每空一词．16．（10分）Is there a way to quickly recall information just before taking an exam？Walking backwards might be a solution． Scientists in the UK said this activity can help people improve their short﹣ term memory． When you walk backward， you see things from a different side compared walking forward． This difference helps people recall things that happened in the past．And walking backward is not just good for our brains． It is also good for the rest of our body． Compared to walking forward， walking backward is more challenging． This can help us improve our health． Walking backward uses more enengy in a short time and burns more calories．In addition， walking backward is less stressful for our knees． It could be helpful for people who often have pain in their knees． Walking backward also keeps our spines（脊柱）strong， which can help to ease（缓解） pain in the lower back． This might be why many old people like walking backward．It's just as the saying goes，"The longest journey starts with a single step．"Let's have a try now． First， you need to find a flat（平坦的）and clear area． Walk slower than you usually walk forward．If you are a beginner， take a few steps forward and then a few steps back． If you don't feel comfortable， take a break．For our brainsIt might be a solution to help you recall information（1）．For the rest of our bodyIt's more challenging and helps us be more（2）．For our kneesIt helps ease pain in the knees and lower back， this might be the（3）why old people like itLet's tryPlease translate the underlined sentence into Chinese．（4）． As a beginner，you need to（5）if you feel uncomfortable．（E）阅读下面非连续性文本，按要求完成所给的任务，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上．17．（10分）Have your schoolmales ever asked you for money？ Have you ever been kicked by someone at school？ These are some forms of bullying（欺凌）． But actually，verbal（口头的） bullying in the most common kind of bullying， according to a report by Nanjing University．School bullying happens in schools worldwide， from calling students names to physical attacks．In fact， many students have been given insulting（羞辱的）names． It really hurts them， even causes lifelong pain．Why teenagers bully others？ One reason is that some of the teenagers have less knowledge of law and do not care about law．As for parents， most of them don't take bullying very seriously． They consider bullying incidents as "small fight" between their children， and it is just because of such an attitude that bullying cases have not reduced in China．worldwide， from calling students names "I walled shert mod fat in Bullying can cause physical hurt， stress or make you feel terrible． If you ever feel like you're being bullied， either phyically or verbally， the first thing is to tell the bully to stop． If this doesn't work，tell your parents or teachers about it． Luckily， school bullying has got great attention in many countries and laws are even passed to deal with it．