Wood Joints

2024-2025学年北师大版英语小学五年级上学期期中自测试题与参考答案一、听力部分（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、听力材料：A. Hello, are you John? I’m Li Hua. I’m in Grade 5.B. Hi, John. I’m in Grade 5 too. How are you?Question: What grade are the two speakers in?A. Grade 4B. Grade 5C. Grade 6Answer: B. Grade 5Explanation: The first speaker says, “I’m Li Hua. I’m in Grade 5,” and the second speaker confirms, “I’m in Grade 5 too.” Therefore, both speakers are in Grade 5.2、听力材料：A. I have a pen, a pencil, and a ruler.B. Can you help me find my eraser?Question: What does the second speaker need?A. A penB. A pencilC. An eraserAnswer: C. An eraserExplanation: The second speaker asks, “Can you help me find my eraser?” This indicates that they are looking for an eraser, not a pen or a pencil.3、Listen to a conversation between two friends about their weekend plans. Choose the correct answer based on what you hear.Recording Script:•Friend A: Hey, are we still going to the park for a picnic this Saturday?•Friend B: Oh, I’m so sorry! I forgot to tell you. I can’t make it this weekend. My aunt is visiting, and my family is planning a smallget-together at home.•Friend A: That’s okay. Maybe we can plan something for next week then?Question: What does Friend B say about the original plan for the weekend?A)They will go to the park as planned.B)They have to cancel the park visit because of a family event.C)They want to change the location of the picnic.Answer: B) They have to cancel the park visit because of a family event.Explanation: In the conversation, Friend B explains that they cannot go to the park for a picnic because their aunt is visiting, and there will be a family gathering at home instead. Therefore, the original plan to go to the park is canceled due to a family event.4、Listen to the following weather forecast and fill in the blanks with theinformation you hear.Recording Script:•Weather Reporter: Good evening, everyone. Here is your weather update for the coming days. Starting from tomorrow, we will see a drop in temperature, and byWednesday, we expect the lowest temperature to reach 5 degrees Celsius. There will be scattered showers throughout the week, but don’t worry; the sun will also makean appearance. So, remember to carry an umbrella when you go out and keepyourself warm.Question: Complete the sentences below according to the weather forecast.a)The temperature will start to_______from tomorrow.b)By Wednesday, the lowest temperature is expected to be_______degrees Celsius.c)There will be_______throughout the week, but the sun will also appear.Answers:a) The temperature will start to drop from tomorrow.b) By Wednesday, the lowest temperature is expected to be 5 degrees Celsius.c) There will be scattered showers throughout the week, but the sun will also appear.Explanation:•The weather reporter mentions that the temperature will decrease starting from the next day.•The coldest day, which is expected to be on Wednesday, will have a minimum temperature of 5 degrees Celsius.•It is forecasted that there will be intermittent rain during the week, but there will also be some sunny intervals. Hence, the listeners areadvised to bring umbrellas and dress warmly.These listening exercises are designed to test students’ ability to understand spoken English in a conversational context and to extract specific details from a weather report.5、Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer.A)The teacher is asking the students to clean the classroom.B)The students are discussing their weekend plans.C)The teacher is explaining the homework for the week.Answer: BExplanation: The conversation indicates that the students are talking about what they did over the weekend, suggesting that option B is the correct answer.6、Listen to the dialogue and fill in the blank with the correct word.Tom: “How was your day at school, Sarah?”Sarah: “It was quite interesting. We had a science experiment in class. The teacher asked us to_______the reaction.”A)observeB)ignoreC)explainAnswer: AExplanation: The context of the conversation suggests that Sarah is describing a scientific activity where they were expected to watch and record the results of an experiment, making “observe” the correct choice.7、What is Sarah doing?A. She is reading a book.B. She is watching TV.C. She is playing with her toys.Answer: B. She is watching TV.Explanation: In the dialogue, Sarah’s mother asks her to turn off the TV because it’s time for dinner. This indicates that Sarah was watching TV before her mother spoke.8、Where did Tom go for his holiday?A. He went to the beach.B. He visited his grandparents.C. He went camping in the mountains.Answer: C. He went camping in the mountains.Explanation: The conversation mentions that Tom shared stories about hiking and seeing wildlife during his holiday. This suggests that he had gone camping in the mountains rather than to the beach or visiting family.9.You will hear a short conversation between two friends. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the question.What are the friends mainly discussing?A. Their favorite sports.B. The weather forecast.C. Their school schedule.Answer: BExplanation: In the conversation, the friends are talking about the weatherforecast for the upcoming weekend. This indicates that the main topic of their discussion is the weather forecast. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.10.Listen to the following passage and answer the question.The passage is about the importance of reading books. It mentions that reading books can help us improve our vocabulary, understand different cultures, and gain knowledge.Which of the following benefits of reading books is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Improve vocabulary.B. Understand different cultures.C. Learn to cook new recipes.Answer: CExplanation: The passage specifically mentions the benefits of improving vocabulary and understanding different cultures. However, it does not mention learning to cook new recipes as one of the benefits of reading books. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.11.You are listening to a conversation between two students, Alice and Bob. They are discussing their weekend plans.Question: What are Alice and Bob planning to do this weekend?A. Go to the movies.B. Go to a park.C. Go shopping.D. Visit their grandparents.Answer: BExplanation: In the conversation, Alice says, “I think we should go to the park this weekend.” This indicates that they are planning to go to a park.12.Listen to a short dialogue between a teacher and a student about a school project.Question: What does the teacher advise the student to do?A. Finish the project by next week.B. Ask for help from a classmate.C. Submit the project without corrections.D. Work on the project alone.Answer: BE xplanation: The teacher says, “I think it would be a good idea to ask your classmate for help with this project.” This suggests that the teacher advises the student to seek help from a classmate.二、选择题（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.A. beautifulB. beautifullyC. beautyThe garden is_______in the spring.A. beautifulB. beautifullyC. beautyAnswer: AExplanation: The sentence needs an adjective to describe the garden, so “beautiful” is the correct choice.2、Select the word that best completes the sentence.The teacher asked us to write a story about a__________trip to the mountain.A. excitingB. exciteC. excitesAnswer: AExplanation: The sentence requires an adjective to describe the trip. “Exciting” is the correct choice as it is an adjective that describes something that is thrilling or enjoyable. “Excite” and “excites” are verbs and would not fitin this context.3、Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.Tom is a very_______boy. He always helps others.A. hardworkingB. lazyC. cleverAnswer: AExplanation: The sentence talks about Tom’s character. The word “hardworking” means that Tom works very hard, which is a positive trait. The other options, “lazy” and “clever,” do not fit the context of the sentence.4、Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.The cat is sitting on the _______.A. tableB. bedC. floorAnswer: CExplanation: The sentence is asking for the location where the cat is sitting. “Floor” is the correct answer because it is a common place where cats sit. “Table” and “bed” are also places where cats can sit, but they are less common compared to the floor.5.Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.The cat likes to sleep in the sun, but it often feels very________when it’s too hot.A. happyB. coolC. warmD. tiredAnswer: C. warmExplanation: The sentence describes the cat feeling uncomfortable in the heat,so the correct word to de scribe this feeling is “warm.”6.Read the sentence and choose the correct question word to complete it. The teacher asked us________we had finished our homework.A. ifB. whatC. whereD. whenAnswer: A. ifExplanation: The question word “if” is used to ask whether or not something is true, in this case, whether the students have finished their homework.7、Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.My mother always reads me a_story before I go to sleep.A. interestingB. interestinglyC. interestedD. interestingnessAnswer: AExplanation: The correct answer is “interesting” because it is an adjective that describes the nature of the story. “Interesting” means that the story is likely to engage the reader. The other options are not appropriate as adjectives to describe a story.8、Complete the sentence with the correct form of the given verb inparentheses.She (be) happy because she (win) a prize in the contest.A. is, wonB. was, winsC. is, winsD. was, wonAnswer: AExplanation: The correct answer is “is” for the first blank because the sentence is talking about the present time. For the second blank, “won” is the correct past tense form of the verb “win.” Therefore, the correct sentence is “She is happy because she won a prize in the contest.”9.Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.The cat is___________than the dog.A. tallerB. heavierC. fasterAnswer: B. heavierExplanation: The sentence is comparing two things, the cat and the dog. Since the question is about physical attributes, “heavier” is the correct choice as it compares the weight of the cat to that of the dog. “Taller” would compare height, and “faster” would compare speed, which a re not the attributes being compared in this sentence.10.Select the word that best fits the blank in the following sentence.The teacher asked the students to___________their books before leaving the classroom.A. closeB. openC. readAnswer: A. closeExplanation: The context of the sentence suggests that the teacher is instructing the students to put away their books properly. “Close” is the correct verb to use here as it means to shut or close something, in this case, the books. “Open” would be the opposite action, and “read” is not applicable to the action of leaving the classroom.11.Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.The cat was sitting on the_and looking out of the window.A. bedB. chairC. floorD. tableAnswer: BExplanation: The correct answer is “chair” because it is the most logical place for a cat to sit and look out of the window.12.Choose the correct past tense form of the verb.The girl______(read) a book before dinner.A. readsB. readingC. readD. had readAnswer: CExpl anation: The correct answer is “read” in the past tense because the sentence is talking about an action that happened before dinner, which is in the past.三、完型填空（10分）Section 3: Reading Comprehension (Cloze Test)Read the following passage and choose the best word to fill in each blank. There is one extra word which does not fit in the passage.The sun was setting over the [1] village as the children [2] home from school. It was a beautiful evening, with a [3] sky and the leaves of the trees [4] in the gentle breeze. The children were excited because they were going to havea picnic with their families at the [5] park.1.A) peaceful B) busy C) large D) small E) colorful2.A) came B) went C) went back D) returned E) moved3.A) dark B) bright C) cloudy D) clear E) stormy4.A) shining B) bending C) shaking D) falling E) drying5.A) nearest B) local C) public D) secret E) favoriteAnswers:1.A) peaceful2.C) went back3.D) clear4.B) bending5.C) public四、阅读理解（26分）Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The Great Wall of China is one of the most famous landmarks in the world. It was built over a period of more than two thousand years and stretches over 13,000 miles. The wall was originally built to protect the Chinese empire from invasions. It was also used to control trade and communication between different regions. The Great Wall is made of large stones and bricks, and it has watchtowers, battlements, and gates.The wall was constructed by thousands of workers, including soldiers, farmers, and artisans. Many of the workers were forced to work on the wall under harsh conditions. Some of the workers even died during the construction. However, the wall has become a symbol of Chinese strength and perseverance.Today, the Great Wall is a popular tourist destination. Millions of peoplevisit it every year to see its magnificent structure and learn about its history.Questions:1.What was the main purpose of building the Great Wall?A) To attract touristsB) To protect the Chinese empire from invasionsC) To promote trade and communicationD) To improve the Chinese economy2.What materials were used to build the Great Wall?A) Wood and ropeB) Stones and bricksC) Metal and woodD) Concrete and steel3.Who were the main workers involved in building the Great Wall?A) Architects and engineersB) Soldiers and farmersC) Artists and musiciansD) Teachers and studentsAnswer Key:1.B) To protect the Chinese empire from invasions2.B) Stones and bricks3.B) Soldiers and farmers五、写作题（16分）题目：Write a short story about a day in the life of a young student named Tom. Describe how Tom wakes up, prepares for school, experiences a fun class, and then returns home. Be sure to include details about his feelings and interactions with his family and friends.写作示例：Tom’s Day at SchoolEvery morning, Tom wakes up to the sound of his alarm clock. He opens his eyes and stretches, feeling the cool breeze through his window. Today is a special day because it’s the first d ay of the school term.Tom jumps out of bed and rushes to the bathroom to brush his teeth and wash his face. He then gets dressed in his school uniform and has breakfast with his family. His mom makes him a nutritious breakfast of scrambled eggs and toast.After eating, Tom packs his backpack with his books and homework. He says goodbye to his family and walks to school. The school building is a beautiful, old building with tall windows and a red door.Tom enters his classroom and greets his teacher, Miss Wang. She is smiling and ready to start the day. The first class is math, and Tom loves math. He pays attention and solves problems with ease. He feels proud of himself for understanding the new concepts.Lunchtime arrives, and Tom goes to the school canteen with his friends. Theysit at a table and share a meal of chicken noodles. They laugh and talk about their weekend adventures. Tom feels happy to be with his friends.After lunch, Tom has a science class. The teacher, Mr. Li, brings in a live frog for th e students to observe. Tom is fascinated by the frog’s movements and learns a lot about its life cycle. He asks questions and takes notes.Finally, the school day comes to an end. Tom packs up his things and says goodbye to his teacher. He walks home, feeling tired but satisfied with his day. He arrives at his house and is greeted by his dog, Max. Tom pets Max and then goes inside to tell his family about his day.His mom asks him about his schoolwork, and he proudly shows her his math problems. His dad asks him about his science class, and Tom excitedly tells him about the frog. The family sits down together, and Tom feels loved and supported.解析：这个示例故事按照题目要求描述了Tom的一天。

