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Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsⅠ.单项填空1．(2013·湖北襄樊四中期末考试)A wellwritten composition ________ a good choice of words and clear organization among other things.A．calls on B．calls forC．calls up D．calls off解析：call for 需要。
call on 号召，拜访某人；call up 使回忆起；call off 取消。
答案：B2．(2013·济南外国语学校质检)The man who hit 9 people in a row had drunk so much that his mind could no longer ________ between fantasy and reality.A．distinguish B．discourageC．disturb D．disappear解析：distinguish区分。
句意：连续撞了九人的那位男人喝了如此多的酒以致于他的大脑不能再区分虚幻与现实。
答案：A3．(2013·武汉调研)When it comes to secondhand cars, one has to be as ________ as possible about the source and the condition of them.A．cautious B．patientC．urgent D．casual解析：cautious 小心的，谨慎的。
句意：当谈及二手车时，你要尽可能对它的来源和状况小心。
patient 耐心的；urgent 紧急的；casual 随便的。
答案：A4．The rescuers ________ to work as soon as they arrived at the spot of the accident.A．set out B．set offC．set up D．set in解析：考查词组辨析。
Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsⅠ.阅读理解AEarly one morning, more than a hundred years ago, an American inventor called Elias Howe finally fell asleep. He had been working all night on the design of a sewing machine but he had run into a very difficult problem: It seemed impossible to get the thread to run around the needle without any problems.Though he was tired, Howe slept badly. He turned and turned. Then he had a dream. He dreamt that he had been caught by terrible savages whose king wanted to kill him and eat him unless he could build a perfect sewing machine. When he tried to do so, Howe ran into the same problem as before. The thread kept getting caught around the needle. The king flew into the cage and ordered his soldiers to kill Howe. They came up towards him with their spears raised. But suddenly the inventor noticed something. There was a hole in the tip of each spear. The inventor awoke from the dream, realizing that he had just found the answer to the problem. Instead of trying to get the thread to run around the needle, he should make it run through a small hole in the center of the needle. This was the simple idea that finally made Howe design and build the first really practical sewing machine.Elias Howe was not the only one in finding the answer to his problem in this way. Thomas Edison, the inventor of the electric light, said his best ideas came into him in dreams. So did the great physicist Albert Einstein. Charlotte Bronte also drew in her dreams in writing Jane Eyre.To know the value of dreams, you have to understand what happens when you are asleep. Even then, a part of your mind is still working. This unconscious (无意识的), but still active part understands your experiences and goes to work on the problems you have had during the day. It stores all sorts of information that you may have forgotten or never have really noticed. It is only when you fall asleep that this part of the brain can send messages to the part you use when you are awake. However, the unconscious part acts in a special way. It uses strange images which the conscious part may not understand at first. This is why dreams are sometimes called “secret messages to us”．篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。
话题38 创造家与创造〔Unit 3 Inventors and inventions〕晨读背诵根底知识自测一、单词拓展(A)根据音标及词义写出英文单词｡1.distinguish [dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ] vi. & vt.显示……差异;使……有所不同;区分2.merciful [ˈmɜːsɪfʊl] adj.宽大;仁慈;慈悲→mercy [ˈmɜːsɪ] n.宽大;仁慈3.product [ˈprɒdʌkt] n.产品4.abrupt [əˈbrʌpt] adj.突然;意外→abruptly [ә'brʌptlɪ] adv.突然地,唐突地5.convenient [kənˈviːnɪənt] adj.便利,方便,就近→convenience [kənˈviːnɪəns] n.方便,便利→conveniently [kənˈviːnɪəntlɪ]adv.便利地,方便地6.caution [ˈkɔ:ʃən] n.小心,慎重→cautious [ˈkɔ:ʃəs] adj.小心,慎重→cautiously[ˈkɔ:ʃəslɪ] adv.小心地,慎重地7.passive [ˈpæsɪv] adj.被动;消极;被动语态8.seize [si:z] vt.抓住;捉住;夺9.file [faɪl] n.文件;档案;文件夹vt.提交;将……归档10.freezing [friːzɪŋ] adj.冰冻;严寒→freeze [friːz] v.冰冻11.innocent [ˈɪnəsənt] adj.清白;无罪;天真→innocence [ˈɪnəsəns] n.天真,清白12.bear [beə(r)] vt.忍受;忍耐;负担13.tap [tæp] vt.轻打;轻拍;轻敲n.轻轻地敲击(声);(水)龙头14.current [ˈkʌrənt] n.(水或气)流;电流adj.现在;当前15.stable [ˈsteɪb(ə)l] adj.稳固;稳定;安定16.associate [əˈsəʊʃɪeɪt] vt.联想;联系n.