However，to solve this problem，education should play an important role． Three parts including community， school and family should work together to help teenagers to grow up healthily and safely．"I was called short and fat in middle school， and I still feel bad whenever I hear those words，" a usercalled Minxin wrote on Sina Weibo．Anti﹣bullying（反凌辱） Actions around the WorldIn he Unind State， all the 50 states have their own anti﹣bullying laws．In the UK， schools ae requited by law to have anti﹣bullying policies in place．In Japan， an anti﹣bullying law asks each school to come up with basic rules to stop bullying．In China， an anti﹣bullying campaign in April started to improve anti﹣bullying knowledge and skills among students．（1）According to the report， what is the most common kind of bulling？（2）Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese．（3）Why does the writer talk of Mingxin's experience？（4）In the passage， the underlined word "this" refers to（指）．（5）If your school will have an activity to improve anti﹣bullying knowledge，what advice do you have？（One or two pieces are OK）九、词语运用（每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）用方框中所给单词成短语填空，使短文完整、通顺．方框中有两个词为多余项．18．（10分）as，who，tell，lose，child，successful，we，one，after，waste，stop，important It is not always easy to discover yourself． From a young age． I had a strong sense of who I would become but an accident changed everything．To me， skating was（1） than anything else in the world． Nothing else filled my heart with so much joy． I spent 24 hours a week developing my sills． I had no social life or other interests than skating． But I won the （2）place medals in nearly every competition．Unfortunately， during one competition， I fell and was badly injured， I （3） that I couldn' t skate anymore． The pain in my back was hard to bear and even basic daily tasks became difficult．My dream had been taken away． I（4） heart and had no idea whatI would become．（5） half a year of suffering， something had tochange． Instead of sitting around and wasting my days， I began to work with some people（6） make efforts on local community service projects． By volunteering as a swimming teacher and summer reading assistant for little （7）， I got an idea of who I wanted to become． After a few months，I found a new interest． Little by little， I stepped out of the shadow and rebuiltmy confidence（8）．Sometimes， challenges in life will get in（9）way． We can choose to stay behind or try to get past these challenges． My accident was a challenge that failed （10） me from reaching success． Today， I'm a very confident and optimistic（乐观的） person．五、书面表达（共 15 分）请将短文写在答题卡相应的位置上．19．（15分）家庭是人生的第一所学校，家长是孩子的第一任老师，要培育学生的优秀品质，家庭教化是不行少的一部分．因此某校开展了"家校共有"活动．