英国王室贵族英文介绍风之韵共87页

温莎城堡英文介绍温莎城堡（Windsor Castle）位于英国英格兰东南部区域伯克郡温莎镇，是英国王室温莎王朝的家族城堡，也是现今世界上有人居住的城堡中规模最大的。

其建筑风格、内部结构和装饰都展现了英国王室的历史和文化。

温莎城堡的历史可以追溯到11世纪，当时是作为军事要塞而建。

自14世纪以来，温莎城堡一直是英国王室的居所，并经历了多次扩建和修缮。

城堡由内而外散发着高贵的气息，周围绿树成荫，小河流水，景色优美。

温莎城堡的建筑风格包括了哥特式、文艺复兴式和巴洛克式等，其主体建筑包括圣乔治教堂、宴会厅、王室图书馆和王后公寓等。

城堡的内部装饰也是极尽奢华，包括挂毯、壁画、银器、瓷器等艺术品。

温莎城堡也是英国王室举办重要活动和仪式的地方，如英王继位、婚礼和国事访问等。

城堡内还有一部分被用作国家博物馆和档案馆，用于保存和展示英国的历史和文化。

总的来说，温莎城堡是一座充满历史和文化底蕴的建筑，它见证了英国王室的历史变迁和文化传承，也是英国王室的象征之一。

以下是温莎城堡的英文介绍：Windsor Castle, located in the town of Windsor in the English county of Berkshire, is the official residence of the British monarch and the largest inhabited castle in the world. Its architecture, interior design, and furnishings are a showcase of British royal history and culture.The history of Windsor Castle dates back to the 11th century, when it was first built as a military fortress. Since the 14th century, the castle has been the primary residence of the British royal family and has undergone numerous extensions and renovations. Surrounded by lush green trees and picturesque rivers, the castle exudes an air of grandeur and elegance. The architectural style of Windsor Castle ranges from Gothic to Renaissance to Baroque, with its main attractions including St. George's Chapel, the State Apartments, and the Round Tower. The interior of the castle is sumptuously decorated with tapestries, paintings, silverware, and porcelain.Windsor Castle is also the site of important royal events and ceremonies, such as the coronation of British kings, weddings, and state visits. Part of the castle is also used as a national museum and archive, preserving and showcasing British history and culture.In summary, Windsor Castle is an iconic edifice that is steeped in history and culture. It Witnessed it the British royal family's historical evolution and cultural heritage and remains a symbol of British royalty.。

王府英文介绍
"王府"在英文中通常翻译为"Prince's Mansion"，这是一种汉语-英语的直接翻译方式。

但是，有时在英文中也会使用一些更贴切的翻译，例如：
1. "Royal Palace"：如果这座王府实际上是皇家的，那么"Royal Palace"是一个更准确的描述，它强调了王府的皇家地位和它在国家历史和文化遗产中的重要性。

