下载文档原格式
最全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习 (精华版)一、主谓一致的概念主谓一致是指“主语和谓语动词”之间的一致性，即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词的形式。
在英语语法中，主谓一致是一个非常重要的原则，它确保了句子结构正确和表达清晰。
主谓一致可以分为语法一致和意义一致两种原则。
二、主谓一致的种类1. 语法一致（1）当主语由两个或两个以上的单数名词或者代词组成时，谓语动词的形式取决于指代的是否为不同的人或事物。
如果是不同的人或事物，谓语动词用复数形式；如果指代的是同一个人或事物或者同一概念，谓语动词用单数形式。
（2）当主语是不定式、动词ing形式或主语从句时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
（3）在定语从句中，关系代词who、which、that作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
（4）使用连接词with、along with、together with、as well as、besides、like、without、except、but等连接的主语，谓语动词的数要与主语的数保持一致。
（5）主语为不定代词all、more、some、any、none时，谓语动词的形式视具体情况而定。
（6）主语为the rest of、half of、part of、majority of、percent of、one third of等加名词时，谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。
（7）集合名词作主语时，动词可用单数或复数，主要由句子的意思决定。
强调整体时，谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时，动词用复数。
常见的集合名词有public、family、class、crowd、population、team、group等。
（8）某些名词如people、police、cattle等，形式上是单数，但意义上是复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。
但people指“民族”时是例外。
2. 意义一致原则指主谓一致取决于主语的其实际意义。
有的主语名词在形式上是单数，但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数，但在意义上却是单数。
高考英语语法之主谓一致的用法总结主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
它是英语语法中的重要内容，正确使用主谓一致有助于提高语言表达的准确性和流畅性。
下面是主谓一致的用法总结。
1.单数主语搭配单数谓语：- 例如：He runs every morning.- 主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即动词加“-s”或者“-es”。
2.复数主语搭配复数谓语：- 例如：They run every morning.- 主语为复数时，谓语动词不加“-s”或者“-es”。
3.并列主语搭配复数谓语：- 例如：Tom and Jerry are good friends.- 并列主语由连词“and”连接时，谓语动词用复数形式。
4.具体时间表达式中的单数主语搭配复数谓语：- 例如：Three days is enough.-具体时间表达式中的单数主语搭配复数谓语，常以复数形式表示。
5.集体名词的单数形式搭配单数谓语，但根据语境决定单复数：6. 由"one of + 复数名词"引导的主语，谓语动词用复数形式：- 例如：One of the students have won scholarships. (学生中有人获得了奖学金。
）- 此处的one of the students表示“其中一位学生”，主语为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。
7.有些名词既可以作单数，又可以作复数，谓语动词根据意思决定单复数形式：- 例如：The news is interesting. (这个新闻很有趣。
）- 例如：The news are good. (这些消息很好。
）- 此处的news是一个例子，作为可数名词时，可以看作单数或复数，谓语动词根据意思决定单复数形式。
8. 在there be句型中- 例如：There is a cat on the table. (桌子上有一只猫。
）- 例如：There are two cats on the table. (桌子上有两只猫。
高考英语语法：主谓一致主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。
主谓一致一般遵循三个原则：语法一致(或叫形式一致)，意义一致或就近一致①.语法一致: 主谓在语法形式上一致, 即主语是单数形式, 谓语用单数, 主语是复数形式, 谓语用复数②.意义一致: 根据主语的内在涵义的单复数确定谓语的单复数③.就近一致: 一个句子中有两个或两个以上的主语,谓语和靠近它的那个主语保持人称和数的一致分述1.当主语是不定代词somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, everything, nothing, something, anything等时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数a. Somebody is waiting for you outside.b. Nobody knows the answer.有些不定代词作主语时, 据意义确定谓语动词的单复数. 若不定代词所指为单数意义, 谓语用单数; 若不定代词所指为复数意义, 谓语用复数. 这类词有: all, some, any, more, most, half 等a. All are happy to hear the news.b. All that has to be done has been done.c. Most of the surface of the earth is covered by water.d. Half of the wood has been carried away.2.集体名词如: family, class, army, enemy,government, group, team等作主语时, 如果将其看作一个整体, 则谓语动词用单数, 若看成其中的成员(个体), 则谓语动词用复数a. My family is a happy one. / All my family are music lovers.b. Our class is the best in our school. / The whole class are having a discussion about the problem.集体名词people, cattle, police, youth等作主语时, 谓语动词常用复数a. The police are looking for the thief.b. Cattle are not allowed to graze here.3.代词none和neither作主语时, 谓语动词根据说话人的意思用单数或复数. 当说话人着眼于任何一个都不时, 谓语动词用单数; 当说话人着眼于全都不时, 谓语动词用复数a. None of them has a car. ( 他们没有一个人有汽车)b. None of them have a car. ( 他们都没有汽车)c. None of them knows the answer. ( 他们两个谁也不知道答案)d. None of them know the answer. ( 他们两个都不知道答案)4.bothand连接两个主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数. eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut 连接两个主语时, 采取就近原则, 即谓语动词和靠近它的那个主语保持一致a. Both Tom and Jerry were late for school that day.b. Either you or he has dropped waste paper in the street.c. Neither he nor I have forgotten for pay for the drinks.5.