该校围统"从父母身上学到的最重要的一种优秀品质（quality）"这一话题，对 100 名学生进行了抽样调查．请你用两段话写一篇短文，第一段简要说明图表内容，其次段谈谈你从父母那里学到的最重要的种品质，并就此共享你的一次经验．要求：1）词数不少于 80 词2）首句已给出，不计入总词数3）文中不得出现真实的人名、校名A school did a survey among 100 students about the most important quality they have learned from their parents． Here are the results．2024年山西省百校联考中考英语模拟试卷（一）参考答案与试题解析一、单项选择（每小题 1 分，共 10 分）1．【解答】依据句子的内容分析，可以揣测出这里边照看look after的对象应当是前面提到的小树．"tree"是可数名词，前面已经用了复数形式trees，而且在本句中做宾语，应当用宾格的形式，因此要用them来代替．故选：B．2．【解答】考查名词，courses课程，skill技术，技艺，piece片，条，依据句意，像剪纸这样的传统工艺．故选：B．3．【解答】so因此；or或者，还是；but但是，表示转折；此题依据语境：缘由总是会导致结果．__行动前最好三思．可知填因此．故选：A．4．【解答】考查形容词，special特别的，direct干脆的，proper合适的，得当的．依据句意在公共场合举止得当是特别重要的．故选：C．5．【解答】依据句意：社会实践活动激励学生在现实生活中运用所学学问．这能发展学生的学习爱好．结合选项，A．发展 B．收集 C．比较，选项A符合题意．故选：A．6．【解答】widely广泛的；suddenly突然地；probably可能，此题依据语境：当网上购物被﹣﹣﹣接受时，过度包装会导致太多的垃圾．可知填广泛的比较合适．故选：A．7．【解答】依据句意：﹣我认为约翰在我们学校树立了一个好榜样．﹣的确是这样．无论谁有麻烦，他总是尽他最大的努力去帮助．结合选项，A．处困难中B．在公共场合C．亲自．选项A符合题意．故选：A．8．【解答】care about关切，在乎，deal with处理，depend on依靠；结合句意"假如我们太依靠电脑，唯恐总有一天我们会遗忘怎么写汉字"可知，要用"依靠"，其它选项语意不通．故选：C．9．【解答】依据句意：﹣吉娜，你看起来更瘦了．有什么隐私？﹣首先，我比以前熬炼得更多了．结合选项，A．首先 B．结果 C．既然那样．选项A符合题意．故选：A．10．【解答】考查宾语从句，依据you can list the things you haven't understood yet and talk with your teachers可知连词用how，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，故选：A．二、补全对话（每小题 1 分，共 5 分）请依据对话内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使对话意思完整，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．选项中有两项为多余项．11．【解答】细微环节理解题1．F 对问句 what are you going to do for vacation？的回答，同时要联系下文 great changes have taken place in our country because of reform and opening﹣up（改革开放）． So I want to take a look．因为改革开放我们国家发生了巨大的变更，所以我想去看看，推断John是要在中国境内旅游．故选F．2．G 结合上句First I want to relax myself after a long﹣time work．在长时间的工作后我要放松一下，答句中yeah是赞同对方所说，即本句是对上句的补充说明，故选G．3．A 结合上下文，上文提到国家发生了巨大的变更，他想去看看，下句又是 I am so proud of our country我为我们的国家而傲慢，可见是同意对方的观点．故选A4．E 结合下文的回答I plan to join a group called Ride Bikes to Travel．我准备加入一个叫骑行去旅游的组织．推断上文的问句是你准备怎么去旅游．故选E．5．B 结合上下文，前面提到了要去旅游，下面答句又表示了感谢，故此推想是表达祝福，玩得快乐．故选B．三、完形填空（每小题 1 分，共 10 分）请阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从每小题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．12．【解答】1．C 形容词辨析．A光明的；B特别的；C一般的；依据下句It was a little bit sparkly（闪耀的）有点闪烁，应当是不像别的那么一般，故答案是C．2．A 动词辨析．A确定；B拒绝；C期盼；依据 The boy picked up the stone and （2）to polish it捡起来，应当是确定擦亮它，故答案是A．3．B 短语辨析．A大喊；B讪笑；C指；依据下句It isn't worth anything at all!" 一点也不值得，应当是讪笑他，故答案是B．4．B 疑问副词辨析．A何时；B为什么；C怎样；依据下句It isn't worth anything at all!" 一点也不值得，应当是问为什么，故答案是B．5．A 名词辨析．A休息；B便条；C照片；依据when they went out to play ， the boy would bring the stone with him， polishing it whenever they took前面说出去玩，都带着石头，应当是休息时就擦它，故答案是A．6．B 动词辨析．A打电话；B加入；C款待；依据the boy left his home to（6）his friends as usualy离开家像平常一样，应当是加入他的挚友们一起玩，故答案是B．7．C 名词辨析．A承诺；B选择；C惊喜；依据下句it was a beautiful diamond它是美丽的钻石，大家应当特别惊喜，故答案是C．8．A 副词辨析．