2. "Noble Residence"：这个翻译更多地关注于王府的住宅性质，它强调了王府作为贵族和统治阶层的居所，而非仅仅是一个办公和居住场所。

这个翻译还带有一些优雅和尊贵的含义。

3. "Prince's Estate"：这个翻译用于描述王府的广大面积和地产价值，强调王府作为一个豪华的庭园社区或私人产业的特点。

总的来说，"王府"这个中文词汇包含了许多历史、文化和社会层面的含义，英文中可能有多种翻译方式来表达不同的含义和特点。

介绍一下欧洲中世纪的贵族爵位体系，以下按照级别高低排列，括号中为女性成员称谓。

皇帝国王下面为各个贵族１．大公：Grand Duke(Duchess), 神圣罗马帝国的最高贵族等级，第一个被称为大公的是15世纪时期强盛的勃艮第公爵腓力三世。

２．大公：Archduke（Archduchess）, 这个头衔和在其他日耳曼贵族家族中用的Grand Duke 明显不同，似乎仅在哈布斯堡家族的领地中使用。

奥地利王室始终保持Archduke的头衔，以显示自己和其他德意志各邦的区别。

３．选侯：Elector (Electress) 神圣罗马帝国选侯.帝国会议最高组织的成员，拥有选举德意志国王和神圣罗马皇帝的权力。

４．亲王：Prince(Princess)，西班牙葡萄牙称infantePrince 这个头衔在欧洲有很多含义：1）君主的儿子或王位直系继承人。

2）在继承顺位上的其他王室成员。

3）女王的配偶。

4）中世纪奥地利的一个爵位，级别在公爵和伯爵之间。

5）没有得到王室封爵的平民贵族，但掌握了政权，建立起世袭的君主国，这些国家的君主称亲王，比如今天的摩纳哥和列支敦士登。

５．公爵：Duke( Duchess)，德国称Hertog,，沙俄对等的爵位称Kniaz。

英国的公爵一定是王室成员，第一位英国王室公爵是14世纪的康沃尔公爵黑太子爱德华。

在法国，公爵是领主的最高等级。

在德国，中世纪早期的五大公爵（萨克森、法兰克尼亚、巴伐利亚、士瓦本和洛林）是德国贵族的最高头衔。

在殖民时代，殖民地的公爵头衔（比如西班牙在美洲的各位总督的公爵头衔），被称为胜利头衔，也就是说是战争胜利的荣誉头衔，不列入正式的贵族头衔系统之中。

６．侯爵：Marquess(Marchioness) 。

沙俄对等的爵位称Boyar. 来源于中世纪的德国的头衔Margrve(Margravine)，即Mark Graf , 边疆伯爵, 一般认为其头衔的等级在公爵和伯爵之间，唯一的例外是1356年的勃兰登堡边疆伯爵戈登*布尔被认可为神圣罗马帝国选侯，地位大大超过了公爵。

关于英国王室有趣故事英文Once upon a time, Queen Elizabeth II of England was wanting to tour the country. But she had one problem: with so many royal duties, how was she supposed to find the time to do so? That's when her husband, Prince Philip, came up with a brilliant solution.He suggested that the Queen and he take a caravan on the tour. So, they set off in a caravan full of their belongings, and enjoyed a leisurely drive around the country.They eventually arrived at a small village in the Cotswolds, and decided to park the caravan there and have a walk around. As they strolled down the street, they noticed people looking at them curiously. They soon realised that word had spread that the Queen was in their midst, and local people wanted to meet her.The Queen was charmed by the eagerness of everyone to meet her, and decided to stay a few days longer. She asked her servants to tend to the caravan while she and the Prince went for a walk around.Soon after, there were rumors about the whereabouts of the Queen and Prince Philip. News channels were picking up on the story and running it on the air. People from all over the country started flocking to the village to get a glimpse of the royal couple.Eventually, the locals realised the caravan was in fact the Queen’s home away from home, and decorated it with bunting and colorful flags. They even renamed the village“Royal Caravan Village” in honor of their unexpected visitors.After two weeks of touring the area, the Queen and Prince Philip had to leave as they had other appointments. But they promised to return in the future, and waved goodbye to their new friends. The story of their visit is still recounted to this day.。

