RAC(ASM)到单机OGG配置案例

RAC以及ASM安装全过程整理RAC以及ASM安装全过程整理更改主机名第一步：#hostname oratest第二步：修改/etc/sysconfig/network中的hostname第三步：修改/etc/hosts文件设置hosts文件可参考：[root@amdocs01 mapper]# cat /etc/hosts# Do not remove the following line, or various programs # that require network functionality will fail.127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 172.19.201.188 amdocs02172.19.201.189 amdocs02-vip192.168.10.1 amdocs02-priv设置IPeth0172.19.201.188255.255.0.0172.19.201.6eth1192.168.10.1255.255.255.0172.19.201.6绑定裸设备先在逻辑卷组上分出逻辑卷，全部为裸设备，必须包含：逻辑盘：ocrlv ,votelv 是必须的，因为后面安装ASM要用到data01,data02,data03,data04,data05,softlv,oralv 可选1、裸设备定义：一块没有分区的硬盘，称为原始设备(RAWDEVICE)或者是一个分区，但是没有用EXT3,OCFS等文件系统格式化,称为原始分区(RAWPARTITION)以上两者都是裸设备2、裸设备的绑定有文件系统的分区是采用mount的方式挂载到某一个挂载点的(目录)而裸设备不能mount，只能绑定到/dev/raw/下的某一个设备名比如/dev/raw/raw13、裸设备的绑定方法有两种方法，这里介绍一种，还有一种修改/etc/rc.local文件增加，见后面,我采用的是修改/etc/rc.local文件先介绍第一种方法：修改/etc/sysconfig/rawdevices，添加以下内容,这里sdd1和sdd2是原始分区名或者原始设备(硬盘)名，raw1和raw2是/dev目录下的原始设备名，编号从raw1到raw8191，也就是最多可以绑定255个裸设备/dev/raw/raw1/dev/sdd1/dev/raw/raw2/dev/sdd2然后修改裸设备的属主和访问权限chown oracle:dba /dev/raw/raw1chown oracle:dba /dev/raw/raw2chmod 660 /dev/raw/raw1chmod 660 /dev/raw/raw2最后使得裸设备生效，并且在机器启动的时候就自动加载执行/etc/init.d/rawdevices restart 使裸设备生效执行/sbin/chkconfig rawdevices on保证机器启动的时候裸设备能够加载，这一步很重要裸设备的绑定方法第二种方法，修改/etc/rc.local文件的方法[root@amdocs01 ~]# cat /etc/rc.local#!/bin/sh## This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.touch /var/lock/subsys/localraw /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/mapper/vg00-ocrlvraw /dev/raw/raw2 /dev/mapper/vg00-votelvraw /dev/raw/raw3 /dev/mapper/vg00-data01raw /dev/raw/raw4 /dev/mapper/vg00-data02raw /dev/raw/raw5 /dev/mapper/vg00-data03raw /dev/raw/raw6 /dev/mapper/vg00-data04chmod 775 /dev/raw/raw1chmod 775 /dev/raw/raw2chmod 775 /dev/raw/raw3chmod 775 /dev/raw/raw4chmod 775 /dev/raw/raw5chmod 775 /dev/raw/raw6chown oracle:dba /dev/raw/raw1chown oracle:dba /dev/raw/raw2chown oracle:dba /dev/raw/raw3chown oracle:dba /dev/raw/raw4chown oracle:dba /dev/raw/raw5chown oracle:dba /dev/raw/raw6chown oracle:dba /dev/raw/raw7modprobe hangcheck-timer hangcheck-tick=30 hangcheck_margin=1804、裸设备的读写不能用cp等命令操作，写入内容用dd命令，可以参阅相关资料5、清空裸设备相当于格式化啦bs是快的大小，blocksizecount是快的数量，这两者相乘大于裸设备的容量即可ddif=/dev/zeroof=/dev/raw/raw1bs=8192count=12800ddif=/dev/zeroof=/dev/raw/raw2bs=8192count=12800-------另外，注意：rhel4使用udev来管理设备手动修改/dev/raw/raw1不能永久生效要想使得权限持久生效需要修改文件/etc/udev/permissions.d/50-udev.permissions的第113行raw/*:root:disk:0660改成raw/*:oracle:dba:0660重启机器如果/dev/下没有/raw/目录，可以自己手工建立。

