商务英语之市场价格

商务英语词汇大全abroad adv. 在国外，出国，广泛流传absence n. 缺席，离开absent adj. 不在，不参与absenteeism n.（经常性）旷工，旷职absorb v. 吸收，减轻（困难等）作用或影响abstract n. 摘要access n. 接近（或进入）的机会，享用权v.获得使用计算机数据库的权利accommodation n.设施，住宿account n.会计账目accountancy n会计工作accountant n.会计accounts n.往来账目account for解释，说明account executive n.（广告公司）客户经理accruals n. 增值，应计achieve v. 获得或达到，实现，完成acknowledge v. 承认，告知已收到（某物），承认某人acquire v.获得，得到acquisition n收购，被收购的公司或股份acting adj. 代理的activity n.业务类型actual adj. 实在的，实际的，确实的adapt v. 修改，适应adjust v.整理，使适应administration 实施，经营，行政administer v.管理，实施adopt v. 采纳，批准，挑选某人作候选人advertise v. 公布，做广告ad n.做广告，登广告advertisement n.出公告，做广告advertising n.广告业after-sales service n.售后服务agenda n.议事日程agent n.代理人，经纪人allocate v.分配，配给amalgamation n合并，重组ambition n. 强烈的欲望，野心amortize v. 摊还analyze v 分析，研究analysis n.分析，分析结果的报告analyst n. 分析家，化验员annual adj.每年的，按年度计算的annual general meeting （AGM）股东年会anticipate v. 期望anticipated adj. 期待的appeal n.吸引力apply v. 申请，请求；应用，运用applicant n. 申请人application n.申请，施用，实施appointee n.被任命人appraisal n.估量，估价appreciate v. 赏识，体谅，增值appropriate v.拨出（款项）approve v. 赞成，同意，批准aptitude n.天资，才能arbitrage n.套arbitration n.仲裁arrears n. 欠账assemble v.收集，集合assembly line n. 装配线，流水作业线assess v. 评定，估价asset n. 资产current asset n.流动资产fixed asset n.固定资产frozen asset n. 冻结资产intangible assets n.无形资产liquid assets n.速动资产tangible assets n.有形资产assist v. 援助，协助，出席audit n. 查账，审计automate v. 使某事物自动操作average n.平均，平均水准awareness n. 意识；警觉backing n.财务支持，赞助backhander n. 贿赂backlog n. 积压（工作或订货）bad debt 死账（无法收回的欠款）balance n. 收支差额，余额balance of payments n. 贸易支付差额balance sheet n. 资产负债表bankrupt adj.破产的bankruptcy n.破产bank statement n. 银行结算清单（给帐户的），银行对账单bar chart n. 条形图，柱状图bargain v. 谈判，讲价base n. 基地，根据地batch n. 一批，一组，一群batch production批量生产文案大全bear market n.熊市beat v. 超过，胜过behave v. 表现，运转behavior n. 举止，行为，运转情况below-the-line advertising 线下广告，尚未被付款的广告benchmark 衡量标准benefit n. 利益，补助金，保险金得益fringe benefits附加福利Sickness benefit 疾病补助费bid n. 出价，投标takeover bid n. 盘进（一个公司）的出价bill n.账单，票据billboard n. （路边）广告牌，招贴板black adj.违法的in the black 有盈余，贷方black list黑名单，禁止贸易的（货物、公司及个人）名单black Monday n.黑色星期一，指1987年10月国际股票市场崩溃的日子blue chips蓝筹股，绩优股blue-collar adj.蓝领（工人）的Board of Directors n.董事会Bond n.债券Bonus n. 津贴，红利books公司账目book value n. 账面价值，（公司或股票）净值bookkeeper n. 簿记员，记账人boom n. 繁荣，暴涨boost v. 提高，增加，宣扬bottleneck n. 瓶颈，窄路，阻碍bottom adj. 最后的，根本的 v. 到达底部，建立基础bounce v. 支票因签发人无钱而遭拒付并退回brainstorm n./v.点子会议，献计策, 头脑风暴branch n. 分支，分部brand n. 商标，品牌brand leader n.占市场最大份额的品牌，名牌brand loyalty n.（消费者）对品牌的忠实break even v. 收支相抵，不亏不盈break even point 收支相抵点, 盈亏平衡点breakthrough n. 突破brief n. 摘要brochure n. 小册子broker n. 经纪人，代理人bull market 牛市budget n. 预算bulk n. 大量（货物）adj. 大量的bust adj. 破了产的buyout n. 买下全部产权CAD(=Computer Aided Design) 计算机辅助设计call n. 打电话call on v. 呼吁，约请，拜访campaign 战役，运动candidate n.求职者，候选人canteen n. 食堂canvass v. 征求意见，劝说capacity n. 生产额，（最大）产量caption n. 照片或图片下的简短说明capital n. 资本，资金capture v. 赢得cash n. 现金，现付款v. 兑现cash flow n. 现金流量case study n. 案例分析catalogue n. 目录，产品目录catastrophe n. 大灾难，大祸CEO=Chief Executive Officer（美）总经理chain n. 连锁店challenger n.挑战者channel n.(商品流通的)渠道charge n. 使承担，要（价），把…记入…chart n. 图表checkout n.付款台chief adj. 主要的，首席的，总的CIF, c.i.f.成本保险费加运费circular n.传阅的小册子（传单等）circulate v.传阅claim n./v.要求，索赔client n.委托人，顾客cold adj. 没人找上门来的，生意清淡的commercialize v.使商品化commission n.佣金commitment n.承诺commodity 商品，货物company n. 公司limited (liability) company 股份有限公司public limited company (plc) n.股票上市公司compensate v. 补偿，酬报compensation n补偿，酬金compete v.比赛，竞争competition n.比赛，竞争competitor n.竞争者，对手competitive adj.竞争性的文案大全component n. 机器元件、组件、部件，部分concentrated marketing n. 集中营销策略condition n.条件，状况configuration n.设备的结构、组合conflict n. 冲突，争论conglomerate n. 综合商社，多元化集团公司consolidate v. 账目合并consortium n.财团constant adj. 恒定的，不断的，经常的consultant n. 咨询人员，顾问，会诊医生consumables n.消耗品consumer durables n.耐用消费品(如：洗衣机) consumer goods n.消费品，生活资料contingency n. 意外事件continuum n.连续时间contract n. 合同，契约contractor n.承办商，承建人contribute v. 提供，捐献contribution n贡献，捐献，税conversion n. 改装，改造conveyor n. 运送，传递，转让core time n.（弹性工作制的）基本上班时间（员工于此段时间必须上班，弹性只对除此以外的时间有效）cost n. 成本 fixed costs固定成本running costs 日常管理费用variable costs可变成本cost-effective adj.合算的，有效益的costing n.成本计算，成本会计credit n.赊购，赊购制度credit control 赊销管理（检查顾客及时付款的体系）letter of credit信用证credit limit赊销限额credit rating 信贷的信用等级，信誉评价creditor n.债权人，贷方creditworthiness n.信贷价值，信贷信用crisis n.危机，转折点critical adj. 关键的*criticalpath analysis n. 关键途径分析法currency n.货币，流通current adj. 通用的，现行的Current account 往来账户，活期（存款）户current assets n.流动资产current liabilities n. 流动负债customize v. 按顾客的具体要求制造（或改造等）；顾客化cut-throat adj. 残酷的，激烈的cut-price a. 削价（出售）的CV(=curriculum vitae)n. 简历，履历cycle time n.循环时间damages n.损害，损失deadline n. 最后期限deal n. 营业协议，数量v. 交易dealer n. 商人debit n. 借方，欠的钱v.记入账户的借方debt n. 欠款，债务to get into debt 负债to be out of debt 不欠债to pay off a debt 还清债务debtor n.债务人aged debtors 长期债务人declare v.申报，声明decline n./v. 衰退，缓慢，下降decrease v. 减少deduct v.扣除，减去default n. 违约，未履行defect n. 缺陷defective adj.有缺点的defer v. 推迟deferred payments n. 延期支付deficit n. 赤字delivery cycle n.交货周期demand management n.需求规划decorticated adj. 消极的，冷谈的deposit n. 储蓄，预付（定金）depot n. 仓库depreciate v.贬值，（对资产）折旧depressing adj. 令人沮丧的deputy n. 代理人，副职，代理devalue v. 货币贬值（相对于其它货币）diet n. 饮食，食物，特种饮食differentiation n. 区分，鉴别dimensions n. 尺寸，面积，规模direct v管理，指导director n.经理，主管Managing Director n.总经理direct cost n. 直接成本direct mail n.（商店为招揽生意而向人们投寄的）直接邮件direct selling n.直销，直接销售directory n.指南，号码簿文案大全discount n.折扣，贴现dismiss v.让……离开，打发走dismissal n. 打发走dispatch n./v. 调遣display n./v. 展出，显示dispose v.安排，处理（事务）dispose of 去掉，清除distribution n分配，分发，分送产品diversify v.从事多种经营；多样化divest v.剥夺dividend n. 股息，红利，年息division n. 部门dog n. 滞销品down-market a./ad.低档商品的down-time/downtime n. 设备闲置期DP(=Data Processing) n. 计算机数据处理，计算机数据处理部门dramatic adj. 戏剧性的drive积极性，能动due adj. 应付的，预期的dynamic 有活力的earnings n. 工资,收入efficiency n. 效率endorse v.背书，接受engage v. 雇用entitle v. 授权entitlement n.应得的权利holiday entitlement n. 休假权equity n.股东权益equity capital股本equities 普通股，股estimated demand n.估计需求evaluate v. 估价，评价eventual adj.最终exaggerate v. 夸张exceed v. 超过exhibit n.展览，表现expenditure n花费，支出额expense n.费用，支出expense account n. 费用帐户expenses n.费用，业务津贴expertise n.专长，专门知识和技能exposure n.公众对某一产品或公司的知悉；广告所达到的观众总数facilities n.用于生产的设备、器材facilities layout n.设备的布局规划、计划facilities location n.设备安置factoring n.折价购买债券fail-safe system n.安全系统feasibility study n.可行性研究feedback n. 反馈，反馈的信息field n.办公室外边，具体业务file n. 文件集，卷宗，档案，文件v. 归档fill v. 充任finance n. 资金，财政v. 提供资金financial adj. 财政的financing n. 提供资金，筹借资金finished goods n. 制成品firm n. 公司fire v. 解雇fix v. 