英国女王Queen Elizabeth II◆Real name: ElizabethAlexandra Mary Windsor◆Birth: 21 April 1926 inLondon◆Children: 3 sons, 1daughterThe Role of the MonarchBefore the English Bourgeois Revolution:(1) He personally exercised supreme executive, legislativeand judicial power.(2) He manipulated the election of the Archbishop.(3) He could grant lands and wealth to his favorites.(4) He could appoint his followers to important positions.(5) He conferred noble titles.(6) He could have anyone arrested, put into prison or todeath.What powers does the Queen have?Superficially, she is:1) official head of state2) head of the legal system of Britain3) head of the judiciary3) commander-in-chief of the armed forces4) head of the Church of EnglandShe appoints the Prime Minister, ministers, and important officials and officers.----- She presides the great state functions----- She gives many important honors and awards.----- She concludes treaties and declares war.----- She remits all or part of the sentence passed on a criminal by granting a ‘royal pardon赦免令’.A less well known role of the Queen, which is nevertheless very important to British politics, is that of a confidante to the Prime Minister. Her long experience and her politically neutrality make her a good source of informed observation on the day to day problems of governanceThe culture of the United Kingdom is rich and varied, and has been influential on culture on a worldwide scale.It is a European state, and has many cultural links with its former colonies, particularly those that use the English language (the Anglosphere). Considerable contributions to British culture have been made over the last half-century by immigrants from the Indian Subcontinent and the West Indies.The origins of the UK as a political union of formerly independent states has resulted in the preservation of distinctive cultures in each of the home nations.LanguageMain article: Languages in the United KingdomThe United Kingdom has no official language. English is the main language and the de facto official language, spoken monolingually by an estimated 95% of the UK population.However, some nations and regions of the UK have frameworks for the promotion of their autochthonous languages. In Wales, English and Welsh are both widely used by officialdom, and Irish and Ulster Scots enjoy limited use alongside English in Northern Ireland, mainly in publicly commissioned translations. Additionally, the Western Isles council area of Scotland has a policy to promote Scottish Gaelic.Under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, which is not legally enforceable, the UK Government has committed itself to the promotion of certain linguistic traditions. Welsh, Scottish Gaelic and Cornish are to be developed in Wales, Scotland and Cornwall respectively. Other native languages afforded such protection include Irish in Northern Ireland, Scots in Scotland and Northern Ireland, where it is known in official parlance as "Ulster Scots" or "Ullans" but in the speech of users simply as "Scotch", and British Sign Language.The ArtsLiteratureSherlock Holmes, played here by Jeremy Brett, was created by British author Arthur Conan Doyle.Main article: British literatureThe earliest native literature of the territory of the modern United Kingdom was written in the Celtic languages of the isles. The Welsh literary tradition stretches from the 6th century. Irish poetry also represents a more or less unbroken tradition from the 6th century to the present day, with the Ulster Cycle being of particular relevance to Northern Ireland.Anglo-Saxon literature includes Beowulf, a national epic, but literature in Latin predominated among educated elites. After the Norman ConquestAnglo-Norman literature brought continental influences to the isles.English literature emerged as a recognisable entity in the late 14th century, with the rise and spread of the London dialect of Middle English. Geoffrey Chaucer is the first great identifiable individual in English literature: his Canterbury Tales remains a popular 14th-century work which readers still enjoy today.Following the introduction of the printing press into England by William Caxton in 1476, the Elizabethan era saw a great flourishing of literature, especially in the fields of poetry and drama. From this period, poet and playwright William Shakespeare stands out as arguably the most famous writer in the world.The English novel became a popular form in the 18th century, with Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe (1719), Samuel Richardson's Pamela (1740) and Henry Fielding's Tom Jones (1745).After a period of decline, the poetry of Robert Burns revived interest in vernacular literature, the rhyming weavers of Ulster being especially influenced by literature in Scots from Scotland.The following two centuries continued a huge outpouring of literary production. In the early 19th century, the Romantic period showed a flowering of poetry comparable with the Renaissance two hundred years earlier, with such poets as William Blake, William Wordsworth, John Keats, and Lord Byro n. The Victorian period was the golden age of the realistic English novel, represented by Jane Austen, the Brontë sisters (Charlotte, Emily and Anne), Charles Dickens, William Thackeray, George Eliot, and Thomas Hardy.World War One gave rise to British war poets and writers such as Wilfred Owen, Siegfried Sassoon, Robert Graves and Rupert Brooke who wrote (often paradoxically), of their expectations of war, and/or their experiences in the trench.The Celtic Revival stimulated new appreciation of traditional Irish literature, however, with the independence of the Irish Free State, Irish literature came to be seen as more clearly separate from the strains of British literature. The Scottish Renaissance of the early 20th century brought modernism to Scottish literature as well as an interest in new forms in the literatures of Scottish Gaelic and Scots.The English novel developed in the 20th century into much greater variety and was greatly enriched by immigrant writers. It remains today the dominant English literary form.Other well-known novelists include Arthur Conan Doyle, D. H. Lawrence, George Orwell, Salman Rushdie, Mary Shelley, Zadie Smith, J. R. R. Tolkien, Virginia Woolf