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木结构工程施工质量验收规范Code for construction quality acceptance of timber structures1 总则1.0.1 为了加强建筑工程质量管理，统一木结构工程施工质量的验收，保证工程质量，制定本规范。

1.0.2 本规范适用于木结构工程施工质量的验收。

1.0.3 木结构工程施工中的工程技术文件，承包合同文件对施工质量验收的要求不得低于本规范的规定。

1.0.4 本规定应与国家标准《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》GB50300-2001配套使用。

1.0.5 木结构工程施工质量验收，除应执行本规范外，尚应符合国家现行有关标准的规定。

2 术语2.0.1 方木和原木结构sawn and round timber structures方木（含板材）或原木组成的结构。

2.0.2 齿连接step joints方木和原木桁架木压杆抵承在弦杆齿槽上传力的节点连接。

2.0.3 胶合木结构structural glued-laminated timber层板胶合木组成的结构。

2.0.4 层板胶合木glued-laminated timber(Glulam)将木纹平行于长度方向且厚度不大于45mm的木板层叠胶合的木制品。

2.0.5 指形接头Finger joints将两块木板端头用铣刀切削成能相互啮合的指形序列，涂胶加压接长成为层(lamination)。

2.0.6 规格材dimension lumber宽度和高度按规定尺寸加工的木材。

2.0.7 轻型木结构wood-frame construction将木基结构板材与间距不大于600mm侧立的规格材用钉连接成墙体、楼盖和屋盖，并组成框架式结构，用于1～3层房屋。

2.0.8 墙骨studs轻型木结构墙体框架的主要受压构件，采用宽度为40mm，高度为90～1040mm的规格材。

2.0.9 搁栅joists轻型木结构楼盖或屋盖的侧立受弯构件，采用高度等于或大于115mm的规格材。

机械类常用英语词汇大全一字螺丝批slot type screwdriver一点透视one-point perspective二画二合一黏合剂epoxy resin adhesive二合胶；混合胶epoxy glue二维的；平面的two-dimensional二进制binary二极管；整流子diode二号螺丝攻second tap二路开关two-way switch十进制的；公制的metric人工制品artefact人造板man-made board人体工程学ergonomics。

human engineering 人体尺寸human dimension人体测量学anthropometry。

anthropometrics 刀片blade刀身blade刀具tool刀具溜座carriage刀柱tool post刀架tool rest刀架底座tool rest bracket刀座帷；床鞍apron刀座鞍；溜板座saddle力force力三角形triangle of force力平行四边形parallelogram of force力多边形；多边形力学polygon of force力的分解force resolution力架；亮漆lacquer力矩moment力偶couple力矩定律law of moment力-距离图表force-distance graph力图force diagram力线line of force力点effort十字榫cross halving joint十字螺丝Philip's head screw十字螺丝批Philip's type screwdriver丁字尺；T 尺tee square三画三爪夹头three-jaw chuck三角尺set square三角形结构系杆triangulation tie三角锉triangular file三维的；立体的three-dimensional三氯甲烷；哥罗芳chloroform三聚氰胺；蜜胺melamine三点透视three-point perspective上油漆painting上釉enamelling凡立水varnish叉形顶尖fork centre口罩mask士力；虫漆shellac士巴拿；扳手spanner大芯夹板；宽条芯夹板blockboard。