RAW+ASM配置ORACLE单实例RAW+ASM配置ORACLE单实例 (1)一、安装环境： (1)二、ASM配置 (1)三、安装数据库 (5)因为原来本机上已有一个单机的10g数据库，现在想装一个新德数据库，并将数据文件都放在ASM上，所以这里重点讲ASM配置，和装数据库时注意的事项。

一、安装环境：VMware Server1.0.8 、Redhat5.4 、10201_database_linux32.zip二、ASM配置1、先在虚拟机上添加磁盘我这里添加了五块磁盘大小为1G，实际只用了三块这里在添加磁盘是需注意一点：因为redhat5.4，刚装完，在开启，所以用redhat4截的图，标注的地方要选择添加磁盘顺序，添加完磁盘后要类似于2、给磁盘分区：先查看一下：这是我这边已分好的区，一共有五个磁盘：sdb、sdc、sdd、sde、sdf下面我们进行分区：Root@orah5 dev]# fdisk sdb先输入n，再输入p，输入1，再输入回车，回车，再输入w，sdb分区就ok了，剩下的几个磁盘也是同样的操作，用几块就分几块。

分好后，就类似上图。

3、打oracleasm包：一共打了五个asm包，这些包都可以在Oracle官方网站上下载，下的时候要找对内核参数，用uname –r 命令查看自己机器的内核。

打包命令可以用：rpm –ivh/Uvh oracleasmlib-2.0………..4、配置裸设备在/etc/sysconfig/ 编辑rawdevices文件，添加下面命令：添加完毕，启动rawdevices服务# service rawdevices startRawdevices服务起来后可以到/dev/raw这里看到上一步操作的成果：当然，上面一步操作完毕还不是这种效果，因为权限和用户组还没用更改，要执行完下面的操作才能正在的达到上图的效果。

我们接着继续操作。

更改设备的属主：root@orah5 raw]# chown oracle:oinstall *为了每次系统重启后都能更改设备的属主，我们要在/etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules文件下添加如下内容：ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb1",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc1",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdd1",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sde1",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="raw[1-4]", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660" 添加完毕要重新启动rawdevices服务# service rawdevices restart这样裸设备算配置完毕。

RAC+DG+OGG灾备中OGG实现部分RAC+DG+OGG灾备中OGG实现部分2013年05⽉12⽇阅读 341,389 次本⽂不牵扯具体操作系统及oracle软件的安装，假定在实施完毕的rac环境及安装好oracle软件的单机平台下，讲解如何实施RAC+DG+OGG 构建灾备系统中OGG实现部分，其他部分见我之前的相关博⽂。