and J.K. Rowling.Important poets include Elizabeth Barrett Browning, T. S. Eliot, Ted Hughes, John Milton, Alfred Tennyson, Rudyard Kipling, Alexander Pope, and Dylan Thomas.ReligionMain article: Religion in the United KingdomAlthough today one of the most 'secularised' states in the world, the United Kingdom is traditionally a Christian country, with two of the Home nations having official faiths:Anglicanism, in the form of the Church of England, is the Established Church in England. The Queen is Supreme Governor of the Church of England. Presbyterianism (Church of Scotland) is the official faith in Scotland.The Anglican Church in Wales was disestablished in 1920.The Anglican Church of Ireland was disestablished in 1871.Other religions followed in the UK include Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, Judaism, and Buddhism. While 2001 census information [2] suggests that over 75 percent of UK citizens consider themselves to belong to a religion, Gallup International reports that only 10 percent of UK citizens regularly attend religious services, compared to 15 percent of French citizens and 57 percent of American citizens. A 2004 YouGov poll found that 44 percent of UK citizens believe in God, while 35 percent do not [3]. The disparity between the census data and the YouGov data has been put down to a phenomenon described as "cultural Christianity", whereby many who do not believe in God still identify with the religion they were bought up as, or the religion of their parents.[edit]FoodMain article: British cuisineAlthough there is ample evidence of a rich and varied approach to cuisine during earlier historical periods (particularly so amongst wealthy citizens), during much of the 19th and 20th century Britain had a reputation for somewhat conservative cuisine. The stereotype of the native cuisine was of a diet progressing little beyond stodgy meals consisting of "meat and two veg".Even today, in more conservative areas of the country, "meat and two veg" cuisine is still the favoured choice at the dinner table.Traditional British fare usually includes dishes such as fish and chips, roast dishes of beef, lamb, chicken and pork, as well as regional dishes such as the Cornish pasty and Lancashire Hotpot.On 8 January 1940, four months after the outbreak of World War II, a system of food Rationing was introduced to conserve stocks and feed the nation during the critical war years. Rationing persisted until July 4, 1954 [4] when a fourteen year period of relative privation (which profoundly affected a generation of people attitude to 'a culture of food') finally came to an end. With the end of rationing, Britain's diet began to change, slowly at first during the 1950s and 1960s, but immeasurably by the closing decades of the 20th century.During the transitional period of the 1970s, a number of influential figures s uch as Delia Smith (perhaps Britain's most famous homegrown exponent of good food), began the drive to encourage greater experimentation with the new ingredients (e.g. pasta) increasingly being offered by the supermarkets. The evolution of the British diet was further accelerated with the increasing tendency of the British to travel to continental Europe (and sometimes beyond) for their annual holidays, experiencing new and unfamiliar dishes as they travelled to countries such as France, Italy, and Spain.Towards the mid to late 1990s and onwards an explosion of talented new 'TV chefs' began to come to prominence, (with figures as diverse as Jamie Oliver, Ainsley Harriott, Ken Hom, Nigella Lawson, Madhur Jaffrey, Nigel Slater, and Keith Floyd) this brought about a noticeable acceleration in the diversity of cuisine the general public were prepared to try and their general confidence in preparing food that had would once have been considered pure staples of foreign cultures, particularly the Mediterranean European, South and East Asian diets. As a result, a new style of cooking called Modern British emerged.This process of increased variety and experimentation in food inevitably dovetailed with the very profound impact that the post-war influx of immigrants to the UK (many from Britain's former colonies in the Caribbean and Indian sub-continent) had on the national cuisine. The new communities propelled new and exciting dishes and ingredients onto restaurant tables and into the national consciousness. In many instances, British tastes fused with the new dishes to produce entirely new dishes such as the Balti, an English invention based on Indian cuisine that has since gained popularity across the world.Many of these new dishes have since become deeply embedded in the native culture, culminating in a speech in 2001 by Foreign Secretary, Robin Cook, in which he described Chicken Tikka Masala as 'a true British national dish' [5].With the rich diversity of its peoples and its (arguably) relatively successful attempts at creating a true multicultural society, married to a reputation as an experimental and forward thinking nation, the future of British cuisine looks positive.[edit]EducationUniversity College, Oxford was founded in the 13th centuryMain a rticle: Education in the United KingdomThe education system in the United Kingdom varies in important respects between England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Education is devolved to the Scottish Parliament and the assemblies in Wales and Northern Ireland.Education is compulsory for all children between the ages of five and sixteen. Most children in the UK are educated in state funded schools financed through the tax system and so parents do not pay directly for the cost of education.Less than ten percent of the UK school age population attend independentfee-paying schools. Many prominent independent schools, often founded hundreds of years ago, are known as public schools of which Eton, Harrow and Rugby are three of the better known.Most primary and secondary schools in both the private and state sectors have compulsory school uniforms. This is a contentious point with generations of school children who would like to see them abolished, only to support their retention once they become parents, this is due to people wanting to have a 'uniform' appearance in schools and it reduces the brand logo culture from coming out in educational establishments. Due to the multicultural nature of England, some allowances have had to be made in the uniform regulations to accommodate the needs of some children's religious beliefs.