木结构工程施工质量验收规范Code for construction quality acceptance of timber structures1 总则1.0.1 为了加强建筑工程质量管理，统一木结构工程施工质量的验收，保证工程质量，制定本规范。

1.0.2 本规范适用于木结构工程施工质量的验收。

1.0.3 木结构工程施工中的工程技术文件，承包合同文件对施工质量验收的要求不得低于本规范的规定。

1.0.4 本规定应及国家标准《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》GB50300-2001配套使用。

1.0.5 木结构工程施工质量验收，除应执行本规范外，尚应符合国家现行有关标准的规定。

2 术语2.0.1 方木和原木结构 sawn and round timber structures方木（含板材）或原木组成的结构。

2.0.2 齿连接 step joints方木和原木桁架木压杆抵承在弦杆齿槽上传力的节点连接。

2.0.3 胶合木结构 structural glued-laminated timber层板胶合木组成的结构。

2.0.4 层板胶合木 glued-laminated timber(Glulam)将木纹平行于长度方向且厚度不大于45mm的木板层叠胶合的木制品。

2.0.5 指形接头 Finger joints将两块木板端头用铣刀切削成能相互啮合的指形序列，涂胶加压接长成为层(lamination)。

2.0.6 规格材 dimension lumber宽度和高度按规定尺寸加工的木材。

2.0.7 轻型木结构 wood-frame construction将木基结构板材及间距不大于600mm侧立的规格材用钉连接成墙体、楼盖和屋盖，并组成框架式结构，用于1～3层房屋。

2.0.8 墙骨 studs轻型木结构墙体框架的主要受压构件，采用宽度为40mm，高度为90～1040mm的规格材。

2.0.9 搁栅 joists轻型木结构楼盖或屋盖的侧立受弯构件，采用高度等于或大于115mm的规格材。

(完整word版)人教版高中英语单词表(超强完整版)必修1Unit 1△survey n。

调查;测验add up合计upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt。

（upset, upset）使不安；使心烦ignore vt.不理睬；忽视calm vt。

＆vi。

（使)平静；（使)镇定adj。

平静的；镇静的；沉着的calm(…)down (使）平静下来；（使)镇定下来have got to不得不;必须concern vt. (使)担忧；涉及；关系到n。

担心；关注；(利害）关系be concerned about关心;挂念walk the dog 遛狗loose adj.松的；松开的△vet n.兽医go through经历;经受△Amsterdam n.阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都）Netherlands n。

荷兰（西欧国家）△Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的German adj.德国的；德国人的;德语的n．德国人;德语△Nazi n.纳粹党人adj.纳粹党的set down记下；放下；登记series n。

连续；系列a series of一连串的;一系列;一套△Kitty n.基蒂（女名)outdoors adv。

在户外；在野外△spellbind vt。

(spellbound， spellbound）迷住；迷惑on purpose 故意in order to为了……dusk n.黄昏；傍晚at dusk在黄昏时刻thunder vi.打雷；雷鸣n．雷；雷声entire adj.整个的；完全的;全部的entirely adv. 完全地；全然地;整个地power n.能力;力量；权力face to face面对面地curtain n.窗帘;门帘；幕布dusty adj.积满灰尘的no longer/not…any longer不再……partner n.伙伴；合作者；合伙人settle vi.安家；定居；停留vt。

