The Call Of The Wild

高三英语高效课堂资料The Call of the Wild书名：野性的呼唤作者：杰克·伦敦简介：在加利福尼亚的家里,巴克过着安逸舒适的生活。

他是那儿最高大强壮的狗,地位举足轻重。

他和孩子们一同散步,在水中嬉戏,冬天的时候他就坐在主人的炉火边取暖。

但是在1897年,人们在育空河发现了金矿,他们需要像巴克这样的狗。

于是巴克被从家乡偷运到北方。

他在那里学会了拉雪撬,在冰天雪地中日复一日地跋涉。

他学会了偷食以慰饥肠,破冰取水解渴,还学会了反击来对付那些欺负他的狗。

而且他学得很快。

不久巴克成为了北方所有著名的拉雪撬的狗之一。

但是北部是狼群出没的森林,在那里他们对着明月长嗥。

野性的呼唤在巴克的梦中回响,越来越响亮……杰克·伦敦1876年生于旧金山,死于1916年。

他出身穷苦,在他短暂的一生中他有丰富的经历——海员、工人、育空河的淘金人、旅行家、记者和作家。

他写了很多书,但是其中以《野性的呼唤》和另一本写狗的书《白芳》,最广为流传。

1 To the northBuck did not read the newspapers. He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California. Men had found gold in the Yukon, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to work in the cold and snow of the north.Buck lived in Mr. Miller's big house in the sunny Santa Clara valley There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house, and a river nearby. In a big place like this, of course, there were many dogs There were house dogs and farm dogs, but they were not important. Buck was chief dog；he was born here, and this was his place .He was four years old and weighed sixty kilos .He went swimming with Mr. Miller's sons, and walking with his daughters .He carried the grandchildren on his back, and he sat at Mr. Miller's feet in front of the fire in winter.But this was 1897, and Buck did not know that men and dogs were hurrying to north-west Canada to look for gold. And he did not know that Manuel, one of Mr. Miller's gardeners, needed money for his large family. One day, when Mr. Miller was out, Manuel and Buck left the garden together. It was just an evening walk, Buck thought. No one saw them go, and only one man saw them arrive at the railway station. This man talked to Manuel, and gave him some money .Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck's neck.Buck growled, and was surprised when the rope was pulled hard around his neck. He jumped at the man. The man caught him and suddenly Buck was on his back with his tongue out of his mouth. For a few moments he was unable to move, and it was easy for the two men to put him into the train.When Buck woke up, the train was still moving. The man was sitting and watching him, butBuck was too quick for him and he bit the man's hand hard. Then the rope was pulled again and Buck had to let go.That evening, the man took Buck to the back room of a bar in San Francisco. The barman looked at the man's hand and trousers covered in blood.‘How much are they paying you for this?’ he asked.‘I only get fifty dollars.’‘And the man who stole him—how much did he get?’ asked the barman.‘A hundred. He wouldn't take less.’‘That makes a hundred and fifty. It's a good price for a dog like him .Here, help me to get him into this.’They took off Buck's rope and pushed him into a wooden box. He spent the night in the box in the back room of the bar. His neck still ached with pain from the rope, and he could not understand what it all meant . What did they want with him, these strange men? And where was Mr. Miller?The next day Buck was carried in the box to the railway station and put on a train to the north.For two days and nights the train travelled north, and for two days and nights Buck neither ate nor drank. Men on the train laughed at him and pushed sticks at him through the holes in the box. For two days and nights Buck got angrier and hungrier and thirstier. His eyes grew red and he bit anything that moved.In Seattle four men took Buck to a small, high－walled back garden, where a fat man in an old red coat was waiting. Buck was now very angry indeed and he jumped and bit at the sides of his box. The fat man smiled and went to get an axe and a club.‘Are you going to take him out now?’ asked one of the men. ‘Of course,’ answered the fat man, and he began to break the box with his axe.Immediately the four other men climbed up onto the wall to watch from a safe place.As the fat man hit the box with his axe, Buck jumped at the sides, growling and biting, pulling with his teeth at the pieces of broken wood. After a few minutes there was a hole big enough for Buck to get out. ‘ Now, come here, red eyes,’ said the fat man, dropping his axe and taking the club in his right hand.Buck jumped at the man, sixty kilos of anger, his mouth wide open ready to bite the man's neck. Just before his teeth touched the skin, the man hit him with the club. Buck fell to the ground. It was the first time anyone had hit him with a club and he did not understand. He stood up, and jumped again. Again the club hit him and he crashed to the ground. Ten times he jumped at the man, and ten times the club hit him. Slowly he got to his feet, now only just able to stand. There was blood on his nose and mouth and ears. Then the fat man walked up and hit him again, very hard, on the nose. The pain was terrible. Again, Buck jumped at the man and again he was hit to the ground. A last time he jumped, and this time, when the man knocked him down, Buck did not move.‘He knows how to teach a dog a lesson,’ said one of the men on the wall. Then the four men jumped down and went back to the station.‘His name is Buck,’ said the fat man to himself, reading the letter that had come with the box.’Well, Buck, my by,’ he said in a friendly voice,’ we've argued a little, and I think the best thing to donow is to stop. Be a good dog and we'll be friends. But if you're a bad dog, I'll have to use my club again. Understand?’As he spoke, he touched Buck’ s head, and although Buck was angry inside, he did not move. When the man brought him water and meat, Buck drank and then ate the meat, piece by piece, from the man's hand.Buck was beaten（he knew that）but he was not broken. He had learnt that a man with a club was stronger than him. Every day he saw more dogs arrive, and each dog was beaten by the fat man. Buck understood that a man with a club must be obeyed, although he did not have to be a friend.Men came to see the fat man and to look at the dogs. Some-times they paid money and left with one or more of the dogs. One day a short, dark man came and looked at Buck.‘That's a good dog!’ he cried.’ How much do you want for him?’‘Three hundred dollars. It's a good price, Perrault,’ said the fat man.Perrault smiled and agreed that it was a good price. He knew dogs, and he knew that Buck was an excellent dog.‘One in ten thousand,’ Perrault said to himself.Buck saw money put into the fat man’ s hand, and he was not surprised when he and another dog called Curly were taken away by Perrault. He took them to a ship, and later that day Buck and Curly stood and watched the coast get further and further away. They had seen the warm south for the last time.Perrault took Buck and Curly down to the bottom of the ship. There they met another man, Francois. Perrault was a French－Canadian, but Francois was half－Indian, tall and dark. Buck learnt quickly that Perrault and Francois were fair men, calm and honest. And they knew everything about dogs.There were two other dogs on the ship. One was a big dog called Spitz, as white as snow. He was friendly to Buck at first, always smiling. He was smiling when he tried to steal Buck’ s food at the first meal. Francois was quick and hit Spitz before Buck had time to move. Buck decided that this was fair, and began to like Francois a little.Dave, the other dog, was not friendly. He wanted to be alone all the time. He ate and slept and was interested in nothing.One day was very like another, but Buck noticed that the weather was getting colder. One morning, the ship's engines stopped, and there was a feeling of excitement in the ship. Francois leashed the dogs and took them outside. At the first step Buck's feet went into something soft and white. He jumped back in surprise. The soft, white thing was also falling through the air, and it fell onto him. He tried to smell it, and then caught some on his tongue. It bit like fire, and then disappeared. He tried again and the same thing happened. People were watching him and laughing, and Buck felt ashamed, although he did not know why. It was his first snow.2 The law of club and toothBuck's first day at Dyea Beach was terrible. Every hour there was some new, frightening surprise. There was no peace, no rest—only continual noise and movement. And every minute there was danger, because these dogs and men were not town dogs and men. They knew only the law of club and tooth.Buck had never seen dogs fight like these dogs；they were like wolves. In a few minutes he learnt this from watching Curly. She tried to make friends with a dog, a big one, al－though not as big as she was. There was no warning. The dog jumped on Curly, his teeth closed together, then he jumped away, and Curly's face was torn open from eye to mouth.Wolves fight like this, biting and jumping away, but the fight did not finish then. Thirty or forty more dogs ran up and made a circle around the fight, watching silently. Curly tried to attack the dog who had bitten her；he bit her a second time, and jumped away. When she attacked him again, he knocked her backwards, and she fell on the ground. She never stood up again, because this was what the other dogs were waiting for. They moved in, and in a moment she was under a crowd of dogs.It was all very sudden. Buck saw Spitz run out from the crowd with his tongue out of his mouth, laughing. Then he saw Francois with an axe, and two or three other men with clubs jump in among the dogs. Two minutes later the last of the dogs was chased away. But Curly lay dead in the snow, her body torn almost to pieces. Curly's death often came back to Buck in his dreams. He understood that once a dog was down on the ground, he was dead He also remembered Spitz laughing, and from that moment he hated him.Then Buck had another surprise. Francois put a harness on him. Buck had seen harnesses on horses, and now he was made to work like a horse, pulling Francois on a sledge into the forest and returning with wood for the fire. Buck worked with Spitz and Dave. The two other dogs had worked in a harness before, and Buck learnt by watching them. He also learnt to stop and turn when Francois shouted.‘Those three are very good dogs,’ Francois told Perrault.’ That Buck pulls very well, and he's learning quickly.’Perrault had important letters and official papers to take to Dawson City, so that afternoon he bought two more dogs, two brothers called Billee and Joe. Billee was very friendly, but Joe was the opposite. In the evening Perrault bought one more dog, an old dog with one eye .His name was Solleks, which means The Angry One. Like Dave, he made no friends；all he wanted was to be alone.That night Buck discovered another problem. Where was he going to sleep? Francois and Perrault were in their tent, but when he went in, they shouted angrily and threw things at him. Outside it was very cold and windy. He lay down in the snow, but he was too cold to sleep.He walked around the tents trying to find the other dogs. But, to his surprise, they had disappeared. He walked around Perrault's tent, very, very cold, wondering what to do. Suddenly, the snow under his feet fell in, and he felt something move. He jumped back, waiting for the attack, but heard on-ly a friendly bark. There, in a warm hole under the snow, was Billee.So that was what you had to do. Buck chose a place, dug himself a hole and in a minute he was warm and asleep. He slept well, although his dreams were bad.When he woke up, at first he did not know where he was. It had snowed in the night and the snow now lay thick and heavy above him. Suddenly he was afraid—the fear of a wild animal when it is caught and cannot escape. Growling, he threw himself at the snow, and a moment later, he had jumped upwards into the daylight. He saw the tents and remembered everything, from the time he had gone for a walk with Manuel to the moment he had dug the hole the night before. ‘What did I say?’shouted Francois to Perrault, when he saw Buck come up out of the snow.’ That Buck learns quickly.’Perrault smiled slowly. He was carrying important papers, and he needed good dogs. He was very pleased to have Buck.They bought three more dogs that morning, and a quarter of an hour later all nine dogs were in harness and on their way up the Dyea Canyon. Buck was not sorry to be moving, and although it was hard work, he almost enjoyed it. He was also surprised to see that Dave and Sol－leks no longer looked bored and miserable. Pulling in a harness was their job, and they were happy to do it.Dave was sledge－dog, the dog nearest to the sledge. In front of him was Buck, then came Solleks. In front of them were the six other dogs, with Spitz as leader at the front. Francois had put Buck between Dave and Solleks because they could teach him the work. Buck learnt well, and they were good teachers. When Buck pulled the wrong way, Dave always bit his leg, but only lightly. Once, when they stopped, Buck got tied up in his harness, and it took ten minutes to get started again. Both Dave and Solleks gave him a good beating for that mistake. Buck understood, and was more careful after that.It was a hard day's journey, up the Dyea Canyon and into the mountains. They camped that night at Lake Bennett. Here there were thousands of gold miners. They were building boats to sail up the lake when the ice melted in the spring. Buck made his hole in the snow and slept well, but was woken up very early and harnessed to the sledge. The first day they had travelled on snow that had been hardened by many sledges and they covered sixty kilometers. But the next day, and for days afterwards, they were on new snow. The work was harder and they went slowly. Usually, Perrault went in front, on snowshoes, flattening the snow a little for the dogs. Francois stayed by the sledge. Sometimes the two men changed places, but there were many small lakes and rivers, and Perrault understood ice better. He always knew when the ice across a river was very thin.Day after day Buck pulled in his harness. They started in the morning before it was light, and they stopped in the evening after dark, ate a piece of fish, and went to sleep in their holes under the snow. Buck was always hungry. Francois gave him 750 grams of dried fish a day, and it was never enough. The other dogs were given only 500 grams；they were smaller and could stay dive on less food.Buck learnt to eat quickly；if he was too slow, the other dogs stole his food. He saw Pike, one of the new dogs, steal some meat from the sledge when Perrault wasn't looking. The next day Buck stole some and got away unseen. Perrault was very angry, but he thought another dog, Dub, had taken it and so punished him instead of Buck.Buck was learning how to live in the north. In the south he had never stolen, but there he had never been so hungry. He stole cleverly and secretly, remembering the beatings from the man with the club.Buck was learning the law of club and tooth.He learnt to eat any food—anything that he could get his teeth into. He learnt to break the ice on water holes with his feet when he wanted to drink He was stronger, harder, and could see and smell better than ever before .In a way, he was remembering back to the days when wild dogs travelled in packs through the forest, killing for meat as they went. It was easy for him to learn to fight like a wolf,because it was in his blood. In the evenings, when he pointed his nose at the moon and howled long and loud, he was remembering the dogs and wolves that had come before him.3 The wild animalThe wild animal was strong in Buck, and as he travelled across the snow, it grew stronger and stronger. And as Buck grew stronger, he hated Spitz more and more, although he was careful never to start a fight.But Spitz was always showing his teeth to Buck, trying to start a fight. And Buck knew that if he and Spitz fought, one of them would die.The fight almost happened one night when they stopped by Lake Laberge. There was heavy snow and it was very cold. The lake was frozen and Francois, Perrault, and the dogs had to spend the night on the ice, under a big rock. Buck had made a warm hole in the snow and was sorry to leave it to get his piece of fish. But when he had eaten. and returned to his hole, he found Spitz in it. Buck had tried not to fight Spitz be－fore, but this was too much. He attacked him angrily. Spitz was surprised. He knew Buck was big, but he didn’ t know he was so wild. Francois was surprised too, and guessed why Buck was angry. ‘Go on Buck!’ he shouted.’ Fight him, the dirty thief!’Spitz was also ready to fight, and the two dogs circled one another, looking for the chance to jump in. But suddenly there was a shout from Perrault, and they saw eighty or a hundred dogs around the sledge. The dogs came from an Indian village, and they were searching for the food that they could smell on the sledge. Perrault and Francois tried to fight them off with their clubs, but the dogs, made crazy by the smell of the food, showed their teeth and fought back.Buck had never seed dogs like these. They were all skin and bone, but hunger made them fight like wild things. Three of them attacked Buck and in seconds his head and legs were badly bitten. Dave and Solleks stood side by side, covered in blood, fighting bravely. Joe and Pike jumped on one dog, and Pike broke its neck with one bite. Buck caught another dog by the neck and tasted blood. He threw himself on the next one, and then felt teeth in his own neck. It was Spitz, attacking him from the side.Perrault and Francois came to help with clubs, but then they had to run back to save the food . It was safer for the nine sledge－dogs to run away across the lake. Several of them were badly hurt, and they spent an unhappy night hiding among the tress.At first light they returned to the sledge and found Perrault and Francois tired and angry. Half their food was gone. The Indian dogs had even eaten one of Perrault's shoes. Francois looked at his dogs unhappily.‘Ah, my friends,’he said softly,’Perhaps those bites will make you ill. What do you think, Perrault?’Perrault said nothing. They still had six hundred kilometres to travel, and he hoped very much that his sledge－dogs had not caught rabies from the Indian dogs.The harness was torn and damaged and it was two hours be－fore they were moving, travelling slowly and painfully over the most difficult country that they had been in.The Thirty Mile River was not frozen. It ran too fast to freeze. They spent six days trying to find a place to cross, and every step was dangerous for dogs and men. Twelve times they found ice bridgesacross the river, and Perrault walked carefully onto them, holding a long piece of wood. And twelve times he fell through a bridge and was saved by the piece of wood, which caught on the sides of the hole. But the temperature was 45°below zero, and each time Perrault fell into the water, he had to light a fire to dry and warm himself. Once, the sledge fell through the ice, with Dave and Buck, and they were covered in ice by the time Perrault and Francois pulled them out of the river. Again, a fire was needed to save them. Another time, Spitz and the dogs in front fell through the ice—Buck and Dave and Francois at the sledge had to pull backwards. That day they travelled only four hundred metres.When they got to the Hootalinqua and good ice, Buck and the other dogs were very, very tired. But they were late, so Perrault made them run faster. In three days they went a hundred and eighty kilometres and reached the Five Fingers.The other dogs had hard feet from years of pulling sledges, but Buck's feet were still soft from his easy life down south. All day he ran painfully, and when they camped for the night, he lay down like a dead dog. He was hungry, but he was too tired to walk to the fish, so Francois brought it to him. One day Francois made four little shoes for him, and this made Buck much more comfortable. Francois forgot the shoes one morning, and Buck refused to move. He lay on his back with his feet in the air, until Francois put the shoes on. Later his feet grew harder and the shoes were not needed.One morning, at the Pelly River, a dog called Delly went suddenly mad. She howled long and loud like a wolf and then jumped at Buck. Buck ran, with Dolly one step behind him. She could not catch him, but he could not escape from her. They ran half a kilometre, and then Buck heard Francois call to him. He turned and ran towards the man, sure that Francois would save him. Francois stood ,holding his axe, and as Buck passed, the axe crashed down on Dolly's head.Buck fell down by the sledge, too tired to move. Immediately, Spitz attacked him and bit his helpless enemy twice, as hard as he could. But Francois saw this, and gave Spitz a terrible beating for it.‘He's a wild dog, that Spitz,’ said Perrault.’ One day he'll kill Buck.’‘Buck is wilder,’ replied Francois.’ I've been watching him. One day he'll get very angry and he'll fight Spitz；and he'll win.’ Francois was right. Buck wanted to be lead-dog. Spitz knew this and hated him. Buck started to help the other dogs when Spitz punished them for being lazy. One morning, Pike refused to get up, and Spitz looked for him everywhere. When he found him, he jumped at him. But suddenly, Buck at－tacked Spitz. The other dogs saw this, and it became more and more difficult for Spitz to lead them. But the days passed without a chance for a fight, and soon they were pulling into Dawson City on a cold grey afternoon.They stayed in Dawson for seven days. When they left, Perrault was carrying some more very important papers, and he wanted to travel back as fast as possible.They travelled eighty kilometres the first day, and the same the second. But it was difficult work for Francois. Buck and Spitz hated each other, and the other dogs were not afraid of Spitz any more. One night Pike stole half a fish from Spitz, and ate it standing next to Buck. And every time Buck went near Spitz, he growled and the hair on his back stood up angrily. The other dogs fought in their harnesses and Francois often had to stop the sledge. He knew that Buck was the problem, but Buckwas too clever for him and Francois never saw him actually starting a fight.One night in camp, the dogs saw a snow rabbit and in a second they were all chasing it, with Spitz in front. Nearby was another camp, with fifty dogs, who also Joined the chase. The rabbit was running fast on top of the snow, but the snow was soft, and it was more difficult for the dogs. When Spitz caught the rabbit, throwing it in the air with his teeth, Buck was just behind. Spitz stopped, and Buck hit him, very hard. The two dogs fell in the snow. Spitz bit Buck very quickly, twice, and then jumped away, watching carefully.The time had come, and Buck knew that either he or Spitz must die. They watched one another, circling slowly. The moon was shining brightly on the snow, and in the cold still air not a leaf moved on the trees. The other dogs finished eating the rabbit and then turned to watch.Spitz was a good fighter. He was full of hate and anger, but he was also intelligent. Every time Buck tried to bite his throat, he met Spitz's own teeth. Then, each time Buck attacked, Spitz moved and bit him on the side as he passed. After a few minutes, Buck was covered in blood.He attacked again, but this time turned at the last minute and went under Spitz, biting his left front leg. The bone broke, and Spitz was standing on three legs. Buck tried to knock Spitz down, and then repeated his earlier attack and broke Spitz's right front leg.There was no hope for Spitz now. Buck got ready for his final attack, while the circle of sixty dogs watched, and crowded nearer and nearer, waiting for the end. At last Buck jumped, in and out, and Spitz went down in the snow. A second later the waiting pack was on top of him, and Spitz had disappeared. Buck stood and watched. The wild animal had made its kill.4 The new lead-dog‘Well, what did I say? Buck’ s a real fighter, all right,’ said Francois the next morning when he discovered that Spitz had disappeared and that Buck was covered in blood.‘Spitz fought like a wolf,’ said Perrault, as he looked at the bites all over Buck.‘And Buck fought like ten wolves,’ answered Francois.’ And we'll travel faster now. No more Spitz, no more trouble.’Francois started to harness the dogs. He needed a new lead－dog, and decided that Solleks was the best dog that he had. But Buck jumped at Solleks and took his place.‘Look at Buck!’ said Francois, laughing.’ He's killed Spitz, and now he wants to be lead－dog. Go away, Buck!’He pulled Buck away and tried to harness Solleks again. Solleks was unhappy too. He was frightened of Buck, and when Francois turned his back, Buck took Solleks’ place again. Now Francois was angry.‘I'll show you!’ he cried, and went to get a heavy club from the sledge.Buck remembered the man in the red coat, and moved away. This time, when Solleks was harnessed as lead-dog, Buck did not try to move in. He kept a few metres away and circled around Francois carefully. But when Francois called him to his old place in front of Dave, Buck refused. He had won his fight with Spitz and he wanted to be lead－dog.For an hour the two men tried to harness him. Buck did not run away, but he did not let them catch him. Finally, Francois sat down, and Perrault looked at his watch. It was getting late. The twomen looked at one another and smiled Francois walked up to Solleks, took off his harness, led him back and harnessed him in his old place. Then he called Buck. All the other dogs were harnessed and the only empty place was now the one at the front But Buck did not move.‘Put down the club,’ said Perrault.Francois dropped the club, and immediately Buck came up to the front of the team. Francois harnessed him ,and in a minute the sledge was moving.Buck was an excellent leader. He moved and thought quickly and led the other dogs well. A new leader made no difference to Dave and Solleks；they continued to pull hard .But the other dogs had had an easy life when Spitz was leading. They were surprised when Buck made them work hard and punished them for their mistakes Pike, the second dog, was usually lazy；but by the end of the first day he was pulling harder than he had ever pulled in his life. The first night in camp Buck fought Joe, another difficult dog, and after that there were no more problems with him. The team started to pull together, and to move faster and faster.‘I've never seen a dog like Buck!’ cried Francois,’ Never! He's worth a thousand dollars .What do you think, Perrault?’Perrault agreed. They were moving quickly, and covering more ground every day The snow was good and hard, and no new snow fell. The temperature dropped to 45°below zero, and didn't change.This time there was more ice on the Thirty Mile River, and they crossed in a day. Some days they ran a hundred kilometres, or even more They reached Skagway in fourteen days；the fastest time ever.For three days the dogs rested in Skagway. Then Francois put his arms around Buck's neck and said goodbye to him. And that was the last of Francois and Perrault. Like other men, they passed out of Buck's life for ever.Two new men took Buck and his team back north on the long journey to Dawson, travelling with several other dog－teams. It was heavy work；the sledge was loaded with letters for the gold miners of Dawson. Buck did not like it, but he worked hard, and made the other dogs work hard, too. Each day was the same. They started early, before it was light, and at night they stopped and camped and the dogs ate. For the dogs this was the best part of the day, first eating, then resting by the fire.Buck liked to lie by the fire, looking at the burning wood. Sometimes he thought about Mr. Miller's house in California. More of ten he remembered the man in the red coat and his club, the death of Curly, the fight with Spitz, and the good things that he had eaten But sometimes he remembered other things These were things that he remembered through his parents, and his parents parents, and all the dogs which had lived before him.Sometimes as he lay there, he seemed to see, in a waking dream, a different fire. And he saw next to him, not the Indian cook, but another man, a man with shorter legs, and longer arms. This man had long hair and deep eyes, and made strange noises in his throat He was very frightened of the dark, and looked around him all the time, holding a heavy stone in his hand .He wore the skin of an animal on his back, and Buck could see thick hair all over his body.Buck sat by the fire with this hairy man, and in the circling darkness beyond the fire he could see many eyes—the eyes of hungry animals waiting to attack. And he growled softly in his dream until。

