Module 5 Unit 1 Great scientists遂昌中学刘仁海分课时教案Period 1 Warming up, Pre-reading & ReadingTeaching goals:1.To talk about some great scientists and their achievements.2.To develop some basic reading skills.3.To get the general idea of the passage and to relate the passage to stages in a scientific experiment. Teaching procedures:Step one Warming upIntroduce some famous scientists and their achievements, and then do the quiz.There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them? What kind of role do they play in the field of science? Do these achievements have anything in common? Match the inventions with their inventors below before you answer all these questions.Alexander Bell electricityThomas Edison the First telephoneLaite Brothers the electric LampMadame Curie black holes in UniverseFranklin Theory of GravitySteven Hawking the First PlaneElbert Einstein RadiumIsaac Newton the Theory of RelativityStep two Reading1.Pre-reading:1). Pair work : What do you know about infectious diseases?2). Group work: Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research? Discuss in small groups the stages in examining a new scientific idea. What order would you put them in?draw a conclusion think of a method collect results make up a questionfind a problem analyse the results find supporting evidence repeat if necessary2. While-reading:1).Predicting:Introduce the title of the passage—John Snow Defeats King Cholera.●What does the title imply?●Predict what the text is about after reading the title and the first paragraph.●Guess what kind of person John Snow was by analyzing the key words in the first paragraph.2). Skimming:●Get the students to read the passage fast . Ask them to pay attention to the first sentence in each paragraph andtry to find several key words to sum up the main idea of the whole passage.●Compare what the students have predicted with the content given by the author.●Read the passage again to get the general idea of each paragraph.Para.1: The causes of cholera.Para.2: The correct or possible theory.Para.3: Collect data on those where people were ill and died and where they got their water. Para.4: Plot information on a map to find out where people died or did not die.Para.5: Analyse the water to see if that is the cause of the illness.Para.6: Find other evidences to confirm his conclusion.Para.7: The polluted dirty source of drinking water was to blame for the cause of the London cholera.3). Scanning:●Read the passage and try to put the correct stages into the reading about research into a disease.A. draw a conclusionB. think of a methodC. collect resultsD. make up a questionE. find a problemF. analyse the resultsG. find supporting evidenceH. repeat if necessaryKeys: E→D→B→C→F→G→A●Answer some detailed questions about the passage and learn some language points:1. Wha t do you know about Dr. John Snow’s being well-known in London?(He attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.).e.g. I may be late – I have got one or two things to attend to.Mother had to attend to her sick son .2. From what disease did Londoners suffer in his age?(They exposed themselves to cholera.).e.g. The wolf opened its mouth to expose a row of sharp teeth.Don’t expose your skin to the sun; your skin will be hurt.People in many provinces of China exposed themselves to the SARS in 2003.3. Did people know how to cure the disease?e.g Aspirin is said to be a wonderful cure for the pain.Although the boy was beyond cure, his parents tried to cure him of bad habits.4.When did Dr. Snow think the disease would be controlled?(He knew he would never be controlled until its cause was found.)e.g. The Ministry of Health has set up a program to control the spread of AIDSThe buttons control the temperature in the building5. What was the second theory explaining how the disease killed people?(People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.)be absorbed in = concentrate oneg. He is absorbed in the research of Chinese history recently.absorb one’s attentioneg. Chinese history absorbs his attention recently.5.How serious was the disease outbreak in London?(The cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days.)e.g. He has such a severe illness that he has been in hospital.I was caught in a severe storm last night and couldn’t go back home in time.7. Did the map which Dr. Snow draw help find the cause of the disease?(The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.)e.g. -- What is the value of this 18k white gold diamond necklace?-- It cost me $2,000 (=It was worth $2,000.),but I valued the necklace at $1,000.It was a valuable diamond necklace.We never know the value of water till the well is dry.8. Where were many of the deaths in Broad Street?(Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.)e.g. If you have a flat tyre, you will pump air into the tyre.We had a debate yesterday. The lively debate really pumped us up.9. Why did some houses have no deaths?(These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They were given free beer and so had not drunkthe water from the Broad street pump.)10. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible for the disease?