the_trial_that_rocked_the_world_背景介绍

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• 约翰斯各普斯打网球时，一些商人叫他去镇上聚会场所，罗宾逊的药店。他们问他是否愿意因为教授进化论被起诉。斯各普斯赞同进化论，并同意该计划。虽然他记不清是否教授了进化论，但他在法庭说他讲了而且还会再讲。
• 可是在1960年，斯各普斯重访小镇。他坦白说，他其实并没有资格成为“被告”。他是生物教师，可也兼教体育。为了让学生多练球，他自作主张跳掉了许多课，结果，进化论也就跳过去了。他根本就没有讲授过进化论。可是，谁也不认为这是重要的。斯各普斯和那个《布特勒法》一样，只是一个象征。
• . 在最耸人听闻的审判日，克伦斯达罗精彩审问作为一个圣经专家的威廉詹宁斯布莱恩，斯各普斯则为自己的审判当记者-填补了离开小镇的记者！从7月13日到7月21日，审判历时8 天。最终，陪审团却只花了9分钟就得出了确认被告斯各普斯违法的结论，斯各普斯被判罚100美元。
陪审团
• 在过去，陪审员由警长挑选，达罗对此提出了抗议，要求采用抽签的方式。这一点倒被法官接受了，由法官的女儿抽出了十二名陪审员，其中一名是教堂成员，有十名是未受过多少教育的农民。而且，在审判过程中，法官都不允许陪审员听取被告证人的证词。可以说，这场官司还没打，进化论这方就已输定了。
• 审判迅速成为媒体焦点。克伦斯达罗给约翰斯各普斯做辩护律师，美国最有名的刑事律师。著名的政治家和反进化论者，威廉*詹宁斯*布莱恩，主动协助起诉。各州的学者名流、新闻记者云集小镇。人类历史上首次采用电子通讯（收音机）现场直播审判过程
• The trial began on July 10, 1925. "The town was filled with men and women who considered the case a duel to the death," John Scopes later wrote. "Everything I did was likely to be noted.“But over the next two weeks nobody paid much attention to the defendant. Attorneys for both sides hogged the spotlight in the overheaal

The Trail That Rocked the World

• 1925年的炎炎夏日，“猴子审判”在戴顿开审。各州的学者名流、新闻记者云集小镇。人类历史上首次采用电子通讯（收音机）现场直播审判过程。前国务卿布莱恩亲自担任检方律师。芝加哥著名律师师克伦斯•达罗（Clarence Darrow）则在 ACLU的支持下为斯科普辩护。
• 审理经过：ACLU原本打算反对巴特勒法案的理由是：“它违反了教师的个人权利和学术自由，因此违宪。”但达罗将这一策略改变为：“圣经” 对人类起源的描述与演化论并不冲突。为了支持这种观点，辩护方请到了八个进化专家，但除了麦纳德· 梅特卡夫以外，法官并未允许他们出庭作证，仅仅允许他们向法庭提交书面的证言。作为回应，达罗尖刻地讽刺了法官劳尔斯顿，指出他偏向于同意原告的请求，但第二天他为此做出了道歉，以避免被裁决为蔑视法庭。[9]
• 法官劳尔斯顿被指责严重偏向控方，且经常与达罗发生冲突。他在审判开始时引述了圣经中的创世记和巴特勒法案。他还警告陪审团不要依照法律的合理性来做出决定，而应关注“违反巴特勒法案”这件事本身。审判的后期阶段，达罗在很大程度上已经放弃了ACLU的原始策略，并开始只有到审判的最后，达罗才回到原来的辩护，即巴特勒法案违宪。
1925年24岁的斯各普斯从肯尼亚大学毕业，任田纳西州代顿镇中学生物老师。他由于教授达尔文的进化论而受到指控。
作为当年那次审判的当事人，他写的本文以纪念当年的审判经过。由于神创论的支持者把进化论歪曲成“人是猴子变来的”，这次审判又被人们称为“猴子审判”
Clarence Darrow
Clarence Seward Darrow (April 18, 1857 – March 13, 1938) was an American lawyer and leading member of the American Civil Liberties Union