RAC+DG+OGG简要架构如下：以下为主要的实施过程：修改存储服务器中共享盘的设置[root@openfiler rac_ogg]# cat /etc/exports# PLEASE DO NOT MODIFY THIS CONFIGURATION FILE!# This configuration file was autogenerated# by Openfiler. Any manual changes will be overwritten# Generated at: Thu May 2 15:36:07 CST 2013# End of Openfiler configuration/mnt/rac_ogg/rac_ogg 192.168.137.0/24(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_all_squash,no_subtree_check)在rac所有节点挂载mount -t nfs 192.168.137.141:/mnt/rac_ogg/rac_ogg/rac_ogg /u01/app/ogg/11.1修改所有节点开机⾃动修改项⽬录属组[root@11grac1 11.1]# cat /etc/rc.local#!/bin/sh## This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.touch /var/lock/subsys/localchown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/ogg/11.1修改rac2个节点的开机⾃动挂载项[root@11grac2 11.1]# cat /etc/fstabLABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0proc /proc proc defaults 0 0LABEL=SWAP-sda2 swap swap defaults 0 0#oralce set for ogg192.168.137.141:/mnt/rac_ogg/rac_ogg/rac_ogg /u01/app/ogg/11.1 nfs defaults 0 0在共享的nfs⽬录下解压并创建ogg相关⽬录[oracle@OELx64 app]$ mkdir -p ogg/11.1[oracle@OELx64 11.1]$ tar -xvf /tmp/ggs_Linux_x64_ora11g_64bit_v11_1_1_0_0_078.tar修改ogg⽤户的环境变量（此处的ogg⽤户为oracle）在.bash_profile中添加以下条⽬#ogg setOGG_BASE=/u01/app/ogg; export OGG_BASEOGG_HOME=$OGG_BASE/11.1; export OGG_HOMEPATH=$OGG_HOME:$PATH; export PATHexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$OGG_HOME:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH[oracle@ora10gr2 11.1]$ pwd/u01/app/ogg/11.1[oracle@ora10gr2 11.1]$ ggsciOracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for OracleVersion 11.1.1.1.2 OGGCORE_11.1.1.1.2_PLATFORMS_111004.2100Linux, x86, 32bit (optimized), Oracle 10g on Oct 4 2011 23:54:04Copyright (C) 1995, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.GGSCI (ora10gr2) 1> create subdirsCreating subdirectories under current directory /u01/app/ogg/11.1Parameter files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirprm: createdReport files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirrpt: createdCheckpoint files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirchk: createdProcess status files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirpcs: createdSQL script files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirsql: createdDatabase definitions files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirdef: createdExtract data files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirdat: createdTemporary files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirtmp: createdVeridata files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirver: createdVeridata Lock files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirver/lock: createdVeridata Out-Of-Sync files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirver/oos: createdVeridata Out-Of-Sync XML files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirver/oosxml: createdVeridata Parameter files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirver/params: createdVeridata Report files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirver/report: createdVeridata Status files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirver/status: createdVeridata Trace files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirver/trace: createdStdout files /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirout: created创建数据库⽤户SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files where rownum<10;FILE_NAME--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+DATA/racdb/users01.dbf+DATA/racdb/undotbs01.dbf+DATA/racdb/sysaux01.dbf+DATA/racdb/system01.dbf+DATA/racdb/undotbs02.dbf+DATA/racdb/datafile/yallonking.432.812066619+DATA/racdb/yallonking_2.dbf7 rows selected.SQL> create tablespace ogg datafile '+DATA/racdb/ogg01.dbf' size 50m autoextend on;Tablespace created.SQL> create user ogg identified by ogg default tablespace ogg quota unlimited on ogg temporary tablespace temp; User created.SQL> grant dba to ogg;Grant succeeded.修改2个节点的监听⽂件配置，需要添加ASM服务⽂件位置：/u01/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora节点1：SID_LIST_LISTENER =(SID_LIST =(SID_DESC =(GLOBAL_DBNAME = +ASM)(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/11.2.0/grid)(SID_NAME = +ASM1)))节点2：SID_LIST_LISTENER =(SID_LIST =(SID_DESC =(GLOBAL_DBNAME = +ASM)(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/11.2.0/grid)(SID_NAME = +ASM2)))验证如下[oracle@11grac1 ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@192.168.137.165:1521/+ASM as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Apr 22 15:59:53 2013Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to:Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - ProductionWith the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management optionsSQL>[oracle@11grac1 ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@192.168.137.166:1521/+ASM as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Apr 22 16:00:51 2013Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to:Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - ProductionWith the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management optionsSQL>注意：可能需要早grid下修改sys密码[grid@11grac1 dbs]$ mv orapw+ASM orapw+ASM_bak[grid@11grac1 dbs]$ orapwd file=orapw+ASM password=oracle entries=10;修改2个节点的tnsname.ora[oracle@11grac1 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora ASM =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.137.165)(PORT = 1521))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = +ASM)(SID_NAME = +ASM1)))RAC =(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 11grac1-vip)(PORT = 1521))(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 11grac2-vip)(PORT = 1521)))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = racdb)))rac_ogg =(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.137.174)(PORT = 1521)))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SID = rac_ogg)))[oracle@11grac2 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora ASM =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.137.166)(PORT = 1521))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = +ASM)(SID_NAME = +ASM2)))RAC =(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 11grac1-vip)(PORT = 1521))(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 11grac2-vip)(PORT = 1521)))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = racdb)))在任意节点配置DDLSQL> alter system set recyclebin=off scope=spfile;System altered.SQL> alter database