(It seemed the water was to blame.)e.g. They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan.The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident.He is ready to take the blame for what had happened.11. What did Dr. Snow advised the people in Broad Street do?(He told the people to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.)12. What else did Dr. Snow find in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak?(In addition, he found 2 other deaths.)e.g. The new bridge will link the island to the mainland.Compare: in addition, also, as well as, besidesIn addition to apples you asked for, I bought you some oranges.13. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public?(He announced that polluted water carried the disease.)e.g. The captain announced that the plane was going to land.The army announced a cease-fire.14. What did Dr. Snow tell the water companies?(They were instructed not to expose people to polluted water anymore.)e.g. She instructed me in the use of this telephone.I've been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.3. Post-reading:Work in groups of four and discuss the following questions:1).What should you do if you're traveling to a country that has a cholera outbreak according to Snow’s theory? (Drink only water that you have boiled or treated with chlorine or iodine. Other safe drinks include tea or coffee made with boiled water and carbonated, bottled beverages with no ice. Eat only food that's been thoroughly cooked and is still hot, or fruit that you've peeled yourself. Avoid undercooked or raw fish and shellfish. Avoid raw salads and vegetables. Avoid food and drinks from street vendors.)2.) What spirit can we find in John Snow? As a student, what should we learn from him? Step three ConsolidationListen to the tape and get a better comprehension of the passage. While listening , pay special attention to the new words and expressions as well as the sentence structures they have learned. Step four Homework1.Read the passage aloud after class.2.Prepare for comprehending and learning about language.3.Writing: What I think of John Snow.Period 2 Comprehending & learning about language.Teaching goals:1.To find the scientific report by John Snow and to further understand the passage.2.To get a better understanding of the passage.3.To discover useful words and expressions, structures.Teaching procedures:Step one Revision1.Ask some students to read the text aloud fluently.2.Check the homework exercises.Step two Comprehending1.Fill in the chart after reading the passage.2.Read the passage again and answer these questions.1). Cholera was a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?2). John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?3). Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map? Give a reason.Step three Learning about the language1.Discovering useful words and expressions.1)Choose the suitable words or expressions to complete this passage: valuable, instruct, cure, expose, look into, examine, put forward, immediately, announceLi Heping was a famous football player, but his career came to an end when he became very ill. The doctor _________ him but could not find the cause of this illness. He___________ the theory that Li Heping had been _______ to a new virus. He knew he would not be able to ____ him___________, but promised he would ________the possibility of finding one in the future. Sadly, Li Heping __________ that he would take up a new career to _______ footballers in planning for the future. At his last match he thanked his fans for their _______ support by singing the popular song: “Thanks for the memory”.2). Sometimes in English we put the verb make with a noun instead of using a simple verb; for example, make a mistake instead of to mistake. Look at these simple verbs and make another construction using make + a + noun.3). In English verbs like make are very active and useful. Try to remember them and make sentences with the following words.make a face make friends make money make up one’s way to make suremake a decision make up one’s mind make the bed make room for4). This is a report on living conditions in England in the nineteenth century. Choose the correct verb or conjunction to put into the text. Each word may be used only once.link ... to blame expose ... to testdefeat reject absorb examine severe connect…toIn the twenty-first century, educated people find it difficult to believe that living conditions in the nineteenth century ______ people ___ serious illnesses. The reports of many doctors ____illness ___ drinking polluted water. However, one hundred years ago people did not _____a disease ___ the environment. So they did not _____ the companies that supplied dirty water. The doctors found that the dirtier the water, the more ______ the illness. It was only later when people began to ________ the water and ____ its quality that they _______ the idea that cholera was_________ from the air. It was only when everybody began to attack the dirty conditions that cholera was________ and was not a problem any more.2.Discovering useful structures.1). Look at the following sentences where the past participle is used, and find two more examples in thereading passage.Examples: So many thousands of terrified people died. (Attribute)Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people.