The Call of the Wild1 To the northBuck did not read the newspapers．He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California．Men had found gold in the Yukon，and these men wanted big，strong dogs to work in the cold and snow of the north．Buck lived in Mr. Miller's big house in the sunny Santa Clara valley．There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house，and a river nearby．In a big place like this，of course，there were many dogs．There were house dogs and farm dogs，but they were not important．Buck was chief dog；he was born here，and this was his place ．He was four years old and weighed sixty kilos ．He went swimming with Mr. Miller's sons，and walking with his daughters ．He carried the grandchildren on his back，and he sat at Mr. Miller's feet in front of the fire in winter．But this was 1897，and Buck did not know that men and dogs were hurrying to north-west Canada to look for gold．And he did not know that Manuel，one of Mr. Miller's gardeners，needed money for his large family．One day，when Mr. Miller was out，Manuel and Buck left the garden together．It was just an evening walk，Buck thought．No one saw them go，and only one man saw them arrive at the railway station．This man talked to Manuel，and gave him some money ．Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck's neck．Buck growled，and was surprised when the rope was pulled hard around his neck．He jumped at the man．The man caught him and suddenly Buck was on his back with his tongue out of his mouth．For a few moments he was unable to move，and it was easy for the two men to put him into the train．When Buck woke up，the train was still moving．The man was sitting and watching him，but Buck was too quick for him and he bit the man's hand hard．Then the rope was pulled again and Buck had to let go．That evening，the man took Buck to the back room of a bar in San Francisco．The barman looked at the man's hand and trousers covered in blood．‘How much are they paying you for this？’he asked．‘I only get fifty dollars．’‘And the m an who stole him—how much did he get？’ asked the barman．‘A hundred．He wouldn't take less．’‘That makes a hundred and fifty．It's a good price for a dog like him ．Here，help me to get him into this．’They took off Buck's rope and pushed him into a wooden box．He spent the night in the box in the back room of the bar．His neck still ached with pain from the rope，and he could not understand what it all meant ．What did they want with him，these strange men？And where was Mr. Miller？The next day Buck was carried in the box to the railway station and put on a train to the north．For two days and nights the train travelled north，and for two days and nights Buck neither ate nor drank．Men on the train laughed at him and pushed sticks at him through the holes in the box．For two days and nights Buck got angrier and hungrier and thirstier．His eyes grew red and he bit anything that moved．In Seattle four men took Buck to a small，high－walled back garden，where a fat man in an old red coat was waiting．Buck was now very angry indeed and he jumped and bit at the sides of his box．The fat man smiled and went to get an axe and a club．‘Are you going to take him out now？’ asked one of the men．‘Of course，’ answered the fat man，and he began to break the box with his axe．Immediately the four other men climbed up onto the wall to watch from a safe place．As the fat man hit the box with his axe，Buck jumped at the sides，growling and biting，pulling with his teeth at the pieces of broken wood．After a few minutes there was a hole big enough for Buck to get out．‘ Now，come here，red eyes，’ said the fat man，dropping his axe and taking the club in his right hand．Buck jumped at the man，sixty kilos of anger，his mouth wide open ready to bite the man's neck．Just before his teeth touched the skin，the man hit him with the club．Buck fell to the ground．It was the first time anyone had hit him with a club and he did not understand．He stood up，and jumped again．Again the club hit him and he crashed to the ground．Ten times he jumped at the man，and ten times the club hit him．Slowly he got to his feet，now only just able to stand．There was blood on his nose and mouth and ears．Then the fat man walked up and hit him again，very hard，on the nose．The pain was terrible．Again，Buck jumped at the man and again he was hit to the ground．A last time he jumped，and this time，when the man knocked him down，Buck did not move．‘He knows how to teach a dog a lesson，’ said one of the men on the wall．Then the four men jumped down and went back to the station．‘His name is Buck，’said the fat man to himself，reading the letter that had come with the box．‘Well，Buck，my by，’he said in a friendly voice，‘we've argued a little，and I think the best thing to do now is to stop．Be a good dog and we'll be friends．But if you're a bad dog，I'll have to use my club again．Understand？’As he spoke，he touched Buck’ s head，and although Buck was angry inside，he did not move．When the man brought him water and meat，Buck drank and then ate the meat，piece by piece，from the man's hand．Buck was beaten（he knew that）but he was not broken．He had learnt that a man with a club was stronger than him．Every day he saw more dogs arrive，and each dog was beaten by the fat man．Buck understood that a man with a club must be obeyed，although he did not have to be a friend．Men came to see the fat man and to look at the dogs．Some-times they paid money and left with one or more of the dogs．One day a short，dark man came and looked at Buck．‘That's a good dog！’ he cried．‘How much do you want for him？’‘Three hundred dollars．It's a good price，Perrault，’said the fat man．Perrault smiled and agreed that it was a good price．He knew dogs，and he knew that Buck was an excellent dog．‘One in ten thousand，’ Perrault said to h imself．Buck saw money put into the fat man’ s hand，and he was not surprised when he and another dog called Curly were taken away by Perrault．He took them to a ship，and later that day Buck and Curly stood and watched the coast get further and further away．They had seen the warm south for the last time．Perrault took Buck and Curly down to the bottom of the ship．There they met another man，Francois．Perrault was a French－Canadian，but Francois was half －Indian，tall and dark．Buck learnt quickly that Perrault and Francois were fair men，calm and honest．And they knew everything about dogs．There were two other dogs on the ship．One was a big dog called Spitz，as whiteas snow．He was friendly to Buck at first，always smiling．He was smiling when he tried to st eal Buck’ s food at the first meal．Francois was quick and hit Spitz before Buck had time to move．Buck decided that this was fair，and began to like Francois a little．Dave，the other dog，was not friendly．He wanted to be alone all the time．He ate and slept and was interested in nothing．One day was very like another，but Buck noticed that the weather was getting colder．One morning，the ship's engines stopped，and there was a feeling of excitement in the ship．Francois leashed the dogs and took them outside．At the first step Buck's feet went into something soft and white．He jumped back in surprise．The soft，white thing was also falling through the air，and it fell onto him．He tried to smell it，and then caught some on his tongue．It bit like fire，and then disappeared．He tried again and the same thing happened．People were watching him and laughing，and Buck felt ashamed，although he did not knowwhy．It was his first snow．2 The law of club and toothBuck's first day at Dyea Beach was terrible．Every hour there was some new，frightening surprise．There was no peace，no rest—only continual noise and movement．And every minute there was danger，because these dogs and men were not town dogs and men．They knew only the law of club and tooth．Buck had never seen dogs fight like these dogs；they were like wolves．In a few minutes he learnt this from watching Curly．She tried to make friends with a dog，a big one，although not as big as she was．There was no warning．The dog jumped on Curly，his teeth closed together，then he jumped away，and Curly's face was torn open from eye to mouth．Wolves fight like this，biting and jumping away，but the fight did not finish then．Thirty or forty more dogs ran up and made a circle around the fight，watching silently．Curly tried to attack the dog who had bitten her；he bit her a second time，and jumped away．When she attacked him again，he knocked her backwards，and she fell on the ground．She never stood up again，because this was what the other dogs were waiting for．They moved in，and in a moment she was under a crowd of dogs．It was all very sudden．Buck saw Spitz run out from the crowd with his tongueout of his mouth，laughing．Then he saw Francois with an axe，and two or three other men with clubs jump in among the dogs．Two minutes later the last of the dogs was chased away．But Curly lay dead in the snow，her body torn almost to pieces．Curly's death often came back to Buck in his dreams．He understood that once a dog was down on the ground，he was dead He also remembered Spitz laughing，and from that moment he hated him．Then Buck had another surprise．Francois put a harness on him．Buck had seen harnesses on horses，and now he was made to work like a horse，pulling Francois on a sledge into the forest and returning with wood for the fire．Buck worked with Spitz and Dave．The two other dogs had worked in a harness before，and Buck learnt by watching them．He also learnt to stop and turn when Francois shouted．‘Those three are very good dogs，’Francois told Perrault．‘That Buck pulls very well，and he's learning quickly．’Perrault had important letters and official papers to take to Dawson City，so that afternoon he bought two more dogs，two brothers called Billee and Joe．Billee was very friendly，but Joe was the opposite．In the evening Perrault bought one more dog，an old dog with one eye ．His name was Solleks，which means The Angry One．Like Dave，he made no friends；all he wanted was to be alone．That night Buck discovered another problem．Where was he going to sleep？Francois and Perrault were in their tent，but when he went in，they shouted angrily and threw things at him．Outside it was very cold and windy．He lay down in the snow，but he was too cold to sleep．He walked around the tents trying to find the other dogs．But，to his surprise，they had disappeared．He walked around Perrault's tent，very，very cold，wondering what to do．Suddenly，the snow under his feet fell in，and he felt something move．He jumped back，waiting for the attack，but heard only a friendly bark．There，in a warm hole under the snow，was Billee．So that was what you had to do．Buck chose a place，dug himself a hole and in a minute he was warm and asleep．He slept well，although his dreams were bad．When he woke up，at first he did not know where he was．It had snowed in the night and the snow now lay thick and heavy above him．Suddenly he was afraid—the fear of a wild animal when it is caught and cannot escape．Growling，he threw himself at the snow，and a moment later，he had jumped upwards into thedaylight．He saw the tents and remembered everything，from the time he had gone for a walk with Manuel to the moment he had dug the hole the night before．‘What did I say？’ shouted Francois to Perrault，when he saw Buck come up out of the snow．‘That Buck le arns quickly．’Perrault smiled slowly．He was carrying important papers，and he needed good dogs．He was very pleased to have Buck．They bought three more dogs that morning，and a quarter of an hour later all nine dogs were in harness and on their way up the Dyea Canyon．Buck was not sorry to be moving，and although it was hard work，he almost enjoyed it．He was also surprised to see that Dave and Solleks no longer looked bored and miserable．Pulling in a harness was their job，and they were happy to do it．Dave was sledge－dog，the dog nearest to the sledge．In front of him was Buck，then came Solleks．In front of them were the six other dogs，with Spitz as leader at the front．Francois had put Buck between Dave and Solleks because they could teach him the work．Buck learnt well，and they were good teachers．When Buck pulled the wrong way，Dave always bit his leg，but only lightly．Once，when they stopped，Buck got tied up in his harness，and it took ten minutes to get started again．Both Dave and Solleks gave him a good beating for that mistake．Buck understood，and was more careful after that．It was a hard day's journey，up the Dyea Canyon and into the mountains．They camped that night at Lake Bennett．Here there were thousands of gold miners．They were building boats to sail up the lake when the ice melted in the spring．Buck made his hole in the snow and slept well，but was woken up very early and harnessed to the sledge．The first day they had travelled on snow that had been hardened by many sledges and they covered sixty kilometres．But the next day，and for days afterwards，they were on new snow．The work was harder and they went slowly．Usually，Perrault went in front，on snowshoes，flattening the snow a little for the dogs．Francois stayed by the sledge．Sometimes the two men changed places，but there were many small lakes and rivers，and Perrault understood ice better．He always knew when the ice across a river was very thin．Day after day Buck pulled in his harness．They started in the morning before it was light，and they stopped in the evening after dark，ate a piece of fish，and went to sleep in their holes under the snow．Buck was always hungry．Francois gave him750 grams of dried fish a day，and it was never enough．The other dogs were given only 500 grams；they were smaller and could stay dive on less food．Buck learnt to eat quickly；if he was too slow，the other dogs stole his food．He saw Pike，one of the new dogs，steal some meat from the sledge when Perrault wasn't looking．The next day Buck stole some and got away unseen．Perrault was very angry，but he thought another dog，Dub，had taken it and so punished him instead of Buck．Buck was learning how to live in the north．In the south he had never stolen，but there he had never been so hungry．He stole cleverly and secretly，remembering the beatings from the man with the club．Buck was learning the law of club and tooth．He learnt to eat any food—anything that he could get his teeth into．He learnt to break the ice on water holes with his feet when he wanted to drink He was stronger，harder，and could see and smell better than ever before ．In a way，he was remembering back to the days when wild dogs travelled in packs through the forest，killing for meat as they went．It was easy for him to learn to fight like a wolf，because it was in his blood．In the evenings，when he pointed his nose at the moon and howled long and loud，he was remembering the dogs and wolves that had comebefore him．3 The wild animalThe wild animal was strong in Buck，and as he travelled across the snow，it grew stronger and stronger．And as Buck grew stronger，he hated Spitz more and more，although he was careful never to start a fight．But Spitz was always showing his teeth to Buck，trying to start a fight．And Buck knew that if he and Spitz fought，one of them would die．The fight almost happened one night when they stopped by Lake Laberge．There was heavy snow and it was very cold．The lake was frozen and Francois，Perrault，and the dogs had to spend the night on the ice，under a big rock．Buck had made a warm hole in the snow and was sorry to leave it to get his piece of fish．But when he had eaten．and returned to his hole，he found Spitz in it．Buck had tried not to fight Spitz before，but this was too much．He attacked him angrily．Spitz was surprised．He knew Buck was big，but he didn’ t know he was so wild．Francois was surprised too，and guessed why Buck was angry．‘Go on Buck！’ heshouted．‘Fight him，the dirty thief！’Spitz was also ready to fight，and the two dogs circled one another，looking for the chance to jump in．But suddenly there was a shout from Perrault，and they saw eighty or a hundred dogs around the sledge．The dogs came from an Indian village，and they were searching for the food that they could smell on the sledge．Perrault and Francois tried to fight them off with their clubs，but the dogs，made crazy by the smell of the food，showed their teeth and fought back．Buck had never seed dogs like these．They were all skin and bone，but hunger made them fight like wild things．Three of them attacked Buck and in seconds his head and legs were badly bitten．Dave and Solleks stood side by side，covered in blood，fighting bravely．Joe and Pike jumped on one dog，and Pike broke its neck with one bite．Buck caught another dog by the neck and tasted blood．He threw himself on the next one，and then felt teeth in his own neck．It was Spitz，attacking him from the side．Perrault and Francois came to help with clubs，but then they had to run back to save the food ．It was safer for the nine sledge－dogs to run away across the lake．Several of them were badly hurt，and they spent an unhappy night hiding among the tress．At first light they returned to the sledge and found Perrault and Francois tired and angry．Half their food was gone．The Indian dogs had even eaten one of Perrault's shoes．Francois looked at his dogs unhappily．‘Ah，my friends，’he said softly，‘Perhaps those bites will make you ill．What do you think，Perrault？’Perrault said nothing．They still had six hundred kilometres to travel，and he hoped very much that his sledge－dogs had not caught rabies from the Indian dogs．The harness was torn and damaged and it was two hours before they were moving，travelling slowly and painfully over the most difficult country that they had been in．The Thirty Mile River was not frozen．It ran too fast to freeze．They spent six days trying to find a place to cross，and every step was dangerous for dogs and men．Twelve times they found ice bridges across the river，and Perrault walked carefully onto them，holding a long piece of wood．And twelve times he fell through a bridge and was saved by the piece of wood，which caught on the sides ofthe hole．But the temperature was 45° below zero，and each time Perrault fell into the water，he had to light a fire to dry and warm himself．Once，the sledge fell through the ice，with Dave and Buck，and they were covered in ice by the time Perrault and Francois pulled them out of the river．Again，a fire was needed to save them．Another time，Spitz and the dogs in front fell through the ice—Buck and Dave and Francois at the sledge had to pull backwards．That day they travelled only four hundred metres．When they got to the Hootalinqua and good ice，Buck and the other dogs were very，very tired．But they were late，so Perrault made them run faster．In three days they went a hundred and eighty kilometres and reached the Five Fingers．The other dogs had hard feet from years of pulling sledges，but Buck's feet were still soft from his easy life down south．All day he ran painfully，and when they camped for the night，he lay down like a dead dog．He was hungry，but he was too tired to walk to the fish，so Francois brought it to him．One day Francois made four little shoes for him，and this made Buck much more comfortable．Francois forgot the shoes one morning，and Buck refused to move．He lay on his back with his feet in the air，until Francois put the shoes on．Later his feet grew harder and the shoes were not needed．One morning，at the Pelly River，a dog called Delly went suddenly mad．She howled long and loud like a wolf and then jumped at Buck．Buck ran，with Dolly one step behind him．She could not catch him，but he could not escape from her．They ran half a kilometre，and then Buck heard Francois call to him．He turned and ran towards the man，sure that Francois would save him．Francois stood ，holding his axe，and as Buck passed，the axe crashed down on Dolly's head．Buck fell down by the sledge，too tired to move．Immediately，Spitz attacked him and bit his helpless enemy twice，as hard as he could．But Francois saw this，and gave Spitz a terrible beating for it．‘He's a wild dog，that Spitz，’said Perrault．‘One day he'll kill Buck．’‘Buck is wilder，’replied Francois．‘I've been watching him．One day he'll get very angry and he'll fight Spitz；and he'll win．’ Francois was right．Buck wanted to be lead-dog．Spitz knew this and hated him．Buck started to help the other dogs when Spitz punished them for being lazy．One morning，Pike refused to get up，and Spitz looked for him everywhere．When he found him，he jumped at him．Butsuddenly，Buck attacked Spitz．The other dogs saw this，and it became more and more difficult for Spitz to lead them．But the days passed without a chance for a fight，and soon they were pulling into Dawson City on a cold grey afternoon．They stayed in Dawson for seven days．When they left，Perrault was carrying some more very important papers，and he wanted to travel back as fast as possible．They travelled eighty kilometres the first day，and the same the second．But it was difficult work for Francois．Buck and Spitz hated each other，and the other dogs were not afraid of Spitz any more．One night Pike stole half a fish from Spitz，and ate it standing next to Buck．And every time Buck went near Spitz，he growled and the hair on his back stood up angrily．The other dogs fought in their harnesses and Francois often had to stop the sledge．He knew that Buck was the problem，but Buck was too clever for him and Francois never saw him actually starting a fight．One night in camp，the dogs saw a snow rabbit and in a second they were all chasing it，with Spitz in front．Nearby was another camp，with fifty dogs，who also Joined the chase．The rabbit was running fast on top of the snow，but the snow was soft，and it was more difficult for the dogs．When Spitz caught the rabbit，throwing it in the air with his teeth，Buck was just behind．Spitz stopped，and Buck hit him，very hard．The two dogs fell in the snow．Spitz bit Buck very quickly，twice，and then jumped away，watching carefully．The time had come，and Buck knew that either he or Spitz must die．They watched one another，circling slowly．The moon was shining brightly on the snow，and in the cold still air not a leaf moved on the trees．The other dogs finished eating the rabbit and then turned to watch．Spitz was a good fighter．He was full of hate and anger，but he was also intelligent．Every time Buck tried to bite his throat，he met Spitz's own teeth．Then，each time Buck attacked，Spitz moved and bit him on the side as he passed．After a few minutes，Buck was covered in blood．He attacked again，but this time turned at the last minute and went under Spitz，biting his left front leg．The bone broke，and Spitz was standing on three legs．Buck tried to knock Spitz down，and then repeated his earlier attack and broke Spitz's right front leg．There was no hope for Spitz now．Buck got ready for his final attack，while the circle of sixty dogs watched，and crowded nearer and nearer，waiting for theend．At last Buck jumped，in and out，and Spitz went down in the snow．A second later the waiting pack was on top of him，and Spitz had disappeared．Buck stood and watched．The wild animal had made its kill．4 The new lead-dog‘Well，what did I say？Buck’ s a real fighter，all right，’ said Francoi s the next morning when he discovered that Spitz had disappeared and that Buck was covered in blood．‘Spitz fought like a wolf，’said Perrault，as he looked at the bites all over Buck．‘And Buck fought like ten wolves，’ answered Francois．‘And we'll travel f aster now．No more Spitz，no more trouble．’Francois started to harness the dogs．He needed a new lead－dog，and decided that Solleks was the best dog that he had．But Buck jumped at Solleks and took his place．‘Look at Buck！’ said Francois，laughing．‘He's k illed Spitz，and now he wants to be lead－dog．Go away，Buck！’He pulled Buck away and tried to harness Solleks again．Solleks was unhappy too．He was frightened of Buck，and when Francois turned his back，Buck took Solleks’ place again．Now Francois was angry．‘I'll show you！’ he cried，and went to get a heavy club from the sledge．Buck remembered the man in the red coat，and moved away．This time，when Solleks was harnessed as lead-dog，Buck did not try to move in．He kept a few metres away and circled around Francois carefully．But when Francois called him to his old place in front of Dave，Buck refused．He had won his fight with Spitz and he wanted to be lead－dog．For an hour the two men tried to harness him．Buck did not run away，but he did not let them catch him．Finally，Francois sat down，and Perrault looked at his watch．It was getting late．The two men looked at one another and smiled Francois walked up to Sol-leks，took off his harness，led him back and harnessed him in his old place．Then he called Buck．All the other dogs were harnessed and the only empty place was now the one at the front But Buck did not move．‘Put down the club，’ said Perrault．Francois dropped the club，and immediately Buck came up to the front of the team．Francois harnessed him ，and in a minute the sledge was moving．Buck was an excellent leader．He moved and thought quickly and led the other dogs well．A new leader made no difference to Dave and Solleks；they continued to pull hard ．But the other dogs had had an easy life when Spitz was leading．They were surprised when Buck made them work hard and punished them for their mistakes Pike，the second dog，was usually lazy；but by the end of the first day he was pulling harder than he had ever pulled in his life．The first night in camp Buck fought Joe，another difficult dog，and after that there were no more problems with him．The team started to pull together，and to move faster and faster．‘I've never seen a dog like Buck！’cried Francois，‘Never！He's worth a thousand dollars ．What do you think，Perrault？’Perrault agreed．They were moving quickly，and covering more ground every day The snow was good and hard，and no new snow fell．The temperature dropped to 45° below zero，and didn't change．This time there was more ice on the Thirty Mile River，and they crossed in a day．Some days they ran a hundred kilometres，or even more They reached Skagway in fourteen days；the fastest time ever．For three days the dogs rested in Skagway．Then Francois put his arms around Buck's neck and said goodbye to him．And that was the last of Francois and Perrault．Like other men，they passed out of Buck's life for ever．Two new men took Buck and his team back north on the long journey to Dawson，travelling with several other dog－teams．It was heavy work；the sledge was loaded with letters for the gold miners of Dawson．Buck did not like it，but he worked hard，and made the other dogs work hard，too．Each day was the same．They started early，before it was light，and at night they stopped and camped and the dogs ate．For the dogs this was the best part of the day，first eating，then resting by the fire．Buck liked to lie by the fire，looking at the burning wood．Sometimes he thought about Mr. Miller's house in California．More of ten he remembered the man in the red coat and his club，the death of Curly，the fight with Spitz，and the good things that he had eaten But sometimes he remembered other things These were things that he remembered through his parents，and his parents parents，and all the dogs which had lived before him．Sometimes as he lay there，he seemed to see，in a waking dream，a differentfire．And he saw next to him，not the Indian cook，but another man，a man with shorter legs，and longer arms．This man had long hair and deep eyes，and made strange noises in his throat He was very frightened of the dark，and looked around him all the time，holding a heavy stone in his hand ．He wore the skin of an animal on his back，and Buck could see thick hair all over his body．Buck sat by the fire with this hairy man，and in the circling darkness beyond the fire he could see many eyes—the eyes of hungry animals waiting to attack．And he growled softly in his dream until the Indian cook shouted，‘Hey，Buck，wake up！’Then the strange world disappeared and Buck's eyes saw the real fire again．When they reached Dawson，the dogs were tired，and needed a week's rest But in two days they were moving south again，with another heavy load of letters．Both dogs and men were unhappy．It snowed every day as well，and on soft new snow it was harder work pulling the sledges．The men took good care of their dogs．In the evenings，the dogs ate first，the men second，and they always checked the dogs’ feet before they slept．But every day the dogs became weaker．Buck had pulled sledges for three thousand kilometres that winter，and he was as tired as the others．But Dave was not only tired；he was ill．Every evening he lay down the minute after the sledge stopped，and did not stand up until morning．The men looked at him，but they could find no broken bones．Something was wrong inside．One day he started to fall down while in his harness．The sledge stopped，and the driver took him out of his harness．He wanted to give him a rest，and let him run free behind the sledge．But Dave did not want to stop working．He hated to see another dog doing his work，so he ran along beside the sledge，trying to pushSol-leks out of his place．When the sledge made its next stop，Dave bit through Sol-leks’ harness and pushed him away．Then he stood there，in his old place in front of the sledge，waiting for his harness and the order to start pulling．The driver decided it was kinder to let him work．Dave pulled all day，but the next morning he was too weak to move．The driver harnessed up without Dave，and drove a few hundred metres．Then he stopped，took his gun，and walked back．The dogs heard a shot，and then the man came quickly back．The sledge started to move again；but Buck knew，and every dog knew，what had happened．5 More hard work。