add supplemental log data;Database altered.SQL> alter database add supplemental log data (primary key) columns;Database altered.SQL> alter database add supplemental log data (foreign key) columns;Database altered.SQL> alter database add supplemental log data (unique) columns;Database altered.SQL> alter system archive log current;System altered.SQL> grant execute on utl_file to ogg;Grant succeeded.SQL> @marker_setup.sqlSQL> @ddl_setup.sqlSQL> @role_setup.sqlSQL> grant ggs_ggsuser_role to ogg;SQL> @ddl_enable.sqlSQL> @ddl_pin ogg节点1构建测试数据SQL> create tablespace test datafile '+DATA/racdb/test01.dbf' size 50m autoextend on;Tablespace created.SQL> create user test identified by test default tablespace test quota unlimited on test temporary tablespace temp; User created.SQL> grant resource,connect to test;Grant succeeded.SQL> conn test/testConnected.SQL> create table yallonking (id number,name varchar2(20),my_date date);Table created.SQL> insert into yallonking values(1,'yallonking',sysdate);1 row created.SQL> commit;Commit complete.SQL> alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy/mm/dd hh24:mi:ss';Session altered.SQL> select * from yallonking;ID NAME MY_DATE---------- -------------------- -------------------1 yallonking 2013/05/12 10:43:01登陆源库[oracle@11grac1 ~]$ /u01/app/ogg/11.1/ggsciOracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for OracleVersion 11.1.1.1.2 OGGCORE_11.1.1.1.2_PLATFORMS_111004.2100Linux, x86, 32bit (optimized), Oracle 11g on Oct 4 2011 23:53:33Copyright (C) 1995, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.GGSCI (11grac1) 1> DBLOGIN USERID ogg,PASSWORD oggSuccessfully logged into database.主备端配置mgr进程此处注意创建相关⽬录GGSCI (11grac1) 1> view params mgrport 7840autostart er *autorestart er *GGSCI (11grac1) 2> info mgrManager is running (IP port 11grac1.7840).源端配置extract进程GGSCI (11grac1) 1> dblogin userid ogg,password oggSuccessfully logged into database.GGSCI (11grac1) 2> add extract ext_test,tranlog,begin now,threads 2EXTRACT added.GGSCI (11grac1) 4> view params ext_testEXTRACT ext_testSETENV (ORACLE_HOME = "/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1")USERID ogg@rac, PASSWORD oggTRANLOGOPTIONS ASMUSER sys@ASM,ASMPASSWORD oracle THREADOPTIONS MAXCOMMITPROPAGATIONDELAY 20000EXTTRAIL /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirdat/etDYNAMICRESOLUTIONDDL INCLUDE ALLTABLE test.*;GGSCI (11grac1) 53> add exttrail /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirdat/et, extract ext_test EXTTRAIL added.GGSCI (11grac1) 2> add extract pu_test,exttrailsource /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirdat/et,begin now EXTRACT added.GGSCI (11grac1) 3> add rmttrail /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirdat/rt,extract pu_testRMTTRAIL added.GGSCI (11grac1) 5> view params pu_testEXTRACT pu_testRMTHOST 192.168.137.174, MGRPORT 7840RMTTRAIL /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirdat/rtPASSTHRUTABLE test.*源端配置pump进程GGSCI (11grac1) 22> view params pu_testextract pu_testdynamicresolutionpassthrurmthost 192.168.137.174,mgrport 7840,compressrmttrail /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirdat/pttable test.*;GGSCI (11grac1) 23> add extract pu_test ,exttrailsource /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirdat/et ERROR: EXTRACT PU_TEST already exists.GGSCI (11grac1) 24> delete pu_testDeleted EXTRACT PU_TEST.GGSCI (11grac1) 25> add extract pu_test,exttrailsource /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirdat/etEXTRACT added.GGSCI (11grac1) 26> add rmttrail /u01/app/ogg/11.1/dirdat/pt,extract pu_testRMTTRAIL added.源端进程状态：GGSCI (11grac1) 30> info allProgram Status Group Lag Time Since ChkptMANAGER RUNNINGEXTRACT RUNNING EXT_TEST 00:00:01 00:00:00EXTRACT ABENDED PU_TEST 00:00:00 00:01:33⽬标端进程状态：GGSCI (x64_ogg) 5> info allProgram Status Group Lag Time Since ChkptMANAGER RUNNING以下为源库到⽬标库的复制过程修改⽬标端的密码⽂件[oracle@11grac1 dbs]$ scp orapwracdb1 192.168.137.172:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwrac_ogg orapwracdb1 100% 2048 2.0KB/s 00:00修改⽬标端的监听⽂件[oracle@x64_ogg ~]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.oraSID_LIST_LISTENER =(SID_LIST =(SID_DESC =(GLOBAL_DBNAME = racdb)(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)(SID_NAME = rac_ogg)))LISTENER =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.137.174)(PORT = 1521)))ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle构建对端数据库参数⽂件[oracle@x64_ogg ~]$ cat /tmp/pfile_ogg*.__db_cache_size=360710144*.__java_pool_size=4194304*.__large_pool_size=4194304*.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment*.__pga_aggregate_target=213909504*.__sga_target=633339904*.__shared_io_pool_size=0*.__shared_pool_size=255852544*.__streams_pool_size=0*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/racdb/adump'*.audit_trail='db'*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/control02.ctl'*.db_block_size=8192*.db_domain=''*.db_file_name_convert='+DATA/racdb/datafile','/u01/app/oracle/oradata','+DATA/racdb/tempfile','/u01/app/oracle/oradata' *.db_name='rac_ogg'*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle'*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4039114752*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=racdbXDB)'*.instance_number=1#*.log_archive_dest_1='/u01/app/oracle/arch'#*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata','+DATA/racdb','+DATA/racdb/tempfile',*.open_cursors=300*.pga_aggregate_target=210763776*.processes=150*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'*.sga_target=632291328*.thread=1*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'注意：在对端创建必要的⽬录将参数⽂件复制到主节点1相同⽬录[oracle@x64_ogg tmp]$ scp pfile_ogg 192.168.137.165:/tmp/The authenticity of host '192.168.137.165 (192.168.137.165)' can't be established.RSA key fingerprint is 69:c3:cb:7f:5b:dd:59:a9:5c:94:4e:33:fa:5b:0c:70.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yesWarning: Permanently added '192.168.137.165' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.oracle@192.168.137.165's password:pfile_ogg 100% 1157 1.1KB/s 00:00使⽤rman初始化ogg⽬标库注意主节点和灾备节点ogg进程状态主节点：GGSCI (11grac2) 50> info allProgram Status Group Lag Time Since ChkptMANAGER RUNNINGEXTRACT RUNNING EXT_TEST 00:00:00 00:00:00EXTRACT RUNNING PU_TEST 00:00:00 00:00:04备节点：（注意不要启动replica进程）GGSCI (x64_ogg) 4> info allProgram Status Group Lag Time Since ChkptMANAGER RUNNINGREPLICAT STOPPED REP1 00:00:00 00:00:01备份主数据库（注意验证备份可⽤性,以及备份期间主节点抓取进程不能掉）查看最新的事物的开始时间，确保备份在该时间之后。