(Predicative)He got interested in the two theories.Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.2). Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.3). Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.1.He got ______ about losing the money.2.Why do you always look so ____? Do you sleep well these days?3.I was ___________ with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.4.Everybody was ________________ to hear the death of the famous film star.5.The children are really _______ about going to the zoo.6.His wound became _______with a new virus.4). Rewrite the following sentences with the past participle as attributive.1.Let’s try the bookstore that was opened last month.(Let’s try the bookstore opened last mo nth.)2. Nine out of ten women who were interviewed about the product said they liked it.(Nine out of ten women interviewed about the product said they liked it.)3. Yesterday, the President went to visit the workers who had retired.(Yesterday, the President went to visit the retired workers.)Step four Homework1.Go through the grammar items on p89 and finish Using Structures on p44.2.Finish the exercises about using words and expressions on p42.Period 3 Listening and speakingTeaching goals:1.To learn how to get required information by listening.2.Be familiar with some expressions about describing a person’s qualities.3.Practise communicating with their classmates about their futures realistically.Teaching procedures:Step one Listening:1.Lead in: A brief introduction to Fei Junrong and Nie haisheng, and then lead to the famous scientist QianXueshen.2.Explain some new words which will appear in the listening material--astronomer (天文学家), astronaut (宇航员)institute (研究所)then read the questions and ask the students to guess what this passage may be about.3.Listen to the passage twice, then let the students answer these questions.4.Play the tape once again, and check the answers together.Step two Speaking:In pairs discuss what scientific job each of you would like to choose in the future.1.These questions may help you:What job do you want to do?What education will you need? What personality will be needed?How long will the training take?What work experience would be useful?How will you prepare for this career?2.Theses expressions may help you:I always wanted to.. because…I might find it difficult to …My greatest problem will be to …Theexperience I will need is…I need to practise…I will need to be /become: patient, creative, hard-working, co-operative, confident, brave, positive, pleasant, polite, determined, energetic, strict with…3. Let the students practise it in pairs, then ask some of them to give the report.4. Show the slides of the sample conversation.Sample conversation:A : What do you want to do when you grow up?B: I want to build robots. I will have to do a physics and mathematics degree in China. After that I hope to go abroad to Reading University in England where you can study all about robots. There is a special cybernetics(控制论) department there.A: Why personality will be needed for that job?B: They have a lot of uses: for example, in making cars on a production line or doing other repetitive jobs.A: What personality will be needed for that job?B: I think I need to be patient for my ideas will take a long time to develop. I also need to be creative enough to have good ideas.A: What experience will be most useful to you?B: I think technology and engineering projects. I hope to work in a factory in my holidays.A: What kind of person makes a good inventor?B: I think someone who is happy to persevere at something and learns from his mistakes.A: Thank you. I think designing robots sounds fun.Step three Listening. (p.41)1. Some short introduction to this passage and some new words in it. New words in the listening passage:species (种类)，parrot (鹦鹉) blackbird (乌鸦)2. Read the questions before listening to the tape.3. Listen to it twice.4. Finish the exercises on p41, then check the answers.5. Show the slides of the reading text and listen again if necessary.Step 4 Homework:1. Do the listening task on P44.2.Writing: What I would like to be in the future.Period 4 Reading, writing and learning tipsTeaching goals:1.To learn about Copernicus’ revolutionary theory.2.To learn to write a persuasive essay and improve their integrating skills .Teaching procedures:Step one Pre-readingWe know the first scientist is Copernicus. He was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information. He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and other planets went around it. The chart on P.7 shows his theory.Let’s enjoy a video of Copernicus’ Revolutionary Theory.Step two While-reading1 Skimming:Read through the passage fast and try to get the main idea of the passage.2. Scanning:Scan the passage and find the experiences of CopernicusBirth: February 19, 1473Death: May 24, 1543Place of Birth: Toruń, PolandCareer:1491-1494 Studied mathematics at Kraków Academy1496 Went to Italy to study astronomy and law at the University of Bologna1497 Began observations of the Sun, Moon, and planets1514Wrote