确定，使固定在fix up v. 解决，商妥fiscal adj. 国库的，财政的flagship n. 同类中最成功的商品，佼佼者flexible adj. 有弹性的，灵活的flextime n. 弹性工作时间制flier(=flyer) n. 促销传单float v. 发行股票flop n. 失败flow shop n. 车间fluctuate v. 波动，涨落，起伏FOB, f.o.b n. 离岸价follow-up n. 细节落实，接连要做的事forecast v. 预测four P's 指产品produce、价格price、地点place、促销promotionframework n. 框架，结构franchise n. 特许经销权v.特许经销franchisee n. 特许经营人franchiser n.授予特许经营权者fraud n. 欺骗freebie n.(非正式的）赠品，免费促销的商品freelance n.& adj. 自由职业者（的）funds n. 资金，基金futures n. 期货交易gap n. 缺口，空隙gearing n. 配称（即定息债务与股份资本之间的比率）gimmick n. 好主意，好点子goal n. 目标going adj. 进行的，运转中的going rate n. 产品的市场价格文案大全goods n. 货物，商品goodwill n. 声誉go public v. 首次公开发行股票grapple with v. 与……搏斗，尽力解决grievance n. 申诉，抱怨gross adj. 总的，毛的gross margin n. 毛利率gross profit n. 毛利gross yield n. 毛收益gradually adv. 逐渐地group n. （由若干公司联合而成的）集团grow v. 增长，扩大growth n. 增长，发展guarantee n. 保证，保单guidelines n. 指导方针，准则hand in v. 呈送hand in one's notice 递交辞呈handle v. 经营hands on adj. 有直接经验的hard sell n. 强行推销hazard n. 危险，危害行为head n. 主管，负责health and safety n. 健康和安全hedge n. 套期保值hidden adj. 隐藏的，不明显的hierarchy n. 等级制度，统治集团，领导层hire v. 雇用hire purchase n. 分期付款购物法hit v. 击中，到达holder n. 持有者holding company n. 控股公司hostile adj. 不友好的，恶意的HRD n. 人力资源发展部human resources n. 人力资源hype n. 天花乱坠的（夸张）广告宣传impact n. 冲击，强烈影响implement v. 实施，执行implication n 隐含意义incentive n. 刺激；鼓励income n. 工资或薪金收入，经营或投资的收入earned income 劳动收入，劳动所得unearned income 非劳动收入，投资所得increment v. 定期增加incur v 招致，承担indemnity n. 偿还，赔偿index n. 指数，索引retail price index 零售价格指数indirect costs n. 间接成本induction n. 就职industrial adj. 工业的industrial action n.（罢工、怠工等）劳工行动industrial relations n. 劳资关系inefficiency n. 低效率，不称职inflate v. 抬高（物价），使通货等）膨胀inflation n. 通货膨胀infringe v. 违法，违章initial adj. 初步的innovate v. 革新input n. 投入insolvent adj. 无清偿力的installment n. 部分，分期付款insure v. 给……保险，投保insurance n. 保险interest n. 利息，兴趣interest rate n. 利率interim n. 中期，过渡期间intermittent production n. 阶段性生产interview n./v. 面试interviewee n. 被面试的人interviewer n. 主持面试的人，招聘者introduce v. 介绍，提出inventory n. 库存buffer inventory 用于应付突发性需求的存货capacity inventory 用于将来某时使用的存货cycle inventory n. 循环盘存decoupling inventory保险性存货（以应付万一）finished goods inventory制成品存货（盘存）pipeline inventory n. 在途存货raw materials inventory n. 原材料存货work-in-progress inventory在制品盘存（存货）invest v. 投资investment n. 投资investor n. 投资者invoice n. 发票v. 给（某人）开发票irrevocable adj. 不可撤消的，不能改变的issue n. 发行股票rights issue n. 优先认股权IT=Information Technology 信息技术item n. 货物，条目，条款job n. 工作job description 工作说明，职务说明文案大全job lot n. 一次生产的部分或少数产品job mobility 工作流动job rotation 工作轮换job satisfaction 工作的满意感（自豪感）job shop n. 专门车间jobbing n. 为一次性的或小的订货需求而特设的生产制度joint adj. 联合的joint bank account（几人的）联合银行存款账户journal n. 专业杂志jurisdiction n. 管辖（权）junk bonds n. 低档（风险）债券，垃圾债券junk mail n.（未经收信人要求的）直接邮寄的广告宣传just-in-time n. 无库存制度key adj. 主要的，关键的knockdown adj. （价格）很低的know-how n. 专门技术label n. 标签，标牌v.加标签，加上标牌labor n. 劳动，工作，劳动力labor market 劳动力市场labor relations 劳资关系labor shortage 劳动力短缺launch v.推出一种新产品n. 新产品的推出lay-off/layoff n./v. 临时解雇layout n. 工厂的布局lead v. 领先，领导lead time n. 完成某项活动所需的时间leaflet n. 广告印刷传单lease n. 租借，租赁物legal adj. 合法的lend v. 出借，贷款lessee n. 承租人lesser n. 出租人ledger n. 分类帐nominal ledger n. 记名帐purchase ledger n. 进货sales ledger n. 销货帐leverage n. 杠杆比率liability n. 负债liabilities n. 债务license n. 许可证license v. 许可，批准life cycle n. 寿命周期likely adj. 可能的line process 流水线（组装）link n. 关系，联系，环liquid adj. 易转换成现款的liquidate v. 清算liquidity n. 拥有变现力liquidation n. 清理（关闭公司），清算liquidator n. 清算人，公司资产清理人listed adj. 登记注册的listing n. 上市公司名录literature n. （说明书类的）印刷品，宣传品litigate v. 提出诉讼loan n./v. 贷款，暂借logo n. 企业的特有标记lose v. 亏损loser n. 失败者loss n. 损失lot n. 批，量loyalty n. 忠诚，忠实magazine n. 杂志，期刊mail shot n. 邮购maintain v. 维持，保持maintenance n. 维持，坚持major adj. 重大的，主要的，较大的majority shareholding 绝对控股make n. 产品的牌子或型号make-to-order adj. 根据订货而生产的产品make-to-stock adj. 指那些在未收到订货时就已生产了的产品management n. 管理，管理部门middle management n. 中层管理人员senior management n. 高层管理人员managerial adj. 管理人员的，管理方面的manager n. 经理plant manager n. 工厂负责人line manager n. 基层负责人staff manager n. 部门经理助理management accounts n. 管理帐目matrix management n. 矩阵管理management information system(MIS) n. 管理信息系统manning n. 人员配备manpower n. 劳动力manpower resources n. 劳动力资源manual adj. 体力的，人工的，蓝领的manufacture v. （用机器）制造manufacturer n. 制造者（厂、商、公司）manufacturing adj. 制造的文案大全manufacturing industry 制造业margin n. 利润gross margin n. 毛利率net margin n. 净利润mark-up v. 标高售价，加价market n. 市场；产品可能的销量down market adv./ adj. 低档商品地/的up market adj./adv. 高档商品的/地marketing mix n. 综合营销策略，指定价、促销、产品等策略的配合market leader n. 市场上的主导公司market niche n. 小摊位，专业市场的一个小部分market penetration n. 市场渗入market segmentation 市场划分market share n. 市场占有率，市场份额mass-marketing n. 大众营销术master production schedule n.主要生产计划material requirements planning(MRP) n.计算生产中所需材料的方法materials handling n. 材料管理，材料控制maximize v. 使增至最大限度、最大化measure n. 措施，步骤media n. 新闻工具，传媒mass media 大众传媒（如电视、广播、报纸等）merchandising n. （在商店中）通过对商品的摆放与促销进行经营merge v. 联合，合并merger n. （公司，企业等的）合并merit n. 优点，值得，应受method study n. 方法研究middleman n. 中间人，经纪人full milk n. 全脂牛奶skimmed milk n. 脱脂乳minimize v. 使减至最小限度，最小化mission n. 公司的长期目标和原则mobility n. 流动性，可移性moderately adv. 中等地，适度地monopoly n. 垄断，独占mortgage n./v. 抵押motivate v. 激励，激发……的积极性motivated adj. 有积极性的motivation n. 提供动机，积极性，动力motive n. 动机negotiate v. 谈判negotiable adj. 可谈判的，可转让的net adj. 净的，纯的network n. 网络niche n. 专业市场中的小摊位notice n. 通知，辞职申请，离职通知objective n. 目标，目的obsolete adj. 过时的，淘汰的，废弃的offer n. 报价，发盘offer v. 开价off-season adj./adv. 淡季的off-the-shelf adj. 非专门设计的off-the-peg adj. 标准的，非顾客化的opening n. 空位operate v. 操作，经营，管理operating profits营业利润operations chart n.经营（管理）表operations scheduling n. 生产经营进度表opportunity n. 机会optimize v. 优化option n. 选择权share option n. 期权organigram n. 组织图organization chart n. 公司组织机构图orient v. 定向，指引orientation n. 倾向，方向；熟悉，介绍情况outcome n. 结果outlay n. 开销，支出，费用outlet n. 商店a retail outlet 零售店outgoings n. 开支，开销outlined adj. 概括，勾勒的草图output n. 产量outsource v. 外购产品或由外单位制做产品outstanding adj. 未付款的，应收的over-demand n. 求过于供overdraft n. 透支overdraft facility 透支限额overdraw v. 透支overhead costs n. 营业成本overheads n. 企业一般管理费用overpay n. 多付（款）overtime n. 加班overview n. 概述，概观owe v. 欠钱，应付p.a.(=per annum) n. 每年packaging n. 包装物；包装parent company n. 母公司，总公司part-time adj. 部分时间工作的，业余的文案大全participate v. 参加，分享 (in)partnership n. 合伙（关系），合伙，合伙企业patent n. 专利pay n. 工资，酬金v. 付钱，付报酬take-home pay 实得工资payroll n. 雇员名单，工资表peak n. 峰值，顶点penetrate v. 渗透，打入（市场）penetration n. 目标市场的占有份额pension n. 养老金，退休金perform v. 表现，执行performance n. 进行，表现工作情况performance appraisal n. 工作情况评估perk n. 额外待遇（交通、保健、保险等）personnel n. 员工，人员petty cash n. 零用现金phase out n. 