THECALLOFTHEWILD读后感（精选5篇）第一篇：THE CALL OF THE WILD读后感Wolfish Howl and Half-Sobs Chant——the call of the wild Finishing a novel in two days was a fresh experience to me.I was deeply fascinated by Buck’s return to nature.It is a journey to rediscover the insidious instinct, suffering and learning.Many characters,dogs and men,played important roles on his way back to the forest.The first one must be Spitz.Firstly,Spitz,as laed-dog and acknowledged master of the team,had capability and proficience.He was an apt teacher,never allowing buck to linger long in error,and enforcing his teaching with h is sharp teeth.If spitz hadn’t instructed him,buck would not have mastered his work in such a short period.Secondly, his cruelty also left me a strong impression.After he ripped friendly curly’s face without any warning and finally led to curly’s death,he ran out his tongue and laughed.He even bore malice to that innocent dog curly in their first and last encounter.Thirdly,he was cold and calculating even in his supreme moods.He snatched at every chance to nip his potential contender, buck, in the bud.Spitz symbolized the cruel but competent commander in reality.Spitz acted as a spur to push buck forward.The second one is John Thornton.The show of John Thornton marked the final struggle between humanity and the wild spirit.Firstly,he gave buck selfless love that buck never had before.With the Judge's son, hunting and tramping, it had been a working partnership;with the Judges's grandsons, a sort of pompous guardianship;and with the Judge himself, a stately and dignified friendship.But love that was feverish and burning, that was adoration, that was madness, it had taken John Thornton toarouse.John Thornton had saved buck’s life, which was something;but, further, he was the ideal master.Other men saw to the welfare of their dogs from a sense of duty and business expediency;he saw to the welfare of his as if they were his own children, because he could not help it.John Thornton gave buck a kind of love that only consists in human beings.That’s why buck rewarded Thornton extremely faith and trust.When Thornton commanded buck to jump into the cliff,buck jumped without hesitation.The next instant he was grappling with Buck on the extreme edge, while Hans and Pete were dragging them back into safety.Buck had utterly faith and obedience in him.Secondly, Thornton Stimu lated buck’s potential via love and encouragement.In the heated competition,twenty fifty-pound sacks of flour was an impossible load for other dogs that didn’t have a beloved master like thornton,but not for buck.Thirdly, Thornton was buck’s last connectio n with human beings.Buck had great affection for Thornton.For a long time after his rescue, Buck did not like Thornton to get out of his sight.From the moment he left the tent to when he entered it again, Buck would follow at his heels.His transient masters since he had come into the Northland had bred in him fear that no master could be permanent.He was afraid that Thornton would pass out of his life as Perrault and Francois and the Scotch half-breed had passed out.An instance could verfy this.Although so peremptorily did these shades of nature beckon him, that each day mankind and the claims of mankind slipped farther from him.The love for John Thornton drew him back to the fire again.Thornton alone held him.The rest of mankind was as nothing.Here is another proof.Buck and the timber wolf stopped by a running stream to drink, and, stopping, Buck rememberedJohn Thornton.He sat down,declining to proceed and holding steadily on his way back to thornton.Eventually,the death of Thornton left a great void in him,somewhat akin to hunger,but a void which ached and ached,and which food could not fill.John Thornton was dead.The warmth from humanity faded away.The last tie was broken.Man and the claims of man no longer bound him.The third one is Dave.Dave was indifferent at first.He desired to be left alone,asked nothing,gave nothing and expected nothing.These showed his loftiness,in line with his subsequent alternation.He was utterly transformed by the harness.All passiveness and unconcern had dropped from him.He was alert and active.The toil of the traces seemed the supreme expression of his being, and all that he lived for and the only thing in which they took delight.Though seemingly indifferent,he has his pride in work,which could prove his being.Dave was a dog of dignity.Plastered by certain unknowing pain,he strove to leap inside his trace and pleaded with his eyes to remain in his own position.Although injured and too old for the toil,it’s his pride to die in the traces,heart-easy and content.He stood on his dignity to the last gasp.Dave merited our respect.He represented the kind of people who seemingly paid no heed to the external world,but assumed the liability in peril.The fourth one is the fifty huskies.They were neither the strongest,nor the weakest.They obeyed the brutal principle that the weak are the prey of the strong.In buck’s final fight with spitz,once Buck went over, and the whole circle of fifty dogs started up;but he recovered himself, almost in mid air, and the circle sank down again and waited.The fifty huskies symbolized the greedy numb ordinary people.They were cold and detached onlooker,just like the indifferent onlooker in Mistress Xiang Lin.The sixth one was Nig andskeet.Nig and skeet were extinct in the novel.They had the generosity and kindness like their master Thornton.Nig had the doctor trait which some dogs possess;and as a mother cat washes her kittens,so she washed and cleaned buck’s wounds.Each morning,she performed her self-appointed task.Skeet had eyes that laughed and a boundless good nature.Maybe,this kind of good nature came from his master.The mildness existed in them didn’t conceal their good nature.Nig was lying on the ground, dead where he had dragged himself, an arrow protruding, head and feathers from either side of his body.This was the bloody scene that Nig passed away.She fought to the last gasp.Nig,Skeet and their master Thornton consisted a vestige of civilized warmth in Buck’s harsh life.When they passed away,the instinct featured.The last one is the main character Buck.He was an extraordinary exception.Unlike ordinary southland dogs,they were too soft, dying under the toil,the frost,and the starvation.Buck fitted to survive in the hostile northland environment.It marked his adaptability, his capacity to adjust himself to changing conditions, the lack of which would have meant swift and terrible death.It marked further the decay or going to pieces of his moral nature, a vain thing and a handicap in the ruthless struggle for existence.Physically,He alone endured and prospered,matching the husky in strength,savagery,and cunning.His muscles became hard as iron,and he grew callous to all ordinary pain.He lost his fastidiousness and could eat anything,and once eaten,digest utterly and swiftly.His sight and scent became remarkably keen.Memtally,He was a masterful dog,no longer have blind pluck and rashness.Firstly,he mastered the art of dog relationship.He sacured the offending Pike deliberately,thoughfailed and interfered between Spitz and the culprits to provoke a general insubordination.Insidious revolt led by Buck destroyed the solidary of the team.Buck backed up the reminder of the team.All these strategies finally led to his unshakable leadership on the team.Secondly,Buck was agile learner built to withstand regular disruptionHe learned from direct lesson,such as lessen from club and fang.Buck remembered the man in the red sweater, and retreated slowly;not did he attempt to charge in when Sol-leks was once more brought forward.Another Lessen,from spitz and the chief fighting dogs of the police,was to be merciless ,never drawing back from a foe.No middle course,master or be mastered.He also learned from indirect experience,the death of kind-hearted curly.The abrupt assault made him act timid to avoid fight in his rising power period.Thirdly,he is fully competent.Buck took up the duties of leadership;and where judgment was required, and quick thinking and quick acting, he showed himself the superior even of Spitz, of whom Francois had never seen an equal.Buck recalled the nature and instinct enshrined in him.The strain of the primitive,which the northland had aroused in him,remained alive and active,never leave him.Four instincts appeared.First,he found pride from trail and trace made buck’s clash of leadership, from running free in the open,the unpacked earth underfoot,the wild sky overhead.He proved one’s vitality by running.Second,the blood lust,the joy to kill.He got satisfaction from Bloody conquest.The blood-longing became stronger than ever before.He was a killer, a thing that preyed, living on the things that lived, unaided,alone, by virtue of his own strength and prowess, surviving triumphantly in a hostile environment where only the strong survived.Third,wildness and wiliness.Honesty wasa thing in a civilized society,not a thing of the wild.Buck could steal food when he almost starved to death.He did not steal for joy of it, but because of the clamour of his stomach.He did not rob openly, but stole secretly and cunningly, out of respect for club and fang.In short, the things he did were done because it was easier to do them than not to do them.Finally,he ducked his lofty head before survival.Fourth,he learned to be patient.There is a patience of the wild-dogged, tireless, persistent as life itself-that holds motionless for endless hours the spider in its web, the snake in its coils, the panther in its ambuscade;this patience belongs peculiarly to life when it hunts its living food;and it belonged to Buck as he clung to the flank of the herd, retarding its march.Above all,t he theme of the novel is buck’s return to nature.Buck’s life is just like man’s life,full of pain and struggle.I have read a great number of articles that feature the thought of the survival of the fittest in The Call of The Wild.Nevertheless,I find the Greek tragedy enshrined in this novel.First,the main character,Buck,is a dog,but an extraordinary exceptional dog.In fact,Buck finally became a wolfish dog and king in the wild.Just like those heroes in Greek-Roman mythology,they are human beings,but eminent human beings-heroes.Second,Buck’s life is stuffing with hardship and struggle,just like heroes’ life.Under the harsh environment,under the lash,under the club,buck enforced himself to adapt to the cruel changes.He had almost been battered to death by the man in the red sweater and bitten into pieces by the ferocious Spitz,until he mastered the skill of survival.He used his endurance and capability to smooth his thorny way.Third,after all the twists and turns,ups and downs,Buck had won to some extent.He recalled the insidious instinct.He responded to the call of the wild and returned to theobsessing forest as the identity of the king.Similarly,Archilles successfully revenged and led to the sack of Troy.Fourth,Buck lost the last vestige of warmth and happiness-his beloved master.His life had unforgettable regrets.At the end of the novel,when he mused for a time, howling once, long and mournfully on the spot that that Thornton was killed,no one could define the ending was a happy ending.In fact,it was a tragedy that brutally unfolded in front of us.While he acquired the skills for survival,he lost his last silver lining,left in a cold and sterile world.That’s why the wolfish long-drawn howl was half-sobs.They were endowed standouts.They went through the tortures of life.But,they had a bad ending.What did the Jack London and Greek want to express?To be a pessimist?No.The tragedy means the uncertainty of the road ahead of us,the inherent fear to the unknown external world.In this condition,all the effort we made should be complemented.Indeed,we were slight in confront with the Nature and the fate.Despite the humanity's insignificant place,no one can disdain the infinite defiance of us.Half-Sobs chant reveals the essence of life that life is a tragedy while wolfish howl praises the dauntless defiance of human beings.The Call of The Wild is a chant towards the great humanity.第二篇：读后感中国梦我的梦读《走复兴路圆中国梦》有感今天，我怀着激动的心情，拿着刚发下来的《走复兴路，圆中国梦》这本书，由此丰富了我对中国梦的解读。