同伴,伙伴17.practical [ˈpræktɪk(ə)l] adj.实际;实践;实用18 petence [ˈkɒmpətəns] n.能力;胜任;本领(B)单词活用用所给词正确形式填空｡1. I’m sorry, but I don’t know there is an abrupt ( abruptly)change of plan.2. As expected (expect), the sales manager gave in his notice at work today.3. We should try our best to put the enemy in a passive ( passive) position.4. As we all know, newspapers influence the current ( currently) of thought.5. I have heard two versions (version) of the accident.6．It’s freezing (freeze) outside. You’d better put on more clothes. 7．Your invention is ingenious, but not very practical (practice).8．I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience (convenient)．二、短语互译及运用(A)短语互译1.call up 给……打2.now and then 偶尔;有时3.set about 开场;着手4.dive into 迅速把手伸入;一心投入5.set out (to do) 开场(做)6.hang on 不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住7.out of order 次序颠倒;发生故障8.get through 设法联系上(尤指打通);(设法)做完;通过9.ring back 回复10.ring off 挂断(B)灵活运用选择以上恰当词组填空｡1. The poor girl has gone through such a lot since her parents died.2. Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off.3. These old photos called up childhood memories.4. I set out to knit(编织) a sweater but in the end it became a vest.5. He's not in; why don't you ring back after 6 o'clock6. He takes my sister out to the theatre now and then.7. My clock is out of order and waked me up at 3 this morning.三、课文语法填空When I called up my mother in the countryside 1 the telephone she was upset. There were some snakes in the courtyard 2 came near the house now and then. I think here was a chance for me to distinguish 3 by inventing something to catch the snakes 4 I set about working on some approaches. Finally I came up with an easy 5 convenient way: I put a bowl with some ice-cubes in it 6 the snakes’ habitat to make them sleepy, then I used a small net 7 (collect) the passive snakes and the next day I merrily released them all back 8 the wild. I was satisfied with my invention that I decided to seize the opportunity to apply 9 a patent. So I sent my invention to the patent office to get recognition. And 10 after I have had the recognition can I say that I am truly an inventor.【答案】1. on 2. which/ that 3. myself 4. so 5. and 6. over 7. to collect 8. into 9. for 10. only重点词汇精讲精练1. distinguish vt.区分；识别；〔常与from, between连用〕区别；区分背诵The man distinguishes himself by his wisdom这个人因智慧而扬名。
毛额市鹌鹑阳光实验学校Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsⅠ.单词拼写1．It was hard to________(辨别) one twin from the other.2．He ate a light lunch in________(期望)of a good dinner.3．They chatted________(愉快地)．4．In this resort, you can enjoy all the comfort and________(便利) of modern tourism.5．He________(拨) the number and waited.6．Ralph________(轻拍) me on the shoulder.7．This ladder doesn't seem very________(稳固的)．8．The train came to an________(突然的) stop, making many passengers fall off their seats.9．Every________(文件)on the same desk must have a different name.10．The packet of white________(粉末)the police found in his room turned out to be cocaine.答案：1. distinguish 2. expectation 3. merrily4. convenience5. dialled6. tapped7. stable8. abrupt 9. file 10. powerⅡ.完成句子1．The beggar________ ________(把手迅速伸入) his pocket and took out several coins.2．Finally the operator________ ________ ________(给我接通) to Mr. Smith.3．I will________ ________ ________(给你打电话) tomorrow morning.4．The teacher was angry with Tom because he looked out of the window________ ________ ________(时不时地)．5．He________ ________(挂断) before I could ask his name.6．The machine is________ ________ ________(发生故障). I have to have it repaired.7．If you________ ________(稍等) for a while，I will go and see if I can find your mother.8．It seems that he________ ________(开始)to clean his bedroom.9．It was late in 2008 that he________ ________(开始)shooting the film.10．The boy told his parents that he would go to school but________ ________(事实上) he didn't.答案： 1. dived into 2. got me through 3. call you up4. now and then5. rang off6. out of order7. hang on8. sets out 9. set about 10. in truthⅢ.单项填空1．—Hello. May I speak to Bill, please?—________.A．Bill speakingB．I'm BillC．You are speaking to BillD．I'm speaking答案：A 考查交际用语。