分阶段停止使用pick v. 提取生产用零部件或给顾客发货picking list n. 用于择取生产或运输订货的表格pie chart n. 饼形图pilot n. 小规模试验pipeline n. 管道，渠道plant capacity n. 生产规模，生产能力plot v. 标绘，策划plough back n. 将获利进行再投资point of sale (POS) n. 销售点policy n. 政策，规定, 保险单portfolio n. （投资）组合portfolio management n. 组合证券管理post n. 邮件，邮局；职位position n. 职位potential n. 潜在力，潜势power n. 能力purchasing power 购买力PR=Public Relations 公共关系preference shares n. 优先股price n. 价格market price 市场价，市价retail price 零售价probation n. 试用期product n. 产品production cycle n. 生产周期production schedule n. 生产计划product life cycle n. 产品生命周期product mix n.产品组合（种类和数量的组合）productive adj. 生产的，多产的profile n. 简介形象特征profit n. 利润operating profit n. 营业利润profit and loss account n. 损益账户project v. 预测promote v . 推销promotion n. 提升，升级proposal n. 建议，计划prospect n. 预期，展望prospectus n. 计划书，说明书prosperity n. 繁荣，兴隆prototype n. 原型，样品publicity n. 引起公众注意public adj. 公众的，公开的go public 上市public sector 公有企业publicity n. 公开场合，名声，宣传publics n.公众，（有共同兴趣的）人或社会人士punctual adj. 准时的punctuality n. 准时purchase v. & n. 购买purchaser n. 买主，采购人QC(=Quality Circle) n. 质检人员qualify v. 有资格，胜任qualified adj. 有资格的，胜任的，合格的qualification n. 资格，资格证明quality n. 质量quality assurance n. 质量保证quality control 质量控制，质量管理quarterly adj./adv. 季度的，按季度questionnaire n. 调查表，问卷quote n. 报价，股票牌价quotation n. 报价，股票牌价Ｒ＆ＤResearch and Development 研究与开发radically adv. 根本地，彻底地raise n.（美）增薪v.增加，提高；提出，引起range n. 系列产品rank n./v. 排名rapport n. 密切的关系，轻松愉快的气氛rate n. 比率，费用fixed rate 固定费用，固定汇率going rate 现行利率，现行汇率rating 评定结果ratio n. 比率rationalize v. 使更有效，使更合理raw adj. 原料状态的，未加工的文案大全raw material n. 原材料receive v. 得到receipt n. 收据receiver n. 接管人，清算人accounts receivable 应收帐receivership n. 破产管理recession n. 萧条reckon v. 估算，认为recognize v. 承认reconcile v. 使……相吻合，核对，调和recoup v. 扣除，赔偿recover v. 重新获得，恢复recovery n. 重获，恢复recruit v. 招聘，征募n. 新招收的人员recruitment n. 新成员的吸收red n. 红色in the red 赤字，负债reduce v. 减少reduction n. 减少redundant adj. 过多的，被解雇的redundancy n. 裁员，解雇reference n. 参考，参考资料reference number (Ref. No.) 产品的参考号码refund n./v. 归还，偿还region n. 地区reimburse v. 偿还，报销reject n./v. 拒绝reliability n. 可靠性relief n. 减轻，解除，救济relocate v. 调动，重新安置remuneration n. 酬报，酬金rent v. 租 n. 租金rep （代表）的缩写report to v. 低于（某人），隶属，从属reposition v. (为商品)重新定位represent v. 代表，代理representative n. 代理人，代表reputation n. 名声，声望reputable adj. 名声/名誉好的reserves n. 储量金，准备金resign v. 放弃，辞去resignation n. 辞职resistance n. 阻力，抵触情绪respond v. 回答，答复response n. 回答，答复restore v. 恢复result/results n. 结果，效果retail n./v. 零售retailer n. 零售商retained earnings n. 留存收益retire v. 退休retirement n. 退休return n. 投资报酬return on investment (ROI) n. 投资收入，投资报酬revenue n. 岁入，税收review v./n. 检查reward n./v. 报答，报酬，奖赏rework v. （因劣质而）重作risk capital n. 风险资本rival n. 竞争者，对手adj.竞争的rocket v. 急速上升，直线上升，飞升ROI Return on Investment 投资利润roughly adv. 粗略地round adj. 整数表示的，大约round trip 往返的行程royalty n. 特许权，专利权税run v. 管理，经营running adj. 运转的sack v. 解雇sales force 销售人员sample n. 样品v. 试验；抽样检验saturation n. （市场的）饱和（状态）saturate v. 饱和save v. 节省，储蓄savings n. 存款scale n. 刻度，层次scapegoat n. 替罪羊scare adj. 缺乏的，不足的scrap n. 废料或废品seasonal adj. 季节性的section n. 部门 sector n. 部门securities n. 债券及有价证券segment n. 部分v. 将市场划分成不同的部分segmentation n. 将市场划分成不同的部门semi-skilled adj. 半熟练的settle v. 解决，决定settlement n. 解决，清偿，支付service n. 服务，帮佣services n. 专业服务settle v. 安排，支付set up v. 创立文案大全share n. 股份shareholder n. 股东shelf-life n. 货架期（商品可以陈列在货架上的时间shift n. 轮班showroom n. 陈列室simulation n. 模拟shop n. 商店closed shop 限制行业（只允许本工会会员）open shop 开放行业（非会员可从事的工作）shop steward 工会管事shop floor 生产场所shortlist n.供最后选择的候选人名单v. 把……列入最后的候选人名单sick leave 病假sick note 病假条sick pay 病假工资skilled employee n. 熟练工人skimming n. 高额定价，撇奶油式定价slogan n. 销售口号slump n. 暴跌a slump in sales 销售暴跌soft-sell n.劝诱销售（术），软销售（手段）software n. 软件sole adj. 仅有的，单独的sole distributor 独家分销商solvent adj. 有偿付能力的sourcing n. 得到供货spare part n. 零部件specification n. 产品说明split v. 分离spokesman n. 发言人sponsor n. 赞助者（为了商品的广告宣传）spread n. （股票买价和卖价的）差额stable adj. 稳定的staff n. 职员stag n. 投机认股者v. 炒买炒卖stagnant adj. 停滞的，萧条的statute n. 成文法statutory adj. 法定的steadily adv. 稳定地，平稳地stock n. 库存，股票stock exchange n. 证券交易所stockbroker n. 股票经纪人stock controller 库房管理者storage n. 贮藏，库存量strategy n. 战略streamline v. 精简机构，提高效率stress n. 压力，紧迫strike n. 罢工structure n. 结构，设备subcontract v. 分包（工程项目），转包subordinate n. 下级adj.下级的subscribe v. 认购subsidiary n. 子公司subsidize v. 补贴，资助subsidy n. 补助金substantially adv. 大量地，大幅度地summarize v. 概括，总结superior n. 上级，长官supervisor n. 监督人，管理人supervisory adj. 监督的，管理的supply n./v. 供给，提供survey n 调查SWOT analysis n. SWOT分析是分析一个公司或一个项目的优点、弱点、机会和风险synergy n. 协作tactic n. 战术，兵法tailor v. 特制产品tailor made products 特制产品take on 雇用takeover n. 接管target n. 目标v. 把……作为目标tariff n. 关税；价目表task n. 任务，工作task force n. 突击队，攻关小队（为完成某项任务而在一起的一组人）tax n. 税，税金capital gains tax n. 资本收益税corporation tax n. 公司税，法人税income tax n. 所得税value added tax 增值税tax allowance 免减税tax avoidance 避税taxable 可征税的taxation 征税tax-deductible 在计算所得税时予以扣除的telesales n. 电话销售，电话售货temporary adj. 暂时的temporary post 临时职位tender n./v. 投标文案大全territory n. （销售）区域tie n. 关系，联系throughput n. 工厂的总产量TQC(=Total Quality Control) n.全面质量管理track record n. 追踪记录，业绩trade n./v. 商业，生意；交易，经商balance of trade 贸易平衡trading profit 贸易利润insider trading 内部交易trade mark 商标trade union 工会trainee n. 受培训者transaction n. 交易，业务transfer n./v. 传输，转让transformation n. 加工transparency n. (投影用)透明胶片treasurer n. 司库，掌管财务的人treasury n. 国库，财政部trend n. 趋势，时尚trouble-shooting n. 解决问题turnover n. 营业额，员工流动的比率staff turnover 人员换手率stock turnover 股票换手率undertake v.从事、同意做某事undifferentiated marketing n. 无差异性营销策略uneconomical adj. 不经济的，浪费unemployment n. 失业unemployment benefit n.失业津贴unit n. 单位unit cost n. 单位成本update v. 使现代化up to date adj./adv.流行的，现行的，时髦的upgrade v. 升级，增加upturn n. 使向上，使朝上USP 唯一的销售计划vacancy n. 空缺vacant adj. 空缺的value n./v. 价值，估价valuation n. 价值value-added n. 增加值variable n. 可变物variation n. 变化，变更variety n. 多样化a variety of 多种多样的vary v. 改变，修改VAT Value Added Tax 增值税vendor n. 卖主（公司或个人）venture n. 冒险，投机venue n. 地点，集合地点viable adj. 可行的viability n. 可行性vision n. 设想，公司的长期目标vocation n. 行业，职业vocational adj. 行业的，职业的wage n. （周）工资wage freeze n. 工资冻结warehouse n. 仓库，货栈wealth n. 财富，资源wealthy adj. 富裕的，丰富的welfare n. 福利white-collar 白领阶层white goods n. 如洗衣机等用在厨房中的产品wholesale n./adj./adv. 批发wholesaler 批发商wind up v. 关闭公司withdraw v. 拿走，收回，退出withdrawal n. 拿走，收回，退出wholesale n./a. 批发；批发的wholesaler n. 批发商work n. 工作working conditions n. 工作条件work-in-progress n. 工作过程workload n. 工作量work order n. （包括原料、半成品、成品的）全部存货总量文案大全work station 工作位置working capital n. 营运资本，营运资金write off v. 取消write-off n. 债务的取消yield n. 有效产量zero defect n. 合格产品zero inventory n. 零存货文案大全。