Commentariolus, an outline of his astronomical ideas, but did not circulate it widely1543Published De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial)●Read through the passage again, and tell whether the following statements are true or false.1. At Copernicus’ time, Christian Church was in charge of many western countries.2. Copernicus noticed that observed from the earth, some planets appears in front of or behind the earth.3. Copernicus didn’t show his new theory to his friends until he completed it.4. His friends were not interested in his ideas.5. Since he was not afraid of being attacked by the Church, Copernicus published his book as soon as hefinished working on it.6. Newton, Einstein, and Hawking are all scientists who made contribution to the study of the universe.Step three Explain some language points1. Fill in the blankets with proper words.1) Mao Zedong is the great leader of the Chinese R_________.2) The Invention of the computer caused a r________ in our way of living.3) Sun Zhongsan is a great r___________ leader.4) Yuan Longping created a r___________ new way of growing rice.2. lead to: to result in 导致Your carelessness will lead to the trouble in the future.3. make sense1) to have a clear meaningNo matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn't make sense.2) to be wise course of actionIt makes sense to take care of your health.4. spin--- spun(span)--- spinninge.g. We span the coin to see who would have first turn.I spun around to see who had spoken.5. If you don’t like Tom, you may r_____ his gift.If you don’t think the suggestion is suitable for you, you may r____ it.6. enthusiastic: be interested inShe’s very ______________________ singing.We explain our plan, and he is very___________.enthusiastic enthusiasm enthusiasticallyShe shows boundless __________ for the work.She greeted him _____________ with a kiss.She is very __________ about Eastern music.7. cautious-- cautiously :careful to avoid riskbe cautious about/of sb./sth.e.g. The bank is very cautious about lending money.My father is a very cautious driver.The guard warned me to be cautious about strangers.Step four DiscussionIf you were Nicolaus Copernicus, would you have hidden your theory for so many years? Give a reason. (Suggested answer:As a scientist, Copernicus was more cautious than coward. If he had published his ideas at his time, he would have been killed just as Bruno who was burnt to death because his theory was against the Christian Church’s. Every time when a new idea appears, there are always rejections. It’s normal. Scientists should have patience to spread their truth..)Step five Writing1. Now write a short letter asking Copernicus to publish his ideas so everyone can read them.2. Learning tips.This article is a persuasive writing, which is about changing somebody else’s point of view. When you are doing this kind of writing, you must always have some evidence to support your idea. To make this easier, you can hold discussions with your family and friends. Give your ideas and reasons to them whenever you are making choices. You may argue with them and try to persuade them. Then you will find it easier to do your persuade writing.However, when you are writing, do not forget to plan your work and put your ideas in a logical order.Now please discuss in a group of four and decide how to write this letter. Try to collect your ideas and make a plan. You can read the tips given to you in Ex.3 on page 7.Here is a plan:Beginning: Tell Copernicus who you are and why you want him to publish his ideas.Paragraph 1: Reason 1 and evidence.Paragraph 2: Reason 2 and evidence.Summing up: Ask him to think again about publishing his ideas.3. Sample writingDear Nicolaus Copernicus,I am a student studying astronomy and I would very much like to read your new theory about the solar system. I hope you will publish it for several reasons.I understand the problems with the present theory. The way the planets move is not what you would expect if the earth was the centre of the universe. It is also odd that the brightness of some stars seems to change. So I agree with you that we need a new theory.I know your observations have been very carefully carried out over many years. Now you must have the courage to publish them. Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs. I know you worry about what will happen if you publish your new theory.No matter how people oppose it, time will show if your ideas are right or wrong.So I hope you will feel you can publish your new theory.Yours sincerely,(your name)Step six Homework1. Write down your persuasive essay on your exercise books.2. Review the whole unit and prepare for the dictation.Period 5 Summing up & AssessmentTeaching goals:1.To know about what they have learned in this unit.2.To check their work and give a self-assessment.Teaching procedures:Step one Revision1. Have a dictation of the words and expression learned in this unit.scientific conclude repeat defeat attend expose control blame immediately announce complete cautious put forward draw a conclusionin addition link…to apart from lead to make sense point of view2. Translate the following sentences(p42)1) 除了公园以外，这个夏天我就没有出过公寓。