goldengate配置(rac向单实例包含ddl)Goldengate配置环境：11204的双节点rac，11204的单实例数据库软件：goldengate 版本：121200_fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome（中国官网没有）由于之前使用版本ogg112101_fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_ora11g_64bit（中国官网）导致与11204版本不兼容，所以更换最新版。

Rac与单实例不同之处在与rac上的goldengate需要安装在共享存储上，以下为详细步骤：首先在oracle rac上安装goldengate，因为使用的oracle版本比较新，goldengate 版本也比较新，所以很多以前的的配置方法需要一些小的修改，具体为下面红色字体：安装之前，先要在各个节点都创建/opt/app/ogg的安装目录，然后在共享存储上新建一个供各个节点的/opt/app/ogg安装目录使用的分区，此处把该分区格式化为ext3文件系统（ext3文件系统不是支持共享的，所以在安装过程中会有错误）:mkfs �Ct ext3/dev/sdf1，然后把各个节点的目录挂载到共享存储的供goldengate使用的分区下:mount /dev/sdf1/opt/app/ogg，之后使用grid用户来进行安装，执行下面的安装: 源端配置步骤：[grid@rac1 ~]$ cd /opt/app/dir/fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome/ [grid@rac1fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome]$ ls Disk1[grid@rac1 fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome]$ cd Disk1/ [grid@rac1Disk1]$ ./runInstaller Starting Oracle Universal Installer...Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 8976 MB Passed Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 29996 MB PassedChecking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors. Actual 16777216 PassedPreparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2021-06-12_11-29-54AM. Please wait ...[grid@rac1 Disk1]$因为使用的数据库版本wei11204,此处选择安装11g的goldengate，点击next此处选择软件的安装路径和是否启动goldengate的mgr，注意：此处的安装目录/opt/app/ogg必须是安装在共享存储上，然后各个节点的/opt/app/ogg都挂在该共享存储分区，点击next因为之前把共享存储分区格式化为了ext3文件系统，但是该系统并是共享文件系统，所以回报这个错误，但是goldengate依旧还是安装在了共享存储上，依旧可以从其他节点启动，只是此处无法识别，虽然可以点击yes，继续安装，把goldengate安装在sdf1分区上。