商务英语口语：价格谈判,回复还盘的英语商务英语口语：价格谈判，回复还盘的英语1. We hope you will consider our counter-offer most favorably and tell us your decision at your earliest convenience.我方希望你方能考虑我们的还盘，给出一个最优惠的价格，并在方便的时候，尽早告诉我们你们的决定。

2. We wish you will consider you price and give a new bid, so that there can be a possibility for us to meet halfway.希望你们能重新考虑你们的价格，报出一个新的价格，这样我们双方才有可能各让半步。

3. To accept the prices you quote would leave us with only a small profit on our sales because the principal demand in or city is for articles in the medium price range.接受你们报价的话，留给我们的利润就不多了，因为我方市场对商品的主要需求是中等价格范围内的货物。

4. Your competitors are offering considerably lower prices and unless you can reduce your quotations, we shall have to buy elsewhere.你们的竞争对手所报的价格要低得多，除非贵方降低报价，否则我们就从其它地方购货。

5. To accept your present quotation would mean a heavy loss to us, not to speak of profit.如接受你方现报价格，对我方来说是一个重大损失，更不要说利润了。

有关价格谈判的商务英语引导语：怎样用英语去谈判价格呢，下面是的有关价格谈判的商务英语，欢迎参考!1.Please make a discount of 5% off the prices in the catalog.请给我们目录上价格5%的折扣2.We hope that you will make a at least 5% reduction on your quotation or business is not possible.我们希望你们报价至少降低5%，否那么生意将无法进展3.We can aept the goods only at a reduction of 20% at the contract price.我们能承受产品合同价格降低的20%价格4.If you can lower your limit by 5% , business is hopeful.假设你们能够降价5%，生意还是有希望的5.We will place our order with you if you can lower your price to 1200 pounds per MT.假设价格低于每公吨1200磅，我们将向你下订单6.All your quotations are on FOB Vancouver basis may I ask if you allow any discount?你所有的报价为FOB Vancouver，我想问的是能否有点折扣7.Isn’t it possible to give us a little more discount?能否多给我们一些折扣8.If you are prepare to give me some allowance I will consider placing an order for 10,000 dozens.如果你准备给我们一点优惠的话，我将会下10，000打的订单9.Should you be prepare to reduce your price we might e to terms.你会降些价吗，这样我们将会成交10.If I show you a offer lower than yours ,would you be able to conclude transaction at that price ?如果我让你看一下比你更低的报价，你能终止那个价格交易吗11.If the order is a substantial one how much would youe down?如果这个订单是个实盘的话，你能降多少12.May we suggest that you make some allowance on your quoted prices ?我们可以建议你能在报价上做些折扣吗13.If we place an order for 2,000 dozen up can you give us a special discount?如果我们下2，000打的订单，你能给我们一个特别的折扣吗14.If our order is more than 10,000 MT would you give us a additional 6% mission ?如果我们的订单超过10，000公吨，你能否给我们一个6%的额外佣金15.We’ld like to ask for reduction in price because of the large size of our order.我们要求降价，因为我们的订单很大16.Since the present market is so weak, you have to lower your price if you want us to increase sales.既然目前的市场这么疲软，如果让我们增加销售量的话，你必须降价17.We hope to get your best offer for bicycles.我们希望能获得关于自行车的最正确报价18.We invite quotation of the lowest price.我们希望获得最低价格的报价19.May we suggest that you perhaps make some allowance on your quoted prices?我们可以建议你们能在报格上打个折扣吗20.If you reduce the price by 2% I think we can do twenty metric tons.如果你能降价2%，我们可订20公吨21.If possible we’d like to ask for reduction of5,000.50 Per MT.如果可能的话，我们要求第公吨降5,000.5022.If you are will to give me a 5% reduction I will order 5,000 dozens.如果你能降5%，我们将订5,000打23.The sugar of French-made has been sold at level98$ per long ton ,if you can reduce your limit by say 8% we might e to terms.法国产的粮已经卖到每长吨98美金，如果你能降价8%，我们可能会成交24.We would very much like to place further order with you if you could bring down your price by 15% ,otherwise we can only switch our requirement to other suppliers.如果你能降价15% ，我们将非常希望能向你下长期的订单，否那么我们只有转向其它供应商25.No one can do business at such a unreasonably high prices, you have to cut them down by 10% I am afraid.这么不合理的高价没有人能够做生意，恐怕你要降价10%26.We should book a trial order with you provided you will give us 5% mission.如果你能给我5%佣金的话，我们可以先下个试单27.Only by cutting the price by more than 10% can more customers be lured to your products.只有降价10%以上顾客才能被诱导购置你们的产品28.We would like to ask for 10% off your offer if our offer is more than 2,500 unit per season.如果我们的订单每季超过2,500单位，我们要求降价10%29.We hope that you will give us a special discount of 2% if we order more than10,000 sets.如果订单超过10,000套，我们希望你能给我们特别的2%折扣30.We hope you will allowance us some discount on our purchase of 6,000 dozens.我们希望我们购置6，000打时能给我们一些折扣。

外贸实用手册--商务英语书信大全（B1-B14）B1、报实价This is to confirm uour telex of 6 April1997,asking us to make you firm offers for rice and soybeans C&f singapore.We telexed you this morning offering you 300 metric tons of一步polished rice at A$2,400 per metric ton ,c&f singapore,for shipment during July/August 1997.This offer isfirm,subject to the receipt of your reply before 1 June 1997.Please note that we have quoted our most favourable price and are unable to entertain any counter offer.With regard to soybeans,we advise you that the few lots we have at present are under offerelsewheri.If,however,you were to make us a suitable offer,there is a possibility of our supplying them.As you know,of late,it has been a heavy demand for these commodities and this has resulted in increased prices. You may,however,take advantage of the strengthening market if you send an immediate reply.1997年4月6日有关查询大米和大豆新加坡到岸价的电传已收悉。

商务英语价格谈判商谈价格是买卖之间很重要的一环。

商品的价值往往同商品的本质关系密切。

当要强调出口商品的品质以使交易到达理想的价格时。

我们可以说：This one is very good for 10 US dollars.(这东西绝对值10美元。

)或These are slightly higher in price, but their superior quality makes them more valuable than the less expensive ones.(这些货价稍微高了一点，但其优异的品质，使它们比那些廉价的货，更有价值。

) 在谈到商品价格廉价时，买方切忌使用cheap这个词，因为在西方人看来，它意味着商品是由廉价劳工(cheap labor)制造出来的廉价商品。

应尽量使用reasonable这个形容词。

如：The price is quite reasonable.(这价格相当合理。

)讨价还价的结果是双方做出的让步。

在最后让步时可说："The best promise we can make is ..."(我们能做出的最大让步是...)或者"This is the lowest possible price."(这已是最低价格。