A完全地；B简洁地；C清晰地；依据The boy stayed up all night，polishing it until it was（8）clean那男孩整夜不睡，应当是直到完全把它擦干净，故答案是A．9．C 形容词辨析．A放松的；B严峻的；C没有意义的；依据They will tell you that you're wasting your time on some（9）task他们会告知你你把时间奢侈在某项，应当是没有意义任务上，故答案是C．10．B 介词辨析．A反对；B朝着；C通过；依据 the best thing you can do is ignore them and continue to work（10）your goal．你能做的最好的事情就是忽视它们，接着努力，应当是朝着实现你的目标前进，故答案是B．四、阅读理解（这一部分共五篇短文，每篇短文后有五个题，每小题 2 分，共 50 分）请阅读下面短文，依据短文内容，从方框中所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺．13．【解答】1．D．推理推断题．从第一段可以看出习近平总书记在2024年新年讲话 I also feel that happiness is achieved through hard work．变得很流行可知happiness is achieved through hard work是年度热词．故选：D．2．F．细微环节理解题．从One of the biggest changes is a greater focus on traditional Chinese culture．这句话可知新课程标准更加注意了中国传统文化．故选：F3．A．细微环节理解题．由It was described as one of the "seven wonders of the modern world．港珠奥大桥被描述为当代世界七大奇迹之一．这句可知．故选：A．4．E．细微环节理解题．选项E是对On Nov． 11.2024． Wu set a new world record of39.505 seconds to complete the men's 500﹣meter race at the World Cup in the US．和He broke his own record of 39.584 seconds．2018年11月11日武大靖在美国世界杯500米短道速滑中创建了39.505秒的世界纪录．他打破了自己创建的39.584秒的记录这两句话的概括．故选E．5．B．细微环节理解题．由Paintings are art for the eyes． But the Palace Museum now has art for the ears as well．绘画是一种视觉艺术，但故宫有了用耳朵听的艺术，可知．故选：B．14．【解答】1．C 细微环节理解题，题目问正方观点中，哪一条没有被提及，依据正方的阐述， It shows that they love their children．这是父母爱他们的体现，They just want to share pictures of their kids recall their childhood他们只是想晒孩子们的照片去回忆他们的童年．故A、B都提及到了，C并未提及，故选C．2．A 词义揣测，联系上文but as they grow up， they might be upset about it． So parents should ask their kids for permission before doing that．当他们长大时，或许会为此感到担心，所以父母应当在晒照片之前征求孩子的……，揣测是同意或者许可．故选A．3．A 细微环节理解题，仔细查找原文中关于Qian Bosi 的观点，在文中最终一段阐述中，Parents should respect and protect their children's privacy（隐私）． Photos can show their children's faces，places they've been to and other information．It's not safe．Some people might use the photos for bad things． Parents should be more careful about this． And it's not good to share the photos without telling their children．父母应当敬重并爱护孩子的隐私．照片能看到他们的脸，他们去过的地方还有其他信息．这担心全．一些人可能会拿这些照片去做坏事．父母应当谨慎．在没有告知孩子的状况下晒照片是不好的．故选A4．C 细微环节理解题，题目问我们从反方观点中得出了什么，综合反方观点，反方认为父母应当敬重孩子的隐私，A并未提及，B太过肯定，原文是most kids don't want these photos to be shared online大多数孩子不想这些照片晒在网上，而不是全部．故选C 5．B 细微环节推理题，题目问综合全部观点，我们能得出什么结论，依据Of course，as the kids grow up， it's necessary to let them know before sharing their photos 当然，当他们长大时，晒照片之前有必要让他们知道．Though， I think it would be betterfor parents to talk with their kids about this when they start to go to school．然而，我觉得在他们已经起先上学时最好和他们谈谈这事．So parents should ask their kids for permission before doing that．所以父母应当那样做之前征求孩子的许可．And it's not good to share the photos without telling their children．没有告知孩子就晒照片不太好．几乎每一个人的观点后都提及了晒照片之前要与孩子沟通，故选B．15．【解答】细微环节理解题1．