RHEL7上安装11gR2单机使用ASM存储搭建PhysicalStandby笔记参考文献1.执行root.sh出现ohasd failed解决方案2.inux 7安装rac 11gR2时运行root.sh报错找不到ohas服务3.Error in invoking target 'agent nmhs' of makefile4.Oracle 11g Data Guard 使用duplicate from active database 创建 standby database一、背景介绍接到需求要安装单机使用ASM存储的数据库，原本以为是轻车熟路的事情，emm，世界上哪有那么多轻松的活给你干，废话少说，进主题吧。

二、关于安装思路一直以来搭建的都是RAC+ASM存储或者单机物理存储，这次说要安装单机+ASM存储，确实有点懵逼，不过还是迷之自信，毕竟是安装过十多套RAC+ASM存储和几十遍单机物理存储的男人。

一上手就按单机物理存储的安装模式直接安装DB软件，看DB创建过程中是不是会有什么选项可以创建并使用asm存储盘，可惜世界上并没有奇迹，在安装好DB软件创建DB的过程中发现要使用asm 存储一定要安装GI程序！于是铲除已安装好的DB程序，按照RAC+ASM存储的方式重新安装，在grid用户下安装GI，安装过程中发现没有分配给grid的那5个1g的存储，于是选择在oracle用户下作死安装GI和DB软件，结果又是一顿铲除重装。

单机+ASM存储的正确安装方式：grid用户安装GI，oracle用户安装DB，所有物理磁盘都拿来做data磁盘组！三、安装GI时的问题安装GI在执行root.sh脚本报错，报如下错误：ohasd failed to start at/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/roothas.pl line 377, line 4./u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/lib -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/roothas.pl execution failed解决方案如下：1.回退root.sh脚本操作$ORACLE_HOME/crs/install/roothas.pl -deconfig -force -verbose2.清空/var/tmp/.oracle/npohasd文件在执行root.sh脚本时出现Adding daemon to inittab的时候，在另一个窗口使用root立即执行以下命令：dd if=/var/tmp/.oracle/npohasd of=/dev/null bs=1024 count=1顺利安装结束。

Oracle11gR2RAC+ASM+Grid安装（⼀）环境准备主机操作系统windows10虚拟机平台vmware workstation 12虚拟机操作系统redhat 5.5 x86(32位) ：Linux.5.5.for.x86.rhel-server-5.5-i386-dvd.isogrid版本linux_11gR2_grid.zip （32位）oracle版本linux_11gR2_database_1of2 和 linux_11gR2_database_2of2（32位）共享存储ASM（⼆）操作系统安装（2.1）操作系统安装操作系统安装相对⽽⾔较简单，不做详述。