The Trial That Rocked the World高级英语第三版第一册第四课翻译和词汇

Lesson 4 The Trial That Rocked the World震撼世界的审判A buzz ran through the crowd as I took my place in the packed court on that sweltering July day in 1925. The counsel for my defence was the famous criminal lawyer Clarence Darrow. Leading counsel for the prosecution was William Jennings Bryan, the silver-tongued orator , three times Democratic nominee for President of the United States, and leader of the fundamentalist movement that had brought about my trial.在一九二五年七月的那个酷热日子里，当我在挤得水泄不通的法庭里就位时，人群中响起一阵嘁嘁喳喳的议论声。

我的辩护人是著名刑事辩护律师克拉伦斯.达罗。

担任主控官的则是能说会道的演说家威廉.詹宁斯.布莱恩，他曾三次被民主党提名为美国总统候选人，而且还是导致我这次受审的基督教原教旨主义运动的领导人。

A few weeks before I had been an unknown school-teacher in Dayton, a little town in the mountains of Tennessee. Now I was involved in a trial reported the world over. Seated in court, ready to testify on my behalf, were a dozen distinguished professors and scientists, led by Professor Kirtley Mather of Harvard University. More than 100 reporters were on hand, and even radio announcer s, who for the first time in history were to broadcast a jury trial. "Don't worry, son, we'll show them a few tricks," Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open.几个星期之前，我还只是田纳西州山区小镇戴顿的一名默默无闻的中学教员，而现在我却成了一次举世瞩目的庭审活动的当事人。

《高级英语》中的修辞论析——以“The Trial That Rocked the World”为例

2017年4月第36卷第4期黑龙江教育学院学报Journal of Heilongjiang College of EducationApr. 2017Vol. 36 No.4doi：10. 3969/j.issn.1001-7836. 2017.04.038《高级英语》中的修辞论析-------以“T h e T ria l T h at R o c k e d the W o rld”为例吴旻昊(无锡太湖学院外国语学院，江苏无锡214174)摘要：以张汉熙主编的外语教学与研究出版社出版的《高级英语》（第三版）第一册第四课“The Trial That Rocked the World”一文为例，通过分析文中出现的十五种修辞手段，分别从音韵修辞、语义修辞和结构修辞三个方面进行论述，阐明修辞教学在《高级英语》教学过程中的必要性，以期提高英语专业高年级学生的篇章阅读鉴赏能力和写作能力。

关键词：高级英语;修辞；“The Trial That Rocked the World”中图分类号:H314 文献标志码:A文章编号=1001-7836(2017)04如2-03引言根据《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》（000版），《高级英语》是一门训练学生综合英语技能尤其是阅读理解、语法修辞与写作能力的课程。

课程通过阅读和分析内容广泛的材料,包括涉及政治、经济、社会、语言、文学、教育、哲学等方面的名家作品，扩大学生的知识面,加深学生对社会和人生的麵,培养学生对名篇的分析和欣赏能力、逻辑思维与独立思考的能力，巩固和提高学生英语语言技能。

《高级英语》课程的教学离不开修辞的教学，以张汉熙主编的外语教学与研究出版社出版的《高级英语》（第三版）第一册为例，计15个单元，在每篇文章中少则有五种不同的修辞（如第一课“Face to Face with Hurricane Camille”），多则达十五种（如第四课“The Trial That Rocked the World”。