[edit]EnglandMain article Education in EnglandMost schools came under state control in the Victorian era, a formal state school system was instituted after the Second World War. Initially schools were separated into infant schools (normally up to age 4 or 5), primary schools and secondary schools (split into more academic grammar schools and more vocational secondary modern schools). Under the Labour governments of the 1960s and 1970s most secondary modern and grammar schools were combined to become comprehensive schools.Although the Minister of Education is responsible to Parliament for education, the day to day administration and funding of state schools is the responsibility of Local Education Authorities.[edit]Northern IrelandMain article Education in Northern Ireland[edit]ScotlandMain article Education in Scotland[edit]WalesMain article Education in Wales[edit]Higher educationThe United Kingdom includes many historic universities. These include theso-called Oxbridge universities (Oxford University and Cambridge University) which are amongst the world's oldest universities and are generally ranked at or near the top of all British universities. Other universities include the University of St Andrews, the oldest university in Scotland. Academic degrees are usually split into classes: first class (I), upper second class (II:1), lower second class (II:2) and third (III), and unclassified (below third class).[SportMain article: Sport in the United KingdomThe national sport of the UK is football, and the UK has the oldest football clubs in the world. The home nations all have separate national teams and domestic competitions, most notably the Scottish Premier League, the FA Cup and the FA Premier League. The first ever international football match was between Scotland and England in 1872. The match ended goalless.Other famous British sporting events include the Wimbledon tennis championships, the Grand National, the London Marathon, the ashes series ofcricket matches and the boat race between Oxford and Cambridge universities.A great number of major sports originated in the United Kingdom, including: Football (soccer), squash, golf, boxing, rugby (rugby union and rugby league), cricket, snooker, billiards, badminton and curling.[edit]National costumeThe kilt is a traditional Scottish garmentThere is no specifically British national costume. Even individually, England, Wales and Northern Ireland have only vestiges of a national costume; Scotland has the kilt and Tam o'shanter. In England certain military uniforms such as the Beefeater or the Queen's Guard are considered by tourists to be symbolic of Englishness, however they are not official national costumes. Morris dancers or the costumes for the traditional English may dance are cited by some as examples of traditional English costume.[edit]Naming conventionThe naming convention in most of the United Kingdom is for everyone to have a given name, usually (but not always) indicating the child's sex, followed by a parent's family name. This naming convention has remained much the same since the 15th century in England although patronymic naming remained in some of the further reaches of the other home nations until much later. Since the 19th century middle names have become very common and are often taken from the family name of an ancestor.Traditionally given names were largely taken from the Bible however in the Gothic Revival of the Victorian era Anglo Saxon and mythical names became commonplace. Since the middle of the 20th century however given names have been influenced by a much wider cultural base./wiki/British_cultureThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) was created by the Act of Union 1800 and constitutes the greater part of the British Isles, a group of islands lying off the northwest coast of Europe. The largest of the islands is Great Britain, which comprises England, Wales and Scotland. Nextlargest is Ireland, comprising Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom, and, in the south, the Republic of Ireland.Culture in the United Kingdom is rich and diverse, with a strong tradition of literature, theatre, popular and orchestral music and the performing arts. These, together with collections in UK museums and galleries, act as a magnet for overseas visitors and make a substantial contribution to the economy. According to economic estimates made by the Department for Culture,Media and Sport (DCMS), the creative industries accounted for nearly 8 per cent of UK gross domestic product in 2000, and provided nearly 2 million jobs in December 2001. Colour brochures are available here on various aspects of UK culture, including the arts, architecture, dance, the visual arts, and literature and poetry.AcknowledgementsMy deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor aaa , my supervisor, for her constant encouragement and guidance. She has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. Without her consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not havereached its present form.Second, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Professor aaa, who led me into the world of translation. I am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers at the Department of English: Professor dddd, Professor ssss, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years.Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor aaa , my supervisor, for her constant encouragement and guidance. She has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. Without her consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not havereached its present form.Second, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Professor aaa, who led me into the world of translation. I am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers at the Department of English: Professor dddd, Professor ssss, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years.Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gaveme their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.。