The call of the wildThe Call of the Wild is one of my favorite novels. The writer of it is Jack London was born in12 January 1876 and died in 22 November 1916.He was an American author who wrote The Call of the Wild and other books. A pioneer in the then-burgeoning world of commercial magazine fiction, he was one of the first Americans to make a lucrative career exclusively from writing.Buck. The main character .buck was born a distinctive dog, who had inherited strength from his father and wisdom from his mother. What’s more, he was born in a notable family. Thus he was brought well without much hardship.But the news that people have found gold in the Arctic zone made dogs a very precious transportation tool. Unfortunately, buck was sold by a greedy servant. Thus began his long journey as a transportation dog. First, he was very furious with the people who got close to him. But one day, a man who was very skillful at training dogs, beat Buck so hard that Buck learnt the lesson of Law of Club and Fang.Form then on, he was submissive to anyone who held a club. Then he was traded to two men who went to the Arctic zone to search fortune. It was in the groups of dogs that he met the leader dog, Spitz. As we have said before, Buck was a dog that was very different. He had the instinct to be the leader. But the situation wasn’t that optimistic. However he waited and waited for the best chance. And at last, it did come. It was in the race of chasing a rabbit that Buck defeated Spitz and Spitz was eaten by the hungry group of dog. Then Buck established his leadership. After the group of dogs got to the Arctic zone, they began another long and tired journey. They had to deliver letters from workers in the Arctic zone to their family members. The journey was full of hardship. They lacked of food, at the same time they had to travel a long way every day as scheduled. What’s worse, the two men who were in charge of the groups of dogs beat Buck really hard.One day, the two owners beat Buck so hard that he was going to die. Just then, a man named John Thornton came out to stop the “slaughter”. Buck was saved and he established a firm friendship with John Thornton. Buck helped John won a gamble and saved his life once. But what made Buck really outstanding was his revenge for his master. One day aborigines slaughtered his master and the other people. Because of Buck’s deep love for his master, he lost his control and bitten the aborigines and drove them away. In the end, he became the leader of a group of wolves in the valley where he was knownas Ghost Dog and where the aborigines could never take the risk to step into the valleyWhat is “the wild” in The Call of the Wild? In my opinion, “the wild” means a real dog that has not been tamed by humans, a dog that wants to go back to nature without any sign of humans, or we can say a dog that wants to be a wolf, as we all know wolves are the ancestors of dogs. On the other hand, “the wild” also means the wild nature. So we can say that “The Call of the Wild” also mea ns “The Call of the Nature”. Why does Buck want to go back to nature? Buck was born in a notable family, and lived a comfortable and happy life. But when he was sold out and had the chance to get close to nature, he got wilder and wilder. In the end, he revenged his master, drove out the aborigine and lived alone with his gang of wolves without any human. His going back to nature is a perfect explanation for his extreme disappointment to human civilization for he was badly treated by humans, even though his last master was very friendly to him.My opinion, Jack London’s arrangement for Buck’s fate was somewhat affected by the ideas of atavism. Survival of the fittest Previously Buck was a very notable and gracious dog. But when he was sold out he learnt to steal other dogs’ food for the first time because there was not enough food. If he didn’t steal, he mightn’t survive. Loyalty Though Buck’s master changed for several times, he alwaysShowed respect to his masters. Especially when his last master was in danger, he even risked his own life to save his master. Praise for hard-working though the condition was extremely tough, Buck led his group of dog to the Arecas we know, Buck answers the call of and returns to the wild finally. In my opinion, the call is not from the wild though Buck often hears the howl of the wolves. Instead, it is from the bottom of Buck’s heart. The call is the will or the instinct which makes him wants to be him: A wolf. I think every one of us has a call in our hearts. The call is our dream, goal or something we really want to do. However, under the pressure of society, we often have to give up our dreams or goals, and do things we are unwilling to do. So we should learn something from Buck: Just follow the call, and be yourself! Tic zone successful Although Buck is a dog, but his tough way of life and his attitude to the life can absolutely reflect the real world of the author’s age. What’s more, the connotation the story wants to tell us is the inevitable result of the development of capitalism. It teaches us if we want to survive we must perfect ourselves now and then and we should know the real meaning of the theory “the survival of the fittest”. Simultaneously the author suggests that in the competitivesociety and the austere natural environment only the person who is of enormous perseverance and strength can have the possibility of survival. In the story, the relationship between human and dog changes along with the attitude that human treats the dog. But unfortunately, Buck never receives equal love and respect from human being. Actually, the author also wants to appeal for the humanity and sympathy for animals as wellThe dogs in the book are all loyal to their masters. For example, a man makes a wager with Thornton over Buck's strength and devotion. Buck wins the bet by breaking a half-ton sled out of the frozen ground, then pulling it 100 yards by himself. In addition, all dogs have sense of honor. They are all proud of being sled dogs, and devote themselves to the work. For example, Dave, who is going to die, still insists on working. “Sick as he was, Dave resented being taken out, grunting and growling while the traces were unfastened and whimpering broken-heartedly when he saw Sol-leeks (another dog) in the position he had held and served so long. For the pride of trace and trail was his, and, sick to death, he could not bear that another dog should do his work.” Both loyalty and honor are based on love which is what touches me deeply. Because of love to Thornton, Buck does such thing that seems impossible to accomplish. Because of sense of honor, Dave insists on working till he diesAs we know, Buck answers the call of and returns to the wild finally. In my opinion, the call is not from the wild though Buck often hears the howl of the wolves. Instead, it is from the bottom of Buck’s heart. The call is the will or the instinct which makes him want to be himself: A wolf. I think every one of us has a call in our hearts. The call is our dream, goal or something we really want to do. However, under the pressure of society, we often have to give up our dreams or goals, and do things we are unwilling to do. So we should learn something from Buck: Just follow the call, and be yourself!Through Buck’s experience s living in the wild, Jack London wants to tell us that the world is dominated by those who are much stronger and more powerful than common people, and only the stronger ones could exist. This is the law of the club and fang. Buck gradually realizes the law and begins to obey the law after he is stolen and taken to the wild. The savage environment which is full of tricks, dangers and deaths turns him to be more powerful and cunning. Finally, he becomes the leader of his team. Similar to the wild, our society becomes crueler and crueler, and living in the society becomes harder and harder. If you want to exist, to have a good life, you should be tough enough to stand the sufferings; you should keep alert, watch and learn; you should make yourself stronger than others. This is the law of living.。