The Trial that Rocked the Worldrhetorical device 高英讲课讲稿

reassuring属于描写人的表述词语，移来描写人体的一部分，说明某种行为动作，使之带上人的情感。
Darrow walked slowly round the baking court (Para. 14)
达罗绕着那气氛紧张、异常闷热的法庭踱着步。 baking本来是指烤面包，所以作者在此移来说明另一具体事物court，描述法庭在审理这场震惊世界的审判时紧张而闷热的气氛。
贫穷的富人
千言万语的沉默
• cold pleasant manner
past participle → adj.
Байду номын сангаас
冷淡热情的态度
long-lived death永生的 • bad good news 坏的好消
死亡
息
adv. + adj.
a wisely stupid idea 自作聪明的傻主意
a mercifully fatal blow 仁慈的致命打击
Transferred epithet is a figure of speech where an epithet (an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from noun it should rightly modify to another to which it does not really belong.
throwing a reassuring arm round
my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open. (Para. 2)
就在我们静候着法庭开审的时候，达罗关切地搂住我的肩膀低声安慰道：“别担心，孩子，我们会给他们点厉害瞧瞧。”

TheTrialThatRockedtheWorld高级英语第三版第一册第四课翻译和词汇

Lesson‎4 The Trial That Rocked‎the World震撼世界的审‎判A buzz ran throug‎h the crowd as I took my place in the packed‎court on that swelte‎r ing July day in 1925. The counse‎l for my defenc‎e was the famous‎crimin‎a l lawyer‎Claren‎c e Darrow‎.Leadin‎g counse‎l for the prosec‎u tion was Willia‎m Jennin‎g s Bryan, the silver‎-tongue‎d orator‎, three times Democr‎a tic nomine‎e for Presid‎e nt of the United‎States‎,and leader‎of the fundam‎e ntali‎s t moveme‎n t that had brough‎t about my trial.在一九二五年‎七月的那个酷‎热日子里，当我在挤得水‎泄不通的法庭‎里就位时，人群中响起一‎阵嘁嘁喳喳的‎议论声。

我的辩护人是‎著名刑事辩护‎律师克拉伦斯‎.达罗。

担任主控官的‎则是能说会道‎的演说家威廉‎.詹宁斯.布莱恩，他曾三次被民‎主党提名为美‎国总统候选人‎，而且还是导致‎我这次受审的‎基督教原教旨‎主义运动的领‎导人。

A few weeks before‎I had been an unknow‎n school‎-teache‎r in Dayton‎, a little‎town in the mounta‎i ns of Tennes‎s ee. Now I was involv‎e d in a trial report‎e d the world over. Seated‎in court, ready to testif‎y on my behalf‎,were a dozen distin‎g uishe‎d profes‎s ors and scient‎i sts, led by Profes‎s or Kirtle‎y Mather‎of Harvar‎d Univer‎s ity. More than 100 report‎e rs were on hand, and even radio announ‎c er s, who for the first time in histor‎y were to broadc‎a st a jury trial. "Don't worry, son, we'll show them a few tricks‎," Darrow‎had whispe‎r ed throwi‎n g a reassu‎r ing arm round my should‎e r as we were waitin‎g for the court to open.几个星期之前‎，我还只是田纳‎西州山区小镇‎戴顿的一名默‎默无闻的中学‎教员，而现在我却成‎了一次举世瞩‎目的庭审活动‎的当事人。

高英课文 the trial that rock the world背景及美国司法体制介绍

Good morning, ladies and gentimen .Thank you very much for your participation in this presentation .Today’s presentation mainly deal with our text book ,lessonten__The trial that rocked the world .First, let us have a look at the author John Scopes.This article is written by John Thomas Scopes (August 3, 1900 – October 21, 1970).John Scopes (1900~1970) came to Tennessee fresh out of college. In the spring of 1925, he had just completed his first year as science teacher and part-time football coach at the high school in the little town of Dayton. In that year of 1925, he violated a state law by teaching the theory of evolution in a Tennessee high school. 约翰斯各普斯(1900-1970)1925年24岁的斯各普斯从肯尼亚大学毕业，任田纳西州代顿镇中学的生物老师和橄榄球队教练。

1925年他由于教授达尔文的进化论而受到指控The trial began on July 10, 1925 and ended with Scopes guilty and $100 fine 。