)，然后坚决不移，否那么，如果让步太过分，就可能造成卖方的损失。

1.Let's get down to business, shall we? 让我们开始谈生意好吗?2.I'd like to tell you what I think about that. 我想告诉你我的一些想法。

3.Are those prices FOB or CIF?这些价格是船上交货价还是运费及费在内价? 4.Are these prices wholesale or retail? 这些价格是批发价还是零售价?5.That's too high. 价钱太高了。

第一章：第二章：1、商品交换与贸易：exchange or terms into English 1、独资企业sole proprietorship2、世界经济舞台the world economic scene 2、普通合伙企业general partnership3、国外直接投资foreign direct investment 3、法人legal person4、多国企业multinational enterprises 4、合股公司joint-stock company5、商业或投资银行commercial and investment banking 5、董事会board of directors6、有价证券投资portfolio investments 6、国有公司public corporation7、金融风险financial risk 7、资本摊缴capital contribution8、法律文件 a legal document 8、多数股权controlling interest9、支付差额balance-of-payments 9、优先股股东权preferred stockholders10、有效经营effective operation or operate effectively 10、公司章程articles of incorporation第三章：第四章：1、最终消费者ultimate consumer 1、总体运行overall operation2、增值价值value added 2、宏观经济学macroeconomics3、批发商merchant wholesaler 3、微观经济学microeconomics4、产品花色品种product assortment 4、通货膨胀inflation5、地方效用place utility 5、扩张性的货币政策an expansionary monetary policy6、邮售mail-order selling 6、紧缩性的货币政策an restrictive monetary policy7、专业商店specialty store 7 、货币流通currency circulation or circulation of money8、现金流量cash flow 8、货币投放量the size of money supply9、存货控制inventory control 9、经济萧条stagnant economy or economy depression10、市场分区market segment 10、均衡数量equilibrium quantity第六章：第五章：1、市场经济market economy 1、私营企业制度private enterprise system2、计划经济planned economy 2、垄断性竞争monopolistic competition3、股市stock market 3、垄断monopoly4经济力economic market 4、供求规律the law of supply and demand5、供给力supply force 5、市场价格market price6、需求力demand force 6、零售商店retail store7、经济体系economic system 7、公用事业public utility8、市场价格market price 8、寡头垄断oligopoly9、购买力buying power 第七章10、供求均衡the equilibrium of supply and demand 1、商品交易会commodity fair11、供给量quality supply 2、银行资信证明bank reference12、价格体系price system 3、商会chamber of comer 4、4、大使馆的参赞counselor 5、信用调查所credit agency6、不可抗力force majeure7、胁迫、束缚duress8、磋商、议付negotiation 9、租船、订船chartering10、海关放行，结关customs clearance 11、保险单、保单insurance policy。

价格英语表达之一：形容词(名词)+名词reasonable price（合理的价格）moderate/fair price（公平价格）a good price（好价格）attractive price（诱人的价格）favorable price（优惠价）competitive price（竞争价格）high price（高价）list price（价目单定价）low price（低价）highest price（最高价）lowest price（最低价）rock-bottom price（最低价）retail/tag price（零售价）fixed price（固定价格）a nominal price（名义价、虚价）a reduced price（折扣价）wholesale price（批发价）import price（进口价）export price（出口价）market price（市场价）home market price（国内市场价）international market price（国际市场价）价格英文表达之二：动词+名词bring down/lower/reduce prices（降价）cut/ slash prices（削价）charge a high price（索高价）raise prices（提价）offer a price（出价）readjust prices（重新调价）stabilize prices（稳定物价）set/fix a price（定出价格）英文价格的说法之三：名词+动词Prices drop/fall/decline/go down.（物价下跌）Prices jump up/rise/shoot up/go up.（物价上涨）Prices remain stable.（物价稳定）Prices fluctuate.（物价波动）另外，在具体生活中, 价格的表达方式很多，需灵活使用。