在There be和Here be结构中, 句子的主语在be之后, 如果主语不止一个, 那么谓语动词be与邻近的主语一致a. There is a desk, a table, three chairs in the room.b. There are three chairs, a desk and a table in the room.c. Here are two letters and a magazine for you.6.如果主语后面跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, but, except, besi des, including, like, rather than, no less than, in addition to(除外)等引导的短语时, 谓语动词的形式只与主语有关, 而与其后的短语无关a. The teacher with three student s was in the classroom then.b. This book, as well as the other two books, is borrowed from our school library.c. None but Jim and Mike knows my secret.d. Seven people, including a policeman, were killed.7.表示时间, 长度, 距离, 金额, 价值, 重量, 容量等的复数名词作主语时, 通常作整体看待, 即表示总量或总和, 谓语动词用单数. 若把它们看作一个个的个体, 即强调其具体数量时, 谓语动词用复数形式a. Twenty years is a long time to us.b. Two hundred miles is not a long distance.c. Ten thousand US dollars is a lot of money.d. There are ten minutes left.8.在四则运算中, 谓语动词用单复数均可, 但单数形式更为多用a. Two and ten is / are twelve.b. Three times five is / are fifteen.9.动名词或动词不定式作主语时, 谓语动词用单数a. Smoking / To smoke is a bad habit.b. Carving animal bones is not an easy job.10.主语从句作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数. 但若主语从句所指的具体内容为复数意义时, 谓语动词用复数a. What we need is more time.b. What we need are more doctors.11.以-s结尾的专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数, 这类专有名词如: General Motors(通用汽车公司), the United Nations(联合国), the United States, the New York Times(纽约时报)等.a. The New York Times is published daily.b. The Arabian Nights is a popular reading among the young people.表示群岛, 山脉, 瀑布的专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数, 如:the Andes(安第斯山脉), the Alps(阿尔卑斯山脉), the West Indies(西印度群岛), the Niagara Falls(尼加拉大瀑布)12.有些形式为复数, 而意义为单数的名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 这类名词如: news, works(工厂), politics(政治), physics(物理), mathematics(数学 )等13.以-s或-es结尾, 由对称的两部分构成的物体作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 这类物体如: trousers, glasses, jeans(牛仔裤), scissors(剪刀), shades(太阳镜)等. 如果这类名词前用了pair, 则谓语动词的数取决于pair的数a. Here is a pair of glasses for you.b. There are three pairs of jeans in the bag.14. 分数或百分数+ of + 名词作主语时, 谓语动词视名词的可数与否采用单数或复数a. Over three quarters of the city was destroyed in the war.b. 35 percent of the do ctors are women.c. Thirty percent of the workers are out of work now.d. One third of the water has been wasted.15.用and连接两个或两个以上的单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 如果and连接的两个名词指的是同一人、事、物或概念( 如: a knife and f ork一副刀叉, the bread and butter奶油面包, my house and home我的家)时, 则谓语动词用单数a. Many books and a pen are on the desk.b. The pianist and composer (钢琴家兼作曲家) has come to this small town.16. the + adj.表示一类人或事物作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. the +adj.若表示抽象概念或品质, 则谓语用单数a. The old in the city are taken good care of.b. The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.美给我们以快乐17.more than one和many a + 单数名词作主语时, 谓语用单数a. Many a student has won the prize.很多学生获了奖b. More than one person has made the same mistake.不止一人犯了同样的错误。
高中英语语法专题主谓一致与常见短语主谓一致“一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在性、数等方面应保持一致.主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、性、数上保持一致,如何学好英语?小编在这里整理了相关资料，快来学习学习吧!高中英语语法专题主谓一致一. 就近原则：在not only…but also, not…but , neither…nor , either…or , there be… 句型中，谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。
例： 1.Not only they but also I am going to collect money for the Hope Project.2.Either you or Jack is about to take the place of the manager.二. 集合名词做主语，指成员时，谓语用复数;指团体，组织时，谓语用单数：如：class , team, group, family, audience(听众), government, company, crowd, public, enemy, committee(委员会) 等。