one of the queen’s homes 的意思摘要：1.介绍女王的居所2.分析“one of the queen’s homes”的含义3.详细阐述女王在不同居所的生活4.总结：女王的居所与其角色和地位的关系正文：在英国，女王伊丽莎白二世拥有多个居所，其中既有官方住宅，也有私人别墅。

这些房产见证了女王的日常工作和生活，也反映了她作为国家元首的职责和地位。

在这里，我们探讨“one of the queen’s homes”的含义，并分析女王在不同居所的生活方式。

白金汉宫是女王的主要官方居所之一，也是英国君主传统的办公地点。

这座宏伟的建筑位于伦敦市中心，拥有大约775个房间，包括卧室、客厅、宴会厅和办公室。

在这里，女王接待国内外贵宾、举行国家庆典和宴会，展现出国家元首的威严和风范。

此外，白金汉宫对外开放，让游客有机会一窥皇室生活的奥秘。

女王在温莎城堡的居住时间较长，这座历史悠久的城堡位于伦敦以西，是英国最古老的皇室居所之一。

温莎城堡既是女王的私人住宅，也是她与家人共度时光的地方。

在这里，她可以摆脱公务的烦扰，享受宁静的生活。

城堡内的宴会厅、艺术馆和花园等都体现了皇家的气派和品味。

除了这些著名的地方，女王还在苏格兰的巴尔莫勒尔城堡和诺福克郡的桑德林汉姆庄园等地拥有私人别墅。

这些地方成为她远离城市喧嚣、放松身心的理想之地。

在這些居所，女王可以与家人朋友共度悠闲时光，享受田园般的宁静生活。

总之，女王的居所不仅反映了她作为国家元首的尊贵地位，还展示了她在不同场合的行事风格。

从白金汉宫的庄重严肃到温莎城堡的私密惬意，这些地方都见证了女王的一生。

而“one of the queen’s homes”这个说法，既体现了女王的荣耀，也揭示了她在家庭生活中的平凡一面。