《野性的呼唤》是美国著名的小说家杰克·伦敦最著名的动物小说之一,它以其所包含的深刻的哲学思想、复杂的主题、生动活泼的语言、扣人心弦的情节和自然清新的艺术风格,而引起众多读者和评论家的注意。

本文主要从生命哲学的角度分析作品的思想主题,进而得出作者希望摆脱社会的桎梏,让生命返璞归真的美好愿望,号召大家响应作者对生命意识的呼唤。

Key words一介绍杰克·伦敦是美国19世纪末20世纪初著名的小说家。

他一生勤奋，在18年的创作生涯中发表了大量优美的小说。

在杰克·伦敦留给世人的文学遗产中，1903年发表的《野性的呼唤》是他最有代表性的作品。

{自然荒野中的野性}杰克·伦敦是美国文学史上一个传奇人物,虽然死时年仅40岁,但他留给我们大量的作品和丰富复杂的思想。

1876年1月12日,美国作家杰克·伦敦生于破产农民家庭,早年当过报童、工人、水手,到过日本。

1896年曾去加拿大北部淘金,这为他的创作积累了大量的素材。

他长期生活在社会底层,多年从事体力劳动,受尽了被剥削的痛苦。

他一面劳动,一面刻苦学习,发奋读书,靠惊人的毅力在创作上取得了成功。

他很早就接触了进步思想,但也深受尼采和斯宾塞的影响。

在《热爱生命》等短篇小说中反映了人同自然界的严酷斗争。

1902年曾以记者身份去英国,发表描写伦敦贫民的悲惨生活的《深渊中的人们》。

1904年发表长篇小说《海狼》,流露从生物学观点解释社会矛盾的倾向。

后相继完成长篇小说《铁蹄》,和自传性长篇小说《马丁·伊登》。

后期作品避开社会主题,显出同社会妥协的倾向,如《月谷》、《三颗心》等。

他在短暂的创作生涯中共创作了约50卷作品,其中最为著名的有《野性的呼唤》、《海狼》、《白牙》、《马丁·伊登》以及一系列优秀短篇小说。

他那带有传奇浪漫色彩的短篇小说,大多描写太平洋岛屿和阿拉斯加冰天雪地的土著人和白人生活,大部分都可说是他短暂一生的历险记。

TheCalloftheWild《野性的呼唤》读书报告The Wild is still calling——After reading The Call of The Wild Published in 1903,The Call of the Wild is Jack London’s famous novel set during the Klondike Gold Rush. Its author, Jack London, who had been a prospector in the Klondike Gold Rush in the late 1890s, was regarded as the America’s most famous author at that time.The novel’s protagonist is a dog named Buck, a physically impressive dog, living the good life in California when he gets stolen and put into dog slavery. For him, this means pulling a ridiculously heavy sled through miles and miles of frozen ice with little or nothing to eat and frequent beatings. As the definition of a domestic dog, Buck is out of his element until he begins to adapt to his surroundings, and learn from the other dogs.stay with Thornton, or kill things? Be civilized, or be wild? And naturally there are several missed phone calls from the wild.At the end of theCall of the Wild, Thornton is killed by the Yeehat tribe. Buck is then freeto run with the wild dog packs.The novel deals with Buck as though he were a person with thoughts and emotions and touches me by its theme of pursuing ancestral memory and primitive instincts.When Buck enters the wild, he must learn countless lessons in order to survive, and he learns them well. But the novel suggests that his success in the frozen North is not merely a matter of “learning”; rather, Buck gradually“recovers” primitive instincts and memories that his wild ancestors possed, which have been buried in modern civilized creatures,dogs. The technical term for what happens to Buck is atavism—the reappearance in a modern creature of traits that was defined by its remote forefathers. London returns to thistheme again and again, constantly reminding us that Buck is “retrogressing”, as the novelputs it into a wilder way of life that all dogs once shared ——“He was older than the dayshe had seen and the breaths he had drawn.” Buck even has occ asional visions of this older world, when humans wore animal skins and lived in caves, and when wild dogs hunted their prey in the primeval forests. His connection to his ancestral identity is more thaninstinctual; it is mystical. The civilized world, which seems so strong, turns out to be nothing more than a thin veneer, which is quickly worn away to reveal the ancient instinctslying dormant underneath. Buck hears the call of the wild, and London implies that, in the right circumstances, we might hear it too.Jack London isn’t necessarily making the claim that we should all run around naked,killing and eating with our bare hands. Instead, he uses a dog to ask the question of what all this civilization is really doing for us. Because aside from the starvation, beatings, and the nearly freezing to death, Buck might just be better off in the wild than where he was before this whole mess began. Why? Because it’s what he was meant to do, what his body was built for. So the next time you find yourself on the verge of giving in to those primal instincts, take a minute. And pick up the phone, because The Wild is still calling.。

TheCalloftheWild英文读后感第一篇：The Call of the Wild英文读后感The Call of the WildThe Call of the Wild written by Jack London is the most wonderful novel I had ever read.This is also the first English novel of original work I had ever finished reading.It attracts me so much that I finished reading by one whole day.I was so absorbing in it that I even forget all the things which had troubled me those days.I can see the picture in the novel, I think I even can imagine the look of Buck, even every details on his face.The Call of the Wild published in 1903, and became the best seller during that time.Its background is the unexplored north areas of America and the Klondike strikes which dragged men from all the world into the frozen North to look for gold.These men wanted heavy dogs, with strong muscles by which to toil and fury coats to protect them from the frost.Buck was a victim during this gold rush, and he was sold to the dog dealers by Manuel, a gardener’s helper who is also a confirmed gambler.Buck used to live a happy life in Judge Miller’s place where he gained respect from all creeping, crawling things, humans included.However the long struggle journey, Buck was handed over a man in the red sweater.During his life in there, he learned the law of the club and fang and, which made him avoid many troubles.Then he was sold to the next tormentors or the masters—two Canada government mails deliveries and went to the frozen north and became a sled dog.Under the rugged environment, Buck learned many survival skills, such as how to sled, how to sleep at night with warmness, how to steal food without starvation.Buck learned the law of jungle and survival ofthe fittest.He fight with the ferocious lead dog—Spitz, and replaced his place by his wits and strength, and soon became a famous leader dog.After this delivery, Buck’s team were sold to three stupid and stubborn gold diggers from south who did not know how to control the dogs and continued to oppressing the dog which leaded some dogs’ death.Fortunately, Buck came across Thornton, another gold digger, who saved the dying Buck’s life from these three gold diggers.However, other dogs and their masters all died by dropping in the cold river while ignoring Thornton’s warning.Thornton loved Buck, and so did him.Buck felt a kind a happiness he never felt before even in Judge Miller’s place.During Thornton’s toil, Buck saved his life twice and once won his wager, and they became unbreakable friends.There was a call from the forest that attracted Buck so much that awaked his primitive wildness.While once during his hunting for a moose for four days, Thornton and his friends were killed by the Indians.Buck was so angry that killed some Indians for revenge.Finally he came back the forest and became a leader wolf, but he would go to cave and mourn his friend Thornton every year.Buck’s change from “humanity” to “wildness” was the result of a series of different grown experiences and the physical and mental adjustments to the environment.His successful change was because he was smart, perseverance, studious, ambitious and had a brief of never being defeated.He reached what he wanted with continuous and wisdom struggles.The novel also shows the author’s attitude towards the human civilization and his Darwinian theory which reveals the cruel oppression and exploit of capitalism.In capitalist society, no matter men or animals, they all have to keep continuous fights tosurvival, and the weaker will be eliminated and the winner can stay for the next competition.Through this novel, we can see the controversial thoughts in author’s minds that are the fight between the human civilization and the wildness, the primitiveness, but finally, the wildness won, as Buck echoed the call of the nature and came back the life of his ancestors.第二篇：英文读后感这部纪录片虚构了一位主人公，她是一个09年出生的名叫LUCY 的小女孩，在本世纪很快就要到来的数十年时间中，她以自己在美国本土的成长经历，带领大家见证了地球生态、经济、环境、人类社会的变迁。

高中英文文学名著导读《野性的呼唤》（the call of the wild）一、关于作者（About the author）杰克·伦敦(Jack London,1876~1916)，美国著名的现实主义作家。

他一生著作颇丰，留有19部长篇小说、150多篇短篇小说三个剧本以及大量的文学报告集、随笔和论文。

其中最著名的代表作有《野性的呼唤》(The Callof the Wild)、《马丁·伊登》(Martin Eden)、《白牙》(White Fang)、《铁蹄》(The Iron Heel)、《海狼》(The Sea Wolf)等小说。