系统的配置信息⼤致如下，后⾯还会根据需要添加和删除设备（2.2）安装VM Tools为了⽅便在主机与虚拟机之间进⾏⽂件拖拽、复制粘贴、使⽤共享⽂件夹等功能，我们需要安装VM Tools,VM Tools的安装包已经集合在了vmware workstation⾥⾯了。

下⾯⼀步⼀步安装VM Tools。

step 1：虚拟机-> 安装Vmware Toolsstep 2： mount查看是否装载 VMware Tools 虚拟 CD-ROM 映像，如果有红⾊部分，说明已经将VM tools安装包mount在了/media⽬录下step 3：转到安装⽬录/tmp，解压VM tools安装包step 4：开始安装VM Tools[root@Redhat tmp]# cd vmware-tools-distrib[root@Redhat vmware-tools-distrib]#./vmware-install.pl遇到选项，直接回车即可。

step 5：安装结束，重启虚拟机[root@rac1 ~]# rebootstep6：测试VM Tools安装是否成功从主机拖到⼀个⽂档到虚拟机，如果拖动成功，说明VM Tools已经安装成功（三）操作系统配置（3.1）⽹络配置（3.1.1）主机名配置①节点1：[root@rac1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/networkNETWORKING=yesNETWORKING_IPV6=noHOSTNAME=rac1②节点2：[root@rac2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/networkNETWORKING=yesNETWORKING_IPV6=noHOSTNAME=rac2（3.1.2）IP配置为了使⽤静态IP配置数据库，我⼜为每台虚拟机新增加了⼀块⽹卡，将其配置成only-host模式，新增⽹卡⽅式如下：step1：添加⽹络点击vmware的“编辑”-> “虚拟⽹络编辑器”-> “更改设置”-> “添加⽹络”，按下图选择，保存step2：在两台虚拟机上添加⽹卡选择虚拟机，“设置”->“添加”->“⽹络适配器”，选择“⾃定义”，这个⾃定义是我们上⼀步定义的⽹络，结果如下：step3：根据⽹络设置，我们规划IP地址如下：接下来就是配置IP地址了，对于节点1（主机名：rac1），我们：①配置eth1--或删除BOOTPROTO--不要修改硬件地址--设置⽹卡为开机启动--增加IP和MASK[root@rac1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1#修改下⾯红⾊部分# Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE]DEVICE=eth1# BOOTPROTO=dhcpHWADDR=00:0C:29:9C:DF:6AONBOOT=yes IPADDR=192.168.19.10NETMASK=255.255.255.0②配置eth2[root@rac1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2# 修改红⾊部分# Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE]DEVICE=eth2# BOOTPROTO=dhcpONBOOT=yesHWADDR=00:0C:29:6G:8C:5F=192.168.15.10NETMASK=255.255.255.0对于节点2（主机名：rac2），我们参照节点1即可：①配置eth1[root@rac2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 # Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE] DEVICE=eth1# BOOTPROTO=dhcp ONBOOT=yesHWADDR=00:0c:29:b0:4e:b6IPADDR=192.168.19.11NETMASK=255.255.255.0②配置eth2[root@rac2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2 # Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE] DEVICE=eth2# BOOTPROTO=dhcpONBOOT=yesHWADDR=00:0c:29:b0:4e:c0IPADDR=192.168.15.11NETMASK=255.255.255.0（3.1.3）hosts⽂件配置在2个节点上配置hosts⽂件，以节点1为例[root@rac1 ~]# vim /etc/hosts# 在⽂件的最后⾯加上#eth1 public192.168.19.10 rac1192.168.19.11 rac2#virtual192.168.19.12 rac1-vip192.168.19.13 rac2-vip192.168.15.10 rac1-priv192.168.15.11 rac2-priv#scan192.168.19.14 rac-scan配置完成后，重启⽹卡[root@rac1 ~]# service network restart重启⽹卡时，遇到了⼀个⼩错误，提⽰：Device eth2 has different MAC address than expected, ignoring.[FAILED]看了其他⼈的⽂章，发现是⽹卡配置⽂件⾥⾯的MAC地址与实际虚拟机的MAC地址不⼀样，解决办法如下：step1：查看本机实际MAC地址（红⾊部分）[root@rac1 ~]# ifconfig eth2eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:9C:DF:7Einet addr:192.168.15.10 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe9c:df7e/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1RX packets:30677 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:26377 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000RX bytes:15839769 (15.1 MiB) TX bytes:10819637 (10.3 MiB)Interrupt:83 Base address:0x2824step2：查看我们配置的MAC地址[root@rac1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2# 修改红⾊部分# Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE]DEVICE=eth2# BOOTPROTO=dhcpONBOOT=yesHWADDR=00:0C:29:6G:8C:5FIPADDR=192.168.15.10NETMASK=255.255.255.0发现我们配置的MAC地址与实际的MAC地址不⼀样，修改⽹卡step2⾥⾯的MAC地址，重启⽹卡。