individual proprietorship 个体经营partnership 合伙企业corporation 公司企业unlimited liability 无限责任limited liability 有限责任Home office 公司总部Business activities 经济活动operating activities 经营活动business house 商行；商号financial activities 筹资活动capital stock 股本trade association 贸易协会creditor 债权人to trade in 经营某商品business scope / frame 经营范围trading firm / house 贸易行，商行to do business in a moderate way 做生意稳重commercial channels 商业渠道commercial transaction 买卖，交易manufacturer 制造商，制造厂middleman 中间商，经纪人dealer 经销商wholesaler 批发商retailer 零售商tradesman 零售商merchant 商人（英）批发商，（美）零售商concessionaire, licensed dealer 授让人，特许权获得者stocks 存货，库存量bulk sale 整批销售，趸售wholesale 批发retail trade 零售业cash sale 现货hire – purchase 分期付款购买(美作：installment plan) registered trademark 注册商标registered office, head office 总公司，总店，总部public ownership 公有制private ownership 私有制foreign – funded enterprise 外资企业joint venture 合资企业cooperative enterprise 合作企业wholly foreign owned / funded enterprise 外资企业common ground 共同点adjustment and compromise调整和妥协common interest 共同利益advantageous contract 有利的合同bargaining range 谈判范围concede ground 让步，屈服bargaining strength 谈判实力concession trading 让步贸易bargaining 讨价还价conflicting interests利益冲突basic interests基本利益conflicting objectives冲突的目标behavioral norms 行为规范core outcomes 核心结果bottom line 谈判底线defensive - offensive posture 防守—进攻立场breakdown in negotiation 谈判破裂collective well - being 集体利益difficult decisions 决策困难dogmatic negotiator 独断的谈判者negotiation sketch 谈判简图equitable agreement 公平合理的协议negotiation skills 谈判技巧exaggerated positions 言过其实的的立场on the routine basis 在惯例的基础上expected benefits 期待的谈判结果one-off business 一锤子买卖face-to-face negotiation 面对面谈判opening position 初步价位factual information 实际信息optimal timing 最佳时机fail to reach any agreement 无法达成协议optimize the interests使利益最优化pull tricks 耍花招failure of negotiation 谈判失败renounce a negotiation 放弃谈判favorable outcomes 利好结果reservation price 保留价格give-and-take 给予和索取room for maneuver 周旋的余地good joint outcome 互惠的共同结果rough style 激烈的谈判风格scheduling of concessions 让步进程information loophole 信息空缺settle differences 解决分歧sham position 虚假立场signal firmness 表现出坚定立场knock-down fight 强力反击stakes 投资资金leverage 手段，优势straight compromise 彻底妥协mange concessions 掌握让步的分寸strategic activity 策略活动strategic ploy 战略手段margins of maneuver 机动空间strategy formulation 策略构想marked disadvantage 明显的劣势stumbling block 绊脚石maximize the interests 使利益最大化successful implementation 成功实施tactical moves 谈判技巧minimum level of acceptance 最底的接受底线terms and conditions 条款和条件negotiation processes 谈判过程access to power 利用权力choice assignments 选择权的分配achieve recognition 得到公认continual compliance 一味迁就acquire power 获取权力courage under fire 应对责难的勇气analytical ability 分析能力create opportunities 创造机会breed resistance 导致怨恨critical task 重要任务breed resistance 导致反抗decisional role 决策作用build reputation 树立威信delegate responsibilities 授权build trusting relationships 建立依赖关系direct intervention 直接干预eliminate the bottleneck 消除瓶颈问题chaotic situation 混乱局面enhance the power 增强权力norm of reciprocity 互利互惠的规范exert influence 施加影响exert information 提取信息office layout 办公室布局follow directions 遵从指示organizational capacity 组织目标formal influence 正式影响organizational principle 组织原则gain power 获得权力organizational structure 组织结构give recommendation 提供建议organizationally ambitious 对组织工作有远大抱负的good judgment 正确的判断organization’s ends 组织目标higher-up 上级personal attractiveness 个人魅力holder of an office 公职人员power acquisition 赢得权力individual goal 个人目标power seeker 权力的追求者induce cooperation 促使合作pressing deskwork 紧迫的案头工作informal influence 非正式影响promote visibility 提高显著程度informational function 信息功能public speaking skills 演讲技能interactions 相互交流relevance of the work 工作的实用性interpersonal activities 交际活动leader power 领导权力sense of timing 选择时机的意识leadership arts 领导艺术serve on committee 在委员会任职leadership position 领导职位sheer willingness 完全积极主动leadership responsibility 领导责任show one’s stuff 展现自我leadership science 领导科学sincere interest 真诚的兴趣legitimate reason 正当理由sneaky tactics 卑鄙的手段low-power position 低等的权利职务subgroup goal 子群体目标subordinate 下属make a good impression 留下好印象technical decision-making 技术决策technical expertise 专业技术managerial job 管理工作managerial skills 管理技能workers’ grievnances 工人的抱怨net influence 净影响account holder 开户人account number 账号automatic teller machine 自动取款机average rate of interest 平均利率balance 余额bank depositor 银行储户bank teller 银行出纳员banking regulations 银行管理制度bounce burglar alarm 被银行退票cancelled check 防盗警报certificate of deposit 已注销的支票checking account 存单close an account 结清账户demand account 活期账户demand deposit 活期存款deposit inducement 吸纳存款deposit interest 银行利息depositor 存款人deposit 存款overdrawn 透支的paid check 已付支票passbook saving 存折储蓄payee 收款人petty current deposit 小额活期存款predetermined maturity 预先规定的到期日rate limit 利率限制receiving teller 收款员record keeping 记账saver 储户saving account 储蓄账户saving deposit 储蓄存款savings bank 储蓄银行service charge 服务费source of funding 资金来源statement 结算清单early withdrawal 提前取款effective overall cost 实际总成本explicit interest 现付利息fixed maturity 规定到期日fixed rate 固定利率flexible maturity 灵活到期日insufficient funds 资金不足interest penalty 罚息interest – bearing deposit 计息liquidity reserves 流动性储备资金make additions 增加存款make withdrawals 提款maturity 到期日negotiable certificates of deposit 可转让存单negotiable instrument 流通票据negotiable order of withdrawal accounts 可转让提款单账户nonnegotiable 不能转让的note circulation 钞票流通open an account 开户头a order of withdrawal 提款命令out of business 破产outstanding check 未竞现支票overdrawn account 透支账户stop payment order 止付令stopping payment on a check 停付支票terminate the account 结束账户time deposit 定期存款trustworthy 可依赖的uniformed guard 便衣保安unobstructed counter 没有障碍的护栏variable – rate 浮动利率vaults 保管库volume of deposits 存款量withdrawal application 提款申请withdrawal order 提款命令，支取单withdrawal receipt 提款收据withdrawal 取款working balance 往来余额accounting 会计、会计学financial transactions 金融交易financial statements 财务报表public accountant 公共会计师、会计师certified public accountant 执业会计师Accepted Accounting Principles 公认会计原则audit 审计statement 报表periodic statements 定期报表balance sheet 资产负债表income statement 收益表、损益表asset accounts 资产账户current assets 流动资产revenue 收入、收益expenses 支出、开支net income 净利润operating income 营业收入interest expense 利息支出income before tax 税前收入gross profit 毛利depreciation 折旧accumulated depreciation 累计折旧owner’s equity 业主权益、业主产权bad debt 坏账备抵savings and loans 储蓄与放款、信用合作社brokerage firms 经纪人事务所control operations 控制经营活动cost – effectiveness balance 成本效益平衡原则creditor 债权人net profit margin 纯利润率notes payable 应付票据posting 过账solvency 偿付能力working capital 运营资本、流动资本informed decisions 精明的决策internal control 内部控制原则account payable 应付账款accounts receivable 应收账款accumulated deficit 累计亏损absentee ballot 缺席投票balance sheet 资产负债表better returns 更好的回报broker 股票经纪人business prospects 业务展望buy a call 买进期权call price 股票购进价格chart 走势图common stock 普通股company effect 公司的影响core businesses 核心行业current price of gold 黄金现价current share price 股票现价dividend 股息dominant factor 决定因素draw lines to find resistance 找阻力线draw lines to find support 找支持势线draw lines to find trends 画走势线earnings outlook 盈利潜能earnings per share 第股盈利earnings trend 赢利趋势economic uncertainty 经济不稳定exercise price 认购价exercise the option 行使有关期权external factor 外在因素financial ratios 财务比率financial strength 财务实力forward contract 远期合同fundamental analysis 基本面分析fundamental of the company 公司的基本面future price movement 未来股价走势futures contract 期货合同hire-purchase company 