沙发专业英语术语A strip of fabric gathered as a curtain, or pleated, and applied to the base of upholstered furniture, a feature popular in Early American styling.FOAM : Material used for cushioning or to pad upholstered furniture. "Foam" is short for polyurethane foam in general use today. Is used as seat cushions or in thinner sheets for arm, side and back padding.FORTREL : Trade name for a polyester fiber (See polyester). FRAME Basic structure or skeleton of an upholstered sofa or chair. Kiln-dried hard wood is best for durability in wooden frames.FRENCH SEAM: (See inverted)FRONT RAIL: The wood frame part lowest to the floor , and at the front of piece.GLIDES : Buttons of plastic or metal applied to bottom of legs to make furniture easier to move around.GLUE BLOCKS : Triangular pieces of wood used to rein- force joints. Glued in place after being applied to frame. HAND (OR HANDLE) :Term used to describe the feel of a fabric such as soft, rough, or smooth.HANDLE-OPERATED RECLINER :Reclining movement of chair is con- trolled by a handle accessible to the per- son sitting in the chair rather than by body movement.HARD EDGE : (See tailored edge)HELICALS :Small, tightly coiled springs used to add extra comfort. Used, for example, to attach flat spring on all sides of material and frame for sleep/sofa.HERCULON: Trade name for an olefin fiber. (See olefin).HIDDEN CASTERS : Recessed casters used to totally concealthe use of caster .INVERTED SEAM: Seam joining underside of fabric with no welt. (Also called French seam).JACQUARD (FABRIC): A method of producing elaborately patterned weaves on a mechanical Jacquard loom on which the roller gives design instructions instead of musical notes.KICK PLEAT : Tailored pleated skirt on the bottom of upholstered pieces. (See skirt).KNOCK DOWN (OR K-D) :Unassembled or self-assembled furniture which you buy that way and put together yourself at home.KODEL: Trade name for a polyester fiber (See polyester).LAWSON: A furniture style in which arms are lower than the back. (See tuxedo).LEFT –FACING: The left-hand side of a piece of furniture when looking at same from the front. (See right-facing). LOOSE PILLOW CONSTRUCTION: A style of sofa or chair which features separate detachable pillows for back support.MATCH (ING): Positioning of a pattern, stripe or plaid. so that it flows continuously down the back across the seat and down the front of a sofa or chair. Not all fabrics may be matched. (Also see center match). MATELASSE (FABRIC): Tightly woven flat fabric with a quilted puff effect.MODULAR (S): (See sectionals).MR. & MRS. CHAIRS: Two matching chairs of the same style - one larger for him, one smaller for her.NAIL-HEAD TRIM: Decorative head nails or a simulated nail- head strip used to accentuate a style, usually used on arms and rails.NAP: Raised fibers in a pile fabric such as velvet.NUBBY: Fabric with yarns of different thicknesses giving an irregular hand to fabric.NYLON: Generic name for an important man- made synthetic fiber. Among the most durable synthetic fibers used for OLEFIN : Man-made synthetic fiber, good proper- ties of strength, and resistance to abrasion, excellent cleanability.Trade names: Herculon, Vectra.ORLON: Trade name for an acrylic fiber. (See acrilan).OTTOMAN: Footstool or the footrest attached to a reclining chair.PADDING: (See filling).PEDESTAL BASE : Base placed under the center of a piece of furniture. Commonly used on recliners and swivel rockers.PILE WEA VE : Fabric with raised nap -velvet, corduroy, fake furs.POL YESTER: A man-made fiber. Trade names: Dacron, Fortrel, Kodel. Most like cotton in its appearance and physical properties.POL YSTYRENE: A man-made synthetic used to simulate wood. Often used to reproduce expensive wood trim.Can also be used to make frame parts or entire frames.POL YURETHANE :Man-made synthetic foam used for filling and for cushions. Rigid polyurethane can also reproduce wood trim or make entire frame.POP UP : A reclining chair in which the head rest pops up from inside