B 紧密联系上下文，上文提到Chinese President Xi Jinping took part in it中国主席习近平参与了会议，下文又提到He said he hopes people from China and Latin America can have a better cross﹣cultural understanding and learn from each other．他说他希望来自中国和拉丁美洲的人们多加强文化之间的理解与沟通．上下文都提到的是习近平，因此空格部分也与他亲密相关，也与文化有关系，他赞扬了拉丁美洲富有的文化，故选B．2．D 联系下文，依据It may come from the mix of different cultures这可能来自不同文化之间的融合．而Where does the magic in his book come from？书中的魔力究竟来自于哪儿呢？正好是对下文的提问，一问一答，紧密结合．故选D．3．E 联系上下文，Latin America's environment is quite diverse（多变的）． People can enjoy sunshine on the islands and ride horses in the green grasslands．拉丁美洲的自然环境多变，人们享受岛屿的阳光，在绿色的草原上骑马，下一句Many of the world's most unique plants and animals live there．世界上大多独有的植物和动物都生活在那儿，there指代哪一个地方前文并未提及，故判定与地点有关，本段主要介绍了自然环境，自然空格处也与自然相关，E选项意为它甚至拥有世界上最大的热带雨林﹣﹣亚马逊，与下文很多植物和动物都生活在那里相对应，故选E．4．F 结合下文，Latin American people have created different dance styles． Some are famous around the world like the samba， rumba， cha﹣cha and tango． There dance styles are cheerful and can bring strangers together．主要介绍了拉丁美洲不同的舞蹈形式．F是对整段内容的总结，放在句首，故选F．5．C 最终一段总结全文，结合下文，Its amazing natural environment， historical achievement and cultural traditions have made it special and influential它迷人的自然环境，历史成就和传统文化使得它独特、有影响力．C选项Latin America is an open and romantic place，拉丁美洲是一个开放并且浪漫的地方．与下文对应．故选C（D）请阅读下面短文，在下面的横线上填入与文章意思相符的内容，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上．64 小题所填不超过 8 个汉字，其余各小题每空一词．16．【解答】1．quickly 考查副词，依据Is there a way to quickly recall information just before taking an exam？ Walking backwards might be a solution．有没有一种快速记忆的方法？或许倒着走就是一个方法．故答案为quickly．2．healthy 考查形容词比较级，依据 Compared to walking forward， walking backward is more challenging． This can help us improve our health．与往前走相比，倒着走更具挑战性，这可以帮助我们提升健康，题目中用了比较级moer healthy更健康，故答案为healthy．3．reason 考查名词，This might be why many old people like walking backward．这或许就是为什么很多老年人喜爱倒着走．在题目中本句话被改成了一个定语从句why取代缘由，故答案为reason．4．千里之行始于足下．考查谚语，字面意思，最长的旅行都是从脚下每一步起先的，结合文意，依据下文Let's have a try now．我们现在就试试吧．故答案为千里之行始于足下．5．take a break 考查短语，依据If you are a beginner， take a few steps forward and then a few steps back． If you don't feel comfortable， take a break．假如是一个初学者，先往前走几步然后倒着走几步．假如你感到不舒适就休息一下．故答案为take a break．（E）阅读下面非连续性文本，按要求完成所给的任务，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上．17．【解答】1． Verbal bullying．细微环节理解题．依据第一段最终一句 But actually，verbal bullying is the most common kind of bullying， according to a report by Nanjing University．依据南京高校的报告，口头欺凌是最常见的一种欺凌．故答案是Verbal bullying．2．大多数父母不能仔细对待欺凌事务．翻译句子题．take sth． seriously 是肃穆仔细对待某事的意思．主语是大多数父母，故答案是大多数父母不能仔细对待欺凌事务．3． To show that school bullying may cause lifelong pain．推理推断题．作者举例是为了说明其次段的结论﹣﹣最终一句 It really hurts them， even causes lifelong pain．它真的会损害他们，甚至给他们造成终生的苦痛．故答案是 To show that school bullying may cause lifelong pain．4． Telling the bully to stop．词义推想题． this 是代词，指代前文中说过的一种应对欺凌的方式，依据前一句 the first thing is to tell the bully to stop．第一件事是告知欺凌者停止他们的行为．故答案是Telling the bully to stop．