租赁信托公司historical records 历史记录income statement 损益表stock return 股票回报stock trading 股票交易strong economic growth强势经济增长superior returns 优厚的回报supply-demand balance 供求平衡sustain a loss 蒙受亏损balance sheet items 资产与负债表的项目indicator 指标，指数information economy 信息经济initial public stock offerings 公开发行的原始股intrinsic value 实际价值investor 投资人issue additional stock 增发股票joint stock company 合股公司market factor 市场因素market movement 市场行情market prices 市场价格market system 市场经济体制move in a uptrend 持续攀升normal economic forces 正常经济力量option 期权overwhelming evidence 非常明确的证据part – owner 合伙股东price movements 股价走势price of a stock 股价price of the call 买进期权的价格price of the put 卖出期权的价格price – earnings ratio 价格收益比率professional investor 专业投资者proxy 代理投票sell short the shares 卖空股票sequence of analysis 分析的先后顺序share price 股价shareholder 股东size of the loss 亏损程度stock exchange 证券交易所stock information 股票信息stock market 股市stock price 股价tech stock 高科技股票technical analysis 技术分析undervalued 贬值的unstableness of market 市场不稳定upward price trend 股价逐步升高volume of a stock 成交量voting power 表决权share, equity, stock 股票、股权bond, debenture, debts 债券negotiable share 可流通股份convertible bond 可转换债券treasury/ government bond 国库券/ 政府债券corporate bond 企业债券closed – end securities investment fund封闭式证券投资基金open – end securities investment fund 开放式证券投资基金fund manager 基金经理/ 管理公司fund custodian bank 基金托管银行market capitalization 市值p/ e (price/ earning) ratio 市盈率mark – to – market 逐日盯市payment versus delivery 银券交付clearing and settlement 清算/ 结算commodity/ financial derivatives 商品/ 金融衍生产品put/ call option 看跌/ 看涨期权margins, collateral 保证金rights issue/ offering 配股bonus share 红股dividend 红利/ 股息ADR (American Depository Receipt) 美国存托凭证/ 存股证GDR (Global Depository Receipt) 全球存托凭证/ 存股证retail/ private investor 个人投资者/ 散户institutional investor 机构投资者broker/ dealer 券商proprietary trading 自营insider trading/ dealing 内幕交易market manipulation 市场操纵prospectus 招股说明书IPO (Initial Public Offering) 新股/ 初始公开发行merger and acquisition 收购兼并marketing concept 营销观念，营销概念marketing program 营销计划marketing mix 营销组合marketing channel 营销渠道marketing research 市场调研，营销调研target market 目标市场marketer 市场商人，商家production-oriented 面向生产的consumer-oriented 面向消费者的consumer satisfaction 消费者感到满意distribution system 销售系统，分销渠道distribution channel 销售渠道sales force 销售队伍promotion 促销advertising 广告personal selling 向个人推销publicity 宣传，媒体宣传sales promotion 促销promotion activity 促销活动demonstration 展示，展示会sweepstake 抽奖free sample 免费赠送的样品coupon 赠券，订货附单resaler 转售商intermediary 中间商，中间人middleman 中间商，中间人mass selling 大批销售research method 研究方法potential customer 潜在客户primary data 原始数据，原始资料，第一手资料consumer reaction 消费者的反应inventory control 存货，库存warehousing 仓储storing 储存grading 分类，分级risk taking 承担风险wholesale 批发retail 零售to identify customer needs 认清客户需求to obtain information 获得信息to collect/ gather data 收集资料to interpret data 分析资料to run the risk of failure 冒失败的风险tangible product 有形产品intangible product 无形产品consumer product 消费产品industrial product 工业产品，供工业使用的产品competing product 竞争产品sample product 样品产品potential product 潜在产品life cycle of a product 产品生命周期introduction 引入期growth 成长期maturity 成熟期decline 衰退期potential profitability 潜在获利可能性marketing mix 营销组合promotion 促销promotion cost 促销成本gross national product (GNP) 国民生产总值research and development (R&D) 研究与开发market research 市场调查product development 产品开发text marketing 试营销customer loyalty 顾客忠诚度distribution channels 销售渠道consumer taste 消费者爱好buying motive 购买动机purchasing habits 购买习惯expert examination专家鉴定opinion leader 引导舆论的专家或行家packaging 包装brand 商标，牌号label 标识，标签to make a purchase 购买to fend off competitors 排除竞争者to break even 收支相抵，持平to meet the needs and expectations of customers 满足消费者的需求和期望to be outdated 过时ad valorem tariff 从价关税balance of payment 国际收支balance – of – payments deficit 国际收支逆差bill of exchange 汇票business norms 商业准则capital resources 资本财源commercial credit 商业信用competitive advantage 竞争优势conflicts of interest 利益矛盾consumer protection 消费者保护currency 货币customs duty 关税deficit 逆差depreciate 贬值documentary credit 跟单信用证domestic demand 国内需求domestic trade 国内贸易dominate 支配，占优势dumping 倾销economic motivation 经济动机encash 兑现ethnocentric 种族中心倾向excessive interventionism 过度干预主义exchange rate 兑换率export intelligence department 出口信息部export market 出口市场export subsidies 出口补贴exportable commodities 可供出口的商品favorable balance of payments 国际收支顺差financial assistance 财政资助fluctuation 波动foreign currency 外币free interflow 自由流通free trading system 自由贸易体系government intervention 政府干预government purchases政府采购high technology 高科技技术import commitment 进口承诺importing agent 进口代理商importing and exporting firms 进出口公司importing channel 进口渠道independent currency system 独立货币体系infant industry argument 幼稚工业保护论international trade 国际贸易intervene with trade 干预贸易interventionist 干涉主义者invisible trade 无形贸易locally produced products 本地生产的产品market economy 市场经济mercantilism 营利主义mercantilist theory 重商主义者的理论merchant 商人monetary conversion 货币兑换national security 国家安全nonsubsidized industry 非补贴工业profit margins 利润幅度quota 配额redistribution of resources 资源重新分配register of shipping 船籍登记relative differences 相对差异retaliatory tariff 报复性关税run deficits 遭受逆差separate treatment 分别对待start – up period 起步阶段surplus 顺差tariff for retaliation 报复关税tariff 关税technical assistance 技术协助trade barrier 贸易壁垒Trade Protectionism 贸易保护主义trade restrictions 贸易限制trade surplus 贸易顺差trade theory 贸易理论trade – expanding devices 贸易扩张手段trade – restricting devices 贸易限制手段trading partner 贸易伙伴unfamiliar territories 陌生的地域unfavorable 逆差的values of imports 进口价值visible trade 有形贸易welfare economy 福利经济welfare state 福利国家career planning 职业计划career path 职业道路career development 职业发展self-assessment 自我评价career anchors 职业动机incentive compensation 奖金profit sharing 分红制frequency rate 频率stress 紧张role conflict 角色冲突union 工会local union 地方工会craft union 行业工会industrial union 产业工会national union 全国工会bargaining union 谈判组collective bargaining 劳资谈判arbitration 仲裁strike 罢工internal employee relations 内部员工关系discipline 纪律disciplinary action 纪律处分grievance 申诉demotion 降职transfer 调动promotion 晋升corporate culture 企业文化organizational culture 企业文化esprit de corps [法]团结精神；集体精神sense of identity 认同感sense of togetherness 团结一致的感觉shared values 员工共同拥有的价值观念organizational motto 企业格言role models 模范；学习榜样number 1 rule 最重要的规则；头等大事informal system of rules 不成文的规章制度bureaucracy 官僚主义company uniform 公司制服probation period 试用期proving period 证明自己的阶段；试用期standard of performance 衡量工作表现或业绩的标准quality product 优质产品timely service 及时服务rites and rituals 仪式employee stock ownership plan 员工拥有股份的计划profit-sharing program 利润分享方案to indoctrinate 灌输信仰或意识to brainwash 洗脑to communicate culture 传播企业文化to promote corporate culture 促进企业文化to fashion a specific value system 形成具体的价值体系to emulate somebody 学习某人to motivate employees 激励员工organization development, OD 组织发展survey feedback 调查反馈quality circles 质量圈management by objective, MBO 目标管理Total Quality Management, TQM 全面质量管理team building 团队建设cohesive force in enterprise 企业凝聚力detail management 细节管理core value 核心价值corporate principle 企业准则organizational effectiveness 机构效能result oriented 结果定向stability 稳定性innovation 创新initiative 主动human relationship 人际关系competitive 竞争enterprising 进取心loyalty 忠诚ambition 雄心cooperation 合作integrity 诚信teamwork 团队execution 执行tenacity 坚韧glory 辉煌ethics 道德标准business concept 经营理念cohesive force in enterprise 企业凝聚力corporate image (CI) / enterprise image 企业形象EOI 意向申请。