the chair back when moved into a reclining position.PRINT :Any fabric on which a design is printed on the surface rather than woven in.PULL-OVER BACK: Furniture design in which back padding wraps around and over back rather than being squared off and trimmed with welting.QUILTING Process of taking two layers of flat fabrics with light padding in between and sewing them together with an over-all design. Fabrics used for quilting are often prints or plain satins.Two types of quilting are used: 1) Loom quilting which produces any overall design on a fabric; 2) Outline quilting in which each element of a design (a lily for example) is outlined.RAIL : Lowest part of the wood frame. There are front, back and side rails.RAYON : A man-made cellulose fiber. Trade names: Jetspun and Colorspun. Dyes well with high luster. Works well in dense pile or closely woven fabrics. Usually used in a blend with other fibers.RECLINER: Chairs which do just what the name implies -they recline. All have built-in ottomans or footrests; two-way rockers have two positions (upright and one reclining position); three- way rockers have three positions (upright and two reclining positions).REVERSIBLE CUSHIONS: Seat cushions which may be turned upside down or reversed for durability. Vinyl cushions, however, cannot be reversed because a bottom fabric panel is needed for ventilation.RIGHT -FACING :The right-hand side of a piece of furniture when looking at same from the front. (See left-facing). ROCKER :Any chair which tips back and forth in place. Traditional rockers have arched supports on the legs.Platform rockers move on springs on stationary bases. There are also swivel rockers and rocker reclinersavailable.SADDLE ARM : An arm style which looks exactly as if you hadplaced a saddle on the arm. It dips down and wraps over the arm.SADDLE STITCHED :A decorative form of sewing the cover. Used more for ornamentation. It is not required for a good seam closure.SCALLOP : An ornamental border on a skirt of small half circles.SCOTCHGARD : (See stain-resistant finish)SELF-COVERED SEAT DECK : The area above the seat springs on which loose seat cushions rest is the seat deck.When covered in the same material as the exterior of the piece, it is called "self- covered." Thus if cushions move apart, you see the same upholstery fabric underneath rather than the customarily used beige denim fabric扶手:arm 扶板:wing 层板:plywood 填料:padding 转角:wedge, 底座:arm panel 后挡板:tailgate 扶手垫:armcap, 头枕:headrest 坐垫:cushion 拉练:zipper 搁脚ttoman 茶几:end table 摇椅:recliner塑料膜：plastic film／bubble film 海绵：foam 泡沫板：ＥＰＳblock2纸板：corrugate 后下outside back扶手内侧inside arm 面板front arm panel 扶手外侧outside arm 扶手前front arm 扶手后侧the rear arm. 扶手top arm / arm 接缝seam 靠背正面inside back 缝针、针脚stitch靠背后面outside back 双针two-needle stitch靠背back rest 双针机double needle machine屏耳the wing on both sides of the back 回针returned-stitch 防护绵: poly (top back rail) (STAPLED) 缝止the width of the seam喷胶棉（树脂棉）Glued Fiber / Rolled Fiber 针距stitch size spacing松棉）Loosed Fiber 刀眼notch 编织带Webbing 针眼stitchmark封口胶Tape for sealing the carton 浮线float stitch 抓钉T-Nuts 线头Odd pieces of thread 枪钉staple 露线exposed stitches 垫圈ring / bezel/washer 贴边/嵌条Welt三人沙发Sofa 效影（阴阳色）two-tone effect 搁脚30, Ottoman瑕疵flaw 转椅swivel chair 色差off shade 头层皮top grain结点knot 二层皮split 深色纱线斑点mottled yarns 仿皮vinyl 橡皮膏stress tape (cloth tape) for C&S天鹅绒kin velvet 杀真菌剂fungicide 无纺布non-woven fabric/dustcover 里布denim 毡毯felt 中垫Center / Central cushion倒顺毛the direction of pile 上垫Upper layer cushionS簧/蛇簧no-sag spring 拉布/拉条Puller 塔簧long coil spring 防霉：mildew-proof 蜡变革wax finish, wax effect 靠垫：back pillow油变革oily pull-up leather [抛枕：throw pillow 磨砂革buffed leather, nubuck, sanded 夹板ply wood 雌雄扣Velcro 缝制工艺图Sewing diagram 家具固定带, 无弹性Puckering 纸板Paper pattern 松紧带Elastic 样套Sample C&S T隔布partition (PCS.) 钉饰nail trim 五金压条metal tacking strip 弯度curve board 海棉--密度-density 弹性-hysteresis loss 支撑系数-support factor 阻燃测试-Flammability test 2KG黄芯-yellow core(一)沙发外观及感官要求:1 徒手揿压座面和背面应无异常的(exceptional)金属摩擦(friction)和撞击(impact)响声(noise,sound)。