5． We should hold a class meeting．开放性问题，没有固定答案，意思和语法对即可．故答案是We should hold a class meeting．九、词语运用（每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）用方框中所给单词成短语填空，使短文完整、通顺．方框中有两个词为多余项．18．【解答】1． more important 考查比较级，依据上下文，结合选项可知句意：对我来说，滑冰比世界上其他事都重要．句中有than，要用比较级，故填 more important．2． first 考查序数词，依据上下文，结合选项可知句意：但是几乎每次竞赛我都赢得第一名的奖牌．one基数词，一， first序数词，第一，故填first．3． was told 考查被动语态，依据上下文，结合选项可知句意：不幸的是，在一次竞赛中，我摔倒了，受了重伤，我被告知不能再滑冰了．I 和tell是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态．故填was told．4．lost考查动词，依据上下文，结合选项可知句意：我失去了信念，不知道我会变成什么样子．依据语境用一般过去时，lose的过去式为lost，故填lost．5． After 考查介词，依据上下文，结合选项可知句意：在遭遇了半年的苦痛之后，有些事情不得不变更．after介词，在……之后，故填After．6． who 考查定语从句，依据上下文，结合选项可知句意：我没有苦痛地坐在那里消磨时间，我起先与一些致力于当地社区的人合作．本句为定语从句，先行词是people，关系词用who，故填who．7． children 考查名词，依据上下文，结合选项可知句意：通过为小孩志愿做游泳老师和暑期阅读助理，我知道了我将成为什么样的人．child小孩，其复数是children，故填children．8．successfully考查副词，依据上下文，结合选项可知句意：慢慢地，我走出了阴影，胜利地重建了我的信念．successful形容词，胜利的，successfully副词，用来修饰动词rebuilt ，故填successfully．9．our考查形容词性物主代词，get in one's way 挡某人的路，Sometimes， challenges in life will get in our way有时，生活中的挑战会阻碍我们前进．故填our．10．to stop考查动词不定式，依据上下文，结合选项可知句意：我的意外就是没能阻挡。
2022年百校联考一物理部分一、选择题（每小题3分，共30分）11.如图所示，是山西博物院的门票,上面印有山西博物院的镇馆之宝-晋侯鸟尊，根据图片信息估测门票中“鸟尊”图案的高度大约为（）A.3mmB.30cmC.3cmD.3m12.2021年12月9日，“神舟十三号”航天员乘组采取天地协同互动方式,将大家带人了生动的“天宫课堂”。
下列有关“天宫课堂”的分析正确的是（）A.讲课声是由物体振动产生的B.主要通过音调辨别不同航天员C.调大直播电视音量是改变音色D.航天员传授知识是利用声传递能量13.小明在“世界水日”制作了水循环海报,宣传节约用水。
下列有关说法正确的是（）A.烧水做饭时冒出的“白气”是水蒸气B.水蒸气上升遇冷放热会液化成雪花C.雪花下落放出热量会凝华成水D.积雪会吸收热量升华成水蒸气14.小明在社区开设的面包房参加社会实践活动，下列操作符合安全用电的是（）A.用千毛巾擦干手后关闭闸刀开关B.用湿抹布擦拭正在工作的电烤箱C.同一插板上同时使用4个电烤箱D.保险丝熔断后使用铁丝临时代替15.疫情防控期间，进人公共场所需要用手机给二维码拍照，像会呈在手机影像传感器上（如图所示）,然后凭“绿码’放行。
下列关于“手机扫码”的说法正确的是（）A.手机的镜头相当于一个凹透镜B.二维码应在镜头二倍焦距以外C.影像传感器上成正立、放大的虚像D.远离二维码时影像传感器上像变大16.“举杯邀明月,对影成三人。
”下列成语中的“影”与“对影成三人”中的“影”成因不同的是（）A.立竿见影B.杯弓蛇影C.形影相追D.形单影只17.如图所示,是山西省男子篮球队在某场比赛中的精彩画面。
篮球比赛中有关物理现象解释正确的是（）A.篮球在击地传球过程中运动状态不变B.篮球随手上升时双手对篮球不做功C.篮球离手后上升过程中动能保持不变D.篮球被投出后由于具有惯性继续运动18.如图所示,是公交车自动爆玻器,它利用电磁线圈在通电时产生一个冲击力,带动钨钢头击打车窗玻璃边角部位,达到击碎玻璃的目的。
2023年山西中考模拟百校联考试题及参考答案一、读·书（12分）1、鲁迅先生曾这样赞扬中国的书法艺术：“它不是诗却有诗的韵味，它不是画却有画的美感，它不是舞却有舞的节奏，它不是歌却有歌的旋律。
”请赏读下面四幅书法作品，找出对其评价恰当的两项。
（）（）（2分）A．作品【甲】是楷书，行云流水，飘逸舒展B．作品【乙】是篆书，笔法古朴，粗细均匀C．作品【丙】是草书，笔画简省，笔意连绵D．作品【丁】是隶书，字形扁阔，体势开张2、古诗文名篇寄寓着丰富的情思，蕴含着深刻的哲理，值得我们反复诵读、认真体会。
下面是小智同学在“我爱古诗文”阅读分享会上的发言稿，请带他补全空缺处的古诗文原句。
（10分）我爱古诗文，因为这里有情趣，有理想，有古人的情怀与哲思。
从诗文中，我读出了豪情壮志：“长风破浪会有时，____________”，抒发勇往直前的乐观精神；“____________，一览众山小”，蕴含登临绝顶的豪迈气概；“不畏浮云遮望眼，____________”，体现变法革新的政治理想。
从诗文中，我读出了家国忧思：“今天下三分，益州疲弊，____________”，是诸葛亮心系蜀国的忧心忡忡：“____________，心忧炭贱愿天寒”，是白居易悲天悯人的仁者情怀；“____________，____________”（《治秦淮》），是杜牧对达官贵人寻欢作乐的忧虑愤慨。
从诗文中，我还读出了深刻的哲理：“海日生残夜，____________”揭示了新旧更迭、季节交替的自然理趣；“____________，柳暗花明又一村”传递出困境中孕育着希望的人生思考；“野马也，尘埃也，____________”道出了天地万物皆有所依凭的客观规律。
二、读·思（38分）（一）春节是中华民族重要的传统节日，承载着国人的丰富情愫。
2023年寒假，学校举办了“欢庆新春佳节·传承优秀文化”线上联欢会。
【开场节目：送新春祝福】主持人辞暮尔尔，烟火年年。