例：1.The class are busy working on the exercises at the moment .2.The team was an excellent one in the 25th Olympic Games .三. 当两个名词用 with, together with, as well as, rather than, more than, but, except, besides, along with, including, like 等连接起来做主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
例： 1.Jackie, with his parents, intends to set out for Europe on business next week.2.The son, rather than his parents, is responsible for the fire accident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母)四. 当 each, neither, either 以及由 every, any, no, some 与 one, body, thing 构成的不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
（完整版）高考英语专题复习主谓一致（附答案）.doc高考英语专题复习主谓一致（附答案）I.考点分析一、概述主谓一致是指句子成分之间或词语之间在人称、性、数等方面的一致关系。
处理主谓一致一般应遵循以下三条原则：1.语法一致，即在语法形式上取得一致。
例如，主语为单数形式，谓语动词也为单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采取复数形式。
a. The number of errors was surprising.b. Julia and her twin sister naturally look a lot alike.2.意义一致，即从意义着眼处理一致关系。
a. The crowd were fighting for their lives. (单形名词主语要求复数谓语动词，下划线部分表示一个整体中的成员 )b. Five minutes is enough. ( 复数名词单数谓语动词，下划线部分表示一个数目)3.邻近原则，即指谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致。
a. A man of abilities are needed（.动词 are 不与主语 a man一致，而与其邻近的复形名词a bilities 形式上一致。
二、主谓一致注意要点：1.当名词词组中心词为表示度量、时间等复数名词时，往往可根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词采取单数形式。
a. The dollars is not enough.b. Three months passes in no time at all on the ranch.如果明显地指一个个个体，则要根据语法一致地原则，谓语动词用复数形式。
a. There are two sliver dollars in each of the stockings.2.如果名词词组中心词是all, most, half, the last, the rest, the remainder等词组时，其主谓关系一般遵循意义一致的原则：如所指为复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；如所指为单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。
高考语法填空抢分热点之主谓一致一、考点精讲1.动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
例如：Watching TV too much is （be）bad for your health。
（看电视太多对你的健康有害。
）2.动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，通常用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
例如：To learn English very well is necessary./It is necessary to learn English very well.（学好英语是必要的。
）3.主语从句作主语，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。
例如：What is well-known to us is that the Summer Palace is in China.（众所周知，颐和园在中国。
）4.不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单是形式。
例如：The bad news is incredible.（坏消息令人难以置信。
）5.主语后有with，along with，together with，as well as，rather than，but，except，in addition to 等短语时，谓语动词遵循就远原则，在人称和数上要与前面的主语保持一致。
例如：Mr. White，along with his friends，is playing football.（怀特先生和他的朋友们正在踢足球。
）6.由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则，常与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
例如：Neither I nor he has visited the Great Wall.（我和他都没有去过长城。
）二、高考题经典解读1.The publication of Great Expectations，which ______（be）both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened Dickens' status as a leading novelist.【答案】was【解析】考查主谓一致。
主谓一致在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。
近几来，高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在形式一致、承前一致以及就近一致三个方面。
一、使用复数谓语动词的情况1．由and, both…and…连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：Both the teacher and the students are working hard.但当and 连接的两个名词指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，且第二个名词前没有冠词等限定词时；另外，and连接的两个名词前有each，every等修饰语时，谓语动词用单数。
如：The knife and fork lies on the table.2．“the＋形容词或过去分词”指一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：The wounded were sent to the hospital at once.3．the people/cattle/police作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：After hearing the news, the people present were all crying.二、使用单数谓语动词的情况1．单数名词、不可数名词、不定代词，如something/somebody, everything/everybody, anything/anybody, nothing/nobody作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Anybody who breaks the law is to be punished.2．不定式、动名词、主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Looking after the baby is my job.3．科名词，以s结尾的单数名词，以s结尾的书名、报纸杂志名、地方、组织名称作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Physics is hard to study.4．单数名词＋with, along with，together with，as well as，rather than, as much as, but, except, besides, such as, like, including等作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。