Unit 3 Inventors and inventions一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．patent n．专利证书；专利权2．courtyard n. 院子；庭院；天井3．walnut n. 胡桃；胡桃木4．powder n. 粉末；火药5．perfume n. 香水；香味[第二屏听写]6．version n．版本；译本7．extension n. 分机；扩大；延伸8．triangle n. 三角形；三角形物体9．criterion n．(pl.criteria) (评判的)标准；尺度10．string n. 线；绳子；一串11．glue n. 胶；胶水vt. 粘贴；粘合[第三屏听写] 12．greengrocer n．蔬菜水果商(pl.) 蔬菜水果店13．refrigerator n. 冰箱14．jam n. 堵塞；阻塞；果酱15．microphone n. 麦克风；话筒16．multiple adj. 多种的；多样的；多类型的n. 倍数[第四屏听写]17．dynamic adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的；发展变化的18．personnel n. 人力资源；人事部；全体人员19．helicopter n. 直升飞机20．cube n. 立方体；立方21．cubic adj. 立方的Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第五屏听写] 1．distinguish vi.&vt.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别2．merciful_ adj. 宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的3．product n. 产品4．abrupt adj. 突然的；意外的5．abruptly adv. 突然地；唐突地[第六屏听写] 6．convenient adj. 便利的；方便的；就近的7．caution n. 小心；谨慎8．expectation n. 预料；期待；期望9．passive adj. 被动的；消极的；被动语态的10．merry adj. 愉快的；高兴的[第七屏听写] 11．merrily adv. 高兴地；愉快地12．seize vt. 抓住；捉住；夺13．recognition n. 认出；认可；承认14．claim n．& vt. 要求；声称；主X15．file n. 文件；档案；文件夹vt. 提交；将……归档[第八屏听写] 16．petence n．能力；胜任；本领17．valid adj. 有效的；确凿的18．ripe adj. 熟的；成熟的19．freezing adj. 冰冻的；严寒的20．identification n. 鉴定；辨认；确定；某某明[第九屏听写]21．dial vt. 拨()22．rainfall_ n. 降雨23．innocent adj. 清白的；无罪的；天真的24．bear vt. 忍受；忍耐；负担25．forehead n. 额头26．occasionally adv. 偶然地；不时地[第十屏听写] 27．tap vt.&vi. 轻打；轻拍；轻敲n. 轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头28．current n. (水或气)流；电流adj. 现在的；当前的29．stable adj. 稳固的；稳定的；安定的30．invaluable adj. 无价的；极宝贵的31．associate vt. 联想；联系n. 同伴；伙伴[第十一屏听写] 32．practical_ adj. 实际的；实践的；实用的33．directory n. 簿；商行名录34．dive_into迅速把手伸入；一心投入35．set_out_(to_do)_ 开始(做)36．call_up给……打37．now_and_then偶尔；有时38．set_about开始；着手[第十二屏听写] 39．hang_on_ 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住40．out_of_order_ 次序颠倒；发生故障41．get_through设法联系上(尤指打通)；(设法)做完；通过42．ring_back回复43．ring_off_ 挂断二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高⇩积得多(平时多输入，用时顺手出)(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高⇩积得多(平时多输入，用时顺手出)(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高考点新组合阅读微技能To be a true inventorCan you distinguish discovery andinvention? A discovery is said to be an accident meeting a prepared mind ________❶ invention is something one finds that did not exist before.As we know, inventors often associate their new ideas ________❷their new inventions.e on, and you can also invent your new things just like Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Edison❸.1.①处可填入的词为while，表示前后对比，意为“而〞。
Unit 3Inventors and inventions1．achieve v t.__达到；取得__2．ambitious adj.__有雄心壮志的__3．birthplace n．__出生地；故乡__4．__confident__ adj.自信的5．creative adj.__富有创造力的__6．be enthusiastic __about__对……热心7．make efforts __to do__ sth.努力做某事8．regard...as...__认为……是……__9．make great __contributions__ to对……做出巨大贡献10．__set__ a good example __to__为……做出好榜样11．be honored as__被誉为……__12．be fond of/keen on...__喜欢……__13．be skilled __in__ sth.在……方面熟练14．develop an interest in__在……方面发展兴趣__15．cause wide public concern__引起公众的广泛关注__1．The first computer was brought into the world by Vannevar Bush in 1931. __From then on__，it has __enriched__ people's whole life.第一台电脑是在1931年被范内瓦·布什发明的，从那时起，它丰富了人们的整体生活。
2．Their inventions __have contributed to__ the development of the whole society.他们的发明促进了整个社会的发展。
3．He __is considered as__ a creative scientist and people __show great respect to__ him.作为一位极具创造力的科学家，人们非常尊重他。
闪堕市安歇阳光实验学校Unit 3 Inventors and inventions课前10分钟概括大意Nor does flu only spread through the air.Say someone covers a sneeze with his or her hand，then touches a doorknob or subway pole.If you touch that spot next and then put germy hands on your nose or mouth，you’ve been exposed.It’s harder to rub your nose while wearing a mask and so your face may get pretty sweaty under masks.You reach under to wipe that sweat，and may transfer germs caught on the outside of themask straight to the nose.These are the problems face masks may create for their users.此段落的大意是：__________________________________________________ Danger of infection through germy hands and masks.