高级英语1课文超级详解 unit4 the trial that rocked the world

现在分词短语，修饰 stands，做后置定语句子主干后置定语，修饰the streets
MEANING: the shaky stands ,which appeared suddenly in the streets around the three-storey red brick law court, sold hot dogs ,religious books and watermelons.
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In a trial In which religion played a key role, Darrow was an agnostic , Malone a catholic and hays a Jew. 省略句：承前省略此处暗指由于各自的宗教信仰都不一样，以达罗为代表的被告方的律师们的思想更加开明和客观。 was
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省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰 the time
By the time the trial began on July 10, our town of 1,500 people had taken on a circus atmosphere. 复合句意思：7月10日审判开始时，我们这个句子主干拥有1500人口的小镇上呈现出一派看马戏般的热闹气氛。
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The words of paragraph 11
magnetic: adj. 地磁的；有磁性的；有吸引力的 scholarly: adj. 博学的；学者风度的 steeped:沉浸于… agnostic: n. 不可知论者

高英课文 the trial that rock the world背景及美国司法体制介绍

1925年他由于教授达尔文的进化论而受到指控The trial began on July 10, 1925 and ended with Scopes guilty and $100 fine 。

词汇高级英语The_Trial_that_Rocked_the_World

nominee
精品课件
6. the fundamentalist movement :
a militantly conservative and fanatically religious American Protestant movement that began in the early 20th century; it holds that the Bible is a verbally accurate recording of the word of God, and was strong in parts of the U.S., especially in the South, at that time.
Day 2: calling witnesses
Bryan: “The Christian believes that man came from above... The evolutionist believes…”
Judge ruled against permitting the scientists to testify for the defence.
Lesson 4
The Trial That Rocked the
World
精品课件
Structural Analysis
Part 1: A buzz ran ... his views
the setting of the scene
Part 2: By the time ... for an oil company the trial itself
精品课件
hold a trial to challenge the law.
7. testify (against, for, to):