高考英语语法主谓一致用法详解主谓一致是指：1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
例如：There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
例如：Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如：Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。
注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
例如：The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。
典型例题The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。
这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。
本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。
后面的职务用and 相连。
这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
主谓一致中的靠近原则1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
例如： There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。
高考英语复习语法专题精讲精练名词和主谓一致（含练习习题及解析）（一）分类（二）转换个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换物质名词与个体名词的相互转换可数名词有单数和复数的变化，而单复数的变化又分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。
名词考点聚焦名词是英语的主要词汇之一，也是历年高考的重要考点。
综合近几年高考对名词的考查，单项填空题中，每年都出现1—2道题。
此外，在阅读理解和完形填空中，名词的一词多义、熟词新意也经常涉及。
因此，在备考中一定要结合具体的语境去感悟、理解名词的辨析、名词的一词多义以及名词的习惯用法等。
①We always keep ______ spare paper, in case we ran out.A. too muchB. a number ofC. plenty ofD. a good many【解析】 答案为C 。
“paper”作为“纸”解释时为不可数名词，所以先排除B 和D 两个选项。
根据题意“我们总是准备充足的备用纸张，以防用光。
”选择答案C 。
too much 意为“太多”尽管修饰不可数名词，但用在这儿不符合题意。
②The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took ___ pictures of them.A. many ofB. masses ofC. the number ofD. a large amount of【解析】答案为B。
【解析】答案为masses of 意为“大量的”既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词；the number of…意为“……的数量”；a large amount of意为“大量的”后接不可数名词；“many of”后接前面带有定冠词的名词，意为“……中的许多”。
一是考查语义方面的辨析：主要考查某些多义词在特定上下文中的引申含义,以及准确辨别一些同义、近义词在特定语境中的差异的能力。
专题十九主谓一致重难点分析主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致，语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致，意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致，就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。
主语的人称和数决定谓语动词的数。
一、主谓一致原则一览表二、概念归纳1. 表时间、距离、金额、重量、数字等的复数名词作“整体”看时，谓语常用单数。
如：Two hours is quite enough. 两个小时足够了。
2. 以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来接的谓语动词的单复数。
①表学科的名词(physics等)、书报名(the Times等)、国名(the United States等)或组织名称(the United Nations等)及news作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
②单复数同形的名词，如means, works等作主语时，谓语动词的数根据具体情况而定。
如：Every means has been tried. 每种方法都试过了。
All means have been tried. 所有的方法都试过了。
③the Olympic Games作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
3. 集体名词作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数。
①people, police, cattle, youth等名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
②clothing, furniture, equipment等名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
③family, class, government等名词表示整体概念时谓语动词用单数，表单位成员时谓语动词用复数。
4. “a number of / a variety of+复数名词”、“the+形容词”指一类人时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of / the variety of+复数名词”、“the+形容词”作主语指抽象的事物时，谓语动词用单数。
如：The beautiful is loved by all. (表抽象的概念) 美的事物人人都爱。
5. 以and连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式；但名词前有each, every, no修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
如：Walking and riding are good exercises. 散步和骑车是很好的运动。
Each boy and each girl wants to have a holiday. 每个男孩与女孩都想要假期。
注意：当and连接的两个单数名词在意义上指的是同一人、物或概念时，谓语动词仍用单数。
如：The teacher and writer is popular with his students. 那位是作家兼老师，很受学生欢迎。
(指同一人)6. 动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语用单数。
但what引导的主语从句视后面的表语而定。
如：What we need is time. 我们需要的是时间。
What we need are books. 我们需要的是书籍。