他的作品多以描述美国下层人民的生活，揭露资本主义社会的罪恶为主，常带有浓厚的社会主义和个人主义色彩。

杰克·伦敦笔下的人物常被置于极端严酷、生死攸关的环境中,以此来揭示最真实、最深刻的人性。

他的作品充满了对达尔文的“适者生存”的自然法则以及斯宾塞的社会达尔文主义的推崇,认为只有适应社会,做生活的强者才能生存。

杰克·伦敦幼年贫困，饱尝人间各种辛酸。

11岁就开始做童工,卖过报纸,当过水手,做过蚝贼,生活饥寒交迫。

1896年,21岁的杰克·伦敦踏上了淘金之旅,来到了天寒地冻的北极。

尽管因为患上败血症导致淘金梦破灭,但他却收获了丰富的创作素材。

在这一段时间里,他勾勒了很多小说的轮廓,其中便有《野性的呼唤》。

他曾计划自驾帆船环球旅行,但最终因船只搁浅而梦想破灭。

杰克·伦敦不安于过平静安逸的生活,曾经两次出任战地记者。

成名之后的杰克·伦敦陷入了金钱的泥沼和精神的空虚。

1916年11月21日晚,杰克·伦敦在他的豪华牧场里服用过量吗啡自杀,结束了他40岁的生命。

这一结局不仅是生命的终结,也是对人生路在何方的发问。

二、关于作品（About the work）（一）小说梗概（Plot summary）在阳光普照，温暖如春的南方，大法官米勒的庄园里生活着一群快乐悠闲地宠物狗，其中有一只身形硕大，时时彰显王者风范的混血狗，它叫巴克，它和大法官一家生活的其乐融融，然而有一天在一次看似平常的散步中，巴克被它一向信任的园丁偷卖到了条件恶劣的北方，自此，它的生活发生了转折，踏上了淘金的道路，成为一条拉雪橇的苦役犬。

英语原著野性的呼唤The Call of the Wild
巴克原是米勒法官家的一只爱犬，经过了文明的教化，一直生活在美国南部加州一个温暖的山谷里。

后被卖到美国北部寒冷偏远、盛产黄金的阿拉斯加，成了一只拉雪橇的狗。

它目睹了人与人、狗与狗、强者与弱者之间冷酷无情和生死争斗，于是为了生存，它学会了只求活命、不顾道义的处世原则，变得凶悍、机智而狡诈。

最后，在森林中狼群的呼唤下，巴克狼性复萌，逃入丛林，重归荒野。

在小说中，杰克·伦敦运用拟人手法，把狗眼中的世界及人类的本质刻画地淋漓尽致，反映了资本主义社会冷酷的现实和“优胜劣汰，适者生存”的客观现实。

巴克渴望并奔向了自由，这也正是作家的追求和理想的体现。

这就是美国近现代著名的现实主义作家——杰克·伦敦（1876—1916）写的杰出的长篇小说《野性的呼唤》的故事。

杰克·伦敦（1876——1916）美国作家。

他一生经历丰富、坎坷，对资本主义社会的黑暗和下层人民生活有深刻的认识，是一位多产而杰出的作家，他的作品揭露性强，又一股不可制服的虎虎生气，而且具有鲜明的民族色彩。

《野性的呼唤》是他的第一部畅销书，也是他动物小说中最为出色的名篇之一。

这部小说进一步发展了作者在他创作的系列《北方的故事》中所表现出来的激烈、清新、粗犷有力的性格，将充满冒险和野性的淘金生活以及在这种特殊环境中挣扎的狗的世界表现得淋漓尽致。

其重要作品有《野性的呼唤》、《白牙》、《海狼》、《马丁·伊登》等。

theCalloftheWild英文读后感（共5篇）第一篇：the Call of the Wild英文读后感Abstract: I read The Call of the Wild during May Day, a novel by Jack London who was an American author.Buck, a domesticated dog living at a ranch in the Santa Clara valley of California is the novel's central character.Unfortunately, he is stolen by the gardener and sold into the brutal existence of an Alaskan sled dog.He reverts to atavistic traits.Buck has to adjust to, and survive, cruel treatments and fight to dominate other dogs in a harsh climate.He sheds the veneer of civilization, relying on primordial instincts and lessons he learns, to emerge as a leader in the wild at last.While reading the story of Buck, I shed tears of sorrow and sympathy, and was moved by great courage and the bravery he has shown in the face of every challenge.The only thing I can do is to cheer for him in silence and wish he can be stronger to fight with difficulties.From Buck, what I have learnt is to fight bravely and intellectually until the last minute in my life.And that is a great asset we should learn to gain.I choose the book to finish my book report just because I appreciate Buck very much.Key words: brave, perseverance, The Call of the Wild, survival, fightingFirst of all, I would like to mention the author Jack London when I share my views of The Call of the Wild.London was a passionateadvocate of unionization, socialism, and the rights of workers and wrote several powerful works dealing with these topics such as his dystopian novel The Iron Heel, his non-fiction exposé The People of the Abyss, and The War of the Classes.[1]From his works, we can easily see that Jack London writes books in a wayof realism and naturalism.Also the reflection of naturalism is manifested in The Call of the Wild.With The Call of the Wild published in 1903, it made a reputation for London.As early as 1908 the novels was adapted to film and it has since seen several more cinematic adaptations.The book secured London a place in the canon of America literature.The Call of the Wild is one of the masterpieces of Jack London, which was combined with his experiences in the north when he was engaged in looking for gold.[3]The story was written as a frontier adventure and in such a way that it worked well as a serial., it is good episodic writing that embodies the style of magazine adventure writing popular in that period.“It leaves us with satisfaction at its outcome, a story well and truly told,” As Doctorow points out h e said.As we can know(if you have read the book), Buck has a lot of excellent quality, such as loyalty, powerful, intelligence and valiant fighting.At the same time, Buck is thankful.He will return for someone who is good to him.Just like John Thornton, a man had saved his life and became his ideal master, Buck saves the guy’s live and protect him in all time.“For a long time after his rescue, Buck did not like Thornton to get out of his sight.”, ”At such times he would shake off sleep and creep through the chill to the flap of the tent, where he would stand and listen to the sound of his master’s breathing.”[4] You have to admit that you also feel warmly when you across these sentence.Here, I feel Buck’s endless love for his master.When John Thornton was killed, for the first time in his life he allowed passion to usurp cunning and reason, and it was because of his great love for John Thornton that he lost his head.I do not think Buck will go back forest if John Thornton did not lose his live.Perhaps this is oneaspect that Buck does better than most people.As far as I am concerned, you can lose everything, but a thankful heart.Heart of appreciation is of great significance in our lives.A grateful heart is full, it is happy!After a long honed metaphor, in the face of harsh persecution or against without weakness and fearless, Buck became stronger.Buck’s response to the call of the wild was actually the continued the process of mining process of their own potential.To survive, he fights with the cold weather;to survive, he fights with other dogs;to survive, he fights with human.With the fierce struggle and the ability to quickly adapt to the environment, he turns to be the strong.You would admire that Buck is excellent to pursuit life himself.However difficult, he pulls through in the end.He is the last winner.There is something we can learn from Buck’s world.The law of club is one of them.When Buck was forced to sell the new owner, he tried to fight in his own way to show his unwilling.However, the law of club forced him to surrender the principles of the master.Of course it is wise of him to do so.It makes readers feel he is not a dog, because it owns the quality and characteristics we human have.No one would be so stupid that he still try it on the occasions of weak.Even in the true world of human, many people will choose to show themselves forbearing and conciliatory for the sake of the common good.They would not parade their superiority and strive to outshine others.I really appreciate it when Buck acts likes that he is tame to avoid the club.Now, here comes the theme of the book.The themes are conveyed through London's use of symbolism and imagery which, accordingto Labor, vary in the different phases.The imagery andsymbolism in the first phase, to do with the journey and self-discovery, shows physical violence, with strong images of pain and blood.[2]In this novel, London wants to tell us that Buck is a symbol of the stronger.He reflects the world through the description of the dog world.In his eyes, Buck is a man who is brave and honest instead of a dog.Here the strongest man takes all, and strength alone knows conflict, weakness is below even defeat, and is born vanquished.So buck must be adhered to it at all times.Once he surrenders or is knocked down, he would be the underdog and governed by others or even be killed.Actually, the primary theme of the story is of survival and a return to primitivism.But we can grasp more in Buck’s world.Personal speaking, based on Buck’s tough life in the nature, it is e asy to associate with my future life in society.All kind of unknown difficulties is waiting for me.I am not sure if I can perform as well as Buck, but I certainly believe that I will try my best to face the challenges on the road of my life.What I want to be is the female strong, maybe not the strongest one.But I am able to calmly deal with my life, and that is enough.第二篇：英文读后感Book report on A Farewell to ArmsA Farewell to Arms was written by Earnest Miller Hemingway(July21, 1899—July2, 1962), who was an American writer and journalist.He was part of the 1920s expatriate community in Paris, and one of the veterans of World War one later known as “the lost generation”.He received the Pulitzer Price in 1953 for The Old Man and the Sea in literature in 1954.During his lifetime, Hemingway wrote many famous books such as Three stories and Ten Poems(1923), The Sun AlsoRises(1926), A Farewell to Arms(1929), For Whom the Bell Tolls(1940), The Old Man and the Sea(1953).Most of the protagonists in his novels are typically social men who exhibit an ideal described as “grace under pressure”.And many of his works are now considered classics of American literature.Earnest Hemingway’s 1929 novel, A Farewell to Arms, is often regarded as his best artistic achievement with 80,000 copies sold within the first four months.The novel is set in World War one, but it should be classified as a historical romance instead of a war novel.The love story circles around two people, Frederic Henry and Catherine Barkley.Frederic is a young American ambulance driver who volunteers for service with the Italian army in World War one.During his service, he falls in love with Catherine, who is a beautiful English nurse.At first, their relationship is just a game based on their respective purposes.However, later in the story, Frederic is wounded and sent to the American hospital where Catherine works.It is in that hospital that Frederic realizes his feelings for Catherine have become extremely evident.So their relationship further develops and they begin a passionate love affair.During a massive retreat from the Austrians and Germans, Frederic is forced to shoot an engineer and therefore falls into a dilemma.Tired of war, he decides to escape with Catherine and seclude from the annoying world.Having successfully escaped to Switzerland, they live in peace and harmony until the tragic end of Catherine’s pregnancy, during which both she and the child died.To Frederic, Catherine’s dead body is like a stature;he walks back to his hotel without figuring out a way to say goodbye, seemingly lost forever.In A Farewell to Arms, one of the themes of Frederic Henry’s adventure as an ambulance driver during World War one is identity.Identity is important to the story in thatit expresses the general question of the individual in the postwar world.People began doubting the values that war brought about.In order to escape from war, people tend to find different substitutes for relieving themselves, and love is one of them.However, the love tragedy between Frederic and Catherine proves that war is nothing more than the dark, murderous extension of a world that refuses to acknowledge, protect or preserve true love.第三篇：英文读后感篇一：老人与海英文读后感this year summer vacation, i read the american well-known writer hemingway's novel “ old person and sea ”.i extremely admire in the novel the senior fisherman's will, he let me understand one person certainly must have relentless spirit, only then could obtain successfully.the novel description is one year near sixty years of age senior fisherman, when alone goes to sea in one fishing, fished one big fish, actually did not pull.the senior fisherman socialized several days after the fish, only then discovered this was the big marlin which one surpassed the oneself fishing boat several fold, although knew perfectly well very difficult to win, but still did not give up.afterwards and further because in the big marlin wound fish fishy smell brought in several crowds of shark fish snatches the food, but the old person still did not hope like this to give up, finally highlighted encircles tightly, returned to the big fish belt the fishing port, lets other fishermen not admire already.when i read “ the senior fisherman think: here to the seacoast really was too near, perhaps could have a bigger f ish in a farther place… ” when, i extremely admire this senior fisherman, because he by now already projected on some fish, but he had not settled to the presentsituation, but was approaches the bigger goal advance.again has a look us, usually meets one slightly is difficult, we all complain incessantly.we will be the motherland future, will be supposed to like this old person same mind lofty aspiration, will even better pursue even better, the bigger goal.when i read “ the big marlin start fast to gather round the young fishing boat hover, twined the cable on the mast , the old person right hand lifted up high the steel fork, leapt the water surface in it the flash, did utmost throws to its heart, one wail ended the big fish's life, it was static static fl oats on the water surface… ” when, my heart also liked together the big stone falls.i extremely admire old person that kind do not dread, the relentless spirit, although knows the match strength is very strong, but he not slightly flinches, but is welcomes difficultly above.just because had this kind of spirit, the senior fisherman only then achieved this life and death contest success.we also must study senior fisherman's spirit in life, handles the matter does not fear the difficulty, only then can obtain successfully.篇二：双城记英文读后感After reading “A tale of two cities”“A tale of two cities” is one of Dickens's most important representative works.The novel profoundly exposed the society contradiction before the French Revolution,intensely attacks the aristocratic social class is dissolute and cruel,and sincerely sympathizes with the depressed classes.The novel also described many magnificent scenes like the revolt people attacked Bastille and so on,which displayed people's great strength.The novel has portrayed many different people.Doctor Manette is honest and kind but suffers the persecution actually，Lucie is beautiful and gentle，Charles is graceful and noble，Lorry is upright and honest，Sydney is semblance of indifferent, innermost feelingsof warm,unconventional but also selfless and lofty，Miss pross is straightforward and loyal，Evremonde brothers are cruel and sinister……The complex hatred is hard to solve, the cruel revenge has made more hatreds, loves rebirth in the hell edge,but take the life as the price.As an outstanding writer,in Dickens's work,the language skill is essential.Each kind of rhetoric technique,like the analogy,the exaggeration,the contrast,the humorous,and the taunt are handled skillfully,and the artistry of the work is also delivered the p eak.