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• John Thomas Scopes came to Tennessee fresh out of college. In the spring of 1925, he had just completed his first year as science teacher and part-time football coach at the high school in the little town of Dayton.
• 1925年的炎炎夏日，‚猴子审判‛ 在代顿开审。小镇里挤满了重视这次审判的男男女女。约翰斯各普斯后来写道：我的一举一动都被注视着。但在未来两个星期却没有人重视被告。双方的辩护律师成为了焦点。约翰斯各普斯被利用了，但是他完全愿意被利用。
• On the most sensational day of the trial, when Clarence Darrow interrogated William Jennings Bryan as an expert on the Bible, Scopes actually became a reporter for his own trial-filling in for a journalist who had left town! • The trial ended in a conviction. The judge imposed a fine of $100 and John Scopes spoke for the first time. "Your honor," he said, "I feel that I have been convicted of violating an unjust statute. I will continue in the future, as I have in the past, to oppose this law in any way I can."
THE INTRODUCTION OF THE BUTLER LAW • 《布特勒法》1921年，布莱恩发起了‚反对在公立学校讲授进化论‛运动。经过四年努力，布赖恩及其追随者获得了成功。1925年，禁止在公立学校教授‚任何否定圣经创世说而代之以人类由低等动物进化而成‛的法案被田纳西州议会通过。这一法案史称《布特勒法》 • 1967年，田纳西州取消了《布特勒法》；1968 年，美国联邦最高法院判定所有类似的反进化论立法为违宪，而这个案子涉及的许多重大议题，直至今天，也还没有完全解决。这不是一句‚科学反愚昧‛，就能一言而概之的。
The Scopes Trial
•本文的作者约翰托马斯各普斯。他是田纳西州代顿的一名老师，24岁. 1925年5月25 号被告违反田纳西州的《布特勒法》，禁止在田纳西州学校教授进化论。这个案件称为The Scopes Trial。
• The author makes efforts to portray the utterly different figures of two counsels, describes the different spectators' actions when they were in the court. And the author uses many rhetorical devices to give us a famous and lively trial in U.S history.
• 审判迅速成为媒体焦点。克伦斯达罗给约翰斯各普斯做辩护律师，美国最有名的刑事律师。著名的政治家和反进化论者，威廉*詹宁斯*布莱恩，主动协助起诉。各州的学者名流、新闻记者云集小镇。人类历史上首次采用电子通讯（收音机）现场直播审判过程
• The trial began on July 10, 1925. "The town was filled with men and women who considered the case a duel to the death," John Scopes later wrote. "Everything I did was likely to be noted.“But over the next two weeks nobody paid much attention to the defendant. Attorneys for both sides hogged the spotlight in the overheated courtroom.
• 约翰斯各普斯打网球时，一些商人叫他去镇上聚会场所，罗宾逊的药店。他们问他是否愿意因为教授进化论被起诉。斯各普斯赞同进化论，并同意该计划。虽然他记不清是否教授了进化论，但他在法庭说他讲了而且还会再讲。
• 可是在1960年，斯各普斯重访小镇。他坦白说，他其实并没有资格成为‚被告‛。他是生物教师，可也兼教体育。为了让学生多练球，他自作主张跳掉了许多课，结果，进化论也就跳过去了。他根本就没有讲授过进化论。可是，谁也不认为这是重要的。斯各普斯和那个《布特勒法》一样，只是一个象征。
• 约翰斯各普斯刚从大学毕业来到田纳西州。1925年的春天，是他在代顿高中任生物老师和橄榄球队教练的一整年。在斯各普斯计划返回肯塔基州的夏季。但是 ‚一个美丽的金发女郎‛使他分心，他又多呆了一个星期。这一决定永远的改变了他的人生。
• It all began when the state of Tennessee passed a law making it a crime to teach evolution in public schools. A new organization called the American Civil Liberties Union responded immediately. The ACLU placed an ad inviting a teacher to help test the law in the courts. Dayton was in an economic slump, and the town's movers and shakers thought a sensational trial would put Dayton "on the map."
• Scopes planned to return home to Kentucky for the summer. But in his words, "a beautiful blonde" distracted him and he stayed for another week hoping for a date. The decision changed his life forever.
• In the words of historian Kevin Tierney, "Scopes was being used. He was completely willing to be used. But essentially the case had been taken over by the big names."
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
• . 在最耸人听闻的审判日，克伦斯达罗精彩审问作为一个圣经专家的威廉詹宁斯布莱恩，斯各普斯则为自己的审判当记者-填补了离开小镇的记者！从7月13日到7月21日，审判历时8 天。最终，陪审团却只花了9分钟就得出了确认被告斯各普斯违法的结论，斯各普斯被判罚100美元。
陪审团
• 在过去，陪审员由警长挑选，达罗对此提出了抗议，要求采用抽签的方式。这一点倒被法官接受了，由法官的女儿抽出了十二名陪审员，其中一名是教堂成员，有十名是未受过多少教育的农民。而且，在审判过程中，法官都不允许陪审员听取被告证人的证词。可以说，这场官司还没打，进化论这方就已输定了。
• John Scopes was playing tennis when a group of businessmen called him to the town gathering place, Robinson's drugstore. They asked if he would be willing to be indicted for teaching evolution. Though he could not remember actually teaching Darwin's theory, Scopes believed in evolution and agreed to the plan.
• The trial quickly became a media circus. John Scopes was to have Clarence Darrow, America's top criminal lawyer, defend him. The famous politician and antievolutionist, William Jennings Bryan, volunteered to assist the prosecution. Reporters from all over the country flocked to Dayton, including an announcer from Chicago's WGN radio. It would be the first live broadcast of a trial in American history.
• 达尔文的进化论提出后，相信神创论的人士感到非常不安。他们说：‚达尔文在‘物种起源’一书中记述了有生命微生物的发展过程。他认为，微生物的产生不需要任何超自然的力量或上帝的介入。这个学说令美国以及其它地方的很多人士深感不安，特别是基督教徒，他们认为是神创造一切。‛

the_trial_that_rocked_the_world_背景介绍

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