oracle 11g rac 恢复到单机环境介绍：10.204.101.45和46是11.2.0.4.0的rac环境，变成单机恢复到测试环境10.204.16.155（双方都是linux系统）101.45-racdb1101.46-racdb2补充：通过查看v$db_transportable_platform可以看到跨平台恢复是否支持:AIX 支持的平台恢复：linux 支持的平台恢复：一、16.155环境准备1、安装数据库软件2、安装nbu：二、恢复1、新建参数文件：到101.45上面把参数文件down下来修改下，修改后内容如下：cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/vi initracdb.oraracdb.__db_cache_size=369098752racdb.__java_pool_size=16777216racdb.__large_pool_size=33554432racdb.__oracle_base='/oracle/app/oracle'racdb.__pga_aggregate_target=553648128racdb.__sga_target=1056964608racdb.__shared_io_pool_size=0racdb.__shared_pool_size=620756992racdb.__streams_pool_size=0*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/app/admin/racdb/adump'*.audit_trail='FALSE'#*.cluster_database=true //单机去掉*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'*.control_files='/oracle/app/oradata/racdb/ctl01.ctl'*.db_block_size=8192*.db_create_file_dest='/oracle/app'*.db_domain=''*.db_name='racdb'*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle/app'*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=racdbXDB)'racdb.instance_number=1racdb.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/oracle/arch'*.memory_target=1606418432*.open_cursors=300*.processes=500*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'*.sessions=555racdb.thread=1racdb.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'注意事项：1>把racdb2的删除掉，把racdb1替换成racdb2>把涉及到路径的替换成实际环境的，有些目录得手工创建。

ORACLE 11gR2 RAC集群+单实例DG安装部署配置方案1 参考集群规划1.1硬件环境主库RAC：服务器2台：分别为32核CPU、128G内存双网卡*2 。

共享存储：2T备库单机：服务器1台：为32核CPU、128G内存。

存储：2T1.2软件环境数据库：linux.x64_11gR2集群件：linux.x64_11gR2_grid操作系统：rhel 6.9数据库版本：oracle 11.2.0.4.01.3IP及存储规则每个节点一个public IP每个节点一个public VIP每个节点一个private IP心跳private ip走私有网段，public走公用网段，网段不能相同, Public IP、Virtual IP、SCAN IP必须配置在同一网段。

2RAC主库安装实施2.1 主机环境准备2.1.1 操作系统安装分别在两个节点安装rhel6.9 x86_64位操作系统Root密码：wyq19851215--a2.1.2 服务器内存要求Swap大小：当内存为2.5GB-16GB时，Swap需要大于等于系统内存。

当内存大于16GB时，Swap等于16GB即可。

128内存建议为64或者128.配置方法：1、以下的操作都要在root用户下进行，首先先建立一个分区，采用如下命令创建512M 的swap文件（1024 * 512MB = 524288）。

dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile1 bs=1024 count=41943042、接着再把这个分区变成swap分区。

/sbin/mkswap /swapfile13、使用这个swap分区。

使其成为有效状态。

/sbin/swapon /swapfile14、设置系统自激活交换文件。

编辑 /etc/fstab文件，并增加如下第二行代码。

vi /etc/fstab/swapfile1 swap swap defaults 0 0你就会发现你的机器自动启动以后swap空间也增大了。