“A tale of two cities” has its difference with the general historical novel, its character and the main plot are all fictionalizes.With the broad real background of the French Revolution,the author take the fictional character Doctor Manette's experience as the main clue,interweaves the unjust charge, love and revenge three independences but also incident cross-correlation stories together,the plot is criss-crossed,and the clue is complex.The author use insert narrates,foreshadowing,upholstery and so many techniques,causes the structure integrity and strictness,the plot winding anxious and rich of theatrical nature,it displayed the remarkable artistic skill.the style “A tale of two cities” is solemnity and melancholy,fills indignantion,but lacks the humor of the early works.篇三：飘英文读后感Scarlett , a very personality figures，the two mans she love ,neither does she know about.To her, I was compelled to admire, admire her strong and brave, admire her to lay down in the environment, farm workers previously suffered education, admire her to disregard the community to create their own expression of the cause.She is in the whole story, all a person full of fighting will full of vitality.I appreciated most , it is this “ Tomorrow is another day of hers.”.promising fo rever, full offighting will , will never give up, never desperate.I think I'm moved by her.So, whenever I meet difficulty, the mood is not good, I will tell oneself : “ Tomorrow is another day.” 'Gone with the Wind' is absolutely a good book that is worth sampling repeatedly, the characters are graceful , the plot rises and falls, exciting boldly and unconstrainedly, though the subjective factor because of the author among them , the appraisal on U.S.A.'s Civil War is not objective and overall, but as to angle of literature, this one fine piece of writing generation definitely absolutely, worth visiting.Title: The Little princeAuthor: Antoine de St-ExuperyMain Characters: The little prince, the pilot, the rose, the fox, the snake, etc.Despite I’ve not in my childhood yet, I still prefer reading fairy-tale stories.The tales, which accompany with me in my old days, often make me think of some precious experience and sensation which only belong to children.This summer I’ve review this kind of tale, which was published in 1940.It’s the world-famous fairy-tale by the French author, Antoine de St-Exupery, The Little prince.As many other fairy-tales, the outline of The Little prince is not very complex.“I”，the narrator of the story, is a pilot whose plane has something wrong and lands in the Sahara.In this occasion, the pilot makes the acquaintance of the little prince, a little boy from another planet, the Asteroid B612.The little prince has escaped from his tiny planet, because he has some quarrel with a rose, which grows on his planet.In that case he left his own planet and took an exploration at some neighbor asteroids.On his all-alone journey, the little prince meets different kinds of people, which includes a king, a conceited man, a tippler, a businessman, a lamplighter and a geographer.From these people he gets a conclusion that thegrown-ups are very odd.Following the instruction of the geographer, he descends in the Sahara, on the earth.篇四：小王子英文读后感Main Characters: The little prince, the pilot, the rose, the fox, the snake, etc.Despite I've not in my childhood yet, I still prefer reading fairy-tale stories.The tales, which accompany with me in my old days, often make me think of some precious experience and sensation which only belong to children.This summer I've review this kind of tale, which was published in 1940.It's the world-famous fairy-tale by the French author, Antoine de St-Exupery, The Little prince.As many other fairy-tales, the outline of The Little prince is not very complex.“I”，the narrator of the story, is a pilot whose plane has something wrong and lands in the Sahara.In this occasion, the pilot makes the acquaintance of the little prince, a little boy from another planet, the Asteroid B612.The little prince has escaped from his tiny planet, because he has some quarrel with a rose, which grows on his planet.In that case he left his own planet and took an exploration at some neighbor asteroids.On his all-alone journey, the little prince meets different kinds of people, which includes a king, a conceited man, a tippler, a businessman, a lamplighter and a geographer.From these people he gets a conclusion that the grown-ups are very odd.Following the instruction of the geographer, he descends in the Sahara, on the earth.Traveling on the earth, the little prince, who sees a garden of five-thousand roses, is overcome with astonishment and sadness, as he considers his rose is unique in the universe before.At that time a fox appears.The fox, who tell the little prince about the meaning of the word “tame”，becomes his new friend.At the time to say farewell, the fox makes him know that his rose is unique becauseshe is his rose and tamed by him.From that the little prince begins to treasure friendship and be responsible to his rose.At the anniversary day of his descent of the earth, rejecting the pilot's advice, he goes back to his own planet by bite of a snake.“It's too far.I can not carry this body with me.It's too heavy.” he said.He tells his friend, the pilot, he must be responsible for his rose, so he has to go back.At the end the author doesn't tell us the ending directly.Maybe it's more significant for us to imagine, and for more, think over.One of the important characters is the rose.Growing on the planet, she is very beautiful, but her coquetry and vanity suffer the little prince a lot.In spite of they love each other, he soon becomes unhappy.On the time of his departure, he just knows she certainly loves him.The character of the little prince actually represents the children, and their native thoughts and deeds.On the contrary, the inhabitants on the other planets, such as the king, the businessman and the conceited man, they also reflect the defects in the grown-up's world.The real theme of this fairy-tale with a little sadness, I guess, is the consequence of pure love and friendship in our lives, but not others “matters of consequence” of the grown-ups.Unbelievable, this little book moved me a lot.I seldom think about the true meaning of love and life before.Well, now I can say, with my short sixteen-year's life experience, it's like the stars in the sky that lit my heart.The little prince is not only an ordinary fairy-tale for children, but also for grown-ups, and our teenagers.Nevertheless, when I read this book, I feel a little sad –about ourselves, whom are losing more and more innocence.篇五：傲慢与偏见英文读后感The feeling of 《pride And prejudice》Then man treat great event in one’s life with punishing,Demonstrate different attitudes to the love question of the marriage of young girl of the family origin of middle class of villages and towns, Thus reflected authors oneself’s marriage view: It is wrong to get married for the property, money and position;Get married and does not consider that above-mentioned factors are unwise too.So, she objects to getting married for money , objecting to regarding the marriage as a trifling matter.She emphasizes the importance of the ideal marriage , and regard men and women’s emotion as the foundation stone which concludes the ideal marriage.The woman protagonist in the book Elizabeth comes from the little landlord’s family, reaches the west to have deep love for for the rich and powerful people sons and younger brothers.Reach the disparity of ignoring family status and wealth of the west, propose to her, but is refused.Eliza beth’s misunderstanding and prejudice to him are a reason, but a main one is the arrogance that she dislikes him.Reach the thes of the west in fact status’ the reflections of difference, exist this kind arrogant, Not having common thoughts and feelings between he and Elizabeth, the marriage that can not have lofty ideals.Elizabeth watches conducting oneself in society and a series of behavior of reaching the west personally afterwards, See he change the proud conceited expressions of passing by, dispel misunderstanding and prejudice to him, Thus concluded the happy marriage with him.篇六：悲惨世界英文读后感“ Les Miserables ”（1862）is representative works of Victor Hugo,as one of the most famous novels in the French literature.The novel basic plot is Ran A Rang pitiful life history.He originally is one poor family background worker, because the income insufficient family member gets by, by one time stole thebread is arrested is put in prison.passed 19 years firm prison and the bitter service life.The punishment completely after also has the larceny behavior, but benevolent bishop in the rice the sorrowful influence, the transformation is one shed oneself manner person.He uses an alias is Madland, works as the entrepreneur, and is pushed for mayor.But soon and further because exposed the status is arrested is put in prison, after escapes rescues the deceased female worker Fantin's daughter Cosette match from one bastard hand special, went to paris.Afterwards again unceasingly encountered police's pursuit.The Ran A Rang entire life fills is imprisoned the pain which the bitter service and drifts about destitute, this is the novel main clue.“ Les Miserables ” is the work which one realism and the romanticism unifies, the very many chapters glitter the realism glory, such as , in 1832 paris's street barricade war all wrote is quite real.But the romanticism technique quite was also obvious in the plot arrangement, writes the many extraordinary events.If Ran A rang lets lie down is lifted in the coffin the monastery, he rescues from the street barricade Marilius, all is strange, molds, environment description, symbolic and contrast technique aspect and so on utilization in the character image, also manifests the romanticism the characteristic.篇七：阿甘正传英文读后感“Mom always said life is j ust like a box of chocoles.You'll never know what you gonna get.”Ever find the grind of life getting you down? Is the day-to-day struggle threatening to drag you under? If so, there is a movie out there that can replenish your energy and refresh your outlook.passionate and magical, Forrest Gump is a tonic for the weary of spirit.For those who feel that being set adrift in a seasonof action movies is like wandering into a desert, the oasis lies ahead.Forrest Gump who is unfortunately to be born with a lower IQ and the muscle problem, usually, people always think this kind of person can't be successful in doing anything.But, instead, this unlucky man has achieved lots of incredible success, he is a football star, a war hero, and later a millionaire!In the contention of the best picture of the 67th Oscar Award in 1995, film Have got six Grand prixes , such as the best picture , the best actor , the best achievement in directing , adapting drama , the best achievement in film editing and the best visual effect bestly ,etc.at one blow.The film was passed to a intellectual disturbance person the description of life has reflected every aspect of U.S.A.'s life, important incident of social political life make and represent to these decades such as U.S.A.from one unique angle.Film adapt Winston novel of the same name of Groom since.Forrest Gump mould incarnation of virtue is honest keeping one's word , conscientiously , brave paying attention to emotioning among film.In the film, Forrest Gump is a very pure image, but Jenny has become the degenerate symbol.And write the great discrepancy originally in this.To all that narrated, since beginning all behave with a kind of tender feeling and well-meaning attitude after all for the film, having even joined poesy composition, this makes the film seem soft and have no injury.The film advocates to traditional moral concept and embodiment.Make film apt to accept by people, director superb lay out skill and film application of language make the film very attractive too.Success with commercial for film content of the film has given security, and the treatment on director's art makes the film more excellent, this is reason that the film succeeds.It was the box-office hits the most in that year to become U.S.A.in第四篇：英文读后感The Happy PrinceThis story’s main characters are the statue of the happy prince and a swallow who planned to fly to Egypt in winter.The happy prince implored the swallow to be his messenger to send his sapphires and gold leaves that were coverd on him to those people who needed help.The swallow was moved by the happy prince and decided to stay with him always.But the swallow was forzen to death when the winter came.And the statue of the happy prince was pulled down,because he was not elegant and beautiful anymore.I’m deeply moved by the happy prince who is full of great love.And the swallow was also lovable.They sacrificed their lives to save others.How great they are!In our daily life,we also need to be pleased to help others who are in trouble.Only in this way will we have a harmonious world and be happy everyday.Ivan The FoolIvan is a diligent young man who is not to be concerned for personal gains or losses.He gets on well with others and makes everyone happy.The devil knows Ivan caused everyone to be happy and is mad very much.So the devil wants to make people become mad at each other.He tries all he can to achieve his evil goals but always faills because of Ivan’diligence and braveness.At the end of this story,Ivan beat the devil and works with the people.Everyone has enough food and clothes.They live happily.This story tells us the simple truth that we should work with our hands to get food and clothes.And justice will beat evill in the end.And we also ought to learn from Ivan.In our daily life,we shouldn’t be concerned for our personal gains and lossess very much.Only in this way will we gain more happiness! 第五篇：英文读后感The Glory of Humanity“Whoever saves one life,saves the world entire”.These words were carved in the ring which is made of a worker's golden teeth.Schindler's List tells us the real story of Oskar Schindler who protect 1100 Jews from the frightful slaughter in World War II.Schindler is a German speculator.He persuade the former accountant to help him get enough money and bought a bad managed enamelware company.He hired many Jews to work in his factory for lower wages.He got the army contracts,produced pots and pans,and make a fortune.In 1943,a slaughter took place in Krakow.Schindler was shocked.At the risk of violate the “Race and Resettlement Act”,he try his best to help Jews.He hired Jews and protected them by bribing the officers.He even bought his workers that cost him a fortune.He paid for each name in his list.The list is life.In the new factory,the shells made in his factory all can not be fired.He would rather buy shells that made him lose a lot of money.When the war ended,he was broken.The glory of humanity Schindler delivered warmedthe people in darkness.He was remembered by people,by history.。