7. 主语后接with, together with, including, combined with, along with, as well as, but, except, besides, like, rather than, in addition to等构成的介词短语时，谓语根据主语的单复数而定。
如：John, rather than his roommates, is to blame. 约翰，而不是他的室友，应该收到责备。
8. 在“one of+复数名词+who/that”引导的定语从句中的动词用复数；但当one之前有the only/very等修饰时，从句中的动词用单数。
如：This is one of the girls who were late for school this morning. 她是今天早上上课迟到的女孩之一。
This is the only one of the girls who was late for school this morning. 她是唯一一个今天早上上课迟到的女孩。
9. glasses, shoes, trousers等复数名词若其前有pair/kind/type/box of等量词修饰时，谓语根据量词的单复数而定。
如：A pair of shoes is under the bed. 床下有一双鞋。
10. 由“a lot of / lots of / plenty of / half of / the rest of / most of +名词/代词”或“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词视其所接的名词决定单复数。
如：Three fifths of the books are intended for the poor students. 五分之三的书是为贫困学生准备的。
The rest of the money belongs to you. 剩下的钱是你的。
11. 由or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接的名词或代词作主语及there be结构中，谓语动词与它靠近的主语保持一致。
如：Not only we but also the teacher likes watching the CBA basketball games. 不仅是我们，还有老师也喜欢看CBA篮球赛。
12. “不定代词(all指人除外)、many a +名词单数、more than one +名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
如：All has been finished. 所有的都完成了。
All are late for the meeting. 所有人开会都迟到了。
More than one person has made the suggestion. 不仅一个人提出了建议。
考点练透一、单句填空用be动词或所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. The United States of America ___________ one of the most developed countries in the world.2. Every means ___________ tried, but in vain.3. Not only my sister but also I ___________ good at painting. Both of us ___________ good painters.4. Going to bed early ___________ a good habit.5. I, who ___________ your teacher, will try my best to help you out.6. “All ___________ present and all ___________ going on well,” the chairman said.7. The old ___________ taken good care of in our country.8. An iron and steel works, with some other factories ___________ to be built here.9. The number of people invited ___________ fifty, but a number of them ___________ absent for different reasons yesterday.10. I as well as they ___________ ready to help you.11. What we need ___________ enough water, but what they need ___________ houses.12. Her family ___________ larger than mine and her family ___________ watching TV now.13. There ___________ a big table and six chairs in the dining room.14. The rest of food ___________ (leave) for the rest of the students who ___________ (have) gone to the library.15. We need one of the students who ___________ at the meeting.He is the only one of the students who ___________ (speak) English fluently.16. Many a student in our class ___________ pop music while many students in their class ___________ classic music. (like)17. Each of them ___________ Chinese food. They each ___________ Chinese food. (enjoy)18. The worker and writer referred to ___________ (go) to write a comedy.19. This kind of cartoons ___________ well in the bookstore while cartoons of that kind ___________ badly. (sell)20. No boy and no girl ___________ (prevent) by the heavy rain from taking part in the activity.二、语篇填空用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
My School LifeThe number of teachers and students in our school 1 (be) about 2,000 and two thirds of the students in my class 2 (be) girls. All 3 (be) going on well in my class and every boy and every girl 4 (be) ready to help others. Li Lin is the only one of my best friends who 5 (come) from Guangzhou, and the rest 6 (be) local people. Politics 7 (be) my favorite subject and listening to music 8 (be) what I often do in my spare time. Whether I can be admitted to university 9 (be) still unknown, but what I need to do now 10 (be) not wasting any time.三、语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