漫画欣赏画面描述Two people，father and son，are talking with each other.The boy，standing on the ground，is looking up at his father，slightly scared，while his father，seated on a big Chinese character “fu”，meaning “father”，is shouting at his son.寓意理解In our society，father and son are not in equal positions.Fathers simply tell their sons what to do and what not to do rather than listen patiently.Sons have few chances to share their own ideas or open up to their fathers.They often look up to their fathers withrespect，fearing that they might not live up to their fathers’ expectations.你能否对此加以扩展，写一篇120词左右的小短文？课堂双基回归Ⅰ.词义辨析1．People who can’t ________ between colors are said to be colorblind.A．accumulate B．monitor C．undertake D．distinguish 2．An ________ change in the weather resulted in the breakout offlu.A．abrupt B．absurd C．optional D．elegantDA3．We thought Mary would pass and John would fail，butcontrary to ________ it was the other way round.A．application B．descriptionC．expectation D．regulation4．British Aerospace has built a scanner that ________ damageto the ozone(臭氧) layer.A．purchases B．monitors C．declares D．accompanies 5．The cheque is not ________ if it is not signed by the finance director.A．valid B．stable C．passive D．abrupt6．The ________ of new scientific discoveries to industrialproduction methods usually makes jobs easier to do.A．operation B．appreciationC．conservation D．applicationCBAD7．Would it be ________ for you to pick me up at four o’clockand take me to the airport?A．apparent B．vacant C．handy D．convenient 8．Television is such a means that it keeps us informed about________ events.A．opposite B．theoretical C．current D．clumsy 9．Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without bigchanges in temperature，thus creating a ________environment.A．peaceful B．sensitive C．common D．stable 10．When we plan our vacation，mother often offers ________suggestions.A．current B．practical C．effective D．acceptableDCDBⅡ.短语填空call up；set about；in case；hang on；out of order；diveinto；get through；ring off；fill in；a matter of1．We _________ a coffee shop to avoid the rain.2．I’m sorry，but I’ve to ________ now.I have a train to catch. 3．They have sent us another form to ________.4．Planning a project is just ____________ working out the right order to do things in.5．I dialed several times，but I just couldn’t ___________. 6．He was overlooked when they ________ choosing a newmanager.7．________ at your present job until you can get another.dived intoring offfill ina matter ofget throughset aboutHang on8．My clock was ____________ and waked me up at 3 thismorning.9．The smell of the sea ________ happy memories of my youth. 10．You’d better write the telephone number down ________ you forget.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Between the outside and inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly，________________________________ (这些果冻冷却后会冻结)．(cool)2．Follow it up，explore all around it，and ________________ (不知不觉中)，you will have something worth thinkingabout to occupy your mind.(know)out of ordercalled upin casewhich freezes hard when cooledbefore you know it3．________________(由于非常稳定)，it has proved invaluable in the design of bridges.(stable)Ⅳ.单项填空1．Only after you have had that recognition ________ that youare truly an inventor.A．can you say B．you can say C．say you D．can say you 2．________ with some research findings，I decided on threepossible approaches.A．Preparing B．Having preparedC．Prepared D．To prepareBeing very stableAC3．But ________ carefully，the snakes proved to be no troubleand all went according to plan.A．monitoring B．to monitor C．being monitored D．Monitored4．It was this exploring around problems that led to his mostfamous invention—________ telephone in 1876.A．the B．a C．/ D．one 5．The patent was given in 1876，but it was not until five days later ________ Bell sent the first telephone message to his assistant，Watson.A．when B．that C．on which D．sinceDAB知识要点整合核心词汇梳理1．distinguish v.区别；辨别At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong?儿童到什么年龄才能明辨是非？What was it that distinguished her from her classmates？是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢？The male bird is distinguished from the female by its red beak.雄鸟喙呈红色，有别于雌鸟。