The Call of the Wild一、故事简介：从小生活在温室环境中的巴克被偷着拐卖到原始荒野当雪橇狗。

残酷的现实触动了巴克由于人类文明的长久熏陶而向大自然回归的本能和意识。

恶劣的生存环境锻炼了巴克，他在历练中不断成长．最终通过战胜狗王斯匹茨而赢得了拉雪橇狗群中的头把交椅。

当残暴的哈尔将巴克打得遗体鳞伤、奄奄一息时，约翰·桑顿的解救让巴克感受到温暖并决定誓死效忠恩主，但恩主的遇害彻底打碎了巴克对于人类社会的留恋，从而促使巴克坚定决心，毅然走向荒野，回归自然。

二、考题1.The author of “The Call of the wild” is Jack London .2.( D）The main idea of the extracts above is probably that .A.It was not easy for Buck, a dog from the south, to live in the north.B.Buck, a dog from the south, began to learn lessons from the hard life in the north.C.Some people were evil enough to steal dogs and sell them for moneyD.Buck, a dog from the south, was explosed to harsh environment in the north.3.（B）What kind of dog did the gold-seeker want? They wanted .A.Heavy dogsB.strong long-haired dogsC.Small dogs with furry coatsD.Fierce dogs good at fighting4.（B）Manuel stole and sold Buck because .A.he needed money to support his familyB.he spent more than he earnedC.Judge Miller was cruel to himD.Buck bit and hated him5.（ D ）The fat man cruelly beat Buck with a club to .A.make him unconsciousB.punish himC.kill him for his rageD.make him obey6.（B）During the imprisonment on the train, Buck was desperate for .A.foodB. drinkC. a blanketD. friends7.（ C ）Where did dogs sleep in the cold winter? They slept .A.in the campB.near the fireC.under the snowD.in the forest8.（ C ）How many huskies were there in the team of nine dogs?A.EightB. SevenC. SixD. Five9.（C）The huskies from a nearby Indian village came to the camp .A.to fight with the team dogsB.to watch the flight between Buck and SpitzC.to look for foodD.to growl with each other10.（C）The indian dogs that attacked the team of Perrault and Francois can be said to be all of the following but .A.bony and skinnyB.wild and war-likeC.strong and fairD.hungry and crazy11.（D）Buck soon learned that Perrault and Francois .A.were as bad as the fat man who hit him with a clubB.liked him as much as Mr. Miller didC.only knew how to make dogs work for themD.were fair and honest men12.（B）Francois made four little shoes for Buck because .A.Buck worked the hardestB.Buck’s feet were not hard enough yetC.Buck was Francois’ favourite dogD.Buck asked for them insistently13.（B）Why is Buck a dangerous rival to Spitz? Because .A.Buck is largerB.Buck is more intelligentC.Buck is more patientD.Buck is more cruel14.（B）During the first part of the flight, .A.Spitz suffered from serious woundsB.Buck was too eager to attack wiselyC.Buck was untouchedD.Spitz ran away for fear15.（A）Buck won the battle for survival because of his .A.imaginationB.strenghthC.experienceD.courage16.Buck’s trying to be the new lead-dog proves all that is in his nature except D.A.IntelligentB. ambitionC. hard workD. timidness17.（B）What made Dave happy? .A.Eating his portion of foodB.Being in harnessC.Spending the night in the snowD.Becoming the leader of the dog team18.（B）After the gamble, Thornton and his partners traveled in the wilderness .A.with a lot of foodB.in search of an old gold mineC.steadily day after dayD.with a mapped destination19.( C)At the end of their wandering, they found .A.the lost gold mineB.fifty pounds of gold dustC.a valley rich in goldD.a treasure island20.（C）Buck cornered a wolf many times .A.to frighten himB.to fight with himC.to make friends with himD.to pay tricks on him21.（ A ）A moose could kill his enemy with .A.its horns and hoofsB.its heavy weightC.its patienceD.its intelligence22.（ A ）The Yeehats used as their weapons.A.arrowsB. gunsC. knivesD. sleds23.The author’s purpose in telling this story is to .A.reveal some people’s cruelty to animalsB.remind us of the contribution of dogs in the exploitation of the northC.point out that dogs can also be good workersD.demonstrate how dogs, like humans, learn to adapt themselves to a new life24.What do you know about dogs? Use some words to describe them. Carnivorous, Friendly, Dangerous, Useful, Intelligent, Loyal, Faithful, Domesticated, Strong.25.What country does Alaska belong to?The USA.26.Where is Alaska located?In the north west of Canada.27.What is the climate like?It is very cold and often snows heavily in winter.28.What wild animals live there?Polar bears, brown bears, wolves, eagles and foxes.29.Who were the first inhabitants of Alaska?The first inhabitants of Alaska arrived from Asia during the Ice Age.30.Why did Alaska suddenly became famous at the end of the 19th century?People discovered gold there.31.How did Buck feel when he saw the rope around his neck was given to a stanger? He was angry.32.What’s the introduction into the world of primitive law?Obeying the man with the club.33.How was Buck taken from South California to the north?First by train and then by ship.34.What did Buck mean by“fair play”?Respect and treat each other in a decent way.35.What lessons did he learn to help him survive?He learned how to dig a hole in the snow to keep warm while sleeping, how to behave while pulling the sled and how to steal food without being caught to avoid hunger.36.What type of men are Perrault and Francois?They are hard workers who are not afraid to take risks and determined to get their destination.37.What does Francois mean when he says:‘he’ll chew Spitz and spit him out on the snow’?Francois thinks Buck will eventually defeat Spitz.38.Why was Buck called ‘the primitive beast’?Because he used his primitive instincts to win the fight.39.How did the men feel when they knew that Spitz was dead?They were not surprised and thought there wouldn’t be trouble in the team anymore. 40.What did Francois and Perrault think about Buck? Why?They thought that Buck was very good because he knew how to make the dog team work well.41.What did Buck dream about?Buck dreamed about a primitive man.42.What was the ‘earlier world’ that Buck dreamed of?The ‘earlier world’ was a world thousands of years ago.43.Who was the ‘short, hairy man’?The ‘short, hairy man’ was a primitive man.44.Why was this world important to Buck?This world was important to Buck because by following his instincts he was getting closer and closer to an older and more promitive way of life.45.What happened to Dave?Dave got ill and was shot to death.46.What were Buck’s new owners like?Buck’s new owners were two men and a woman. The men were out of place and the woman was unhelpful. They were unorganised.47.Both men were clearly out of place, and why people like them had come to the north was a mystery. What does the italicized part ‘out of place’ mean?They were not suitable and incapable.48.Why couldn’t the dogs move the sled though they pulled hard?Because the sled was frozen to the ground.49.Why was it inevitable that Charles and Hal were certain to fail?They lacked experience in mastering dogs as well as the surrounding. What’s more, they always disagreed with each other on everything.50.What does the phrase ‘ dead tired’ mean?Extremely tired.51.Why did the food of the team go short?Because they lacked order, discipline, and careful calculation.52.What happened to Dub?Hal shot him with his pistol.53.What kind of person was Mercedes?Changeable, timid, sympathetic.54.What happened to Billie?Hal killed him with an axe.55.What’s Thornton’s reaction to their question? Why?Short and cold answers. Because he knew they wouldn’t follow his advice.56.What did Hal do when Buck refused to advance?He whipped and clubbed Buck cruelly.57.What did Buck sense when he refused to go?Danger close at hand.58.What happened to the team?They all fell into the river and disappeared.59.How has Buck changed from the start of the story?Buck has learnt how to survive in any situation.60.What kind of dog is he now?He is strong and intelligent with a highly developed survival instinct.61.Why did Buck attack ‘Black’ Burton?Because Burton punched Thornton unexpectedly.62.Why did Buck love his master so much?Because Thornton understood and loved him.63.In the gamble, which side did most people support?Mathewson’s side against Thornton.64.What is the ‘mysterious thing that called’?It is Buck’s natural instinct calling to him.65.How did Buck feel when he ran with his wild brother?Happy.66.Why did Buck decide to leave the wolf?Because he didn’t want to leave Thornton.67.On entering the forest, what did Buck become?A wild thing.68.What changed in Buck now? Why?Buck no longer felt the need to stay in civilised society as Thornton was dead. He was free to become wild.69.Who was the ‘Ghost Dog’?Buck.70.How did Buck gradually change from a peaceful household pet into a wild beast who returned to the forest?Buck, a pet dog, was stolen and sold to be a sled dog in the north. In the hostile environment, Buck learnt how to survive in dealing with different masters and dogs. At last, Buck lived with his wild brothers in the forest.71.What things did Buck learn in his first few days in Alaska?Buck learned how to survive.72.What is the significance of Spitz in the story?Spitz was Buck’s antagonist in the story. In order to defeat Spitz, Buck became cunning and fierce.73.What was the problem with Buck’s feet, and how did Francois solve it?Buck’s feet were soft and Francois made little shoes for him.74.What did the Huskies do at nine, twelve and three o’clock each night in Dawson?Why is this important in Buck’s development?The huskies howled at these times. This helped Buck get in touch with his primitive side.75.What helped Buck’s team break the record on the way back from Dawson with Francois and Perrault?They made the record run because the weather conditions were good.76.What trick did Buck use to beat Spitz in the final fight?Buck pretended he was going to jump and bite in the usual place but at least minute he attacked Spitz a different way.77.When Buck lay by the fire who and what did he dream about? How is this connected to the title of the book?Buck dreamt of an ancient primitive world and a man living in that world. His dream represents the ‘Wild’ in the title of the book.78.Who bought Buck and his team when they got back to Skaguay? What were these men like?Two men from the States bought Buck and the team. They lacked order and discipline. The men did not know how to do anything.79.How does Buck come to live with John Thornton?John Thornton saw Hal hitting Buck and he intervened and saved him.80.Who does Buck meet in the forest? What do they do together?He meets a wolf and they run through the forest together.81.What happens at the camp while Buck is away?The camp is attacked by Yeehat Indians and all the men are killed.82.What does Buck do in the end?In the end Buck becomes wild.83.Trace the changes Buck makes throughout the story. What is he like at the beginning? What is he like at the end?At the start of the book Buck is strong and good-natured. He belongs to Judge Miller and has an easy and comfortable life. At the end of the book he has developed his survival instinct to the full and has returned to the primitive world.84.How does Buck react when he sees what has happened at John Thornton’s camp? Buck rushes at the Yeehat Indians like a hurricane attacking and killing them.85.How does Buck win the respect of the wolf pack?He wins the respect of the wolf pack by defending himself and fighting them off.86.Who tells the story ‘The Call of the Wild’? Buck? John Thornton? Another character? Who else? Explain the reason for your choice.The story is told by a third person narrator who is not in the story.87.How is the story ‘The Call of the Wild’ told?With a linear plot that moves directly from A to B to C.88.What is the effect of this way of story-telling? Think of the books and stories you have read. How are they told?This gives us a sense of Buck’s development and how events affect and change him. 89.How many years does the book cover?The book covers a period of more than two years.90.What are the main events in the story ‘The Call of the Wild’?Buck’s arrival in Alaska.91.What events in the story bring Buck closer to ‘ the wild’?His instincts, his dreams and his meeting with the wolf.92.What does London mean at the end of the story when he says that Buck ‘howls out the song of the younger world’?He means that Buck is still not in touch with his wilder, primitive side.。

The Call of the Wild《野性的呼唤》—追寻生命的自由与本真作者：张玲来源：《新东方英语·中学版》2014年第07期杰克·伦敦(Jack London, 1876~1916)，美国著名的现实主义作家。

他一生著作颇丰，为世人留下了19部长篇小说、150多篇短篇小说以及大量文学报告集，还写了三个剧本以及相当多的随笔和论文。

其最著名的代表作有《马丁·伊登》(Martin Eden)、《野性的呼唤》(The Call of the Wild)、《白牙》(White Fang)、《海狼》(The Sea Wolf)、《铁蹄》(The Iron Heel)等小说，在全世界都广为流传。

他的很多作品讲述了美国下层人民的生活故事，揭露资本主义社会的罪恶，带有浓厚的社会主义和个人主义色彩。

《野性的呼唤》，又名《荒野的呼唤》，是杰克·伦敦于1903年发表的著名小说。

小说讲述了一只名叫巴克(Buck)的家养犬，被贩卖到美国北部寒冷偏远、盛产黄金的阿拉斯加，成了一只拉雪橇的狗，在极为恶劣的环境下，在饱受了各种虐待后，为了生存，最终回归野性的故事。

下文节选自小说第七章，讲述了巴克因深爱的主人约翰·桑顿(John Thornton)被害而野性爆发的故事。

As he held on he became more and more conscious of the new stir in the land. There was life abroad in it different from the life which had been there throughout the summer. Several times he stopped and drew in the fresh morning air in great sniffs, reading a message which made him leap on with greater speed. And as he crossed the last watershed1) and dropped down into the valley toward camp, he proceeded with greater caution.Three miles away he came upon a fresh trail that sent his neck hair bristling2). It led straight toward camp and John Thornton. Buck hurried on, swiftly and stealthily3).As Buck slid along with the obscureness of a gliding shadow, his nose was jerked suddenly to the side as though a positive force had gripped and pulled it. He followed the new scent into a thicket4) and found Nig. He was lying on his side, dead where he had dragged himself, an arrow protruding5) from either side of his body.A hundred yards farther on, Buck came upon one of the sled-dogs Thornton had bought in Dawson. This dog was thrashing6) about in a death-struggle, directly on the trail, and Buck passed around him without stopping. From the camp came the faint sound of many voices. Bellying7) forward to the edge of the clearing, he found Hans, lying on his face, feathered with arrows like a porcupine8). At the same instant Buck peered out and saw what made his hair leap straight up on his neck and shoulders. A gust of overpowering rage swept over him. He did not know that he growled,but he growled aloud with a terrible ferocity9). For the last time in his life he allowed passion to usurp10) reason, and it was because of his great love for John Thornton that he lost his head.The Yeehats11) were dancing when they heard a fearful roaring and saw rushing upon them an animal the like of which they had never seen before. It was Buck, a live hurricane of fury, hurling himself upon them in a frenzy to destroy. He sprang at the foremost man, ripping the throat wide open till the rent12) jugular13) spouted a fountain of blood. He did not pause to worry14) the victim, but ripped in passing, with the next bound tearing wide the throat of a second man. There was no withstanding him. He plunged about in their very midst, tearing, rending15), destroying, in constant and terrific motion which defied the arrows they discharged16) at him. In fact, so inconceivably17) rapid were his movements, and so closely were the Indians tangled18)together, that they shot one another with the arrows. Then a panic seized the Yeehats, and they fled in terror to the woods, proclaiming as they fled the advent19) of the Evil Spirit.And truly Buck was the Fiend20) incarnate21), raging at their heels and dragging them down like deer as they raced through the trees. It was a fateful day for the Yeehats. They scattered far and wide over the The Call of the Wild country. As for Buck, wearying of the pursuit, he returned to the desolated camp. He found Pete where he had been killed in his blankets in the first moment of surprise. Thornton's desperate struggle was fresh-written on the earth, and Buck scented every detail of it down to the edge of a deep pool. By the edge, head and fore feet in the water, lay Skeet, faithful to the last. The pool itself, muddy and discolored from the sluice22) boxes, effectually hid what it contained, and it contained John Thornton; for Buck followed his trace into the water, from which no trace led away.All day Buck brooded23) by the pool or roamed restlessly about the camp. Death, as a cessation24) of movement, as a passing out and away from the lives of the living, he knew, and he knew John Thornton was dead. It left a great void25) in him, somewhat akin to hunger, but a void which ached and ached, and which food could not fill. At times, when he paused to contemplate the carcasses26) of the Yeehats, he forgot the pain of it; and at such times he was aware of a great pride in himself—a pride greater than any he had yet experienced. He had killed man, the noblest game27) of all, and he had killed in the face of the law of club and fang28). He sniffed the bodies curiously. They had died so easily. It was harder to kill a husky29) dog than them. They were no match at all.1. watershed [ˈwɔːtəʃed] n. 分水岭2. bristle [ˈbrɪsl] vi. (毛发因寒冷、恐惧、愤怒等而)竖立；直立3. stealthily [ˈstelθɪli] adv. 悄悄地；偷偷摸摸地4. thicket [ˈθɪkɪt] n. 灌木丛5. protrude [prəˈtruːd] vi. [正式]突出；凸出6. thrash [θræʃ] vi. 猛烈扭动7. bell y [ˈbeli] vi. 匍匐前进，爬行8. porcupine [ˈpɔːkjupaɪn] n. 豪猪；箭猪9. ferocity [fəˈrɒsəti] n. 凶猛；残暴10. usurp [juːˈzɜːp] vt. [正式]夺取；据为己有11. Yeehats: 印第安人，是作者虚构的一个北美洲原住民部落，生性残暴。

Plot一只名叫巴克的大狗与主人在加利福尼亚州的一个牧场上过着安逸的生活，他的主人是一名法官。

有一天他被园丁偷走并卖掉以偿还赌债。

巴克被带到了阿拉斯加，辗转卖给两个法裔加拿大人，他们对巴克的外形感到很满意，于是将他训练成了一只雪橇犬。

很快巴克通过观察他的队友们，学会了如何在这个寒冷的冬天以及这个弱肉强食的社会上生存下来。

随后巴克又被卖掉，并先后换过好几个主人，这些经历都使他不断地提高自己的能力，成为了雪橇犬的头领。

Eventually, Buck is sold to a man named Hal, who knows nothing about sledding nor survivingin the Alaskan wilderness, nor does his wife and her brother. They struggle to control the sled and ignore warnings not to travel during the spring melt. As they journey on, they run into Thornton, an experienced outdoors man, who notices that all of the sled dogs are in terrible shape from the ill treatment of their handlers4. Thornton warns them against crossing the river, but they refuse to listen and order Buck to mush5. Exhausted, starving, and sensing the danger ahead, Buck refuses. Recognizing him as a remarkable dog and disgusted6 by the driver’s beating of the dog, Thornton cuts him free from his traces and tells the trio he’s keeping him. After some argument, the trio leave s and tries to cross the river, but as Thornton warned, the ice gives way and they drown.最后，巴克被卖给了一个叫哈尔的人，哈尔、哈尔的妻子和她哥哥对乘雪橇一点经验都没有，也对阿拉斯加的荒野生存一无所知。

the call od the wild好词好句整理《野性的呼唤》(The Call of the Wild) 是美国作家杰克·伦敦的一部经典小说，书中描绘了主角巴克从文明社会走向荒野，最终回归自然的过程。

以下是该书中的一些精彩词汇和句子摘录：好词：1. Unfettered wilderness2. Primordial instincts3. Savage splendor4. Feral prowess5. Dominant hierarchy6. Ferocity tempered by intelligence7. Rugged terrain8. Primeval urge9. Enduring resilience10. Untamed frontier11. Pack dynamics12. Visceral strength13. Innermost core14. Brutal yet beautiful truth15. Survival of the fittest好句：1. "He was a killer, a thing of the wild, soured on mankind."（他是个杀手，是来自荒野的事物，对人类充满了敌意。

）2. "It was the call of the wild, the call of the trail, the call that Nature gives to every creature, the call that the buck hears when the rutting season comes."（那是来自荒野的呼唤，是行进的呼唤，是大自然赋予每一种生物的呼唤，是在繁殖季节雄鹿所听到的呼唤。

）3. "Buck did not read the newspapers, or he would have known that trouble was brewing, not alone for himself, but for every tidewater dog, strong of muscle and with warm, long hair, from Puget Sound to San Diego."（巴克没有读过报纸，否则他会知道麻烦正在酝酿，不仅是针对他自己，而且是针对每一个从普吉特湾至圣迭戈、肌肉强壮、长毛温暖的潮水区狗。