Unit51 Price (二)1.你确信对方会接受你方报价。

你说，你们的价格很具有竞争力。

Our price is highly competitive.2.就质量而言，你方价格很合理。

你对客户说，按质论价。

The price depends on the quality.3.你们的价格不能再降了。

你对合作方说．你们的价格已降到了极限。

Our price has been cut to the limit.4.客户看了你方的报价单，他问，报价单上的价格是实价吗？Are the prices on the list firm offers?5.如果降价，你们会增加订货量。

你对厂商说，这就是你们要求降价的原因。

That's why we need a price reduction.6.那件商品没有标明价码，你问对方，这件商品的定价是多少？What is the fixed price for this article?7.对方同意降价5%。

经理满意地说，以这一价格达成生意是可行的。

The price is workable enough to get the business.8.以对方预期价销售你方无利可图。

体说，你方无法以该价格销售。

It's not possible for us to make any sales at this price.firm offer 实价 workable 可行的Unit 52 Price(三)l.你方价格是同类产品中最低的。

你告诉买方，它们是物有所值。

They are worth the price.2.卖方报价合理你方才会购买。

你说，你们主要关心的是价格。

Our main concern is the price.3.对方的还价太低，你得请示老板。

你说，这个价格你不能做决定。

I can't make a decision for this price.4.对方的报价和你们的预期价一致。